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Home My WebLink AboutNC0000272_Assessment Workplan_20230620 INTERIM WORK PLAN ADDENDUM COMPREHENSIVE SAMPLING AND ASSESSMENT OF BLACK LIQUOR IMPACTS TO GROUNDWATER PACTIV EVERGREEN CANTON MILL CANTON, NORTH CAROLINA EnSafe Project Number 0888834351 Prepared for: pactiv '4� everevror Pactiv Evergreen 175 Main Street Canton, North Carolina 28716 June 2023 313 Wingo Way Mount Pleasant, South Carolina 29464 843-884-0029 1 843-856-0107 www.ensafe.com ENSAFE M�� creative thinking. custom solutions.ID TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVESUMMARY.............................................................................................................. ii 1.0 BACKGROUND...............................................................................................................1 2.0 CONSTITUENTS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN — BLACK LIQUOR...........................................3 3.0 COMPREHENSIVE GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT .......................................................... 11 3.1 Well Network Inventory..................................................................................... 14 3.2 Groundwater Sampling Proceures ...................................................................... 14 3.2.1 Groundwater Level Measurements........................................................... 14 3.2.2 Groundwater Sample Collection............................................................... 14 4.0 CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL AND OPTIMIZATION OF SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN....... 17 5.0 REMEDIAL SUMMARY AND FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS.................................................. 18 6.0 DATA COLLECTION AND REPORTING ...........................................................................20 7.0 TENTATIVE SCHEDULE FOR FIELDWORK......................................................................21 8.0 REFERENCES ..............................................................................................................22 FIGURES Figure 1 Site Location Map Figure 2 Existing Well Network Map TABLES Table 1 Current Status of April 2022 Notice of Regulatory Requirements.............................2 Table 2 Groundwater Analytes and Screening Levels.........................................................4 Table 3 Groundwater Analytes for Remedial Considerations ............................................. 11 Table 4 Groundwater Sample Locations.......................................................................... 15 Table 5 Timeline and Summary of Remedial Activities...................................................... 18 APPENDICES Appendix A Analytical Requirement Tables Appendix B Initial Work Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Interim Work Plan Addendum describes continuing assessment efforts and potential remedial actions related to historic releases of black liquor at the Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill (Site). The Site is bisected by the Pigeon River and surrounded by the town of Canton, North Carolina as depicted in Figure 1. The objective of this Interim Work Plan Addendum is to: 1) Establish and justify an appropriate analyte suite for assessing impacts of historic black liquor releases to Site groundwater, 2) Conduct a comprehensive groundwater sampling event establishing a baseline data set for assessing Site groundwater quality, 3) Update the Conceptual Site Model (CSM) and optimize the Sampling and Analysis Plan based on critical analysis and interpretation of current and archival data, and 4) Summarize the prior remedial strategies and feasible resolutions to historic Site remedial challenges. Activities, as described herein, will be performed in consultation with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) ,the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) Division of Waste Management's Superfund Section, Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch guidance, and in general accordance with the U.S. EPA Region 4, Science and Ecosystem Support Division Field Branches Quality System and Technical Procedures, available at https://www.epa.gov/quality/quality-system-and- technical-procedures-Isasd-field-branches. This Work Plan has been prepared in accordance with the general consensus of the stakeholders participating in the virtual (Teams) meeting on May 15, 2023, and is organized as follows: • Section 1: Provides an overview of site history • Section 2: Describes constituents of potential concern for black liquor process • Section 3: Describes comprehensive groundwater sampling event • Section 4: Conceptual site model and optimization of sampling and analysis • Section 5: Overview of black liquor remedial efforts • Section 6: Summarizes data collection, reporting procedures, and quality assurance • Section 7: Presents a tentative schedule for field work • Section 8: Identifies references cited in this Work Plan Addendum Figures and supporting appendices are included at the conclusion of the text. Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill MSAFE Canton, North Carolina June 2023 BACKGROUND The Site is bisected by the Pigeon River and surrounded by the town of Canton, North Carolina as depicted in Figure 1. A release of black liquor into the Pigeon River was reported to the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR), now NCDEQ, in 1994 by Champion Paper (who owned the Mill at that time). A series of subsequent Comprehensive Site Assessments were conducted by Champion Paper to assess impacts to groundwater and included the installation of the existing monitoring and recovery well network (Figure 2). Initial efforts to contain black liquor and mitigate the seep included a pump and treat system that proved to be ineffective for several plausible reasons. In 1999, Champion, who retained liability for the black liquor release, sold the mill to Carolina Paper which later became Blue Ridge Paper Products. Champion Paper was acquired by International Paper (IP) in 2000. From 2007 to present, IP conducted semi-annual groundwater monitoring events targeting a limited analyte suite (AECOM various dates). In 2007, Evergreen Packaging (now PTVE) purchased the Canton Mill from Blue Ridge Paper Products and has operated the mill since. An apparent re-activation of the black liquor seep was reported to NCDEQ on January 28, 2022. On April 11, 2022, NCDEQ Division of Water Resources (DWR) issued a Notice of Violation (NOV) to IP and requiring IP to sample surface waters and sediments of the Pigeon River proximal to the black liquor seep as well as to provide a summary of historical efforts to treat or contain impacted groundwater. The Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch of NCDEQ followed up with the issuance of a Notice of Regulatory Requirements (NORR) to IP on April 22, 2022, mandating a similar suite of assessment actions. NCDEQ DWR subsequently issued an NOV to PTVE on October 20, 2022, which mirrored the requirements of the NOV sent to IP in April 2022. In consultation with NCDEQ DWR prior to receiving an NOV on October 201", PTVE submitted a sampling plan on October 17, 2022, which was approved the following day by NCDEQ DWR; this plan addressed both riverbank reconnaissance and surface water, seep, and sediment sampling. This plan was intended to meet requirements 1 and 2 of the forthcoming October 2022 NOV, and was implemented during 1Q2023. However, the plan did not include provisions for groundwater sampling. Based on a review of publicly available information, while focused semiannual sampling events have been performed, the most recent comprehensive site-wide groundwater sampling event was conducted in 1997 by Roy F. Weston Inc. as part of a Phase III Site Assessment on behalf of Champion Paper. PTVE recently announced that it will cease operations at the Site in June of 2023. At the request of the U.S. EPA and the NCDEQ, PTVE has chosen to move forward with the assessment of potential impacts to groundwater associated with historic releases of black liquor at the Site without the Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 assistance of other potentially responsible parties. PTVE has met or is actively seeking resolutions to the stipulations set forth by NCDEQ as depicted in Table 1. To satisfy the remaining requirements of the NORR issued to IP, PTVE will conduct a comprehensive site-wide groundwater sampling event to assess impacts to groundwater associated with historic releases of black liquor at the Site and, if warranted, implement appropriate remedial actions. Table 1 Current Status of A ril 2022 Notice of Regulatory Requirements April 2022 NORR Requirements Status Identify all constituents of concern in both Black Liquor collected from the Canton Mill process has been screened current and historical black liquor used at the for COPCs. COPCs from historic black liquor are derived from the CSA paper mill. data sets associated with the 1994 CSA Work Plan. Determine whether there is a continuing source of black liquor/industrial water from Source eliminated—Mill has ceased manufacturing operations. the mill. Determine whether the Pigeon River continues to be impacted by black Results from surface water sampling,toxicity sampling, and liquor/seep material/discharging sediment sampling do not indicate adverse impacts to Pigeon River contaminated groundwater through surface (TRC January 2023). water sampling and analysis. Implement measures to stop any discharge No recent discharge of black liquor to river(last documented of contaminated groundwater to the January 2022). Pigeon River. Prepare a remedial action plan for the A Remedial Action Plan will be prepared if warranted, depending upon documented groundwater contamination the outcome of pending sampling and analysis described in this beneath the paper mill. Work Plan. Continue generating and submitting Semi- Annual Groundwater Monitoring Reports to Recent Champion (IP)Semi-Annual GWS Event(AECOM April 2023). the IHSB. Notes: NORR = Notice of Regulatory Requirements CSA = Comprehensive Site Assessment COPC = Constituents of Potential Concern IHSB = Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch IP = International Paper GWS = groundwater sampling TRC = TRC Environmental Corporation 2 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 ommma— CONSTITUENTS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN — BLACK LIQUOR Black liquor is the byproduct of the kraft process, separating cellulose from lignin and other compounds. Strong black liquor contains 50% to 70% solids, with the remainder being water. The solids are comprised of a complex mixture of inorganic and organic constituents. Due to its chemical complexity, there is no single approved analytical methodology available to characterize the composition of spent pulping liquor. During mill operations, black liquor is typically concentrated before being burned for energy recovery. Black liquor and spent process water from other mill operations would have been conveyed through various areas of the mill via subsurface piping and drains. A NORR issued to IP in April 2022 tasked IP with identifying all constituents of concern in both current and historical black liquor used at the paper mill. To assess the constituents of potential concern (COPC) related to the current process liquor produced at the mill, PTVE collected samples of black liquor for analysis in March 2023; the results of which are incorporated into the COPC list in Table 2. COPCs in historical black liquor from the mill were derived from a review of Comprehensive Site Assessment reports generated for Champion Paper in 1995, 1996, and 1997. A synthesis of the data sets led to the analyte list put forth in a "Position Paper" distributed to U.S. EPA and NCDEQ (EnSafe, May 9 2023) which included volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds, metals (total and dissolved), and specific general chemistry and biogeochemistry analytes. The Position Paper did not include dioxins and furans as COPCs, however further review of mill operations suggest that dioxins may be present in spent process water from the bleaching process. Spent process water from bleaching and other mill operations is recycled for use in the pulping process which, in turn, produces black liquor as a by-product. Therefore, dioxins and furans will be included for analysis. As noted earlier, black liquor has proven to be a difficult matrix for characterizing COPC by conventional analytical methods. As such, PTVE proposes sampling two of the more impacted wells (RW-5 and PZ-4) in advance of the Site-wide sampling event, as a trial run, to ensure the proposed analytical methods are viable to meet the objectives of this Work Plan. The preliminary data set for RW-5 and PZ-4 will allow for amendments and optimization of groundwater sampling protocols prior to the Site-wide event. Table 2, details the proposed analyte list to be implemented as part of the bench test prior to the full scale, Site-wide, comprehensive groundwater sampling. Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 Table 2 Groundwater Analytes and Screening Levels Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Analyte CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units VOCs by SW-846 Method 8260D 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 71-55-6 200 0.332 1 pg/L 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 79-34-5 0.2 0.225 1 pg/L 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 79-00-5 0.6 0.325 1 pg/L 1,1-Dichloroethane 75-34-3 6 0.367 1 pg/L 1,1-Dichloroethene 75-35-4 350 0.367 1 pg/L 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 120-82-1 70 0.639 1 pg/L 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 96-12-8 0.04 0.34 2 pg/L 1,2-Dibromoethane 106-93-4 0.02 0.272 1 pg/L 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 95-50-1 20 0.339 1 pg/L 1,2-Dichloroethane 107-06-2 0.4 0.322 1 pg/L 1,2-Dichloropropane 78-87-5 0.6 0.355 1 pg/L 1,3-Dichlorobenzene 541-73-1 200 0.34 1 pg/L 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7 6 0.333 1 pg/L 2-Butanone 78-93-3 4,000 3.96 5 pg/L 2-Hexanone 591-78-6 40 0.476 5 pg/L 4-Methyl-2-pentanone 108-10-1 100 2.71 5 pg/L Acetone 67-64-1 6,000 5.11 25 pg/L Benzene 71-43-2 1 0.345 1 pg/L Bromodichloromethane 75-27-4 0.6 0.307 1 pg/L Bromoform 75-25-2 4 0.341 1 pg/L Bromomethane 74-83-9 10 1.66 2 pg/L Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 700 0.355 2 pg/L Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 0.3 0.333 1 pg/L Chlorobenzene 108-90-7 50 0.284 1 pg/L Chloroethane 75-00-3 3,000 0.649 1 pg/L Chloroform 67-66-3 70 0.43 1 pg/L Chloromethane 74-87-3 3 0.649 1 pg/L cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 156-59-2 70 0.384 1 pg/L cis-1,3-Dichloropropene 10061-01-5 0.4 0.365 1 pg/L Cyclohexane 110-82-7 NS 0.354 1 pg/L Dibromochloromethane 124-48-1 0.4 0.359 1 pg/L Dichlorodifluoromethane 75-71-8 1,000 0.346 1 pg/L Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 600 0.304 1 pg/L 4 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 Table 2 Groundwater Analytes and Screening Levels Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Analyte CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units Freon-113 76-13-1 NS 0.316 1 pg/L Isopropyl benzene 98-82-8 70 0.333 1 pg/L m,p-Xylene 179601-23-1 500 0.709 2 pg/L Methyl acetate 79-20-9 NS 2.39 10 pg/L Methyl tert-butyl ether 1634-04-4 20 0.422 1 pg/L Methylcyclohexane 108-87-2 NS 1.51 10 pg/L Methylene chloride 75-09-2 5 1.95 5 pg/L o-Xylene 95-47-6 500 0.338 1 pg/L Styrene 100-42-5 70 0.292 1 pg/L Tetrachloroethene 127-18-4 0.7 0.292 1 pg/L Toluene 108-88-3 600 0.239 1 pg/L trans-l,2-Dichloroethene 156-60-5 100 0.396 1 pg/L trans-l,3-Dichloropropene 10061-02-6 0.4 0.363 1 pg/L Trichloroethene 79-01-6 3 0.383 1 pg/L Trichlorofluoromethane 75-69-4 2,000 0.298 1 pg/L Vinyl chloride 75-01-4 0.03 0.386 1 pg/L SVOCs by SW-846 Method 8270E 1,1-Biphenyl 92-52-4 400 1.82 10 pg/L 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 95-95-4 63 1.42 10 pg/L 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 88-06-2 4 1.55 10 pg/L 2,4-Dichlorophenol 120-83-2 0.98 1.7 10 pg/L 2,4-Dimethylphenol 105-67-9 100 1.7 10 pg/L 2,4-Dinitrophenol 51-28-5 NS 26 50 pg/L 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 121-14-2 0.05 1.62 10 pg/L 2,6-Dinitrotoluene 606-20-2 0.05 1.72 10 pg/L 2-Chloronaphthalene 91-58-7 NS 1.72 10 pg/L 2-Chlorophenol 95-57-8 0.4 1.2 10 pg/L 2-Methyl naphthalene 91-57-6 30 1.87 10 pg/L 2-Methylphenol 95-48-7 400 1.87 10 pg/L 2-Nitroaniline 88-74-4 NS 2.98 20 pg/L 2-Nitrophenol 88-75-5 NS 1.4 10 pg/L 3,3-Dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1 NS 8.12 20 pg/L 3-Nitroaniline 99-09-2 NS 3.75 20 pg/L 4,6-Din itro-2-methylphenol 497-56-3 NS 7.78 20 pg/L 5 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 Table 2 Groundwater Analytes and Screening Levels Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Analyte CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether 101-55-3 NS 1.77 10 pg/L 4-Ch loro-3-methyl phenol 59-50-7 NS 3.34 10 pg/L 4-Chloroaniline 106-47-8 NS 3.63 20 pg/L 4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether 7005-72-3 NS 2 10 pg/L 3&4-Methylphenol 15831-10-4 NS 1.22 10 pg/L 4-Nitroaniline 100-01-6 NS 5.1 20 pg/L 4-Nitrophenol 100-02-7 NS 6.59 50 pg/L Acenaphthene 83-32-9 80 2.01 10 pg/L Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 200 1.95 10 pg/L Acetophenone 98-86-2 700 1.5 10 pg/L Anthracene 120-12-7 2,000 2.31 10 pg/L Atrazine 1912-24-9 3 3.18 10 pg/L Benz(a)anthracene 56-55-3 0.05 2.69 10 pg/L Benzaldehyde 100-52-7 NS 3.6 10 pg/L Benzo(a)pyrene 50-32-8 0.005 2.78 10 pg/L Benzo(b)fluoranthene 205-99-2 0.05 2.6 10 pg/L Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 191-24-2 200 2.84 10 pg/L Benzo(k)fluoranthene 207-08-9 0.5 2.71 10 pg/L Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane 111-91-1 NS 1.82 10 pg/L Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether 111-44-4 0.03 1.91 10 pg/L Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether 108-60-1 NS 1.15 10 pg/L Bis(2-ethyl hexyl)phthaIate 117-81-7 3 3.73 6 pg/L Butyl benzyl phthalate 85-68-7 1,000 3.14 10 pg/L Caprolactam 105-60-2 4,000 6.94 10 pg/L Carbazole 86-74-8 NS 2.35 10 pg/L Chrysene 218-01-9 5 2.77 10 pg/L Di-n-butyl phthalate 84-74-2 700 2.2 10 pg/L Di-n-octyl phthalate 117-84-0 100 3.92 10 pg/L Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 53-70-3 0.005 2.95 10 pg/L Dibenzofuran 132-64-9 NS 2.1 10 pg/L Diethyl phthalate 84-66-2 6,000 2.05 10 pg/L Dimethyl phthalate 131-11-3 NS 2.13 10 pg/L Fluoranthene 206-44-0 300 2.19 10 pg/L Fluorene 86-73-7 300 2.09 10 pg/L 6 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 Table 2 Groundwater Analytes and Screening Levels Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Analyte CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units Hexachlorobenzene 118-74-1 0.02 2.16 10 pg/L Hexachlorobutadiene 87-68-3 0.4 1.77 10 pg/L Hexachlorocyclo pentad iene 77-47-4 NS 1.59 10 pg/L Hexachloroethane 67-72-1 NS 1.38 10 pg/L Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 193-39-5 0.05 2.89 10 pg/L Isophorone 78-59-1 40 1.66 10 pg/L N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 621-64-7 NS 1.33 10 pg/L N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 86-30-6 NS 3 10 pg/L Naphthalene 91-20-3 6 2.09 10 pg/L Nitrobenzene 98-95-3 NS 1.87 10 pg/L Pentachlorophenol 87-86-5 0.3 3.76 20 pg/L Phenanthrene 85-01-8 200 2 10 pg/L Phenol 108-95-2 30 1.35 10 pg/L Pyrene 129-00-0 200 2.2 10 pg/L Metals by SW-846 Method 6010D Antimony 7429-90-5 0.001 0.0307 0.015 mg/L Arsenic 7440-38-2 0.01 0.0034 0.015 mg/L Barium 7440-39-3 0.7 0.00084 0.01 mg/L Beryllium 7440-41-7 0.004 0.00017 0.004 mg/L Cadmium 7440-43-9 0.002 0.00033 0.001 mg/L Chromium 7440-47-3 0.01 0.0017 0.005 mg/L Cobalt 7440-48-4 0.001 0.00096 0.01 mg/L Copper 7440-50-8 1.0 0.0026 0.005 mg/L Lead 7439-92-1 0.015 0.0021 0.01 mg/L Manganese 7439-95-4 0.05 0.084 0.005 mg/L Nickel 7442-02-0 0.1 0.001 0.005 mg/L Selenium 7782-49-2 0.02 0.0039 0.015 mg/L Silver 7440-22-4 0.02 0.001 0.005 mg/L Thallium 7440-28-0 0.002 0.0029 0.015 mg/L Vanadium 7440-28-0 0.007 0.0029 0.01 mg/L Zinc 7440-66-6 1.0 0.011 0.02 mg/L 7 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 ommma- Table 2 Groundwater Analytes and Screening Levels Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Analyte CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units Dissolved Metals(Field-Filtered) by SW-846 Method 6010D Antimony 7429-90-5 0.001 0.0307 0.015 mg/L Arsenic 7440-38-2 0.01 0.0034 0.015 mg/L Barium 7440-39-3 0.7 0.00084 0.01 mg/L Beryllium 7440-41-7 0.004 0.00017 0.004 mg/L Cadmium 7440-43-9 0.002 0.00033 0.001 mg/L Chromium 7440-47-3 0.01 0.0017 0.005 mg/L Cobalt 7440-48-4 0.001 0.00096 0.01 mg/L Copper 7440-50-8 1.0 0.0026 0.005 mg/L Lead 7439-92-1 0.015 0.0021 0.01 mg/L Manganese 7439-95-4 0.05 0.084 0.005 mg/L Nickel 7442-02-0 0.1 0.001 0.005 mg/L Selenium 7782-49-2 0.02 0.0039 0.015 mg/L Silver 7440-22-4 0.02 0.001 0.005 mg/L Thallium 7440-28-0 0.002 0.0029 0.015 mg/L Vanadium 7440-28-0 0.007 0.0029 0.01 mg/L Zinc 7440-66-6 1.0 0.011 0.02 mg/L Mercury by SW-846 Method 7470A Mercury 7439-97-6 0.001 0.000125 0.0002 mg/L Dissolved Mercury(Field-Filtered) by Method 7470A Mercury 7439-97-6 0.001 0.000125 0.0002 mg/L Boron by U.S. EPA Method 200.7 Boron 7440-42-8 0.7 0.00975 0.04 mg/L Dissolved Boron (Field-Filtered)by U.S. EPA Method 200.7 Boron 7440-42-8 0.7 0.00975 0.04 mg/L Color by Standard Method 2120B Color COLOR 15 25 25 Color Alkalinity by Standard Method 2320B Alkalinity,Total (As CaCO3) 471-34-1 NS 5 5 mg/L Anions by SW-846 Method 9056 Chloride 16887-00-6 250 0.6 1 mg/L Sulfate 14808-79-8 250 0.5 1 mg/L 8 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 Table 2 Groundwater Analytes and Screening Levels Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Analyte CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units Sulfide by Standard Method 4500S2-D Total Sulfide 18496-25-8 NS 0.022 0.1 mg/L Field Measurements Dissolved Oxygen NS NS NS NS mg/L Oxidation-Reduction Potential NS NS NS NS my pH(l) NS 6.5-8.5 NS NS pH Photoionization Detector NS NS NS NS ppm Specific Conductance NS NS NS NS PS/CM Turbidity NS NS NS NS NTU Dissolved Oxygen NS NS NS NS mg/L Sulfide NS NS NS NS mg/L Ferrous Iron NS NS NS NS mg/L Dioxins/Furans by SW-846 8290A 2,3,7,8-TCDF 51207-31-9 NS 2.02 10 pg/L 2,3,7,8-TCDD 1746-01-6 0.2 2.20 10 pg/L 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF 57117-41-6 NS 2.50 50 pg/L 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF 57117-31-4 NS 1.84 50 pg/L 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 40321-76-4 NS 2.07 50 pg/L 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF 70648-26-9 NS 4.99 50 pg/L 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF 57117-44-9 NS 4.39 50 pg/L 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF 60851-34-5 NS 4.28 50 pg/L 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF 72918-21-9 NS 4.60 50 pg/L 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD 39227-28-6 NS 3.59 50 pg/L 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD 57653-85-7 NS 4.49 50 pg/L 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD 19408-74-3 NS 5.43 50 pg/L 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF 67562-39-4 NS 4.30 50 pg/L 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF 55673-89-7 NS 4.24 50 pg/L 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD 35822-46-9 NS 4.27 50 pg/L OCDF 39001-02-0 NS 10.2 100 pg/L OCDD 3268-87-9 NS 11.1 100 pg/L Total TCDF 55722-27-5 NS 2.02 10 pg/L Total TCDD 41903-57-5 NS 2.20 10 pg/L Total PeCDF 30402-15-4 NS 1.84 100 pg/L 9 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 Table 2 Groundwater Analytes and Screening Levels Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Analyte CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units Total PeCDD 36088-22-9 NS 2.07 50 pg/L Total HxCDF 55684-94-1 NS 4.28 200 pg/L Total HxCDD 34465-46-8 NS 3.59 150 pg/L Total HpCDF 38998-75-3 NS 4.24 100 pg/L Total HpCDD 37871-00-4 NS 4.27 50 pg/L Notes: (1)Due to the short holding time requirement for pH (15 minutes), pH will be measured in the field. CAS No. = Chemical Abstracts Service number NC GW = North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L.0202 Groundwater Standards(April 2022) VOCs = volatile organic compounds pg/L = micrograms per liter NS = not specified SVOCs = semivolatile organic compounds mg/L = milligram per liter mV = millivolts ppm = parts per million PS/cm = microsiemens per centimeter NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Unit pg/L = picogram per liter 10 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 ommma- 3.0 COMPREHENSIVE GROUNDWATER ASSESSMENT PTVE announced in March 2023 that the Mill would be permanently shutdown, and manufacturing operations at the Mill ceased in late May and early June 2023. Also, as previously mentioned, at the recommendations of NCDEQ and USEPA, PTVE is moving forward with the assessment of potential impacts to groundwater associated with historic releases of black liquor at the Site without the assistance of IP or other potentially responsible parties. To properly assess impacts of historic black liquor releases to Site groundwater, a comprehensive groundwater sampling event will be conducted at the Site pending approval from the applicable stakeholders. Protocols for the one-time, comprehensive event will be optimized based on data from the bench test and target current and historical COPCs related to black liquor processed at the Canton Mill. Additionally, to gain further insight to understanding groundwater chemistry, groundwater sampling of select Site wells for an additional suite of analytes will be conducted. The additional analytes are needed to design an effective treatment train and/or to determine in situ dosing requirements for remediation of black liquor in Site groundwater. Therefore, in addition to the analytical parameters listed in Table 2, wells PZ-2, PZ-4, PZ-7, and RW-5 will also be subject to some, or all, of the additional analytes listed in Table 3. These wells were selected based on one or more of the following criteria: wells with previous elevated levels of one or more COPCs wells proximal to known seeps • wells proximal to potential source areas (e.g., sewers, manholes, tanks) • additional well locations may also be considered for the analytes listed below, if deemed appropriate Table 3 Groundwater Analytes for Remedial Considerations Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Anal to CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units Gasoline Range Organics by SW-846 Method 8015 Gasoline Range Organics NS NS 0.0343 0.08 mg/L Diesel Range Organics by SW-846 Method 8015 Diesel Range Organics NS NS 1 0.154 0.5 mg/L Total Recoverable Petroleum Hydrocarbons by U.S. EPA Method 1664 TRPH NS NS 5 5 mg/L 11 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 ommma— Table 3 Groundwater Analytes for Remedial Considerations Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Analyte CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units Dissolved Gases by Method RSK-175 Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 NS TBD TBD mg/L Hydrogen 1333-74-0 NS TBD TBD mg/L Oxygen 7782-44-7 NS TBD TBD mg/L Methane 74-82-8 NS TBD TBD mg/L Ethane 74-84-0 NS TBD TBD mg/L Ethene 74-85-1 NS TBD TBD mg/L Metals by SW-846 Method 6010D Calcium 7440-70-2 NS 0.19 0.5 mg/L Copper 7440-50-8 1 0.0026 0.005 mg/L Iron 7439-89-6 0.3 0.025 0.040 mg/L Magnesium 7439-95-4 NS 0.084 0.5 mg/L Phosphorus 7723-14-0 NS 0.014 0.045 mg/L Potassium 7440-09-7 NS 0.27 1 mg/L Zinc 7440-66-6 1 0.011 0.020 mg/L Dissolved Metals(Field-Filtered) by SW-846 Method 6010D Copper 7440-50-8 1 0.0026 0.005 mg/L Iron 7439-89-6 0.3 0.025 0.040 mg/L Zinc 7440-66-6 1 0.011 0.020 mg/L Carbonate Alkalinity by Standard Method 2320B Carbonate Alkalinity 3812-32-6 NS 5 5 mg/L Chloride by SW-846 Method 9056A Chloride 16887-00-6 250 0.6 1 mg/L Sulfate 14808-79-8 250 0.5 1 mg/L Nitrate as Nitrogen by U.S. EPA Method 353.2 Nitrate as Nitrogen 14797-55-8 10 1 0.01 0.04 mg/L Biochemical Oxygen Demand by Standard Method 5210B Biochemical Oxygen Demand NS NS 1 2 1 2 mg/L Chemical Oxygen Demand by Standard Method 52210B Chemical Oxygen Demand NS NS 12.5 25 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids by Standard Method 2540C Total Dissolved Solids NS NS 25 25 mg/L 12 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 ommma— Table 3 Groundwater Analytes for Remedial Considerations Laboratory Laboratory Method Method Quantitation Detection (Reporting) Analyte CAS No. NC GW Limit Limit Units Total Suspended Solids by Standard Method 2540D Total Suspended Solids NS NS 2.5 2.5 mg/L Total Organic Carbon by Standard Method 5310B Total Organic Carbon NS NS 0.5 1 1 mg/L Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen by U.S. EPA Method 351.2 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen NS NS 0.25 0.5 mg/L Oil and Grease by U.S. EPA Method 1664 Oil and Grease NS NS 1.1 5 mg/L Notes: (1)Analytical method may vary based on the laboratory that is procured. CAS No. = Chemical Abstracts Service number NC GW = North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Groundwater Standards(April 2022) mg/L = milligram per liter NS = not specified TRPH = total recoverable petroleum hydrocarbons TBD = to be determined once a laboratory is procured Data generated from this comprehensive sampling event will be utilized in the decision-making process including, without limitation, the following: • Comprehensive current baseline data set for COPC related to black liquor • Comparison to historic comprehensive Site assessment data sets generated by previous owners • Optimization of any continuing assessment efforts Feasibility of potential remedial actions All field activities associated with this groundwater assessment will be performed in accordance with the Initial Work Plan (Fuel Oil Investigation Work Plan, EnSafe April 2023), which includes the Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) and Quality Assurance Project Plan. Additionally, any activities not specified in the Initial Work Plan document package will be performed in general accordance with 13 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill MSA� Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 U.S. EPA Region 4, Science and Ecosystem Support Division Field Branches Quality System and Technical Procedures, available at https://www.epa.gov/quality/quality-system-and-technical- procedures-Isasd-field-branches. Well Network Inventory The objective of any groundwater monitoring event is to collect a sample that is representative of the current aquifer conditions. Although semi-annual monitoring events have been conducted at the Site by other contractors on behalf of IP since February 2007, the existing well network, depicted on Figure 2, dates back to the mid-1990s and likely needs to be inventoried prior to the comprehensive sampling event. Improvements to any noted deficiencies will be made in consultation with the appropriate agencies. Additionally, to ensure a baseline data set indicative of the current aquifer conditions, select wells may inspected via remote camera and redeveloped as needed. 3.2 Groundwater Sampling Procedures 3.2.1 Groundwater Level Measurements A synoptic round of static water level measurements will be recorded from the existing well network using an electric water level meter in accordance with U.S. EPA Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) LSASDPROC-105-R4. Water level measurements will be collected within the shortest time possible on the same day and no sooner than 24 hours after a significant precipitation event to minimize the precipitation effects on the data sets. Depth-to-water will be measured in units of feet (to the nearest 0.01 foot) from the marked location on the top of the inner well riser and recorded on a water level measurement form. The measuring device will be decontaminated between each monitoring well prior to obtaining measurements. I Groundwater Sample Collection The monitoring wells listed in Table 4 will be purged with Teflon-lined tubing using the tubing-in-screened-interval/low-flow method with a peristaltic pump in accordance with U.S. EPA SOP SESDPROC-301-R4 and SESDPROC-203-R4. During the purging process, the following field parameters will be recorded and monitored for stabilization as specified in U.S. EPA SOP SESDPROC- 111-R4: Dissolved Oxygen — U.S. EPA SOP LSASDPROC-106-R4 • Oxidation-Reduction Potential — U.S. EPA SOP LSASDPROC-113-R3 • pH — U.S. EPA SOP LSASDPROC-100-R5 0 Specific Conductance — U.S. EPA SOP LSASDPROC-101-R7 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill MSA� Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 • Temperature — U.S. EPA SOP SESDPROC-102-R5 • Turbidity — U.S. EPA SOP LSASDPROC-103-R5 • Sulfide — HACH Method 8131 Ferrous Iron — HACH Method 8146 Once parameters have stabilized, representative groundwater samples will be collected into laboratory-supplied bottles in accordance with U.S. EPA SOPs LSASDPROC-011-R6, LSASDPROC-209- R4, and SESDPROC-301-R4. Appendix A addresses required bottle types, preservation requirements, target analytes, analytical methods, and holding times for this investigation. Table 4 Groundwater Sample Locations Screened Interval Location Sample ID (ft bgs) Notes BR-01 BR01WG-MMDDYY 70-100 Full analytical suite from Table 2 BR-02 BR02WG-MMDDYY 93-103 Full analytical suite from Table 2 BR-03 BR03WG-MMDDYY 36-56 Full analytical suite from Table 2 PZ-01 PZ01WG-MMDDYY 7.5-22.5 Full analytical suite from Table 2 PZ-02 PZ02WG-MMDDYY 10-20 Full analytical suite from Table 2 Select analytes for remedial considerations from Table 4 PZ-03 PZ03WG-MMDDYY 8-23 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-04 PZ04WG-MMDDYY 9-24 Full analytical suite from Table 2 Select analytes for remedial considerations from Table 4 PZ-05 PZ05WG-MMDDYY 9-19 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-06 PZ06WG-MMDDYY 17-27 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-07 PZ07WG-MMDDYY 11-26 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 Select analytes for remedial considerations from Table 4 PZ-08 PZ08WG-MMDDYY 8.5-23.8 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-09 PZ09WG-MMDDYY 10-25 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-11 PZ11WG-MMDDYY 9-24 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-12 PZ12WG-MMDDYY 9-24 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-13 PZ13WG-MMDDYY 8.5-23.5 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-14 PZ14WG-MMDDYY 10-20 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-15 PZ15WG-MMDDYY 9-24 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-16 PZ16WG-MMDDYY 6-21 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Caro/Ina June 2023 Table 4 Groundwater Sam le Locations Screened Interval Location Sample ID ft b s Notes PZ-17 PZ17WG-MMDDYY 4-19 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-18 PZ18WG-MMDDYY 4.8-19.8 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-20 PZ20WG-MMDDYY UNK Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 PZ-21 PZ21WG-MMDDYY UNK Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 RW-01 RW01WG-MMDDYY 20-40 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 RW-02 RW02WG-MMDDYY 9-49 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 RW-03 RW03WG-MMDDYY 9-49 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 RW-04 RW04WG-MMDDYY 9-49 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 RW-05 RW05WG-MMDDYY 9-49 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 Select anal tes for remedial considerations from Table 4 RW-06 RW06WG-MMDDYY 10.5-30.5 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 RW-07 RW07WG-MMDDYY 10-40 Full analytical suite listed in Table 2 QA/QC TBD TBD Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicate Frequency 1/20 QA/QC TBD TBD Groundwater Field Duplicate Frequency 1/20 QA/QC EB-MMDDYY N/A Equipment Blank, Frequency 1/week if non dedicated equipment is used Notes: ID = Identification ft = feet bgs = below ground surface MMDDYY = Month, day, and year, ex. February 3, 2023 will be identified as 020323 N/A = not applicable UNK = Unknown TBD = To be determined QA/QC = Quality assurance/quality control EB = Equipment blank 16 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill MSAFE Canton, North Carolina June 2023 4.0 CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL AND OPTIMIZATION OF SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN Analytical results from this comprehensive sampling event will be evaluated to update the CSM regarding the fate and transport of COPC associated with process black liquor. The updated CSM will be used to prioritize assessment and cleanup of certain portions/zones of the Site (as warranted) and ultimately expedite reuse/redevelopment of the property. The baseline data set will also be utilized to generate a consensus-driven optimized SAP Addendum, which will address the sample locations, applicable analytes, and monitoring frequency required for further assessment activities related to black liquor impacts to Site groundwater. Potential data gaps and feasible resolutions will be considered for inclusion in the SAP Addendum. 17 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Carolina June 2023 5.0 REMEDIAL SUMMARY AND FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS As previously mentioned, following the initial emergence of a seep of pulping process liquid known as black liquor in the waters of the Pigeon River in 1994, Champion Paper completed a series of CSAs to assess impacts to groundwater. Table 5 summarizes the assessment and response activities related to black liquor impacts documented in publicly available records. It is our understanding that containment and remedial actions ceased at the Site in 2006 when the recovery system was taken offline by IP, which acquired Champion Paper in or around 2000. Table 5 Timeline and Summary of Remedial Activities Key Site Document Summary of Remedial Activities Site Assessment Plan(Roy F.Weston Listed COPCs Inc. December 1994 RW-1 installed and operating beginning November 1994 CSA(Roy F.Weston Inc.June 1995) RW-1 issues with submersible pump—pneumatic pump installed February 1995 RWs 2 thru 5 installed but not yet operational Champion to investigate infrastructure sewers,sumps,and U-drains CSA Addendum(Roy F.Weston Inc.) February 1996) RW-6&RW-7 installed Entire RW network brought online July 1996 CSA Phase III(Roy F.Weston Inc. Scaling (calcium carbonate &perhaps silica) is a constant problem; RWs rehabilitated in July 1997) April and May 1997 Monthly maintenance of pumps and well screens initiated Agenda from a meeting with IP and Agenda calls for IP's consultant to present information regarding in situ bench and pilot NC Agency Representatives at studies,groundwater modeling,and data trends Canton Mill (February 2003 Documented: • Severe scaling in wells and piping,resulting in reduced performance • Damage to RW pneumatic pumps and compressors by Pigeon River flooding • Recovery system offline since 2004 flood damage Infrastructure improvements to mill piping and drain systems made in 2001 have mitigated impact to groundwater Bench and pilot scale findings summarized: Letter to NCDENR ARO(IP March 2006) Bench scale studies for pH neutralization studies documented generation of a gelatinous precipitate,which could foul the aquifer. pH reduction was deemed not feasible. • Bench scale studies indicated color reduction may be feasible with strong oxidants. Two in-situ pilot studies were completed (the first with ozone in 2003, the second with sodium persulfate in 2005). Ozone treatment was unsuccessful; some success with sodium persulfate was noted, but implementation was noted to be limited due to injection methodology (DPT and need for direct contact) and infrastructure resent onsite. Letter to NCDENR ARO SAP(Earth Tech SAP to NCDENR for review recommending plan to optimize long-term monitoring November 2006) Letter from NCDENR ARO to SAP approval from NCDENR Champion/IP December 2006 NCDENR from IHSB to Champion/IP NCDENR realignment notification and REC Voluntary Cleanup Checklist received from IHSB (September 2007 Letter to NCDENR(IP October 2007) Voluntary Cleanup Checklist submitted to the IHSB. IP declines to enter REC program, and provides summary of response actions to date. Letter to NCDENR(IP May 2008) Indicates that response actions (site monitoring) will continue to be in compliance with November 2006 SAP,noting that additional remedial actions will be planned as warranted. IS Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Carolina June 2023 Notes: More detailed correspondence(e.g., Underground Injection Control Permits,follow-up reports,and correspondence) have not been cited due to the volume of project records. COPC = Constituents of Potential Concern CSA = Comprehensive Site Assessment SAP = Sampling and Analysis Plan RW = Recovery Well GW = Groundwater IP = International Paper(Champion) NCDENR = North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources now Department of Environmental Quality ARO = Asheville Regional Office of North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources NCDEQ = North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality IHSB = Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch of NCDEQ REC = Registered Environmental Consultant—voluntary cleanup program DPT = Direct Push Technology Based on a review of the remedial efforts to date and our experience with groundwater remedial technologies potentially applicable for this Site (e.g., enhanced pump and treat, in situ bioremediation, phytoremediation), understanding Site groundwater chemistry is critical to the viability and success of any remedial action. Therefore, as discussed in Section 3.0, groundwater sampling of select wells for an additional suite of analytes will be conducted. The additional analytes for remedial consideration will aid in closing existing data gaps and assist in designing an effective treatment train and/or to determine in situ dosing requirements for remediation of black liquor in Site groundwater. Additionally, a more precise vertical delineation of residual black liquor in the subsurface is warranted to optimize any remedial actions undertaken at the Site. The methodology and scope of any further delineation will be based on a review of archival data and the forthcoming analytical results prescribed in this Interim Work Plan Addendum. 19 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Carolina June 2023 6.0 DATA COLLECTION AND REPORTING During field activities, EnSafe will use the ArcGIS Field Maps application with Global Positioning System to collect pertinent information and observations for each sampling point. Such information will include location coordinates (sub-meter accuracy, to the extent practicable), photographs, sample and analysis data, field note logs, and other pertinent information. At the completion of each phase of work or task, EnSafe will provide updates via the SharePoint Site with all relevant data. Given the unknowns associated with our current understanding of the volume and extent of impacted subsurface media, this Interim Work Plan serves as an addendum to the Initial Work Plan (formerly referred to as the Fuel Oil Investigation Work Plan) and accompanying Sampling and Analysis Plan, Quality Assurance Project Plan, and Health and Safety Plan, and may require additional amendments to address changing field conditions. Topics not addressed in the Initial Work Plan document package that are relevant to this Interim Work Plan Addendum are addressed herein or in an accompanying appendix. 20 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Carolina June 2023 7.0 TENTATIVE SCHEDULE FOR FIELDWORK The protocols for the one-time comprehensive groundwater sampling event detailed within this Interim Work Plan Addendum will be presented for review and comment from the applicable stakeholders. This project will not commence until the U.S. EPA and NCDEQ have the opportunity to review and comment, after which time EnSafe will implement field activities as soon as practical in consultation with PTVE. 21 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Carolina June 2023 8.0 REFERENCES AECOM/Earth Tech. Semi Annual Groundwater Sampling Reports, Pactiv Evergreen Site. Various Dates. — Groundwater Sampling Plan, to North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 2006, November 28. EnSafe Inc. Technical Memorandum Summary of Response Actions Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill, Canton, North Carolina. March 2023. — Initial Work Plan (i.e., Fue/Oi/Investigation Work Plan). Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill, Canton, North Carolina. April 2023. — Initial Quality Assurance Project Plan (/.e., Fuel O// In vest/gction Quality Assurance ProjectP/an). Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill, Canton, North Carolina. April 2023. — Initial Sampling and Analysis Plan (i,e., Fuel Oil Investigation Sampling and Analysis Plan). Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill, Canton, North Carolina. April 2023. — Initial Health and Safety Plan (/.e., Fuel Oil Investigation Health and Safety Plan). Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill, Canton, North Carolina. April 2023. — Position Paper — Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater. Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill, Canton, North Carolina. May 2023 International Paper. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Meeting Agenda. 2003, February 20. — Path forward on the corrective action at the Blue Ridge Paper Products, Inc. Site, Canton Haywood County Letter from Mr. Thomas C. Richardson to Mr. Qu Q/, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 2006, March 27. — Voluntary Cleanup Checklist for Blue Ridge Paper Products, Inc. Site, Canton Haywood County Letter from Mr. Thomas C. Richardson to Mr. Coffin Day, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 2007, October 31. 22 Interim Work Plan Addendum Comprehensive Sampling and Assessment of Black Liquor Impacts to Groundwater �� Pactiv Evergreen Canton Mill Canton, North Carolina June 2023 Response to Notice of Regulatory Requirements-Blue Ridge Paper Products, Inc. Site, Canton Haywood County, Groundwater Incident #12680 Letter from Mr. Thomas C. Richardson to Mr. Kim Caulk, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 2008, May 23. North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (formerly Department of Environment and Natural Resources) Asheville Regional Office to IP Groundwater Sampling Plan —Approval. 2006, December 21. — North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality IHSB Letter to International Paper RE; Requirements for Containment Assessment and Cleanup (Agency Restructuring& Voluntary Cleanup/RECProgram). 2007, September 21. — Notice of Regulatory Requirements to International Paper. 2008, March 17. — Notice of Regulatory Requirements to International Paper. 2022, April 22. — Notice of Violation to Pactiv Evergreen. 2022, October 20. Roy. F. Weston, Inc. Groundwater Assessment at the Canton Pulp and Paper Mill. 1994, December 15. — Comprehensive Site Assessment Report Canton Pulp and Paper Mill, Canton North Carolina. 1995, June 1. — Comprehensive Site Assessment Addendum Report Canton Pulp and Paper Mill, Canton North Carolina. 1996, January 18. — Comprehensive Site Assessment Phase III Report Canton Pulp and Paper Mill, Canton North Carolina. 1997, July 10. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Quality System and Technical Procedures for LSASD Field Branches. https://www.epa.gov/quality/quality-system-and-technical- procedures-Isasd-field-branches. Last Update 2022, February 7. Figures �N0 th`anton, A _ {n Community -�H'CANrOIyRD 01 EDGAR LN. � / r -SERVICE RD ..__� r r 215 -•� .• •� off. r Gw EN qIE p {� -Ai1ERDR Nip 1,0 Flbr 1 F.- Gall 41 OAVIS HILL RD Smathec w ti FO� INGIIS FII( CYp�RQ '�' Cemet@rl LP`� `�. Ca17tQ { n .. C.qp b� �' .1r�•� 19 -- 23 GD RO SPRING s 4 LLS�I) PENNSY _T - '�'•'I{I i;'i N1C CVANIA AVE SS L --HOrzecAw sr `' ,;tGilis 200 ENGLAND:RD - _ J0H'SOIy.DR., SUBSTAr10N:RD LRKEVI£{yp_ -A PISGAH SCHOOL RD - H4Y 0Qp 2800 Lf AL N d !F �.. �o� Fy ❑ _ FIGURE 1 p4ry0�. 215 ry o� - SITE LOCATION MAP 110r a -� PACTIV EVERGREEN CANTON MILL CANTON, NORTH CAROLINA NAD 1983 STATE PLANE REQUESTED BY: TD MSAI:r LEGEND NORTH CAROLINA FEET DRAWN BY: MS 0 1,000 2,000 O APPROXIMATE SUBJECT PROPERTY BOUNDARY DATE: 3/31/2023 Creative thinking.Customsolutions. w SCALE IN FEET PROJECT: Z000000005 800.588.7962 Iw .ensafe.com X Source:U.S.Geological Survey.Canton Quadrangle,North Carolina[Map].Photorevised 2022.1:24,000.7.5 Minute Series. N PZ-5 o RW-1 - t t PZ-6 o +BR 1r.�.. p, PZ-14R ,* ''lJ PZ-7 RW-2 BR-2 o o NPZ-9 ti Y. RW-3 o PZ-3 S� RW PZ-4 : �- PZ-20 0 ;f RW-5 o RW=6 'a 4'v 8 W PZ-12- � RW-7 ,�• 1 , s PZ�16 • .. + w - PZ"17 d _ FIGURE 2 EXISTING WELL NETWORK MAP PACTIV EVERGREEN CANTON MILL .:: CANTON, NORTH CAROLINA NAD 1983 STATE PLANE REQUESTED BY: TD MSAILZ NORTH CLINA FEET LEGEND 0 100 00 DRAWN BY: RK o WELL LOCATION DATE: 4/28/2023 Creative thinking.Custom solutions. SCALE IN FEET PROJECT: 0888834351 800.588.7962 I-ensafe.com X Source:Google Earth Pro Imagery-04/2022 Appendix A Sampling Analysis Requirements Appendix A Analytical Information Black Liquor—Constituents of Potential Concern: Appendix A Table 1 Black Liquor Constituents of Potential Concern* Sample Containers, Preservation,and Holding Times for Groundwater Samples Preservation Maximum Holding Analytical Group Analytical Method Containers Requirements Time VOCs SW-846 Method (3) 40 mL glass vials pH<2 with HCI 14 days to analysis 8260D SW-846 Method (2) 100 mL amber No preservative, 7 days to extraction; SVOCs 8270E glass containers store at <6°C 14 days from extraction to analysis SW-846 Method (2) 1 L amber No preservative, 30 days to extraction; Dioxins/Furans* 8290A glass containers store at <6°C 45 days from extraction to analysis SW-846 Method All metals except Metals 6010D/7470A, EPA 500 mL plastic bottle pH<2 with HNO3 mercury: 180 days; Method 200.7 Mercury: 28 days Standard Method 250 mL unpreserved No preservative, Color 2120B plastic bottle store at <6°C 48 hours Standard Method 250 mL unpreserved No preservative, Alkalinity 2320B plastic bottle store at <6°C 14 days Anions SW-846 Method 250 mL unpreserved No preservative, Chloride and sulfate: 9056A plastic bottle store at <6°C 28 days Sulfide Standard Method 125 mL plastic bottle pH>9 with zinc 7 days 4500-S2-D acetate and NaOH Notes: VOCs = volatile organic compounds mL = milliliter HCI = hydrochloric acid SVOCs = semivolatile organic compounds L = liter EPA = United States Environmental Protection Agency HNO3 = nitric acid NaOH = sodium hydroxide * = Not believed to be a constituent of process black liquor but may have entered waste stream Additional Groundwater Analytes for Remedial Considerations: Appendix A Table 2 Additional Groundwater Analytes Sample Containers, Preservation and Holding Times for Groundwater Samples Preservation Maximum Holding Analytical Group Analytical Method Containers Requirements Time GRO SW-846 Method (3)40 mL amber pH<2 with HCI, 14 days to analysis 8015 glass vials store at <6°C SW-846 Method (2) 250 mL amber No preservative, DRO 8015 lass containers store at <6°C 7 days to analysis 2 (1) L amber glass pH<2 with HCI TRPH EPA Method 1664 containers store at <6°C� 28 days Dissolved Gases RSK-175 (3)40 mL amber pH<2 with HCI, 14 days to analysis lass vials store at <6°C Metals SW-846 Method 500 mL plastic bottle pH<2 with HNO3 180 days 6010D 1 Appendix A Analytical Information Appendix A Table 2 Additional Groundwater Analytes Sample Containers, Preservation,and Holding Times for Groundwater Samples Preservation Maximum Holding Analytical Group Analytical Method Containers Requirements Time Sulfur ASTM D4329 250 mL plastic bottle No preservative, 180 days store at <6 C Standard Method 250 mL unpreserved No preservative, Alkalinity 2320B plastic bottle store at <6°C 14 days SW-846 Method 250 mL unpreserved No preservative, Chloride 9056A plastic bottle store at <6°C 28 days Standard Method pH>9 with zinc Sulfide 4500-S2-D 125 mL plastic bottle acetate and NaOH, 7 days store at <6°C Nitrate as Nitrogen EPA 353.2 250 mL unpreserved No preservative, 48 hours plastic bottle store at <6 C Biochemical Oxygen Standard Method 1 L unpreserved No preservative, 48 hours Demand 5210B plastic bottle store at <6°C Chemical Oxygen 52210B 125 mL plastic bottle pH>9 H2SO4, 28 days Demand store at <6°C Total Dissolved Standard Method 500 mL unpreserved No preservative, 7 days Solids 2540C plastic bottle store at <6°C Total Suspended Standard Method 1 L unpreserved No preservative, 7 days Solids 2540D plastic bottle store at <6°C Total Organic Carbon Standard Method (3)40 mL amber pH>9 H3PO4, 28 days 5310B glass vials store at <6 C Total Kjeldahl EPA 351.2 125 mL plastic bottle pH>9 H2SO4, 28 days Nitro en store at <6 C 2 (1) L amber glass pH<2 with HCI, Oil and Grease EPA Method 1664 containers store at <6°C 28 days Notes: GRO = gasoline range organics mL = milliliter < = less than HCI = hydrochloric acid °C = degrees Celsius DRO = diesel range organics TRPH = total recoverable petroleum hydrocarbons EPA = United Stages Environmental Protection Agency L = liter HNO3 = nitric acid NaOH = sodium hydroxide H2SO4 = sulfuric acid H3PO4 = phosphoric acid 2 Appendix B Work Plan Sampling and Analysis Plan Quality Assurance Project Plan