960067_Report_20210131

Semi -Annual Comprehensive
Report
Innovative Animal Waste
System
Report No. 3
July 2020-December 2020
B&B Partnership
White Oak Farms
Permit No.
AWI960067
Fremont
Wayne County
Report Date
January 31, 2021

Executive Summary
B&B Partnership, White Oak Farms was issued Permit No. AWI960067 to
construct and operate an animal waste management system that consists of
controlled anaerobic digestion, production, and utilization of methane gas to
generate electricity, which is then sent to the Duke Energy Grid. The permit
provided for animal herd size expansion, and as required by NC Statute and Rule
is required to meet certain performance standards. This Report is intended to
address the Permit Condition Section III 8, which specifies reporting requirements.
The notable items for this reporting period (July 1, 2020 to December 31,
2020) are discussed below.
The period July through December 2020 has proved to be a challenging time
not only for B&B, but for the entire swine production industry. Fallout from Covid-
19 interrupted the production, transportation, and processing of pork across the
region. The impact to B&B resulted in depopulation of nearly all the farm's swine.
With permit modifications that took effect in June of 2020, B&B was
provided with the ability to accept off -site generated mortality into the waste stream
for conversion to methane along with the other previously approved sources. With
swine production and processing decreasing industrywide, the facility has
experienced a temporary change from a manure dominated digester feed source to
primarily a food waste and mortality source.
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Operation and maintenance issues during the report period included repair
to the inoculation tank cover and repair to main digester cover. While these repairs
were being conducted, the system's digestion efficiency was not optimal and
wastewater characteristics were atypical. Based on energy output measurements,
the system generated at about 41% of its current capacity during the report period.
'Construction of pivot irrigation systems on 2 large fields were nearly
complete in December. Utilization of these improvements should begin in the first
half of 2021. This will improve the nutrient application precision to the receiving
crops.
It is expected that the overall efficiency of the plant operation and waste
management will continue to improve as operational processes are refined and
normal start-up challenges are addressed.
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C. Table of Contents:
Sections:
A. Title Page (pg. 1)
B. Executive Summary (pg. 2-3)
C. Table of Contents (pg. 4)
D. Purpose (pg. 5)
E. Separated Solids Status (pg. 5)
F. System Run -Off Inspection Log (pg. 5)
G. Operational Changes Log (pg. 6-7)
H. Soil Fertility Analysis (pg. 7)
I. Wastewater & Solids Analyses (pg. 8-10)
J. Ammonia Emissions Compliance & Structure Sampling (pg. 10-11)
K. Odor Monitoring (pg. 12)
L. Substantially Eliminate the Release of Disease -Transmitting Vectors and Airborne
Pathogens (pg. 12-13)
M. On -Site Record Location Status (pg. 13)
N. Next Report (pg. 13)
Tables:
Table 1: Wastewater Lab Data Table (pg. 8)
Table 2: Wastewater Lab Data Table (pg. 9)
Appendices:
Appendix A — Lab Reports
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D. Purpose
Permit No. AWI960067 issued to B&B Partnership contains comprehensive
reporting requirements in Section III 8. This document is intended to meet the
reporting requirement. The Report addresses eight items related to the overall
system compliance and performance. Each section of this report discusses one of
the eight areas in the order outlined in the Permit.
E. Separated Solids Status
As of the completion of the third reporting period, no solids have been
removed from the clarifier. Solids accumulating in the clarifier have flushed back
to the main covered digester for additional digestion. The digester has been
operating at less than optimum efficiency due to the loss of heat and a lower than
desired digestate temperature. While the inoculation tank was off-line, the normal
heat transfer from the engines to the digestate in the tank was absent. As a result,
the digestate temperature has dropped, fluctuating with ambient outdoor
temperatures. Digestion is still ongoing but at a slower rate than designed.
F. System Run-off inspections & Log
The Permittee lives on the property and sees the system every day during
normal operational tasks. Documentation of the weekly inspections are recorded
on lagoon level Form FRBD. These forms were inspected during the DEQ DWR
visit in December 2020. They are being maintained in the facility notebooks in the
possession of B&B.
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G. Operational Changes Log
On June 19, 2020 NC Department of Agriculture State Veterinary Division
provided the facility with conditional approval to begin accepting off -site generated
mortality to incorporate into the digester system. The DEQ Division of Water
Resources issued a permit modification dated June 17, 2020 for same. These new
sources began to arrive in July 2020. Simultaneously, the manure input to the
system was going down due to reductions in herd size resulting from COVID-19
impact to the pork industry.
Based on the energy output data measured, the production of methane has
been enhanced by the mortality sources. During the warmest part of the summer
(July & August), the facility produced 2,032 MW of electricity. These encouraging
energy outputs often required running both engines at the same time to burn the
methane being produced. The facility is currently planning to install a 3rd engine
and generator to prepare for feeding the system the permitted limit of digestible
volatile solids.
Pivot irrigation systems were installed late in 2020 in anticipation of using
them on the 2021 spring crop. At the end of the calendar year, the systems were
being tested.
The inoculation tank was brought back into operation during the last part of
2020. With this completed waste heat from the engines can be recycled back into
the inoculation tank digestate prior to incorporation into the main digester. This
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will increase the rate and efficiency of digestion as the main digester begins to
warm.
For a short time during this report period, the percent methane in the gas
returned to the engines was too low for combustion. The discovered problem was
an air leak around one of the pipes that protrudes through the cover of the main
digester. When the pumps were turned on to bring methane to the engines, fresh
air was getting mixed with the gas, diluting it too low for the engines to combust.
Once identified, this problem was easily corrected.
No other operational issues or changes were significant enough to include
within this report.
H. Soil Fertility Analysis
PLAT evaluation is underway for the waste application fields with a P high
index. Locations of the areas to be tested have been identified. Abnormally wet
weather has hampered the ability to collect the deeper soil samples 28"-32" zone
due to high water tables. This spring/summer will hopefully dry enough to facilitate
adequate sampling conditions. Currently, more acreage is available for waste
application than is needed based on the Phase 1 volume of wastewater being
generated. However, the shift in nutrient concentrations to higher N should be
carefully watched in the next 3 months to see if the better digestion and
denitrification will lower the N value of the final effluent to be land applied.
7IPage

I. Wastewater & Solids Analyses
Wastewater was sampled quarterly as required by permit condition
Section III 5. Lab Reports are included as Appendix A. Table 1 and Table 2
are included below for a quick reference comparison of changing concentrations
over time by analyte. "Influent to digester" is collected from a valve at the base
of the inoculation tank. During this report period, the tank was off-line.
TABLE 1
SAMPLE LOCATION SAMPLED DATE
TEST DESCRIPTION
RESULT
UNITS
Influent to Digester
7/1/2020
Ammonia Nitrogen as N
Tank Maintenance
mg/I
Influent to Digester
9/28/2020
Ammonia Nitrogen as N
Tank Maintenance
mg/I
Influent to Digester
12/17/2020
Ammonia Nitrogen as N
5220
mg/I
Influent to Digester
7/1/2020
Copper
Tank Maintenance
ug/I
Influent to Digester
9/28/2020
Copper
Tank Maintenance
ug/I
Influent to Digester
12/17/2020
Copper
2101
ug/I
Influent to Digester
7/1/2020
Nitrate -Nitrite as N
Tank Maintenance
mg/I
Influent to Digester
9/28/2020
Nitrate -Nitrite as N
Tank Maintenance
mg/I
Influent to Digester
12/17/2020
Nitrate -Nitrite as N
7.75
mg/I
Influent to Digester
7/1/2020
- Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N
Tank Maintenance+
mg/I
Influent to Digester
9/28/2020
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N
Tank Maintenance
mg/I
Influent to Digester
12/17/2020
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N
7720
mg/I
Influent to Digester
7/1/2020
Total Phosphorus as P
Tank Maintenance
mg/I
Influent to Digester
9/28/2020
Total Phosphorus as P
Tank Maintenance
mg/I
Influent to Digester
12/17/2020
Total Phosphorus as P
585.6
mg/I
- ®-f
I
I____
Influent to Digester
7/1/2020
Total Solids, %
Tank Maintenance
ug/I
Influent to Digester
9/28/2020
Total Solids, %
Tank Maintenance+
ug/I
Influent to Digester
12/17/2020
Total Solids, %
2.3
ug/I
Influent to Digester
7/1/2020
Zinc
Tank Maintenance
ug/I
Influent to Digester
9/28/2020
Zinc
Tank Maintenance
ug/I
Influent to Digester
12/17/2020
Zinc
9186
ug/I
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for maintenance consisting of cover repair for 2 of 3 sample dates. The tank was
back on-line, and a sample was collected on the December 17, 2020 event.
TABLE 2
SAMPLE LOCATION
SAMPLED DATE
TEST DESCRIPTION RESULT
UNITS
Influent to Final Storage
7/1/2020
Ammonia Nitrogen as N
336
mg/I
Influent to Final Storage
9/28/2020
Ammonia Nitrogen as N
1416
mg/I
Influent to Final Storage
12/17/2020
Ammonia Nitrogen as N
1700
mg/I
-
Influent to Final Storage
7/1/2020
Copper
68
ug/I
Influent to Final Storage
9/28/2020
Copper
887
ug/I
Influent to Final Storage
12/17/2020
Copper
909
ug/I
Influent to Final Storage
7/1/2020
Fecal Coliform (MPN),/gram Solids
98000
ug/I
Influent to Final Storage
9/28/2020
Fecal Coliform (MPN), /gram Solids
6000
ug/I
Influent to Final Storage
12/17/2020
Fecal Coliform (MPN), /gram Solids
52000
ug/I
Influent to Final Storage
Influent to Final Storage
7/1/2020
9/28/2020
Nitrate -Nitrite as N _
Nitrate -Nitrite as N
0.38
1.39
mg/I
mg/I
Influent to Final Storage
12/17/2020
Nitrate -Nitrite as N
1.34
mg/I
Influent to Final Storage
7/1/2020
1-
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N
444.8
mg/I
Influent to Final Storage
9/28/2020
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N
2030
mg/I
Influent to Final Storage
12/17/2020
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N
2228
mg/I
Influent to Final Storage
Influent to Final Storage
7/1/2020
9/28/2020
Total Phosphorus as P j_
Total Phosphorus as P
80.6
153.4
mg/I
mg/I
Influent to Final Storage
Influent to Final Storage
I 12/17/2020
Total Phosphorus as P
195.6
mg/I
ug/I
f 7/1/2020
Total Solids, %
0.5
Influent to Final Storage
9/28/2020
Total Solids, %
0.69
ug/I
Influent to Final Storage
12/17/2020
Total Solids, %
0.63
ug/I
Influent to Final Storage
Influent to Final Storage
7/1/2020
9/28/2020
Zinc __
Zinc
271
3178
ug/I
ug/I
Influent to Final Storage
12/17/2020
Zinc
3648
ug/I
9IPage

During this report period, the wastewater characteristics did begin to
change. Ammonia, copper, TKN, TP and zinc showed noteworthy increases. This
could be due to any number of causes. The waste stream has changed over the
reporting period containing a higher percentage of food waste and mortality and a
lower percentage manure. Additionally, maintaining an optimum digestate
temperature has been difficult with the inoculation tank off-line for maintenance.
When the temperature drops, the digestion of volatile solids is less complete. As
the temperature begins to increase again, it is anticipated that the concentration of
ammonia and TKN will drop with increased digestion efficiency.
The Influent to Final Storage samples indicate high fecal coliform
concentrations remained throughout the period. There were still 274 sows housed
adjacent to the nitrification/denitrification lagoons at the time of the last sample
event. That number has been reduced to 20 currently. Water from the waterers and
excreted urine from the sows, drains to a point in the NE corner of the denitrification
lagoon. This source of fecal coliform should be completely removed before the
next report is due.
J. Ammonia Emissions Compliance & Structure Sampling
This section of the semiannual report addresses 3 areas of compliance. First
being the atmospheric ammonia emission evaluation from the waste treatment
system. At the beginning of this report period, plans to depopulate the new swine
housing was underway and was completed by the end of September 2020. The
reduction of manure source material into the digester to primarily food waste and
101 Dage

mortality sources created an atypical waste stream that will not likely have the same
ammonia emission characteristics as the combined waste described in the permit.
Therefor postponing the measurements until the housing is repopulated and manure
additions are back to normal input levels is the best approach at this time.
The second compliance area is direct measurement of ammonia emissions
from the new housing units. As stated above, there are no swine currently housed
in the new structures, so there has been zero emissions from these structures since
the end of September 2020. No measurements for ammonia emission from these
structures will occur until the housing is repopulated.
The third compliance area is the ammonia emission evaluation from land
application of waste. The mass balance conducted and reported in the initial
Semiannual Report indicated that the drag hose injection method used for final
effluent land application easily met the emission performance standard. Drag hose
remained the method of land application for this report period as well. However,
the facility is installing new pivot irrigation in some of the larger fields to be used
going forward. A new mass balance will be necessary it incorporate ammonia
emission from the pivot systems in the next crop cycle.
ill ' a g e

K-Odor Monitoring
The Facility will begin odor monitoring of the new housing structures when
they are stocked again with swine. Currently there are no swine in any of the new
houses that are required to meet the North Carolina performance standards for new
or expanding farms. The housing depopulation was a direct result of COVID-19.
Odor monitoring of the waste structures is also required by the North Carolina
performance standards for new or expanding farms. The wastewater stream that is
currently being produced by the facility is currently exceptionally low in manure
content. The expanded population of swine on the farm has been reduced to zero.
As a result, the wastewater is currently non -characteristic of swine manure waste
and measuring odor from the structures would currently not be representative of a
new or expanded farm.
Odor monitoring will begin at the earliest time when the houses are stocked and
manure introduction into the waste system begins, and the wastewater system has
reached steady-state conditions.
L. Substantially Eliminate the Release of Disease -Transmitting Vectors and
Airborne Pathogens
Facility must substantially eliminate the release of disease -transmitting
vectors and airborne pathogens by meeting a wastewater fecal coliform
concentration in the final liquid effluent of not exceeding an annual average of
7,000 Most Probable Number/100 ml (MPN). Sampling of the final effluent to
evaluate this performance standard has confirmed the introduction of fresh waste
12I'age

into the final effluent holding structure. At the end of November 2020, 274 sows
were present. By the end of December that number had been reduced to 20. The
December Influent to Final Storage again contained high fecal coliform counts. The
March 2021 sample should see substantial decrease in fecal coliform count that can
be maintained below the performance standard of 7,000 MPN going forward.
M. On -Site Record Location Status
The Plant Office building contains the records related to operation,
maintenance, and repair.
N. Next Report
In accordance with Section III 8. of the Permit, the next report is due July
31, 2021.
13I'age

EC
BTER @r,
Drinking Water ID: 37715
Wastewater ID: 10
114 OAKMONT DRIVE
GREENVILLE, N.C. 27858
LEGACY BIOGAS (BDX ENVIRONMENTAL)
ART BARNHARDT
BDX ENVIRONMENTAL, PLLC
11341 NC HWY 53 WEST
WHITE OAK ,NC 28399
PARAMETERS
Influent to Influent to
Digester Final Stor.
Ammonia Nitrogen as N, mg/1
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N,mg/1
Nitrate -Nitrite as N, mg/1
Total Phosphorus as P, mg/1
Copper, ug/I
Zinc, ug/I
Total Solids, %
Fecal Coliform (MPN), /gram Solids
Missing
Missing
Missing
Missing
Missing
Missing
Missing
336.0
444.8
0.38
80.60
68
271
0.50
98000
PHONE [phone]
FAX [phone]
ID#: 183
DATE COLLECTED: 07/01/20
DATE REPORTED : 07/21/20
REVIEWED BY:
Analysis Method
Date Analyst Code
07/02/20
07/07/20
07/06/20
07/07/20
07/10/20
07/10/20
07/01/20
07/01/20
TLH
TCW
TLH
TM
LFJ
LFJ
KDS
KDS
350.1 R2-93
351.2 R2-93
353.2 R2-93
365.4-74
EPA200.7
EPA200.7
2540G-11
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Drinking Water IDs 37715
Wastewater ID: 10
114 OAKMONT DRIVE
GREENVILLE, N.C. 27858
LEGACY BIOGAS (BDX ENVIRONMENTAL)
ART BARNHARDT
BDX ENVIRONMENTAL, PLLC
11341 NC HWY 53 WEST
WHITE OAK ,NC 28399
PARAMETERS
Influent to Influent to
Digester Final Stor.
Ammonia Nitrogen as N, mg/I
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N,mg/I
Nitrate -Nitrite as N, mg/I
Total Phosphorus as P, mg/1
Copper, ug/I
Zinc, ug/I
Total Solids,
Fecal Coliform (MPN), /gram Solids
Missing
Missing
Missing
Missing
Missing
Missing
Missing
1416
2030
1.39
153.4
887
3178
0.69
6000
PHONE [phone]
FAX [phone]
ID#: 183
DATE COLLECTED: 09/28/20
DATE REPORTED : 10/15/20
REVIEWED BY:
Analysis Method
Date Analyst Code
09/30/20
10/02/20
09/29/20
10/02/20
10/05/20
10/05/20
10/01/20
09/28/20
TLH
KES
DTL
TLH
LFJ
LFJ
TMR
KDS
350.1 R2-93
351.2 R2-93
353.2 R2-93
365.4-74
EPA200.7
EPA200.7
2540G-11
9221E-06

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TEMPERATURE, °C
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T. Phosphorus
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114 OAKMONT DRIVE
GREENVILLE, N.C. 27858
LEGACY BIOGAS (BDX ENVIRONMENTAL)
ART BARNHARDT
BDX ENVIRONMENTAL, PLLC
11341 NC HWY 53 WEST
WHITE OAK ,NC 28399
PARAMETERS
Ammonia Nitrogen as N, mg/I
Ammonia Nitrogen as N, mg/I
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N,mg/1
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen as N,mg/1
Nitrate -Nitrite as N, mg/1 7.75
Total Phosphorus as P, mg/1 585.6
Copper, ug/1 2101
Copper, ug/1
Zinc, ug/1 9186
Zinc, ug/1
Total Solids, %
Fecal Coliform (MPN), /gram Solids
2.30
Influent to Lnfluent to
Digester Final Stor.
5220
7720
1700
2228
1.34
195.6
909
3648
0.63
52000
Analysis
Date
12/23/20
12/28/20
12/23/20
12/30/20
12/21/20
12/23/20
01/05/21
12/21/20
01/05/21
12/21/20
12/21/20
12/17/20
Analyst
DTL
KES
TLH
KES
TLH
KES
LFJ
LFJ
LFJ
LFJ
JMS
KDS
Drinking Water ID: 37715
Wastewater ID: 10
PHONE [phone]
FAX [phone]
ID#: 183
DATE COLLECTED: 12/17/20
DATE REPORTED : 01/08/21
REVIEWED BY:
Method
Code
350.1 R2-93
350.1 R2-93
351.2 R2-93
351.2 R2-93
353.2 R2-93
365.4-74
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