20011043 Ver 1_Complete File_20010919

?0? wAT?9QG Michael F. Easley
(n Governor
r William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
> Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Kerr T. Stevens
Division of Water Quality
September 19, 2001
Mr. Larry Hobbs
Wetlands Restoration Program
1619 MSC
Raleigh, NC 27699-1619
Subject: Stream Restoration
Smith and Austin Creeks
Wake County, NC
DWQ# 011043
Dear Mr. Hobbs:
This Office is in receipt of the plans for the stream restoration project of a specified length of the Smith
and Austin Creeks prepared submitted to the Division by Buck Engineering July 9, 2001. Staff from the
Wetlands Unit reviewed the plans and found that they meet the definition of stream restoration and do not
require a formal application as specified in the Water Quality Certifications 3257 for USACE Nationwide
Permits No. 27. Additionally, stream restoration is listed as an exempt activity in the Neuse Buffer Rules, 15A
NCAC 2b.0233.
If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact Mr. Todd St. John at [phone].
Sincere ,
C?t r
rney
Wetlands Unit Supervisor
cc: Mr. Todd St. John, Wetlands Unit
Raleigh Regional Office
File
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 401 Wetlands Certification Unit,
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1650 (Mailing Address)
2321 Crabtree Blvd., Raleigh, NC 27604-2260 (Location)
Draft -for Internal Review and Comments
Triage Check List
Date:
To: XRR0 eve Mitchell
17IFRO Ken Averitte
?WaRO Deborah Sawyer
?WiRO Joanne Steenhuis
?WSRO Jennifer Frye
?ARO Mike Parker
?MRO -;- Pete Colwell - -
Project Name
DWO Project Number O l l `? 3
County-
From:
Telephone (919) 733-
The file attached is being forwarded to you for your evaluation. Please call if you need
assistance.
? Stream length impacted
? Stream determination
? Wetland determination and distance to blue-line surface waters on USGW topo maps
? Minimizaiion/avoidance issues
? Buffer Rules (Neuse, Tar-Pamilco, Catawba, Randleman)
-.: ? Pond fill -
? Mitigation Ratios
? Ditching
? Are the stream and or wetland mitigation sites available and viable?
? Check drawings for-accuracy:
? Is the application consistent with pre-application meetings?
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? Cumulative impact conc ems
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June 23, 2001
Mr. Larry Hobbs
NC Wetlands Restoration Program
1619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1619
RECEIVED
JUN 28 2001
NC WETLANDS
R-EST9RAT19p)
Re: Reference Reach Analyses for the Smith-Austin Stream Restoration Project
Dear Larry,
The purpose of this letter is to provide clarification regarding the selection and analyses
of reference reach data used in the natural channel design for Smith and Austin Creeks.
Sals Branch, which is an E4 stream type, was selected as the reference reach most
suitable for the Smith and Austin Creek designs, specifically for the. reaches where
channel pattern was being altered. However, the design shows that Smith and Austin
Creeks will be built as C5 channels, rather than E4's. Therefore, the question arose, "why
are we using an E4 stream type as a reference, but designing a C57
First, Sals Branch was selected as the reference reach because it is located in the same
hydrophysiographic region, possess similar upstream land use characteristics, and has
good pattern data, especially meander wavelength and radius of curvature ratios. These
pattern ratios are important; however, the most important part of the design is
determining the bankfull dimension (cross sectional area, width/depth ratio and width).
The reason for this is because the cross sectional area and width/depth ratio are used to
calculate the bankfull width and once the width has been determined; all the pattern ratios
are multiplied by the bankfull width to determine the design pattern.
Determining the bankfull dimension for Smith and Austin Creeks was the must difficult
part of the design, given the development potential of the watershed. The cross sectional
area needed to be larger than rural streams, but not as large as urban streams. After an
iterative process of calculating channel dimensions and relating it to sediment transport
processes, a final design dimension was selected. Originally, the bankfull width/depth
ratio was 10, appropriate for an E stream type. However, after considering the fact that
construction would take place in the fall, a more conservative width/depth ratio of 12 was
selected. Fall construction requires a more conservative design because growing
conditions are poor and vegetation will not take hold until the following spring/ summer.
The reason that the design shows a C5 is because of the width/depth ratio of 12. This is
right on the border of a C/E stream type. The pattern design information of the E was still
1152 Executive Circle, Suite 100 • Cary, North Carolina 27511
Phone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
used but because the. bankfull width is higher, the pattern is more conservative (higher
radii of curvatures and meander wavelengths). The intent of the design is that the higher
width/depth ratio will provide stability throughout the winter, but with a few growing
seasons, the stream channel should narrow to an E stream type. In addition, by decreasing
streambank erosion and therefore fine sediment inputs, the streambed may coarsen to a
gravel bed channel and an E4 stream type.
If you have any other questions, don't hesitate to ask.
Sincerely, /
William A. Harman
Vice President
Cc Jim Buck
Greg Jennings
O?O? W A 7'FRQG
r
4 'C
Michael F. Easley
Governor
William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Kerr T. Stevens, Director
Division of Water Quality
July 5, 2001
Mr. Todd St. John
Division of Water Quality
401 Wetlands Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Dear Mr. St. John,,
9 2001
Re: Smith Austin Creeks Stream Restoration Project, Wake Forest, N. C.
The North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposing a stream
restoration project on Smith Austin Creeks in Wake Forest, North Carolina. The NCWRP
respectfully submits the attached Pre-Construction Notification Application and stream
restoration design plans for consideration of a 401 Certification. A request for a US Army
Corps of Engineers permit, Nationwide Permit #27 has been submitted.
If you have any questions about the project, please contact me at 919 733-5314.
3 Sincerely,
yV '?
Mac Haupt,
Implementation Coordinator
cc: John Dorney, Wetlands/401 Unit
Steve Mitchell, DWQ-RRO
file
NCOENR
Customer Service
Division of Water Quality 1619 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1619
Wetlands Restoration Program [phone] Fax: [phone]
1 800 623-7748
\
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h f '

011043
0
F A T
O ?QQ
i Pre-Construction Notification (PCN) Application Form

For Section 404 and/or Section 10 Nationwide, Regional and General Permits, Section 401
General Water Quality Certifications, and Riparian Buffer and Watershed Buffer Rules
This form is to be used for projects qualifying for any of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USAGE)
Nationwide, Regional or General Permits as required by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and/or
Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act, and for the North Carolina Division of Water Quality's
(DWQ) associated General 401 Water Quality Certifications. This form is also to be used for any
project requiring approval under any Riparian Buffer Rules implemented by the N.C. Division of Water
Quality. This form should not be used if you are requesting an Individual 404 Permit or Individual 401
Water Quality Certification. The USACE Individual Permit application form is available online at
http://www.saw.usace.army.mil/wetlands/Perm app.htm.
The USACE is the lead regulatory agency. To review the requirements for the use of Nationwide,
Regional or General permits, and to determine which permit applies to your project, please go to the
USACE website at http://www.saw.usace.army.mil/wetlands/regtour.htm, or contact one of the field
offices listed at the end of this application. The website also lists the responsible project manager for
each county in North Carolina and provides additional information regarding the identification and
regulation of wetlands and waters of the U.S.
The DWQ issues a corresponding Certification (General or Individual), and cannot tell the applicant
which 401 Certification will apply until the 404 Permit type has been determined by the USACE.
Applicants are encouraged to visit DWQ's 401/Wetlands Unit website at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands to read about current requirements for the 401 Water Quality
Certification Program and to determine whether or not Riparian Buffer Rules are applicable. The
applicant is also advised to read the full text of the General Certification (GC) matching the specific 404
Permit requested. In some cases, written approval for some General Certifications is not required,
provided that the applicant adheres to all conditions of the GC. Applicants lacking access to the internet
should contact DWQ's Central Office in Raleigh at [phone].
Trout Waters Coordination - Special coordination with the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission (NCWRC) is also required for projects occurring in any of North Carolina's twenty-five
counties that contain trout waters. In such cases, the applicant should contact the appropriate NCWRC
regional coordinator (listed by county on the last page of this application).
Page 1 of 12
CAMA Coordination - If the project occurs in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on
the last page of this application) the applicant should also contact the North Carolina Division of Coastal
Management (DCM) at [phone]. DCM will determine whether or not the project involves a
designated Area of Environmental Concern, in which case DCM will act as the lead permitting agency.
In such cases, DCM will require a Coastal Area Management Act (LAMA) Permit and will coordinate
the 404/401 Permits.
USACE Permits - Submit one copy of this form, along with supporting narratives, maps, data forms,
photos, etc. to the applicable USACE Regulatory Field Office (addresses are listed at the end of this
application). Upon receipt of an application, the USACE will determine if the application is complete as
soon as possible, not to exceed 30 days. This PCN form is designed for the convenience of the applicant
to address information needs for all USACE Nationwide, Regional or General permits, as well as
information required for State authorizations, certifications, and coordination. Fully providing the
information requested on this form will result in a complete application for any of the USACE
Nationwide, Regional or General permits. To review the minimum amount of information that must be
provided for a complete PCN for each USACE Nationwide permit, see Condition 13, 65 Fed.Reg. 12893
(March 9, 2000), available at http://www.saw.usace.army.mil/wetlands/nwpfinalFedReg.pdf.
Processing times vary by permit and begin once the application has been determined to be complete.
Please contact the appropriate regulatory field office for specific answers to permit processing periods.
401 Water Quality Certification or Buffer Rules - All information is required unless otherwise stated
as optional. Incomplete applications will be returned. Submit seven collated copies of all USACE
Permit materials to the Division of Water Quality, 401/Wetlands Unit, 1650 Mail Service Center,
Raleigh, NC, 27699-1650. If written approval is required or specifically requested for a 401
Certification, then a non-refundable application fee is required. In brief, if project impacts include less
than one acre of cumulative wetland/water impacts and less than 150 feet cumulative impacts to
streams, then a fee of $200 is required. If either of these thresholds is exceeded, then a fee of $475 is
required. A check made out to the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, with the specific name of
the project or applicant identified, should be stapled to the front of the application package. For more
information, see the DWQ website at http://h2o.ehnr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/fees.html. The fee must be
attached with the application unless the applicant is a federal agency in which case the check may be
issued from a separate office. In such cases, the project must be identifiable on the U.S. Treasury check
so that it can be credited to the appropriate project. If written approval is sought solely for Buffer Rules,
the application fee does not apply, and the applicant should clearly state (in a cover letter) that only
Buffer Rule approval is sought in writing. Wetlands or waters of the U.S. may not be impacted prior to
issuance or waiver of a Section 401 Water Quality Certification. Upon receipt of a complete application
for a 401 Certification, the Division of Water Quality has 60 days to prepare a written response to the
applicant. This may include a 401 Certification, an on-hold letter pending receipt of additional
requested information, or denial.
Page 2 of 12
Office Use Only: 011043 Form Version April 2001
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No.
If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A" rather than
leaving the space blank.
1. Processing
1. Check all of the approval(s) requested for this project:
® Section 404 Permit
? Section 10 Permit
® 401 Water Quality Certification
? Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: NW 27
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: ?
4. If payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposed for
mitigation of impacts (see section VIII - Mitigation), check here: ?
II. Applicant Information
1. Owner/Applicant Information
Name: State of North Carolina: Department of Administration: Wetlands Restoration
Program
Mailing Address: 1619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1619
Telephone Number: [phone] Fax Number [phone]
E-mail Address:
2. Agent Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter must be
attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: Mac Haupt
Company Affiliation: Wetlands Restoration Program
Mailing Address: !619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1619
Telephone Number: [phone] Fax Number: [phone]
E-mail Address: [e-mail]
Page 3 of 12
III. Project Information -SEE PLANS
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project: Smith Austin Creeks Stream Restoration Project
2. T.I.P. Project Number (NCDOT Only
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN):
4. Location
County: Wake Nearest Town: Wake Forest
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number): Heritage Village
Directions to site (include road numbers, landmarks, etc.):
Turn right off US 1 N onto Burlington Mill Rd., turn left at intersection of Forrestville Rd.,
road leads to the site
5. Site coordinates, if available (UTM or Lat/Long):
(Note - If project is linear, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that separately lists the
coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
6. Describe the existing land use or condition of the site at the time of this application: creeks
7. Property size (acres
8. Nearest body of water (
ver/sound/ocean/lake):Smith and Austin Creeks
9. River Basin: Neuse
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at http://h2o.enr.state.ne.us/admin/maps/.)
Page 4 of 12
flow through proposed development of golf course and residential areas (currently under
10. Describe the purpose of the proposed work: Improve water quality, habitat and buffers
SEE PLANS
11. List the type of equipment to be used to construct the project: back and trac hoes
12. Describe the land use in the vicinity of this project: residential and agricultural
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.I.P. project, along with
construction schedules.
NOT APPLICABLE
V. Future Project Plans
Are any additional permit requests anticipated for this project in the future? If so, describe the
anticipated work, and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current
application: NOT APPLICABLE
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. The applicant must also
provide justification for these impacts in Section VII below. All proposed impacts, permanent
and temporary, must be listed herein, and must be clearly identifiable on an accompanying site
plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial) must be shown on a
delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems. Wetland and stream
evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate. Photographs may be
included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for wetland or stream
Page 5 of 12
mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional space is needed for
listing or description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Wetland Impacts
Wetland Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Located within
100-year Floodplain**
(yes/no) Distance to
Nearest Stream
(linear feet)
Type of Wetland***

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: mechanized clearing, grading, fill,
excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams, separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
** 100-Year floodplains are identified through the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM), or FEMA-approved local floodplain maps. Maps are available through the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616, or
online at htro://www.fema.gov.
*** List a wetland type that best describes wetland to be impacted (e.g., freshwater/saltwater marsh, forested wetland, beaver pond,
Carolina Bay, bog, etc.)
List the total acreage (estimated) of existing wetlands on the property: 0
Total area of wetland impact proposed: 0
2. Stream Impacts, including all intermittent and perennial streams SEE PLANS
Stream Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Length of
Impact
(linear feet)
Stream Name** Average Width
of Stream
Before Im act Perennial or
Intermittent?
(please secif )

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: culverts and associated rip-rap,
dams (separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding), relocation (include linear feet before and after, and net loss/gain),
stabilization activities (cement wall, rip-rap, crib wall, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is
proposed, plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams must be included.
** Stream names can be found on USGS topographic maps. If a stream has no name, list as UT (unnamed tributary) to the nearest
downstream named stream into which it flows. USGS maps are available through the USGS at 1-800-358-9616, or online at
www.usgs.gov. Several internet sites also allow direct download and printing of USGS maps (e.g., www.topozone.com,
www.mgpguest.com, etc.).
Cumulative impacts (linear distance in feet) to all streams on site: 10,526
Page 6 of 12
3. Open Water Impacts, including Lakes, Ponds, Estuaries, Sounds, Atlantic Ocean and any
other Water of the U.S. NOT APPLICABLE
Open Water Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Name of Waterbody
(if applicable) Type of Waterbody
(lake, pond, estuary, sound,
bay, ocean, etc.)
none

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: fill, excavation, dredging,
flooding, drainage, bulkheads, etc.
4. Pond Creation NOT APPLICABLE
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ? uplands ? stream ? wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.):
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.):
Size of watershed draining to pond: Expected pond surface area:
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
SEE PLANS
Page 7 of 12
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on March 9, 2000, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCWRP concurrence shall be placed on hold as
incomplete. An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration
in DWQ's Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/strrnaide.html.
Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed. NOT APPLICABLE
Page 8 of 12
2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration
Program (NCWRP) with the NCWRP's written agreement. Check the box indicating that
you would like to pay into the NCWRP. Please note that payment into the NCWRP must be
reviewed and approved before it can be used to satisfy mitigation requirements. Applicants
will be notified early in the review process by the 401/Wetlands Unit if payment into the
NCWRP is available as an option. For additional information regarding the application
process for the NCWRP, check the NCWRP website at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/mm/index.htm. If
use of the NCWRP is proposed, please check the appropriate box on page three and provide
the following information: NOT APPLICABLE
Amount of stream mitigation requested (linear feet):
Amount of buffer mitigation requested (square feet):
Amount of Riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Coastal wetland mitigation requested (acres):
IX. Environmental Documentation (DWQ Only)
Does the project involve an expenditure of public funds or the use of public (federal/state/local)
land?
Yes ® No ?
If yes, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the
requirements of the National or North Carolina Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
Note: If you are not sure whether a NEPA/SEPA document is required, call the SEPA
coordinator at [phone] to review current thresholds for environmental documentation.
Yes ? No
If yes, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearinghouse? If so, please attach a
copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval letter.
Yes ? No ?
X. Proposed Impacts on Riparian and Watershed Buffers (DWQ Only)
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
required state and local buffers associated with the project. The applicant must also provide
justification for these impacts in Section VII above. All proposed impacts must be listed herein,
and must be clearly identifiable on the accompanying site plan. All buffers must be shown on a
map, whether or not impacts are proposed to the buffers. Correspondence from the DWQ
Regional Office may be included as appropriate. Photographs may also be included at the
applicant's discretion.
Will the project impact protected riparian buffers identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0233
(Neuse), 15A NCAC 2B .0259 (Tar-Pamlico), 15A NCAC 2B .0250 (Randleman Rules and
Water Supply Buffer Requirements), or other (please identify I5A NCAC 2B .0233 (Neuse) )?
Yes ® No ? If you answered "yes", provide the following information:
Page 9 of 12
Identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers. If buffer
mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the buffer
multipliers.
Zone* Impact
(square feet)
Multiplier Required
Mitigation
1 3
2 1.5
Total
* Zone 1 extends out 30 feet perpendicular from near bank of channel; 'Lone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e., Donation
of Property, Conservation Easement, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, Preservation or
Payment into the Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as
identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0242 or.0260.
Under Neuse Buffer Rules - stream restoration activities are allowed.
XI. Stormwater (DWQ Only)
Describe impervious acreage (both existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site.
Discuss stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands
downstream from the property.
NOT APPLICABLE
XII. Sewage Disposal (DWQ Only)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
NOT APPLICABLE
XIII. Violations (DWQ Only)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 211.0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No
Is this an after-the-fact permit application?
Yes ? No
Page 10 of 12

XIV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).
7- ?-- o
Applicant/Agent's Sonature Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
US Army Corps Of Engineers Field Offices and County Coverage
Asheville Regulatory Field Office Alexander Cherokee Iredell Mitchell
US Army Corps of Engineers Avery Clay Jackson Polk
151 Patton Avenue Buncombe Cleveland Lincoln Rowan
Room 208 Burke Gaston Macon Rutherford
Asheville, NC 28801-5006 Cabarrus Graham Madison Stanley
Telephone: [phone] Caldwell Haywood McDowell Swain
Fax: [phone] Catawba Henderson Mecklenburg Transylvania
Raleigh Regulatory Field Office Alamance Durham Johnston Rockingham
US Army Corps Of Engineers Alleghany Edgecombe Lee Stokes
6508 Falls of the Neuse Road Ashe Franklin Nash Surry
Suite 120 Caswell Forsyth Northampton Vance
Raleigh, NC 27615 Chatham Granville Orange Wake
Telephone: [phone] Davidson Guilford Person Warren
Fax: [phone] Davie Halifax Randolph Wilkes
Washington Regulatory Field Office Beaufort Currituck Jones
US Army Corps Of Engineers Bertie Dare Lenoir
Post Office Box 1000 Camden Gates Martin
Washington, NC 27889-1000 Carteret* Green Pamlico
Telephone: [phone] Chowan Hertford Pasquotank
Fax: [phone] Craven Hyde Perquimans
Wilmington Regulatory Field Office Anson Duplin Onslow
US Army Corps Of Engineers Bladen Harnett Pender
Post Office Box 1890 Brunswick Hoke Richmond
Wilmington, NC 28402-1890 Carteret Montgomery Robeson
Telephone: [phone] Columbus Moore Sampson
Fax: [phone] Cumberland New Hanover Scotland
Pitt
Tyrrell
Washington
Wayne
Union
Watauga
Yancey
Wilson
Yadkin
*Croatan National Forest Only
Page 11 of 12

US Fish and Wildlife Service / National Marine Fisheries Service
US Fish and Wildlife Service US Fish and Wildlife Service National Marine Fisheries Service
Raleigh Field Office Asheville Field Office Habitat Conservation Division
Post Office Box 33726 160 Zillicoa Street Pivers Island
Raleigh, NC 27636-3726 Asheville, NC 28801 Beaufort, NC 28516
Telephone: [phone] Telephone: [phone] Telephone: [phone]
North Carolina State Agencies
Division of Water Quality
401 Wetlands Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Division of Water Quality
Wetlands Restoration Program
1619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1619
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
State Historic Preservation Office
Department Of Cultural Resources
4617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-4617
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
CAMA and NC Coastal Counties
Division of Coastal Management Beaufort Chowan Hertford Pasquotank
1638 Mail Service Center Bertie Craven Hyde Pender
Raleigh, NC 27699-1638 Brunswick Currituck New Hanover Perquimans
Telephone: [phone] Camden Dare Onslow Tyrrell
Fax: [phone] Carteret Gates Pamlico Washington
NCWRC and NC Trout Counties
Western Piedmont Region Coordinator Alleghany Caldwell Watauga
3855 Idlewild Road Ashe Mitchell Wilkes
Kernersville, NC 27284-9180 Avery Stokes
Telephone: [phone] Burke Surry
Mountain Region Coordinator Buncombe Henderson Polk
20830 Great Smoky Mtn. Expressway Cherokee Jackson Rutherford
Waynesville, NC 28786 Clay Macon Swain
Telephone: [phone] Graham Madison Transylvania
Fax: [phone] Haywood McDowell Yancey
Page 12 of 12

011043
,o?
0
OF
\ NA
rF9
QG
Pre-Construction Notification (PCN) Application Form
For Section 404 and/or Section 10 Nationwide, Regional and General Permits, Section 401
General Water Quality Certifications, and Riparian Buffer and Watershed Buffer Rules
This form is to be used for projects qualifying for any of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE)
Nationwide, Regional or General Permits as required by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and/or
Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act, and for the North Carolina Division of Water Quality's
(DWQ) associated General 401 Water Quality Certifications. This form is also to be used for any
project requiring approval under any Riparian Buffer Rules implemented by the N.C. Division of Water
Quality. This form should not be used if you are requesting an Individual 404 Permit or Individual 401
Water Quality Certification. The USACE Individual Permit application form is available online at
http://www.saw.usace.arm_y.mil/wetlands/Perm app.htm.
The USACE is the lead regulatory agency. To review the requirements for the use of Nationwide,
Regional or General permits, and to determine which permit applies to your project, please go to the
USACE website at hqp://www.saw.usace.army.mil/wetlands/regtour.htm, or contact one of the field
offices listed at the end of this application. The website also lists the responsible project manager for
each county in North Carolina and provides additional information regarding the identification and
regulation of wetlands and waters of the U.S.
The DWQ issues a corresponding Certification (General or Individual), and cannot tell the applicant
which 401 Certification will apply until the 404 Permit type has been determined by the USACE.
Applicants are encouraged to visit DWQ's 401/Wetlands Unit website at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands to read about current requirements for the 401 Water Quality
Certification Program and to determine whether or not Riparian Buffer Rules are applicable. The
applicant is also advised to read the full text of the General Certification (GC) matching the specific 404
Permit requested. In some cases, written approval for some General Certifications is not required,
provided that the applicant adheres to all conditions of the GC. Applicants lacking access to the internet
should contact DWQ's Central Office in Raleigh at [phone].
Trout Waters Coordination - Special coordination with the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission (NCWRC) is also required for projects occurring in any of North Carolina's twenty-five
counties that contain trout waters. In such cases, the applicant should contact the appropriate NCWRC
regional coordinator (listed by county on the last page of this application).
Pa-e 1 of 12
CAMA Coordination - If the project occurs in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on
the last page of this application) the applicant should also contact the North Carolina Division of Coastal
Management (DCM) at [phone]. DCM will determine whether or not the project involves a
designated Area of Environmental Concern, in which case DCM will act as the lead permitting agency.
In such cases, DCM will require a Coastal Area Management Act (LAMA) Permit and will coordinate
the 404/401 Permits.
USACE Permits - Submit one copy of this form, along with supporting narratives, maps, data forms,
photos, etc. to the applicable USACE Regulatory Field Office (addresses are listed at the end of this
application). Upon receipt of an application, the USACE will determine if the application is complete as
soon as possible, not to exceed 30 days. This PCN form is designed for the convenience of the applicant
to address information needs for all USACE Nationwide, Regional or General permits, as well as
information required for State authorizations, certifications, and coordination. Fully providing the
information requested on this form will result in a complete application for any of the USACE
Nationwide, Regional or General permits. To review the minimum amount of information that must be
provided for a complete PCN for each USACE Nationwide permit, see Condition 13, 65 Fed.Reg. 12893
(March 9, 2000), available at http://www.saw.usace.army.miI/wetlands/nwpfina]FedReg.pdf.
Processing times vary by permit and begin once the application has been determined to be complete.
Please contact the appropriate regulatory field office for specific answers to permit processing periods.
401 Water Quality Certification or Buffer Rules - All information is required unless otherwise stated
as optional. Incomplete applications will be returned. Submit seven collated copies of all USACE
Permit materials to the Division of Water Quality, 401/Wetlands Unit, 1650 Mail Service Center,
Raleigh, NC, 27699-1650. If written approval is required or specifically requested for a 401
Certification, then a non-refundable application fee is required. In brief, if project impacts include less
than one acre of cumulative wetland/water impacts and less than 150 feet cumulative impacts to
streams, then a fee of $200 is required. If either of these thresholds is exceeded, then a fee of $475 is
required. A check made out to the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, with the specific name of
the project or applicant identified, should be stapled to the front of the application package. For more
information, see the DWQ website at http://h2o.ehnr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/fees.html. The fee must be
attached with the application unless the applicant is a federal agency in which case the check may be
issued from a separate office. In such cases, the project must be identifiable on the U.S. Treasury check
so that it can be credited to the appropriate project. If written approval is sought solely for Buffer Rules,
the application fee does not apply, and the applicant should clearly state (in a cover letter) that only
Buffer Rule approval is sought in writing. Wetlands or waters of the U.S. may not be impacted prior to
issuance or waiver of a Section 401 Water Quality Certification. Upon receipt of a complete application
for a 401 Certification, the Division of Water Quality has 60 days to prepare a written response to the
applicant. This may include a 401 Certification, an on-hold letter pending receipt of additional
requested information, or denial.
Page 2 of 12
Office Use Only: Form Version April 2001
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No. 01 10 4 3
If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A" rather than
leaving the space blank.
1. ' Processing
1. Check all of the approval(s) requested for this project:
® Section 404 Permit
? Section 10 Permit
® 401 Water Quality Certification
? Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: NW 27
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: ?
4. If payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposed for
mitigation of impacts (see section VIII - Mitigation), check here: ?
II. Applicant Information
1. Owner/Applicant Information
Name: State of North Carolina; Department of Administration; Wetlands Restoration
Program
Mailing Address: 1619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1619
Telephone Number: [phone] Fax Number [phone]
E-mail Address:
2. Agent Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter must be
attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: Mac Haupt
Company Affiliation: Wetlands Restoration Program
Mailing Address: !619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1619
Telephone Number: [phone]
E-mail Address: [e-mail]
Fax Number: [phone]
Page 3 of 12
III. Project Information -SEE PLANS
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project: Smith Austin Creeks Stream Restoration Project
2. T.I.P. Project Number (NCDOT Only):
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN):
4. Location
County: Wake Nearest Town: Wake Forest
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number): Heritage ge
Directions to site (include road numbers, landmarks, etc.):
Turn right off US 1 N onto Burlington Mill Rd., turn left at intersection of Forrestville Rd.;
road leads to the site
5. Site coordinates, if available (UTM or Lat/Long):
(Note - If project is linear, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that separately lists the
coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
6. Describe the existing land use or condition of the site at the time of this application: creeks
flow through proposed development of golf course and residential areas (currently under
construction); past agricultural land use along parts of Smith Creek
7. Property size (acres): 35.7 acres
8. Nearest body of water (stream/ri ver/sound/ocean/lake): Smith and Austin Creeks
9. River Basin: Neuse
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/admin/maps/.)
Page 4 of 12
10. Describe the purpose of the proposed work: Improve water quality, habitat and buffers
SEE PLANS
11. List the type of equipment to be used to construct the project: back and trac hoes
12. Describe the land use in the vicinity of this project: residential and agricultural
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.I.P. project, along with
construction schedules.
NOT APPLICABLE
V. Future Project Plans
Are any additional permit requests anticipated for this project in the future? If so, describe the
anticipated work, and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current
application: NOT APPLICABLE
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. The applicant must also
provide justification for these impacts in Section VII below. All proposed impacts, permanent
and temporary, must be listed herein, and must be clearly identifiable on an accompanying site
plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial) must be shown on a
delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems. Wetland and stream
evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate. Photographs may be
included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for wetland or stream
Page 5 of 12
mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional space is needed for
listing or description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Wetland Impacts
Wetland Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Located within
100-year Floodplain**
(yes/no) Distance to
Nearest Stream
(linear feet)
Type of Wetland***

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: mechanized clearing, grading, fill,
excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams, separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
** 100-Year floodplains are identified through the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM), or FEMA-approved local floodplain maps. Maps are available through the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616, or
online at http://www.fema.gov.
*** List a wetland type that best describes wetland to be impacted (e.g., freshwater/saltwater marsh, forested wetland, beaver pond,
Carolina Bay, bog, etc.)
List the total acreage (estimated) of existing wetlands on the property: 0
Total area of wetland impact proposed: 0
2. Stream Impacts, including all intermittent and perennial streams SEE PLANS
Stream Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Length of
Impact
(linear feet)
Stream Name** Average Width
of Stream
Before Impact Perennial or
Intermittent?
specify)

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: culverts and associated rip-rap,
dams (separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding), relocation (include linear feet before and after, and net loss/gain),
stabilization activities (cement wall, rip-rap, crib wall, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is
proposed, plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams must be included.
** Stream names can be found on USGS topographic maps. If a stream has no name, list as UT (unnamed tributary) to the nearest
downstream named stream into which it flows. USGS maps are available through the USGS at 1-800-358-9616, or online at
www.uses.¢ov. Several intemet sites also allow direct download and printing of USGS maps (e.g., www.topozone.com,
www.mmguest.com, etc.).
Cumulative impacts (linear distance in feet) to all streams on site: 10,526
Page 6 of 12
3. Open Water Impacts, including Lakes, Ponds, Estuaries, Sounds, Atlantic Ocean and any
other Water of the U.S. NOT APPLICABLE
Open Water Impact
Site Number

(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact

(acres)
Name p Waterbody

(if applicable) Type of Waterbody

(lake, pond, estuary, sound,

bay, ocean, etc.)
none

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: fill, excavation, dredging,
flooding, drainage, bulkheads, etc.
4. Pond Creation NOT APPLICABLE
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ? uplands ? stream ? wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.):
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.):
Size of watershed draining to pond: Expected pond surface area:
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
SEE PLANS
Page 7 of 12
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on March 9, 2000, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCWRP concurrence shall be placed on hold as
incomplete. An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration
in DWQ's Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/strrngide.html.
1. Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed. NOT APPLICABLE
Page 8 of 12
2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration
Program (NCWRP) with the NCWRP's written agreement. Check the box indicating that
you would like to pay into the NCWRP. Please note that payment into the NCWRP must be
reviewed and approved before it can be used to satisfy mitigation requirements. Applicants
will be notified early in the review process by the 401/Wetlands Unit if payment into the
NCWRP is available as an option. For additional information regarding the application
process for the NCWRP, check the NCWRP website at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/M/index.htm. If
use of the. NCWRP is proposed, please check the appropriate box on page three and provide
the following information: NOT APPLICABLE
Amount of stream mitigation requested (linear feet):
Amount of buffer mitigation requested (square feet):
Amount of Riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Coastal wetland mitigation requested (acres):
IX. Environmental Documentation (DWQ Only)
Does the project involve an expenditure of public funds or the use of public (federal/state/local)
land?
Yes ® No ?
If yes, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the
requirements of the National or North Carolina Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
Note: If you are not sure whether a NEPA/SEPA document is required, call the SEPA
coordinator at [phone] to review current thresholds for environmental documentation.
Yes ? No
If yes, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearinghouse? If so, please attach a
copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval letter.
Yes ? No ?
X. Proposed Impacts on Riparian and Watershed Buffers (DWQ Only)
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
required state and local buffers associated with the project. The applicant must also provide
justification for these impacts in Section VII above. All proposed impacts must be listed herein,
and must be clearly identifiable on the accompanying site plan. All buffers must be shown on a
map, whether or not impacts are proposed to the buffers. Correspondence from the DWQ
Regional Office may be included as appropriate. Photographs may also be included at the
applicant's discretion.
Will the project impact protected riparian buffers identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0233
(Neuse), 15A NCAC 2B .0259 (Tar-Pamlico), 15A NCAC 2B .0250 (Randleman Rules and
Water Supply Buffer Requirements), or other (please identifyl5A NCAC 2B .0233 (Neuse) )?
Yes ® No ? If you answered "yes", provide the following information:
Page 9 of 12
Identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers. If buffer
mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the buffer
multipliers.
Zone* Impact
(square feet) Multiplier Required
Mitigation
1 3
2 1.5
Total
T zone i extends out 3u teet perpendicular from near bank of channel; Zone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e., Donation
of Property, Conservation Easement, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, Preservation or
Payment into the Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as
identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0242 or.0260.
Under Neuse Buffer Rules - stream restoration activities are allowed.
XI. Stormwater (DWQ Only)
Describe impervious acreage (both existing and. proposed) versus total acreage on the site.
Discuss stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands
downstream from the property.
NOT APPLICABLE
XII. Sewage Disposal (DWQ Only)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
NOT APPLICABLE
XIII. Violations (DWQ Only)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H.0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No ® _
Is this an after-the-fact permit application?
Yes ? No
Page 10 of 12
XIV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).
14
7 - !?-- o
Applicant/Agent's Si ature Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
US Army Corps Of Engineers Field Offices and County Coverage
Asheville Regulatory Field Office Alexander Cherokee Iredell Mitchell
US Army Corps of Engineers Avery Clay Jackson Polk
151 Patton Avenue Buncombe Cleveland Lincoln Rowan
Room 208 Burke Gaston Macon Rutherford
Asheville, NC 28801-5006 Cabarrus Graham Madison Stanley
Telephone: [phone] Caldwell Haywood McDowell Swain
Fax: [phone] Catawba Henderson Mecklenburg Transylvania
Raleigh Regulatory Field Office Alamance Durham Johnston Rockingham
US Army Corps Of Engineers Alleghany Edgecombe Lee Stokes
6508 Falls of the Neuse Road Ashe Franklin Nash Surry
Suite 120 Caswell Forsyth Northampton Vance
Raleigh, NC 27615 Chatham Granville Orange Wake
Telephone: [phone] Davidson Guilford Person Warren
Fax: [phone] Davie Halifax Randolph Wilkes
Washington Regulatory Field Office Beaufort Currituck Jones
US Army Corps Of Engineers Bertie Dare Lenoir
Post Office Box 1000 Camden Gates Martin
Washington, NC 27889-1000 Carteret* Green Pamlico
Telephone: [phone] Chowan Hertford Pasquotank
Fax: [phone] Craven Hyde Perquimans
Wilmington Regulatory Field Office Anson Duplin Onslow
US Army Corps Of Engineers Bladen Harnett Pender
Post Office Box 1890 Brunswick Hoke Richmond
Wilmington, NC 28402-1890 Carteret Montgomery Robeson
Telephone: [phone] Columbus Moore Sampson
Fax: [phone] Cumberland New Hanover Scotland
Pitt
Tyrrell
Washington
Wayne
Union
Watauga
Yancey
Wilson
Yadkin
*Croatan National Forest Only
Page 11 of 12
US Fis
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Raleigh Field Office
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, NC 27636-3726
Telephone: [phone]
h and Wildlife Service / National N
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Asheville Field Office
160 Zillicoa Street
Asheville, NC 28801
Telephone: [phone]
[arine Fisheries Service
National Marine Fisheries Service
Habitat Conservation Division
Pivers Island
Beaufort, NC 28516
Telephone: [phone]
North Carolina State Agencies
Division of Water Quality
401 Wetlands Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Division of Water Quality
Wetlands Restoration Program
1619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1619
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
CAMA and NC Coastal Counties
State Historic Preservation Office
Department Of Cultural Resources
4617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-4617
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Division of Coastal Management Beaufort Chowan Hertford Pasquotank
1638 Mail Service Center Bertie Craven Hyde Pender
Raleigh, NC 27699-1638 Brunswick Currituck New Hanover Perquimans
Telephone: [phone] Camden Dare Onslow Tyrrell
Fax: [phone] Carteret Gates Pamlico Washington
NCWRC and NC Trout Counties
Western Piedmont Region Coordinator Alleghany Caldwell Watauga
3855 Idlewild Road Ashe Mitchell Wilkes
Kernersville, NC 27284-9180 Avery Stokes
Telephone: [phone] Burke Surry
Mountain Region Coordinator Buncombe Henderson Polk
20830 Great Smoky Mtn. Expressway Cherokee Jackson Rutherford
Waynesville, NC 28786 Clay Macon Swain
Telephone: [phone] Graham Madison Transylvania
Fax: [phone] Haywood McDowell Yancey
Page 12 of 12

1•
•

Prepared By:
1152 Executive Circle .
Suite 100
Cary, NC 27511
(o3 54
June 2001,

EIS Ith Ian
E? Pik 4 1? r]
July 13, 2001
Mr. Larry Hobbs
NC Wetlands Restoration Program
1619 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1619
Re: Design Clarifications for Section 404 and 401 permits
Dear Larry,
I met with Jeff Jurek and Mac Haupt on July 12, 2001 to discuss issues raised by the NC
Division of Water Quality (DWQ) during the section 401 certification. Each of the issues
and responses are provided below.
Issue 1- According to DWQ, the buffer width between the top of the streambank and the
conservation easement boundary, must be greater than or equal to 15 feet. Current y,
there are 2 sites in SR2, and 3 sites in AR3 that are between 10 and 15 feet. d
To address this issue, we will stake the conservation easement, at the time the proposed
channel is laid out, in areas where the design channel is close to the easement boundary.
Most of the conflicts are located along the outside of meander bends where we were
trying to maximize the belt width, increase sinuosity, and decrease channel slope. We
will adjust the pool bankfull width in the field to ensure that all buffer widths are greater
than ore ual 5 feet. The pool bankfull width will only decrease to the riffle bankfull
width, not lower. To ensure that these areas will not erode, given the narrow buffer and
pool width, we will install extra root wads in the apex of the meander bend and increase
the pool depth for greater energy dissipation. 0 XL
Issue 2 - In Chapter 9.5 of the restoration plan, two (2) plots are proposed to assess the
survivability of the riparian vegetation. This number will be incr 0
Issue 3 - A question was raised about the validity of the critical shear stress equation,
given that Smith and Austin are "sand bed" channels. While the D50 for Smith and
Austin Creeks is less than 1 mm, thus making it sand and therefore denoted by a "5" in
the Rosgen stream classification system, the D84 is gravel. In fact, the
pavement/subpavement samples were collected from riffles composed of gravel. This
stream is somewhere between a sand bed channel and a gravel bed channel. However,
1152 Executive Circle, Suite 100 • Cary, North Carolina 27511
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since the D84 is gravel and the critical shear stress and critical depth equations use the
D84, the equation is valid. Furthermore, some of the reaches could coarsen to the point
that the D50 is gravel, once the stream is restored and bank erosion rates reduced;
however, this will also depend on upstream sources of sediment. 0 L?
Issue 4 - The valley slope (VS) for Sals Branch, the reference reach, was not provided
because it was not in the data set provided. However, the sinuosity (K) for Sals is 1.3 and
the channel slope (CS) is 0.011. Since K = VS/CS, then VS = CS X K. Therefore, the
valley slope for Sals Branch is 0.011 X 1.3 = 0.014. The valley slope for Smith and
Austin is 0.004, which is flatter than Sals. The Smith and Austin valley is also wider and
more developed as an alluvial valley. This is correlated with the larger drainage area. So,
while the valleys do not have the same slope, they are both alluvial valleys that would
naturally have "E" type streams. Again, we are designing a "C" channel simply to be
more conservative. Over time, it should narrow and become an "E" channel. 0 U
Issue 5 - The maximum bankfull depth, entrenchment ratios and floodprone area widths
were not thought to be shown in the report. The maximum bankfull depths are shown on
the typical cross sections in Appendix 2, Design Parameters. The widths of the
floodprone area a entrenc nt ratios arc-shzwn for each
Cross Section in App ixign Parameters. p
versus Design
Issue 6 - The details for the existing channel plugs, instream structures, the existing
versus design profile, and the erosion and sediment control plan are shown on the design
drawings, which are included with this letter. 9
If you have any other questions, don't hesitate to ask.
Sincerely,
William A. Harman
Principal Hydrologist
Cc Jeff Jurek
Jim Buck
Greg Jennings
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Smith and Austin Creeks
Stream Mitigation Plan & Design
Wake Forest, North Carolina
Prepared For:
NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources,
Wetlands Restoration Program
May 2001
10
Design Report Prepared By Buck Engineering PC
VI& 1J• -
William A. Harm
Project Manager

&evl?'?
.lames A. Buck, PE
Principal Engineer
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan i
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Buck Engineering
Executive Summary
The North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (WRP) proposes to restore over
11,200 ft of Smith and Austin Creeks in Wake Forest, North Carolina, for the purpose of
obtaining stream mitigation credit. The project reaches are tributaries to the Neuse River.
The existing stream channels have low sinuosity and varying levels of incision due to
historic channelization. The proposed stream restoration design is based on natural
channel design principals and considers differences in drainage area, adjacent land uses,
upstream impoundments, and future development potential. The design addresses the
channel dimension, pattern, and profile based on reference reach parameters and
hydraulic geometry relationships. When considering design alternatives, every effort was
made to create a stable meandering channel with bankfull stage located at the existing
floodplain elevation. Where valley or development restrictions do not allow for new
channel pattern to be established, the existing incised channels will be enhanced by
excavating new floodplain benches at the bankfull stage and installing structures to
improve bed features and control channel grade.
The downstream reach of Smith Creek below its confluence with Austin Creek is
moderately stable with mature riparian vegetation along most of its length; therefore a
stabilization approach is proposed. The project will include creation of approximately
700 ft of additional channel length. A summary of existing and design reach lengths with
proposed restoration design approaches is provided in the table below.

Reach Existing
Length (ft) Restored
Length (ft)
Restoration Approach
SRI 1,928 2,042 Change dimension, pattern, and profile.
Priority 2 restoration of incised channel.
SR2 2,317 2,546 Change dimension, pattern, and profile.
SR3 735 735 Stabilize eroding streambanks.
AR1 2,831 2,831 Change dimension and profile. Priority 3
restoration of incised channel.
AR2 392 392 Change dimension and profile. Priority 3
restoration of incised channel.
AR3 2,323 2,682 Change dimension, pattern, and profile.
Total 10,526 11,228
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan ii Buck Engineering
Table of Contents
1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1 Project Description ........................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Project Objectives ............................................................................................ 1-2
1.3 Watershed Characterization ............................................................................. 1-2
2 Existing Condition Survey ....................................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Summary Information for Existing Project Reaches ....................................... 2-1
2.2 Reach SRI ........................................................................................................ 2-1
2.3 Reach SR2 ........................................................................................................ 2-3
2.4 Reach SR3 ........................................................................................................ 2-3
2.5 Reach AR1 ....................................................................................................... 2-4
2.6 Reach AR2 ....................................................................................................... 2-4
2.7 Reach AR3 ....................................................................................................... 2-5
3 Bankfull Stage Verification ..................................................................................... 3-1
4 Reference Reach Analyses ....................................................................................... 4-1
5 Natural Channel Design ........................................................................................... 5-1
5.1 Design Summary .............................................................................................. 5-1
5.2 Considerations for Future Development .......................................................... 5-1
5.3 Reach SRI ........................................................................................................ 5-2
5.4 Reach SR2 ........................................................................................................ 5-2
5.5 Reach SR3 ........................................................................................................ 5-2
5.6 Reach ARl ....................................................................................................... 5-2
5.7 Reach AR2 ....................................................................................................... 5-3
5.8 Reach AR3 ....................................................................................................... 5-3
5.9 Planting Design ................................................................................................ 5-3
6 Sediment Transport Analysis ................................................................................... 6-4
7 Flooding Analyses ................................................................................................... 7-1
8 Monitoring and Evaluation ...................................................................................... 8-1
8.1 Cross-sections .................................................................................................. 8-1
8.2 Longitudinal Profiles ....................................................................................... 8-1
8.3 Bank Erosion Estimates ................................................................................... 8-1
8.4 Photo Reference Sites ..................................................................................... . 8-2
8.5 Survival Plots .................................................................................................. . 8-3
8.6 Benthic Macroinvertebrate Monitoring .......................................................... . 8-3
9 References ............................................................................................................... .9-1
Appendix 1 Existing Condition Data
Appendix 2 Design Parameters
Appendix 3 Structure Drawings
Appendix 4 Photograph Log
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan iii Buck Engineering
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 Project Location Map ......................................................
Figure 1.2 Watershed Map ............................................................
Figure 1.3 Project Reach Map .........................................................
Figure 2.1 Previous Location of Austin Creek ......................................
Figure 2.2 Smith and Austin Creeks Existing Condition Plan View .............
Figure 2.3 SR1 Existing Condition ...................................................
Figure 2.4 SR2, AR2, and AR3 Existing Condition ...............................
Figure 2.5 AR1 Existing Condition ...................................................
Figure 2.6 SR3 Existing Condition ....................................................
1-4
1-5
1-6
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9
2-10
2-11
Figure 3.1 Bankfull Stage Verification for Smith and Austin Creeks ............. 3-1
Figure 5.1 Restoration Design Plan .................................................... 5-4
Figure 6.1 Substrate Analysis for Smith Creek ........................................ 6-5
Figure 6.2 Substrate Analysis for Austin Creek ....................................... 6-5
Figure 6.3 Shield's Curve ................................................................ 6-7
List of Tables
Table 1.1 Project Reaches with Existing Lengths and Drainage Areas .......... 1-1
Table 2.1 Existing Condition Parameters for Smith and Austin Creeks .......... 2-2
Table 6.1 Critical and Boundary Shear Stress Calculations for Smith Creek .... 6-6
Table 6.2 Critical and Boundary Shear Stress Calculations for Austin Creek .... 6-6
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan iv Buck Engineering
I Introduction
1.1 Project Description
The NC Wetlands Restoration Program (WRP) proposes to restore over 11,200 ft of
Smith and Austin Creeks for the purpose of obtaining stream mitigation credit. The
project streams are located near the town of Wake Forest in Wake County, North
Carolina (Figure 1.1). These streams are tributaries to the Neuse River (USGS HU #
03020201). The overall drainage area for the project watershed is 12.5 square miles.
The project is divided into six reaches based on stream classification, reach drainage area,
construction sequence, and confluence with tributaries (Figures 1.2 and 1.3). The project
reach lengths and their respective drainage areas are listed in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Project Reaches with Existing Lengths and Drainage Areas.

Reach Name and Location Existing Length Drainage Area
(ft) (mil)
SRI - Smith Creek from Property Boundary 1,928 3.3
to Ford Crossing
SR2 - Smith Creek from Ford Crossing to 2,317 3.6
Confluence with Austin Creek
SR3 - Smith Creek from Confluence to 735 12.5
Forestville Road
ARl - Austin Creek from Property 2,831 8.4
Boundary to Box Culverts
AR2 - Austin Creek from Box Culverts to 392 8.5
Bedrock Knickpoint
AR3 - Austin Creek from Bedrock 2,323 8.8
Knickpoint to Confluence with Smith Creek
Total 10,526
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 1-1 Buck Engineering
1.2 Project Objectives
The objectives of the Smith and Austin Creeks stream restoration project are to:
1. Restore unstable stream channels to natural stable forms by modifying dimension,
pattern, and profile based on reference reach parameters;
2. Improve floodplain functionality by matching bankfull stage with floodplain
elevation;
3. Establish native floodplain vegetation through a forested riparian buffer;
4. Improve the natural aesthetics of the stream corridor; and
5. Obtain mitigation credits for other unavoidable impacts to streams within the
same Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC).
1.3 Watershed Characterization
The project site is located in the eastern portion of the Piedmont Physiographic Region.
The topography is characterized by gently rolling hills with a dendritic drainage pattern
and wide alluvial valleys. Elevations range from approximately 190 feet to 470 feet with
a relative relief of 280 feet. The underlying geology consists of foliated granitic rocks.
The site is on the edge of the Raleigh Geologic Belt, which is characterized as gneiss,
schist, and amphibole. The granites were formed during the Middle Paleozoic to Late
Paleozoic periods.
Soils in the upper watershed are predominantly from the Cecil unit. These consist of
sandy loams with variable slopes. In upland areas, the surface soils are grayish-brown to
yellowish brown to a depth of 6-10 inches. The subsoil is red, firm clay extending 30-40
inches.
In the restoration project area, the soils are primarily Chewacla and Louisburg units.
Chewacla soils are typically located in areas with a seasonally high water table and are
formed in alluvial deposits of fine loamy material. The surface layer is brown to dark
grayish-brown sandy loam 4 to 12 inches thick. Beneath this layer, soil ranges from
brown to grayish brown and extends to 72 inches thick. The Louisburg series consist of
sloping excessively drained soils of the Piedmont uplands. These soils have formed under
forest in material that has weathered from rocks. The surface layer is grayish-brown to
yellowish-brown 4-6 inches thick. The subsurface layer is yellowish-brown and extends
from 4-24 inches thick.
Land use in the watershed is changing from primarily forested/agricultural to residential
as several new developments are under construction or planned. The Northeast Wake
County Land Use Plan (Wake County Planning Department, 2000) provides a detailed
assessment of current and planned development of parks, businesses and residences. The
Land Use Plan is available at:
http://web.co.wak-e.nc.us/planning/LandUse/Land Use Plan/Text/newalup.pdf
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 1-2 Buck Engineering
Located within the project drainage area are several existing and planned residential
developments, park/recreation facilities, greenways, commercial sites, three natural
heritage sites, an existing school, and a segment of the proposed Highway 98 By-Pass.
The project drainage area is part of both the Rolesville and Wake Forest Urban Service
Areas, with future development consisting of cluster and other subdivisions up to two or
three dwellings per acre when municipal water and sewer become available. The land use
plan map is available at:
http:llweb.co.wake.nc.us/planningllanduse/Land%20Use%20PIanlmapsINe WALUPlucm
qpO lb.pdf
There is one large impoundment, the Wake Forest Reservoir, located on Austin Creek
and one small reservoir on Smith Creek. In addition, there are numerous small farm
ponds spread throughout the watershed. Field investigations and data analyses indicate
that these impoundments are affecting the watershed's hydrologic response to
urbanization by reducing bankfull peak discharges. This is evident in the relatively small
measured bankfull cross-section areas discussed later in this report.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 1-3 Buck Engineering
N- -
.. .........
G -- /
lb/
ores Probe t Loca
Wetlands Restoration Program
Z
Figure 1.1
Project Location Map
Smith and Austin Creek
Stream Restoration
3000 0 3000 6000 Feet
FM Em6??
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?' Smdh Creek `••e
SRI --- /___., - -
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DA=8.8 Sq mi I --
Wetlands Restoration Program
Source: DeLorme 3-D TopoQuads Figure 1.2
Watershed Map
Smith and Austin Creek
r - - Stream Restoration
ake County
= 3000 0 3000 6000 Feet
Smith Creek
DA=33 zq mi
299
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w-
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Austin Creek

ARI
AR2
DAUB
DA=8.5 sq mi/
,?j r'1',t fir IF
Wetlands Restoration Program
Figure 1.3
Project Reach Map
Smith and Austin Creek
Stream Restoration
2000 0 2000 4000 Feet
channel at the edge of the valley (Figure 2.1). Overall, Reach AR2 is moderately stable
but lacks bedform diversity and channel pattern.
The existing vegetation community of left bank/floodplain of this reach is similar to the
left bank/floodplain of Reach ARL The right bank floodplain has been cleared by
construction activities. The remaining vegetation includes soft rush, cocklebur, panic
grass, dog-fennel, and black willow saplings.
2.7 Reach AR3
Reach AR3 extends 2,323 ft along Austin Creek from the bedrock knickpoint at
longitudinal station 33+73 to the confluence of Austin and Smith Creeks at station 56+96
(Figures 2.2 and 2.4). The Rosgen stream classification is C5 with a bank height ratio of
approximately 1.0. Reach AR3 is moderately stable but lacks bedform diversity and
channel pattern.
The existing vegetation community is dominated by soft rush, cocklebur, panic grass, and
dog-fennel. The left bank becomes terraced again for the last approximately 200 feet and
is vegetated with a woody buffer similar to the left bank described in Reaches ARl and
AR2.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 2-5 Buck Engineering
i•

it •
5 Natural Channel Design
5.1 Design Summary
The stream restoration design for Smith and Austin Creeks is based on natural channel
design principals. The design takes into account differences in drainage area, adjacent
land uses, upstream impoundments, and future development potential. Overall, the
natural channel design addresses the dimension, pattern, and profile for both Smith and
Austin Creeks (Figure 5.1). The design approach for each of the six project reaches is
described in Sections 5.2 through 5.7. The design parameters and cross-sections (existing
and design) are provided in Appendix 2. Typical drawings of instream structures are
shown in Appendix 3.
5.2 Considerations for Future Development
Land use in the watershed is changing from primarily forested/agricultural to residential
as several new developments are under construction or planned. The Northeast Wake
County Land Use Plan (Wake County Planning Department, 2000) provides a detailed
assessment of current and planned development of parks, businesses and residences
(Section 1.3). The project drainage area is part of both the Rolesville and Wake Forest
Urban Service Areas, with future development consisting of cluster and other
subdivisions up to two or three dwellings per acre when municipal water and sewer
become available.
Several research studies have shown that for urbanizing watersheds, bankfull cross-
section area increases with increasing impervious cover (Doll et al., 2000; Dunne and
Leopold, 1978; Leopold et al., 1992; Leopold, 1994). An important component to this
analysis is the degree of incision. Incised channels carry more water and thus are more
prone to enlarging. There is evidence to support, however, that non-channelized urban
streams with bank height ratios near 1.0 have bankfull cross-section areas closer to those
in rural streams.
Currently, the bankf ill cross-section areas of both Smith and Austin Creeks correlate
closely with the rural Piedmont regional curve (Figure 3.1). If the urban Piedmont curve
were used to design the new channel dimension, bankfull cross-section area would have
to be increased by 300%. The urban Piedmont curve represents streams that have much
higher impervious coverage than the projected increases for Smith and Austin Creeks. In
addition, the design proposed for both Smith and Austin maximizes the width of the
floodplain, thus keeping flood flows on the floodplain rather than in the channel.
Therefore, the final design includes a moderate increase (20%) in the bankfull cross-
section area to account for upstream urbanization and design uncertainty without creating
an overly large channel.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 5-1 Buck Engineering
5.3 Reach SR1
The proposed natural channel design for Reach SRI of Smith Creek is based on a Priority
2 restoration approach. A new floodplain will be created at a lower elevation by
excavating a stable bankfull bench of varying width. The resulting bank height ratio will
be 1.0. The upstream section from station 0+00 to 7+76 will be converted from a G5c
channel to an E5 channel in its existing location. Bedform will be improved through the
use of instream structures. The downstream section from station 7+76 to 19+28 is
currently an eroding incised E5 channel. In addition to changes in dimension and profile,
the meander geometry will be improved through this section to provide a more stable
plan form. Root wads will be used to stabilize the streambanks, improve bedform
diversity, and improve aquatic habitats. Instream structures will be used to provide grade
control, protect streambanks, and enhance bedform.
5.4 Reach SR2
The proposed natural channel design for Reach SR2 of Smith Creek is based on a Priority
1 restoration approach. The existing straight channel will be replaced by a new
meandering channel with bankfull stage at the existing floodplain elevation. A stable
meandering channel will be cut in the existing well-vegetated floodplain. Woody
transplants and sod mats will be used to stabilize the streambanks along the new channel.
Instream structures such as root wads and rock vanes will be used to stabilized the
streambanks and improve bedform diversity.
5.5 Reach SR3
Reach SR3 of Smith Creek downstream of the confluence of Smith and Austin Creeks is
moderately stable and has a well-vegetated riparian buffer. No changes in dimension,
pattern, or profile are proposed for this reach. However, there are short eroding sections
which will be stabilized with root wads.
5.6 Reach AR1
The proposed natural channel design for Reach ARI of Austin Creek is based on a
Priority 3 restoration approach. Stream restoration will be confined to within the 50-ft
conservation easement on both sides of the existing stream channel. Since the left
streambank is moderately stable with mature vegetation providing shade to the stream, a
bankfull bench will not be constructed on the left bank except for several short sections
devoid of woody vegetation. On the right streambank, a 45-ft wide bankfull bench will be
excavated along the right streambank and vegetated. The streambank, bankfull bench and
terrace scarp will be seeded with millet and covered with C 125 BN erosion control
matting. Permanent seeding will take place during the winter.
Instream structures, including root wads, log vanes, and rock vanes will be used to repair
eroding streambanks and improve the channel profile (bedforms). Cross vanes will be
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 5-2 Buck Engineering
installed upstream and downstream of the golf cart bridge to prevent near bank scour at
the bridge. Cross vanes will also be constructed upstream of the box culverts to decrease
the width of the low flow channel.
5.7 Reach AR2
The proposed natural channel design for Reach AR2 of Austin Creek is based on a
Priority 3 restoration approach similar to Reach AR1. The section immediately
downstream of the New Forestville Road box culverts is overly wide. In addition, the box
culverts are angled such that stream velocity vectors are pointed at the right streambank.
A rock vane will be used to redirect the velocity vectors away from the streambank. A
rock cross vane will be constructed downstream of the rock vane to prevent further
widening of the channel. A rock cross vane and root wads will be used to build a plunge
pool on the downstream side of the culvert at the gravel road crossing near station 31+00.
The Town of Wake Forest has requested that the culvert crossing remain after restoration.
Additional instream structures will be installed to improve the channel profile by
improving bedform diversity. A 95-ft bankfull bench will be installed along the right
streambank.
5.8 Reach AR3
The proposed natural channel design for Reach AR3 of Austin Creek is based on a
Priority 1 restoration approach. The existing straight channel will be replaced by a new
meandering channel with bankfull stage at the existing floodplain elevation. A stable
meandering channel will be cut in the existing well-vegetated floodplain. Woody
transplants and sod mats will be used to stabilize the streambanks along the new channel.
Instream structures such as root wads and rock vanes will be used to stabilized the
streambanks and improve bedform diversity.
5.9 Planting Design
The planting design is being provided by Soil and Environmental Consultants, Inc. of
Raleigh, North Carolina and is not a part of this report. A copy of the report can be
obtained from the NC Wetlands Restoration Program.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 5-3 Buck Engineering

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6 Sediment Transport Analysis
A stable stream has the capacity to move its sediment load without aggrading or
degrading over time. The total load of sediment can be divided into bedload and
suspended load. Suspended load is normally composed of fine sand, silt and clay particles
transported in the water column. Bedload is transported by rolling, sliding, or hopping
(saltating) along the bed.
The movement of sediment particles depends on the energy of the stream and their
physical properties. Grain size has a direct influence on the mobility of a given particle.
Critical dimensionless shear stress (i*ci) is a measure of the force required to move a
given size particle resting on the channel bed. It can be calculated for a gravel-bed stream
using a surface and subsurface particle sample from a representative riffle in the reach.
-0.872
i C; = 0.0834 d [Equation 6.1 ]
dso
Where, i*Ci = critical dimensionless shear stress
d; = median particle size of riffle bed surface (mm)
dso = median particle size of subsurface sample (mm)
Critical dimensionless shear stress can then be used in the following equation to predict
the minimum water depth required to move the d84 of the pavement sample. The water
depth is calculated by:
Dcr = 1.65z *,r d84SUb [Equation 6.2]
S
Where, Dcr = water depth (ft)
= critical dimensionless shear stress
d84s„ b = d84 of subpavement sample (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
Critical dimensionless shear stress was calculated separately for Smith and Austin Creeks
using a pavement/subpavement sample. Representative riffles were selected in each
stream and sampled using the following techniques.
1. A bottomless bucket was placed on the riffle and slightly submerged to block
flowing water.
2. The surface layer of the bed was sampled by removing the smallest to largest
particle on the bed surface. All surface samples were collected.
3. A subsurface sample was collected to a depth of 1 to 2 times the mean diameter of
the largest particle sampled from the surface sample.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 6-4 Buck Engineering
4. The two samples were sieved and the percent cumulative distribution was plotted
on a log-normal scale. The pavement subpavement distributions for Smith and
Austin Creeks are shown in Figures 6.1 and 6.2, respectively.
Smith Creek
Pavement and Subpavement Analysis
100
80
0
60
m
E 40
U 20
0 4-
0.01
0.10 1.00 10.00
Particle Size (mm)
-*-Pavement -e~ Subpavement
100.00
Figure 6.1 Substrate Analysis for Smith Creek.
Austin Creek
Pavement and Subpavement Analysis
100
80
0
60
c?
40
U 20
0 ?-
0.01
0.10 1.00 10.00
Particle Size (mm)
- ?- Pavement -0- Subpavement
100.00
Figure 6.2 Substrate Analysis for Austin Creek.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 6-5 Buck Engineering
To find the depth of water necessary to move the d84 of the pavement sample or the
largest particle on the bar, Equation 6.2 was used. The results for Smith and Austin
Creeks are shown in Tables 6.1 and 6.2, respectively. Based on this analysis, the design
channel is competent to move large particles and should not agrade.
Table 6.1 Critical and Boundary Shear Stress Calculations for Smith Creek.
Shear Stress Analysis Existing Design
ankfull Xsec Area, Abkf (sq ft) 43 60
ankfull Width, Wbkf (ft) 18 28
ankfull Mean Depth, Dbkf (ft) 2.4 2.1
Wetted Perimeter, WP=W+2D (ft) 22.8 32.3
Hydraulic Radius, R (ft) 1.9 1.9
Schan (ft/ft) 0.0039 0.0038
Boundary Shear Stress, i (lb/sq ft) 0.46 0.44
d84 (mm) 22 22
50 rif bed (mm) 5
50 (mm) 1.7 1.7
- -- ------------------
ci 0.0300 0.0300
d bar large (mm) 12 12
d bar large (ft) 0.04 0.04
crit (ft) 0.5 0.5
Table 6.2 Critical and Boundary Shear Stress Calculations for Austin Creek.
Shear Stress Analysis Existing Design
ankfull Xsec Area, Abkf (sq ft) 70 110
ankfull Width, Wbkf (ft) 30 38
ankfull Mean Depth, Dbkf (ft) 2.3 2.9
Wetted Perimeter, WP=W+2D (ft) 34.7 43.8
Hydraulic Radius, R (ft) 2.0 2.5
Schan (ft/ft) 0.0034 0.0033
Boundary Shear Stress, ,r (lb/sq ft) 0.43 0.52
d84 (mm) 14
d50 rif bed (mm) 1.8 1.8
d50 (mm) 1 1
ci 0.0500 0.0500
d bar large (mm) 12 12
d bar large (ft) 0.04 0.04
Dcrit (ft) 1.0 1.0
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 6-6 Buck Engineering
As a check, boundary shear stresses were calculated for design cross-sections and
compared with Shields Curve. The shear stress placed on the sediment particles is the
force that entrains and moves the particles, given by:
T = yRs
[Equation 6.3]
Where, ti = shear stress (lb/ft2)
y = specific gravity of water (62.4 lb/ft)
R = hydraulic radius (ft)
s = average channel slope (ft/ft)
Boundary shear stresses were calculated for the design cross-sections using Equation 6.3.
From Shields diagram (Figure 6.3), these shear stresses values would be able to move
particle sizes from 20 to 30 mm for Smith and Austin Creeks, respectively. These
numbers are significantly higher than the largest particles sampled, which were 12 mm.
Therefore, grade control structures will be required to ensure that the bed does not
degrade. Bedrock knickpoints, cross vanes, and existing culverts will be used to provide
grade control.
100
10
E
E
d
Y
d
E
AR
0
c
M
0 1
0.01 0.1 1 10
Critical Shear Stress (lbs/sgft)
0.1 4-
0.001
Figure 6.3 Shield's Curve for Grain Diameter of Transported Particle in Relation
to Critical Shear Stress.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 6-7 Buck Engineering
7 Flooding Analyses
Once the final design is approved, a hydraulic model analyses will be conducted to assure
that there will be no increase in flooding as a result of the proposed design. HEC-RAS
simulations will be run to determine the existing 100-year flood stage. Design cross-
sections will then be input into HEC-RAS to determine if any increase in flood stage will
result from the proposed design. If flood stage will be increased, the proposed stream
design will be altered such that the 100-year flood stage will not be increased. HEC-RAS
model simulations will be conducted upon approval of the restoration design by the
permitting agencies.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 7-1 Buck Engineering
8 Monitoring and Evaluation
Environmental components monitored in this project will be those that allow an
evaluation of channel stability and riparian survivability. Specifically, the success of
channel modification, erosion control, seeding, and woody vegetation plantings will be
evaluated. This will be accomplished through the following activities for 5 years after the
project is built.
8.1 Cross-sections
Permanent cross-sections will be established at a minimum of one riffle and one pool per
reach, for a total of 12. These cross-sections may be the same as ones taken to develop
construction plans or they may be new. Each cross-section will be marked on both banks
with permanent pins to establish the exact transect used. A common benchmark will be
used for cross-sections and consistently used to facilitate easy comparison of year-to-year
data. The annual cross-section survey will include points measured at all breaks in slope,
including top of bank, bankfull, inner berm, edge of water, and thalweg. Riffle cross-
sections will be classified using the Rosgen stream classification system.
Success Criteria: There should be little or no change in as-built cross-sections. If changes
do take place they should be evaluated to determine if they represent a movement toward
a more unstable condition (down-cutting, erosion) or are minor changes that represent an
increase in stability (settling, vegetative changes, deposition along the banks, decrease in
width/depth ratio).
8.2 Longitudinal Profiles
A complete longitudinal profile will be completed once the first year and then every two
years for a total of five years (for a total of 3 times). Measurements will include thalweg,
water surface, inner berm, bankfull, and top of low bank. Each of these measurements
will be taken at the head of each feature, e.g. riffle, run, pool, and glide, and the max pool
depth. The survey will be tied to a permanent benchmark.
Success Criteria: The as-built longitudinal profiles should show that the bedform features
are remaining stable, e.g. they are not aggrading or degrading. The pools should remain
deep with flat water surface slopes and the riffles should remain steeper and shallower.
8.3 Bank Erosion Estimates
Permanent bank erosion pins and bank profiles will be made at each permanent cross-
section. A bank toe pin will be installed close to the observed bank. The bank profile toe
pin will be tied to a station in the longitudinal profile. Measurements will be made once
per year at the same time the cross-section is measured. A bank erodibility hazard index
(BEHI) score will also be made. An estimate of near-bank shear stress will be made by
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan $-1 Buck Engineering
measuring the water surface slope along the observed bank length, as well as for the
entire feature length, following the thalweg.
Success Criteria: The BEHI score should be low by the second year of restoration. Bank
erosion measurements should be less than 0.1 ft/year.
8.4 Photo Reference Sites
Photographs used to evaluate restored sites will be made with a 35-mm camera using
slide film or a digital camera. Reference sites will be photographed before construction
and continued for at least 5 years following construction. Reference photos will be taken
once a year. After construction has taken place, reference sites will be marked with
wooden stakes.
Longitudinal reference photos: The stream will be photographed longitudinally beginning
at the downstream end of the mitigation site and moving upstream to the end of the site.
Photographs will be taken looking upstream at delineated locations. Reference photo
locations will be marked and described for future reference. Points will be close enough
together to get an overall view of the reach. The angle of the shot will depend on what
angle provides the best view and will be noted and continued in future shots. When
modifications of stream position have to be made due to obstructions or other reasons, the
position will be noted along with any landmarks and the same position used in the future.
Lateral reference photos: Reference photo transects will be taken at each permanent
cross-section. Photographs will be taken of both banks at each cross-section. The survey
tape will be centered in the photographs of the bank. The water line will be located in the
lower edge of the frame and as much of the bank as possible included in each photo.
Photographers should make an effort to consistently maintain the same area in each photo
over time. Photos of areas that have been treated differently should also be included; for
example two different types of erosion control material used. This will allow for future
comparisons.
Success Criteria: Photographs will be used to subjectively evaluate channel aggradation
or degradation, bank erosion, success of riparian vegetation and effectiveness of erosion
control measures. Longitudinal photos should indicate the absences of developing bars
within the channel or an excessive increase in channel depth. Lateral photos should not
indicate excessive erosion or continuing degradation of the bank over time. A series of
photos over time should indicate successional maturation of riparian vegetation.
Vegetative succession should include initial herbaceous growth, followed by increasing
densities of woody vegetation and then ultimately a mature overstory with herbaceous
understory.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan $-2 Buck Engineering
8.5 Survival Plots
Survival of planted vegetation will be evaluated using survival plots or counts. Survival
of live stakes will be evaluated using enough plots or a size plot, that allows evaluating at
least 100 live stakes. Evaluations of live stake survival will continue for at least 5 years.
When stakes do not survive a determination will be made as to the need for replacement;
in general if greater than 25% die replacement will be done.
All rooted vegetation will be flagged and evaluated for at least 5 years to determine
survival. At least 2 staked survival plots will be evaluated. Plots will be 25 ft by 100 ft
and all flagged stems will be counted in those plots. Success will be defined as 320 stems
per acre after 5 years. When rooted vegetation does not survive, a determination will be
made as to the need for replacement; in general, if greater than 25% die, replacement will
be done.
8.6 Benthic Macroinvertebrate Monitoring
Benthic macroinvertebrate monitoring will be conducted by the NC Division of Water
Quality.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan $-3 Buck Engineering
9 References
Clinton, D. R., G. D. Jennings, W. A. Harman, J. M. Patterson, L. O. Slate, and J.
Williams. 1999. North Carolina reference stream channel morphology
relationships. In: Olson, D. S., and J. P. Potyondy (Eds.). Wildland Hydrology,
Proc. AWRA Specialty Conf., Bozeman, MT. pp. 393-400.
Doll, Barbara A., Dani E. Wise-Frederick, Carolyn M. Buckner, Shawn D. Wilkerson,
William A. Harman and Rachel E. Smith. 2000. Hydraulic Geometry Relationships
for Urban Streams Throughout the Piedmont of North Carolina. Riparian Ecology
and Management in Multi-Land Use Watersheds. American Water Resources
Association Summer Symposium. Portland, Oregon. Dates: September 28-31,
2000. Pp: 299-304.
Dunne, T. and L. B. Leopold, 1978. Water in Environmental Planning. New York: W. H.
Freeman and Company.
Federal Interagency Stream Restoration Working Group (FISRWG). 1998. Stream
Corridor Restoration: Principles, Processes and Practices. National Technical
Information Service, Springfield, VA.
Harman, W.A., G.D. Jennings, J.M. Patterson, D.R. Clinton, L.O. Slate, A.G. Jessup, J.R.
Everhart, and R.E. Smith, 1999. Bankfull Hydraulic Geometry Relationships for
North Carolina Streams. Wildland Hydrology. AWRA Symposium Proceedings.
Edited by: D.S. Olsen and J.P. Potyondy. American Water Resources Association.
June 30-July 2, 1999. Bozeman, MT.
Harmel, R. D., C. T. Haan, and R. C. Dutnell. 1999. Evaluation of Rosgen's streambank
erosion potential assessment in Northeastern Oklahoma. Journal AWRA 35(1):113-
121.
Harrelson, C. C., C. L. Rawlins, and J. P. Potyondy. 1994. Stream Channel Reference
Sites: An Illustrated Guide to Field Technique. General Technical Report RM-245.
USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort
Collins, CO.
Jennings, G. D., and W. A. Harman. 2000. Stream corridor restoration experiences in
North Carolina. ASAE Paper 002012, ASAE Annual International Meeting,
Milwaukee, WI. Am. Soc. Agr. Eng., St. Joseph, MI.
Leopold, L. B., M. G. Wolman and J. P. Miller. 1992. Fluvial Processes in
Geomorphology. Dover Publications, Inc. New York, NY.
Leopold, L.B., 1994. A View of the River. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 9-1 Buck Engineering
North Carolina Division of Water Quality. 1997. Standard Operating Procedures
Biological Monitoring. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural
Resources, Raleigh, NC.
North Carolina Division of Water Quality. 2000. Benthic Macroinvertebrate Monitoring
Protocols for Compensatory Stream Restoration Projects. North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC.
Patterson, J. M., D. R. Clinton, W. A. Harman, G. D. Jennings, and L. O. Slate. 1999.
Development of streambank erodibility relationships for North Carolina stream. In:
Olson, D. S., and J. P. Potyondy (Eds.). Wildland Hydrology, Proc. AWRA
Specialty Conf., Bozeman, MT. pp. 117-123.
Rinaldi, M. and P.A. Johnson, 1997. Stream Meander Restoration. Journal of the
American Water Resources Association 33:855-866.
Rosgen, D. L. 1994. A classification of natural rivers. Catena 22:169-199.
Rosgen, D.L., 1996. Applied River Morphology. Wildland Hydrology Books, Pagosa
Springs, Colo.
Rosgen, D.L., 1998. The Reference Reach - a Blueprint for Natural Channel Design.
Draft Presented at ASCE Conference on River Restoration in Denver Colorado -
March, 1998. ASCE. Reston, VA.
Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley, 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities of
North Carolina. Third Approximation. NCDEHNR Natural Heritage Program,
Raleigh, NC.
Wilkerson, S.D., Karl G. Linden, James D. Bowen, Craig J. Allan. 1998. Development
and Analysis of Hydraulic Geometry Relationships for the Urban Piedmont of
North Carolina. University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Williams, G.P., 1986. River Meander and Channel Size. Journal of Hydrology 88:147-
164.
Wilson, M.P. 1983. Erosion of Banks Along Piedmont Urban Streams. Water Resources
Research Institute of the University of North Carolina.
Wolman, M.G., 1954. A Method of Sampling Course River-Bed Material. Transactions
of American Geophysical Union 35: 951-956.
Smith & Austin Stream Restoration Plan 9-2 Buck Engineering
Appendix 1 Existing Condition Data
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1.0
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0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0
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Typical Cross Section - Pool
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0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0
Distance (ft)
50.0
TYPICAL RIFFLE AND POOL CROSS SECTIONS FOR STREAM REACHES AR1, AR2, AND AR3
Typical Cross Section - Riffle
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Appendix 4 Photograph Log
Smith and Austin Creeks Photo Log

Photo 1 - Eroding bank along SRI

Photo 3 - Crossing between SRI and SR2
Looking upstream
Photo 5 - Confluence of Smith and Austin
During high flow (SR2 and AR3)
h ..1

Photo 2 - Over wide section of SR2
Photo 4 - Crossing b/w SRI and 2 during high flow
Looking downstream

i
Photo 6 - Smith Reach 2 (SR2) after flood

Photo 7 - Mid channel bar on Smith SR2
Photo 9 - Austin Creek upstream of project
Looking downstream
a•
HF l:-?

Photo 11 - Streambank erosion along AR1
Photo 8 - Smith SR3 from Forrestville Road
During high flow

Photo 10 Austin Creek (ARI) near beginning
of project. Looking downstream
Photo 12 - Upstream of golf cart crossing
ARl and golf course under construction
1

t
K.

;t
Photo 13 - Box culverts separating ARl and AR2 Photo 14 - AR2 downstream of box culvei
Photo 15 - Bedrock knickpoint between AJ
And AR3

?hoto 16 - Austin stream reach AR3 lookii
iownstream.
1%:
r4
F??f copy
Smith and Austin Creeks
(riparian Restoration Design
Wake County, North Carolina
Prepared for: North Carolina Wetland Restoration Program
Prepared By:
Soil & Environmental Consultants, P.A.
11010 Raven Ridge Rd. Raleigh, NC 27614
[phone] Fax: [phone]
Web Page: www.SandEC.com
June 2001

Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction......' .............................................................................1
2.0 Existing Conditions ......................................................................... .1
2.1 Soil Conditions ....................................................................2
2.2 Existing Riparian Conditions ................................ . ..................4
3.0 Planting Plan ................................................................................ ..4
3.1 Exotic Species .....................................................................7
3.2 Planting Sequence ................................................................8
3.3 General Site Preparation .........................................................8
3.4 Plant Protective Devices .........................................................9
3.5 Plant Materials ....................................................................9
3.6 Fertilization ....................................................................... 11
4.0 References .................................................................................... .13
Fi ur'es
Following Page
Soil Survey Map-Sheet 15 2
Soil Profile 3

1.0 Introduction
As part of the Smith and Austin Creeks Restoration Project, the Neuse Riparian Buffer
(15 A NCAC 2B .0233) located immediately adjacent to the proposed stream restoration
alignment will be restored or enhanced by re-establishing native riparian plant
communities and removing invasion plant species. The riparian restoration will occur
within an approximate 30 to 200-foot wide zone located from the edge of the proposed
bankfull channel to the project property boundary. As a result of the restoration efforts,
approximately 25.4 acres of riparian forest will be restored and/or enhanced. Portions of
the restored riparian buffer will exceed the 50-foot (distance perpendicular to the
proposed channel design) regulated Neuse River Riparian Buffer.
The Neuse River Riparian Buffer is comprised of two zones, Zone 1 is located from top
of the stream bank out perpendicular 30 feet and Zone 2 originates at the outer edge of
Zone 1 and continues for an additional 20 feet. Zone 1 and Zone 2 restoration and
enhancement acres will be calculated following the final approval of the stream channel
alignment. Based on the proposed stream alignment, a 50-foot wide buffer will not be
possible along the entire length of Smith and Austin Creeks. The buffer width limitations
include the width of the property, existing easements, and proposed land uses.
Conversely, other segments of the buffer will exceed the State regulated 50-foot riparian
zone. In addition to the riparian component, potential wetland restoration and creation
acreage will also be determined following additional detailed fieldwork, finalized grading
depths, and confirmation by the U.S. Corps of Engineers (USACE).
The primary goals, which are not listed in order of importance, of the riparian restoration
plan include the following:
1) Increase biodiversity by planting a variety of mast producing trees and shrubs to
improve and increase wildlife habitat.
2) Improve and enhance the ability of the riparian area to treat stormwater runoff
prior to it entering the stream channel (waters of the U.S.).
3) Reduce current erosion rates resulting from the denuded soil surfaces present
adjacent to the current stream channel.
4) Provide stream bank/floodplain stability and subsequently contribute to the
success of the stream restoration.
5) Provide thermal protection and stability of the aquatic habitat via riparian shade.
6) Improve the general aesthetics of the stream corridor.
7) Eliminate exotic species were prudent.
8) Integrate the riparian design with the surrounding land uses, in order to created a
more cohesive biological environment.
9) Provide environmental education opportunities.
2.0 Existing Conditions
The landscape characteristics of the project site is typical of the Piedmont Physiographic
Region of eastern North Carolina. The site is surrounded by hilly terrain bisected by
numerous alluvial stream valleys. Based on the field reconnaissance the landscape is
fairly susceptible to heavy erosion when disturbed due to the diverse topography, soil
types, and man induced landscape dissection.
Land use within the site appears to include historic modification of the stream channels,
floodplain, and wetlands to maximize the potential for agricultural production. Man
induced alterations included the dredging, channelization, and re-alignment of both Smith
and Austin Creeks, and the filling, draining (tile drains) and tillage of the historic wetland
areas located within the floodplain. The property was a large working farm, on which a
variety of agricultural products were cultivated within and immediately adjacent to the
project boundaries. Approximately one year ago the area located north of Austin Creek
and south of Smith Creek was being utilized for corn production. Currently, the area
located between and surrounding Smith and Austin Creeks is being converted to other
uses. These uses include a soccer park for the Town of Wake Forest, a portion of the
Heritage Golf Course, utility, greenway and transportation corridors and residential
development. As a result of the eminent land use changes, impervious cover and
subsequently, stormwater runoff will increase.
2.1 Soils Conditions
The site is within the floodplain of Smith and Austin Creeks in the Rolesville Granite
area of northern Wake County. The soils on site are alluvial deposits of sediments eroded
from the local watershed. The material in the watershed, which is derived from
weathered rock, is primarily small-particle material such as coarse sand and fine gravel.
Material eroded from the soils in the area is finer; fine sands, silts and clay. This material
has been laid down in various depositional environments; coarser material in fast-water
conditions (levee) and finer material in slow-water conditions (toe-slope, ox-bow areas).
This has resulted in sediments several feet deep with very little coarse bed-load (cobble
size and larger). Particle size ranges from fine gravel to clay within the sediments. Soil
textures are typically loamy sands to sandy loams in the levee positions and loam, sandy
clay loam, and clay loam in the older portions of the flood plain. In places, over-bank
flooding has scoured the areas adjacent to the channel and the surface is sandy and
gravelly material over the finer, older sediment. Evidence of soil formation (surface
horizonation, clay accumulation in the upper subsoil, etc.) exists within the sediment of
the older, more stable portions of the floodplain.
The soil conditions do not vary widely in their horizontal extent and therefore do not
warrant a detailed map. In some areas above the confluence of the two streams, over-
bank flooding has significantly altered the material (see general soils map). The soils are
mapped as Chewacla Soils, a fine-loamy, mixed, thermic, Aquic Fluventic Dystrochrept
in the 1970 Soil Survey of Wake County, NC (USDA - Soil Conservation Service).
Figure 1 is a copy of the Soil Survey-Sheet 15 depicting the mapped soil units relative to
the property boundaries. These soils are listed as somewhat poorly drained (depth to
seasonally high water table about 1.5 feet). The soils on site vary from slightly wetter to
somewhat drier than typical Chewacla soils. In places, where the better drained surface
has been removed by over-bank flooding, evidence of seasonal saturation exists within
12" from the surface (hydric soil conditions). Evidence of seasonal or near-permanent
2
Project Scale:
5693 1" =1320'
Project Date:
Mgr.: PAJ 6/14101
Souroe: Wake County
Soil Survey 1970
Figure 1- Soil Map-Sheet
15
Smith and Austiin Creek
Restoration
Wake Forest, Wake County, NC
Soil & Environmental Consultants, Inc.
11010 Raven Ridge Rd.- Raleigh, NC 27614
[phone] - [phone]
Web Page: www.SandEC.com
saturation exists at some depth in all borings observed on the site. There are basically
four conditions encountered vertically from the surface, relative to soil moisture;
1) well drained surface - no indicators of aquic conditions,
2) sporadic redox concentrations (Fe-Mn oxides) and redox depletions (low-
chroma mottles),
3) reduced matrix color (low-chroma in >50% of the soil material) and,
4) gleyed color throughout the soil material.
This indicates that the surface layers are generally not saturated for any significant
period, the mottled layer is variably saturated for brief periods, the gray-matrix layer is
seasonally saturated for significant periods, and the gleyed layer is saturated the majority
of the year (near permanently). This is important in the overall design and construction
of the site.
If construction of a bankfull bench results in grading to within 12" or less of the gray-
matrix layer then hydric soil conditions and, very likely, hydrologic conditions may
result, which could qualify those areas as jurisdictional under USACOE criteria. These
areas could then possibly be claimed as wetland creation. In those areas, which presently
have hydric soil material at the surface, wetland restoration or wetland enhancement is
possible. Water monitoring devices may be needed in certain areas to verify these
conditions. Figure 2 depicts the typical relationship of these soil layers.
The planting conditions, which result from the grading and construction of the site, will
vary depending on depths of cut and the type of material exposed. Some areas will
display wetland hydrology and the type of plant material installed will need to be selected
appropriately.
In most areas of the site the channel has entrenched to the level of near-permanent
saturation (areas where the channel is 4'-6' deep) and in others areas (northern part of
Smith Creek) some aggradation has occurred, and the channel is higher (2.5'-4' below
adjacent elevations on one side and P-1.5' below on the other).
Texturally, the material is appropriate as a planting medium throughout the profile. It is
not likely that any graded surface will expose very poor planting conditions unless
significant compaction occurs. There are some existing areas where the surface has been
compacted as a result of construction traffic. These areas will need to be tilled prior to
planting. Soil fertility tests will be conducted once the site has come to final grade in
order to identify any significant fertility issues. It is not anticipated that prohibitive
conditions will be encountered throughout the soil profile. The only area of concern is
the continuously saturated zone and it is not anticipated that this layer will be exposed for
planting.
Finally, it is noteworthy that some site disturbance has taken place along the existing
sewer lines and local spoil material has been spread adjacent to the lines. Also, there are
some small areas where local material has been added to the surface (possibly from past
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dredging). When the site is near final grade, any of these areas, which remain will be
evaluated individually for possible amendment.
2.2 Existing Riparian Conditions
Segments of the project site are sporadically forested; subsequently a contiguous riparian
corridor does not exist along either creek channel. The majority of the project site, which
includes the entire right bank of Austin Creek from the origin of the restoration to the
confluence of Smith and Austin Creeks (Segments AR 1-3), and the upper-most segment
of Smith Creek (SRI) starting approximately 500 feet south of the project origin to the
stream ford crossing, is not forested. The areas that are forested along the creeks are
spatial, often less then 50 feet wide (from edge of channel out perpendicular) and native
plant diversity is low. Exotic, invasive plant species are present and often dominate the
herb and shrub stratum.
Dominate tree species observed within the project boundaries included river birch (Betula
nigra), black cherry (Prunus serotina), loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), red maple (Acer
rubrum), ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) elm (Ulmus
Americana), sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), black walnut (Juglans nigra), honey
locust (Gleditsia triacanthos) red mulberry (Morus rubra), mockernut hickory (Carya
tomentosa), and black willow (Salix nigra). Species observed within the shrub and herb
layer included seedlings and saplings of the aforementioned tree species, blackberry
(Rubus spp.), microstegium (Microstegium vimineum), privet (Ligustrum sinese),
multiflora rose (Rosa multiora), giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea), pokeberry
(Phytolacca americana), Japanese honeysuckle, (Lonicera japonica), poison ivy
(Toxicodendron radicans), muscadine (Vitus rotundifolia), greenbrier (Smilax
rotundifolia), soft rush (Juncus effuses), Lizard tail (Saururus cernuus), elderberry
(Sambucus canadensis), fescue (Festuca spp.), Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense),
goldenrod (Solidago spp.), dog-fennel (Eupatorium capillifolium) aster (Aster spp.), and
mullein (Lychnis sp.).
The riparian area located along the left bank of reach SR 2, contains a large population of
black willow and river birch saplings, and soft rush specimens that should be integrated
into the planting plan as a source of transplants and live stakes for the riparian restoration.
Since the majority of this area will be re-graded and contoured to accommodate the
proposed stream restoration plan, this source of plants will more than likely be destroyed
if not utilized. It appears that this area was mechanically maintained on an annual basis
to control the riparian vegetation adjacent to the agriculture fields. As a result of the past
maintenance efforts, accessibility and plant health is moderately good. A system of
collection, temporary storage, staging, and installation will need to be developed in order
to promote and maximize the utilization of this on-site resource.
3.0 Planting Plan
It was determined that the riparian design should closely mimic naturally occurring
riparian plant communities as documented by the North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program publication Natural Communities of North Carolina (Schafale and Weakley
1990). Also, the riparian design would conform to the proposed stream alignment, final
4
grade, soil conditions and subsequent landscape position and relative ecotones. Three
individual landscape positions have been determined: Bankfull Bench, Toe Slope, and
Floodplain Terrace (historic active floodplain). The community type most appropriate in
each of these positions are: Piedmont Bottomland Hardwood Forest, Piedmont/Low
Mountain Alluvial Forest, and Piedmont Levee Forest, respectively. Because of the
relatively small acreage of the Toe Slope area it was integrated with the bankfull bench
planting unit.
The project site has been divided into 3 individual planting units. These planting units
were designed to accept existing site conditions (soils conditions, water table levels,
existing native plant populations, etc.), proposed grade alterations as required by the
stream restoration plan, proposed plant community types, and adjacent land uses. The
planting units include the Bankfull Bench Riparian Planting Unit, Floodplain Terrace
Riparian Planting Unit, and the Integrated Subdivision Landscape Planting Unit. Sheet 1
depicts the locations of these Planting Units. General construction details have been
developed for the Planting Units that include details for plant installation procedures,
spacing requirements, and typical profile depictions. See the construction documents for
these details and procedures.
Riparian Buffer Planting Regime
Bankfull Bench Flood lain Terrace

Betula nigra Quercus alba
Faxinus ennsylvanica Quercus pagoda
Ulmus americana Carya ovata
Salix ni a Carya tomentosa
Quercus 1 ata Dios yros vir iniana
Quercus alustris Ju lans ni a
Quercus michauxii Liriodendron tuli ifera
Platanus occidentalis Nyssa sylvatica
C a a uatica Quercus rubra
N ssa biflora F4gus andifolia
Po ulus hetero hylla Prunus serotina
Asimina triloba Asimina triloba
Cornus amomum Cercis canadensis
Alnus serrulata Cornus florida
C inus carolinana Vaccinium arboreum
Ce halanthus occidentalis Hamamelis virginiana
Vaccinium corymbosum Ilex o aca
Aesculus s lvatica Viburnum rufidulum
Amelanchier obovalis Magnolia grandifolia
Calycanthus floridus Xanthorhiza sim licissima
Viburnum nudum
5
Viburnum dentatum
Sambucus canadensis
Xanthorhiza sim licissima
*Availability of these individual species may be limited. Therefore, adjustments
to the species composition may be required. In addition, it will more than likely
take a minimum of 6 months for delivery, following the order date.
The proposed Bankfull Bench plant community consists primarily of wetland woody tree
and shrub species as well as some herbaceous emergent and aquatic species. Most of this
planting unit will be planted with bare-root (1-year old stock) seedlings and
supplemented with a woody and herbaceous seed mix. Containerized plants and on-site
transplants will be integrated throughout the site to enhance the initial esthetics, provide a
variation of age classes, and reduce costs. Trees and shrubs will be spaced on 8-foot
centers with a minimum goal of 600 trees per acre. Plants will need to be ordered with
the North Carolina Forest Service (NCFS) in July for the Fall/Winter planting period
2001/2002. Species not available will be order from other suppliers.
The proposed grade modifications will directly influence the plant species utilized in the
final planting plan. The proposed grading will promote variations in the soil conditions
including the duration of saturation, seasonal water table elevations, and fertility. An
assessment of the soil conditions immediately following the construction will be required
in order to identify these variations in the soil conditions and subsequently modify the
riparian design. For example wetter areas that exhibit ponded water or inundation may
only be planted with herbaceous emergents that can survive permanent saturation.
The Floodplain Terrace plant community consists primarily of mesic tree species and
shrubs. The majority of this plant unit is vegetated; therefore, the existing riparian buffer
will be enhanced through the removal of exotics and installation of additional trees.
Trees will primarily consists of 5 to 10 gallon stock.
The wetland woody and herbaceous seed mixes to be spread during the spring season will
be ordered in bulk and mixed on site to the project biologist specifications. Pre-mixed
seeds are expensive and once ordered cannot be adjusted to changing site conditions that
will result from the proposed grading activities. Purchasing the seed in bulk and custom
mixing it on site will eliminate waste and potential incompatibility with the resulting site
conditions.
Woody and Herbaceous Wetland Seed Mix
Carex crinita
Scirpus cyperinus
Eleocharis palustris
Juncus effuses
Saurrurus cernuus
Lobelia cardinalis
Ludwigia alternafolia
Panicum virgatum
6
Osmunda cinnamomea
Cephalanthus occidentalis
Ilex verticillata
Leersia oryzoides
Lindera benzoin
Polygonum arifolium
Sambucus canadensis
*Availability of these individual species may be limited. Therefore, adjustments to the species
composition may be required. In addition, it will more than likely take a minimum of 6 months for
delivery, following the order date.
The Integrated Subdivision Landscape Planting Unit consists of the area immediately
adjacent to an existing golf cart bridge and path, a 100-foot wide public road crossing,
and the entrance to the Wake Forest Soccer Park facility. This area is located on Austin
Creek (AR-2 and the southern-most end of AR-1). Because of the safety concerns
regarding the line of sight between these public facilities, this area has been design with
larger tree specimens and shrubs, spaced and positioned appropriately to reduce blind
spots. Figure 3 depicts the proposed layout and location of this Planting Unit. This
proposed design should promote clear visibility between these areas and should merge
the buffer restoration component with the subdivision landscape.
Please note that native yet aggressive volunteers such as red maple, sweetgum, and
loblolly pine have been excluded from the planting scheme. These species currently
exists on or adjacent to the site and will eventually establish themselves, therefore;
plantings will not be justified. Also as a general rule existing native riparian vegetation
will remain in place or transplanted if required. Existing mature riparian areas will be
subsidized with containerized plants to exceed the minimum 320 trees per acre
requirement.
The current riparian conditions vary greatly along the entire extent of the project. As is
fairly typical within piedmont alluvial floodplains and agricultural lands, exotic
vegetation is prominent within the project site. Although removal of these species is
desirable from an ecological biodiversity perspective, it is not necessarily plausible.
3.1 Exotic Species
An attempt will be made during the site preparation to remove all existing exotic species
within the project boundaries. Target species for removal include privet, multi-flora rose,
and Japanese honeysuckle. Invasive specimens identified in the field by a biologist will
either be pulled up manually, or cut and treated with a local herbicide. Selected segments
of the project site will be mowed. Mowing will provide accessibility and the reduction of
undesirable successional plant species that could potentially out compete and encumber
maturity of planted bare-root/containerized specimens. Existing desirable plant
specimens in good condition following the stream restoration will be protected and
remain in place or relocated to a more suitable location.
7
Microstegium, an aggressive exotic grass, will not be removed or treated with herbicides.
This is a very difficult invasive species to control and eradicate because it produces seed
in a single season and easily invades naturally (flood scour) and artificially (tilling,
clearing) disturbed habitats (Tu 2000). Seeds present in the soil may remain viable as
long as five years (Barden 1991). It is our opinion that chemical treatment would be
excessively expense, labor intensive, and would not guarantee eradication of the species,
especially since a healthy microstegium population exist directly upstream of the project
site. The only proposed method of control will be to mow as need for the installation of
the riparian plants. Mowing will be attempted if at all possible during the late summer
before seeds are produced, in order to reduce the possibility of accidental dispersion.
3.2 Planting Sequence
The planting plan will be installed in two phases as dictated by the prevailing seasons and
time of construction. Please not that the majority of the transplanting of existing material
will occur simultaneously with construction activates. During the late fall/early winter
seasons, bare-root specimens will be installed during and after construction activities
have been completed in the proposed graded areas (bankfull bench planting unit).
Containerized plants will be installed during and after construction in non-graded areas
(floodplain terrace planting unit). Live-stakes primarily consisting of willow will be
installed along bank areas as determined by the project biologist and stream restoration
designer. Native panicum spp. will be integrated into the winter rye (Secale cereale) seed
application as required by the standardized erosion control regulations.
The following spring season a woody and herbaceous seed mix will be applied and
supplemental (as needed) containerized plants, bare-root stock, and live stakes will be
installed. During the spring season, live stakes will be installed prior to bud break to
maximize survival rate. In generally, live-staked areas will be limited to the outside
"high stress" meander bends along the proposed stream alignment. Replacement and
infill plantings of containerized plants will also be accomplished concurrently and as
required during the early spring season.
3.3 General Site Preparation
As the stream restoration work is completed, the site will be prepared for the installation
of the riparian plant material. As determined by a biologist, selected areas along the
floodplain terrace planting unit will be mechanically cleared, and undesirable specimens
will be chemically treated or physically removed and transported to the local yard waste
facility. This tactic should reduce the potential of contaminating the site with seeds and
limit the risk of future propagation of undesirable species. Herbicides will be utilized in a
limited capacity and as determined by the field biologist. Herbicide use within wetland
areas will be limited and avoided if possible. An attempt will be made to remove as much
of the exotic plant as possible (including the root mass) to assure eradication of any
undesirable invasive plants. As determined during site preparation selected areas will be
cut and the stems will be treated with Rodeo or other specified herbicide. Microstegium
will not be removed but only mowed and possibly treated as required. As determined
during construction, compacted areas will be tilled following the completion of the
grading.
8
3.4 Plant Protective Devices
Containerized plants will be protected with tree guards that will be applied during
installation. Approximately 1/3 of the bare-root specimens planted will be protected with
a weed control fabric. None of the bare-root plants will be installed with tree guards.
Selected containerized plants will be installed with weed guards to compare survival rates
to unprotected individuals.
3.5 Plant Material
Balled and Burlap ()Koody Plants)
The size of the earthen ball shall be at least as large as specified in the American
Standard for Nursery Stock (1980). Where plants are to be planted in soils that will be
saturated most of the growing season, the bagged root ball shall have a surface diameter
that is at least 1/2 the diameter of the un-pruned drip-line and a depth that is at least 8"
per 5' of tree/shrub height.
If not planted immediately upon delivery to the job site, plants shall be stored in shade
and root balls kept moist through periodic watering until the time of planting.
If growing, the plants shall appear healthy with no leaf sports, leaf damage, leaf
discoloration, chlorosis, leaf wilting or curling, or evidence of insects on the leaves.
Container (Woody and Herbaceous Plants)
The soil within the root ball shall be at field capacity (1/3 atmosphere) or wetter upon
delivery to the job site. Any wilted, dry and/or lightweight plants shall be rejected. If not
planted immediately upon delivery to the job site, plants shall be stored in shade and root
balls kept moist through periodic watering until the time of planting.
The container size shall be at least as large as specified. Plants shall not necessarily be
rejected when supplied in containers larger than specified. However, the soil/root masses
shall be the size of the specified container size. If the soil/root masses are substantially
smaller than the specified container size and loose soil exists on the sides and bottom of
the containers, indicating that plants have not been in specified containers long enough to
root into surrounding soil, the plants shall be rejected.
If growing, the plants shall appear healthy with no leaf spots, leaf damage, leaf
discoloration, chlorosis, leaf wilting or curling, or evidence of insects on the leaves.
For trees and shrubs, where spiraling woody roots exist on the outside of the soil/root
mass upon the removal of the plants from the containers, the landscape contractor shall
separate (cutting where necessary) and spread them out (frazzle) prior to planting.
Bare-root Seedlings
Seedlings should be delivered to the site within one week of being lifted. If not
immediately shipped, the material should be stored under shelter, moist, and at 35 to 40
degrees F for no more than two weeks. The material should be planted immediately upon
9
delivery to the site. If not planted immediately upon delivery to the job site, plants shall
be stored in shade and root balls kept moist through periodic watering until the time of
planting. Plants should not be stored on site for more than two weeks.
No more than 25% of the root system (primary and fibrous roots) shall show evidence of
damage from digging/lifting process. Healthy fibrous roots should be present on all
seedlings.
Stems and branches of all plants shall be turgid, with light green or yellowish green
cambium and have an abundance of well-developed terminal buds on leaders and
branches.
Live Stakes (Cuttings, Whips)
Cuttings should arrive on site within 8 hours of being cut. Cuttings should be installed
immediately upon site arrival or stored moist, covered, and cool for no more than 2 days
after arrival until installation. When temperatures are above 50 degrees F, cuttings
should be installed on the day they are cut.
For willows, the cuttings should be between ten inches to two feet in length and 0.5
inches + 0.1 inches in diameter.
Fiber or Peat Pot (Herbaceous Plants)
If not planted immediately upon delivery to the job site, plants shall be stored in shade
and root masses kept moist through periodic watering until the time of planting.
The plants shall be well rooted through the sides and bottoms of the pots and firmly
contained therein.
If the plants may be easily removed from the pots by holding the upper portion of the
plant and gently pulling on the pots, the plants shall be rejected.
If growing, the plants shall appear healthy with no leaf spots, leaf damage, leaf
discoloration, chlorosis, leaf wilting or curling, or evidence of insects on the leaves.
The pot size shall be at least as large as specified. Plants shall not necessarily be rejected
when supplied in pots larger than specified.
The number of plants or stems (culms) per port as specified shall be present at the
minimum, and on the average, or the plants shall be rejected.
Dormant Propagule Herbaceous Plants)
If not planted immediately upon delivery to the job site, the dormant propagules shall be
stored out of direct exposure to the sun and wind and they shall be protected by covering
with straw, peat moss, compost, or other suitable materials and shall be kept moist,
through periodic watering, until the time of planting.
10
The bodies and shoots associated with the propagules shall have turgor or be rigid to the
touch. If the bodies and/or shoots associated with the propagules are soft or mushy, or
appear rotten or decomposed, the plant materials shall be rejected. Rhizome (stolon)
sections shall provide a minimum of two shoots per section or Rhizome (stolon) sections
containing at least a terminal shoot shall be a minimum of four inches (4') in length (in
order to ensure sufficient stored energy to support the new growth). Rhizome sections
containing shoots that are soft or mushy or otherwise appear rotten shall not be accepted.
Plug (Herbaceous Plants, Woody Seedlings, or Rooted Cuttings)
If not planted immediately upon delivery to the job site, the plugs whether in or out of
their growing units shall be stored out of direct exposure to the sun and wind and
maintained moist through periodic watering until the time of planting. If the plugs are
not contained in their growing units upon delivery and will not be planted immediately,
they should be treated as above and their root masses shall be protected by straw or other
suitable materials and maintained moist, through periodic watering, until the time
planting.
Plugs shall have solid soil/root masses with the soil in place. Roots shall appear clean
and white in coloration.
If growing, the plants shall appear healthy with no leaf spots, leaf damage, leaf
discoloration, chlorosis, leaf wilting or curling, or evidence of insects on the leaves.
If dormant (herbaceous), new healthy shoots shall be apparent. Plugs containing shoots
that are soft or mushy or otherwise appear rotten shall not be accepted.
If dormant (woody), stems shall be pliable and exhibit light green to yellowish green
cambium. Plugs containing brittle stems and having unhealthy cambium shall not be
accepted.
Plugs (woody seedlings) shall have widths that are at least to the limb lines of the
seedlings and have depths that are at least one-fourth the heights of the seedlings.
Seed
Shall be delivered in clean, unopened containers and labeled as to seed origin, purity,
germination percentage, and date of germination testing.
3.6 Fertilization
Herbaceous Plantings
Spring plantings - Use compressed slow-release tablets (Agriform) or Osmocote 18-6-12,
eight to nine month release fertilizer, to be placed in hole at time of planting. For
Dormant propagules, container/fiber pot, or plug seedlings use about 15 grams (0.5 oz.)
per planting.
11
Woody Plantings
Fall/Winter plantings - Use compressed slow-release tablets (Agriform) or Osmocote 18-
5-11, twelve to fourteen month release fertilizer, to be placed in hole or in soil
fill/amendment mix at planting. Use 15 grams (0.5 oz.) per 1-quart container, 45 grams
(1.5 oz.) per 1-gallon container (30 grams per each additional gallon). Use 15 grams (0.5
oz.) per unrooted cutting for willow whips.
12
4.0 References
Bardon, L.S. 1991. Element Stewardship Abstraction for Microstegium vimineum, stilt
grass. The Nature Conservancy's Wildland Invasive Species Program.
Radford, A.E., Ahles, H. E., and C.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the
Carolinas. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, N.C.
Schafale, M.P., and Weakley, A.S. 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities of
North Carolina. Third Approximation. N.C. Natural Heritage Program. Division
of Parks and Recreation, Raleigh, N.C.
Tu, Mandy. 2000. Element Stewardship Abstract for Microstegium vimineum.
(tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/esadoes/documnts/micrvim.htl). The Nature
Conservancy's Wildland Invasive Species Program, Dept. of Vegetable Crops &
Weed Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.
Vepraskas, Michael J. 1992. Redoximorphic Features for Identifying Aquic Conditions.
Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N.C.
Wake County North Carolina Soil Survey. 1970. USDA. Soil Conservation Service.
13
NOTES: "oo a N N 0
1. ALL DISTURBED AREAS ABOVE THE BANKFULL N0~ i ~ i
000
STAGE /TOP OF BANK WILL BE SEEDED WITH
TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT SEEDING AND MULCH Q Q Y ~ ~ V
2. ALL DISTURBED AREAS BELOW BANKFULL BENCH ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ O
WILL BE SEEDED AND COVERED WITH C125.
SEE C125 SPECIFICATIONS.
3. TRANSPLANTS WILL OCCUR AT ANY AREA WHERE
THERE ARE ROOTWADS PRESENT OR AS DETERMINED
BY PROJECT MANAGER.
4. BREAKS IN THE BANKFULL BENCH FOR
PRESERVATION OF VEGETATION THAT IS AIDING AND
MAINTAINING BANK STABILIZATION WILL BE DETERMINED N 2
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~ N N N
1. TRANSPLANTS WILL BE RELOCATED TO THE OUTSIDE OF MEANDER
0 O
BENDS OR AREAS SPECIFIED AS DIRECTED IN THE FIELD.
2. ALL DISTURBED AREAS ABOVE THE BANKFULL Q Q Y ~ ~ V
STAGE /TOP OF BANK WILL BE SEEDED WITH ~ ~ ; ~ ~ O
TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT SEEDING AND MULCH
3. ALL DISTURBED AREAS BELOW BANKFULL BENCHWILL BE SEEDED AND
COVERED WITH C125. SEE C125 SPECIFICATIONS.
4. TRANSPLANTS WILL OCCUR AT ANY AREA WHERETHERE ARE
ROOTWADS PRESENT OR AS DETERMINED BY PROJECT MANAGER.
5. BREAKS IN THE BANKFULL BENCH FOR PRESERVATION OF VEGETATION 12+T8.15
53.23 RT
THAT IS AIDING AND MAINTAINING BANK STABILIZATION WILL BE
DETERMINED ONSITE 14+42.57 Z
63.23 RT Z W
6. CONTRACTOR WILL CONSTRUCT AN EARTHEN BERM AND RAMP TO ~a
CROSS CART PATH. FILL OVER CART PATH MUST BE CONSTRUCTED ~0 ,.v~ OW
V W Z
AND MAINTAINED AT A MINIMUM OF 2 FEET ` " O ~ H a
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NOTES: 0 000
'1 NNN ~ ~ 0
1. ALL DISTURBED AREAS ABOVE THE BANKFULL STAGE /TOP OF BANK MIAti
0 0 O
mm~ Q Q Y
2 IAL BDISTURBE AREAS BEOLOW BANKFULLRB NCH WILLEBEI SEEDED ND H MATCH LINE C ~ ~ V
ET EE
COVERED WITH C125. SEE C125 SPECIFICATIONS. SEE SHEET 4 ~~o
3. TRANSPLANTS WILL OCCUR AT ANY AREA WHERE THERE ARE t=
27+20.33 ~ ~ 79 TION ENTRANCE
ROOTWADS PRESENT OR AS DETERMINED BY PROJECT MANAGER. ~ ; ' 1 i~bP~NSTR C ~ ~ d
4. BREAKS IN THE BANKFULL BENCH FOR PRESERVATION OF VEGETATION ,4'N Q ~ ~ 0 _ > ~ ~
w J ' ~ . +33.73
THAT IS AIDING AND MAINTAINING BANK STABILIZATION WILL BE ~ W T 0 ~ o m 0 ~ ti " . = 63:5 L
DETERMINED ONSITE ~ ~i' J ~
5. EXISTING CHANNEL WILL BE FILLED IN WITH STOCKPILED SOIL. ~ - oO ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ ,
~ ~ ~ Q ~V ~ f ~ ~
6. SILT FENCE SHALL BE PLACED ACCORDING TO THE EROSION AND ~ X ~ V r ~ Q ~ ~S Q ~
SEDIMENT CONTROL PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL SECTION 6.62 ~ 's~ t~ j~ 3' ~ ~ INTAKE
1 9 F ~ ~ Z
7. CONTRACTOR WILL CONSTRUCT AN EARTHEN BERM AND RAMP TO c3 ~ W ~ i - ; ~~LI` CA.I~T ~RaSSING ~ ~ ~G .~~0 a - a
~o CROSS CART PATH. FILL OVER CART PATH MUST BE CONSTRUCTED Q ss~~~ ' t MT ti t'` w o 617 CRE~NAIAY ~ UTILITY ES ~ ~5 ~V 1 ~ W ~
~ ' m o W
AND MAINTAINED AT A MINIMUM OF 2 FEET. ~ ~c~ so~ GRe 8. CONSTRUCTION TRAILOR WILL BE LOCATED BY PINE TREES ~ ~ 28 ~C ~ ~ lei V W Z
83.9 I ~ c Q `N . Q ~ °s. Z
~~a W Z 1 = rn
9. CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE SHALL BE CONSTRUCTED BY FOLLOWING ~ ~~c ~ VW0
THE EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL P . o ~ r ~ aco~ ~ ~
, `N 1' d2 W v _Nn
SECTION 6.06 -W'' r cn N r
~ ~ ® - - ~ '4; W ~ ~ r 0000
LOCATE AND MOVE IRRIGATION ' •y r N N N N ~ ~ ~1 ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ i
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a ,F' j ^ y ~ .~0 NOTES: a° ~Z3
I Q ~ / 1. ALL DISTURBED AREAS ABOVE THE BANKFULL STAGE /TOP OF BANK a g =
I ~ ~ WILL BE SEEDED WITH TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT SEEDING AND MULCH a ~
~ ~ ~ t ~ ; ~
I ~ ~ 1 4 r 2. ALL DISTURBED AREAS BELOW BANKFULL BENCH WILL BE SEEDED AND ~ N
1 ~ I ;'t ~ ~ /
s° t ~ COVERED WITH C125. SEE C125 SPECIFICATIONS. ~
d ~ I 3. TRANSPLANTS WILL OCCUR AT ANY AREA WHERE THERE ARE a+~
# ~ t f $ r ~ / f
f f I " ROOTWADS PRESENT OR AS DETERMINED BY PROJECT MANAGER. ~`Y ~''0°~
~ ~ r I ~ g %1 ,i S / i ~ / 4. BREAKS IN THE BANKFULL BENCH FOR PRESERVATION OF VEGETATION ~ pDSi°50i
3 f e' _ / THAT IS AIDING AND MAINTAINING BANK STABILIZATION WILL BE P10N""~ o~xe,~,
DETERMINED ONSITE
ET E H
5. SILT FENCE SHALL BE PLACED ACCORDING TO THE EROSION AND ~0 8
SEDIMENT CONTROL PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL SECTION 6.62
6. EXISTING CHANNEL WILL BE FILLED IN WITH STOCKPILED SOIL. ~=w~

0 0 ~
N TE N N 0
T RE YAR AW AT A R 1. TWILL ~ ~ N
i ~ i
T D Y PR E MANA ER. T INE B J E ERM R TWAD PRE ENT R A D M ~ ti 0 0 0
T T I R IN
DA I T F PLA 2 ENE HALL a a Y >>u
M AL E E I N AN U TIN 2 AND D 6 EDIMENT NTR L PLANNIN
~~o
TH T KPI LE i L. FILLED IN WI D . EXI TIN HANNEL WILL BE 3
E HEET E
43+14.38 ~ zi
52.67 L T ,
"7"""r/ v4 ~REENWAY & UTIL.TY FSMT 52+32.55 z
~ O ~ ~ ~ rf • Z W 97.24 RT yt/ o a
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~ ` 58.07 LT ~ ~Y= ~ A 0 ~
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AND COC~STRUCTION AT 54+00 DESIGM.dgn
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CARY, NC 27511 919-463-5488
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TER UALI T Y PRELIMINARY PLANS
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N E ENCE GF TI S U N TR 0 0 U 3 ;,~R2
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END F N TR TI N A i q ~ , ~k.
SHEET # 9

SHEET # 5
G
EXISTING THALWEGlPROPOSED CENTERLINE t'~.' - SILT CHECK RI PROJECT LENGTH Prepared in the Ofifice of: DESIGN ENGINEER
ALES PHIC SC GRA
STREAM TOP OF BANK (EXISTINGIPROPOSED) - - - MINOR CONTOUR TING STREAM LENGTH = 10,526 FEET
MAJOR CONTOUR EXISTING STREAI x x- SILT FENCE 225
50 25 0 50 100 ~ POWER POLE PROPOSED DESI( 'OSED DESIGN STREAM LENGTH = 11,328 FEET
FIRE HYDRANT
STREAM CHANNEL (EXISTING) T 1998 STANDARD S STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
PLANS R00 WAD
- - - - - - • UTILITY AND GREENWAY ESMT CONSTRUCTIONI 3TRUCTION DATE (SCHEDULED): JULY 2001 ~ ((r,
50 25 0 50 100 -55 - SANITARY SEWER LINE ROCK VANE
PROPOSED BANKFULL BENCH R V
LE END c oss ANE 1152 EXECUTIVE CIRCLE
PROFILE HORIZONTAL SINGLE WING DEFLECTOR ~ H V J OOK ANE SUITE 100
CROSSING TEMPORARY STREAM COVER LOG CARY, NC 27511
1.0 5 0 1.0 20 919-463-5488
CONSTRUCTION RIFFLE CONSTRUCTION ESMT.
Q CROSS-SECTION PIN ANIT LE S ARY SEWER MANHO
PROFILE (VERTICAL) PROJECT MANAGER WILLIAM A. HARMAN
PROJECT ENGINEER JAMES A. BUCK. P.E. SIGNAT : -aT€

000 N N C W
~ i N ~ ti a0 ~ a
N 0 ~ 0 ~ i i
o00
TYPICAL CROSS SECTIONS FOR STREAM REACH TYPICAL SECTION -RIFFLE BANKFULLBENCH
a~~ _ ~
~~3 ~
~~o 0
W Z
Q ry1
i 0
to
1~ 20~ ~+f
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Wbkf k Z t W V ~
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2 V' 01 NOTE: SEE PLANS FOR LOCATIONS 0-35 W W ~ W
z OR AS DIRECTED IN THE FIELD Z Uy~j~
Abkf= -7 ~ o Z 66 8 ft2 U Q 2 J
Abkf=60 ft2 Dave=2. - ~ ~ a 3 2.5 ft W Q
bkf W/D=13 ~ lJWO
iA O 0~
- N n Z
~ BANKFULL STAGE ~ ' BANKFULL STAGE
0 0 cooo
LL _ 2 Dave=2.2' Dmax=3. ' LL -2 x =-3 000 0 N N N N ~ i ~ i
000 0
-3 5 max=4.-.2'
W _q _ a-4 w 0000
o -5 ~-6
-6 -7 -7 ;~Ym
-8 -8
40 50 60 ~ 0 10 20 30 10 20 30 40 50 60
DISTANCE (F~ DI TA T E W
J
SCALE: NTS SCALE: NT U
O~°~ WONT
>_U~
F-WZ~ ~
W~}~ (n ~ q~
W Q~ U
N
TYPICAL CROSS SECTIONS FOR STREAM REACHE BANKFULLBENCH
_ 1 1
TYPICAL SECTION -RIFFLE W Z
H tit Q
g
15' - 40'-1
3 ~
w U
V YUKf NOTE: SEE PLANS FOR LOCATIONS OR AS DIRECTED IN THE FIELD kf - w Wb > ~ ~
38.0' 4 -4 W o Y
> w W ~
W Z o w Z A f= a. - k 12- 014 2
Abkf=110 ft2 J = Z
~ = c~ U I- D z ave 3.1-3. 3 a w Z
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a Q
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UAiE
DISTANCE (F~ D I TAN E F ~r a, Zoa T
SCALE: NTS ALE: NT PROdECr ~o
ao~o~a
F~EtwE DESIGN,dgn
SI~i NO 2
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RNg
N O ~
h N w
O O O
NOTES. ° ° u
- THOD
NT ME PI DRIVE I N TH D EN H TR ETHOD
SHARPEN THE END OF THE LOG WITH A CHAINSAW BEFORE "DRIVING" " ~
EXISTING BANK IT INTO THE BANK. ORIENT ROOT WADS UPSTREAM SO THAT
THE STREAM FLOW MEETS THE ROOT WAD AT A 90-DEGREE ANGLE,
DEFLECTING THE WATER AWAY FROM THE BANK. A TRANSPLANT OR
BOULDER SHOULD BE PLACED ON THE DOWNSTREAM SIDE OF THE
COVER WITH TEMPORARY ROOT WAD IF A BACK EDDY IS FORMED BY THE ROOT WAD. THE
SEED AND EROSION ~n BASE FLOW BOULDER SHALL BE APPROXIMATELY 48" X 36" X 24". IF THE ROOT WAD
CONTROL MAT ~ 0 MAXIMUM 2:1 SLOPE) ~2
BANKFULL ROOT WAD CANNOT BE DRIVEN INTO THE BANK OR THE BANK NEEDS TO BE
RECONSTRUCTED, THE TRENCHING METHOD SHOULD BE USED. THIS
BANKFULL BENCH METHOD REQUIRES THAT A TRENCH BE EXCAVATED FOR THE LOG Z
tJ0 BASEFLOW ' PORTION OF THE ROOT WAD. IN THIS CASE, A FOOTER LOG CAN BE W
~0 R '
- ~ INSTALLED UNDERNEATH THE ROOT WAD. THE FOOTER LOG SHOULD BE ~ o
,~5, ~P 0 ~ ~ ~p ~ / PLACED IN A TRENCH EXCAVATED PARALLEL TO THE BANK AND WELL
BELOW THE STREAMBED. THE ROOT WAD IS PLACED ON TOP OF THE " W BOULDER FOOTER. ONE-THIRD OF THE ROOT WAD SHOULD REMAIN BELOW W ~ ~
BOULDER 7
FOOTER
FOOTER LOG > 12" DIAMETER LOG NORMAL BASE FLOW CONDITIONS. ~ o p
I PLAN INSTALLED BELOW STREAM BED LION
_ n n
M IV N N O O O O
Y Z ~ ' ly
Q 113 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED I ~ I~ ~ A w w p o
113 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED 0°i BOTTON WIDTH BOTTOM WIDTH BOTTOM VNDTH ~ CHANNEL WIDTH CHANNEL WIDTH CHANNEL IDTH ~ D
Q ~ w ° 3 WATER SURFACE
~ 2d TO 30 , ~ • ao m ELEVATION ~ ; ~ a
~ ~ ID ~ , i z ID HEADER ROCK
NO GAPS BETWEEN ~ I I
BANKFULL ROCKS ~ I - I '-Q TREAM BANK W ~W ~ 4% t~l 101
~ - FOOTER ROCK
I . - I ~ STREAM BED J~ _~.~v~_
~ ELEVATION ~
~ ( U -
FOOTER ROCK FIRST ROCK TIED INTO ' ~ ' WATER WATER U ~m O~"Q
I HEADER ROCK STREAM BANK ~ ~ FLOW FLOW FOOTER ROCK
~ ' rWZM
~ V ~rP
~ ~~I , I N E I R ' w~n~m
' , HEADER ROCK ~ a ~ ~ PROFILE VIEW FOR ROCK, CROSS. AND "J" HOOK VANES w
NOTE: BOULDERS MUST BE AT LEAST I N I/ LL)
4'X3'X2',6'X4'X3'BOULDERS I ( I~
VI W N E PLA ARE PREFERRED.
Y
Z~ 1~
Q 113 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED I ~ I~
1130FPROPOSED mI BOTTONIMDTH BOTTOMIMDTH BOTTOM?MDTH ~ 113 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED ~ m
CHANNELIMDTH CHANNELWIDTH CIiANNELWIDTH Q D w 3 I3
~ a~ 2d TO 30 ID ID
~ z
NO GAPS BETWEEN I ROCKS I
BANKFULL I ~ ~ ? ' ~ I
= FOOTER ROCK I ~ ( ~ NOTES FOR ALL VANE STRUCTURES
' ~ i I
l~ ~ ~ I I
~ i~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ 1. DIG A TRENCH BELOW THE BED FOR
FIRST ROCK TIED INTO ' ~ WATER ~ ` FOOTER ROCK I
HEADER R K STREAM BANK ~ ' FLOW ~ ~ OC , i ~ ~ FOOTER ROCKS AND PLACE FILL ON ~
~ ~ UPSTREAM SIDE OF VANE ARM, ~
- ~ ` ~ - i~ ~ ? ~ ~ BETWEEN THE ARM AND STREAM BANK. ~,n
I t ~ (
T E R ~ HEADER ROCK ' 2. START AT BANKFULL AND PLACE FOOTER o W
~ ` NOTE: BOULDERS MUST BE AT EAST ~ ' L ROCKS FIRST AND THEN HEADER (TOP) ~ a w
4' X 3' X 2' , 6' X 4'X 3' BOULDERS ' ~ I, /
V VU LAN I ARE PREFERRED. ~ _ I, ROCK. ~r
3. CONTINUE WITH STRUCTURE, FOLLOWING a Zv~
11 11 ANGLE AND SLOPE SPECIFICATIONS. ° ~~o
4. BOULDERS (TOP) MUST TOUCH WITHOUT ~ ~~n~
GAPS.
Y 5. AN EXTRA BOULDER CAN BE PLACED IN ~ NaY
ZI i~
~Q 113 OF PROPOSED 1!3 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED I 113 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED 113 OF PROPOSED 0° I BOTTON 1MDTH BOTTOM WIDTH BOTTOM WIDTH ~ SCOUR HOLE FOR HABITAT ~ ~wZ3
CHANNELWIDTH CHANNELIMDTH CHANNELWIDTH ~ m Q D I~ IMPROVEMENT. ~ a
w ~
~ 2d TO 30° ~ ~ ID cn , • ~x ID Q F
NO GAPS BETWEEN , ' I I w-
KFULL ROCKS ~ ~ BAN ~ e I I
I ~ I ~
~ ~ FOOTER ROCK ' I I ~ ,
~ I r ~ . ` I? I an
~ I Aur q,2pq
WgECi 1p
T R K F00 E ROC FIRST ROCK TIED INTO I WATER Ob5p501
HEADER ROCK STREAM BANK ~ FLOW ~ REMrE
I DETAL5.0gn
~ ~ yEET Iq
~~I I N T R
' ~ HEADER ROCK ~ ~
TE: BOULDERS MUST BE AT ST r NO LEA r
4'X3'X2', 6'X4'X3'BOULDERS I ~ AN VI
ARE PREFERRED.

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NIVN ' ~ ~
CONSTRUCTED RIFFL B~ ~ D A I
IA h O 0
Q ~ IL 7 7 V
7 7 ; T ~~o NOE.
S
- R/ OBBLE RIFFLE SHOULD BE B LDE C U
I D D N TR A F A R M R VA N TR K N
I DER H
NTB UL ULD EMER E I
P R DEABOVE THE BED 3 T06 INCHE . ROT U S ~ . ~ A
- RENT BOULDERS SHOULD NOT BE AB VE SUBME G 0
I
A
' , ~ , ' E ELEVATI N. URFA
~ I/' ~ ' ~ Z
BOTTOM WIDTH O EMERGENT BOULDERS i ~ ( ~ i i . ~ i ~ i Z W / / / ~ a
~ ~ . ~"i ~ i F R T VANE I VER N ~ ~o
~ SUBMERGENT BOULDERS ~ ~ - ~ ' ~ i / OW
WATER > / r ( ~
FLOW F o a ' Q J
~ - ; ~ - 1 y ~~a ~ W
~ ~ - ~ 2°' of , I:---~'~ / . - 20:1 = vl
/ ( ~•--/1 ~1~11 it _ 1 ~ ~ i--~ i--~! li--~ V W 0
~I e
CROSS SECTION A-A' 20 30 A s' A i~ '
I WATER WATER j 1TER o 0 0 °o 1 I N
~ FLOW FLOW ~ LE - ~ N N N PR .ow 0 I _ooo
PLAN VIEW
0000
~ d Y m
~ 3 V~!
W J
U ~
~ U ~ pJ O d-
TEMPORARY STREAM CROSSING SINGLE WING DE EXISTING BANKS CLASS A STONE J _>°N~
F-WZf+) ~ ~ cD
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to
PLAN VIEW
I 113 OF PRO 113 OFPROPOSED FLOW
I BOTTOM ~ BERM BERM ~ B TTOM VNDTH ~ 0
r~
t'
~ STILLING BASIN ~
~ (2 FT. MAX DEPTH)
NEW CHANNEU F- 50 FT ~ I Y NEW CHANNEL z
CONSTRUCTION ROAD 1 Q
~ , m / ~ i~
0 ~ Q ~ CLASS A STONE
w ~ ~
2'H X 1'V TYPE 2 FILTER FABRIC Z' WATER ~ UNDERNEATH STONE FLOW ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~
~ W ~ - - TYPE 2 FILTER FABRIC
NOTES:
A q' _ -
I , ~ 1. CONSTRUCT STREAM CROSSING WHEN FLOW IS LOW. 1 ; - o ~ FOOTER
ROCK H
• U
2. HAVE ALL NECESSARY MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT ON-SITE , ` BOULDERS W U1
BEFORE WORK BEGINS. ~ ~ DY
~ ~ NO GAPS EXISTING CHANNEL W
3. MINIMIZE CLEARING AND EXCAVATION OF STREAMBANKS. DO NOT I ' ~ BETWEEN - - - - N W
EXCAVATE CHANNEL BOTTOM. COMPLETE ONE SIDE BEFORE STARTING ~ ~ e a ROCKS ~ ~ ~ ~ }
,I a U z ~
ON THE OTHER. ~ - R E TI N j ~ ~ FIRST ROCK w ~ Z
4. INSTALL STREAM CROSSING AT RIGHT ANGLE TO THE FLOW. e -Z I o ~ TIED INTO F-
5. GRADE SLOPES TO A 2:1 SLOPE. TRANSPLANT SOD FROM I / F- 0 STREAM BANK w d
)CK ~ ~U ~ BANKFULL ~
ORIGINAL STRAMBANKS ONTO SIDE SLOPES. H~aoeRROCK - 6. MAINTAIN CROSSING SO THAT RUNNOFF IN THE CONSTRUCTION ~ INVERT ELEVATION 112 ~ ~ dW
BANKFULL MAX DEPTH V I-' Y
ROAD DOES NOT ENTER EXISTING CHANNEL. PLAN VIEW ANGLE OF HEADER AND FOOTER ~ N W od
- STONE TO BE PLACED BETWEEN ~ W Z 3
7. A STABILIZED PAD OF CLASS "A" STONE, 6 INCHES THICK, 20 AND 30 DEGREES rn ~ d
LINED WITH TYPE 2 FILTER FABRIC SHALL BE USED OVER THE BERM
AND ACCESS SLOPES. ~I d I-
A' W
8. WIDTH OF THE CROSSING SHALL BE SUFFICIENT TO ACCOMIDATE A , BANKFULLSTAGE
THE LARGEST VEHICLE CROSSING THE EXISTING CHANNEL. vsoFanNKFU~~ FN
9. CONTRACTOR SHALL DETEREMINE AN APPROPRIATE RAMP ANGLE
0 ~ ~ - - - - 01?1E
ACCORDING TO EQUIPMENT UTILIZED. _ - - - d1L1' 10~ 1001
PRO,ECT NO
-
N TE F1E11~1E oEi~~
SECTION A-A' CROSS E TI N SET ~ ?R
THE I HE K H Ze LT ULD B E IN TALLED AT THE D W RAM NTE
END F THE HANNEL BEI ~ N EX AVATE D. N E THE WATER
I M VED IN TH N W HANNEL T HE I T LLIN B A IN
H DI P LD BE P ED AN D TH E TR T UR EM V E R ED.

W ~ F
Q tQ
ti O
TR TIN QUENCE OF EVENTS ONS UC 0 SE C BENTS
b a construction mono er from Buck Engineering. Construction will occur simultaneously on Austin Creek and Smith Creek, beginning wit ginning with Reaches ARI and SRI. Following completion of each Reach, construction will move
Construction will be supervised y 9 downstream to Reaches AR2, SR2, AR3, and SR3 using the following sequence. > ~
~ o
REACH ARI
all construction e ui ment in the staging area for Reach ARI and install a construction entrance located on the Plan Sheets.
I. The Contractor will park q P or safet fencin .The Contractor will stake e innin construction activities, the Contractor will mark the boundaries of all sensitive areas using visible tape y g 2. Before b g g will stake the limits of where construction equipment is permitted to travel as specified by
the Project Engineer. h wn on dra in s. Fill de th over the cart ath must be at least 2 feet Est 2 feet.
3. The Contractor will build an earthen berm and ramp over the existing cart path. Location is s o w g p P ~ the Project Engineer. During excavation, the Contractor will stockpile any sod mats, shrubs, and
ate the flood lain bench beginning at the upstream end of Reach ARI (Station 0+00) as shown on the Plan Sheets and as directed by the Proj 4. The Contractor will excav P in (usin a loader). Plants that are to be trans lanted will be marked with higt ~ with highly visible tape. The Contractor will water the transplants on a daily basis.
trees less than 3 inches diameter at the top of bank to be used later for transplant g g P ' emove the fill excavated from the bankfull bench and transport it offsite to another location. The Contractor is responsible for obtaining a sedi 5. The Contractor will r ling a sediment and erosion control permit for the disposal site.
all rock cross vanes, root wads, wing deflectors, and other instream structures beginning at the upstream end of Reach ARI as shown on the PI 6. The Contractor will inst on the Plan Sheets and as directed by a construction manager. z
r ill com lete final radin of the stream bed, stream bank, and floodplain bench while moving from upstream to downstream. 7. The Contracto w p 9 9 co the bankfull bench and slo e with C125. 0
. At the end of each da s construction work, the Contractor will seed all disturbed upstream areas and ver P 8 y ntrol ractices as s ecified. 9. Ali disturbed areas in the Reach ARI construction site will be stabilized with erosion co p P
REACH 5RI
ill ark all construction e uipment in ti e staging areas for Reach SRI and use the access roads as shown on the Plan Sheets. f0. The Contractor w p q i ible to e or safet fencin .The Contractor will stake II. Before be innin construction activities, the Contractor will mark the boundaries of all sensitive areas using v s y g will stake the limits of where construction equipment is permitted to travel.
g g ss as located on the Plan Sheets. E ui ment will only access t e stream when necessary and when other optic 12. The Contractor will build a stable temporary stream acce q P ether options are more destructive.
the flood lain bench from stations 0+00 to 7+00 of Reach SRI as shown on the Plan Sheets and as directed by the Project Engineer. The 13. The Contractor will excavate p gineer. The bankfull bench is limited to the left bank and will be discontinuous, taking into
account trees and desirable vegetation.
14. The Contractor will install root wads and cross vanes as directed by the Project Engineer. or will seed and install C125 such that disturbed soil on the streambank is covered at the end of each working day.
15. The Contract n meander wavelen th at a time. Excavated soil will be stock filed between t 16. Startin at station 7+50, the Contractor will begin excavating the new channel in the dry, o e g P g d old channel. A silt check will be installed at the end of the new channel. All instream structures will be installed c between the existing and new channels to be used later for filling the existing channel. ~
Silt fence will be installed between the new channel an installed and the banks will be stabilized with matting before water is turned into the R
new channel, inches diameter at the to of bank to be used later for trans lantin . F splinting. Plants that are to be transplanted will be marked with highly visible tape. - i
17. Duren excavation, the Contractor will stockpile any sod mats, shrubs, and trees less than 3 p P 9 g ds J-hook vanes and other instream structures as shown on the Plan Sheets and as directed b the constructio instruction manager.
18. The Contractor will install rock cross vanes, root wa , the new channel the Contractor will install the upstream root wad diversion to direct streamflow into the new channel. The ontractor wilt thei 19. Following completion of , 'or wilt then completely fill in the existing channel as directed by the construction manager.
20. Steps 15 through 18 will be repeated for the remainder of SRI. banks. All disturbed areas in the Reach SRI construction site will be stabilized with erosion Q ~ Q Q
is com leted on Reach SRI, the Contractor will remove the temporary stream access and grade the stream bank to match adJacent banks. All d 21. After all instream work p Q.
control practices as specified. 0000
REACH AR2
ntractor will ark all construction equipment in the staging area for Reach AR2 located on the Plan Sheets. 22. The Co P itiv s usin visible to e or safet fencin .The Contractor will stake will stake the limits of where construction equipment is permitted to travel. > ~
23, Before be innin construction activities, the Contractor will mark the boundaries of all sens e area g P Y 9 g g in at the u stream end of Reach AR2 as shown on the Plan Sheets and as directed b a construction mane ction manager. During excavation, the Contractor will stockpile any sod mats, shrubs, and trees less ¦ ~
24. The Contractor will excavate the floodplain bench beginn g p . at the to of bank to be used later for transplanting. Plants that are to be transplanted will be marked with highly visible tape. than 3 inches diameter P
' tai rock cross vanes, root wads, wing deflectors, and other instream structures beginning at the upstream end of Reach AR2 as shown on the 25. The Contractor will ins am areas with erosion control ractices as s ecified. ern on the Plan Sheets and as directed by the construction manager. ~ ~ v
26. At the end of each day /32s construction work, the Contractor will stabilize all disturbed upstre p ~
rk is com leted, disturbed areas in the Reach AR2 construction site will be stabilized with erosion control practices as specified. 27. After all instream wo P
REACH SR2 w
J U
ntractor will ark all construction equipment in the staging area for Reach SR2 located on the Plan Sheets. 28. The Co P fall sensitive areas usin visible to e or safet fencin .The Contractor will stake will stake the limits of where construction e ui ment is ermitted to travel ~ X00 q P P o0
29. Before be innin construction activities, the Contractor will mark the boundaries o g P Y 9 g g am channel excavation beginning at the upstream end of Reach SR2 as shown on the Plan Sheets and 30. The Contractor will clear the corridor to be used for new stye heets and as directed b the construction manager. Durin clearin ,the Contractor will stock ile an °N~ Y, 9 9 P Y wo
trees less than 3 inches diameter at the top of bank to be used later for transplanting (using a loader). Plants that are to be transplanted sod mats, shrubs, and i ated soil will be stock filed between the exis ~nsplanted will be marked with highly visible tape.
tractor will be in excavating the new channel in +he dry, one meander wavelength at a t me, starting upstream. Excav p , 31.The Con 9 ~ tolled at the end of the new channel. All instream structures v, ill be installed and the ban i the existing and new channels to be used later for filling the existing channel. Silt fence ~~Z~ id the banks will be stabilized with matting before water is turned into the new channel °5r~
will be installed between the new channel and old channel. silt check will be ins splinting. Plants that are to be transplanted will be marked with highly visible tape. X~'~d1
ontractor will stock file an sod mats, shrubs, and trees less than 3 inches diameter at the top of bank to be used later for transplanting. f 32. During excavation, the C P Y all rock cross vanes, root wads, J-hook vanes, and other instream structures as shown on the Plan Sheets and as directed b the constructi~ ;onstruction mono er. w 9
33. The Contractor will inst d diversion to direct streamflow into the new channel. The ontractor will the 34. Followin com letion of the new channel, the Contractor will install the upstream root wa g p ender of SRI. for will then completely fill in the existing channel as directed by the construction manager. N
35. Steps 31 through 34 will be repeated for the rema banks. All disturbed areas in the Reach SR2 construction site will be stabilized with erosion
is com leted on Reach SRI, the Contractor will remove the temporary stream access and grade the stream bank to match adjacent banks. All ~ 36. After all instream work p
control practices as specified.
REACH AR3
The Contractor will ark all construction equipment in the staging area for Reach AR3 located on the Plan Sheets. 37. p for will m th n ri s of all sensitive areas usin visible to e or safet fencing. The Contractor will stake will stake the limits of where construction equipment is permitted to travel.
38. Before be inning construction activities, the Contrac ark e bou da e g P Y g e used for new stream channel excavation be inning at the upstream end of Reach AR3 and install stream crossings as sr pings as shown on the Plan Sheets and as directed by the construction manager. During clearing, the ~
39. The Contractor will clear the corridor to b 9 sod mats shrubs, and trees less than 3 inches diameter at the top of bank to be used later for transplanting. Plants that are to be Contractor will stockpile any re to be transplanted will be marked with highly visible tape.
' excavatin the new channel in the dry, one meander wavelength at a time, starting upstream. Excavated soil will be stockpiled between the ex' 40. The Contractor will begin 9 t the d of w channel. All instream structures will be installed and en the existing and new channels to be used later for filling the existing channel. Silt 1•alled and the banks will be stabilized with matting before water is turned into the new
fence will be installed between the new channel and old channel. A silt check will be installed a en the ne
channel. t and trees I ss than 3 inches diameter at the to of bank to be used later for transplanting. 41. Duren excavation, the Contractor will stockpile any sod ma s, shrubs, e P isplanting. Plants that are to be transplanted will be marked with highly visible tape.
g vanes root wads,J-hook vanes, and other instream structures as shown on the Plan Sheets and as directed b the constructi 42. The Contractor will install rock cross , construction manager. ;tor will then completely fill in the existing channel as directed by the construction manager.
f the new channel, the Contractor will install the upstream root wad diversion to direct streamflow into the new channel. The ontractor will the 43. Following completion o
44. Ste s 40 throu h 43 will be repeated for the remainder of SRI. p g h SRI the Contractor willremove the tem orary stream access and grade the stream bank to match adjacent banks. All banks. All disturbed areas in the Reach AR3 construction site will be stabilized with erosion control
45. After all instream work is completed on Reac P practices as specified.
rbed areas in the Reach AR3 construction site will be stabilized with erosion control practices as specified. 46. All distu
REACH SR3
Contractor will ark all construction equipment in the staging area for Reach SR3 located on the Plan Sheets. 47. The P cries of all sensitive areas usin visible to e, silt fencin , or safety fencing. The Contrac
48. Before be innin construction activities, the Contractor will mark the bound g P 9 g g stream access os located on the Plan Sheets, Equipment will only access the stream when necessary and when other opt e Contractor will stake the limits of where construction equipment is permitted to travel. other options are more destructive. F-
49. The Contractor will build a stable temporary ~wn on the Plan Sheets and as directed by the construction manager. ~
' tall rock cross vanes, root wads, win deflectors, and other instream structures beginning at the upstream end of Reach SR3 as shown on the 50. The Contractor will ins W
da 's construction work, the Contrac or will stabilize all disturbed upstream areas with erosion control practices as specified. 51. At the end of each y r the stream bank to match adjacent banks. AI' After all instream work is completed on Reach SR3, the Contractor will remove the temporary stream access and g ode J 52. t banks. All disturbed areas in the Reach SR3 construction site will be stabilized with erosion control Z ~ Y
practices as specified. win UW >w fzW
w~
. . d. D:
t~ ummar o uan ies ' ~ U .S O Z
Q Z w~ OZ
--Z UO
Z ~ w~. QV)p
Items Descri tton Quantit Quontit Unit ~ 0 ~ ~ U ~ OQ
C Mobilization/ tion I I LS w ~ V1 ~ F- W
D Safet Fence 500 500 LF Q NDY
E Tem orar Silt Fence 2000 2000 ~F Z ~ w z Q
F Tem orar Seedin (R e) 3000 3000 LBS ~ ~ ~Q~
F Permanent Seeding (Smooth Panicgrass) 40 40 LBS ~ ~ U Uf
F Mulching 3000 3000 BALES ~ ~ I _ ~0 QF-
H Excavation Fill and Gradin - t- Z
H Fill Removal (AR I and AR2) - - CY NQ W~
I Gravel 100 100 TONS Z ~ t~ TONS 0 F-
I Class A Stone 400 400 U
I Boulders 250 250 HOURS N
I Boulders 500 500 TONS
K Root Wads 350 350 EACH o~rE
L Filter Fabric T e 2 1400 1400 SY >~r
M Shrub and Tree Transplants 3000 3000 SY ~+aECi no
N Erosion Control Matting 45000 45000 Y FIEN~iiE
generdnotesdgn
s~Er ~o
3
ORAING NO

p0o
NOTES: x`~ N N 0 s~ ;4 t~ ~ i N
q N 0 0
1. ALL DISTURBED AREAS ABOVE THE BANKFULL MfNti
STAGE /TOP OF BANK WILL BE SEEDED WITH 000
Q Q Y 7 'J f3
TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT SEEDING AND MULCH
7 7 ; ~ ~ p
2. ALL DISTURBED AREAS BELOW BANKFULL BENCH
WILL BE SEEDED AND COVERED WITH C125.
SEE C125 SPECIFICATIONS.
3. TRANSPLANTS WILL OCCUR AT ANY AREA WHERE
THERE ARE ROOTWADS PRESENT OR AS DETERMINED
BY PROJECT MANAGER.
4. BREAKS IN THE BANKFULL BENCH FOR
PRESERVATION OF VEGETATION THAT IS AIDING AND
F
MAINTAINING BANK STABILIZATION WILL BE DETERMINED ~ t- 2
ONSITE ri J Z ~ cv c; ~ a
~ tG W 0
5. EXISTING CHANNEL WILL BE FILLED IN WITH
STOCKPILED SOIL. t1 W N
` Q J
6. SILT FENCE SHALL BE PLACED ACCORDING TO THE
EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLANNING AND IOI! O 0 f• - 0~
s' - i°
DESIGN MANUAL SECTION 6.62 _Nr1
S~ - _ SCE ~ ° 0 - - -
~ o00 0 0 0 0
ti ~ BEGIN CONSTRUCTION STATION 0+00 N N N N H ,I. ~ i ~ ~
p1 J N~ MNjp J =i ~ 0000
1~f ? f ~O titititi ~n ~~P ~ 0000
O ~O _ n ~ n , ~ AIM
v S ' ~ W
x x ar
r~ ~3v~
20FT INTERMITANT BENCH ~ m
~ W
~ - r' W
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REACH SR1 Q~ W-
FN
to
PATE
Jl1.Y 10.2001
PIi4,~CT NO
010510501
F~F.NAi~
DESIGN.dgn
SLEET ND
4
DRA~NG tq
SCALE
r : 50'