NCS000247_Winston Salem 2021 Annual Report_20210928

September 28, 2021

Ms. Jeanette Powell
Environmental Engineer
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Energy, Mineral, and Land Resources
Stormwater Permitting Section
1612 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1612

Subject: City of Winston-Salem
NPDES Stormwater Permit # NCS000247
FY 2020-2021 Stormwater NPDES Annual Report

Dear Ms. Powell:

I am pleased to present the City of Winston-Salem’s FY 2020-2021
Stormwater NPDES Annual Report, as per our permit requirement.

Thank you for your continued support and professional expertise to the city
of Winston-Salem’s Stormwater Management Program. If you have any
inquiries or need additional information, please feel free to contact me at
[phone].

Sincerely,

Keith D. Huff

Keith D. Huff
Field Operations Director

2

City of Winston-Salem
Field Operations Department
Stormwater & Erosion Control Divisions
Permit Number: NCS000247

FY 2020 – 2021
Permit Year #3

September 2021
3

Table of Contents

SECTION 1: Stormwater Management Program Overview …………………………………….4

SECTION 2: Storm Sewer System Information………………………………………………....7

SECTION 3: Receiving Streams…………………………………………………………………9

SECTION 4: Existing Water Quality Programs………………………………………………...11

SECTION 5: Permitting Information ……………………….......................................................12

SECTION 6: Co-Permitting Information………………………………………………………..14

SECTION 7: Reliance on other Governmental Entities……………………………................... 14

SECTION 8: Public Education and Outreach…………………………………………………...15

SECTION 9: Public Involvement and Participation…………………………………………….21

SECTION 10: Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination…………………………………. ….25

SECTION 11: Construction Site Runoff Controls…………………………………………….... 29

SECTION 12: Post-Construction Site Runoff Controls……………………………………….....34

SECTION 13: Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations… …....40

SECTION 14: Monitor and Evaluate Stormwater Discharges to Municipal Systems…………...47

SECTION 15: Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring……………………………………....50

SECTION 16: Total Maximum Daily Loads……………………………………………………..52

APPENDICES:

Appendix A - Organizational Chart of Staff Responsible for NPDES Permit

Appendix B - NPDES Industrial & Municipal Good Housekeeping Inspections for FY 2020-2021

Appendix C - Fixed Interval Data for FY 2020-2021

Appendix D – Overview Map of Fixed Interval Monitoring Locations

Appendix E – TMDL Data for FY 2020-2021

Appendix F – Five-year Capital Improvement Project List for FYs 2021–2026

4

1. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM OVERVIEW

MISSION STATEMENT

The mission of Stormwater Management is to restore, protect, and preserve the surface waters within the
City of Winston-Salem and to maintain, repair, map, and evaluate drainage systems within the street right-
of-ways.

PROGRAM DESCRIPTIONS

Stormwater Monitoring and Administration: Manages the day-to-day operations of the Stormwater
Management Program. Implements the requirements of the City’s Municipal Separate Storm Sewer
System (MS4) permit. Performs watershed master planning by developing maps and inventories of the
entire drainage system within the City. Monitors stormwater run-off as part of the program’s efforts to
improve water quality. Provides educational programming to increase public awareness of water quality
issues.

Drainage Maintenance: Repairs, replaces, and upgrades the City’s drainage system within street right-of-
ways. Provides for drainage system repairs on private property through the 70/30 program in which the
City covers 70% of the cost for qualified projects. Removes debris from culverts and bridge abutments
with many streams and creeks.

Erosion Control: Provides for the enforcement of regulations pertaining to land-disturbing activity,
watershed and floodplain requirements by reviewing development plans and issuing grading permits for
all commercial and multi-family sites over 10,000 square feet in all areas of Forsyth County, excluding
Kernersville. Monitors single family construction sites to ensure that sediment is controlled. Identifies
tree save and potential critical areas, controls sedimentation, and limits the time of exposure on all
applicable construction sites through plan review and field inspection. Maintains up-to-date floodway
district maps to enforce floodway and floodway fringe regulations contained in the Unified Development
Ordinance. Reviews survey and plan information and conducts field inspections to ensure that permitted
structures comply with floodplain regulations. Enforces watershed regulations for density and impervious
coverage on developed properties.

Street Sweeping: Regenerative street sweepers are used year-around to remove litter, debris, and sediment
from roads. Sweeping protects water quality by preventing materials from entering the storm drains. All
debris swept is disposed of in the sanitary landfill.

EXPENDITURES AND REVENUES SUMMARY

EXPENDITURES BY PROGRAM Actual Budget Adopted Percent
Monitoring and Administration FY 18-19 FY 19-20 FY 20-21 Change
Administration $3,005,807 $3,335,450 $3,474,540 4.2%
Water Quality Monitoring 635,259 1,293,820 1,302,540 0.7%
Support for Seasonal Leaf Collection 1,813,920 1,867,520 1,857,630 0.5%
Subtotal $5,454,986 $6,496,790 $6,634,710 2.1%

Drainage Maintenance $2,788,445 $3,643,440 $3,559,550 -2.3%
Erosion Control 373,588 383,690 386,930 0.8%
Street Sweeping 321,290 411,810 408,390 -0.8%

Total Expenditures by Program $8,938,309 $10,935,730 $10,989,580 0.5%
5

RESOURCES BY TYPE Actual Budget Adopted Percent
Stormwater Fees: FY 18-19 FY 19-20 FY 20-21 Change
Residential $4,259,986 $4,250,000 $4,250,000 0%
Non-Residential 6,071,260 5,950,000 5,950,000 0%
Replacement Fee 70,951 60,000 40,810 -32.0%
Miscellaneous Revenues 50,699 14,000 3,000 -79.0%
Interest Income 1,242,907 0 0 0%
Interfund Charges 58,833 0 0 0%
Forsyth County 98,934 109,350 82,370 -24.7%
Erosion Control Revenues 202,728 173,600 173,600 0%
Fund Balance Appropriation 0 378,780 489,800 29.0%

Total Resources by Type $12,056,299 $10,935,730 $10,989,580 0.5%

Addition to Fund Balance $3,117,990 $0 $0 0%

POSITION SUMMARY

Amended Amended Adopted
POSITIONS FY 18-19 FY 19-20 FY 20-21 Change
Full-Time 56 56 56 0

PERFORMANCE MEASURES AND SERVICE TRENDS

Actual
FY 18-19
Estimated
FY 19-20
Projected
FY 20-21
Effectiveness
Respond to 100% of illicit discharge complaints by citizens within 24
hours 100% 100% 100%
Complete 100% of compliance schedules for water quality resolutions
within 30 days 100% 100% 100%
Complete 100% of plan reviews within 10 days of receipt 100% 100% 100%
Provide 30 federally required educational programs a year 54 45 50
Ensure 100% of stormwater devices are built in accordance with
approved plans 100% 100% 100%
Complete 90% of erosion control initial reviews within 10 days for
development projects 100% 100% 100%
Keep 80% of active development sites in compliance (when inspected) 79% 75% 80%

6

BUDGET HIGHLIGHTS – Continued

FY 2019-20 Year-End Outlook
- The following table provides estimated year-end revenues and expenditures for Stormwater
Management operations. Capital project revenues and expenditures are not included.

Budgeted
FY19-20
Estimated
FY19-20
Operating Revenues $10,935,730 $11,135,648
Operating Expenditures (10,935,730) (10,491,130)
Operating Income $0 $644,518
Debt and Lease Expense (1,692,150) (1,692,150)
Transfer to General Fund (1,876,720) (2,066,260)
Transfer to Solid Waste (189,540) (189,540)
Transfer to Water/Sewer (120,720) (120,720)
Net Income ($3,879,130) ($3,424,152)

Long Range Financial Outlook

- The following chart provides a projection of the Stormwater Management fund balance. This
outlook includes capital project expenditures, assuming all future projects are pay-as-you-go.

$25.5 $26.2
$23.1
$20.6
$18.1 $17.2
$-
$5.0
$10.0
$15.0
$20.0
$25.0
$30.0
FY 17-18
Actual
FY 18-19
Actual
FY 19-20
Estimated
FY 20 -21
Projected
FY 21-22
Projected
FY 22-23
ProjectedMillionsStormwater Management Fund Balance
7

2. STORM SEWER SYSTEM INFORMATION

2.1 Population Served:
Winston-Salem is in the northwestern area of the Piedmont Region of North Carolina. Situated in
Forsyth County, Winston-Salem is the fifth largest city in North Carolina and has an estimated
population of 249,545 citizens (based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau, as of July 1, 2020).

2.2 Growth Rate:
The City of Winston-Salem increased its population size by 8.00 percent from April 1, 2010 to July 1,
2019, while the State of North Carolina grew at the rate of 10.0 percent during the same period.

2.3 Jurisdictional and MS4 Service Areas:
The City of Winston-Salem does not have any ETJ areas currently. The square mile area for the City is
132.45.
2.3a Latitude of Center of MS4 Area: 36 degrees 06’ 9.95” N
Longitude of Center of MS4 Area: 80 degrees 15’ 37.77” W
2.3b Storm Sewer Service Area (square miles): 132.45

2.4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4):

The City of Winston-Salem is authorized to discharge stormwater from its municipal separate storm
sewer system (MS4) into the waters of the State of North Carolina. A National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) permit is the legal mechanism that allows the City of Winston-Salem to
discharge stormwater runoff into streams. All six minimum measures, which govern the City of
Winston-Salem’s Stormwater Program, are contained within this permit.

The City of Winston-Salem is delineated into 17 different sub-watersheds that drain the City and its
surrounding area. The streams, within these sub-watersheds, flow in a southwesterly direction into
Lower Muddy Creek; the original fifteen watersheds had stormwater masterplans developed for staff by a
consultant. Current objectives of masterplan efforts include providing a comprehensive update of the
existing storm sewer inventory (contained within public, private, and industrial properties), identify
existing and future areas of flooding based on existing and future development patterns, and assess the
impacts of stormwater discharges on the quality of Winston-Salem’s streams. Information obtained from
those plans show that Winston-Salem has approximately 538 miles of stormwater conveyance piping and
39,818 infrastructure devices, which includes catch basins and manholes. Based on the city’s current
GIS layer, there are approximately 547 miles of perennial and intermittent streams within the municipal
boundaries of Winston-Salem.
2.4a MS4 maintenance activities:

Cave-in reports are responded to within 24 hours of first knowledge of occurrence with simple repairs
being completed within 72 hours. Maintenance activities include the following services of catch basin
inspection and cleaning, pipe repair, replacement and upgrade projects, ditching (performed by hired
contractors or in-house crews), and street sweeping activities are performed by in-house services.

8

2.5 Land Use Composition Estimates:

The land use estimates below are from the City of Winston-Salem Planning Department (source: The
Legacy 2030, Table 4-1)

Land Use Classification
Residential 43.14 %
Commercial 2.81 %
Industrial 3.32 %
Parks/Open Space 2.09 %
Institutional 2.94 %
Right-of-Way 8.15 %
Office/Office Commercial 0.46 %
Agricultural 15.71 %
Vacant 20.97%
Utility 0.41%
TOTAL 100.0%

2.6 Estimate Methodology:

Classifications are based on zoning districts with the corresponding acreage versus the total acreage of
the City of Winston-Salem. For this assessment, schools have been calculated as institutional purposes
and parks are listed separately (typically included in the residential classification).

2.7 TMDL Identification:

The North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) has detected standard violations of
turbidity and chlorophyll a at High Rock Lake, which is 25 miles south of Winston-Salem. A TMDL is
currently being developed for wastewater point sources within the High Rock Lake Watershed, which
indirectly receives stormwater discharges from the City’s MS4. The main contributing river to High
Rock Lake is the Yadkin River, in which Muddy Creek discharges into near the Forsyth-Davidson
County border.

NCDEQ determined that the Salem Creek Watershed is biologically impaired due to excessive fecal
coliform concentrations. As a result, the Stormwater Division continues to perform water sampling to
determine pollutant origin sources of fecal coliform loading into Salem Creek. The City of Winston-
Salem revised its TMDL Sampling Plan in 2019, which resulted in 22 water sampling sites being selected
throughout Salem, Peters, and Brushy Fork Watersheds. Stormwater staff will perform basic statistical
analyses of collected water quality samples; once a sufficient population of data points exists to discern
an observable trend, staff will report its findings to NCDEQ.

In November 2011, NCDEQ issued a final report for turbidity impairment of the Muddy Creek
Watershed. The Muddy Creek TMDL designates the City of Winston-Salem’s MS4 as a significant
contributor of turbidity (i.e. total suspended solids) pollution. A waste load allocation (WLA) was not
assigned to the City’s NPDES permit; however, total suspended solids loading (ton per a day) must be
reduced by 58 percent. In accordance with its NPDES permit, the city must evaluate strategies and adapt
BMPs to reduce TSS loading within the Muddy Creek Watershed.

9

3. RECEIVING STREAMS

Major River Basin: Yadkin Pee-Dee

Name and Identification Number of the Primary Receiving Streams and Impoundments:
The following inventory receives stormwater runoff from the MS4 jurisdictional area. All streams and
impoundments are located within the Yadkin-Pee Dee River Basin.

Use Classifications:
WS-III: Water Supply Watershed
C: Aquatic Life Propagation and Biological Integrity and Secondary Recreation
Purposes
I: Impaired
S: Supporting

Table 3.1 Yadkin-Pee Dee River Basin

Receiving Stream
Name
Stream
Segment
Water Quality
Classification
Use Support
Rating
Water Quality
Issues
Clinard Lake 12-94-7-7 C S
Crystal Lake 12-94-7-6 C S
Dalton Pond 12-94-7-1-1 C S
Five Mile Branch 12-94-7-1 C S
Grassy Creek 12-94-7-3 C S
Jones Pond 12-94-7-1-2 C S
Leak Fork 12-94-7-4 C S
Little Creek 12-94-11 C S A major tributary of Muddy
Creek
Mill Creek 12-94-7 C S A major tributary of Muddy
Creek
Monarcas Creek 12-94-7-5 C S
Muddy Creek 12-94-(0.5) C I TMDL approved for turbidity
– 58% TSS reduction
Ogburn Branch 12-94-7-2 C S

10

Brushy Fork 12-94-12-6 C S A major tributary to Salem
Creek
Brushy Fork
Branch
12-94-12-6-
1-1
C S
Burke Creek 12-94-12-9 C S
Fiddlers Creek 12-94-13-3 C S A major tributary of Muddy
Creek
Fishers Branch 12-94-12-2-
2-(2)
WS-III;C S
Frazier Creek 12-94-12-6-
1
C S
Hines Lake 12-94-13-2-
1
C S
Kerners Mill Creek 12-94-12-2-
(0.3)
WS-III S
Kerners Mill Creek 12-94-12-2-
(1.5)
WS-III;C S
Leak Creek 12-94-13-7 C S
Lowery Mill Creek 12-94-12-3-
(2)
WS-III;C S
Mallard Lake 12-91-1 WS-IV S
Myers Pond 12-94-12-5 C S
Perryman Branch 12-94-13-5 C S
Peters Creek 12-94-12-8 C S A major tributary to Salem
Creek
Salem Creek 12-94-12-(1) WS-III;C S A major tributary of Muddy
Creek
Salem Creek 12-94-12-(4) C I TMDL approved for fecal
coliform reduction.
Sawmill Branch 12-94-13-2 C S
Sides Branch

12-94-13-6 C S
South Fork Muddy
Creek
12-94-13 C S A major tributary of Muddy
Creek
11

4. EXISTING WATER QUALITY PROGRAMS

Local Programs

Water Supply Watershed Protection – The Salem Lake Watershed Protection Ordinance is in place to
provide regulations, which protect drinking water quality in the Salem Lake Watershed. These
regulations meet or exceed the minimum regulations established by the North Carolina Environmental
Management Commission under the provisions of the Water Supply Watershed Protection Act of 1989.

Floodway and Floodway Fringe Regulations – Winston-Salem has adopted floodway and floodway
fringe regulations to control alteration of natural drainage patterns, control development and to ensure
stream velocities are not significantly increased.

Erosion and Sediment Control – The City of Winston-Salem and Forsyth County is a locally-delegated
program that enforces the North Carolina Sedimentation Pollution Control Act of 1973. The Erosion
Control Ordinance regulates certain land disturbing activities to control accelerated erosion and
sedimentation to prevent the pollution of water and other damage to lakes and watercourses.

NPDES MS4 Phase I Permit – The City was issued a new stormwater permit that became effective
October 10, 2018. Program components include public education and outreach, public involvement and
participation, illicit discharge detection and elimination, construction site runoff controls, post-
construction site runoff controls, and pollution prevention and good housekeeping for municipal
operations.

Code Enforcement Section of the Neighborhood Services Division – Enforcement of the sanitation
code relating to weeded lots, shrubbery, solid waste in yards and curbside trash. It also includes vector
control in the storm drainage system, sanitary sewers (manholes), and along creek beds.

Other programs that support water quality within the City of Winston-Salem:
1. Emergency Spill Response by Winston-Salem/Forsyth County Emergency
Management Division
2. 3RC, a Household Hazardous Material Disposal Facility
3. Forsyth County Department of Health for failing septic tank systems
4. Forsyth Creek Week by City of Winston-Salem Stormwater/Erosion Control Division
5. Adopt-a-Street by Keep Winston-Salem Beautiful
6. Big Sweep of local streams by Stormwater/Erosion Control Division and Keep
Winston-Salem Beautiful
7. Recycle Today, the City of Winston Salem’s household recycling program
8. Vegetative material composting by the City’s Sanitation Division

12

State Programs
1. Stormwater NPDES Permit Compliance – Stormwater staff collaborates with
DEMLR, WSRO regarding industrial inspections, illicit discharges and releases (if
needed), water quality issues, and erosion control complaints for public projects.

5. PERMITTING INFORMATION

5.1 Responsible Party Contact List

Contact Information Plan Component Delegated Responsibilities
Aaron King
Assistant City Manager
336-747-7068
[e-mail]
Overall
Administration Delegated Signing Official for NPDES correspondence.
Keith Huff
Field Operations Director
336-747-6962
[e-mail]
Administration of
Phase I Program
Components
* Overall implementation of Phase I permit and Council-
mandated program components
* Supervises MS4 maintenance activities
Andy Allen
Assistant Stormwater
Director
336-747-6968
[e-mail]
Creation and
Implementation of
Water Quality Phase
I Permit Programs

* Supervises Erosion Control Section
* Supervises Stormwater Field Operations
* Stormwater Annual Report creation and submittal
* Creation of Stormwater Management Plan
* NPDES Program Evaluation Analyst

Vacant
Senior Community Educator
336-747-6960

Public Education &
Outreach

Public Involvement
& Participation
* Website design and maintenance
* Distribute educational information
* Development of brochures, flyers
* Presentations
* Participates in community events
* Adopt-a-stream
Joe Fogarty
Stormwater Engineer
336-747-6961
[e-mail]
Post-Construction
Stormwater Site
Runoff Controls
* Post-construction SCM Plan Reviews
* Annual Stormwater BMP inspections
Vacant
Special Projects Coordinator
Preservation of
Surface Waters &
Capital Improvement
Projects
* Responsible for the coordination and implementation of
stormwater and environmental assessment projects
Todd Love
Sr. Civil Engineer
336-734-1318
[e-mail]
Capital Improvement
Projects for the MS4
* Responsible for the oversight of all right-of-way
drainage improvement projects within the City’s
boundaries
* Stormwater CIP Creation & Implementation of water
quality and infrastructure projects
13

Neil Uldrick
Civil Engineer
336-747-6919
[e-mail]
MS4 Drainage &
Infrastructure
* Responds to citizens’ drainage complaints and
facilitates 70/30 cost share projects on private property
* Designs and implements engineered solutions for
private property drainage projects
* CCTV inspection and assessment services of private
property drainage systems
Vacant
Stormwater Inspector
336-747-6965

Pollution Prevention
for Municipal
Goodhousekeeping
& Industrial
Inspection Programs
* Pollution prevention inspections for municipal and
permitted industrial facilities
* SPPP creation and implementation for municipal
operations and facilities
* IDDE complaint investigations
* Water quality stream sampling
Ladonta ‘Jamal’ Clark
Stormwater Operations
Supervisor
336-747-6964
[e-mail]
IDDE

WQ Assessment and
Monitoring Plan

Municipal
Goodhousekeeping

Industrial Inspection
Program

TMDL
Implementation Plan
* IDDE Investigative and Compliance Supervisor
* Stream-walking/Dry Weather Screening
* WQI/SSO Field Parameter screening
* TMDL Implementation Plan
* Supervises Stormwater Technicians
* Supervises Stormwater Inspector
* Impervious surface area investigations
* Stormwater GIS Coordinator
Matthew Osborne
Erosion Control/Floodplain
Program Manager
336-747-7453
[e-mail]
Construction Site
Stormwater Runoff
Control
* Regulate certain land disturbing activities pursuant to
the North Carolina Sedimentation Pollution Control Act
of 1973.
* Floodplain Management and Ordinance Enforcement
*Water Supply Watershed Protection Ordinance
* FEMA mitigation projects for flood-prone structures
* Supervisors the Erosion Control Inspectors
Lance Covington
Deputy Director
City Yard, Field Operations
336-734-1550
[e-mail]
MS4 Maintenance
* Inspection and maintenance activities of the MS4 right-
of-way conveyance system
* CCTV inspection and assessment services of the MS4
right-of-way conveyance system
* ORC of City Dewatering Facility for MS4 Cleaning
Dewatering
Johnita Campbell
Sanitation Director
336-747-6987
[e-mail]
Street Sweeping

Seasonal Leaf
Collection
* Removal of leaf matter and debris from curb and gutter
system
* Administers street sweeping operations of public streets
and roads

5.2 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

The Stormwater Division’s organizational chart is enclosed within Appendix A.

5.3 SIGNING OFFICIAL

The Winston-Salem City Council has authorized Mr. Aaron King, Assistant City Manager, as the signing
official and appropriate person to sign the permit application.

14

5.4 DULY AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE

The permit application responsibility is not being delegated to another individual and/or position than
the signing official.

6. CO-PERMITTING INFORMATION

Not applicable to the City of Winston-Salem. The City of Winston-Salem will not be co-permitting
with any other Phase I community.

7. RELIANCE ON OTHER GOVERNMENT ENTITY

The City of Winston-Salem will not rely on another government entity for permit compliance. However,
the City of Winston-Salem will pursue the collective sharing of resources and knowledge with other
Phase II communities, as the need arises.

15

8. PUBLIC EDUCATION and OUTREACH

Objectives:

1. Distribute educational materials to the community.

2. Conduct public outreach activities.

3. Raise public awareness on the causes and impacts of stormwater pollution.

4. Inform the public on steps they can take to reduce or prevent stormwater pollution.

The following BMP tables represent a combination of on-going activities, as well as some innovative
pilot projects designed to achieve NPDES compliance. The Stormwater Public Education and
Outreach program has been in existence for several years and designed to inform citizens, business
owners, civic groups, and organizations about how they can make a difference to reduce stormwater
pollution.

8.1. BMP Summary Table
BMP Measurable Goals PY
18-19
PY
19-20
PY
20-21
PY
21-22
PY
22-23
RESPONSIBLE
POSITION/PARTY
a
Describe
target
pollutants
and target
pollutant
sources
1. Total Suspended
Solids
2. Fecal Coliforms
3. Nutrients
4. Oil & Grease
5. Litter and Trash
x x x x x Senior Community
Educator
b
Describe
target
audiences
1. Construction Site
Operators
2. Homeowner
Associations
3. Landscape
Professionals
4. Hispanic
Community
5. School-age Children
x x x x x

Senior Community
Educator

c Informational
Website
On a quarterly basis,
the Senior Community
Educator reviewed and
updated the
Stormwater Division’s
webpage, as needed.
x x x x x

Senior Community
Educator

Marketing and
Communication Section

d
Distribute
Public
Education
Materials to
Identified
User Groups
1. Homeowners
2. Commercial
/Industrial Businesses
3. Turf grass
professionals
4. Classrooms
5. Hispanic
Community
x x x x x

Senior Community
Educator

16

e
Promote and
Maintain a
Stormwater
Hotline
The Stormwater
Division Hotline was
maintained for
continuous operation
for the public to report
illicit activity and
obtain information on
volunteer opportunities
during PY 2020-2021.
x x x x x
CityLink

Senior Community
Educator
f
Implement a
Public
Education
and Outreach
Program
1. Informational
posters
2. Targeted direct mail
campaigns
3. Public meetings
4. Public events
5. Presentations to
businesses and
classrooms
6. Distribution of
promotional give-a-
ways
7. Distribution of ‘new
homeowner’
information
8. TV infomercials
Channel 13 (on local
cable access)

x x x x x Senior Community
Educator

Best Management Practices (BMPs) for Public Education and Outreach

8.1(a) Describe Target Pollutants, Sources, and Audiences: The Stormwater Division uses three
resources in order to identify and target pollutants of concern within local waterways of
Winston-Salem: regulatory requirements, fixed interval stream sampling, and historical illicit
discharge detection and elimination reports. Regulatory requirements are derived from Total
Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) that the City of Winston Salem must reduce waste load
allocations to Muddy and Salem Creeks (currently, the High Rock Lake TMDL is pending). For
the Muddy Creek TMDL, the pollutant of concern is turbidity (i.e. TSS). Most probable sources
of turbidity (TSS) loading include construction sites, in-stream channel erosion, and industrial
sites. Fecal coliform is the pollutant of concern from Salem Creek Watershed. Bacterial source
tracking (BST) confirmed that sanitary sewer overflows, pet waste, and wildlife populations
contribute to fecal coliform pollution. Once the High Rock Lake TMDL is approved, nutrients
will be target pollutants of concern. Fecal coliform and turbidity pollution degrade biotic
integrity, thus impairing the reproduction cycle of aquatic life within streams.
The Stormwater Division performs quarterly, fixed interval sampling to determine pollutant
exceedances (when compared to Water Quality Redbook Standards) within streams. Since
samples are collected during various weather conditions (e.g. dry, first flush, descending portion
of a hydrograph, etc.), an accurate assessment of target pollutants has been established. Since
2011, the Stormwater Division has observed City-wide trending sample data that consistently
shows evaluated concentrations of numerous pollutants. These pollutants of concern consist of
turbidity (i.e. TSS), fecal coliform, and nutrients (i.e. total nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total
phosphorus, and dissolved phosphorus). Probable sources of nutrient exportation include
excessive residential and commercial fertilizer applications, sanitary sewer overflows,
atmospheric deposition on impervious surfaces, industrial facilities, and commercial car-washing
17

activities. Nutrient loading depletes available dissolved oxygen concentrations for aquatic life
due to excessive algal blooms, thus affecting water resources. Scientific research has proven that
litter and debris transport nutrients within our waterways. Litter and debris can also serve as
surrogates for other pollutants due to being more visible and tangible to the public.

Historical illicit discharge detection and elimination (IDDE) reports indicate that hydrocarbon oil
and grease is the most frequently released pollutant of concern within the City of Winston-
Salem. Automobile repair businesses, car salvage facilities, nonpoint oil spills/leaks on public
streets, industrial entities, and commercial car-washing operations are sources of oil and grease
pollution. Oil and grease float on the stream surface and obstruct sunlight, which is needed by
aquatic fauna and flora. In addition, hydrocarbon oil and grease damage riverine habitat and
sensitive spawning areas due soil adsorption. Since contaminated soil particles settle at the
bottom of spawning beds, fish cannot reproduce and eventually, vanish from the stream.

The Stormwater Division has identified numerous audiences for public outreach and education
activities due to their potential risk of releasing targeted pollutants. Residents use lawn care
products, dispose of household hazardous waste, own pets, and perform routine maintenance on
their cars. Materials have been developed targeting residents to educate them about lawn care,
household hazardous waste disposal, pet waste, and automotive maintenance. Programs or
workshops, such as Carolina Yards & Neighborhoods, address fertilizer and pesticide usage and
pet waste. Other materials have been developed to address automotive maintenance for
businesses and stormwater volunteer opportunities. The Hispanic population is a growing
segment within the city of Winston-Salem. General stormwater pollution information has been
developed for this demographic as well as translations of current outreach materials in order to
reach the Hispanic community in Winston-Salem. School-age children participate in Creek
Crawls, an in-stream learning-experience concerning water quality issues and the difference
between healthy and impaired streams. The overall goal from extensive school-age children
education is to influence adult behavior, thus eliminating pollution-enhancing practices. A
Stormwater Inspector performs industrial inspections and assessments on prioritized, permitted
facilities; these inspections concentrate on pollution prevention and good housekeeping
measures, which curtail exposure of pollutants to rainwater. Erosion Control staff performs face-
to-face informal meetings to discuss and implement corrective measures for containing sediment
on-site. Soon, the Stormwater Division will work in collaborative efforts with Winston-
Salem/Forsyth County Utilities in order to reduce sanitary sewer overflows and leaks.

8.1(c) Informational Web Site: The Stormwater Division operates and maintains an informative
website, https://www.cityofws.org/Stormwater, in order to achieve a heightened awareness of
stormwater-related issues and/or events. Information is reviewed and updated as needed every
three months or upon a significant event or issue. The Community Educator promotes the
website at presentations, media releases, or posting the web address on distributed public
educational materials. Topics for web postings range from pollutant ‘factoids’ to public
involvement opportunities. The Stormwater and Erosion Control Divisions have publicized its
contact information and the Stormwater Hotline/Helpline (CityLink) on the City of Winston-
Salem’s main webpage. Once on the City’s homepage, a citizen can locate staff member’s
name, e-mail address, and telephone number within four clicks of a computer mouse. The
contact information for CityLink is located at the bottom of every city webpage and at the top of
the Stormwater and Erosion Control Divisions’ webpages.

8.1(d) Distribute Public Education Materials to Identified User Groups: The city of Winston
Salem distributes public educational materials that directly relates to specific, targeted audiences.
18

The City creates communicative information for ranked pollutants of concern, such as floatables,
fecal coliforms, oil and grease, sediment (i.e. total suspended solids), and nutrients. Educational
materials (and opportunities) include brochures (paper and electronic), presentations, TV
advertisements, social media posts, workshops, community events, and targeted mailings. The
city of Winston-Salem performs mass media outreach activities throughout the local area works
in conjunction with the Piedmont Triad Regional Council (via Stormwater SMART).
Stormwater SMART develops TV and radio public service announcements, social media posts,
digital advertisements, and brochures (paper and electronic) to supplement the City’s own
education and outreach efforts. To ensure the maximum educational effectiveness, the City
correlates the informative technique to the targeted audience. For example, best management
practices brochures are written in Spanish for Hispanic automobile repair shops.

8.1(e) Promote and Maintain a Stormwater Hotline/Helpline: In 2005, City Council commissioned
the creation and implementation of a centralized telephone call center/web-based complaint
hotline for the citizens of the City of Winston-Salem. Known to the public as CityLink, this
communication center receives citizen-generated e-mails or telephone calls regarding
stormwater-related items illicit within the City. The public can access CityLink from the city of
Winston-Salem’s homepage of https://www.cityofws.org/; the CityLink button appears at the
top portion of the City’s homepage and the CityLink contact information appears at the bottom
of all City webpages. On the Stormwater Division’s homepage on the city website, the CityLink
contact information is provided at the top of the page. The Senior Community Educator receives
electronic notifications for presentation requests from CityLink or directly from website
requests. Illicit discharges are received through the Stormwater Pollution Hotline (336-747-
7480), which is operated by CityLink. CityLink refers all illicit discharge complaints to
Stormwater staff, who will investigate these reports within 24 hours.

8.1(f) Implement a Public Education and Outreach Program: The Senior Community Educator
records the reach and extend of all educational outreach activities during the active permit year.
As a component of the annual program assessment, the Senior Community Educator evaluates
each educational approach that was used to reach targeted audiences. If needed, educational
techniques or methodologies are modified for maximizing the greatest reach for the upcoming
permit year.

8.2 Public Education and Outreach Annual Reporting Task Items for PY 2020-2021:

1. The Senior Community Educator is providing a summary of all completed educational and
outreach activities (with corresponding workload data or outcomes):
a. The Stormwater Division initiated and celebrated the ninth annual Forsyth Creek Week in
2021. The Stormwater Division chaired and coordinated nine days of virtual activities,
self-guided independent activities, and limited attendance in-person activities due to the
COVID-19 pandemic. The events included two DIY rain barrel workshops with one of the
two workshops in conducted in Spanish, a frog listening walk, Segway and E-bike tours,
water programming at Kaleideum, a virtual workshop about the Yadkin River, a virtual
rain water harvesting workshop, a virtual live-stakes workshop, a virtual rain garden
workshop, children’s library programming, two EcoEXPLORE workshops for kids, two
creek week trivia nights, a creek life scavenger hunt, a photo contest, fishing tournament,
boater safety course, a tree planting party, five clean-ups, one clean up contest, free
fishing at Salem Lake, virtual wastewater and water treatment plant tours, a virtual 5k
run/walk, a teen PSA contest, a community flooding workshop, a virtual tour of the lake in
19

Quarry Park, a citizen science volunteer creek monitoring workshop, a guided paddle at
Salem Lake, and more. A total 2,209 people participated across all 56 offered activities.
b. Four additional presentations were given to a total of 31 people. These presentations were
completed both virtually due to the pandemic and in-person. This included an additional
DIY rain barrel workshop held outside of Forsyth Creek Week.
c. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, no school presentations were given during the FY 2020-
2021 year; however, an Enviroscape demonstration video was shared with teachers and
was viewed 11 times and a teen PSA contest was coordinated between the Stormwater
Division and Winston-Salem/Forsyth County schools. An introduction to stormwater
video was shared with students and teachers and three entries to the contest were received.
The winning PSA was played on WXII Channel 12 and five spectrum cable channels for a
total of 19 times.
d. In addition to community programs for Forsyth Creek Week, the Stormwater Division
participated in two volunteer events: Big Sweep and the Great American Clean-Up in
Winston-Salem.
e. The city of Winston-Salem partnered with Stormwater Smart of the Piedmont Triad
Council for mass media services. Litter and pet waste were the two main pollutants of
concern for the mass media campaign. Over 10,235,000 impressions of media placement
services were recorded; 95,537 social media impressions (Facebook, Instagram, and
www.stormwatersmart.org) were tabulated. Within Winston-Salem, all media outlets
(TV, radio, online advertisements, and Twitter) had 2,139,950 impressions during FY
2020-2021. 17,836 social media (in-house Facebook, in-house Instagram, and in-house
website activity) impressions were recorded within the city of Winston-Salem’s internal
social media outlets.
2. The Stormwater program website was reviewed and updated for current and accurate
information. The dates of all webpage revisions along with a corresponding summary of
uploaded information including:
a. Updating the front page of the Stormwater website with current relevant information on
April 29, 2021
b. Adding a “How to make a DIY Rain Barrel” video to rain barrel section of the Stormwater
website on July 10, 2020
c. Updated the “Do your part” section about our volunteering programs to include
information about the “Stream Watch in Winston-Salem” program on July 28, 2020
d. Added an Enviroscape demonstration video to the Stormwater Runoff section of the
Stormwater website on March 16, 2021
e. Staff directory updates, phone number changes, contact information for staff, organization
chart updates, and updates to existing forms throughout FY 2020-2021
3. The Stormwater program website received a total of 3,420 views during FY 2020-2021. The top
three researched topics were Paying Your Water Bill (Stormwater Utility Fee), Postconstruction
Stormwater Management, and Do-Your-Part (Stormwater’s Volunteer Adopt-A-Stream
Program).
4. The total number of ‘views’ and ‘shares’ from Stormwater related content for social media posts
to the City of Winston-Salem’s social media accounts were:
a. On the City of Winston-Salem’s Facebook Page there were 15 posts that reached a total of
38,601 users and had 40,514 impressions, 24 comments, 286 engagements, 172 reactions,
and 46 shares.
b. On the City of Winston-Salem’s Twitter Page there were 21 posts with a total 21,700
impressions, 621 engagements, 28 likes, and 34 link clicks.
20

c. On the City of Winston-Salem’s Instagram Page there were 7 posts that reached 22,223
users with a total of 23,062 impressions, 308 likes, and 11 comments.
d. On the City of Winston-Salem’s Next-Door page there were 25 posts with a total of
51,984 impressions, 93 thanks, and 22 comments.
5. The total number of new city employees trained and received the Stormwater Division’s
educational booklet during orientation were 301.
6. The Stormwater Division received 19 citizen response requests concerning illicit discharges
through CityLink – all complaints were successfully resolved by the specified due date.
7. The Senior Community Educator completed a programmatic evaluation for exploring
new/modified methods or means of maintaining or enhancing public education, outreach
activities, with the corresponding targeted audience. For FY 2021 – 2022, no programmatic
changes will be implemented.

21

9. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT and PARTICIPATION

Objectives:

1. Provide opportunities for the public, including major economic and ethnic groups, to
participate in program development and implementation.

The permittee shall implement the following BMPs to meet the objectives of the Public Involvement and
Participation Program:

9.1 BMP Summary Table
BMP Measurable Goals PY
18-19
PY
19-20
PY
20-21
PY
21-22
PY
22-23
RESPONSIBLE
POSITION/PARTY
a
Volunteer
Community
Involvement
Program
The Stormwater Division
provided sponsorship and
support to various volunteer
opportunities and citizen
participation programs.
x x x x x Senior Community
Educator
b
Establish a
Mechanism for
Public
Involvement
Citizens are encouraged to
participate during the public
comment period of bimonthly
Public Works Committee or
City Council Meetings to
provide input on stormwater-
related issues.
x x x x x

Field Operations Director

Senior Community
Educator

c
Establish
Hotline(s) or
Helpline(s)
The Stormwater Division
maintained a hotline for the
public to report illicit activity
and obtain information on
volunteer opportunities
x x x x x
City Link

Senior Community
Educator
d Public Review
and Comment
City Council solicits public
input from the community
regarding stormwater-related
issues. This information
exchange promotes
transparency and accountability
to the public.
x x x x x
Citizens

Field Operations Director

Senior Community
Educator
e Public Notice
Compliance with 40 CFR
122.34 is achieved by working
with the City Secretary’s
Office, Marketing and
Communications, and
Community Assistance
Specialists for scheduling,
advertising, and posting public
meetings.
x x x x x
City Secretary’s Office

Marketing and
Communication
Department

Community and
Neighborhood Assistance

9.1(a) Volunteer Community Involvement Program: The city of Winston-Salem has implemented
the following programs to various degrees in order to promote volunteer opportunities and
ongoing citizen participation:
22

• Creek Week is a week-long series of events geared to engage the public and support water
quality awareness. Events usually include Creek Crawls, photo contest, guided paddles
and nature walks, lunch and learn presentations, a community read and book discussion,
professional development workshops, homeowner and resident workshops, special
children and teen’s programs at the public libraries, community clean-ups, water centered
recreational activities, and other interactive programs. Creek Week occurs in March and
organized by a committee of municipal, county, and non-profit organizations.
• Creek Crawls are held with local school classes where the students visit a nearby creek to
examine the water quality of the stream using water quality test kits and visual
observations. Benthic macroinvertebrates are collected, examined, and discussed as to
form an overall assessment of the water quality of the selected stream. Students are
taught to collect water samples and to identify the macroinvertebrates collected based on
provided keys as part of this ‘hands on’ approach.
• The Stormwater Division co-coordinates the Adopt-A-Stream program with Keep
Winston-Salem Beautiful to reduce litter, debris, and floatables in our waterways.
Homeowner associations, companies, special interest groups, families, or other interested
parties can request to Adopt-A-Stream in their area of interest. Interested parties will
commit to conducting three clean-ups per year and the City will provide signage and
debris removal after each cleanup. Keep Winston-Salem Beautiful also coordinates
Adopt-A-Street and Adopt-A-Park programs to reduce litter, debris, and floatables in our
community.
• Big Sweep is conducted every year in October to remove trash and debris from local
waterways.
• The Great American Clean-Up in Winston-Salem is conducted every year in April to
remove trash and debris from local streets, parks, and waterways.
• The Stormwater Division coordinates the Storm Drain Marking program where volunteer
groups place adhesive ‘No Dumping, Drains to Creek’ markers or use a provided storm
drain marking stencil and spray paint on catch basins and other drainage structures within
the community. Volunteer groups also distribute door hangers that contain stormwater
education material informing citizens about fertilizer use, pet waste, and illegal dumping
within targeted neighborhoods due to the number of reoccurring complaints.
• The Stream Watch in Winston-Salem program encourages volunteers to visit local
Winston-Salem waterways to make various visual observations about the habitat and
water quality. Observations are shared through a GIS web app in cooperation with NC
DEQ’s Stream Watch program. Volunteers are provided with Winston-Salem specific
stormwater and stream educational information to help guide them through their visual
observations. Volunteers are encouraged to report any illicit discharges they observe
while participating in Stream Watch activities in Winston-Salem.

9.1(b) Establish a Mechanism for Public Involvement: The city of Winston-Salem has three main
mechanisms for public input on stormwater issues and input on the stormwater management
program: City Council Committee meetings, Stormwater Appeals Board, and the City Link
“suggestion and comment” service. The City Council has established committee level meetings
that citizens are invited to attend to discuss any topic including stormwater management issues.
The City Council committee that hears citizen input on stormwater management issues is the
Public Works Committee. Public Works Committee meetings are advertised on the City’s
website and are held the second Tuesday of every month. The Stormwater Appeals Board has
been created to hear appeals if an owner, developer, engineer, or other party disagrees with the
decision of staff. City Link has instituted a citizen “suggestion and comment” service request
23

that allows any citizen to suggest or comment, which relates to the Stormwater Management
Program. These suggestions or comments are forwarded to the Department Head for review and
action, if necessary.

9.1(c) Establish Hotline(s) or Helpline(s): In 2005, City Council commissioned the creation and
implementation of a centralized telephone call center/web-based complaint hotline for the
citizens of the City of Winston-Salem. Known to the public as CityLink, this communication
center receives citizen-generated e-mails or telephone calls regarding stormwater-related items
illicit within the City. The public can access CityLink from the city of Winston-Salem’s
homepage of https://www.cityofws.org/; the CityLink button appears at the top portion of the
City’s homepage and the CityLink contact information appears at the bottom of all City
webpages. On the Stormwater Division’s homepage on the city website, the CityLink contact
information is provided at the top of the page. The Senior Community Educator receives
electronic notifications for presentation requests from CityLink or directly from website
requests. Illicit discharges are received through the Stormwater Pollution Hotline (336-747-
7480), which is operated by CityLink. CityLink refers all illicit discharge complaints to the
appropriate Stormwater staff members, who will investigate these reports within 24 hours
(except on the weekends).

9.1(d) Public Review and Comment: Copies of the City’s Stormwater Management Plan are available
for public comment on its website located at https://www.cityofws.org/Stormwater.

9.1(e) Public Notice: The City of Winston-Salem will comply with applicable public notice
requirements when implementing a public involvement and participation program. Compliance
with 40 CFR 122.34 is achieved by working with the City Secretary’s Office, Marketing and
Communications and the Community Assistance Specialist for scheduling, advertising, and
posting public meetings.

9.2 Public Involvement and Participation Annual Reporting Task Items for PY 2020-2021:

1. The Senior Community Educator is providing a summary of all completed educational,
volunteer, and public participation activities (with corresponding workload data):
a. The Adopt-A-Stream program has groups that include scout troops, homeowner
associations, church groups, and local businesses. In the past year, eight groups
participated in the adopt-a-stream program. 104 volunteers participated in eight stream
clean-ups collecting 15,361 pounds of trash, recyclables, and bulky items.
b. Stormwater Division staff completed eight stream clean-ups during stream
sampling activities. A total of ten bags of litter and floatables were collected
during the clean-ups.
c. The Stormwater Division initiated and celebrated the ninth annual Forsyth Creek
Week in 2021. The Stormwater Division chaired and coordinated nine days of
virtual activities, self-guided independent activities, and limited attendance in-
person activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The events included two DIY
rain barrel workshops with one of the two workshops in Spanish, a frog listening
walk, Segway and E-bike tours, water programming at Kaleideum, a virtual
workshop about the Yadkin River, a virtual rain water harvesting workshop, a
virtual live-stakes workshop, a virtual rain garden workshop, children’s
programming, two EcoEXPLORE workshops for kids, creek week trivia, a photo
contest, fishing tournament, boater safety course, a tree planting party, five clean-
ups, one clean up contest, free fishing at Salem Lake, virtual wastewater and water
24

treatment plant tours, a virtual 5k run/walk, a teen PSA contest, a community
flooding workshop, a virtual tour of the lake in Quarry Park, a citizen science
volunteer creek monitoring workshop, a guided paddle at Salem Lake, and more. A
total 2,209 people participated across all 56 offered activities.
d. The Big Sweep Clean Up took place across all of Winston-Salem in October 2020.
A total of 216 volunteers participated and cleaned up an estimated 6,475 pounds of
trash, recyclables, and bulky items from local waterways, streets, and parks.
e. The Great American Clean Up took place across all of Winston-Salem in April
2021. A total of 262 volunteers participated and cleaned up an estimated 6,195
pounds of trash, recyclables, and bulky items from local waterways, streets, and
parks.
f. Four volunteers marked 36 storm drains in one Winston-Salem neighborhood in
September 2020. Stormwater Division staff marked approximately 15 storm drains
in response to illicit discharge complaints.
g. Two volunteers participated in Stream Watch in Winston-Salem during Forsyth
Creek Week.
2. The Public Works Committee held eleven municipal meetings (including virtual meetings) for
citizens to participate and discuss stormwater-related issues. All agendas were posted on the
City’s website. In addition, the City Council has created Stormwater Appeals Board, which
makes decisions of various ordinances. The Stormwater Appeals Board conducted zero
hearings during FY 2020-2021.
3. The Senior Community Educator will post the following NPDES permit-related items on the
Stormwater Division’s webpage for public viewing and feedback:
a. The city’s Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) will be submitted to NC DEQ
for approval, once the Field Operations Director has authorized the document.
Once both approvals are obtained, the Stormwater Division post the SWMP on its
website for public comment.
4. As a component of annual reporting, the Senior Community Educator completed a
programmatic evaluation for exploring new/modified methods or means of maintaining or
enhancing public education and outreach activities. There are no planned programmatic
changes for FY 2021-2022.

25

10. ILLICIT DISCHARGE and ELIMINATION

Objectives:

1. Detect and eliminate illicit discharges, including preventable spills and illegal dumping
into the municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4).

2. Implement appropriate enforcement procedures and actions.

3. Maintain a map showing the permittee’s major MS4 outfalls to state waters receiving
discharges.

4. Inform employees, businesses, and public of hazards associated with illegal discharges
and improper disposal of waste.

10.1 BMP Summary Table
BMP Measurable Goals PY
18-19
PY
19-20
PY
20-21
PY
21-22
PY
22-23
RESPONSIBLE
POSITION/PARTY
a Maintain Appropriate
Legal Authorities
City Council adopted the current
IDDE ordinance in 2006, which
establishes the legal authority to
detect and eliminate illicit
discharges or releases to the MS4
or surface waters. For FY 2020-
2021, the ordinance will remain
in force; Stormwater staff will
ensure that all encountered IDDE
situations are effectively and
permanently resolved.
X X X X X
Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater Technicians

Stormwater Inspector
b Maintain a Storm Sewer
System Base Map
The City of Winston-Salem has
entered a professional services
contract with HDR Engineering
for major outfall identification
and creation of a comprehensive
stormwater system inventory.
For FY 2020-2021, Middle and
Lower Mill Creek
Subwatersheds will receive a
comprehensive stormwater
inventory update, including
identification of major outfalls.
In addition, HDR will perform
dry weather screening of new
and existing major outfalls in
Salem Creek Watershed due to
TMDL regulations. Once
identified, Stormwater staff will
track, identify, and eliminate all
illicit discharges.
X X X X X
Field Operations Director

Civil Engineer

Stormwater Technicians

Stormwater Inspector
c
Inspection/Detection
Program to Detect Dry
Weather Flows to MS4
Outfalls in Targeted
Areas
Written standard operating
procedures were established in
FY 19-20 and are to be finalized
in FY 20-21. Targeted areas of
Salem Creek Watershed will be
screened in dry weather
conditions for FY 2020-2021
X X X X X
Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater Technicians

Stormwater Inspector
26

d Employee Training
All new municipal employees,
which are not administrative
positions, are required to review
a web-based power point
presentation and booklet
regarding IDDE detection and
reporting during orientation.
Jason H. Bryant, Safety
Inspector with the city’s Risk
Management, dispenses IDDE
booklets during safety audits.
X X X X X
Senior Community
Educator

Risk Management

City Employees
e Maintain a Public
Reporting Mechanism
The public has numerous
methods of notifying the
Stormwater Division of illicit
discharges. These resources
include the city’s official
website, Citizen Service Request
webpage, or CityLink. These
mechanisms are active and
funded for FY 2020-2021.
X X X X X

CityLink

Senior Community
Educator

f Documentation
Stormwater staff records all
IDDE activities, which includes
date, time, investigative findings,
NOVs, and completion letter
within an internal Excel database
and GIS map layer. The IDDE
GIS and the IDDE Excel
spreadsheet have an
implementation date of June
2015.
X X X X X
Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater Technicians

Stormwater Inspector

Best Management Practices (BMPs) for Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination:

10.1(a) Maintain Appropriate Legal Authorities: The City of Winston-Salem has an illicit discharge,
connection, and disposal ordinance that regulates the introduction of illegal pollutants to the
City’s MS4 and receiving streams. The ordinance was adopted by City Council in 2006.
Stormwater staff possesses adequate regulatory authority to provide enforcement actions, which
include enforcement mechanisms, such as issuance of notice of violations, levy civil penalties,
and issue stop work orders. One can reference the City’s Stormwater Illicit Discharges and
Connection Ordinance, Chapter 75, at ARTICLE I. ILLICIT STORMWATER DISCHARGES
AND CONNECTIONS

10.1(b) Maintain a Storm Sewer System Base Map: The City of Winston-Salem has entered into a
professional services contract with HDR Engineering for major outfall identification as well as
creation of a comprehensive stormwater system inventory. For FY 2020-2021, Middle and
Lower Mill Creek Subwatersheds will be surveyed and updated for a comprehensive stormwater
inventory revision, which includes location of new major stormwater outfalls.

10.1(c) Inspect/Detect Dry Weather Flows at MS4 Outfalls in Targeted Areas: Illicit discharge
detection and elimination procedures are contained within the Stormwater IDDE manual, which
was last revised in November 2020. The Stormwater Division’s current standard operating
procedures (SOPs) are based on the Center of Watershed Protection’s 2004 technical manual.
Staff has modified these SOPs for functionality and cost-effectiveness, as new technology and
funding become available, the Stormwater Division will update and adopt new practices, as
needed. In FY 2021-2022, HDR will perform dry weather screening of new and existing major
27

outfalls as well as stream-walk selected stream segments in the Salem Creek Watershed (due to
TMDL regulations). Once identified by HDR, Stormwater staff will track, identify, and
eliminate all illicit discharges. If needed, Stormwater staff will collect water samples from
outfalls and analyze for biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia, nitrate, pH, conductivity,
fluoride, surfactants, and fecal coliforms.

10.1(d) Employee Training: The Senior Community Educator distributes a web-based power point
presentation and booklet to all current and new municipal employees (pertinent field staff) in
order to increase the success rate of detecting illicit discharges to the MS4/receiving waters.
All new municipal employees, which are not in administrative positions, are required to review
a web-based power point presentation and booklet regarding IDDE detection and reporting
during orientation. Jason H. Bryant, Safety Inspector with the city’s Risk Management
Department, dispenses IDDE booklets during safety audits. On an annual basis, the Senior
Community Educator performs refresher training at a targeted municipal facility or operation.

10.1(e) Maintain a Public Reporting Mechanism: Stormwater staff will continue working with the IS
department for maintaining the most current up-to-date information that can be accessed on our
city website in order to keep the public informed. The reporting mechanism that the
Stormwater Division uses is called CityLink. Once known of the reported issue, staff has 24
hours to respond accordingly to the reported situation. When CityLink receives an issue, the
Assistant Director, Stormwater Operations Supervisor, and Stormwater Analyst receive an
automated notification from CityLink. From there, management assigns staff accordingly to
respond within the allotted period.

10.1(f) Documentation of IDDE Activities: When staff investigates an illicit discharge activity, a
discharge report is developed and filed by the investigating staff member, regardless of the
outcome. If an illicit activity is discovered, staff prepares a Notice of Violation (NOV), as per
the requirements of Chapter 75-11 of the City Code. The NOV is sent to the violator(s) via
certified mail or signature verified delivery by staff. The NOV clearly states the violation, as
well as any abatement activities required by the City. Upon successful completion of abatement
activities by the violator, a notification is sent stating that the illicit activity has been resolved.
Staff records all electronic copies of all correspondence, photos, mapping, civil penalty
assessments, and sampling results pertaining to the IDDE activity for future reference. Staff
documents all IDDE incidents on an spreadsheet as well as a NOV/IDDE GIS layer for
accurately tracking elimination activities. The city‘s Citizen Service Request (CSR) system is
the main documentation source to bridge the communication gap between Stormwater staff and
citizens. From there, citizens can call CityLink and receive information updates.

10.2 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Annual Reporting Task Items for PY 2020 –
2021

1. HDR performed dry weather screening of major stormwater outfalls within Salem Creek, Brushy
Fork Creek, and Peters Creek Watersheds, as a component of the city’s comprehensive MS4
inventory update. As of June 30, 2021, HDR Engineering staff has evaluated 677 major
stormwater outfalls out of the estimated total 1,085 outfalls. Stormwater staff performed water
quality testing of four major stormwater outfalls that had dry weather flows – no illicit discharges
were detected.
2. Stormwater staff responded to 57 illicit discharges/cases, which resulted in 14 notices of
violations (NOVs) being issued. 64 percent of issued NOVs were permanently and successfully
28

resolved within 30 days of initial violation issuance; 100 percent of NOVs were resolved within
60 days.
3. As part of the masterplan inventory update, HDR and Stormwater staff members investigated and
screened four major stormwater outfall for the presence of pollutants. In addition, HDR staff
stream-walked a total of 30 miles of waterways within Salem Creek Watershed, which is impaired
due to fecal coliforms.
4. As part of the city’s Good Housekeeping and Pollution prevention programs, new city employees
will continue to training in order to identify and report illicit discharges. During FY 2020-2021, a
total of 301 new city employees were trained in IDDE detection and notification methods.
5. Stormwater staff continues to support the Senior Community Educator with public educational
efforts regarding illicit discharge information. For FY 2020-2021, Stormwater Field Operations
staff distributed 178 educational materials regarding illicit dumping to residences throughout
Winston-Salem.
6. The Stormwater Division received 19 citizen response requests concerning illicit discharges
through CityLink – all complaints were successfully resolved by the specified due date.
7. Stormwater staff performs quarterly stream sampling at 39 locations to detect any active illicit
discharges. The Stormwater Division collected and analyzed a total number of 2,542 pollutant
parameters for detecting illicit discharges – no illicit discharges were detected and eliminated due
to this water quality regime.
8. Staff will use instanteous multiparameter meters for early detection of sanitary sewer overflows
(SSOs) and failing septic systems. The Stormwater Division collected and analyzed a total of
2,542 pollutant parameters - the total number of five eliminated SSOs and failed septic systems
were detected and eliminated.
9. As a component of the permit effectiveness evaluation, the Stormwater Operations Supervisor
assessed divisional IDDE Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). The results of this evaluation
showed that all SOPs are currently up to date as of July 16, 2021.
10. Stormwater staff marked storm drain catch basins with permanent stickers and spray paint signage
at IDDE locations. During FY 2020-2021, Stormwater Division marked a total of 15 stormwater
catch basins for increasing the public’s heightened awareness. Stormwater catch basin marker
information is located at G:\Techn_Projects_Files\Education_
Outreach\Doorhangers_StormdrainMarkers.xlsx

29

11. CONSTRUCTION SITE RUNOFF CONTROLS

Objectives:

1. Reduce pollutants in stormwater runoff from construction activities disturbing one or more
acres of land surface and those activities less than one acre that are part of a larger
common plan of development.

2. Provide procedures for public input, sanctions to ensure permit compliance, requirements
for construction site operators to implement appropriate erosion and sediment control
practices, review of site plans, which incorporates consideration of potential water quality
impacts, and procedures for site inspection and enforcement of control measures.

3. A locally delegated program that meets or exceeds the state requirements covering the
jurisdictional area of the permittee complies with the required minimum of this section.

4. The City of Winston-Salem has been delegated by NCDEQ-DEMLR to establish a local
erosion and sedimentation control program to administer the Sedimentation Pollution
Control Act of 1973; stormwater NPDES permit requirements will be fulfilled using this
existing program. Grading permits are required for land disturbing activities that are
greater than (or equal to) 20,000 square feet for new single-family dwelling construction
(or part of a larger common plan of development) or greater than 10,000 (or equal to)
square feet for any non-exempt purpose (or part of a larger common plan of development).
For single-family dwelling sites under 20,000 square feet (and not in a larger common
plan of development), an executed erosion control affidavit is mandated, which stipulates
the installation of minimal erosion control measures to prevent off-site sedimentation.

11.1 BMP Summary Table

BMP Measurable Goals PY
18-19
PY
19-20
PY
20-21
PY
21-22
PY
22-23
RESPONSIBLE
POSITION /
PARTY
a
Erosion and
Sediment
Control
Program
The local program mandates
NCDEQ, DEMLR approved
sediment & erosion control
practices for construction
activities disturbing more
than 20,000 sq. ft. for
single-family dwelling
construction or 10,000 sq.
ft. for any other non-exempt
purpose. Proposed projects,
within a larger common
plan of development, will
need to submit and acquire
plan approval from the local
delegated program to obtain
NCG01000 coverage.
X X X X X
Erosion
Control/Floodplain
Manager

Erosion Control
Inspectors
b Plan Review
Process
Local program adheres to
regulations and
requirements of the
Sedimentation Pollution
Control Act of 1973 and
current NCDEQ, DEMLR
X X X X X
Erosion
Control/Floodplain
Manager

30

E&SC Planning and Design
Manual.
Erosion Control
Inspectors
c

Field
Inspections,
Complaint
Response, and
Enforcement
Procedures
On-site inspections are
conducted approximately
once every three weeks (on
average) - each inspector
has 50 sites. In addition,
staff responds to all received
complaints within three
business days of first
knowledge. Chapter 8,
Section 8.4 of the City’s
Unified Development
Ordinance includes Civil
Penalty, Injunctive Relief,
Stop Work Orders, and
Restoration.
X X X X X
Erosion
Control/Floodplain
Manager

Erosion Control
Inspectors

d
Notify the
responsible
state or local
government
agencies that
have
enforcement
capabilities to
eliminate
construction
site wastes
from entering
the MS4
and/or Waters
of the State
The Erosion Control
Division assesses
construction debris and
trash for potential negative
impacts to surface
waters/MS4. Erosion
Control staff notifies the
responsible, enforcement
entity for issue resolution, if
issues are encountered. Any
other pollutants that enter
the MS4 or local waters are
resolved by the Stormwater
Division, if the illicit release
occurs within the City of
Winston-Salem’s municipal
limits.
X X X X X
Stormwater/
Erosion Control Division

Applicable State and
Local Government
Agencies
e
Educational
and Training
Materials
Erosion Control staff
provides guidance resources
to contractors, developers,
and the public by directing
them to the City and
NCDEQ, DEMLR’s
websites. Erosion Control
staff has also compiled and
distributes digital technical
guidance and design criteria
resources through email or
print by request.

Inspectors conduct on-site
and in-office educational
seminars with contractors,
designers, and the public, as
requested.
X X X X X Erosion Control
Inspectors
f Public
Information
City Link-web-based
Customer Service System
(CSR) and phone line that
citizens and City employees
can report off-site
X X X X X
NCDEQ-DEMLR

CityLink

31

sedimentation
issues/complaints

STOPMUD Hotline – staff
responds to complaints with
48 hours of first knowledge

City Website – publicized
contact information of
Erosion Control staff, which
includes telephone numbers
and email addresses.

Senior Community
Educator

Marketing &
Communications Section

11.1(a) Erosion and Sediment Control Program: The Erosion Control Division of the City of
Winston-Salem’s Field Operations Department require erosion and sediment control measures
at construction sites. Chapter 8, Section 8.4 of the Unified Development Ordinance regulates
land disturbing activities within Forsyth County’s boundaries (this includes the City of
Winston-Salem). For additional information regarding the City’s Sediment and Erosion Control
Ordinance, please visit this link: Chapter 8, Section 8.4.

11.1(b) Plan Review Process: Chapter 8, Section 8.4 of the Unified Development Code, Section 8.4.4
(A.) states that no person shall initiate any land disturbing activity upon a tract without having
an erosion control plan approved by the Director or a designee and without having purchased
the applicable permit through the Inspections Division office. Section 3.2.7 (A.) states that any
area exceeding 20,000 square feet in surface area on one tract for construction of a single-family
dwelling or 10,000 square feet on one tract for any other non-exempt purpose must be
permitted. To be permitted, Section 8.4.4 (A.) mandates the creation and submittal of an
erosion control plan, Section 8.4.17 provides the submittal standards and criteria of erosion, and
sedimentation control plans to be reviewed, approved, and installed. When finalized,
development plans are submitted to the City of Winston-Salem for permit approval of land
disturbing activities; Erosion Control staff determines regulatory compliance in accordance with
the Sedimentation Pollution Control Act of 1973 and Chapter 8, Section 8.4 of the City of
Winston-Salem Unified Development Ordinance. As a result, sediment control devices for
construction activities are evaluated for capture of 75 percent of the 40-micron particle and
larger.

11.1(c) Field Inspections, Complaint Response, and Enforcement Procedures: Site inspections are
conducted by one of three qualified Erosion Control Inspectors, which are assigned to a specific
section of Forsyth County. One Erosion Control Inspector is solely dedicated to inspecting
single family dwelling erosion control compliance. Inspector responsibilities include plan
review and approval, issuance of grading/erosion control permits for construction activities,
conducting on-site inspections, and performing enforcement actions, when needed. Routine site
inspections are performed approximately once every three weeks; however, the frequency of
inspections will increase (as needed) for overall programmatic compliance.

Enforcement action provisions are described in Chapter 8, Section 8.4.20 of the City’s Unified
Development Ordinance (Chapter 8). The Erosion Control Division will not issue a grading
permit for a development site unless the sediment and erosion control plan has been approved.
Deviation from the approved plan will result in a Notice of Violation (NOV) issued by the
Erosion Control Inspector with required corrective actions and a compliance due date for
completion of corrective actions will be documented. Mitigation activities are enforced in the
event off-site sedimentation damage is observed. NCDEQ, DEMLR receives a copy of every
32

NOV that is issued by the Erosion Control Division and NCDEQ, DWR is notified if
sedimentation damage is observed to a jurisdictional water body. If the required corrective
actions are not resolved by the compliance due date, a monetary fine, Stop Work Order, and/or
Injunction may be imposed on the developer and/or contractor. In addition, the Inspections
Division may withhold any certificates of occupancy until absolute resolution has been
achieved.

11.1(d) Notification to the Responsible State or Local Government Agencies that have
Enforcement Capabilities for eliminating Construction Site Wastes: During the course of
conducting field inspections, Erosion Control Inspectors assess construction waste practices,
specifically, in regards to potential adverse impacts to water quality. If Erosion Control staff
determines that a contractor’s poor housekeeping practices possess a threat to water quality,
staff will notify the Winston-Salem Regional Office of NCDEQ, DEMLR, if the site has a
NCG01000 permit or located within unincorporated area of Forsyth County. If the site is
located within the jurisdiction of a MS4-permitted entity (e.g. Clemmons, Lewisville,
Kernersville, etc.), the respective stormwater authority is notified. Any pollutants that are
directly (or indirectly) discharged, disposed, or illicitly-connected to storm drain systems
(public or private-owned) or streams, which are located within the City of Winston-Salem’s
municipal limits, are monitored and enforced by the city’s Stormwater Division.

11.1(e) Educational and Training Materials for Construction Site Operators: Erosion Control staff
performs on-site and in-office educational discussions with licensed contractors, design
professional, developers, and the general public as per service requests and/or issuance of
violations. These educational discussions are very interactive and personal. Erosion Control
staff provides guidance resources to contractors, developers, and the public by directing them to
the City and NCDEQ-DEMLR’s websites. Erosion Control staff has also compiled and
distributes digital technical guidance and design criteria resources through email or print by
request.

11.1(f) Public Information: In 2005, City Council and the City Manager commissioned the creation
and implementation of a centralized telephone call center/web-based complaint hotline for the
citizens of the City of Winston-Salem. Known to the public as CityLink, this communication
center receives citizen-generated e-mails or telephone calls regarding illicit activity within the
City or County. The public can access CityLink on the City of Winston-Salem’s homepage of
www.Cityofws.org.; it appears on the bottom portion of the website. The Erosion Control
Division has been integrated into the CityLink system and implemented a response time of three
days.

The Erosion Control Division has publicized its contact information on the City of Winston-
Salem’s main webpage. Once on the City’s homepage, a citizen can locate each Erosion Control
staff member’s name, e-mail address, and telephone number within three clicks of a computer
mouse.

In addition, by calling 1-866-STOPMUD, citizens can report violations of the Sedimentation
Pollution Control Act of 1973. The Erosion Control Division responds to e-mails and received
complaints from the hotline within three business days of first knowledge.

11.2 Eminent Domain Authority: The Erosion Control Division has an established procedure of
requiring documentation of review and approval of a post-construction stormwater management
plan by NCDEQ, DEMLR for all development activity within Forsyth County. Municipalities
33

that are excluded from this policy include Winston-Salem, Kernersville, Clemmons, and
Lewisville, since each municipality has its own delegated post-construction stormwater program.
This protocol provides NCDEQ, DEMLR the opportunity to collaborate with the Erosion
Control Division concerning the approval of a post-construction stormwater management plan
within the county where no post-construction stormwater management program exists.

11.3 Construction Site Runoff Control Annual Reporting Task Items for PY 2020 - 2021
1. The Erosion Control Division reviewed all submitted erosion control plans and performed
corresponding onsite inspections to verify compliance. Erosion Control staff reviewed
118 erosion control plans and performed 3,207 onsite inspections for verifying site
compliance.
2. The Erosion Control Manager and Assistant Stormwater Director performed a
comprehensive gap analysis of DEMLR’s Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Control Model
Ordinance. Currently, these staff members are incorporating model ordinance language
into the Winston-Salem/Forsyth County Erosion Control Ordinance, Section 8.4. At the
current rate, staff anticipates completing this gap analysis before June 30, 2022.
3. Erosion Control staff issued 38 notice of violations (NOVs) during FY 2020-2021. The
average compliance percentage of all active construction sites was 75 percent, which can
be attributed to frequent, intense storm events as well as the record-setting sheer volume
of construction within Winston-Salem/Forsyth County. As a result, Erosion Control
Inspectors were unable to perform as frequent site inspections, thus decreasing the overall
average compliance percentage from FY 2019-2020.
4. Erosion Control Inspectors have referred eight construction site waste stream issues to the
Winston-Salem Regional Office of NCDEQ, DEMLR (outside the municipal limits of
Winston-Salem) and one to the Stormwater Division (inside city limits) to prevent
pollutants from entering surface waters/MS4.
5. Erosion Control staff successfully resolved a total of 113 illicit sedimentation
discharge/release claims, which are tracked through the city’s Citizen Service Request
system, as an indicator of program effectiveness.
6. For FY 2020-2021, Erosion Control Division’s webpage had 25 total views, as an
indicator of public interest.

34

12. POST-CONSTRUCTION SITE RUNOFF CONTROLS

Objectives:

1. Manage stormwater runoff from new development/redevelopment that drains to the MS4
and disturbs an acre or more of land surface, including projects less than an acre that are
part of a larger common plan of development or sale.

2. Provide a mechanism to require long-term operation and maintenance of SCMs.

3. Ensure controls are in place to minimize water quality impacts.

4. Permittee shall not be required to apply post-construction site runoff controls to entities
that are exempt from permittee’s jurisdiction, including entities exempted under
N.C.G.S. 113A-56.

12.1 BMP Summary Table
BMP Measureable Goals PY
18-19
PY
19-20
PY
20-21
PY
21-22
PY
22-23
RESPONSIBLE
POSITION/PARTY
a
Post-
construction
Stormwater
Management
Program
The City of Winston
Salem adopted a Post-
construction Stormwater
Control Ordinance in
September of 2008. As
required, ordinance
provisions are applied to
all developments within
the City of Winston-
Salem’s jurisdiction.
X X X X X Field Operations Director
b
Strategies
which include
SCM’s
appropriate for
the MS4
The City uses the State’s
latest version of
Stormwater Design
Manual as the Minimum
Design Criteria (MDC)
for SCM submittals/
reviews.
X X X X X Stormwater Engineer
c
Deed
Restrictions and
Protective
Covenants
Deed restrictions and
protective covenants are
required in the City’s
ordinance to ensure that
stormwater controls are
not altered or removed.
X X X X X
Field Operations Director

Stormwater Engineer
d
Operation and
Maintenance
Plan
An operation and
maintenance plan is
required as part of the
permit approval process.
The City uses state-
approved criteria for
implementing
SCM inspection and
maintenance
requirements.
X X X X X
Field Operations Director

Stormwater Engineer
35

e
Educational
materials and
training for
developers
Educational materials are
posted on the Stormwater
Division’s webpage,
which includes
stormwater applications,
example calculations, and
other supplementary
information. The
Stormwater Engineer
holds regular meetings
with developers to guide
them through the permit
process.
X X X X X Stormwater Engineer

12.1(a) Post-Construction Storm Water Management Program: The Stormwater Division oversees
and enforces the city’s post-construction stormwater management program. The City of
Winston-Salem has supplemented previous water supply watershed regulations with current
post-construction regulations for Class ‘C’ waters in order to address stormwater runoff from
new and re-developed sites. The current Post Construction Stormwater Management ordinance
was adopted by the City Council on September 19, 2008 and this ordinance applies to all
development within our jurisdictional area (municipal boundary). The City’s Post-construction
Ordinance can be located at https://library.municode.com/nc/winston-
salem/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=PTIIICOOR_CH75STMA_ARTIVPOCOST.

12.1(b) Strategies, which include SCM’s Appropriate for the MS4:
Programs with development/redevelopment draining to Nutrient Sensitive waters:
Drainage from the City of Winston-Salem ultimately flows to the Yadkin River, which is the
main tributary for High Rock Lake. High Rock Lake has been classified as nutrient sensitive
and currently has a TMDL in development for Chlorophyll A and turbidity. Currently,
wastewater point sources are being considered for a waste load allocation (WLA) – not
stormwater sources. Structural and non-structural SCMs will be utilized to address the
requirements of 15A NCAC .0126 (10) (e). These SCMs will provide sediment removal, which
ultimately reduces the nutrient inputs to receiving streams. Proper application and storage of
fertilizers is being addressed through a Turf Management Certification, which is administered
by the Stormwater Division and the Forsyth County Cooperative Extension Service in efforts to
reduce nutrient loading to receiving streams.

Fecal Coliform Source Control:
The City of Winston-Salem coordinates with the Forsyth County Department of Public Health
to reduce fecal coliform due to failing/or failed septic tank systems. This process requires the
property owner to either connect to the POTW or repair/replace the septic tank system to
effective operations. The City/County Utilities Commission (CCUC) has an extensive capital
improvement program to rehabilitate failing sections of the sewer collection system.
Stormwater staff works closely with the CCUC to resolve sanitary sewer overflows during dry
weather screening activities or received citizen complaints. In addition, the City of Winston-
Salem has an enforceable ordinance that requires pet owners to pick up fecal matter within its
municipal boundaries. Section 6-12 in the City of Winston-Salem’s Municode contains the
sanitation requirements for picking up dog feces, which is posted at
https://library.municode.com/nc/winston-
salem/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=PTIIICOOR_CH6ANFO_S6-12SAREDO.

36

Non-Structural SCM’s:
Currently, the City of Winston-Salem has implemented a comprehensive plan for growth – the
Legacy Development Guide, which was adopted in 2012. Environmental quality is a key
subject area, which is addressed with an objective to protect our local watersheds, wetlands, and
streams. The City also has adopted local water supply watershed protection regulations, as
required by NC DWQ. The Unified Development Ordinance regulates development in the
Water Supply watershed areas of the City. Development is subject to zoning restrictions,
erosion control measures, floodplain management and low density development provisions as
they pertain to the water quality criteria of the Post-Construction Stormwater Control Ordinance
such as recording of stream buffers where applicable and use of vegetative conveyances to the
maximum extent practicable.

Structural SCM’s:
The City of Winston-Salem’s Post Construction Stormwater Management ordinance provides
sizing and performance criteria for water quality SCMs. The City of Winston-Salem has also
adopted the State’s Stormwater Design Manual as a technical guide for designing structural
SCMs within its jurisdictional area and thus for use in also providing sizing and performance
criteria, in combination with the ordinance provisions. The ordinance addresses both low
density and high-density development scenarios as regards water quality attenuation. Low
density developments (less than 24 percent built upon area, or less than two dwelling units per
an acre) must meet all of the Minimum Design Criteria (MDC) of the NC DWR Stormwater
Design Manual–Low Density Chapter, to the maximum extent practicable. Such items include
but are not limited to recording of stream buffers where applicable and using vegetative
conveyances to the maximum extent practicable. High density developments (greater than 24
percent built upon area and more than two dwelling units per acre) in addition to meeting all of
the low density non-structural SCM requirements, to the maximum extent practicable, must also
provide structural SCM’s. Any SCM or combination of SCM’s that are considered “Primary”
SCMs per the Stormwater Design Manual and that can be effectively constructed in the
Piedmont physiographic region may be approved by the Stormwater Engineer. In addition, the
Post Construction Stormwater Management ordinance also includes a local requirement for
water quantity standards if a development creates more than 20,000 square feet of new
impervious area. If that is the case a development must either, (a) design structural SCMs in
order to mitigate detrimental downstream effects of flooding and erosion in various design
storm events, or, in lieu of management provide a “no adverse impact downstream study” if
indeed a no adverse impact situation can be proven.

12.1(c) Deed Restrictions and Protective Covenants: The City of Winston-Salem, as previously
mentioned, created, adopted, and implemented its post-construction ordinance on September 19,
2008. This ordinance includes comprehensive regulatory procedures in order to ensure
compliance. Right of entry drainage and access easements must be granted to the City to
inspect, monitor, maintain, repair, or to reconstruct the stormwater management system as
necessary and these easements are referenced in the recorded Operation and Maintenance
Agreements. Notice of violations, remedies, and monetary penalties are examples of regulatory
tools contained within the post-construction ordinance that the Stormwater Division utilizes as
enforcement mechanisms. For further reference, the City’s Post-construction Stormwater
Control Ordinance (Chapter 75, Article IV) can be located at this link:
https://library.municode.com/nc/winston-
salem/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=PTIIICOOR_CH75STMA_ARTIVPOCOST

37

12.1(d) Operation and Maintenance Plan: Stormwater staff inspect approved water quantity SCMs
(pre-2008 post-construction ordinance adoption) as well as the Salem Lake Watershed (Water
Supply IV Classification) SCMs on an annual basis. Next, Stormwater staff informs the owners
of record of any deficiencies noted so that they may be addressed. Operation and Maintenance
Agreements are required to be approved, recorded and implemented for all of the developments
located within the Salem Lake Watershed area that require SCM(s) and the owners of such
SCMs are bound to the terms of that agreement.

The City currently has a spreadsheet that tracks all of the developments and redevelopments that
have been submitted to the Stormwater Division for review and compliance with the Post
Construction Stormwater Management ordinance. This spreadsheet includes a list of the
development names, whether or not they are exempt from the ordinance and if exempt an
explanation of why so, and if they are not exempt a description of what provisions of the
ordinance they had to meet as in water quality – (low or high density), or water quantity, or
both. This spreadsheet contains pertinent information, such as project submittal, review notes,
date of permit issuance with corresponding number, the owners contact information of the
stormwater management system, what developments we are currently still waiting on for as-
built records to be submitted, what developments have submitted as-builts and hence are subject
to submitting annual inspection and maintenance records, etc., so that Stormwater staff can
efficiently check or reference any development and its criteria that may have been permitted,
since the ordinance was adopted. The City also maintains “hard” files for all projects listed in
this spreadsheet.

SCMs, within the City limits jurisdiction and approved after the adoption of the post-
construction ordinance, must have an Operation and Maintenance Agreement recorded as part
of the post construction permit process that is binding on the SCM owner. The responsibility of
SCM inspection and maintenance is placed on the designated SCM owner, or Homeowners
Association/Property Owners Association, as applicable, who has signed the recorded Operation
and Maintenance Agreement. The requirements for such inspections and maintenance are
outlined in an Operation and Maintenance Manual that forms part of the overall Operation and
Maintenance Agreement. Beginning after the certification of the as-built drawings for a
permitted stormwater management system, the system must be inspected per the frequency
described in this agreement by a suitably qualified professional on behalf of the owner. The
owner must keep all records of these inspections and any maintenance activities that may have
been necessary and submit these records to the Stormwater Director for review on an annual
basis. The Stormwater Director or his designee may carry out his own inspection to validate
such submitted records.

All structural SCMs approved in accordance with the Post-Construction Stormwater
Management ordinance must have a financial surety that meets the requirements of the
ordinance provisions, in force prior to permit issuance. For a developer who wants to remain
the party responsible in perpetuity for the long term Operation and Maintenance of the system,
the surety shall equal four percent of the estimated construction cost of the Stormwater
management system, verified by submittal of a sealed engineers estimate. This surety is held in
a City maintained account and is non-refundable. The developer may apply for a loan from this
account if needed to address system deficiencies. For SCMs that are to be owned and operated
by a HOA or POA, then the surety that is required is in the form of an escrow account and
escrow agreement. The developer establishes an escrow account at the time of permitting and
deposits 15 percent of the estimated construction cost of the stormwater management system
into this account, with the HOA/POA to add further funds in the future. An escrow agreement
38

must be approved and recorded during the permit process, which allows the City access to this
escrow account, and its funds if needed should a SCM owner fail to comply with maintaining
the system.

The City also requires performance bonding or other cash securities, in accordance with the
Salem Lake Watershed Environmental ordinance provisions, on SCMs proposed and located
within the Salem Lake Water Supply Watershed area.

12.1(e) Educational materials and training for developers: Multiple training and information
sessions were provided by Stormwater Division staff prior to and after the ordinance
implementation in 2008. Educational materials provided include a permit application flowchart,
example of design calculations and other supplementary information such as Operation and
Maintenance Manual templates. These are available on the Stormwater Divisions website. The
Stormwater Engineer and if needed the Stormwater Director, also make themselves regularly
available to meet with developers at their request on an individual basis in the event that they
need guidance on permit policies and procedures before submitting an application for a permit.
The Stormwater Engineer is also a member of the City’s Technical Review Committee (TRC)
and attends in person meetings held on a weekly and monthly basis to explain the Post
Construction Stormwater Management permitting process to applicants looking to develop or
redevelop property within the City limits and Salem Lake Watershed. The Stormwater
Engineer has on average three such meetings (individual plus TRC combined) on a weekly
basis. The Stormwater Engineer fulfills multiple meetings and information requests from
developers, owners, and citizens either by phone or e-mail on a weekly basis outside of the in-
person meetings.

The City maintains a website on the Stormwater Divisions webpage that addresses the city’s
post-construction permitting process as well as development requirements within the regulated
Salem Lake Watershed area. This website is used as an educational tool available to all
developers and SCM owners. The website contains items such as, a link to the Post
Construction Stormwater Management ordinance, a link to the NC DWR Stormwater Design
Manual website, the permit flow chart, a link to the permit application and checklists for
submittal, templates for Operation and Maintenance Agreements and Manuals, design examples
or SCMs, templates for inspections and annual compliance reports, a link to the electronic
review submittal system and also a detailed FAQ section that attempts to address most, if not all
of the questions that developers and SCM owners typically have. This website may be found at
https://www.cityofws.org/794/Post-Construction-Stormwater-Management

12.2 Post-Construction Annual Reporting Task Items for PY 2020 – 2021:

1. The Stormwater Division has inspected 244 water quantity control SCMs during the past
permit year. In the PY 2019-2020, 265 SCM’s were inspected. However, in this current
PY 2020-202, access to 21 SCMs was restricted/denied by property owners due to Covid-
19 concerns and measures in place. Please note: These devices were constructed prior to
the adoption of the post-construction ordinance. These SCMs mainly consist of dry
detention basins.

a. The number of SCMs that are categorized as ‘poor’ = 21 (8.6%)
b. The number of SCMS that are categorized with minor issues = 49 (20.1%)
c. The number of SCMS with no deficiencies = 174 (71.3%)
39

2. Between implementation of the Post-construction Stormwater Control Ordinance in
September 2008 and up to the end of this current permit period, the Stormwater Division
has permitted a variety of structural SCMs that were required for high density
developments under the water quality provisions of the ordinance as well as meeting the
ordinance quantity provisions. Please note that as per Section 12.5 these stormwater
management systems are inspected and maintained by the owners’ qualified
representatives with records of such inspections and maintenance activities submitted
annually to the Field Operations Director. The SCMs permitted along with the number of
the SCMs are as follows:

a. Wet Detention Basins = 50
b. Sand Filters = 50
c. Bio-Retention Cells = 25
d. Stormwater Constructed Wetlands = 1
e. Contech Stormfilter System = 5
f. Bay Filter System = 4
g. Infiltration Trench = 3
h. Permeable Pavement System = 4
i. Dry Detention Basins/Underground Management Systems = 61

In addition to these high-density developments in the same period, the Stormwater
Division has also issued 90 permits for developments that were considered low density
under the water quality provisions of the ordinance. No structural SCMs were therefore
required, but these developments still had to meet the low-density provisions of the
ordinance and the Stormwater design manual low density minimum design criteria.

3. During Permit Year of 2020 – 2021, the following information summarizes post-
construction activities performed by the Stormwater Division:

a. The number of plans reviewed = 47
b. The number of developments requiring water quality SCMs = 10
c. The number of developments requiring water quantity SCMs = 13
d. The number of no adverse impact studies submitted in lieu of management for
quantity control = 3
e. The number of developments meeting the ordinance water quality provision
exemptions = 18
f. The number of developments meeting the ordinance water quantity provision
exemptions = 28
g. The number of developments grandfathered from the ordinance provisions based
on a prior plan approval issued before the ordinance implementation in 2008, or,
covered under a master Stormwater management plan submitted and approved,
since the ordinance implementation = 1
h. The number of low-density projects =16
i. The number of high-density projects = 10
j. Sum of water quality SCMs = 17 (6 Sand Filters, 9 Wet Detention Basins, 1 Bay
Filter and 1 Permeable Pavement System)
k. Sum of water quantity SCMs = 17 (8 Wet Detention Basins, 3 Sand Filters, 3
Underground Management Systems and 3 Dry Detention Basins).
40

13. POLLUTION PREVENTION and GOOD HOUSEKEEPING for
MUNICIPAL OPERATIONS

Objectives:

1. Prevent or reduce stormwater pollution from municipal operations that drain to the MS4
system.

2. Incorporate Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping techniques into municipal
operations that drain to the MS4 system.

13.1 BMP Summary Table
BMP Measurable Goals PY
18-19
PY
19-20
PY
20-21
PY
21-22
PY
22-23
RESPONSIBLE
POSITION/PARTY
a
Inventory of
municipal
facilities and
operations
To maintain a current
inventory of the municipal
facilities/operations,
Stormwater staff evaluates
and updates its master
inventory on an annual
basis. The last revision to
the master list was
performed in November
2020. The Stormwater
Engineer maintains a
master list of all SCMs that
are owned or operated by
the city of Winston-Salem
– the last update occurred
October 26, 2020.
X X X X X
Stormwater Inspector

Stormwater Engineer

b
Inspection and
maintenance
program for
municipal
facilities and
operations
The Stormwater Division
has implemented an
inspection and maintenance
program for municipal
facilities/operations, which
was updated in November
2020. All information is
stored within a database.
X X X X X Stormwater Inspector
c
Site Pollution
Prevention Plan
for Municipal
Facilities
The Stormwater Division
has prioritized 22 (Table
13.4) municipal
operations/facilities for
potential SPPP creation.
X X X X X

Stormwater Inspector

d
Spill Response
Procedures for
Municipal
Facilities and
Operations
For municipally owned
facilities that are not
required to obtain a general
stormwater permit, an
abbreviated SWPPP is
created and implemented.
A key component of this
abbreviated SWPPP is spill
response plan and
procedures, which are site-
specific.
X X X X X Stormwater Inspector
e
Prevent or
Minimize
Contamination of
During municipal
facility/operation
assessments, vehicle and
X X X X X
Stormwater Inspector
41

Stormwater
Runoff from all
areas used for
Vehicle and
Equipment
Cleaning
equipment-washing
practices are evaluated. If
needed, washing
procedures are modified to
prevent or minimize
exposure to surface waters.
These procedures are
documented in the SPPP
and verified on a BMP
checklist.
f
Streets, Roads,
and Public Parking
Lots Maintenance
The Stormwater Division
has work in collaborated
efforts with Winston-Salem
Transit Authority and Field
Operations, City Yard to
identify pollutant-laden
stormwater runoff from
public streets, roads, and
parking lots. Selected
BMPs for implementation,
which includes street
sweeping, trash and
sediment removal, and
implementation of basic
spill response procedures
for hydrocarbon releases.
X X X X X
Stormwater Inspector

Field Operations, City
Yard

Winston-Salem Transit
Authority

Stormwater Operations
Supervisor
g
Inspection and
Maintenance
(I&M) for
municipally
owned or
maintained
stormwater control
measures (SCMs)
and the storm
sewer system.
The permittee shall
maintain and implement an
inspection and maintenance
program for municipally
owned stormwater control
measures (SCMs) and the
MS4 system, which
includes catch basins,
piping, and other
structures.
X X X X X

FO, City Yard

Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater Engineer

h Staff Training
A web-based power point
presentation and booklet is
mandatory for all current
and new applicable
municipal employees, to
review and synthesize
information regarding good
housekeeping practices as
well as IDDE information.
In addition, on an annual
basis, the Stormwater
Inspector performs a
municipal inspection at a
targeted department, where
additional staff training is
performed that is specific
to the department
conditions.
X X X X X
Senior Community
Educator

Stormwater Inspector

13.1(a) Inventory of Municipal Facilities and Operations: In 2020, the Stormwater Division
performed an inclusive assessment of municipal facilities/operations that have a significant
potential for generating polluted stormwater runoff. Subsequently, staff prioritized these
42

municipal operations for SWPPP creation and implementation due to the magnitude and nature
of activities that each municipal operation provides to the public. Since that time, the
Stormwater Division provides professional services to City entities to create and implement
BMPs for mitigating or eliminating exposure of pollutants to stormwater runoff. The following
tables provide an overview of the City’s progression in reducing stormwater pollution from
municipal operations, as of November 23, 2020.

Municipal Facilities/Operations that have Comprehensive Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans
(General Stormwater Permitted or Significant Operations that require SWPPPs, as if permitted)

Table 13.2
City Department Division or Operational Activities Contact Name NPDES Permit Number
Utilities Muddy Creek WWTP Frank Crump NCG110133
Archie Elledge WWTP Frank Crump NCG110013
Hanes Mill Landfill Gordon Dively NCG120034
Old Salisbury Road Landfill Adam Rickett NCG120095
Utilities Construction and Maintenance Kenny Atkins N/A
Thomas Water Plant Bill Brewer NC0079821
Property Facilities
Management Fleet Services Donnie McDaniel NCG080801
Field Operations City Yard Lance Covington N/A
WSDOT Winston-Salem Transit Authority John Ashford NCG080023
Parks and Recreation Reynolds Park Maintenance Warehouse Wayne Belcher N/A
Benton Convention Center Food Service, Convention Activities Grant Minix N/A
Winston-Salem
Entertainment and Sports
Complex
Food Service, Agricultural Exhibits, Automobile
Demolition Derby Cheryle Hartley N/A
Bowman Grey Stadium Automobile Racing, Sporting Events, Food
Service James Crippen N/A

Municipal Facilities/Operations that have Abbreviated Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans
(Spill Response Plans and Procedures with Nonstructural BMPs, including Site Maps)

Table 13.3
City Department Division or Operational Activities Contact Name NPDES Permit Number
WSDOT
(Three facilities) Parking Decks/Lots Rodd Ring N/A
WSFD (Nineteen facilities) Fire Stations, Truck Washing Trey Mayo N/A
Parks and Recreation
(26 facilities)
Equipment Maintenance and Washing, Swimming
Pool Chemicals, and Recreation Centers Wayne Belcher N/A

Municipal Facilities/Operations that are scheduled for Site Assessments and/or Stormwater
Pollution Prevention Plans (General Stormwater Permitted or Abbreviated – Depends on
Operational Magnitude and Nature of Activities)

Table 13.4
City Department Division or Operational Activities Contact Name NPDES Permit Number
Sanitation Lowery Street Complex Darrell Moody N/A
Parks and Recreation Reynolds Park Golf Course Julius Reese N/A
43

Winston Lake Golf Course Julius Reese N/A
Police Vehicle Evidence Lot Brittany Murray N/A
Beaty Public Safety Center Captain Brian Dobey N/A
Burke Public Safety Center Jon Canupp N/A
District 1 Office Complex Captain Richard Newnum N/A
District 2 Office Complex Captain Renee Melly N/A
District 3 Office Complex Captain Christopher Lowder N/A
Cemeteries Evergreen Cemetery Scotty Speas N/A
Woodland Cemetery Scotty Speas N/A
Parks and Recreation Quarry Park, Hanes Park, Washington Park Wayne Belcher N/A
Bethabara Park Diana Overby N/A
Winston Lake, Salem Lake Bobby Hege N/A
Long Creek Pool Shawn Rodriguez N/A
Hine Park & Sara Lee Soccer Fields Wayne Belcher N/A
WSTA Central Bus Station John Ashford NCG080023
Utilities Thomas Water Plant Bill Brewer NC0079821

Best Management Practices for Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping for Municipal
Operations:

13.1(b) Inspection and Maintenance Program for Municipal Facilities and Operations: The
Stormwater Division has been conducting good housekeeping inspections of municipal
facilities/operations since January 2004. The Stormwater Inspector prioritizes municipal
facilities for an inspection ranking (annual frequency), based upon internal evaluation criteria,
such as site size, nature of operation business practices, chemical or product quantities and/or
toxicity, spill history, general permit issuance or status, etc. Once the inspection ranking list is
finalized, the Stormwater Inspector evaluates the potential of each municipal facility or
operation to generate potential pollutants. If the municipal facility/operation has been issued a
general stormwater permit, the Stormwater Inspector determines onsite conditions and SPPP
compliance with permit requirements. Basic municipal operations or facilities receive an
abbreviated stormwater pollution plan, which concentrates on facility inspections, spill response
procedures, general site maps, and employee training. If needed, the Stormwater Inspector
refers the municipal facility to a qualified consultant for creation of a spill prevention, control,
and counter measure plan (SPCC), which complements SPPP requirements (but not to replace).
The inspection process focuses on current best management practices (BMPs) of
chemical/substances (e.g. salt, gasoline, soil, etc.) storage, waste disposal, outdoor processes
(e.g. vehicle and equipment washing), material un/loading, and automotive-related activities. In
addition, Stormwater staff evaluates the effectiveness of structural BMPs, stormwater discharge
outfall(s) condition, off-site erosion, and recommends corrective measures and/or BMP
implementation (nonstructural or structural) for the facility. All generated inspection reports are
posted on an internal shared drive as well as hard copies that are delivered to the Field
Operations Director, Mr. Keith Huff. The Stormwater Division retains an electronic copy and
hard copies of completed inspection forms. Once corrective measures have been installed or
implemented, stormwater personnel verify BMP effectiveness. The last comprehensive revision
to the city’s municipal inventory database was completed in 2020; an update was finalized by
the Stormwater Division during FY2020-2021 and is located at (G:\Industrial Inspection &
Municipal Goodhousekeeping\MGH&PP Program\Municipal Facilities\Master Municipal.xlsx

13.1(c) Site Pollution Prevention Plans for Municipal Facilities and Operations: The Stormwater
Division has identified 83 municipal facilities/operations that have the significant potential for
generating polluted stormwater runoff. As of June 29, 2021, 61municipal facilities/operations
44

have implemented stormwater pollution prevention plans (SPPPs) to remove pollutant exposure
to stormwater runoff (Tables 13.2 and 13.3). 22 municipal facilities/operations have been
designated for site pollution assessments/inspections with SWPPP creation and implementation,
if needed (Table 13.4). The Lowery Street Complex will be evaluated for vehicle-washing
BMPs during the coming permit years. (G:\Industrial Inspection & Municipal
Goodhousekeeping\MGH&PP Program\Municipal Facilities\Master Municipal.xlsx)

13.1(d) Spill Response Procedures for Municipal Facilities and Operations: For municipally
owned facilities that are not required to apply for a NPDES stormwater permit, an abbreviated
SWPPP has been created and implemented by City staff. A key component of this abbreviated
SWPPP is spill prevention and response plan and procedures that are site-specific. SPPPs
include site maps, facility inspections, GH and PM schedule, and SPPP certification. All SPPPs
have site maps, facility inspections, good housekeeping and preventive maintenance schedule
along with a SPPP certification. Each municipal operation/facility performs spill response
training on an annual basis. Table 13.3 contains a list of municipal facilities/operations that
have implemented an abbreviated SPPP.

13.1(e) Prevent or Minimize Contamination of Stormwater Runoff from all areas used for Vehicle
and Equipment Cleaning: Upon inspection of each municipal facility or operation, structural
and nonstructural BMPs are recommended for implementation. Stormwater staff promotes
vehicle/equipment washing at the Lowery Street Complex. These washing bays discharge into
an oil and water separator, which is connected into the sanitary sewer. Parking lots for
abandoned vehicles will be evaluated for installation of an oil and water separator. If BMPs
cannot be installed, the vehicle-washing activities will be performed in accordance with NPDES
requirements; selected BMPs will be incorporated into an abbreviated SWPPP to reflect on-site
practices and measures.

13.1 (f) Streets, Roads, and Public Parking Lots Maintenance: The Stormwater Division has
worked in collaborative efforts with Winston-Salem Transit Authority and Winston-Salem
Department of Transportation in order to identify pollutant-laden stormwater runoff from public
streets, roads, and parking lots. Selected BMPs for implementation include increased street
sweeping, enhanced MS4 trash and sediment removal, issuance of condensed spill response
plans and procedures for hydrocarbon releases and implementing a maintenance program for
existing stormwater control measures, which receive inputs from public streets and roads.

13.1(g) Inspection and Maintenance (I&M) for Municipally-owned or Maintained Stormwater
Control Measures (SCMs) and the Storm Sewer System: City Yard Field Operations has
developed and implemented a comprehensive operation and maintenance (O&M) program for
structural BMPs as well as the MS4. This O&M Program includes (but not limited to) these
activities:

• Street (right-of-way) structure maintenance (pipes and catch basins) – approximately 50
percent of total MS4 drainage structures are inspected and cleaned (if needed) once a year.
Structure condition is denoted, prioritized for repairing, when required.
• Street sweeping – the Sanitation Department ensures that the downtown business core
streets are swept daily to remove pollutants from roadways. The Sanitation Department
utilizes high efficiency vacuum street sweeper for maximum pollutant (e.g. trash, TSS,
fecal coliforms, and nutrient) removal. In addition, numerous municipal facilities (e.g.
Winston-Salem Transit Authority, City Hall North Parking Lot, etc.) utilize high
45

efficiency vacuum sweepers to remove any potential pollutants (oil and grease, TSS, fecal
coliforms, and nutrients) at a designated service interval.
• Structural SCMs maintenance: The Stormwater Division will inspect all municipally
owned SCMs to assess current site conditions during CY 2021. Then, Stormwater staff
will devise a prioritization plan for SCM maintenance or rehabilitation activities. Based
on the results of the prioritization plan, the Stormwater Engineer and Field Operations
Director will allocate funds and develop a critical path for returning SCMs to their
designed, operating condition. Maintenance activities will include vegetative control of
invasive species, sediment removal from forebays, trash and debris removal, and inlet and
outlet cleaning services.

13.1(h) Staff Training: A web-based power point presentation and booklet is mandatory for all current
and new municipal employees, which are not administrative positions, to view and synthesize
awareness information regarding good housekeeping practices as well as illicit discharge
identification and detection. Once training has been completed, City departments record each
employee’s name and employee ID number for documentation purposes and submit these
training logs to the Senior Community Educator. These educational materials serve for
refreshing current employees’ awareness of pollution prevention techniques. In addition, the
Stormwater Inspector performs inspections at specific municipal facilities, where enhanced staff
training is warranted. Lastly, Jason H. Bryant, Safety Inspector with the Risk Management
Department, dispenses IDDE booklets during safety audits.

13.20 Municipal Good Housekeeping and Pollution Prevention Annual Reporting Task Items
for FY 2020-2021

1. The Stormwater Inspector performed SPPP audits on selected municipal operations or
facilities. Elledge Wastewater Treatment Facility, Muddy Creek Wastewater Treatment
Facility, and Fleet Services were inspected by the Stormwater Inspector during FY 2020 -
2021. This list is located at G:\Industrial Inspection & Municipal
Goodhousekeeping\Indust_Inspect\Completed Ind Inspect_04-13\2020-2021
Inspections\MGH Based upon these inspections, the Stormwater Inspector recommended
63 BMPs for obtaining permit compliance as well as eliminating exposure of pollutants to
rainwater.
2. The Stormwater Engineer, Field Operations Director, and City Attorney’s Office will
create and implement a flow-process for ensuring proper maintenance and operation of all
municipally owned stormwater control measures (SCMs). This flow process should be
completed and approved by June 30, 2022.
3. The city will hire a professional consultant for creating a MS4 Inspection, Operation, and
Maintenance Plan during FY 2021-2022.
4. Newly hired City employees viewed the stormwater orientation video and receive a copy
of the handbook, Stormwater Runoff: Municipal Good Housekeeping and Pollution
Prevention. This will serve as a foundation to educate newly hired city employees
regarding proper pollution elimination or mitigation practices as well as observing and
report illicit discharges to the Stormwater Division. 210 city employees viewed and read
the proper pollution prevention and municipal good housekeeping educational literature
during FY 2020-2021. In addition, the Stormwater Inspector and Senior Community
Educator will continue to perform the annual refresher training for targeted city
employees, which is based on a priority ranking. Priority rankings are based on the last
time a facility was trained and or the last time a spill has occurred.
46

5. The Stormwater Division provided funding to 3RC, a facility that collects, disposes,
and/or recycles household hazardous materials in the city of Winston-Salem. During FY
2020-2021, 3RC recycled 540.42 tons of household hazardous waste.
6. The Sanitation Division will collect and compost leaves and vegetative material.
14,958.22 tons of vegetative material was collected and composted by the Sanitation and
Utilities Departments.
7. City Yard Field Operations removed and disposed trash and debris from the city’s right-
of-way stormwater collection system. During FY 2020-2021, Field Operations inspected
and cleaned 18,275 MS4 structures within the city’s right-of-way.
8. The Sanitation Division continued to perform streets sweeping activities within the
municipal limits with increased efforts directed to the Downtown business core. 2,798
linear miles were swept during FY 2020-2021.
9. For FY 2022-2023, the Field Operations Director will attempt to procure budgetary
funding for SPPP creation for identified municipal operations/facilities (Table 13.4).

47

14. MONITOR and EVALUATE STORMWATER DISCHARGES to
MUNICIPAL SYSTEMS

Objective:

1. Evaluate pollutants in stormwater discharges to the permittee’s MS4 from hazardous waste
treatment, disposal and recovery facilities, industrial facilities subject to Section 313 of
Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA), and
industrial facilities that the Permittee determines are contributing or having a potential to
contribute a substantial pollutant loading to the municipal storm sewer system.

14.1 BMP Summary Table
BMP Measurable Goals PY
18-19
PY
19-20
PY
20-21
PY
21-22
PY
22-23
RESPONSIBLE
POSITION/PARTY
a
Maintain an
Inventory of
Industrial Sites
A complete list has been
generated and updated by
the Stormwater Division.
This list consists of
industrial facilities that
are permitted as defined
by 40 CFR 122.26, SARA
Title III, Resource
Conservation & Recovery
Act (i.e. hazardous waste)
or identified as
having/had an illicit
discharge. The last
update was completed in
November 2020.
x x x x x Stormwater Inspector

b Inspection Program
Created and implemented
in early 2004, the
Stormwater Division has
proactively inspected
NPDES industrial
facilities. Our current
inventory prioritization is
based upon the potential
impacts to surface waters
and the amount of times
facility has been inspected
per permit cycle.
Inspection procedures
were last modified in
November 2020.
x x x x x Stormwater Inspector

c

Evaluate Industrial
Facilities
discharging
stormwater to the
City’s MS4
During the on-site
inspection, the
Stormwater Inspector
evaluates analytical and
qualitative sampling data,
visual field observations
of the stormwater
discharge outfalls, and
BMP effectiveness.

x

x

x

x

x

Stormwater Inspector

48

Best Management Practices for the Program to Monitor and Evaluate Stormwater Discharges to
Municipal Systems:

14.1(a) Maintain an Inventory of Industrial Sites: A complete list has been created by the
Stormwater Division. This list consists of industrial facilities that are permitted as defined by
40 CFR 122.26, SARA Title III, hazardous waste facilities, or identified as having or had an
illicit discharge. The Stormwater Division updated this master list in November of 2020;
updating will occur semiannually. All data will be stored digitally in our database and will be
updated semiannually to maintain the most current inventory. This information can be located at
G:\Industrial Inspection & Municipal Goodhousekeeping\Indust_Inspect\City Industrial
Information\Industrial Master.xlsx.

14.1(b) Inspection Program: Our current techniques are based upon revised 2006 EPA inspection
methods, which include observations of effectiveness of nonstructural and structural BMPs, the
facility’s stormwater collection system and stormwater discharge outfalls, site maps, and
validation of written SPPP information to actual field observations.

The City of Winston-Salem has prioritized industrial facilities within its municipal limits to be
inspected. The Stormwater Division used the following sources to generate the list:

1. EPA’s Envirofacts Database for Toxic Release Inventory (SARA Title III) and RCRA
(hazardous waste treatment, disposal, and recovery) facilities (updated semiannually)
2. NC Department of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources Database (General and Individual
Permitted industrial facilities, as per 40 CFR 122.26) (updated semiannually)
3. The City of Winston-Salem Facilities’ Database (municipal operations/facilities that are
permitted under 40 CFR 122.26) (updated semiannually, or as needed)
4. Illicit Discharge Reports (updated as needed and after each occurrence)

When combining the above-mentioned databases, facilities that appeared multiple times due to
their industrial activities and governmental regulations were ranked. As a result, the
Stormwater Division assigned these industrial facilities with a ‘high-priority’ ranking due to the
elevated probability of significant adverse impact to surface waters. The Stormwater Inspector
will target these facilities for inspections; our goal is to inspect every permitted facility once
every five years. Appendix B contains industrial and municipal facilities that were inspected
during FY 2020-2021 by the Stormwater staff.

14.1(c) Evaluate Industrial Facilities discharging stormwater to the City’s MS4: During the SPPP
review, Stormwater staff evaluates first flush data regarding benchmark values from the NPDES
permit to determine to status before arrival. Once onsite for an inspection, a visual field
observation of the stormwater collection system, current and past conditions of stormwater
discharge outfalls (by means of qualitative monitoring records), and effectiveness of
nonstructural and structural BMPs are observed. If needed, Stormwater staff will request copies
of each sampling event to monitor results based upon the status of the permitted facility.
Stormwater staff will update the master list to identify if the permitted facility is located within
a TMDL watershed and/or discharges the TMDL pollutant of concern. The Stormwater
Division maintains a good working relationship with the NC Division of Energy, Mineral and
Land Resources (DEMLR), Winston-Salem Regional Office. A copy of every completed
inspection and re-inspection form must be forwarded to Levi Hiatt, Assistant Regional
Engineer, who handles stormwater related duties for the Winston-Salem Regional Office
(WSRO) or the current Assistant Regional Engineer at the time of submittal.
49

14.2 Monitor and Evaluate Stormwater Discharges to Municipal Systems Annual Reporting
Task Items for FY 2020 – 2021
1. The Stormwater Inspector conducted 18 inspections/reinspections of permitted industrial
facilities that discharge stormwater runoff to the city’s MS4. 13 facilities successfully
achieved compliance, as of June 30, 2021, to yield an annual compliance rate of 72
percent. Five facilities are in a status of ‘pending’ since time extensions were granted by
the Stormwater Inspector. This information is located at G:\Industrial Inspection &
Municipal Goodhousekeeping\Indust_Inspect\City Industrial Information\Industrial Issues
to be Resolved.xlsx.
2. All completed inspection forms of general permitted facilities, which was performed by
the city’s Stormwater Inspector, was sent electronically to the Winston-Salem Regional
Office of NC DEQ. As a result, the Stormwater Division reported all inadequate, tiered
responses, based on the reviewed data and BMPs, if applicable, to NC DEQ.
3. During FY 2020-2021, the Stormwater Inspector examined nine industrial facilities within
designated TMDL watersheds. This information is located at G:\Industrial Inspection &
Municipal Goodhousekeeping\Indust_Inspect\City Industrial Information\Industrial
Inspections.xlsx
4. The Stormwater Inspector updated the Stormwater Division’s industrial inventory master
list on April 13, 2021. The Stormwater Inspector downloaded applicable facilities from
EPA’s Envirofacts Database regarding Toxic Release Inventory, the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (hazardous waste treatment, disposal, and recovery), and
general and individual stormwater permitted facilities from NC DEQ’s website. Once
downloaded, the database lists are consolidated and compared to the city’s existing master
list – any absence facilities are included into the city’s master list. The city’s current
industrial inventory is located at G:\Industrial Inspection & Municipal
Goodhousekeeping\Indust_Inspect\City Industrial Information\Industrial Master.xlsx.

50

15. WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT and MONITORING

Objective:

5. Evaluate the impacts of the MS4 discharges on surface water quality.

15.1 BMPs for Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring
BMP Measurable
Goals
PY
18-19
PY
19-20
PY
20-21
PY
21-22
PY
22-23
RESPONSIBLE
POSITIONS
a
Water Quality
Assessment and
Monitoring Plan
The Stormwater
Division has created
and implemented a
water quality
assessment and
monitoring plan.
The last update was
in August 2020.
x x x x x

Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater
Technicians

Stormwater Inspector
b Water Quality
Monitoring
In April 2006, The
Water Quality
Assessment and
Monitoring Plan was
created and
implemented. On
September 2020, the
city of Winston-
Salem’s Water
Quality Assessment
and Monitoring Plan
was submitted to
DEMLR on October
6, 2020.
x x x x x
Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater
Technicians

Stormwater Inspector

15.1(a) Fixed Interval Stream Sampling Program: Water quality samples are collected on a
quarterly, fixed interval basis at each monitoring site – thirteen monitoring locations have been
strategically selected throughout the municipal boundaries. Samples are collected in a
composite method, except for fecal coliforms, which is a grab sample in accordance with 40
CFR 136.3. Composite samples are collected every 15 minutes in 100 milliliter aliquots for a
24-hour period. Parameters analyzed by a multiparameter meter are immediately obtained and
recorded streamside. Appendix C contains all tabular data from the city’s fixed internal
sampling program; Appendix D provides maps of these sampling locations. This can be found
at the following location:
G:\Techn_Projects_Files\Water Sampling\Stormwater Sampling Databases.

15.1(a) Water Quality Monitoring Program: On a quarterly basis, we collect instantaneous results at
17 monitoring locations, which have been strategically selected throughout the municipal
boundaries of Winston Salem. The overarching goals of this monitoring program are detection
of illicit discharges/releases as well as evaluating the long-term trend analysis of baseline water
quality within non-TMDL watersheds. Samples are collected in dry and wet weather conditions
to detect point sources of illicit discharges as well as determining pollutant loading during all
weather conditions. Stormwater staff collects instantaneous water meter parameters, which
include ammonia (mg/L), pH (standard units), dissolved oxygen saturation percentage,
51

dissolved oxygen (mg/L), temperature (degrees Celsius), conductivity (microsiemens per a
centimeter), total dissolved solids (mg/L), and nitrate (mg/L). This can be found at the
following location G:\Techn_Projects_Files\Water Sampling\Stormwater Sampling Databases.

15.1(a) TMDL Monitoring Program: On a quarterly basis, Stormwater staff collects instantaneous
water quality parameters (the same parameters listed above) as well as laboratory grab samples
of fecal coliforms at 22 strategic locations throughout Brushy Fork Creek, Peters Creek, and
Salem Creek Watersheds. By collecting a large population of samples, Stormwater staff will be
able to rank impaired stream segments by fecal coliform concentrations. Once stream segments
are ranked, staff will systemically sample and identify the most impaired outfalls or subbasins
for the potential of installing stormwater control measures. The city collects samples in both
dry and wet weather conditions, since the state collected and analyzed fecal coliforms during
these conditions for TMDL development. This methodology will allow Stormwater staff to
perform comparative analyses for evaluating pollutant loading. Appendix E contains all TMDL
monitoring data for FY 2020-2021 in tabular form.

15.2 Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring Annual Report Task Items for FY 2020-2021:

1. Stormwater staff performs quarterly, fixed interval sampling at 13 locations throughout
Winston-Salem for pollutant perimeters of BOD, TSS, TDS, Turbidity, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Total &
Dissolved Cu, Total & Dissolved Zn, Total & Dissolved P, NO2, NO3, TKN, and fecal
coliforms. During FY 2020 – 2021, Stormwater staff collected 936 water samples with certified
laboratory analyses and 432 water samples were collected within Salem, Brushy Fork, and
Peters Creek Watersheds.
2. Stormwater staff will continue to perform quarterly water quality monitoring at 17 locations
for the instantaneous results of ammonia, pH, and dissolved oxygen saturation percentage,
dissolved oxygen, temperature, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and nitrate. Stormwater
staff collected and analyzed 1,071 instantaneous parameters via portable YSI and Hach
multiparameter meters during both dry and wet weather conditions.
3. Stormwater staff will continue to perform TMDL monitoring at 22 locations for the
instantaneous parameters of ammonia, pH, and dissolved oxygen saturation percentage,
dissolved oxygen concentration, temperature, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and nitrate.
Total suspended solids and fecal coliforms parameters are analyzed at a North Carolina certified
laboratory. Stormwater staff collected and analyzed 1,491 instantaneous and certified
laboratory parameters in Salem, Peters, and Brushy Fork Creek Watersheds during dry and wet
weather conditions.

52

16. TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOADS (TMDLs)

Salem Creek Watershed TMDL

Objectives:

1. The permittee shall determine whether the MS4 discharges to receiving waters within a
TMDL watershed and identify the pollutant(s) of concern (POC). For all TMDLs with a
NPDES MS4 regulated stormwater waste load allocation (WLA) assigned to the
permittee, the permittee shall determine whether the POC have potential to occur in MS4
stormwater discharges.

2. The permittee will utilize BMPs within the six minimum measures and the permittee’s
TMDL Plan(s) to meet the permittee’s assigned NPDES MS4 regulated WLA identified in
the approved TMDL to the maximum extent practical and to the extent allowable by law.

3. If subject to an approved TMDL with a NPDES MS4 regulated WLA assigned to the
permittee, the permittee will be considered in compliance with the TMDL if the permittee
complies with the conditions of this permit, including developing and implementing
appropriate BMPs within the six minimum measures to address the permittee’s MS4
NPDES regulated WLA to the maximum extent practical (MEP). While improved water
quality is expected outcome, the permittee’s obligation is to implement BMPs designed to
address the NPDES MS4 regulated WLA assigned to the permittee to the maximum extent
practical (MEP). The permittee is not responsible for attaining water quality standards
(WQS). The Division expects attaining WQS will only be achieved through reduction
from all point and nonpoint source contributors identified in the approved TMDL.

TMDL Plans (as it pertains to the city of Winston-Salem’s approved plan):

1. If the permittee has an existing TMDL Plan designed to address the NPDES MS4
regulated WLA assigned to the permittee, that includes monitoring to evaluate progress,
and which addresses the POC through the six minimum control measures; it satisfies the
objectives of this Section.

16.1 Salem Creek Watershed TMDL BMP Summary Table
BMP Measurable Goals PY
18-19
PY
19-20
PY
20-21
PY
21-22
PY
22-23
RESPONSIBLE
POSITION/PARTY
a
Identify,
Describe, and
Map Watershed,
Outfalls, and
Streams
A comprehensive master
plan update of Salem,
Brushy Fork, and Peters
Creek Watersheds was in
2011. GIS data was
collected, which includes
perennial streams, major
stormwater outfalls, and
MS4 conveyance systems.
A revised reassessment
period has been scheduled
during FY 2022 - 2023 for
these watersheds.
X
Field Operations Director

Civil Engineer

HDR Engineering
53

b
Evaluate
Existing
Measures
The city of Winston Salem
has implemented 14
nonstructural BMPs and
stormwater control measures
(SCMs) to reduce fecal
coliform pollution within the
Salem Creek Watershed, as
well as contributing
tributaries.
X X X X X
Senior Civil Engineer

Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Senior Community
Educator

c
Assessment of
Available
Monitoring
Data
Historical water quality data
shows continual fecal
coliform pollution, with
most results exceeding 400
cfu/100 milliliters. The last
comprehensive data analysis
occurred in 2015.
X X X
Assistant Stormwater
Director

Stormwater Operations
Supervisor
d Monitoring Plan
The Stormwater Division
performed a comprehensive
program evaluation of its
TMDL monitoring plan to
become more efficient and
effective. These improved
screening and trending
methods were implemented
in July 2019.
X X X X X
Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater Engineering
Technicians

Stormwater Inspector
e Additional
Measures
The Stormwater Division
has identified ten
nonstructural BMPs and
SCMs for pollutant
reduction within the Salem
Creek Watershed.
X X X X X
Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater Engineering
Technicians

Senior Community
Educator

Erosion Control Inspector
f Implementation
Plan
The City’s Capital
Improvement Plan (CIP)
comprises of six
structural/nonstructural
BMPs for reducing pollutant
loadings.
X X X X X
Senior Civil Engineer

Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater Inspector

Stormwater Engineering
Technicians
g Incremental
Success
The Stormwater Division
uses Excel spreadsheets and
geodatabase layers to track
and report completed work
items, which are directly
based on the six minimum
measures. The Stormwater
Division anticipates that
once a critical amount of
measures has been
implemented, instream
monitoring will show a
decreasing pollutant trend
line.
X X X X X
Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater Engineering
Technicians

Stormwater Inspector

Assistant Stormwater
Director
54

h Reporting
The Stormwater Division
will furnish all completed,
supporting documentation to
DEMLR. This
documentation will include
all monitoring and workload
data as well as any
observable trends and/or
water quality assessments.
The Stormwater Division’s
annual report will serve as
the reporting mechanism to
DEMLR.
X X X X X
Assistant Stormwater
Director

Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

16.1(a) Identify, Describe, and Map Watershed, Outfalls, and Streams: The City of Winston-Salem
has completed comprehensive watershed masterplan updates of Salem, Brushy Fork, and Peters
Creek Watersheds in 2011. GIS data was collected for these TMDL watersheds; survey-grade
stormwater MS4 attribute data (e.g. structure type and elevation, pipe diameter and material,
etc.) is collected by a contracted North Carolina Registered Surveyor. A consultant, HDR
Engineering, performs QA/QC measures on the survey data, extrapolates pipe elevations to
integrate flow directional trajectories for tracking IDDE discharges, and then, delivers a
complete geodatabase to the Stormwater Division. During this inventory scan, the surveyor and
HDR staff collects major discharge outfall (SDO) and stream data. If HDR staff encounters any
dry weather flows at major SDOs, the Stormwater Division is notified, and staff evaluates the
unidentified flow for pollutants. If pollutants are detected, Stormwater staff tracks and
eliminates the illicit source. In addition, the Stormwater Division received hydraulic and
hydrological modeling data as well as pollutant loading data for future SCM implementation
projects. A revised reassessment date for these watersheds is scheduled for in FY 2022 - 2023.

16.1(b) Existing Measures: The city of Winston-Salem has implemented various stormwater control
measures (SCMs) and nonstructural BMPs in order to reduce fecal coliform loading within the
Salem Creek Watershed. During FY 2020-2021, the Stormwater Division continued to
maintain these programmatic SCMs/BMPs:

Existing Measures Status Explanation to Reduce Pollutant of
Concern
Central District PTRP Wet Pond –
captures first flush of runoff from the
adjacent Piedmont Triad Research Park. In
addition, 355 acres of ultra-urban drainage
area discharges to the pond. Pond has a
surface area of 2.98 acres and average depth
of ten feet (in the lower pond).
100 percent complete –
SCM identified for
maintenance and
replacement activities.
Designed to remove 85 percent TSS
removal from influent, since fecal coliforms
adhere to TSS, a reduction in TSS should
yield a fecal coliform reduction of 50
percent. These reductions pertain to the
PTRP drainage area only.
Utilities Construction & Maintenance
Division
*Pipe Bursting and Slipping Program
*Lift Station Repair and Rehabilitation
Program
*Flood Reduction Projects – Inflow and
Infiltration
100 percent complete;
on-going operation
80 percent of the City’s sewer collection
system uses gravity for transporting sewage
to the POTW. As a result, significant
portions of sewer truck lines are positioned
adjacent to streams. Targeted rehabilitation
projects will be prioritized based upon
constitutes of SSOs, such as grease, roots,
and infrastructure age.
Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination
Program (IDDE) - the Stormwater Division
performs stream sampling at 39 designated
locations throughout Winston-Salem on a
quarterly frequency. Of the 39 total

100 percent complete
with on-going
By proactively finding sanitary sewer
overflows (SSOs) and reducing the quantity
of sewage, the amount of fecal coliform
pollution is minimized. As a result, the
regeneration of fecal coliform bacteria
55

locations, 22 sites are strategically situated in
Salem, Brushy Fork, and Peters Creek
Watersheds.
programmatic, permit
activities

within the stream matrix is reduced, which
facilitates the recovery of the biotic
ecosystem at a more rapid rate.

Stream Walking (IDDE Program
Component) – For PY 2020-2021, the
Stormwater Division has contracted HDR
Engineering to perform stream-walking
within designated, impaired waterways.
SDO dry weather flows are referred to
Stormwater staff for further investigation.

100 percent complete
with on-going
programmatic, permit
activities

By proactively finding and eliminating
illicit sewer discharges and connections,
staff reduces the quantity of sewage
released to surface waters. As a result, the
total amount of released fecal coliform
pollution is reduced.
Public Education – Scoop-the-Poop
campaign for fecal coliform reduction. The
public educator highlights the detriments of
fecal coliform pollution within a riverine
ecosystem as well as ‘factoids’ of feces (e.g.
the amount of fecal coliform bacteria per a
gram of fecal matter, the average weight of a
dog’s bowel movement, etc.)
100 percent complete;
on-going permit
activities
By making pet owners aware of the
detriment of fecal coliform pollution, the
Stormwater Division wishes to facilitate a
behavioral change in citizens. If citizens
remove feces from the open environment,
the exposure of fecal coliform bacteria to
stormwater runoff has been eliminated.
Pet Waste Stations - the Senior Community
Educator has identified pet waste collection
stations within green spaces throughout
Winston-Salem, including the downtown
area. 35 of these 48 pet waste stations are in
the Salem, Brushy Fork, and Peters Creek
Watersheds.

100 percent complete;
continuous operation

Stations provide ease of access for pet
owners to discard fecal waste and remove
from the open environment. To encourage
participation, the City furnishes waste bags
to the public, which are positioned on top of
the waste reticle. By eliminating the
exposure of fecal matter to the runoff,
bacteria are not discharged into waterways.
Pet Waste Ordinance – the City of
Winston-Salem has a forcible ordinance that
requires pet owners to pick up fecal matter
within its municipal boundaries.

100 percent complete;
continuous operation

By requiring pet owners to pick up fecal
matter from their pets, the exposure of
stormwater runoff to fecal coliforms has
been eliminated, thus reducing the fecal
pollution load to receiving waters.
Erosion and Sediment Control Ordinance
- the City of Winston-Salem continues to
enforce its Sediment and Erosion Control
Ordinance, as per the 1973 Sedimentation
Control Act. Erosion control devices must
be installed and maintained for disturbed
areas greater than 10,000 square feet to retain
soils on-site.
100 percent complete;
continuous operation
Fecal coliforms are transported to receiving
waters by soil particles. In addition, fecal
coliform bacteria become resuspended once
discharged into the water matrix. As a
result, fecal coliform bacteria proliferate at
an increased rate and degrade surface waters
more rapidly. Thus, a decreased sediment
load yields reduced fecal coliforms to
receiving waters.

SUSTAIN Modeling Study – HDR
Engineering preformed an EPA SUSTAIN
model for the Salem Creek Watershed.
Eleven SCMs were identified for potential
installation or retrofit opportunities.
Washington Dog Park is the top prioritized
water quality CIP – this project was
completed in late 2019.

100 percent complete
Based upon screening criteria, the
consultant determined that eleven sites
could be retrofitted or installed for
bioretention cells or stormwater wet ponds.
The modeling results showed that these
eleven sites might produce a 1.9 percent
reduction of fecal coliform pollution. The
associated costs would total $15,113,135.
56

Ditch Repair and Stabilization Program –
the Streets Division hires a private contractor
to repair and stabilize ditches within the
public right-of-way.
100 percent complete;
continuous operation
City Yard, Field Operations assesses and
prioritizes earthen conveyance swales for
ribbed and paved roadways. A private
contractor restores channel capacity to the
ditch by removing trash, sediment, or
excessive vegetation. If needed, the
contractor reestablishes vegetative cover
within the ditch line to eliminate
sedimentation to receiving waters.

70/30 Cost Share Drainage Improvement
Projects on Private Property – the city of
Winston Salem participates in repairing
private drainage conveyances, structures, or
channels. The City pays 70 percent of total
costs - the private party pays the remaining
30 percent.

The City of Winston-
Salem offers its citizens
a cost share program for
public assistance to
mitigate drainage issues
on private property.
One of the project
qualifying criteria is
severe erosion of
earthen conveyances or
stream banks.

The Stormwater staff offers advice to
residential property owners regarding
stream stabilization techniques and
practices to reduce erosion.
Fats, Oil, and Grease (FOG) Reduction
Program – the City/County Utilities
Division has adopted and implemented a
FOG Reduction Program to remove excess
cooking and petroleum oils and grease prior
to entering the sewer collection system.
Responsible parties must have their
grease/oil separators pumped out by licensed
haulers at scheduled frequencies.
100 percent complete;
continuous operation
Grease and oil are the second-leading cause
of sewer overflows that reach surface waters
within the City of Winston-Salem. By
requiring grease/oil interceptors to be
properly maintained, these passive devices
can effectively retain grease from entering
the sewer collective system. As a result, the
quantity of released sewage (and fecal
coliforms) is reduced to streams.
Washington Dog Park – a bioretention cell
will receive the first inch of stormwater
runoff from the upland drainage area. Storm
flows greater than the first inch will be
diverted to Salem Creek. Vegetative
Management and Streets Drainage Divisions
will perform routine maintenance on the sand
filter.
100 percent complete
and in continuous
operation. SCM has
been designated for first
year inspection with
possible maintenance
activities.

The Washington Dog Park is located within
75 feet of Salem Creek’s top of bank. The
park is the only and heavily used dog
recreational area within Winston-Salem. A
pet waste receptacle is positioned at the
park’s only access point.

Blum Park Wetland – a stormwater
wetland, within the Upper Peters Creek
Watershed, that was constructed and placed
on-line during FY 2015 - 2016. This 1.3-
acre wetland was designed to receive the first
inch of rainfall from the upland drainage
area; this wetland serves as a focal point for
the surrounding neighborhood.
100 percent complete
and in continuous
operation. SCM has
been designated for
inspection and
maintenance activities.
The wetland receives stormwater runoff
from a drainage area of 168 acres, which is
very diverse in upland land usage. Land
uses of the drainage basin include light
industrial, commercial business,
institutional, and high density residential.
These land uses have potential to export
nutrients, fecal coliforms, thermal, and
metal pollutants, thus validating the need
for this SCM.

16.1(c) Assessment of Available TMDL Monitoring Data: The Stormwater Division performed a
programmatic review of its TMDL Sampling Plan in September 2019. One of the salient points
of the review included the lack of a substantial fecal coliform data population. As a result, the
Stormwater Division designated 22 in-stream monitoring locations throughout Salem, Peters,
and Brushy Fork Watersheds. Stormwater staff collects water quality samples on a quarterly
basis; however, COVID caused two missed sampling events during 2020. Thus, Stormwater
staff has collected three TMDL sampling events since September 2019. As more data becomes
57

available, Stormwater staff will perform basic statistical analyses to rank the stream segments
by the level of impairment (i.e. the higher the geometric mean at the sampling location, the
more level of pollutant loading). A preliminary stream ranking order will be included in the
Stormwater Division’s 2020-2021 Annual Report. As more data is collected, the Stormwater
Division will perform annual trend analysis to observe increasing, decreasing, or constant fecal
coliform concentrations within Brushy Fork Creek, Peters Creek, or Salem Creek Watersheds.

16.1(d) TMDL Monitoring Program: On a quarterly basis, Stormwater staff collects instantaneous
water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen - concentration and percent saturation, total
dissolved solids, conductivity, temperature, pH, nitrate, and ammonia) as well as certified
laboratory results of fecal coliforms at 22 strategic locations throughout Brushy Fork Creek,
Peters Creek, and Salem Creek Watersheds. By collecting a large population of samples,
Stormwater staff will be able to rank impaired stream segments by fecal coliform
concentrations. Once stream segments are ranked, staff will systemically sample and identify
the most impaired outfalls or subbasins for the potential of installing stormwater control
measures. The city collects samples in both dry and wet weather conditions, since the state
collected and analyzed fecal coliforms during these conditions for TMDL development. This
methodology will allow Stormwater staff to perform comparative analyses for evaluating
pollutant loading.

16.1(e) Additional Measures: The city of Winston-Salem anticipates the implementation of numerous
nonstructural BMPs in order to expand current pollutant reduction strategies within the Salem
Creek Watersheds. By expanding current BMP strategies to the maximum extent practical, the
City hopes to benefit from synergic pollutant reductions within the targeted watershed. The
following matrix presents expanded measures (with corresponding explanations) to reduce fecal
coliform loadings within the Salem Creek Watershed:

Additional Measures Explanation of Designed Measures to Achieve
MS4’s NPDES WLA to the MEP
Responsible Staff for
Implementation
Perform Goodhousekeeping
Awareness Education with
local Animal Shelters
By evaluating current business practices, the
Stormwater Division wishes to provide local
shelters with new or modified cleaning methods to
prevent or eliminate fecal coliform exposure to the
open environment.
Senior Community Educator
Perform a collaborated
awareness program with the
city’s Parks and Recreation for
signage and pet waste
collection stations at
frequently used municipally
owned areas. In addition, a
stormwater representative will
perform on-site educational
presentations with park users.
The Stormwater Division wishes citizens to have a
heightened awareness of the detrimental effects of
bacterial pollution to receiving waters. Thus, the
overarching goal of this measure is to highlight the
importance of collecting pet waste and eliminating
the exposure of fecal coliforms to runoff.
Senior Community Educator
58

Facilitate a private-public
partnership for pet waste
receptacle placement in
common areas of high-density
residential housing.
By having readily access to disposal bins, the
Stormwater Division anticipates targeted residents
to use waste stations rather than leaving fecal
matter on the ground.
Senior Community Educator
Evaluate municipal operations
and facilities (e.g. Winston
Golf Course, City Yard
Dewatering Facility, etc.) for
opportunities of fecal coliform
reduction.
The goal of this measure entails the modification
of work practices to eliminate fecal coliform
exposure to the environment. By eliminating fecal
coliform exposure, the overall waste load
allocation is reduced.
Stormwater Inspector

Other City Divisions
Explore new methodologies of
locating and removing failing
septic tank systems from
discharging into receiving
waters/MS4.
By utilizing GIS tools in conjunction with issued
septic tank permits, the Stormwater Division
anticipates being able to proactively locate
potential ‘hot spots’ of septic tank failures.
Forsyth County Department of
Health

Stormwater Operations
Supervisor

Stormwater Technicians
Perform water quality
sampling from municipally
owned properties SDOs that
have a great potential to
discharge fecal coliforms.
By validating fecal coliform pollutant
concentrations, the Stormwater Division can
justify and prioritize capital improvement funds
for structural control measure expenditures. The
Stormwater Division can maximize the pollutant
removal efficiency per dollars spent. An overall
reduction to the City’s WLA is expected from
implementing structural control measures.
Stormwater Technicians

Stormwater Inspector

Stormwater Operations
Supervisor
Explore the potential to
perform street sweeping
activities in ‘hot spot’ areas
(e.g. Sanitation Truck Yard,
Hanes Mill Landfill) within
impaired watersheds that
focuses on fecal coliform
reduction.
Due to the nature of some municipal operations,
fecal coliform bacteria have the potential to be
discharged into receiving streams. By
commencing street sweeping activities at these
selected areas, the city will eliminate or mitigate
pollutant loading to surface waters.
Stormwater Inspector

Other City Divisions

Field Operations Director
Continued rehabilitation of
infrastructure collection
systems (sanitary sewer and
stormwater) for continuous
and effective operation.
Aging infrastructure creates conditions that permit
fecal coliform pollution to persist, which include
hydraulic overloading, sedimentation due to
structural failures, and riverine flooding.
Rehabilitation improvement projects will reduce
fecal coliform loading by eliminating failure
causes.
Utilities Construction &
Maintenance Division

Field Operations, City Yard

16.1(f) Implementation Plan: The city of Winston-Salem plans to implement the following structural
and nonstructural BMPs in order to reduce fecal coliform pollution within the Salem Creek
Watershed, in accordance with permit requirements. Appendix F contains a five-year capital
improvement project (CIP) list of proposed structural SCMs; numerous of these listed projects
support fecal coliform load reduction within the city of Winston-Salem.

Structural/Nonstructural Control
Measures Explanation of Desired Outcomes Status and Schedule
59

Sanitation Collection Truck
Storage Yard – stormwater runoff is
conveyed from Sanitation’s garbage
truck storage lot into three sand filters
for infiltration treatment.
These SCMs are designed to infiltrate
stormwater runoff through an engineered sand
media to facilitate pathogen die-off, thus,
reducing fecal coliform loading to Brushy
Fork Creek.
As required, the three sand filters
will be inspected by certified
professional in FY 2021-2022.
Based on inspection results,
maintenance activities will be
performed by city resources or
subcontracted to an external
entity.
TMDL Monitoring Plan – a
program evaluation was performed by
staff, which revealed several
information gaps within the
monitoring plan. To devise a clearer
and effective strategic TMDL
masterplan, the Stormwater Division
has implemented more sampling
locations to identify fecal coliform
sources from contributing drainage
areas.
By incorporating new procedures into its
Monitoring Plan, the Stormwater Division will
be able to prioritize drainage areas for
stormwater management controls. In addition,
Stormwater staff becomes able to determine
the appropriate nonstructural/structural control
measures for implementation.
New sampling procedures have
been finalized with Stormwater
staff with training completed
regarding program amendments.
The new sampling procedures
were implemented in September
2019.
Salem Creek Structural Control
Masterplan – a consultant performed
an assessment of the Salem Creek
Watershed to generate a prospective
list of sites for SCM placement.
Once identified, computer modeling
was used to develop a priority
ranking system for SCM type, size,
and projected costs.
The masterplan serves as a long-term strategic
blueprint to achieving the MS4’s waste load
allocation. By strategically placing structural
control measures on sites with high pollutant
loadings, the Stormwater Division can validate
the cost-effectiveness and removal efficiency
to the public, elected officials, and the City
Manager’s Office. In addition, the Stormwater
Division may develop a long-term capital
improvement project performa spending plan
for Council’s approval.
This SCM masterplan was
completed and delivered to the
Stormwater Division in July of
2013. The first water quality
project, Washington Dog Park
Sand Filter, was completed and
operational in January 2020. 15
sites are remaining for SCM
retrofit/installation opportunities.
City Yard Dewatering Facility – as
a byproduct of street sweeping and
MS4 cleaning operations, the
collected debris, trash, and particulate
matter must be dewatered prior to
disposal at the appropriate, licensed
landfill.
The leachate from street sweeping and MS4
cleaning activities is elevated in nutrients,
metals, BOD, and fecal coliform pollutants.
By placing dewatering operations under roof,
and discharging leachate to the sanitary sewer,
the exposure of these pollutants to the open
environment will be eliminated. The City
Yard Dewatering Facility will be constructed
in the Salem Creek Watershed, where current
dewatering operations reside.
This capital improvement project
is estimated to cost
approximately $250,000 with a
projected completion date of
December 2023.

16.1(g) Incremental Success: The Stormwater Division utilizes various mechanisms to document,
analyze, and report incremental successes to achieve WLA reduction. The methodology used
for documenting measure success (and ultimately, wasteload reduction) depends on measure
type (i.e. nonstructural and structural). However, the Stormwater Division has proposed the
below-posted means for validating pollutant reduction loading to the effectiveness of
implemented control measures. These methods include:
• Perform water quality sampling for targeted pollutants at the inlet and outlet points of a
SCM during the first flush portion of a storm event. Once a SCM is constructed and
operational, Stormwater staff will perform, at a minimum, one confirmation sampling
event, to validate pollutant reduction. The pollutant removal efficiency will be recorded
on a spreadsheet; an annual pollutant reduction will be extrapolated for the SCM.
60

• Continue to submit completed workload data and programmatic task items to DEMLR via
the Annual Report.
• Long-term, in-stream pollutant data will need to be collected, at designated sampling
locations, to observe pollutant deductions in wasteload allocation reductions within
subwatersheds. Due to the dynamic nature of biological ecosystems as well as the large
percentage of pollutant reduction required, the Stormwater Division needs a substantial
data population to observe percent reductions. As the number of SCMs/BMPs increases
within a subwatershed, the Stormwater Division anticipates that the observable, pollutant
trend line should decrease.
• Whenever possible, use scientific journal articles (or similar professionally peer-reviewed
literature), quality controlled/assured laboratory analyses (from a North Carolina certified
laboratory), or professional engineered-sealed material when validating reduction
methodologies for this TMDL Implementation Plan. Any best professional assumptions
must be qualified with footnotes within supporting documents.

16.2 Salem Creek Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Annual Report Task Items for FY 2020-
2021:

1. 825 linear feet of restored drainage ditches within the Salem Creek Watershed (and contributing
tributaries) for total suspended solids reduction.

2. During TMDL sampling, instantaneous results of ammonia, pH, and dissolved oxygen percent
saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, temperature, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and
nitrate are collected. This information is located at G:\Techn_Projects_Files\Water
Sampling\Stormwater Sampling Databases\Current. Stormwater staff collected 606 instanteous
meter results - 100% of all detected illicit discharges were eliminated.

3. HDR staff walked over 30 miles of streams within Salem Creek, Peters Creek, and Brushy Fork
Watersheds during dry weather conditions. Four major outfalls were suspected potential illicit
discharges: further investigative activities (including multiparameter instanteous readings) by
Stormwater staff proved no present illicit discharges.

4. The Stormwater Division is furnishing all FY 2020-2021 fecal coliform data from all 22 TMDL
sampling locations. This data set is contained in Appendix E.

5. Stormwater staff calculated the geometric mean (expressed in units of cfu/100 mL) for the 22
TMDL sites and created a priority ranking, based upon the most polluted stream segments. The
top three polluted stream segments (during dry weather conditions) are Peters Creek at the
Antique Dealership (3,862), Burke Creek at Northbridge Road (Salem Creek Watershed, 3,795),
and Brushy Fork at Reynolds Park Road (2,715). For wet weather conditions, the top impaired
stream segments are Peters Creek at Glenn Avenue (93,800), Bowen Branch at 25th Street
(Brushy Fork Creek Watershed, 19,135), and Peter Creek at the Antique Dealership (16,933).
Based on the FY 2020-2021 TMDL fecal coliform sampling data, Peters Creek Watershed is the
most impaired watershed. Within the Peters Creek Watershed, the most impaired stream segment
from Peters Creek at Hanes Park to Peters Creek at the Antique Dealership. For FY 2021-2022,
the Stormwater Division will concentrate reconnaissance and stream monitoring activities to
isolate pollutant-generating sources.

61

6. The city of Winston-Salem partnered with Stormwater Smart of the Piedmont Triad Council for
mass media services. Litter and pet waste were the two main pollutants of concern for the mass
media campaign. Over 10,235,000 impressions of media placement services were recorded;
95,537 social media impressions (Facebook, Instagram, and www.stormwatersmart.org) were
tabulated. Within Winston-Salem, all media outlets (TV, radio, online advertisements, and
Twitter) had 2,139,950 impressions during FY 2020-2021. 17,836 social media (in-house
Facebook, in-house Instagram, and in-house website activity) impressions were recorded within
the city of Winston-Salem’s internal social media outlets.
7. Stormwater and Information Systems (I.S.) staff have successfully extracted potential septic tank
locations from the city’s utility bill system. Once this comprehensive list has been properly
formatted and verified, Stormwater and I.S. staff will create a search function within the city’s
GIS to show septic tanks within 500 feet of identified streams. Stormwater staff will perform
stream-walking investigative activities and downstream monitoring to proactively detect and
eliminate failing septic tank systems. This task item will be completed by the end of FY 2021-
2022.

8. City Council approved the funding for a new dewatering facility at City Yard, where street
sweeping wash water and MS4 cleaning debris leachate will discharge into the sanitary sewer
system. The new facility should be constructed and operational by December 2023.

9. The Stormwater Inspector performed two inspections of industrial and municipal facilities within
the Salem Creek, Peters Creek, and Brushy Fork Watersheds that have the potential to discharge
fecal coliforms.

16.3 Muddy Creek Watershed TMDL

In November 2011, the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR)
issued a final report for turbidity impairment of the Muddy Creek Watershed. The Muddy Creek TMDL
designates the City of Winston-Salem’s MS4 as a significant contributor of turbidity (i.e. total suspended
solids) pollution. A waste load allocation (WLA) was not assigned to the City’s NPDES permit;
however, total suspended solids loading (ton per a day) must be reduced by 58 percent. In accordance
with its NPDES permit, the city must evaluate strategies and adapt BMPs to reduce TSS loading within
the Muddy Creek Watershed.

The Stormwater Division performed a BMP assessment and selected appropriate reduction strategies to
mitigate TSS pollution. These selected BMPs are posted in the below table.

16.4 Muddy Creek Watershed TMDL BMP Summary Table
Selected BMP Strategies Explanation of Desired Outcomes
Inspection Regime for permitted Construction
Sites – In order to ensure off-site sedimentation
does not occur, Erosion Control staff performs
routine field inspections for site compliance.
Muddy Creek Watershed is experiencing an influx of construction
activities due to land availability and improving economic
conditions. Erosion Control staff inspect and maintain site
measures. As a result, the Erosion Control Division anticipates a
reduction of off-site sedimentation.
62

Comprehensive Watershed Masterplan Update –
The Stormwater Division contracted HDR
Engineering to inventory, assess, and model the
Muddy Creek Watershed.
A consultant has completed a comprehensive watershed masterplan
of the Muddy Creek Watershed in 2017. This masterplan evaluated
numerous TSS exportation sources, such as stream bank erosion,
compromised infrastructure and outfalls, and potential areas of
future development. This tool guides staff to assess, prioritize, and
repair identified projects, thus ultimately removing sedimentation
sources.
Industrial Inspection Program - In accordance
with NPDES requirements, Stormwater staff
performs facility inspections to eliminate pollutant
loadings to the MS4 or local streams.
The city of Winston-Salem has 90 state-permitted facilities within its
municipal boundaries. Most of these facilities must monitor TSS
concentrations within their stormwater discharge. If benchmark
values are exceeded, the permitted facility must implement
additional BMPs to reduce TSS loading.
Municipal Goodhousekeeping Inspection
Program – In accordance with NPDES
requirements, Stormwater staff performs municipal
facility/operations audits to eliminate pollutant
loadings to the MS4 or local streams.
Stormwater staff assesses municipal operations for reducing or
eliminating TSS pollutant loadings to the MS4/receiving waters.
70/30 Cost Share Drainage Improvement
Projects on Private Property – the City of
Winston Salem participates in repairing private
drainage conveyances, structures, or channels. The
City pays 70 percent of total costs; the private party
pays the remaining 30 percent.
The city of Winston-Salem offers its citizens a cost-share program
for public assistance to mitigate drainage issues on private property.
One of the project qualifying criteria is severe erosion of earthen
conveyances or stream banks; erosion is a sediment-gain source to
receiving waters.
Ditch Repair and Stabilization Program – the
Streets Division hires a private contractor to repair
and stabilize ditches within the public right-of-way.
Field Operations assesses and prioritizes earthen conveyance swales
that serve as drainage for ribbed and paved roadways. A private
contractor restores channel capacity to the ditch by removing trash,
sediment, or excessive vegetation. If needed, the contractor
reestablishes vegetative cover within the ditch line in order to
eliminate offsite sedimentation to receiving waters.
Fixed Interval Monitoring Sites – the Stormwater
Division samples 13 fixed interval locations, which
are placed the bottom of each watershed (or major
subwatershed) to observe the accumulated effects
sediment sources. Total suspended solid (TSS)
samples are collected during dry and wet weather
conditions, so staff can determine the most
sediment-laden waterways within the city of
Winston-Salem.
By collecting and evaluating TSS concentrations at the lower drain
point from each major watershed (or subwatershed); Stormwater
staff will be able to determine the most sediment-laden waterways.
A ranking of most impaired streams will be developed, and then
staff can commence up-gradient stream sampling of the most
impaired segments. Lastly, Stormwater staff should be able to
isolate sediment sources within subbasins for placement of
appropriate stormwater control measures.
Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination
Program (IDDE) - the Stormwater Division
performs stream sampling at 39 designated
locations throughout Winston-Salem on a quarterly
frequency. Stormwater staff monitors for any
detectable illicit discharges, which includes
sediment sources.
Staff has created a comprehensive, watershed-specific library of
pollutant parameters, based upon historical laboratory data. For
Muddy Creek Watershed, staff will commence an illicit discharge
investigation, if total dissolved solids (a pollutant parameter
surrogate) exceed 400 mg/L or visible sediment sources (during dry
weather conditions).

16.5 Muddy Creek Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Annual Report Task Items for FY 2020-
2021

1. Stormwater staff will review HDR Engineering’s field assessments of Muddy Creek and develop
a prioritization plan for potential projects. A targeted sediment source, destabilized streambanks,
is potential candidate for project consideration during FY 2021-2022.

63

2. The Stormwater Inspector performed three inspections of industrial and municipal facilities
within the Muddy Creek Watershed that have the potential to discharge total suspended solids.

3. 195 linear feet of restored drainage ditches within the Muddy Creek Watershed for total
suspended solids reduction. Throughout the city of Winston-Salem, a total of 3,347 linear feet of
drainage ditches were stabilized and restored.

4. The Sanitation Division swept 2,798 linear miles of street sweeping activities for public roadways
within the city of Winston-Salem.

5. The top three polluted stream segments within the city of Winston-Salem (during dry weather
conditions) are Mill Creek at Shattalon Drive (89.00), Silas Creek at McGregor Road (20.4), and
Muddy Creek at Frye Bridge Road (20.10) based on the annual arithmetic mean. For wet weather
conditions, the top impaired stream segments are Silas Creek at McGregor Road (59.73), Lower
South Fork Creek at Ebert Road (47.90), and Muddy Creek at Frye Bridge Road (40.93). It is
noteworthy that two out the three sites, Silas Creek at McGregor Road and Muddy Creek at Frye
Bridge Road, are the most polluted, in term of TSS concentrations. For FY 2021 – 2022,
Stormwater staff will focus investigative efforts within these two impaired stream segments for
identification of sediment-laden sources.

6. During water quality sampling activities, instantaneous results of ammonia, pH, and dissolved
oxygen percent saturation, dissolved oxygen concentration, temperature, conductivity, total
dissolved solids, and nitrate are collected. This information is located at
G:\Techn_Projects_Files\Water Sampling\Stormwater Sampling Databases\Current. Stormwater
staff collected 444 results of instantaneous meter readings.

7. The Stormwater Division successfully resolved ten illicit discharges within the Muddy Creek
Watershed.

8. The city of Winston-Salem partnered with Stormwater Smart of the Piedmont Triad Council for
mass media services. Litter and pet waste were the two main pollutants of concern for the mass
media campaign. Over 10,235,000 impressions of media placement services were recorded;
95,537 social media impressions (Facebook, Instagram, and www.stormwatersmart.org) were
tabulated. Within Winston-Salem, all media outlets (TV, radio, online advertisements, and
Twitter) had 2,139,950 impressions during FY 2020-2021. 17,836 social media (in-house
Facebook, in-house Instagram, and in-house website activity) impressions were recorded within
the city of Winston-Salem’s internal social media outlets.

64

APPENDIX
A

65

Appendix A
Field Operations Department
Stormwater and Erosion Control Divisions

Organizational Chart

66

Keith Huff
Field Operations Director
Andy Allen
Assistant Stormwater Director
Ladonta Clark
Stormwater Operations
Supervisor
Vacant
Stormwater Inspector
Rob Dockery
Stormwater Technician
Nick Hole
Stormwater Technician
Matt Osborne
Erosion Control/Floodplain
Manager
Kent Wall
Erosion Control Inspector
David Evans
Erosion Control Inspector
Wesley Williams
Erosion Control Inspector
Ronnie Holbrook
Erosion Control Inspector
Vacant
Special Projects Coordinator
Todd Love
Sr. Civil Engineer
Joe Fogarty
Stormwater Engineer
Vacant
Senior Community Educator
Vicki Pigg
Stormwater Operations
Analyst
Neil Uldrick
Civil Engineer
67

APPENDIX
B

68

Appendix B

FY 2020-2021 Industrial & Municipal Goodhousekeeping Inspection List
Permit
Number Facility Name Owner Type NPDES Permit Category Permit
Status *
NCG080801 Fleet Services Municipal
Government
Transportation with Vehicle
Maintenance Active MGH/ D
NCG080023 Winston-Salem Transit
Authority Non-Government Used Motor Vehicle Parts
Stormwater Discharge COC Active D
NCG200349 Omnisource Southeast, LLC. Non-Government Scrap Metal Active D
NCG110013 Archie Elledge WWTP Municipal
Government Wastewater Treatment Active D
NCG110133 Muddy Creek WWTP Municipal
Government Wastewater Treatment Active D
NCG060080 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco
Company Non-Government Food and Kindred Active D
NCG130008

Republic Services, Lowery
Street Facility Non-Government Non-Metal Recycling and Scrap Active D
NCG080917 Republic Services, Overdale
Road Facility Non-Government Transit and Transportation Active D
NCG080334 Republic Services Vehicle
Maintenance Shop Non-Government Transit and Transportation Active D
NCG050429 Westrock Non-Government Apparel, Printing, Leather, Rubber Active D
NCG080449 Yarbrough Transfer Company Non-Government Transit and Transportation Active D
NCG140392 Concrete Supply, Inc. Non-Government Ready-Mix Concrete Active D
NCG140170 Argos USA, Plant #72 Non-Government Ready-Mix Concrete Active D
NCG060391 Pepsi Bottling Ventures Non-Government Food and Kindred Active D
* = Legend Key
D (Duration) = five years since last inspection
OI (Outstanding Issues) = require a follow-up
inspection

MGH (Municipal Goodhousekeeping) = municipal
operation/facility

N (New) = never inspected by the Stormwater
Division

V (Verify) = verify permit status since last inspection

S (Spill)

69

APPENDIX
C

70

Rain
Amount at
DO Sample
Temp.Saturation DO Conductivity pH NH3 TDS Nitrate Time
Site Name Date ( o C)(%)(mg/L)(umhos/cm)(S.U.)(mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/L)(in inches)
7/10/2020 26.9 73.8 5.84 218 6.95 1.11 137.15 5.72 0.44
10/8/2020 18.2 80.8 7.69 181.9 7.1 0.01 135.85 N/A 0.00
1/28/2021 7.5 94.9 12.57 118.4 6.86 0.00 115.7 N/A 1.09
5/6/2021 24 84.1 7.08 128.1 6.99 0.00 85.15 N/A 0.60
7/10/2020 23.6 83.5 7.05 219 7.37 0.23 146.28 10.12 0.44
10/8/2020 17 87.9 8.49 197.3 7.44 0.00 151.45 N/A 0.00
1/28/2021 8.3 104 12.22 145.5 7.01 0.00 139.1 N/A 1.09
5/6/2021 19.3 82.4 7.57 173.3 7.12 0.00 126.1 N/A 0.60
7/10/2020 28 84.1 6.59 149 7.22 0.29 91.65 6.16 0.44
10/8/2020 17.9 83.8 7.94 135.9 7.29 0.00 102.05 N/A 0.00
1/28/2021 1.09
5/6/2021 21 87.8 7.82 144.4 7.09 0.00 101.4 N/A 0.60
7/8/2020 27 75.9 6.06 N/A 7.40 0.55 247 1.76 0.51
10/6/2020 20.1 77.7 7.07 320.6 7.19 0.00 230.1 N/A 0.00
1/26/2021 0.79
5/6/2021 21.9 79.5 6.85 257.4 6.96 0.01 178.1 N/A 0.60
7/10/2020 11.88 0.44
10/8/2020 18.6 67.9 6.14 277.3 7.11 0.00 205.4 N/A 0.00
1/28/2021 8.7 93.1 10.84 172.9 7.21 0.00 163.15 N/A 1.09
5/6/2021 21.6 66.9 5.39 337.8 7.04 0.01 234.65 N/A 0.60
7/10/2020 15.4 0.30
10/8/2020 16.3 83 8.11 354.2 7.33 0.00 354.2 N/A 0.00
1/28/2021 6.4 102.7 12.66 243.7 7.19 0.00 245.7 N/A 1.09
5/6/2021 20.2 72.1 6.52 314 6.88 0.00 224.9 N/A 0.60
7/8/2020 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.51
10/6/2020 16 83.1 8.13 86.8 7.44 0 68.25 N/A 0.00
1/26/2021 0.79
5/4/2021 20 90.6 8.27 99.1 7.29 0.00 70.85 N/A 2.26
7/8/2020 24.8 63.5 5.98 150 7.47 0.18 98.15 0.88 0.51
10/6/2020 15.6 74.7 7.48 106 7.36 0.00 83.85 N/A 0.00
1/26/2021 0.79
5/4/2021 21.4 91.1 8.05 132.2 7.39 0.01 92.3 N/A 2.26
7/8/2020 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.51
10/6/2020 15.3 86.8 8.63 120.8 7.25 0.00 96.2 N/A 0.00
1/26/2021 8.2 101.6 11.95 91.1 7.19 0.00 89.1 N/A 0.79
5/4/2021 19.5 92.4 8.49 149.7 7.29 0.00 108.65 N/A 2.26
7/8/2020 25.6 77.6 6.35 159 7.37 0.18 102.05 1.76 0.51
10/6/2020 15.4 84.9 8.41 114.7 7.28 0.00 91.65 N/A 0.00
1/26/2021 8.1 99.2 12.06 79.6 7.08 0.00 76.71 N/A 0.79
5/4/2021 21 92.5 8.24 151.3 7.30 0.01 106.6 N/A 2.26
7/8/2020 23.4 79.7 6.81 128 7.34 0.17 85.8 2.64 0.12
10/6/2020 14.5 82.0 8.03 67.6 7.33 0.00 54.6 N/A 0.00
1/26/2021 0.79
5/4/2021 20.8 88.2 7.9 115.7 7.10 0.00 81.9 N/A 2.26
7/8/2020 25.4 76.8 6.3 290 7.44 0.35 187.2 1.76 0.51
10/6/2021 18.0 81.0 7.6 204.5 7.36 0.00 153.4 N/A 0.00
1/26/2021 0.79
5/4/2021 21 79.5 7.16 183.9 7.16 0.0 129.35 0.66 2.26
7/10/2020 24.9 80.8 6.75 119 7.34 0.19 78 4.84 0.44
10/8/2020 15.6 82.9 8.3 93.8 7.23 0.00 74.1 N/A 0.00
1/28/2021 7.6 98.0 11.71 33.4 6.83 0.00 32.5 N/A 1.09
5/6/2021 19.2 78.3 7.23 112.1 6.96 0.00 81.9 N/A 0.60
APPENDIX C
Little Creek at Jonestown
Road
Silas Creek at McGregor
Road
Lower South Fork at Ebert
Road
Muddy Creek at Frye
Bridge Road
High flow, unable to sample
High flow, unable to sample
High flow, unable to sample
High flow, unable to sample
High flow, unable to sample
Instanteous Meter Results
Fiddlers Creek at
Thomasville Road
Stormwater Division
FY 2020-2021
Fixed Interval Sampling Program
Mill Creek at Shattalon Rd
Brushy Fork at Reynolds
Park Rd
Peters Creek at Antique
Dealership
Salem Creek at Elledge
WWTP
Bath Branch at City Yard
Tar/Tanners Creek at Old
Salem
Muddy Creek at Reynolda
Rd
Salem Creek at Fraternity
Church Rd
YSI was broken, preventing these measurements
YSI was broken, preventing these measurements
High flow, unable to sample
71

Total Total Total
Sample BOD TSS TDS Turbidity Cadmium Chromium Nickel Date of Last
Site Name Date (mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/L)(NTU)(mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/L)Rain Event
7/10/2020 6.14 6.8 136 4.85 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/10/2020
10/8/2021 9.9 6.2 153 13.2 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 2.5 26.9 99 21 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 11.2 18.6 100 35.6 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 2.1 <5 143 3.01 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <2 <5 175 2.02 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 2.3 14.5 80 15.5 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 2 2 125 4.9 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 4.66 8.4 97 5.69 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <2 <5 119 6.37 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 3 20.9 47 14.8 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 3.9 5.4 74 14.9 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 2.46 23.3 179 19 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 4.19 180 220 116 <0.002 0.017 0.007 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 9.7 63.1 128 21.1 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/26/2021
5/6/2021 6.5 20.4 114 35.3 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 2.16 <5 214 3.22 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <2 <5 208 3.06 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 2 7.7 131 11.4 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <2 <1 130 3.1 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 2 <5 206 5.13 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <2 <5 302 5.33 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <2 2.7 140 7.1 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <2 <1 215 1.2 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <2 14.6 88 19.9 <.002 <.0037 <.005 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <2 <5 98 6.27 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <2 6.4 80 9 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 3.4 14.1 77 24.5 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <2 35 97.0 53.60 <.002 0.006 <.005 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <2 <5 112 9.57 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 6.8 35.3 106 14.7 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 12.3 46.1 105 65.4 <.0004 0.005 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <2 11 112 4.66 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 3.04 5.6 126 2.59 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 3 11.4 80 13.3 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 5.6 94.8 71 86.5 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 2.47 5.8 87 5.64 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 4.28 <5 119 3.67 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 4.1 76 98 15.9 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 9.6 97.4 79 356 <.0004 0.0061 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 4.14 25.6 87 50.8 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 4.87 12 107 14.8 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 2.2 42.9 82 32.7 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 3.7 75.2 111 125 <.0004 0.0073 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 2.48 17.7 131 22.5 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 3.17 50 154 54.8 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 4.1 19.2 106 17.8 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 4.2 85.9 93 158 <.0004 0.0074 <.0035 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 2.45 16.8 102 8.68 <.002 <.005 <.005 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <2 9 92 10.2 <.002 <.005 <.005 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 2.6 59.2 83 36.5 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 3.2 7.9 74 27.5 <.0004 <.0037 <.0035 5/3/2021
Mill Creek at Shattalon
Road
Brushy Fork at
Reynolds Park Rd
Peters Creek at
Antique Dealership
Salem Creek at
Elledge WWTP
Bath Branch at City
Yard
Tar/Tanners Creek at
Old Salem
Little Creek at
Jonestown Road
Lower South Fork
Creek at Ebert Road
Fiddlers Creek at
Thomasville Road
Muddy Creek at Frye
Bridge Road
Silas Creek at
McGregor Road
Muddy Creek at
Reynolda Road
Salem Creek at
Fraternity Church Rd
APPENDIX C
Stormwater Division
FY 2020-2021
Fixed Interval Sampling Program
Certified Laboratory Data
72

Total Total Total Total Date of
Sample Lead Copper Zinc Phosphorus Nitrite Nitrate TKN Last
Site Name Date (mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/L)Rain Event
7/10/2020 <.005 <.005 0.04 <.05 0.097 2.15 1.56 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 <.005 0.038 <.05 0.083 2.03 1.39 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.019 <.025 0.016 1.6 1.6 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.038 0.051 0.045 1.2 1.3 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 <0.005 <.005 0.03 0.078 0.011 2.07 <1 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 <.005 0.022 <.05 0.012 1.75 <1 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.032 0.067 <.0033 1.6 0.58 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.029 <.025 <.039 1.9 <.25 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 <.005 <.005 0.038 0.075 0.027 1.13 <1 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 0.005 0.012 <.05 0.032 1.47 <1 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.018 <.025 <.0033 1 0.61 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.018 0.053 <.039 0.77 <.25 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 0.006 0.052 1.13 0.098 7.01 1.47 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 0.013 0.066 0.357 0.016 4.21 <1 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.036 0.11 <.0033 3.5 0.84 1/26/2021
5/6/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.031 0.43 <.039 2 0.8 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 <.005 0.006 0.019 <.05 0.06 2.33 <1 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 <.005 <.01 <.05 0.061 2.46 <1 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.031 <.025 0.022 2.1 0.95 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.019 <.025 <.039 2 1 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 <.005 0.005 0.064 0.126 <.01 2.31 <1 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 0.005 0.036 <.05 0.022 3.41 <1 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0045 0.0056 0.034 <.025 <.0033 2.2 <.25 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <0.0045 <.0043 0.034 0.086 <.039 3.6 <.25 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 <.005 <.02 0.072 <.01 0.589 1.58 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 <.005 0.01 <.05 <.01 0.54 <1 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0045 <.0043 <.0095 <.025 <.0033 0.61 <.25 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.019 0.1 <.039 0.27 <.25 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 0.005 0.006 0.022 0.167 0.043 0.94 <1 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 <.005 <.01 <.05 0.011 0.402 <1 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.015 0.54 <.0033 1.4 2.6 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.041 0.76 0.084 0.47 2.3 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 <.005 0.018 0.127 <.01 0.543 <1 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 <.005 <.01 <.05 <.01 0.347 <1 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.015 <.025 0.011 0.78 <.25 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.024 0.14 0.058 0.14 0.75 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 <.005 0.022 0.081 0.011 0.559 <1 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 <.005 <.01 <.05 <.01 0.825 <1 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.011 <.025 <.0033 1 <.25 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 0.0051 0.0075 0.032 0.18 0.076 0.18 0.78 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 0.005 0.034 0.201 <.01 0.751 <1 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 <.005 0.016 <.05 0.01 0.527 <1 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0045 <.0043 <.0095 0.066 <.0033 1.2 0.56 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 0.0079 0.0062 0.027 0.24 0.093 0.34 1.3 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 0.006 0.043 0.903 0.079 0.423 <1 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 0.006 <.005 0.03 0.124 0.024 0.819 <1 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.016 0.06 <.0033 2.1 0.57 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 0.0077 0.007 0.033 0.56 0.084 0.66 1.2 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 <.005 <.005 0.012 0.061 0.013 0.897 <1 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 <.005 <.010 <.05 <.01 1.15 <1 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.013 0.094 <.0033 1.2 0.77 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0045 <.0043 0.019 0.087 <.039 1.000 <.25 5/3/2021
APPENDIX C
Bath Branch at City Yard
Salem Creek at
Fraternity Church Road
Muddy Creek at Frye
Bridge Road
Fiddlers Creek at
Thomasville Road
Stormwater Division
FY 2020-2021
Fixed Interval Sampling Program
Certified Laboratory Data
Tar/Tanners Creek at Old
Salem
Muddy Creek at
Reynolda Road
Mill Creek at Shattalon
Road
Little Creek at Jonestown
Road
Silas Creek at McGregor
Road
Lower South Fork Creek
at Ebert Road
Brushy Fork at Reynolds
Park Road
Peters Creek at Antique
Dealership
Salem Creek at Elledge
WWTP
73

Total Total Total
Dissolved Dissolved Dissolved Fecal Date of
Sample Copper Zinc Phosphorus Coliforms Last
Site Name Date (mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/L)(cfu/100 mL)Rain Event
7/10/2020 <.005 0.018 <.05 2,670 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 0.02 <.05 357 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0025 0.021 <.025 840 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0043 0.019 <.025 1,120 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 <.005 0.022 0.074 1,020 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 0.018 <.05 980 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0025 0.021 <.025 5,400 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0043 0.023 <.025 920 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 <.005 0.019 <.05 620 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 0.01 <.05 540 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0025 <.0025 <.025 680 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0043 <.0095 <.025 680 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 0.005 0.03 1.04 4,200 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 0.008 0.039 0.091 321 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0043 0.019 <.025 4,000 1/26/2021
5/6/2021 <.0043 0.021 0.34 1,180 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 0.006 <.01 <.05 2,500 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 <.01 <.05 321 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0025 0.023 <.025 900 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0043 0.016 <.025 920 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 0.005 0.057 0.063 6,400 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 0.029 <.05 920 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0025 0.029 <.025 15,600 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0043 0.032 0.084 900 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 <.01 <.05 6,600 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 <.01 <.05 630 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0025 <.0025 <.025 236 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 <.0043 <.0095 <.025 600 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 0.014 0.086 22,000 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 <.01 <.05 1,020 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0025 <.0025 0.44 1,200 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 <.0043 <.0095 0.48 60,000 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 <.01 0.118 500 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 <.01 <.05 304 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0025 <.0025 <.025 7,000 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 <.0043 <.0095 <.025 48,000 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 0.013 <.05 188 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 <.01 <.05 540 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0025 <.0025 <.025 5,600 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 <.0043 <.0095 <.025 570,000 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 0.018 0.096 1,080 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 0.011 <.05 580 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0025 <.0025 <.025 4,200 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 <.0043 <.0095 <.025 5,400 5/3/2021
7/8/2020 <.005 0.02 0.669 5,200 7/8/2020
10/6/2020 <.005 0.017 <.05 820 9/29/2020
1/26/2021 <.0025 <.0025 <.025 4,000 1/26/2021
5/4/2021 <.0043 <.0095 0.27 9,800 5/3/2021
7/10/2020 <.005 <.01 <.05 1,180 7/10/2020
10/8/2020 <.005 <.01 <.05 321 9/29/2020
1/28/2021 <.0025 <.0025 <.025 900 1/28/2021
5/6/2021 <.0043 <.0095 <.025 680 5/3/2021
APPENDIX C
Stormwater Division
FY 2020-2021
Fixed Interval Sampling Program
Certified Laboratory Data
Salem Creek at Elledge WWTP
Brushy Fork at Reynolds Park Road
Peters Creek at Antique Dealership
Salem Creek at Fraternity Church
Road
Silas Creek at McGregor Road
Lower South Fork Creek at Ebert
Road
Muddy Creek at Frye Bridge Road
Fiddlers Creek at Thomasville Road
Bath Branch at City Yard
Tar/Tanners Creek at Old Salem
Muddy Creek at Reynolda Road
Mill Creek at Shattalon Road
Little Creek at Jonestown Road
74

APPENDIX
D

75

76

APPENDIX
E

77

Fecal Date Since
Wet or Dry Sample TSS Coliforms Last
Site Name Weather Date (mg/L)(cfu/100 mL)Rain Event
7/17/2020 <5 8,600 7/16/2020
10/13/2020 9.4 7,400 10/11/2020
2/2/2021 5.1 204 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/16/2020 <5 1,050 9/12/2020
10/20/2020 <5 152 10/11/2020
3/8/2021 6.1 37 3/1/2021
4/14/2021 3.2 44 4/10/2021
7/17/2020 <5 160 7/16/2020
10/13/2020 8.2 4,390 10/11/2020
2/2/2021 5 192 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/16/2020 9.33 1,800 9/12/2020
10/20/2020 <5 37 10/11/2020
3/8/2021 9.4 7 3/1/2021
4/14/2021 5.3 3 4/10/2021
7/17/2020 <5 8,600 7/16/2020
10/13/2020 <5 11,400 10/11/2020
2/2/2021 3.6 188 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/16/2020 <5 2,620 9/12/2020
10/20/2020 <5 178 10/11/2020
3/8/2021 1.7 30 3/1/2021
4/14/2021 1.2 67 4/10/2021
7/17/2020 <5 7,400 7/16/2020
10/13/2020 <5 5,400 10/11/2020
2/2/2021 192 <1 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/16/2020 2620 <5 9/12/2020
10/20/2020 2790 <5 10/11/2020
3/8/2021 108 <1.0 3/1/2021
4/14/2021 112 <1.0 4/10/2021
7/17/2020 <5 11,000 7/16/2020
10/13/2020 <5 9,800 10/11/2020
2/2/2021 <1 30,000 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/16/2020 <5 2,620 9/12/2020
10/20/2020 <5 8,400 10/11/2020
3/8/2021 <1.1 228 3/1/2021
4/14/2021 2.5 4,200 4/10/2021
Peters Creek at the Antique Dealership
Wet
Dry
Bath Branch at City Yard
Wet
Dry
Tar/Tanners at Old Salem
Wet
Dry
Salem Creek at MLK
Wet
Dry
Tailwaters of Salem Lake
Wet
Dry
Certified Laboratory Analyses
APPENDIX E
Stormwater Division
FY 2020 - 2021
Salem Creek, Peters Creek, and Brushy Fork Watersheds
TMDL Investigative Monitoring (Baseline Stations)
78

Fecal Date Since
Wet or Dry Sample TSS Coliforms Last
Site Name Weather Date (mg/L)(cfu/100 mL)Rain Event
9/17/2020 8.40 9,400 9/17/2020
10/13/2020 13.80 3,030 10/11/2020
2/2/2021 6.40 84 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/16/2020 <5 620 9/12/2020
10/20/2020 <5 1,000 10/11/2020
3/8/2021 5.2 22 3/1/2021
4/14/2021 2.3 67 4/10/2021
9/17/2020 <5 5,000 9/17/2020
10/13/2020 10.7 8,800 10/11/2020
2/2/2020 6.2 136 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/16/2020 <5 984 9/12/2020
10/20/2020 <5 136 10/11/2020
3/8/2021 4.7 29 3/1/2021
4/14/2021 1.7 65 4/10/2021
7/17/2020 <5 7,000 7/16/2020
10/13/2020 <5 3,030 10/11/2020
2/2/2021 2.1 760 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/16/2020 <5 2,620 9/12/2020
10/20/2020 <5 4,400 10/11/2020
3/8/2021 <1 500 3/1/2021
4/14/2021 <1 880 4/10/2021
9/17/2020 47.2 25,000 9/17/2020
10/14/2020 <5 1,210 10/11/2020
2/3/2021 <1 20 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
7/15/2020 <5 1,920 7/10/2020
10/19/2020 <5 840 10/11/2020
3/10/2021 2.7 16 3/1/2021
4/15/2021 2.9 232 4/10/2021
9/17/2020 28.8 39,000 9/17/2020
10/14/2020 <5 4,400 10/11/2020
2/3/2021 1.1 404 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
7/15/2020 <5 2,330 7/10/2020
10/19/2020 <5 820 10/11/2020
3/10/2021 <2 31 3/1/2021
4/15/2021 2.4 12,000 4/10/2021
Burke Creek at Northbridge Road
Wet
Dry
Peters Creek at Hanes Park
Wet
Dry
Bottom Branch at London Lane
Wet
Dry
Salem Creek at Marketplace Mall
Wet
Dry
Salem Creek at Main Street
Wet
Dry
Certified Laboratory Analyses
APPENDIX E
Stormwater Division
FY 2020 - 2021
Salem Creek, Peters Creek, and Brushy Fork Watersheds
TMDL Investigative Monitoring (Baseline Stations)
79

Fecal Date Since
Wet or Dry Sample TSS Coliforms Last
Site Name Weather Date (mg/L)(cfu/100 mL)Rain Event
7/24/2020 <5 39,000 7/23/2020
10/14/2020 <5 2,580 10/11/2020
2/3/2021 <1 100 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
7/15/2020 <5 4,000 7/10/2020
10/19/2020 <5 1,000 10/11/2020
3/10/2021 <1 700 3/1/2021
4/15/2021 <1 310 4/10/2021
7/24/2020 14.6 >60,000 7/23/2020
10/14/2020 <5 1,040 10/11/2020
2/3/2021 2.2 440 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
7/15/2020 <5 6,600 7/10/2020
10/19/2020 <5 620 10/11/2020
3/10/2021 2.2 560 3/1/2021
4/15/2021 1.5 960 4/10/2021
9/17/2020 249 280,000 9/17/2020
10/14/2020 <5 780 10/11/2020
2/3/2021 4 620 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
7/15/2020 <5 10,000 7/10/2020
10/19/2020 <5 730 10/11/2020
3/10/2021 1.2 400 3/1/2021
4/15/20021 <2 5,400 4/10/2021
7/24/2020 92.5 26,000 7/23/2020
10/14/2020 87.4 10,200 10/11/2020
2/3/2021 7 260 1/31/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
7/15/2020 <5 900 7/10/2020
10/19/2020 14.6 1,000 10/11/2020
3/10/2021 6.9 76 3/1/2021
4/15/2021 5.1 46,000 4/10/2021
7/24/2020 42.6 22,000 7/23/2020
10/14/2020 7.4 6,400 10/11/2020
2/3/2021 4.4 240 1/31/2021
5/6/2021 5.4 680 5/4/2021
7/15/2020 <5 1,000 7/10/2020
10/19/2020 <5 1,020 10/11/2020
3/10/2021 5.6 184 3/1/2021
4/15/2021 2.2 1,140 4/10/2021
Salem Creek at Elledge WWTP
Wet
Dry
Peters Creek at Glenn Avenue
Wet
Dry
Salem Creek at Fraternity Church Road
Wet
Dry
Northwest School Branch at Abbatoir
Wet
Dry
Peters Creek at Underwood Avenue
Wet
Dry
Certified Laboratory Analyses
APPENDIX E
Stormwater Division
FY 2020 - 2021
Salem Creek, Peters Creek, and Brushy Fork Watersheds
TMDL Investigative Monitoring (Baseline Stations)
80

Fecal Date Since
Wet or Dry Sample TSS Coliforms Last
Site Name Weather Date (mg/L)(cfu/100 mL)Rain Event
7/24/2020 65.3 30,000 7/23/2020
10/12/2020 5 4,200 10/11/2020
2/11/2021 N/A 440 2/11/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/21/2020 <5 780 9/17/2020
10/22/2020 <5 2,130 10/11/2020
3/11/2021 <1 60 3/1/2021
4/29/2021 1.1 440 4/10/2021
7/24/2020 20 32,000 7/23/2020
10/12/2020 6.8 5,600 10/11/2020
2/11/2021 1.3 21 2/11/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/21/2020 <5 1,310 9/17/2020
10/22/2020 <5 440 10/11/2020
3/11/2021 <1 7 3/1/2021
4/29/2021 1.1 580 4/10/2021
7/24/2020 20 36,000 7/23/2020
10/12/2020 6 2,270 10/11/2020
2/11/2021 5.2 <1 2/11/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/21/2020 <5 400 9/17/2020
10/22/2020 <5 216 10/11/2020
3/11/2021 4.2 <1 3/1/2021
4/29/2021 1 31 4/10/2021
7/17/2020 <5 1,100 7/16/2020
10/12/2020 7.2 2,580 10/11/2020
2/11/2021 1.5 460 2/11/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/21/2020 <5 1,010 9/17/2020
10/22/2020 <5 418 10/11/2020
3/11/2021 2.1 41 3/1/2021
4/29/2021 2.1 188 4/10/2021
7/17/2020 5.4 8,400 7/16/2020
10/12/2020 39 11,000 10/11/2020
2/11/2021 4.6 100 2/11/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/21/2020 <5 2,950 9/17/2020
10/22/2020 <5 4,600 10/11/2020
3/11/2021 4.4 67 3/1/2021
4/29/2021 4.1 540 4/10/2021
Brushy Fork at Airport Road
Wet
Dry
Brushy Fork at Old Greensboro Road
Wet
Dry
Bowen Blvd at Brushy Fork
Bowen Branch at Confluence
Bowen Branch at 25th Street
Wet
Dry
Wet
Dry
Wet
Dry
Certified Laboratory Analyses
APPENDIX E
Stormwater Division
FY 2020 - 2021
Salem Creek, Peters Creek, and Brushy Fork Watersheds
TMDL Investigative Monitoring (Baseline Stations)
81

Fecal Date Since
Wet or Dry Sample TSS Coliforms Last
Site Name Weather Date (mg/L)(cfu/100 mL)Rain Event
7/24/2020 49.5 8,000 7/23/2020
10/12/2020 23.7 21 10/11/2020
2/11/2021 12.4 <1 2/11/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/21/2020 13 24 9/17/2020
10/22/2020 8.2 7 10/11/2020
3/11/2021 15.4 <1 3/1/2021
4/29/2021 8.6 1 4/10/2021
7/17/2020 <5 10,000 7/16/2020
10/12/2020 52 9,090 10/11/2020
2/11/2021 2.9 78 2/11/2021
N/A N/A N/A N/A
9/21/2020 <5 3,280 9/17/2020
10/22/2020 <5 7,200 10/11/2020
3/11/2021 2 164 3/1/2021
4/29/2021 3.5 216 4/10/2021
Bowen Branch at Liberty Street
Wet
Dry
Brushy Fork at Reynolds Park Road
Wet
Dry
Certified Laboratory Analyses
APPENDIX E
Stormwater Division
FY 2020 - 2021
Salem Creek, Peters Creek, and Brushy Fork Watersheds
TMDL Investigative Monitoring (Baseline Stations)
82

APPENDIX
F

83

Appendix F

Stormwater Capital Improvement Projects (CIPs)
FYs 2021-2026

The table below contains a master list of five-year capital improvements projects (CIPs) plan
for the Stormwater Division. The justification source for each project is denoted for
budgetary and financial reporting purposes.

Rank
Project Title

Project
Cost
New or
Continuing City Plan Rank Justification
1 Old Salem Drainage Project $4,511,840 Continuing Council Project awarded by
Council
2 Long Drive Infrastructure Project $870,000 New Ch 7 Legacy Emergency Repair
3 Violet Street Infrastructure Repair $300,000 New Ch 7 Legacy Emergency Repair
4 Patterson Ave Infrastructure Repair $1,500,000 New Ch 7 Legacy Emergency Repair
5 Robbins/Gyro Drive Culvert
Replacements $380,000 New Ch 7 Legacy Failing Infrastructure
within ROW
6 Bennett Drive Infrastructure $744,000 Continuing Ch 7 Legacy Undersized piping
within ROW
7 261 Commonwealth Drive $251,500 Continuing Ch 7 Legacy Failing Infrastructure
within ROW
8 27th Street Infrastructure Repair $130,000 New Ch 7 Legacy Failing Infrastructure
within ROW
9 Runnymeade Stream Infrastructure
replacement $2,250,000 Continuing Ch 7 Legacy Failing Infrastructure
10 Stormwater Infrastructure Improvements $1,000,000 Continuing Ch 7 Legacy ROW Drainage Repairs
11 Drainage Improvements on Private
Property $250,000 Continuing Ch 7 Legacy Private property
assistance
12 7th Street Drainage Project $1,750,000 Continuing Council Public/Private Drainage
Repair
13 City Yard Remediation Project (Phase I) $3,566,017 Continuing Ch 7 Legacy Regulatory compliance
14 City Yard Remediation Project (Phase II) $7,122,099 Continuing Ch 7 Legacy Water Quality
Enhancement
15 City Yard 48" CMP (bore/jack
replacement) $410,000 Continuing Ch 7 Legacy Failing Infrastructure
within ROW
16 PTRP Piping Enhancement Project $300,000 Continuing Ch 7 Legacy Water Quality
Enhancement