NC0000892_Monitoring (Information)_20190826

ROY COOPER !.' ���`k' n
Governor "u f g
MICHAEL S.REGAN \ -2 _
Secretary `\�al..orro.'
LINDA CULPEPPER NORTH CAROLINA
Director Environmental Quality
August 26, 2019
Brian Reddy,Plant Manager
Arclin USA,LLC
790 Corinth Rd
Moncure,NC 27559
Subject:NC0000892
Arclin USA
Investigative Monitoring
Dear Mr.Reddy,
Several emerging compounds have been found in North Carolina waters, specifically, 1,4-dioxane and a
group of chemicals known as perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS, also referred to as
PFCs). Data reviewed as part of the Third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule(UCMR3)has
indicated elevated concentrations for these compounds in the Cape Fear River Basin. In addition,
ambient monitoring performed by DWR's Water Sciences Section have confirmed the presence of these
compounds in the Cape Fear River Basin. See ambient monitoring study reports listed under the
following link: https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/waterresources-data/water-sciences-
home-page/1-4-dioxane
Background
1,4-dioxane is a clear liquid that is highly miscible in water. It has historically been used as a solvent
stabilizer and is currently used for a wide variety of industrial and manufacturing purposes. The
compound can be found in industrial solvents,paint strippers, and varnishes and is often produced as a
by-product of chemical processes to manufacture soaps,plastics, and other consumer products.
The U.S. EPA has not established a maximum contaminant level for 1,4-dioxane in drinking water but
has characterized it as"likely to be carcinogenic to humans"and has established a drinking water health
advisory of 35 µg/L. North Carolina has a calculated human health surface water criterion with an
associated estimated lifetime cancer risk of one in one million at a concentration for 1,4-dioxane of 0.35
µg/L in water supplies and 80 µg/L in all other waterbodies(15A NCAC 02B .0208).
PFAS compounds are most often associated with nonstick coatings,plating operations, firefighting foams,
and stain-and water-resistant treatments for clothing, furniture and carpeting.
PFAS has been found to have adverse effects in laboratory animals and humans when ingested. To
provide Americans with a margin of protection from a lifetime of exposure to PFAS from drinking water,
EPA has established the health advisory level of 70 ng/L individually and combined for two of the most
common PFAS compounds: PFOA(perfluorooctanoic acid) and PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonate).
Required Actions
To assess the levels of these compounds throughout the Cape Fear and to assist DWR in developing a
Management Strategy to reduce levels of these emerging compounds,Industries permitted under the
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System(NPDES)which employ processes associated with the
discharge of these compounds are hereby required to perform investigative monitoring at the treatment
plant effluent for 1,4-dioxane and total PFAS once per month for three consecutive months starting in
October 2019. Such investigative actions can be required under 15A NCAC 02B .0508 (b)(2) and G.S.
143-215.66.
DE v.s North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality I Division of Water Resources
-) 512 North Salisbury Street 11617 Mail Service Center I Raleigh.North Carolina 27699-1617
nroRTH CAROLINA
919.707.9000

Samples collected should be representative of the typical wastewater discharged from your facility.
Sufficiently sensitive test methods shall be used.
• To locate a lab capable of performing the PFAS analysis,please visit
https://www.denix.osd.mil/edqw/accreditation/accreditedlabs/and search by method"PFAS
by LCMSMS Compliant with Table B-15 of QSM 5.1 or Latest Version".
■ Grab samples are required to avoid cross-contamination and ensure consistency.
■ Please refer to Attachment B for the analyte list. Each facility shall provide results for as
many of the PFAS compounds as possible, specifically including PFOA and PFOS.
• To locate a lab certified to perform 1,4-dioxane analysis using EPA Method 624.1,please
visit https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/water-resources/water-resources-data/water-
scienceshome-page/laboratory-certification-branch/certified-laboratory-listings.Be sure to
specify 1,4-dioxane by EPA method 624.1 when contacting the labs.The Division
recommends that the lab uses sufficiently sensitive test procedures with a target Practical
Quantification Level(PQL)of approximately 1 µg/L.
• In addition to reporting the monthly results on the facility's eDMR,please send a copy of all
three monthly results to the DWR NPDES Complex Permitting Unit by January 31,2020 at
the following email address(please include the lab sheets with the test results):
[e-mail] include your NPDES permit number in your subject
heading.
If your effluent samples exceed the human health surface water criteria for 1,4-dioxane pertaining to your
receiving stream classification,DWR NPDES Complex Permitting Staff will evaluate the impact on the
receiving stream based on your facility's discharge and receiving stream volume. If necessary,NPDES
staff will contact you to develop a corrective action plan to begin reducing or eliminating 1,4-dioxane
discharges from your facility.
The PFAS drinking water health advisory of 70 ng/L is the target concentration for the sum of sample
results for PFOA and PFOS.NPDES staff will evaluate PFAS data results and impacts on the receiving
stream based on your facility's discharge flow,receiving stream volume, and location of water supply
intakes downstream.If necessary,NPDES staff will contact you to develop a corrective action plan to
begin reducing or eliminating PFAS discharges from your facility.
Please be aware that criteria are being developed for PFAS compounds and are likely to be lower than the
current drinking water health advisory level.Results for PFAS that do not currently require action may
trigger reduction activities in the future.
More Information
Attachment A outlines a suggested list of PFAS compounds for analysis and Attachment B identifies a
list of labs that have been pre-approved as capable of analyzing PFAS by LCMSMS Compliant with
Table B-15 of QSM 5.1 or Latest Version or with an acceptable modification.
The Department looks forward to working closely with you on this important public health issue. Data
from the Cape Fear River Basin will be evaluated to determine next steps to reduce the discharge of 1,4-
dioxane and PFAS throughout the State.
Please contact any of the following DWR NPDES Complex Permitting Unit staff members if you
have any questions or concerns: Julie Grzyb 919-707-3605, Cassidy Kurtz 919-707-3613 or Nick
Coco 919-707-3609 or via email([e-mail]).
Sincerel ,
, (
("e"--------‘
Linda Culpepper,Director
Division of Water Resources,NCDEQ
Cc: Dana Satterwhite,WSS
Julie Grzyb,NPDES
Rick Bolich,Raleigh Regional Office

Attachment A
To locate a lab capable of performing the PFAS analysis,please visit
https://www.denix.osd.mil/edqw/accreditation/accreditedlabs/and search by method"PFAS by LCMSMS
Compliant with Table B-15 of QSM 5.1 or Latest Version".Grab samples are required to avoid
crosscontamination and ensure consistency.
It is the Division's understanding that this test method is capable of providing results for the listed PFAS
compounds listed below.The Division recognizes that there may be variations from lab to lab.Each
facility shall provide results for PFOA,PFOS, and shall include as many of the following PFAS
compounds as possible:
Analyte Name I Acronym Fluorinated I Molecular CAS
Carbon Chain Formula Number
G _ i
Length
Perfluorotetradecanoic acid PFTeA C14 C13F27COOH 376-06-7
Perfluorotridecanoic acid I PFTriA C13 i C12F25COOH 72629-94-8
Perfluorododecanoic acid PFDoA CG2 I CIIF23COOH 307-55-1
Perfluoroundecanoic acid I PFUnA Cii j C10F21COOH 2O58-94-8
Perfluorodecanoic acid PFDA C10 C9Fi9COOH 335-76-2
Perfluorononanoic acid I PFNA C9 C8F17COOH j 375-95-1
Perfluorooctanoic acid PFOA CB I C7F15COOH 335-67-1
Perfluoroheptanoic acid PFHpA C7 J C6F13COOH 375-85-9
Perfluorohexanoic acid PFHxA C6 C5F11COOH 307-24-4
Perfluoropentanoic acid PFPeA C5 C4F9COOH 2706-90-3
Perfluorobutanoic acid PFBA C4 C3F7COOH 375-22-4
Perfluorodecanesulfonic acid PFDS C18 C1oF21SO3H 335-77-3
Perfluorononanesulfonic acid PFNS C9 C9F19SO3H 68259-12-1
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid PFOS C8 C8F17SO3H 1763-23-1
Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid PFHpS C7 C7F15SO3H 375-92-8
Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid PFHxS C6 C6F13SO3H 355-46-4
Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid i PFPeS j C5 C5F11SO3H 2706-91-4
~Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid I PFBS C40MG I C4F9SO3H 375-73-5
j Perfluorooctanesulfonamide i PFOSA I C8 C8F17SO2NH2 ! 754-91-6
2-(N-Ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamido) I N-EtFOSAA C8 j CsF17SO2N(C2H5) I 2991-50-6
acetic acid ll_ CH2COOH
2-(N-Methylperfluorooctanesulfonamido) N-MeFOSAA C8 I C8F17S02N(CH3)C 2355-31-9
acetic acid j HCOOH

Attachment B
Labs approved by NCDEQ-DWR for the PFAS Wastewater Influent Screening Sampling:
(Note:Most labs on this list are also listed on the Department of Defense accredited list approved for
PFAS testing using LCMSMS with Isotope Dilution,found by visiting
https://www.denix.osd.mil/edgw/accreditation/accreditedlabs/and searching by method"PFAS by
LCMSMS Compliant with Table B-15 of QSM 5.1 or Latest Version")
ALS Environmental—Kelso Maxxam Analytics International Corp
1317 S. 13th Avenue 6740 Campobello Road
Kelso,Washington 98626 Mississauga,Ontario L5N 2L8
[phone] [phone] http://maxxam.ca
http://vvwvv.alsglobal.com/
APPL,Inc. Microbac Laboratories,Inc.—Ohio Valley Division
908 N.Temperance Avenue 158 Starlite Drive
Clovis,CA 93611 Marietta,OH 45750
[phone] http://www.applinc.com/ [phone]
http://www.microbac.com/ourlaboratories/marietta-ohio/
Alpha Analytical SGS AXYS Analytical Services Ltd.
8 Walkup Drive 2045 Mills Road W.
Westborough,MA 01581 Sidney BC,Canada V8L 5X2
[phone] http://www.anab.org/ [phone]
http://www.axysanalytical.com/
Battelle *SGS North America,Inc.—Orlando
141 Longwater Drive,Suite 202 4405 Vineland Road,Suite C15
Norwell,MA 02061 Orlando,FL 32811
[phone] http://www.battelle.org/ [phone]
http://www.sgs.com/
*Enthalpy Analytical Shealy Environmental Services
2714 Exchange Drive 106 Vantage Point Drive
Wilmington,NC 28405(910) West Columbia,SC 29172
212-5858 https://enthalpy.com/ [phone]
http://www.shealylab.com
Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories Environmental 2425 TestAmerica—Sacramento
New Holland Pike 880 Riverside Parkway
Lancaster,PA 17601 (717) West Sacramento,CA 95605
656-2300 [phone]
http://www.lancasterlabs.com/ http://www.testamericainc.com
GEL Laboratories,LLC Vista Analytical Laboratory
2040 Savage Road 1104 Windfield Way
Charleston,SC 29407 El Dorado Hills,CA 95762
[phone] [phone]
http://www.gel.com http://www.vista-analytical.com
Gulf Coast Analytical Laboratories,
Inc.7979 Innovation Park Drive
Baton Rouge,LA 70820
[phone] http://www.gcal.com/
*denotes labs approved by NCDEQ-DWR to run the DoD compliant method regardless of accreditation status and/or are
approved to run a variation of the DoD method.
Laboratories that believe they run the DoD compliant method accurately and should be included on this
list shall contact Christyn Fertenbaugh via phone at 919-707-3625 or by email at
christyn.fertenbaugh ct ncdenr.gov.