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Michael F. Easley
Governor

William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Alan Klimek, Director
Division of Water Quality

22 December, 2003

Mr. Steve Bondor
ARCADIS G&M of North Carolina, Inc.
801 Corporate Center Drive
Suite 300
Raleigh, North Carolina 27607-5073

2600 0350?

Regarding:

Physical Monitoring Plan
College of Veterinary Medicine (CMV) and Lake
Wheeler Road Field Laboratory
Wake County

Dear Mr. Bondor,

Thank you for the Physical Monitoring plan for these two projects. The plans are acceptable to
DWQ. However it should be noted that the design for the new stream channel at CMV needs to be
fashioned after reference reach conditions. The Monitoring plan should contain approved reference
reach information (including the location) compared to the current (baseline) and proposed conditions
in the test reach at CMV. Please refer to the morphological measurements table in DWQs Stream
Mitigation Guidelines for details. Also we understand that a Biological Monitoring plan is being
written which includes collection and analytical protocols for samples from the stream and
impoundment at the CVM project. As we discussed these data can be used for additional mitigation
credits if the results of the investigations demonstrate watershed benefits or improvement in water
quality. We look forward to working with you on this project. Please contact Dave Penrose if you
have additional questions. He can be reached at 715-3481.

Sincerely,

CC: Dave Penrose, Wetlands/401 Certification Unit
Steve Mitchell, Raleigh Regional Office'
File Copy
Central Files

North Carolina Division of Water Quality; Wetlands/401 Unit
1650 Mail Service Center; Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Blvd., Raleigh, NC 27604-2260
Telephone: [phone]; Fax: [phone]
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands

Re: NC State College of Veterinary Medicine

Subject: Re: NC State College of Veterinary Medicine
From: John Dorney <[e-mail]>
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2003 08:53:24 -0500
To: "Bondar, Steven" <[e-mail]>
CC: dave penrose <[e-mail]>

~

thankx. please be aware that it will be difficult to demonstrate the watershed level benefits of mitigation
without pre-disturbance monitoring data. in other words, it will be much harder to prove the benefit of
watershed level work and therefore much harder for the agencies to provide additional mitigation credit,
unless there is predisturbance monitoring data (for instance water quality in the pond or downstream).
dave - please print out this email and put into the file. thankx

Bondor, Steven wrote:

NCSU is still considering the potential benefits of the monitoring plan and
intends on preparing a formal document describing the proposed plan and
credits, etc. if they proceed. In the meantime however they will perform the
chemical sampling noted below and the biologcial sampling discussed a few
weeks ago.

Thanks for the quick response.

-----Original Message-----
From: John Dorney [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Monday, December 22, 2003 11:32 AM
To: dave penrose
Cc: Bondor, Steven
Subject: Re: NC State College of Veterinary Medicine

thanks also. i think i mentioned the edwards brach project in charlotte
as a possible prototype to use to begin discusssions of extra mitigation
credit.

dave penrose wrote:

Hey Steve,

That sounds good. As you know we really don't have the numbers
together yet that can be used to determine mitigation credits based on
improvements in water quality or watershed health. To my knowledge
this is the first time we've done this. My advice would to do the
best job you can to document baseline conditions and then the
resultant improvements in water quality following construction. The
plan you laid out should work (having a baseline and first flush
survey will also help with noting the improvements). Please include
in your monitoring plan that you will also be collecting benthic
macroinvertebrates - improvements in community compositions may also
be something that you can use to note water quality/habitat
improvements in the catchment. If you have any other questions please
feel free to give me a call to discuss (715-3481). Good luck with the
proj ect! !

Dave

Bondor, Steven wrote:

I received your voice message and wanted to confirm our discussions

10f2

12/23/03 8:03 AM

Re: NC State College of Veterinary Medicine

of the
water quality baseline monitoring. The notice to proceed for
construction of
the stream / wetland is Jan.5 with land disturbance not expected
until about
Jan 19.
Summary of water quality monitoring:

Type of samples

*

grab sample of normal (dry weather) stream flow

* grab sample of storm runoff - will attempt to collect after a
minimum of 0.1 inch and maximum of 1.0 inch of rainfall. This may not be
possible due to schedule limitations however.

Sample Locations
* within existing stream, upstream of proposed culvert location
* within existing stream, downstream of existing 36" culvert
* within headwaters of existing pond, just downstream of stream
project
* within existing
tributary from horse
* within existing
line downstream from

downstream of existing pond and upstream of

stream,
pasture
stream, downstream
horse pasture

of existing pond, at property

Sample Parameters

*

Nitrate Nitrogen
Nitrite Nitrogen
Phosphate
TKN
TSS
Fecal Coliform

*
*
*
*

*

Let me know if you have any other comments, otherwise we will proceed on
this basis.
Thanks for your help.

Steven M. Bondor, PE
Senior Engineer
ARCADIS G&M of North Carolina
801 Corporate Center Drive Suite 300
Raleigh, NC 27607
919-854-1282
[e-mail]

20f2

12/23/03 8:03 AM

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TTOo: dd St. John t ~ l' Fco,Plies: North Carolina 27607-5073
1 e Tel [phone]
John Dorney M ecktenwald Fax [phone]
NC Division of Water Quali nvironmental Health and Safety www.arcadis-us.com
l 401 Wetlands Certification Unit Center !
2321 Crabtree Blvd. _)\ North Carolina State Uni . ~
Suite 250 t ~? t CJ ~ \V
Raleigh, NC 27604 ~c ,x:l!/"_ ,~cf ~ '::r , ~ ;V~ 'K I)

From: -" ~ ~ e:
Steve Bondor

::y King ~ < "'-'DIS '''j~ '0 DEe 0 8 200 11;1 :::
CVM / Lake Wheeler Road Field Lab \......~ NC402019.0002 3
Stream / Buffer Restoration DJ'J- WATER QUALt"rv
LL SEcTION

.~. ARCADIS

BUSINESS UNIT

We are sending you:
D Attached

D Under Separate Cover Via

the Following Items:

D Shop Drawings
D Prints
D Other:

D Plans
D Samples

D Specifications
D Copy of Letter

D Change Order
D Reports

Copies
3

Drawin No.

Description

Action*

Date

Rev.

Physical Monitoring Plan

rJ

Action*
D A Approved
D AN Approved As Noted
D AS As Requested
D Other:

Correct and Resubmit
File

For Approval

D Resubmit _ Copies
D Return _ Copies
D Review and Comment

D CR
D F
D FA

Mailing Method
D U.S. Postal Service 1" Class
D Certified/Registered Mail
D Other:

D Courier/Hand Delivery
D United Postal Service (UPS)

D FedEx Priority Overnight
D FedEx Standard Overnight

D FedEx 2-Day Delivery
D FedEx Economy

Comments: Per our meeting discussion of Nov. 25,2003

g:\lnr\402019-00\hydro\ 1 20803trans.doc

P~gP'
1/1

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WETLANDS /401 GROUP
DEe 0 8 2003
WATER QUALITY SECTION

PHYSICAL MONITORING PLAN

STORMWATER WETLAND, STREAM AND
BUFFER RESTORATION

COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE AND
LAKE WHEELER ROAD FIELD LAB

NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA

DECEMBER 3, 2003

~ARCADIS

Infrastructure, buildings, environment, communications

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Physical Monitoring Plan

North Carolina State University
Stormwater Wetland
Stream and Buffer Restoration
College of Veterinary Medicine
Lake Wheeler Road Field Lab
Raleigh, North Carolina

Prepared for.
North Carolina State University

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Prepared by:
ARCADIS G&M of North Carolina, Inc.
801 Corporate Center Drive
Suite 300
Raleigh
North Carolina 27607
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]

I

Our Ref.:
NC402019.0000

Date:
December 2003

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This document is intended only for the use
of the individual or entity for which it was
prepared and may contain information that
is privileged, confidential, and exempt from
disclosure under applicable law. Any
dissemination, distribution, or copying of
this document is strictly prohibited.

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I 1. Introduction 1-1
I 1.1 Project Description 1-1
1.2 Goals and Objectives 1-1
r 2. Design Summary 2-1
2.1 CVM Site Description and Land Use 2-1
I 2.2 Proposed CVM Stream and Buffer Restoration 2-1
2.3 Proposed CVM Stormwater Wetland 2-2
I 2.4 Lake Wheeler Road Buffer Restoration 2-3
I 3. Physical Monitoring 3-1
3.1 Methodology 3-1
I 3.2 As Built Surveys 3-1
3.2.1 Longitudinal Profile 3-1
I 3.2.2 Permanent Cross Sections 3-1
3.2.3 Pebble Count 3-2
I 3.2.4 Photo-Documentation 3-2
3.2.5 Vegetation 3-2
I 3.2.6 Flow Monitoring 3-3
4. Success Criteria
4-1
I 4.1 Dimension 4-1
4.2 Pattern 4-1
I 4.3 Profile 4-1
4.4 Material 4-1
I 4.5 Photo Points 4-2
4.6 Vegetation 4-2
I 4.7 Discussions 4-2
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Table of Contents

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5. Monitoring Schedule 5-1
5.1 Stream Surveys 5-1
5.2 Vegetation Monitoring 5-1
5.3 Reports 5-1
5.4 Monitoring Procedure Adjustments 5-1

Figures

Site Locations - College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM) and Lake Wheeler
Road Field Lab

2 CVM Stormwater Wetland, Stream Restoration, and Buffer Restoration
Site

3 CVM Pond Buffer Restoration Site

4 Lake Wheeler Road Field Lab Buffer Restoration Site

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Table of Contents

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1. Introduction

1.1 Project Description

ARCADIS was retained by North Carolina State University (NCSU) to prepare design
and construction documents for stream and buffer restoration utilizing natural channel
design methodologies. The project includes two sites, the College of Veterinary
Medicine (CVM) and the Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory .

The CVM site includes approximately 700 feet of stream restoration and 70,000 square
feet of buffer restoration along an unnamed tributary of House Creek. The CVM
project also includes a 0.7-acre stormwater wetland and approximately 53,000 square
feet of buffer immediately upstream of the stream restoration site and 58,000 square
feet of pond buffer restoration at an existing pond immediately downstream of the
stream restoration site.

The Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory project includes approximately 71,000
square feet of stream buffer restoration along an unnamed tributary to Little Swift
Creek.

1.2 Goals and Objectives

The purpose of the stream restoration, the stormwater wetland, and the buffer
restoration is for NCSU to gain mitigation credit for stream impacts caused by previous
NCSU development projects.

The goal of the project is to improve water quality by reducing sediment from eroding
stream banks and by reducing nutrient input through the establishment of a permanent
riparian buffers and the stormwater wetland. The buffers will prevent grazing and
direct access by cattle to the stream and will improve the stream habitat.

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
lake Wheeler Road lab

Introduction

1-1

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2. Design Summary

2.1 CVM Site Description and land Use

The CVM project area encompasses approximately 1,200 linear feet of an unnamed
tributary to House Creek, an intermittent stream in Wake County, North Carolina. The
project is approximately 2,000 feet west of the Hillsborough Street (NC Highway 54)
and Interstate 440 intersection in Wake County. Land use surrounding the project area
includes residential, commercial, recreational, and industrial. The NCSU property is
bounded to the north by the Wade Avenue extension, with the North Carolina Art
Museum beyond. Blue Ridge Road is immediately to the west of the NCSU property,
with the North Carolina State Fairgrounds beyond. Hillsborough Street borders the
property to the south with the North Carolina State Arboretum and commercial
properties beyond. East of the veterinary school property is the NCSU faculty club
facility, with Interstate 440 beyond.

The NCSU CVM Campus is approximately 190 acres, with the project area near the
south-central portion ofthe property. The headwaters of the project stream are almost
entirely contained within the research facility. The entire project area is within the
Neuse River drainage basin. The upstream limit of the project is at the outfall of an
existing 42-inch concrete pipe draining the existing CVM parking lots and associated
grounds. The downstream project limit is at the upper end of an existing pond in the
center of the campus.

The project valley is characterized by moderately sloping terrain. The primary land
use adjacent to the project stream is active cattle pastureland. The cattle have
unlimited access to the stream and have severely damaged the stream banks, causing
active bank erosion and sediment deposits within the channel. No riparian buffers or
forests exist in the project study area due to the use of the land as pasture. Land use
upstream of the project limit, within the watershed, consists of parking lots and
buildings associated with the CVM campus.

2.2 Proposed CVM Stream and Buffer Restoration

Based on the analysis of field data for the existing stream and the proposed future
development within the watershed, a type B4 stream was recommended. The proposed
future development in the watershed, as described in the CVM master plan, will
increase impervious area and will likely increase the peak discharge, increase the
frequency of peak discharge, and reduce the natural sediment load from the watershed.

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road Lab

Design Summary

2-1

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These changes in the flow regime will likely cause the stream channel cross section to
enlarge. The B4 stream type is the most suitable due to the similarity of the cross
section and profile ofthe existing channel to a B4, the slope of the existing valley, the
minimal amount ofland area required, and the stability ofB4 streams in response to
urban conditions.

The proposed vegetative community for the entire project area is a Piedmont
Bottomland Forest. The typical Piedmont Bottomland Forest community occurs along
floodplain ridges and terraces in the Piedmont and in lower elevation mountain valleys.
Distinguishing features include the location in a floodplain, diverse herb layer, and
infrequent flooding.

To ensure success in a cost-effective manner and to avoid introduction of non-native
species, only selected vegetation associated with a bottomland forest community was
recommended. The following were recommended for this buffer restoration project in
a combination of bare root seedlings and live stakes: black willow, highbush
blueberry, silky dogwood, tag alder, American beech, swamp chestnut oak, water oak,
river birch, persimmon, willow oak, and sycamore. Recommended non-canopy and
herbaceous species are blackgum, elderberry, hackberry, ironwood, arrowwood,
spicebush, and yellowroot.

The species chosen will be planted in two zones, the channel zone, which includes the
associated banks and levees, and the floodplain zone. The channel zone extends 10
feet from the top of the banks on both sides of the channel. This zone is dominated by
plants that thrive in well-drained sandy conditions with occasional flooding. Dense
herbaceous and non-canopy-type species typically occupy the channel zone. The
floodplain zone is from the edge of the channel limit (10 feet from top of bank) to the
edge of the buffer limit (50 feet from top of bank). This zone will contain plants that
can thrive in moderately well-drained to somewhat poorly drained locations, and is
typically dominated by the canopy species with a less dense understory than the
channel zone.

2.3 Proposed CVM Stormwater Wetland

The stormwater wetland will be located at the upstream limit of the stream restoration
project and was designed to treat stormwater runoff from the future developed condition
of the watershed. The design was based on the North Carolina Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) Stormwater Best Management

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road lab

Design Summary

2-2

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Practices, the NCSU Cooperative Extension document "Designing Stormwater Wetlands
for Small Watersheds, "and the NCSU CVM Stormwater Master Plan.

The wetland will begin immediately downstream of the existing 42-inch pipe and will
extend along the stream valley approximately 600 feet. The wetland volume and
surface area were designed to treat the runoff produced from 1 inch of rainfall over the
contributing watershed, assuming fully developed conditions. Based on the NCSU
CVM Stormwater Master Plan, the future watershed will consist of 38.1 acres with
18.9 acres impervious area.

The wetland will include a normal pool similar to a wet detention pond with a forebay
and areas of shallow water, deep pools, shallow land (submerged during storms), and
upland (not submerged during storms). A riser-barrel principal spillway was designed to
slowly release the outflow allowing treatment of the runoff from the first inch of rainfall.
Runoff volumes exceeding that from the fIrst inch of rainfall will flow through an
emergency spillway and will bypass the treatment area. Both spillways from the wetland
will discharge into the stream. The emergency spillways were designed to accommodate
the 100-year storm. Flood routing calculations were performed for the 2-, 10-, 50-, and
100-year storm events using the "chainsaw" method, as described in "Elements of Urban
Stormwater Design," (Malcom 1989).

The stormwater wetland design included a planting plan that consists of native species
selected with consideration of existing soils, topography, drainage, and the design
guidance documents mentioned previously. The planting plan includes a variety of
species locally adapted to encourage a diverse natural ecosystem. Included are fringed
sedge, waterweed, soft rush, pickerelweed, arrowhead, soft-stem bulrush, and bushy
bluestem.

2.4 lake Wheeler Road Buffer Restoration

The project is located on property owned by NCSU at the Lake Wheeler Road
Agricultural Research Facility. The project study area encompasses approximately
1,500 linear feet of an unnamed tributary to Little Swift Creek, a perennial stream in
Wake County, North Carolina. The project area, which covers approximately 3.5
acres, is approximately 1.25 miles southeast ofthe Tryon Road (SR1370) and Lake
Wheeler Road (SRlO09) intersection in Wake County.

Elevations within the study area are approximately 390 feet above mean sea level. The
portion of the NCSU Research Facility east of Lake Wheeler Road is approximately

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road Lab

Design Summary

2-3

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583 acres, with the project area at the eastern end of the property. The headwaters to
this stream are almost entirely contained within the Lake Wheeler Road Research
Facility. The entire project area is within the Neuse River drainage basin.

The NCSU property is bounded to the north by the Raleigh Golf Association golf
course and residential properties. West of Lake Wheeler Road are another NCSU
Agricultural Research Facility and residential properties. Another unnamed tributary
to Little Swift Creek borders the property to the south with forested land and
residential properties beyond. Carolina Concrete is located immediately east of the
NCSU property, with forested land and a Norfolk Southern Railroad line beyond.

The primary land use within the study area is fallow grassy fields with a small amount
of active agricultural fields. A thick cover of vegetation is present adjacent to and
within the banks of the stream. Land use surrounding the project study area includes
residential, agricultural, forestland, recreational, and industrial.

The project area is composed of one vegetative community - maintained agricultural
land. This community is found as both active and fallow land. Only one active
agricultural field is present within the project area, on the southeastemmost comer of
the project area. At the time of the site visit, this field had been recently planted in
winter wheat as a cover crop. This cover will be turned in the spring when com is
planned to be planted. The remaining portion ofthe project area, excluding the stream
channel, is fallow fields. The fallow fields are dominated by Bermuda grass (Cynodon
dactylon), with a few large willow oaks (Quercus phellos) and loblolly pines (pinus
taeda). Vegetation found within the stream channel and along the associated banks
include Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), pokeweed (Phytolacca americana), black
willow (Salix nigra), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicerajaponica), giant cane
(Arundinaria gigantea), arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum), blackbeny (Rubus
argutus), silky dogwood (Comus amomum), boxelder (Acer negundo), and red
mulbeny (Morus rubra).

The proposed vegetative community for the project area is a Piedmont bottomland
forest. The typical Piedmont bottomland forest community occurs along floodplain
ridges and terraces in the Piedmont and in lower elevation mountain valleys.
Distinguishing features include the location in a floodplain, diverse herb layer, and
infrequent flooding.

The Bottomland Forest Communities immediately east and west of the project area
were used as references along with vegetative community information from the North

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road Lab

Design Summary

2-4

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Carolina Natural Heritage Programs Classification of the Natural Communities of
North Carolina (Schafa1e & Weakley 1990).

To ensure success in a cost-effective manner and to avoid introduction of non-native
species, only selected vegetation associated with a bottomland forest community was
recommended. The following were recommended for this buffer restoration project in
a combination of bare root seedlings and live stakes: black willow, highbush
blueberry, silky dogwood, tag alder, American beech, swamp chestnut oak, water oak,
river birch, persimmon, willow oak, and sycamore. Recommended non-canopy and
herbaceous species are: blackgum, elderberry, hackberry, ironwood, arrowwood,
spicebush, and yellowroot.

The species chosen will be planted in two zones, the channel zone, which includes the
associated banks and levees, and the floodplain zone. The channel zone extends 10
feet from the top of the banks on both sides of the channel. This zone is dominated by
plants that thrive in well-drained sandy conditions with occasional flooding. Dense
herbaceous and non-canopy-type species typically occupy the channel zone. The
floodplain zone is from the edge of the channel limit (10 feet from top of bank) to the
edge of the buffer limit (50 feet from top of bank). This zone will contain plants that
can thrive in moderately well drained to somewhat poorly drained locations, and is
typically dominated by the canopy species with a less dense understory than the
channel zone.

Several of the named species to be planted are present within the project area.
Attempts will be made to leave the canopy species present (willow oak and loblolly
pine) within the project area. In addition, live stakes of any existing herbaceous
species within the project area should be encouraged. The bare root seedlings will be
planted on an 8-foot by 8-foot spacing, while live stakes will be planted on a 3-foot by
3-foot spacing.

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road Lab

Design Summary

2-5

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3. Physical Monitoring

3.1 Methodology

Monitoring will be conducted based on the North Carolina Division of Water Quality
(NCDWQ) Stream Mitigation Guidelines as described for Level I projects. The
monitoring period will be 5 years and will be conducted annually beginning with an as
built channel survey upon completion of construction (currently planned for June
2004).

3.2 As Built Surveys

Location surveys of the constructed features will be conducted to monitor the
performance of the stream restoration. A longitudinal profile and four permanent cross
sections will be surveyed to establish baseline conditions after completion of
construction. Subsequent surveys will be taken at 12-month intervals and compared to
the baseline surveys. Periodic pebble counts, photographs, and vegetation assessments
will also provide information to determine the success ofthe restoration.

3.2.1 Longitudinal Profile

The longitudinal profile of the restored stream will be surveyed for its entire length.
The heads of riffles, pools and steps, and maximum pool features will be surveyed in
the longitudinal profile. Surveying these features will allow the calculation of water
surface slope at each feature, average water surface slope, pool length, and pool-to-
pool spacing. At each feature, locations will be determined for the thalweg, left and
right edges of water, left and right bankfull elevations, and left and right tops of bank.
These locations will enable the creation of a plan view of the restored stream. Stream
pattern (i.e., meander length, radius of curvature, belt width, and sinuosity) will be also
measured from the baseline plan view.

3.2.2 Permanent Cross Sections

Four permanent cross sections will be surveyed. One riffle and one pool will be
surveyed from the upper and lower reach. The cross sections will be in the proximity
of where pre-restoration cross sections were taken. The beginning and end of each
permanent cross section will be marked using wooden stakes labeled with the cross
section number. Cross sections will extend from 25 feet beyond the top of each bank
and will be perpendicular to the stream flow. The cross section surveys will note all

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
lake Wheeler Road lab

Physical Monitoring

3-1

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grade breaks, tops of banks, left and right bankfull, edges of water, and thalweg. The
cross sections will be plotted and the bankfull cross sectional area will be calculated.
The area will be compared to the as built cross sections and the design cross sections as
shown in the construction documents. Comparisons will also be made to the Hydraulic
Geometry Relationships for Urban Streams Throughout the Piedmont of North
Carolina (Harman). The bankfull mean depth will be calculated by dividing the
bankfull cross sectional area by the bankfull width. The width-to-depth ratio will be
calculated by dividing the bankfull width by the bankfull mean depth. The stream will
be classified using the Rosgen system of stream classification (Rosgen 1994).

3.2.3 Pebble Count

The stream substrate will also be monitored. A modified Wolman pebbled count
(Rosgen 1994) will be taken at each permanent cross section. Fifty samples will be
taken below bankfull. The cumulative percent will be graphed and the D 16, D35, D50,
D84, and D95. calculated. During subsequent surveys, pebble counts will be conducted
at each location and compared to the baseline pebble count.

3.2.4 Photo-Documentation

Permanent photo points will be established during the as built survey. The photo
points will be selected to show reaches of the stream as well as the buffer. Photographs
will be taken to record any events that may have a significant effect on the success of
the restoration such as flood, drought, or vandalism. The locations of the photo points
will be shown on the plan view of the as built survey.

3.2.5 Vegetation

A survey of vegetation during the growing season (August to October) will be
conducted annually over the 5-year monitoring period to verify survivability of the
installed plants. The monitoring will be conducted in permanent plots representing
approximately 10 percent of the respective buffer areas. Potential plot locations are
shown in the attached figures. The comers of the plots will be permanently marked so
they can be located in future surveys. The data will be recorded on the forms presented
in the NCDWQ Stream Mitigation Guidelines. The sample areas and sizes may be
slightly increased or decreased after initial data are collected and analyzed. Surviving
stems within the plots will be tallied. The stem survival rate per acre will be computed
from the plots.

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
lake Wheeler Road lab

Physical Monitoring

3-2

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3.2.6 Flow Monitoring

Flow monitoring will be conducted through visual observations of peak stage either
during or after large storm events.

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road Lab

Physical Monitoring

3-3

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4. Success Criteria

Success criteria are required to determine if the restoration project is meeting the
project goals and objectives. The general criteria will be based on Appendix IT of the
NCDWQ Stream Mitigation Guidelines. These criteria include changes in the
dimension, pattern, profile, bed material, and vegetation over the five-year monitoring
period.

4.1 Dimension

The stream cross section should not significantly change from the baseline cross
section. Minor adjustment in the cross section is expected, however. The adjustment
is due to the lack of precision of large heavy machinery during construction on a small
stream. The lack of permanent vegetation can also contribute to adjustments in the
channel dimension. A change in the width-to-depth ratio of a maximum of 2.0 units
beyond the as-built width-to-depth ratio will be acceptable.

4.2 Pattern

The stability of stream pattern will be measured using stream sinuosity (the ratio of
stream length divided by valley length or approximated by the ratio of valley slope
divided by stream slope). A change of 0.2 units from the baseline sinuosity will be
considered acceptable. If there is a change beyond the acceptable limit in sinuosity, the
belt width, radius of curvature, and meander will be evaluated to determine where the
adjustment occurred that affected the sinuosity.

4.3 Profile

The baseline average water surface slope will be used as a measure of profile stability.
The average water surface slope will be determined by taking water surface elevation
readings at the beginning and the end of the project, at the same feature (head of riffle,
head of pool, etc.), determining the elevation difference between the two and dividing
the difference by the stream length between the two features. A change of :t 1 0 percent
or less in average water slope will be considered acceptable.

4.4 Material

A shift in particle size distribution of the bed material is expected as a result of stream
restoration. This is a result of adjustment of the shear stress and stabilization of the

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road Lab

Success Criteria

4-1

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existing banks. The change in the substrate material will be measured over the five-
year monitoring period.

4.5 Photo Points

Permanent photo points will be established during the as built survey. The
photographs will show the succession of vegetation growth and any significant changes
in the stream configuration.

4.6 Vegetation

Woody vegetation success will be measured by stem survivability over the 5-year
monitoring period. Survivability will be based on 320 stems per acre through year 3,
then 10 percent mortality in year 4 (288 trees/acre) and an additional 10 percent
mortality in year 5 (260 trees/acre).

4.7 Discussions

It is possible that some of the above parameters may fail to meet the success criteria. If
the dimension, pattern, or profile parameters are not met, further analysis will be
required. The goal of the restoration project is to improve water quality by reducing
sedimentation and nutrient input.

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road Lab

Success Criteria

4-2

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5. Monitoring Schedule

5.1 Stream Surveys

Stream surveys will be conducted during August through September of each year. The
as built survey is expected to occur in June 2004 upon completion of construction.
Surveys will be conducted during each of the five years of monitoring.

5.2 Vegetation Monitoring

Vegetation monitoring will be conducted concurrently with the stream survey (June-
September). Monitoring during these periods will ensure that woody species will not
be dormant. Monitoring will be conducted each of the five years.

5.3 Reports

Monitoring reports will be prepared within two months of data collection. The reports
will include the following:

North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road Lab

Monitoring Schedule

. Introduction I'
. Summary
. MaterialslMethods
. Results
. Discussion
. Recommendations
. References
. Appendices
5.4 Monitoring Procedure Adjustments

The protocol and results of the monitoring will be reviewed annually by NCSU.
Adjustment to monitoring procedures or schedule may be required as the site changes
over time, or if logistical problems render a procedure unduly difficult to conduct.
Such adjustments would be developed by NCSU and reported to the NCDWQ for
approval prior to application. After reviewing the annual reports, the NCDWQ or
regulatory agencies may also have suggestions for adjustment to the monitoring.

5-1

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North Carolina State
University
College of Veterinary
Medicine and
Lake Wheeler Road Lab

Monitoring Schedule

Suggestions will be reviewed and, if appropriate, will be incorporated into the
following year's monitoring. The monitoring program may need occasional
adjustments to remain accurate, complete, and feasible.

5-2

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STREAM AND BUFFER RESTORA TION AT COLLEGE
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WAKE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
PHYSICAL MONITORING PLAN FIGURE 2

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WAKE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
PHYSICAL MONITORING PLAN FIGURE 3

DESIGN ENGINEER

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NORTH CAROliNA STATE UNIVERSITY

STREAM AND BUFFER RESTORA TION AT COLLEGE
OF VETERINARY MEDICINE AND BUFFER
RESTORATION AT LAKE WHEELER RD FIELD LAB
WAKE COUNTY,NORTH CAROLINA
PHYSICAL MONITORING PLAN FIGURE <I