19930619 Ver 1_Complete File_19930726

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health-and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
April 15, 1994 LR5
LLMEMOPANDuM _?
TO: Melba McGee, Policy Development WATER uY?Lr ?I®:?r -
FROM: Monica Swihar4l, Water Quality Planning
SUBJECT: Project Number 614; Western Boulevard Extension EA
The Division's Water Quality :Section has reviewed the subject
document. Our Division is responsible for the issuance of the
Section 401 Water Quality Certification for activities which impact
waters of the state including wetlands. On September 14, 1993, the
'Division issued a 401 Certification to the City of Raleigh to
impact the waters of Rocky Branch during the construction of the
Western Boulevard extension. Several important conditions were
added to the 401 Certification to protect water quality. These
conditions should be included in the EA, in order for the document
to be a complete record of the mitigation planned for this project.
Referencing the conditions in the 401 Certification would also
provide further assurances that the project planners intend to
comply with these conditions.
Pending completion of the environmental review process for
this document, DEM may need to reexamine our Certification to be
sure that no changes are warranted as a result of this review.
Thank you for the opportunity to provide comments.,
cc: John Dorney
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post-consumer paper
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources / • •
Division of Environmental Management
dft
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, , Secretary
H N F1
[D E
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
February 1, 1994 L E G,??
Mr. Stewart Sykes
r City of Raleigh Engineering Dept.
P.O. Box 590
Raleigh, N.C. 27602
Dear Mr. Sykes;
Re: 401 Certification for Western Boulevard extension
On 14 September 1993, Division of Environmental Management
issued a 401 Certification to the City of Raleigh to impact the
waters of Rocky Branch during the construction of the Western.
Boulevard extension. As you are aware, several important
conditions were added to protect water quality.
I understand that the City will be required to prepare an
Environmental Assessment(EA)with the Division of Land Quality for
this project. We look forward to participating with the City in
this process. After completion of the EA, DEM will need to
reexamine our Certification to be sure that no changes are
warranted as a result of analyses done for the EA.
Please call Mr. John Dorney of my staff at 733-1786 if you
have any questions.
Sincerely,
original signed BY
A. Preston Howard, Re
A. Preston Howard, Jr. P.E.
wblvd.
cc: Mel Nevils, Land Quality Section
Monica Swihart
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P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
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EASTERN EXTENSION OF WESTERN BOULEVARD
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
J11SttfiCat10p pled. J,jeed
The heed for Improvements to the east-west traffic
patterns of Weigh have long been recognized by the
City and State approvad whoroughfare flans. There are
currently two corridors handling the ensL-west traffic
flow! Illlisborough Street, and a corridor which extends
from Western Boulevard and posses through the streets of
the Boylan IleiyhLe neighborhood. 'I'ha existing corridors

?.,;5 wa?rl?
is
have immel:ous signalized Intersections, substantial
L•rnfflc'congestlon during peals travel [periods, congested
flow causing poor air quality, and unsafe residential ) wc,l a-W'O`^-

condlL•ions due to ilyi v e I i I c t i I a r LI:aCC Ic volumes. D*,-`t see _ Jo

'Era fGo studies .Indicate that this corridor capacity must W"IM-c ,-naz, ?
be increased to meet future demands. The Raleigh L -&jwv-"
Thoroughfare Tian, adopted by Lie City Council of Raleigh
and the State Department of Transportation, Includes the
extension of hlesLern Boulevard to address these problems.
Implementation of a major unl"Lerrupted east-west
LransportaL•lon facility from IJestern Boulevard to
tlartln l,til:her King Jr. Boulevard is crll•ical to the
overall gonle of encouraging bus and/or car pool
ridership, reducliq congestion, relieving trofflc volumes
on heavily travelledIlillsborough Street, providing safer
residential neighborhoods by reducing Lhrough traffic,
Improving travel conditions and responding to the demand
for travel to and from Upl•own Raleigh. Implementation
of the proposed facility provides a crosstown link from

the North Carolina State University campus to the
developing area in southeast ital.eigh aiid Is an actual
part of the plan for development of NCSH's Centennial
is.
MEMO
DATE:
TO: SUBJECT:
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North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health, and Natural Resources
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State of North Carolina UNPTF
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources - • •
Division of Land Resources
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor p E H N R
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary Charles Gardner, P.G., P.E.
Director and State Geologist _
d X71
January 7, 1994
JAN 12 I9:D?.
WETLANDS GROUP
MEMORANDUM WATER QUALITY SECTION
TO: MONICA SWIHART, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
DAVID YOW,'WILDLIFE RESOURCES COMMISSION
BILL FLOURNOY, OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENTS
BERRY-WILLIAMS, NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM
DARRELL McBANE, PARKS AND RECREATION
JOHN PARKER, COASTAL MANAGEMENT
STEWARD SYKES, CITY OF RALEIGH
FROM: JIM SIMONS, LAND QUALITY //y/
SUBJECT: WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION SCOPING MEETING
JANUARY 20, 1994
A scoping meeting will be held at 9:00 am on January 20 in
room 542A of the Archdale. Building to discuss issues for the
environment review document required by the State Environmental
Policy Act for the Western Boulevard extension in Raleigh.
Appropriate representation from your ag cies is requested-.
Please contact me at 733-4574 if you have any question
concerning this-meeting.
cc. Charles Gardner
Boyce Hudson
John Holley
Mell Nevils
Craig Deal
Geological Survey Section Land Quality Section Geodetic Survey Section
[phone] [phone] [phone]
FAX: [phone] FAX: [phone] FAX: [phone]
P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post-consumer paper
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
September 14, 1993
Stewart Sykes
City of Raleigh
Engineering Dept.
P.O. Box 590
Raleigh, N.C. 27602
Dear Mr. Sykes:
Subject: Proposed fill in Wetlands or Waters
Western Blvd. extension
Wake County
DEM Project.# 93619
UEHNR
Upon review of your request for 401 Water Quality Certification to place
fill material in 0.92 acres of wetlands or waters which are tributary to Rocky
Branch for Western Blvd. extension located at Western Blvd. Raleigh in Wake
County as described in your submittal dated 23 July & 9 September 1993, we
have determined that the proposed fill can be covered by General Water Quality
Certification No. 2671. A copy of the General Certification is attached.
This Certification may be used in qualifying for coverage under Corps of
Engineers' Nationwide Permit No. 26.
Additional conditions are that:
1.) vegetation planting must be done from the "Palette of
Plants-City of Raleigh",
2.) tree planting density must be no less than 320
trees/acre after 3 years or to replace existing tree
density as documented in writing to DEM and
3.) annual reports shall be sent to DEM for three years
regarding planting survival and replacement and stream
mitigation.
If this Certification is unacceptable to you, you have the right to an
adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following
receipt of this Certification. This request must be in the form of a written
petition conforming to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes and
filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Box 27447, Raleigh,
N.C. 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made, this Certification shall be
final and binding.
If you have any questions, please contact John Dorney at 919-733-1786.
Sincerely,
reston Howard, J P.E.
93619.1tr
Attachment
cc: Wilmington District Corps of Engineers
Corps of Engineers Raleigh Field Office
Raleigh DEM Regional Office
1"??. JuYin Dosrrey.?>
Central Files
Nancy White
Samir Bahho; City of Raleigh
P,O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
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were the ones responsible
sion. If we are, we need
rion that h-je-%?en issued.
e felt that the unusual
Jointed out before final
y for the EIS. We both
,as to have Land Quality
is that lead us to that
Ss3 G„?,

i navc jtjieard
requiring the
certainly add
issue. We n
the future.
, we would need to rescind our 401
a lead agency without a permit. This
act since our rules do not discuss r
tote that Oakley doesn't seem as
ds I am. He says we can probably get
that the City will sue to prevent the Dept. from
EIS. If we rescind before the suit, they will
the question of our authority to rescind in that
lay lose and find it difficult to rescind others in
If Land Quality is the lead agency, then we may not need to
rescind the 401, or at least could do it with fewer legal
entanglements. We could wait until any city suit was over,
then rescind the wit.
&47A, U
I'm not sure if any final decision has been made on who is the
lead agency. If it has already been decided that we are, then
please ask for some confirmation so we can rescind the
certification. If its not been decided, maybe the factors I've
mentioned should be considered by Division management.
Boyd'
i
Page 1
Note for Boyd DeVane
From: Boyd DeVane N
Date: Wed, Oct 6, 1993 2:15 PM
Subject: Western Blvd v
To: Greg Thorpe; Monica Swihart; Steve Tedder
Bill Flournoy finally returned and told me that the City of Raleigh received a copy of a letter
from Oakley to Edith last November that said that an environmental document (it seems to
say an EIS) was needed in the Western Blvd extension project. I have a copy and will send it
to you. Preston is also copied and we may have received a copy although it didn't look
familiar to me. It doesn't say who in EHNR is to do the document.
Q d i'
OCT -61993
tia.. WETLANDS GROUP
WATER OttA! ITV sFr.T1M
4V,.
LACY H. THORNBURG
ATTORNEY GENERAL
--MEMORANDUM--
P.O. BOX 629
RALEIGH
27602-0629
CC ?
Sd?... T
TO: Edythe McKinney
Assistant Secretary, Environmental Protection
THRU: Daniel C. Oakley
Special Deputy Attorney General
FROM: Donald W. Laton ,
Assistant Attorney Umperal
DATE: November 16, 1992
SUBJECT: N.C. Environmental Policy Act; Western Blvd. Project
In response to written inquiries made by citizens to the Attorney General's
Office and as a . follow up to subsequent conversations with Bill Flournoy and
personnel within the Division of Land Resources about the Western Boulevard
Extension Project . (the Project), the Environmental Protection Section (EPS)
offers this opinion for your consideration. .
Specifically, the following question has been posed: Whether an
environmental impact statement (EIS) pursuant to the N.C. Environmental Policy
Act, N.C. Gen. Stat. §113A-1 et seq. -should be issued by the North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources (DEHNR) for the
above-referenced project. The determination as to whether an EIS should be
issued is. DEHNR's. However, the EPS believes that circumstances exist which
require DEHNR to take all appropriate steps. in accordance with the North
Carolina Environmental Policy Act (the Act). which are prerequisites 'to making
the ultimate determination of significant environmental impact requiring
environmental documentation.
The Project is an exclusive undertaking of the City of Raleigh requiring
the submission of a sedimentation pollution control plan (Plan) to the Land
Quality Section of the Division of Land Resources within DEHNR for approval.
(The EPS has not investigated whether other state act ions may also be required,
but it is likely a §401 certification from DEM would be involved. Involvement
of state agencies other than DEHNR may occur and may affect responsibilities
? r5AMO?
s
State of North Carolina
Department of Justice
:..- .

An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer

Edythe McKinney
November 16, 1992
Page 2
under the Act.) Therefore, the expenditure of public moneys and the presence
of state action in the form of Plan approval cannot be realistically disputed.
As a result of the expenditure and action, DEHNR must . exercise its
responsibility to determine if the Project significantly affects the quality of the
environment of North Carolina. Upon making that determination, an
environmental document must issue. See G.S. 113A-4(2). The level of detail for
such environmental documentation is also a determination for DEHNR. See 1
N.C.A.C. 25; See also 15A N.C.A.C. 1C, "Conformity With North Carolina
Environmental Policy Act". (Street construction projects are not non-major
activity as defined by 15A N.C.A.C. 1C.0504. In other words, street
construction projects do not fall within the parameters of the minimum criteria
as an activity not routinely requiring environmental documentation under the
Act.)
The EPS further believes that the determination of significant
environmental impact should demonstrate consideration of the purpose of the
Act as set forth in G.S. 113A-2 and, consistency with North Carolina's
environmental policy which states:
"it shall be the continuing policy of the State of North
Carolina to conserve and protect its natural resources and to
create and maintain conditions under which man and nature
.can exist in productive harmony. Further it shall be the
policy of the State to seek, for all of its citizens, safe,
healthful, productive and aesthetically pleasing surroundings; to
attain the widest range of beneficial uses of the environment
without degradation, risk to health or safety; and to preserve
the important historic and cultural elements of our common
inheritance." G.S. 113A-3.
We appreciate this opportunity to consider this matter with you and are
available for further consultation as you deem , appropriate.
cc: Al Cole
Eugene Smith
Charles Gardner
Preston Howard
Bill Flournoy
Chrys Baggett
ep:eiscitngry.dl
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., RE., Director
Stewart Sykes
City of Raleigh Engineering Dept.
P.O. Box 590
Raleigh, N.C. 27602
Dear Mr. Sykes;
" 71:,A
ID EHNR
Re: 401 Certification for Western Boulevard extension
On 14 September 1993, The Division of Environmental.
Management issued a 401 Certification to the City of Raleigh to
impact the waters of Rocky Branch during the construction of the
Western Boulevard extension. As you are aware, several important
conditions were added to protect water quality.
I understand that the city will be required to prepare an
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) with the Division of Land
Quality for this project. We look forward to participating with.
the City in this process. After completion of the EIS DEM will
need to reexamine our Certification to be sure that no changes
are warranted as a result of analyses done for the EIS.
Please call Mr. John Dorney of my staff at 733-1786 if you
have any questions.
Sincerely,
A. Preston Howard,
wblvd.
cc: Mel Nevils, Land Quality Section
Monica Swih.art

Jr. P.E.
F
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post-consumer paper
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Phone L J /C/ 3033)
AREA CODE NUMBER EXTENSION
Message
??CL-rA Signe
--? p
TELEPHONED PLEASE CALL
CALLED TO SEE YOU WILL CALL AGAIN
WANTS TO SEE YOU URGENT
RETURNED YOUR CALL Ctj:
N.C. nd Nat ral Re
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Dept. of Environment H?It n `'
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Pr to n Recycled Paper

City Of (Raleigh
Vorth Carolina
September 9, 1993
MR. John Dorney
N.C. Department of Environment,
Health, and Natural Resources,
Division of Environment-Water
Quality Planning
Post Office Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
Subject: Application for Section 401 Certification-
Western Boulevard Extension
Dear Mr. Dorney:
Reference is made to the City of Raleigh's application for Section
401 Certification of July 22, 1993 concerning the Extension of
Western Boulevard and more specifically to the telephone
conversation between you and Samir Bahho of my staff and between
you and myself regarding the plant species and plant density
included in the landscape plan for the Western Boulevard Extension
project along the relocation area of Rocky Branch.
The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) previously signed a
Memorandum Of Agreement (MOA) for the construction of Western
Boulevard Extension. The City of Raleigh is a concurring party to
that agreement. The City, in compliance with the MOA, is committed
to planting a wide variety of trees and shrubs on the Eastern
Extension of Western Boulevard. A Palette of Plants is attached to
the MOA as Appendix C and is a part of the MOA. The Palette of
Plants will be used as a basis for the city developing, in
consultation with SHPO, a final landscape plan and plant materials
list which will specify the particular location and types of plant
materials chosen for the project. In addition to routine
maintenance, the City is committed, according to the MOA, to
OFFICES • 222 WEST HARGETT STREET • RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27602
Recycled Paper
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replace, in-kind, any plant materials damaged or lost within three
(3) years of installation (see MOA Item 2B, attachment No. 6
submitted with the application for Section 401 Certification). A
copy of the Palette of Plants is attached.
The Raleigh Historic Districts Commission (RHDC) approved and
issued a Certificate of Appropriateness for the Western Boulevard
Extension project subject to 13 conditions. Conditions 5 and 6
address the landscape plans. Condition No. 6 reads "That the final
landscape plan incorporates replacement of that amount of trees
equal to the number removed, providing a wide variety of
appropriate species, and locating trees as close as possible to
the road as North Carolina Department of Transportation's
Guidelines allow". The city is committed to addressing the
landscape issue and incorporate the conditions of the COA in the
design and construction of the project. (see COA condition 5 and
6, attachment #4 submitted with the application for Section 401
Certification).
With the exception of a narrow strip along Rocky Branch, a meadow
covers the area south of the creek stretching over to the plain
and hill south of the greenway and beyond Dorothea Dix Hospital
buildings. During several meetings with Dorothea Dix Hospital
officials, they indicated the desire to keep the area directly
south of the relocated creek and through the relocated greenway up
to the southern edge of the project construction limits open and
maintain the meadow landscape there for the health and safety of
their patients. The subject of patients attempting to hide their
escape was also discussed.
The landscape design of the project is still in the conceptual
phase. The City, working with the members of Boylan Heights
Association and the Dorothea Dix Hospital, will develop a final
landscape plan to be submitted for SHPO and RHDC approvals. The
final landscape plan will specify plant locations and species. The
plans will incorporate replacement of that amount of trees equal
to the number removed, providing a wide variety of appropriate
species reflecting the City commitment to apply the above stated
MOA stipulations and COA conditions to the design and construction
of the Western Boulevard Extension project. The City, through a
landscape contractor or by alternate means will address landscape
maintenance and the issue of three (3) years replacement of
damaged or lost plants.
Attached to this letter is an aerial photo showing the existing
landscape and tree distribution along Rocky Branch and the
adjacent areas of Dorothea Dix and Boylan Heights. The plan also
shows an overlay of the proposed roadway, relocated creek and
greenway. The plan has been prepared to assist you in assessing
the City commitment to landscape the project by planting the
number of trees equal to the number removed by construction.
4
I hope that the City commitment to landscape the project as stated
above will satisfy your requirements of species and density for
the purpose of Section 401 Certification.
We will be happy to provide you with a copy of the final landscape
plan once approved. If you have further questions, please feel
free to call me or Mr. Samir Bahho, Project Engineer, at 890-3030.
ewas J. Sykes, P.E.
City ngineer
SJS/sb
cc. Mr. G. Wayne Wright,
Chief, Regulatory Branch
Department of the Army
Wilmington District, Corps of Engineers
Post Office Box 1890
Wilmington, North Carolina 28402-1890
Ms. Renee Gledhill-Earley
Environmental Review Coordinator
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
109 E. Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27611
Mr. William R. Butler, Jr., P.E.
Rummel, Klepper & Khal
5800 Faringdon Place, Suite 105
Raleigh, North Carolina 27609
Mr. Stan Williams
Landscape Architect
Park Drive Studios
1715 Park Drive
Raleigh, North Carolina 27605
Mr. Dan Becker, Executive Director, Raleigh Historic Districts
Commission
Mr. Samir W. Bahho, P.E., Project Engineer
File ' (3 )

PALETTE OF PLANTS
CITY OF RALEIGH
WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
LARGE DECIDUOUS SHADE,TREES
Common Name Botanical Name
Red Maple - Native
Red Maple - 'October Glory'
Red Maple - 'Red Sunset'
Red Maple - 'Armstrong'
Red Maple - 'Bowhall'
Willow Oak
Pin Oak
Laurel Oak
Northern Red Oak
Sawtooth Oak
Shumard Oak
Ash-'Marshall Seedless'(Male only)
Ginkgo - (Male only)
Londonplane
Zelkova - 'Village Green'
Hackberry
Chinese Elm
River birch - 'Heritage'
Tuliptree
Sycamore
Swamp White Oak
Sugar Hackberry - 'All Seasons'
Sweetgum.- 'Rotundiloba'
Baldcypress
Pond Cypress
Weeping Willow
Sweetgun (natural areas)
Green Ash (natural areas)
River Birch (natural areas)
Acer rubrum
Acer rubrum 'October Glory'
Acer rubrum 'Red Sunset'
Acer rubrum 'Armstrong'
Acer rubrum 'Bowhall'
Quercus phellos
Quercus palustris
Quercus•laurifolia
Quercus borealis
Quercus acutissima
Quercus shumardi
Fraxinus lanceolata 'Marshall Seedless'
Ginkgo biloba
Platanus acerifolia
Zelkova serrata 'Village Green'
Celtis occidentalis
Ulmus parvifolia
Betula nigra 'Heritage'
Liriodendron tulipfera
Platanus occidentalis
Quercus bicolor
Celtis laevigata 'All Seasons'
Liquidambar styraciflua 'Rotundiloba'
Taxodium distichum
Taxodium ascendens
Salix babylonica
Liquidambar styraciflua
Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Betula nigra
LARGE EVERGREEN TREES
Common Name
Pine - Loblolly
Pine - Virginia
Red Cedar ,
Live Oak
Southern Magnolia - cultivars
Leyland Cypress
Botanical Name
Pinus taeda
Pinus virginiana
Juniperus virginiana
Quercus virginiana
Magnolia grandiflora - cultivars
Cupressocyparis leylandii
MEDUIM TO SMALL SIZED DECIDOUS TREES
Common Name Botanical Name
Hedge Maple - genetic variation Acer campestre
Wax Myrtle Myrica ceri£era

American Hornbeam/Ironwood
Crapemyrtle - US National
Arboretum mildew resistant
Redbud
Kousa Dogwood
Flowering Dogwood
Yoshino Cherry
Pear - 'Bradford'
(plan on a service life of
Crabapple - 'Adirondack'
Crabapple - 'Centurion'
Crabapple - 'Prarifire
Crabapple - 'Callaway'
Redbud - 'Oklahoma'
Redbud - 'Reninformis'
Pistache
rage 2 of 3
Carpinus caroliniana
Lagerstroemia indica
varieties
Cercis canadensis
Cornus kousa
Cornus florida
Prunus yeodensis
Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford'
15 - 20 years)
Malus 'Adirondack'
Malus 'Centurion'
Malus 'Prarifire'
Malus 'Callaway'
Cercis canadersis 'Oklahoma'
Cercis canadersis 'Reninformis'
Pistacia chinensis
MEDIUM TO SMALL SIZED EVERGREEN TREES
Common Name Botanical Name
Greenleaf Holly Ilex opaca 'Greenleaf'
Burford Holly Ilex cornuta 'Burfordi'
Nellie Stevens Holly Ilex cornuta 'Nellie R.
Savannah Holly Ilex opaca 'Savannah'
Wax Myrtle Myrica cerifera
Japanese Black Pine Pinus thunbergii
Pistache Pistacia chinensis
Sweet Bay Magnolia Virginiana
MEDIUM TO LARGE SHRUBS
Common Name
Evergreen
Wintergreen Barberry
Solverthorn
Dwarf Burford Holly
Burford Holly
Nellie Stevens' Holly
Yaupon
Ligustrum species
Wax Myrtle
Pfitzer Juniper
Botanical Name
Berberis julianae
Eleagnus pungens
Ilex comuta 'burfordii
Ilex comuta 'burfordii
Ilex comuta 'burfordii
Ilex vomitoria
Ligustrum sp.
Myrica cerifera
Stevens'
nana
Nellie Stevens
Juniperis chinensis pfitzeriana
Deciduous
Japanese Barberry
Spirea species
Forsythia species
Vibumum species
Berberis thunbergii
Spiria sp.
Forsythis sp.
Vibumum sp.
3q3
SMALL TO MEDIUM SHRUBS
Common Name
Evergreen
Botanical Name
Carissa Holly Ilex cornuta 'carissa'
Dwarf Horned Holly Ilex cornuta 'rotunda'
Dwarf Yaupon Ilex vomitoria 'nana'
Parson Juniper Juniperus davurica
Abelia - cultivars Abelia grandiflora - cultivars
Deciduous
Winter Jasmine Jasminimum nudiflorum
bd/CE.23
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DEM ID: 1 ACTION ID:
Nationwide Permit Requested.(Provide Nationwide Permit #):
JOINT FORM FOR
Nationwide permits that require notification to the Corps of Engineers
Nationwide permits that require application for Section 401 certification
WILMINGTON DISTRICT ENGINEER
CORPS OF ENGINEERS
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
P.O. Box 1890
Wilmington, NC 28402-1890
ATTN: CESAW-CO-E
Telephone [phone]
WATER QUALITY PLANNING
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENT
NC DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRC
AND NATURAL RESOURCES
P.O. Boy. 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
ATTN: MR..iOHN DORNEY
Telephone [phone]
eri?; ?° -
231993
ONE (1) COPY OF THIS COMPLETED APPLICATION SHOULD BE SENT TO THE CORPS O
SEVEN (7) COPIES SHOULD BE SENT TO THE N.C. DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT.
PLEASE PRINT.
1. Owners Name: City of Raleigh
2. Owners Address: P.O. Box 590, Raleigh, NC 27602
3. Owners Phone Number (Home): N/A
(Work): 890-3030
4. If Applicable: Agent's name or responsible corporate official, address, phone number:
Stewart J. Sykes
.City of Raleigh, 222 W. Hargett Street
Raleigh, NC 27602 Tel: [phone]
5. Location of work (MUST ATTACH MAP). County: Wake (see Vicinity Map on Attachment 2)
Nearest TownorCity: Inside Raleigh City Limits
Specific Location (Include road numbers, landmarks, etc.): Western Boulevard from a point near
Morehead School to Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard at the intersection
with South Blount Street.
6. Name of Closest Stream/River: Rocky Branch
7. River Basin: Neuse River Basin
8. Is this project located in a watershed classified as Trout, SA, HQW, ORW, WS I, or WS II? YES [ ] NO ]
9. Have any Section 404 permits been previously requested for use on this property? YES [ ] NO [X]
If yes, explain.
10. Estimated total number of acres of waters of the U.S., including wetlands, located on project site: 0.9 2 acres
11. Number of acres of waters of the U.S., including wetlands, impacted by the proposed project:
Filled:
0.92 acres
Drained:
N/A
Flooded: N/A
Excavated: N/A
Total Impacted: 0.92 acres
12. Description of proposed work (Attach PLANS-8 1/2" X 11" drawings only): See Attachment- l
13. Purpose of proposed work: See Attachment 1
14. State reasons why the applicant believes that this activity must be carried out in wetlands. Also, note measures
taken to minimize wetland impacts. See Attachment 1
15. You are required to contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and/or National Marine Fisheries Service
(NMFS) regarding the presence or any Federally listed or proposed for listing endangered or threatened species or critical
habitat in the permit area that may be affected by the proposed project. Have you done so? . YES[ ] NO [x]
RESPONSES FROM THE USFWS AND/OR NMFS SHOULD BE FORWARDED TO CORPS.
16. You are required to contact the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) regarding the presence of historic
properties in the permit area which may be affected by the proposed project? Have you done so? YES [? ] NO [ ]
RESPONSE FROM THE SHPO SHOULD BE FORWARDED TO CORPS.
17. Additional information required by DEM:
A. Wetland delineation map showing all wetlands, streams, and lakes on the property.
B. If available, representative photograph of wetlands to be impacted by project.
C. If delineation was performed by a consultant, include all data sheets relevant to the placement of the
delineation line.
D. If a stormwater management plan is required for this project, attach copy.
E. What is land use of surrounding property? Residential & Institutional
F. If applicable, what is proposed method of sewage disposal? N /A

VV\
'313
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3
CITY OF RALEIGH.
PROPOSED WESTERN BOULEVARD
APPLICATION FOR SECTION 401
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
EXTENSION
CERTIFICATION
ATTACHMENT #1 RESPONSE TO QUESTIONS 12-14 OF THE APPLICATION
ATTACHMENT #2 24X36 WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION PLANS
ATTACHMENT #2A 8.5X11 WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION PLANS
ATTACHMENT #3 WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION CHRONOLOGY
ATTACHMENT #4 CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS
ATTACHMENT #5 LETTER FROM ACOE CONCERNING 404 PERMIT
ATTACHMENT #6 : MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
ATTACHMENT #7 : LETTER FROM THE MANAGER OF THE STATEWIDE PLANNING
BRANCH WITH NCDOT
ATTACHMENT #8 : BIOLOGICAL AND WETLAND STUDY OF ROCKY BRANCH/
WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
ATTACHMENT #9 : LETTER ADDRESSING ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS ON ROCKY
BRANCH/ WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
ATTACHMENT #10 : ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF PROPOSED EXTENSION OF
WESTERN BOULEVARD
ATTACHMENT #11 : GUIDELINES FOR MOUNTAIN STREAM RELOCATIONS IN
NORTH CAROLINA
ATTACHMENT 412 : LETTER FROM NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN
RESOURCES ADDRESSING WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
ALIGNMENT
ATTACHMENT #13 : WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION INFORMATION
PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
ATTACHMENT # 1
CITY OF RALEIGH
ROPOSED WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
APPLICATION FOR SECTION 401 CERTIFICATION
RESPONSE TO ITEM 12 OF THE APPLICATION
(SEE ATTACHMENT' 42)
This project involves the construction of the eastern extension of
Western Boulevard from west of Hunt Drive to South Blount Street .
The Project begins in the vicinity of the Governor Morehead School
on existing Western Boulevard, crosses under the existing Southern
Railroad Bridge and follows eastwardly along the general alignment
of the existing Dorothea Drive and Rocky Branch, a tributary of
Walnut Creek. The Project then crosses South Saunders Street, the
Dawson/ McDowell Street Connector and connects to South Blount
Street at Martin Luther King Jr., Boulevard.
Generally, the project in the area of concern will be four traffic
lanes with a 30-foot grassed median, 4-foot gutter on the outer
sides of the pavement and grassed shoulders. The overall length of
the project is 1.45 miles.
RESPONSE TO ITEM 13 OF THE APPLICATION
(SEE ATTACHMENTS 42,3 AND 13)
The Western Boulevard Extension Project was a part of Raleigh's
first Thoroughfare Plan in 1959 approved by the City of Raleiah
and the North Carolina Department of Transportation. The project
was reapproved as a part of Thoroughfare Plan by the City Council
in 1967, 1977 and 1987.
The proposed extension of Western Boulevard will connect to the
second phase of the Martin Luther King, Jr., Boulevard completed
in July 1992. Along with the first section of Martin Luther King,
Jr., Boulevard completed in 1990, the Western Boulevard Extension
will provide a continuous east-west traffic facility connecting
the residential/commercial developments in the Poole Road area to
the east and the Jones Franklin Road/Buck Jones Road area to the
west.
Implementation of a major uninterrupted east-west transportation
corridor from Western Boulevard to Martin Luther King, Jr.,
Boulevard is critical to the overall goal of reducing east-west
traffic through the Downtown area and Boylan Heiahts
neighborhood. For commuters and travelers, the east-west connector
will provide for future traffic, improve existing traffic
conditions and respond to the demand for travel to and from
Downtown Raleigh.
1 of 3
CITY OF RALEIGH
PROPOSED WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
APPLICATION FOR SECTION 401 CERTIFICATION
The existing corridor handling the east-west traffic flow passes
through the interior street system of the Downtown area and Boylan
Heights neighborhood and has numerous signalized intersections.
Substantial traffic congestion during peak travel periods. and
congested flow cause poor air quality. Unsafe, undesirable
residential conditions are created by high vehicular traffic
volumes and use of a street system originally designed to serve a
residential neighborhood. Traffic studies indicate that this
corridor capacity must be increased to meet future demands. The
Raleigh Thoroughfare Plan, adopted by the City of Raleigh and the
State Department of Transportation, included the extension of
western Boulevard to address these problems.
RESPONSE TO ITEM 14 OF THE APPLICATION
(SEE ATTACHMENTS 42,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10.11,12 AND 13)
The proposed alignment for the Western Boulevard Extension passes
through two historic districts. Dix Hill and Boylan Heights. The
alignment selection is the end product of an extensive design
review and approval process which examined four potential
corridors in detail. This process culminated in the selection and
approval of a fifth alignment combining characteristics of two of
the initial study corridors. The fifth alignment tries to strike
a balance and minimize the impact on Rocky Branch as well as the
Dix Hill and Boylan Heights Historic districts.
The extension of Western Boulevard as presently proposed will
require realignment of 2200 linear feet of Rocky Branch. The
length of the stream associated with the project is 4500 linear
feet.
The proposed channel modification is designed with a two-stage
channel. The lower or sub-channel provides the thalwea for average
stream flow; the upper channel is designed to contain the rainfall
estimated to occur once in ten years (10-year storm). The thalwea
is designed with meanders and convolutions approximating the
existing stream in length and slope. Rock deflectors along the
banks of the sub-channel will stabilize the meander location:
variations in stream slope will produce riffles and pools. Rock
dams (areas where rock is placed across the channel to form small
pools) will stabilize and maintain the channel slope. Rip rap
stone or other suitable material will be used to stabilize the
upper channel side slopes at stream bends and areas where water
velocities would encourage erosion.
The rip rap, rock dams and rock deflectors will be sized and
placed in the stream bed. Vegetation will be planted on both sides
of the stream. Trees will be planted adjacent to the upper edge of
the stream bank to encourage re-establishment of the tree canopy
2 OF 3
CITY OF RALEIGH
PROPOSED WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
APPLICATION FOR SECTION 401 CERTIFICATION
along the stream. Native trees such as birch, ash willow, and
others will be used to grow quickly to begin this process.
These procedures and design parameters are in keeping with the
"Guidelines for Stream Relocation" published by the North Carolina
Division of Inland Fisheries. It is the intent of these procedures
to: (1) provide a modified waterway adequate for a reasonable
design rainfall and flood, (2) maintain or improve the stream
water quality and (3) develop stream characteristics that are
approaching natural conditions and are aesthetically acceptable.
The City of Raleigh submitted an application for a Certificate of
Appropriateness to the Raleigh Historic Districts Commission on
August 3, 1992. The commission received information/public
testimony and reviewed the application (5 meetings/31 hours) and
approved the application with conditions on October 11, 1992. The
Raleigh Historic Districts Commission approved a modification of
the Certificate of Appropriateness March 1, 1993. The City has
reviewed the project design to incorporate the conditions that
require changes in design. Provisions will be provided in the
contract document to comply with the remaining conditions during
the contract execution.
The State Historic Preservation office signed a Memorandum of
Agreement for the Western Boulevard Extension on July 8,1993. The
MOA is in the process of review for approval by the City Council.
Both the COA and the MOA address minimizing the impact of the
project on Rocky Branch as well as the Boylan Heights and Dix Hill
Historic Districts.
3 OF 3

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PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION CHRONOLOGY
ATTACHMENT # 3
WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION CHRONOLOGY
1959 PART OF RALEIGH'S FIRST THOROUGHFARE PLAN
1967 REAPPROVED ON UPDATED THOROUGHFARE PLAN FOLLOWING
PUBLIC HEARING
1977 REAPPROVED ON UPDATED THOROUGHFARE PLAN FOLLOWING
PUBLIC HEARING
11/6/84 1984 CITY ROAD BOND REFERENDUM APPROVED BY RALEIGH
CITY VOTERS INCLUDED EASTERN BOULEVARD (POOLE-ROCK
QUARRY) NOW KNOWN AS MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.
BOULEVARD, A PART OF THE WESTERN BOULEVARD CORRIDOR
7/1/86- LAW AND FINANCE COMMITTEE AND CITY COUNCIL
12/16/86 DISCUSSIONS OF BOYLAN HEIGHTS TRAFFIC PROBLEMS
RESULTING IN CITY COUNCIL DIRECTION TO CONDUCT THE
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN STUDY
3/17/87 REAPPROVED BY CITY COUNCIL ON UPDATED THOROUGHFARE
PLAN FOLLOWING PUBLIC HEARING
4/7/87 TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM SUBMITTED TO
NCDOT BY CITY COUNCIL REQUESTING THEIR PARTICIPATION
OR SUPPORT ON FUNDING WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
7/21/87 CITY COUNCIL PUBLIC HEARING ON THE ROAD BOND
REFERENDUM WHICH INVITED COMMENT ON ALL PROPOSED
PROJECTS INCLUDING THE EXTENSION OF WESTERN
BOULEVARD.
10/6/87 1987 CITY ROAD BOND REFERENDUM WHICH INCLUDED THE
EXTENSION OF WESTERN BOULEVARD APPROVED BY RALEIGH
CITY VOTERS
5/17/88 ADOPTION BY CITY COUNCIL OF FIVE-YEAR CAPITAL
IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM, WHICH INCLUDED WESTERN
BOULEVARD FUNDING
8/10/88 PLANS REVIEW MEETING WITH NC DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN
RESOURCES
9/28/88 PLANS REVIEW MEETING WITH NC DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN
RESOURCES
2/7/89 CITY COUNCIL PRESENTED WITH PRELIMINARY LOCATION
STUDY AND ALTERNATIVES EVALUATION REPORT PREPARED BY
THE RK&K CONSULTANT
3/16/89 PLANS REVIEW MEETING WITH RALEIGH APPEARANCE
COMMISSION
1
001,
WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION CHRONOLOGY
3/22/89 PLANS REVIEW MEETING WITH THE BOYLAN HEIGHTS
ASSOCIATION
3/29/89 PLANS REVIEW MEETING WITH FAMILIES AND FRIENDS IN
ALLIANCE FOR THE MENTALLY ILL
3/30/89 PLANS REVIEW MEETING WITH HISTORIC PROPERTIES
COMMISSION
4/11/89 SECOND PLANS REVIEW MEETING WITH RALEIGH APPEARANCE
COMMISSION(FIELD TRIP)
4/11/89 PLANS REVIEW MEETING WITH CENTRAL PRISON
REPRESENTATIVES
4/18/89 PUBLIC HEARING TO ALLOW CITIZEN REVIEW AND COMMENTS
ON ALTERNATIVES
7/20/89 ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW REPORT PRESENTED TO CITY
COUNCIL IN WORK SESSION
10/5/89 CITY COUNCIL APPROVED WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
ALIGNMENT A-5 (A-4 MODIFIED); CITY MANAGER
AUTHORIZED TO NEGOTIATE DESIGN CONTRACT
11/21/89 REAPPROVED BY CITY COUNCIL ON ADOPTION OF
COMPREHENSIVE PLAN FOLLOWING PUBLIC HEARING
1/31/90 RUMMEL, KLEPPER AND KAHL, CONSULTING ENGINEERS
CONTRACTED TO DO DETAILED CONSTRUCTION PLANS
2/5/91 PUBLIC HEARING TO RECEIVE CITIZEN COMMENTS ON
ADOPTION OF AN INITIATIVE ORDINANCE SUBMITTED
PURSUANT TO RALEIGH CITY CHARTER SECTION 2.16
2/19/91 CITY COUNCIL CONSIDERATION OF INITIATIVE ORDINANCE
8/6/91 CITY COUNCIL ESTABLISHED WESTERN BOULEVARD COMMITTEE
10/8/91 CITIZENS VOTE AND DEFEAT THE INITIATIVE ORDINANCE
2/20/92 REVIEW DESIGN W/EMPHASIS ON DAWSON/MCDOWELL STREET
BRIDGE WITH THE APPEARANCE COMMISSION
6/30/92 DESIGN PUBLIC MEETING
8/3/92 RALEIGH HISTORIC DISTRICTS COMMISSION BEGAN PUBLIC
HEARINGS TO CONSIDER THE CITY OF RALEIGH'S
APPLICATION FOR A CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS TO
CONSTRUCT WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
2
000,
WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION CHRONOLOGY
8/4/82 CITY COUNCIL APPROVED WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
PLAN AND PASSED A RESOLUTION TO REFER THE ITEM OF
NOISE WALLS TO ADMINISTRATION TO PROVIDE SUGGESTED
CRITERIA AS TO WHEN THE CITY WOULD USE NOISE WALLS
8/19/92 MEETING WITH DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, CENTRAL
PRISON TO DISCUSS WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION IMPACT
ON CENTRAL PRISON ACCESS
10/11/92 RALEIGH HISTORIC DISTRICTS COMMISSION APPROVED, WITH
CONDITIONS, THE APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATE OF
APPROPRIATENESS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF WESTERN
BOULEVARD EXTENSION
11/2/92 START OF REDESIGN FOR ALIGNMENT SHIFT TO CONFORM
WITH THE CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS CONDITIONS
12/8/92 CITY COUNCIL ADOPTED A RESOLUTION TO DELETE ALL
PLANS FOR NOISE WALLS ON WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
AND ASKED ADMINISTRATION TO TAKE APPROPRIATE STEPS
TO GAIN THE HISTORIC DISTRICTS COMMISSION AND THE
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE'S APPROVAL
2/8/93 AS A RESULT OF AN APPEAL, THE RALEIGH BOARD OF
ADJUSTMENT VOTED TO AFFIRM THE DECISION OF THE
RALEIGH HISTORIC DISTRICTS COMMISSION FOR APPROVAL
OF THE CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS
3/1/93 THE RALEIGH HISTORIC DISTRICTS COMMISSION APPROVED
THE CITY'S REQUEST TO AMEND THE?CERTIFICATE OF
APPROPRIATENESS BY DELETING THE NOISE WALL IN THE
BOYLAN HEIGHTS HISTORIC DISTRICT REPLACING IT WITH A
FENCE
3/3/93 MEETING WITH REPRESENTATIVES OF DORETHEA DIX
HOSPITAL AND STATE HUMAN RESOURCES TO DISCUSS THE
31' ALIGNMENT SHIFT, THE SUBJECT OF CONDITION NO. 1
OF THE CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS
7/8/93 STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE SIGNED AND SEND
THE MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT TO THE CITY FOR COUNCIL
CONCURRENCE
3
l

PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
ATTACHMENT # 4
CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS FOR
WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION ISSUED BY RALEIGH
HISTORIC DISTRICTS COMMISSION (ORIGINALLY ISSUED
ON OCTOBER 11, 1992 AND MODIFIED ON MARCH 1, 1993)
MR.RADER (RHDC MEMBER) MOVED THAT THE COMMISSION TAKE THE
FOLLOWING ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THE APPLICANT'S REQUEST FOR A
CERTIFICATE OF APPROPRIATENESS AS AMENDED:
-Approve the moving of the "Doctor's House" , effective
October 11, 1992, and the demolition of the ca, 1985 quadruplex
and the demolition of the carport at the 711 outbuilding all
effective October 11, 1992 (365 day demolition delay period
waived)';
-Approve the demolition of the historic outbuildings at 711,
713 and 715 Dorothea Drive, all effective October 11, 1993;
-Approve the demolition of the Dix Hill bridge and associated
wall, effective October 11, 1993;
-Approve the proposed Western Boulevard extension in concept
and the balance of the application subject to the following
conditions:
1. That the distance from the.fence to the back of the house
closest to the proposed alignment shall be a minimum of the
30 foot rear yard zoning setback plus the average width of
the neighborhood alleys, with the goal of the average rear
yard depth plus the average neighborhood alley width,
whichever is greater.
2. That a fence be erected and that the applicant work with
staff and members of the neighborhood association to develop
a final fence design, integrated with the landscaping plan;
the fence shall protect pedestrians, children, and.animals
from potential hazards created by the roadway; reduce the
effects of debris and pollution; screen objectionable views;
create a sense of privacy and security; provide a
transitional boundary in order to resolve differences in
scale.
3. That the applicant work with staff to develop a more
gently curving transition in the western end of Dorothea
Drive; the final design to be submitted to the commission for
review and approval.
4. That the applicant work with staff to develop a specific
design for the re-creation of the Dix Hill bridge and its
associated semi-circular stone entrance wall; the final
design and location to be submitted to the commission for
review and approval.
5. That the applicant work with staff to develop a detailed
final landscape design demonstrating that the intent to
restore the natural grove-like character of the southern edge
of the historic district as viewed from the hill on the north
is achieved, integrated with the fence design and Rocky
Branch relocation design; the final design to be submitted to
the commission for review and approval.
6. That the final landscape plan incorporates replacement of
that amount of trees equal to the number removed, providing a
wide variety of appropriate species, and locating trees as
close as possible to the road as North Carolina Department of
Transportation's Guidelines allow.
7. That samples and test mock-ups of materials to be used in
the Dix Hill entrance bridge and associated wall, the fence,
the median safety barrier at the railroad bridge pier,
sidewalks, and curbs be reviewed and approved by staff prior
to construction for conformance with the special color and
textural character of the historic district.
8. That the street lighting should be designed to be an
integral part of the landscape plan and to illuminate the
roadway while not disturbing the neighborhood.
9. That all efforts be made to reduce the width of paving,
including consideration of grassed breakdown lanes.
10. That the final plans for pedestrian access across Western
Boulevard be provided.
11. That the final plans will provide information regarding
the traffic pattern of Dorothea Drive east of Boylan Avenue
after completion of the proposed extension.
12. That all efforts be made to reduce the impact of the
project on Rocky Branch and the habitat it creates.
13. The Commission further recommends that the design for
areas of the project contiguous to but not located within the
historic district be consistent with designs approved for the
historic district so that the project as a whole is cohesive
and maintains continuity.
The Raleigh Historic Districts Commission issued their initial
decision on October, 11, 1992 by a 6/1 vote and the modification,
on March 1, 1993 by an 8/0 vote.
PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
f
ATTACHMENT # 5
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMT
WILMINGTON DISTRICT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
P.O. BOX 1890 1 f
WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890
March 5, 1991 r.
IN REPLY REFER TO
Regulatory Branch
SUBJECT: CESAW-C091-P-092
Mr. Stewart J. Sykes, P.E.
Assistant City Engineer
City of Raleigh
292 Worst Hargett Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27602
Dear Mr. Sykes:
Thank you for your inquiry of January 16, 1991, regarding Department of
the Army authorization for your proposed extension of Western Boulevard from
Cabarrus Street to Blount Street, involving the relocation of Rocky Branch
above its headwaters, in Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina.
The Corps of Engineers' regulatory jurisdiction, pursuant to Section 404
of the Clean Water Act, manages the placement of excavated or fill material
into waters of the United States, including wetlands. Such work, including
road construction and the placement of fill material to divert a.waterway,
must be permitted by Department of the Army authorization before it is begun.
Based on the information you have provided and an inspection of the
proposed project site by Mr. Eric Alsmeyer of my Raleigh Field Office staff,
your current proposal, involving adverse modification to less than an acre of
waters and wetlands, may be authorized by a nationwide permit in our
regulations (33 CFR 330.5(a)(26)]. However, the North Carolina Department of
Cultural Resources has determined that the project will have an adverse effect
on properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Accordingly, the project must comply with Special Condition (9) of the
nationwide permits before the proposed work can proceed under this
authorization. This condition requires coordination with the Advisory Council
on Historic Preservation, and requires that the agency be afforded the
opportunity to comment on the effects of the proposal. It will be necessary
for you to prepare draft stipulations for a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA), in
consultation with the Corps of Engineers and the State Historic Preservation
Officer, which will outline mitigative actions for the project (refer to
36 CFR Part 800 for guidance concerning development of the MOA). Upon
submittal of the MOA, we will proceed in accordance with Section 106 of the
National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 as amended.
-2-
Questions or comments may be addressed to Mr. Alsmeyer at telephone (919)
846 8?4?.
( 9 I'V 97(, -- 9 / 30 Sincerely,

G. Wayne Wright
Chief, Regulatory Branch
Copies Furnished:
Ms. Renee Gledhill-Early
Environmental Review Coordinator
North Carolina Department of Cultural
Resources
109 East Jones Street
Mr. William R. Butler, Jr., P.E.
Rummel, Klepper & Kahl
5800 Faringdon Place, Suite 105
Raleigh, North Carolina 27609
Raleigh, North Carolina 27601-2807
Nancy M. White
402 W. Park St.
Cary, N.C. 27511
July 2, 1992
Mr. Stewart Sykes, Asst. City Engineer
City of Raleigh, Engineering Office
P.O. Box 590
Raleigh, N.C. 27602
Dear Mr. Sykes,
I am writing to comment specifically on the relocation design for the segments of
Rocky Branch in the path of the proposed new portion of Western Boulevard in Boylan
Heights and through Dix Hospital grounds.
Upon reviewing the plans Tuesday, June 30,1992; I would like to make the
following observations.
First, the existing branch is covered by approximately 90%-95% plant cover. The
upper cover provides shade while the macrophytic community provides filtering functions.
Both provide nutrient exchange, and habitat. The relocation design, while it does show
some replanting, it does not re-construct the existing conditions. I am concerned about the
effects of thermal pollution and the increased light levels in the relocation design. It may
render the habitat unsuitable for reproduction and feeding for the organisms that normally
inhabit this order of stream and encourage a re-structuring of the community.
Secondly, while I have been told that the water quality in Rocky Branch was tested
and was deemed to be poor, it seems that this may be due to upstream management
practices, and the portion under consideration may be significant in the mitigation of those
practices. The terrestrial--aquatic interface, the aquatic surface area, and the flood zone are
reduced in the relocation design, and the alteration of filtering mechanisms and habitat may
result in loss of important organisms.
Thirdly, I am concerned that hydrologic and biologic alterations in this portion of
the stream will affect systems downstream. Base and flood flow levels could change, and
the impacts need to be quantified.
It is possible that an increase in heat and light combined with a re-structuring of the
biological community may have an impact on water quality. It is also possible that a
change in flow regimes could change the physical parameters of the stream system, which
also could affect water quality control mechanisms downstream. To that end, I would ask
that the biological and hydrological baseline data, which are the current parameters for the
design, be made available for review; that the City of Raleigh consider planning techniques
that physically restructure the natural systems, and biological monitoring be performed to
insure that the water quality does not suffer any further.
TWje s t Re ds, I am,
a
Nancy M. ite
cc: John Dorney, Ken Jolly, Stanley Williams
,s
w
PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
ATTACHMENT # 6
4
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Betty Ray McCain, Secretary
July 8, 1993
Stewart Sykes
City Engineer
City of Raleigh
P.O. Box 590
Raleigh, NC 27602
Re: Eastern Extension of Western Boulevard from
Cabarrus Street to Blount Street, Raleigh, Wake
County, ER 93-7352
Dear Mr. Sykes:
Division of Archives and History
William S. Price, Jr., Director
Thank you for your letter of June 18, 1993, concerning the above project.
I have reviewed the Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with its appendixes for the
above project which will adversely affect Boylan Heights and Dix Hill historic
districts, properties listed in the National Register of Historic Places and protected
under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. As State Historic
Preservation Officer, I have signed the MOA. I believe it adequately addresses our
concerns regarding the historic districts.
We are forwarding the MOA (with my signature) and appendixes to you for
signature and further coordination with the city council. As requested, we are
concurrently forwarding copies of the MOA to the North Carolina Department of
Administration (DOA) and the Boylan Heights Association (Association) and
requesting their concurrence and signature within a thirty-day maximum review
period. Once DOA and the Association have signed the MOA or decided not to
concur with it, each should forward the signed document or comments to you.
The city may then submit the MOA with appendixes to the Army Corps of
Engineers (ACOE) for signature and forwarding to the Advisory Council on Historic
Preservation. The ACOE needs to submit the agreement and supporting
documentation package to the Advisory Council for their acceptance.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions
concerning the above comment, please contact Renee Gledhill-Earley,
environmental review coordinator, at 919/733-4763.
Sincerely,
I?1, . L-1
01,01CW'? M
I
William S. Price, Jr.
State Historic Preservation Officer
WSP:sIw
Enclosures
109 East Jones Street • Raleigh, North Carolina 27601-2807

A B
14
cc:. Tommy Kline (w/enclosures)
State Property Office
Department of Administration
Raleigh, NC
Joseph Huberman (w/enclosures)
Boylan Heights Association
904 Dorothea Drive
Raleigh, NC 27603
Bill Butler
Rummel, Klepper and Kahl
5800 Faringdon Place
Suite 105
Raleigh, NC 27609-3960
Stan Williams
Park Drive Studios
1715 Park Drive
Raleigh, NC 27605
Dan Becker
Raleigh Historic District Commission
P.O. Box 829 Century Station
Raleigh, NC 27602
Walter S. Tulloch
Colonel, Corps of Engineers
District Engineer
Department of the Army
Wilmington District, Corps of Engineers
P.O. Box 1890
Wilmington, N.C. 28402-1890
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
Old Post Office Building
1 100 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Suite 809
Washington, D.C. 20004
k
North Carolina
Department of Administration
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Katie G. Dorsett, Secretary
July 20, 1993
Mr. Stewart Sykes
City Engineer
City of Raleigh
P.O. Box 590
Raleigh, NC 27602

State Property Office
Wallace R. Sherron, Director
Re: Eastern Extension of Western Boulevard from
Cabarrus Street to Blount Street, Raleigh
Wake County, File No. 92-QQQ
Dear Mr. Sykes:
As requested in the July 8, 1993 letter from Mr.
William S. Price, Jr. we have reviewed the Memorandum of
Agreement. We were not provided appendixes to this
Agreement. The Agreement has been executed on behalf of The
State Property Office acknowledging concurrence by The
Department of Administration.
Please provide our office with a final executed copy of
Memorandum of Agreement with all appendixes. Thank you for
your assistance in this matter.
Sin ely,
TEC/wld Tommy Cline
Real roperty Agent
cc: Mr. William S. Price, Jr.
State Historic Preservation Officer
State Property Office • 116 West Jones Street • Raleigh 27603-8003
Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]
State Courier 51-01-00
An Equal Opportunity / Affirmative Action Employer
??3
f .
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
SUBMITTED TO THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC
PRESERVATION
PURSUANT TO 36 CFR 800.6(a)
FOR THE EASTERN EXTENSION OF WESTERN BOULEVARD
FROM CABARRUS STREET TO BLOUNT STREET
WHEREAS, the Army Co s of Engineers (ALOE) proposes to issue a
permit to the City of Raleigh (Ciry? for the Eastern Extension of Western
Boulevard from Cabarrus Street to Blount Street; and
WHEREAS, the ACOE has determined that the Eastern Extension of
Western Boulevard from Cabarrus Street to Blount Street will have an effect
upon Boylan Heights and Dix Hill historic districts, properties included in the
National Register of Historic Places, and has consulted with the North Carolina
State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) pursuant to 36 CFR Part 800,
regulations implementing Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act
(16 U.S.C. 470f); and
WHEREAS, the City, the Boylan Heights Association (Association),
representing property owners in Boylan Heights, and the North Carolina
Department of Administration (State), owner of Dix Hill, participated in the
consultation and have been invited to concur in this Memorandum of Agreement
(Agreement);
NOW, THEREFORE, the ACOE and the SHPO a&ree that the
undertaking shall be implemented in accordance with the following stipulations
in order to take into account the effect of the undertaking on historic properties.
STIPULATIONS
The ACOE will ensure that the following measures are carried out:
1. Recordation: To document the historic properties and their settings
before any construction is initiated, the Historic Buildings and Landscape
Recordation Plan, attached hereto as Appendix A, along with a narrative
description of each historic property shall be carried out by the City for the
following properties within one (1) year of the ratification of this agreement:
a) Doctor's Residence
b) Gatekeeper's House
c) Stone Entrance Gate and Bridge
d) The "Grove" at Dix Hill
e) Dorothea Drive in Boylan Heights
2. Design and Landscaping of the Eastern Extension of Western
Boulevard from gabarrus Street to Blount Street:
Page 2
A) -In the event the final plans for the Eastern Extension of
Western Boulevard from Cabarrus Street to Blount Street change from the
"Mitigation and Landscape Plan for Cultural Resource Involvement"
(dated May 12, 1993, attached hereto as Appendix B), and alter the
location of the roadway, stream, greenway path, Boylan Avenue Bridge,
or the new stone gate entrance in Dix Hill, or take additional right-of-
way from the historic properties, or alter the cross-section of the roadway
so as to adversely affect the historic properties, the City shall consult with
the SHPO and initiate procedures set forth at CFR 800.5(e).
B. Appendix B and the "Palette of Plants" attached hereto as
Appendix C, will be the basis for the City developing, in consultation
with the SHPO, a final landscaping plan and plant materials list which
will specify the particular location and types of plant materials chosen for
the Eastern Extension of Western Boulevard from Cabarrus Street to
Blount Street. Appendices B and C will be the minimum standards for the
final landscaping plan. The final plan shall be forwarded to the SHPO for
review and approval. In addition to the routine maintenance of the
landscaping within the City's right-of-way, the City shall replace, in-kind,
any plant materials damaged or lost within three (3) years of installation.
C. In consultation with the SHPO and Association, the City shall
develop a final fence design integrated with the landscaping plan which
shall protect pedestrians, children, and animals from potential hazards
created by the roadway, reduce the effects of debris and pollution, screen
objectionable views, create a sense of privacy and security, and provide a
transitional boundary to resolve differences in scale and be aesthetically
appropriate to both historic properties.
3. Stone Entrance Gate at Umstead Drive: In consultation with the
SHPO, the City shall develop a design resembling the existing stone entrance
gate which reuses the iron gate and hardware, and replaces, in-kind, the size,
color, type, and uncoursed pattern of the existing stone and the mortar color and
thickness used in the existing stone pillars. Prior to initiating construction, final
plans will be forwarded to the SHPO for review and approval. The City shall
construct the new stone entrance gate using the approved final plans.
4. Boylan Avenue Bridge: In consultation with the SHPO, State, and
Association, the City shall develop a design for the new bridge into Dix Hill
from Boylan Heights which is compatible with the historic and architectural
qualities of the historic properties. The new bridge shall allow for appropriate
and safe pedestrian and bicycle crossing, as well as automobiles. Prior to
initiating construction, final plans shall be forwarded to the SHPO for review
and approval.
5. Relocation of Buildings:
A) The new sites for the relocated properties--the Doctor's
Residence and the Gatekeeper's House--shall be selected by the State in
consultation with the SHPO.
B) The properties shall be moved by the City in accordance with
the recommended approaches in Moving Historic Buildings (John Obed
Curtis, 1979, American Association for State and Local History), in
Page 3
consultation with the SHPO, and by a qualified mover who has the
capability to move historic structures.
C) The City shall be responsible for moving the historic
properties, constructing the new foundations, and installing utility
services, upon review and approval by the SHPO.
6. Dispute Resolution:
A) If, during continuing design review, there is a disagreement
between the parties to this Agreement which cannot be resolved, the
matter shall be referred to the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
(Council) for review and comment.
B) If any of the signatories to this Agreement determines that the
terms of the Agreement cannot be met or believes a change is necessary,
that signatory shall immediately request the consulting parties to consider
an amendment or addendum to the Agreement. Such an amendment or
addendum shall be executed in the same manner as the original
Agreement.
Execution of this Memorandum of Agreement by the ACOE and the
SHPO, its subsequent acceptance by the Council, and implementation of its
terms, evidence that the ACOE afforded the Council an opportunity to comment
on the Eastern Extension of Western Boulevard from Cabarrus Street to Blount
Street and its effects on historic properties, and that the ACOE has taken into
account the effects of the undertaking on historic properties.
Page 4
ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
Bv:
Name and Title of Signer Date
STATE HISTORIC PRESERVA ION OFFICER
By: i M - q-23
Name and Title of Signer Date

CONCUR:
CITY OF RALEIGH
By:
Name and Title of Signer Date
Page 5
Page 6
CONCUR
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA,
DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION
Name and Title of Signer Date
? ,
Page 8
ACCEPTED:
ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION
Bv:
Name and Title of Signer Date
ell
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
P.O. BOX 25201
RALEIGH 27611-5201
JAMES G. MARTIN
GOVERNOR
THOMAS J. HARRELSON
SECRETARY

March 10, 1992
Memo To: Mr. Eugene A. Smith
Seni r Deput At ey General
100
C
From: 13r_.-Marion R. Poole, P.E., Manager
Statewide Planning Branch
ATTACHMENT # 7
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
WILLIAM G. MARLEY, JR. P E.
STATE HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATOR
Subject: Western Boulevard Extension-Raleigh, NC
We have reviewed your memo of March 2, 1992,
transmitting Ms. Catherine D. Houghton's letter concerning
Western Boulevard. The Western Boulevard project is
currently being implemented by the City of Raleigh. It has
been a very controversial proposal in the local community and
eventually resulted in a city wide referendum on project
construction. The referendum supported construction of the
project.
The City of Raleigh as a municipal government is exempt
from both Federal and State laws which require environmental
assessment of projects prior to construction. However,
within the rather lengthy decision making process, the City
of Raleigh has conducted both an engineering study and an
environmental and citizen's review'process. These two
studies examined both the need for the facility as well as
weighed the cost to the social and physical environment.
These studies examined'those'areas normally contained in a
state environmental document. The results of these studies
were shared with the public in a series of fourteen public
meetings and were approved for action by the City Council.
The City of Raleigh is actively pursuing final
construction permits from both the State Historical Officer
and the Corps of. Engineers. These permits are required prior
to encroachment into the Historic District and through the
flood plain area. :The repovto that 4-h-As no
An Equal Opportunity /Alfirmalive Action Employer
PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION

In reviewing Ms. Houghton's allegations, we do not see
any concerns regarding the project. The City a ears to have
u the project in an aboveboard an pro essiona manner.
The proi7ect is a component part of the Raleigh Thoroughfare
Plan which has been adopted by both the City and Board of
Transportation to serve as the policy guide in developing the
street system. From our perspective in the Statewide
Planning Branch, we see no reason why State property should
not legitimately be transferred to the City for construction
of this facility.
The project engineer for the City of Raleigh is Stewart
Sykes. His telephone number is 890-3030. If we can provide
additional information, please contact either Debi Hutchings
or myself at 733-4705.
cc: Dr. Larry Goode, P.E., Chief Engineer Programs
Mr. J. T. Peacock, P.E., Chief Engineer Preconstruction
to
I.
PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
ATTACHMENT # 8
WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared for:
Rummel Klepper & Kahl
Environmental Services Inc.
Raleigh, North Carolina
February, 1990

INTRODUCTION
The City of Raleigh is currently developing plans for
improvements to Western Boulevard in the vicinity of the N.C.
State University - Dorothea Dix Hospital properties. The
existing 9-lane divided facility will be widened and extended to
South Wilmington Street in order to improve access to and from
the city.
As part of ongoing planning efforts, Environmental Services,
Inc. was contracted to provide an evaluation of the biological
communities along the proposed alignment, with particular
attention to wetlands and potential stream relocation impacts.
Mr. Jerry McCrain visited the site on January 7, 1990. Resource
agency personnel were later contacted to assist with this
evaluation and to provide recommendations in an effort to
minimize project impacts.
I/ DI • I Q ? lill
?s (` l
`?._. z. RALEIGH
POP. ? a
H 1 PAM _
Ulf rw.r X L. o.
!7l! Ml /w .N ?
Ulf 2't
/ a a sd.
LIU of
ow . 1'. 01

gar ?1''' ` F
-I
I
1
PROJECT it
m.
Lj

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?,
"a Iuf
M i u? ' •,Z
".... ud
3ul
?iC.Y. • KG.N..
FIG.1
SITE LOCATION
WESTERN BLVD. EXT.
WAKE COUNTY
ENVIRONMENrrAL
&SFRVIC.F.S. INC.

t -3-
BIOTIC COMMUNITIES
Western Boulevard extends through an urbanized area of the
city supporting business, institutional and residential
development. Plant community patterns are a reflection of
present and past land usage with only remnant patches and
isolated corridors of natural vegetation remaining.
The most dominant feature of the landscape in the immediate
area of anticipated impact is Rocky Branch. This small urban
tributary meanders along southern limits of Western Boulevard in
the vicinity of Central Prison, eventually extending through the
Dorothea Dix Hospital property along the route of the proposed
alignment. The creek has been heavily modified and previously
channelized in places to accommodate surrounding development.
However, portions of the stream and adjacent buffer communities
have been incorporated into the Capital City Greenway system,
resulting in a undisturbed band of greenery and natural features
surrounded by urban encroachment.
As expected, former floodplain reache$ along the creek have
also been modified in response to surrounding land uses and
changes in stream configurations. Riparian vegetation is
generally restricted to channel embankments and consists of
sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), elm (Ulmus americana), box
elder (Acer ne4undo), poplar (Liriodendron tuliaifera), red maple
(Acer rubrum), sweet gum (Liouidambar stvraciflua), locust
(Robinia pseudo-acacia), river birch (Betula ni ra), and a number

-4-
of oaks (Cuercus spp.) in canopy layers. Privet (LiQustrum
sinense) and honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) dominate the
understory along with occasional clumps of cane (Arundinaria
gigantea). Grasses, pine (Pines taeda), red cedar (Juniperus
virainiana) and a number of hardwoods are found in flatlands and
along hillsides adjacent to the creek. Stately sweet gum trees
on grassy lawns are common along segments of the former
floodplain in the Boylan Heights neighborhood.
Remaining lands along eastern portions of the proposed
corridor have either been subjected to development or exist as
successional fields. Undeveloped properties north of Washington
Elementary School and in the area of South Wilmington Street
(eastern project terminus) support growth of broomsedge
(Andropogon sp.), aster (Aster sp.), honeysuckle, blackberry
(Rubus sp.), kudzu (Pueraria lobata),',rasses and a number of
similar herbaceous species; red maple, black cherry (Prunus
serotina), pecan (Carva illinoensis), winged elm (Ulmus alata),
and other hardwood specimens are scattered throughout.
In spite of the disturbed nature of the area and surrounding
urbanization, remaining natural systems - especially along creek
corridors - provide the basic components (food, water,
protection) to support certain forms of wildlife. Cosmopolitan
species such as squirrels, rabbits and raccoons are to be
expected along with a host of songbirds. No rare or endangered
species are known to exist in the project vicinity.
? -5-
WATERCOURSES AND WETLANDS
Rocky Branch has been classified as a Class C NSW (nutrient
sensitive waters) stream indicating suitability for fish and
wildlife propagation, secondary recreation, and other uses
requiring waters of lower quality (DEM, 1989). The NSW
classification addendum requires that nutrient input be limited
in order to reduce further impacts on water quality. The stream
is too small to be of fishing significance (Fish, 1968).
As previously indicated, the creek and former floodplain
communities have been modified in response to surrounding
development. Chewacla soils are present in lowlands bordering
the creek (USDA, 1970). Although not considered hydric by the
U.S. Soil Conservation Service (USDA, 1987), Chewacla soils are
often subjected to flooding and exhibit mottling or gleying under
certain conditions. However, soil tests- performed during this
field assessment failed to support indications of flood frequency
in these former bottomlands (10YR 3/4, 4/4 using Munsell Soil
color chart) and evidence of hydrological concerns (standing
water, flood debris, buttressed tree bases, etc) was lacking.
Therefore, wetland parameters are confined to channel limits
of Rocky Branch (average width: 15-20 feet). Any fill placement
below ordinary high water will require application for a Section
404 permit under the Clean Water Act (33 CFR 320-330) as well as
401 Water Quality Certification from the N.C. Division of
Environmental Management.
i
r?
-6-
IMPACTS AND PROPOSED'MITIGATION
Preliminary plans indicate that approximately 1650 linear
feet of the Rocky Branch channel will be relocated in two
segments (550 linear feet and 1100 linear feet) in the vicinity
of the Boylan Heights-Dorothea Dix Hospital property. In
addition, box culverts are proposed at Western Blvd./Dorothea
Drive (360 feet), the Boylan Avenue crossing (50 feet) and at
South Saunders Street (two culverts, 50 feet each). Although not
shown, culvert or pipe placement will be required immediately
west of the Dawson-McDowell Connector and in the wooded pocket
near the Fayetteville Street-South Wilmington Street Juncture to
accomodate runoff along intermittent drainage systems (average
width: 5-15 feet).
Stream relocation impacts can be mitigated by replacing the
creek channel on a tangential alignment and restoring habitat
suitability in the replacement system. The relocated stream
should be of the same size and functional quality as the existing
watercourse in an effort to achieve no net loss of aquatic
habitat.
Mr. Wayne Jones, District 3 Fisheries Biologist with the
N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission (WRC) was contacted on January
12, 1990 for recommendations to assist with this rechannelization
effort. Mr. Jones recommended use of the WRC publication
Guidelines for Mountain Stream Relocations in North Carolina

,a
-7-
(Wingate et al, 1979).(copy attached). In addition, Mr. Mike
Odum, Biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service visited
the site on February 14, 1990 to evaluate the project and offer
assistance. Highlighted recommendations include:
- relocated channels should match the original channel in
length, slope and meanders if possible. Channel width and
depth should mimic the original.
- riprap or other suitable materials should be used to
stabilize embankments. Slopes should vary between 1:1 and
2:1.
- vegetation should be planted along stream banks after
project completion. Recommended species include dogwood,
sycamore, oaks, willow, alder and maple. Grasses will
assist in early stabilization of the soil.
- construction of pools and riffles provide habitat for
aquatic organisms. Random boulder placement or stone
deflectors can be used for habitat enhancement.
all work on relocated stream segments should be
completed before water is diverted into it.
Culvert placement is not expected to, result in significant
additional impacts as long as restrictions are not imposed on
water movement. Again, any fill placed below ordinary high water
will necessitate permit review by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers.
r

References Cited
Division of Environmental Management (DEM). Classification and
water quality standards assigned to the waters of the Neuse
River basin. 15 NCAC 2B.0315. Dept. of Nat. Res. and Com.
Devel. Raleigh, North Carolina.
Fish, Frederic F. 1968. A catalog of the inland fishing waters
in North Carolina. N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission,
Raleigh, North Carolina.
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). 1970. Soil
Survey, Wake County North Carolina. Soil Conservation
Service, Washington, D.C.
1987. Hydric Soils of
the United States. In cooperation with the National
Technical Committee for Hydric Soils. Soil Conservation
Service, Washington, D.C.
Wingate, P.J., W.R. Bonner, R.J. Brown, B.M. Buff, J.H. Davies,
J.H. Mickey and H.M. Ratledge. 1979. Guidelines for
mountain stream relocations in North Carolina. Division of
Inland Fisheries, North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission, Raleigh, N.C.
yV? K? PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
ATTACHMENT #
9
0. RUMMEL • IrLEPPER
5800 FARINGDON PLACE SUITE 105 919-878-9560
? r I1AitllYF.9CtIMAt.E,JR.
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27609.3960 FAX [phone] WILLIAM K. HELLMANN
DAVID W. WALLACE
A ' STEPHEN W.KAGAY
July 29, 1992 FRANK It. DONAI.DSON
ROBERT J. HALBERT
WILLIAM It. BUTLER, JR.
Mr. Stewart Sykes, PE _
Central Engineering CARROLL E. PINCKARD, JR.
City of Raleigh CHARLES M. EASTER, JR.
LA.RRY E. 222 W. Hargett Street F DUNCA SMITH
JOAN G. MINTIENS
Raleigh, NC 27602 BERNARD S. HYATT, JR.
JOSEPH A. ROMANOWSKI, JR.
MICHAEL L. KRUP9AW
Reference: Eastern Extension of Western Boulevard JAMES .
DAVID lD w. PLUM
Cabarrus Street to Blount Street GEOFFREY V. KOLBERG
Raleigh, North Carolina
Dear Mr. Sykes:
In response to your request and the July 2, 1992 letter from Nancy M. White, additional
analysis of the potential impacts of the subject project on Rocky Branch were initiated to reconfinmm
(lie findings defined in the biological study by Environmental Services. A summary of these
additional analyses as determined by Environmental Services are as follows:
Thermal Pollution:
Thernmal pollution resulting from the proposed stream modifications associated with Western
Boulevard are expected to be minimal.
The proposed stream bed is composed of a flood channel and a narrow meandering dialweg
with rock riffles and small pools. Literature regarding thermal impacts indicates that as stream
widths decrease, canopy needs to keep water temperatures from fluctuating also decrease. In other
words, small streams need little riparian growth for protection from thennal increases. Thus, in the
segment of relocated Rocky Branch plantings of bushes and low growing shrubs along the new
channel would provide a moderation of the potential impacts associated with the loss of canopy.
Secondly, in that a major portion of the upstream waterway has been denuded it can be
stated that the resident organisms in the stream are expected to have a high tolerance for changes in
water quality and otlmer physical parameters. This tolerance reduces the potential for adverse
impacts associated with the proposed channel modifications.
Downstream degradation of the stream water quality due to loss of upstream canopy is not
expected to be significant. The downstream effects (area below proposed stream modification) are
contingent upon present downstream conditions, i.e., if downstream areas have sufficient canopy,
any upstream derived thermal increase will quickly moderate.
Water Quality
Rocky Branch is a highly modified system which has been subjected to significant alteration
along its entire length. The stream flows through a highly urbanized section of Raleigh and, as a
result, water quality suffers. Both upper and lower portions of Rocky Branch have been
channelized to accommodate urban expansion. Water quality studies have been conducted by the
NC Division of Environmental Management (DEM) on Rocky Branch, as well as along Walnut
Creek at the confluence of Rocky Branch below the proposed relocation segment. Analyses of
BALTIMORE, MARYLAND NEW CUMBERLAND, PENNSYLVANIA VIRGINIA BEACH, VIRGINIA RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

i
1
RUMMEL • KLEPPER & KAHL
Mr. Stewart Sykes, PE
July 29, 1992
Page 2
changes over time at these locations include biological, chemical, physical, and hydrological data.
Stream segments sampled received "poor" and "very poor" bioclassifications.
Rocky Branch supports aquatic organisms that thrive under poor water quality conditions.
The creek is relatively shallow which limits larger gametish species. Scattered populations of
bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), satinfn shiner (No i analostanus), and creek chubsucker
(Erimyzon 1 n u) are anticipated. Essentially all of the fish species inhabiting Rocky Branch, as
well as reptiles, amphibians, and benthic macroinvertebrates, would necessarily possess high
tolerance for fluctuations in dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pH.
The design of the proposed base flow and flood channel has been developed to reproduce
the existing flow parameters with riffles being developed to provide a potential for improved
dissolved oxygen content. Analyses of the flood flow indicates levels similar to those currently
anticipated can be expected in the proposed channel.
In summary, the biological. and hydraulic analyses completed to date indicate little if any
adverse impact on the downstream water quality associated with the proposed channel modification.
In fact, through the introduction of controlled flow regimens, it is expected that the existing streani
conditions will be regenerated and the water quality may actually by improved.
Although this summary lists generalizations, it is the belief of the Environmental Services
Inc. biologists, based on limited field survey and literature review, that these findings would be
supported by noise detail analysis and field study of the physical stream condition (temperature,
dissolved oxygen, fish census, and macroinvertebrate sample). Environmental Services Inc. is
prepared to perform such surveys as the City may desire.
Please advise if any additional information regarding the stream impacts is needed.
Very truly yours,
RUMMEL • KLEPPER & KAHL
16,V.
William 4&Zr,?Jr., PE
Senior Associate
WR B/kn
cc DBS
390-21
PROPOSED ea?-Vli E YENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION.
ATTACHMENT # 10
t
,_. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF PROPOSED EXTENSION OF
WESTERN BOULEVARD, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
LORETTA LAUTZENHEISER
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
:.r
AUGUST 1990
COASTAL CAROLINA RESEARCH, INC
TARBORO, NORTH CAROLINA
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF PROPOSED EASTERN
EXTENSION OF WESTERN BOULEVARD, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
Management Summary
Coastal Carolina Research, Inc., conducted an
archaeological survey of a 150-foot wide, 0.5-mile long
corridor for the proposed extension of Western Boulevard in
Raleigh, North Carolina. The project area.included the
survey of the proposed channel relocation of Rocky Branch,
and a minor relocation of Umstead Drive.. The study was
conducted for Rummel, Klepper and Kahl Engineers under a
contract with the City of Raleigh. The environmental review
number is ER 90-8133.
The results of the study will be included in an
environmental study being prepared as a planning document for
the proposed project. No archaeological sites were recorded,
and the survey concluded that the proposed undertaking will
not affect archaeological resources on or eligible for
inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places.
J
1
RUMMEL a KLEPPER & KAHL consulting engineers
5800 FARINGOON PLACE • SUITE 105
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27609
919-878-9580 ALBERT L. DEEN, JR.
FAX [phone] STEPHEN W. KAGAY
ROBERT J. HALBERT
WILLIAM R. BUTLER, JR.
Manager, Southeastern Operations
October 11, 1990
Mr. Jimmie Beckom, PE
City of Raleigh
Central Engineering
222 W. Hargett Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27602
Attention: Mr. Stewart Sykes, PE
Reference: Eastern Extension of Western Boulevard
Cabarrus Street to Blount Street
Raleigh, North Carolina
Gentlemen:
We have been advised that the State Historical Preservation Office has found the Archaeologic
Survey and Report developed for the subject project to be adequate for the conditions encountered
and agrees with the recommendation of Coastal Carolina Research, Inc., that no further evaluation
or archaeological work is required.
Accordingly, we are forwarding herewith two (2) additional copies of this final report for
your files.
If any additional copies are required, please advise.
Very truly yours,
RUMMEL, KLEPPER & KAHL
William R. Butler, Jr., PE
Senior Associate
WRB/mjt
390-21
I
M SUS o
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
James G. Martin, Governor
Patric Dorsey, Secretary
October 3, 1990
William R. Butler, Jr., P.E.
Senior Associate
Rummel Klepper & Kahl
5800 Faringdon Place, Suite 105
Raleigh, N.C. 27609
Re: Eastern extension of Western Boulevard,
Cabarrus Street to Blount Street, Raleigh,
Wake County, ER 91-7251
Dear Mr. Butler:
It j
C-" 1- S S f
C?T `l or, I_r.,a.aY H

Thank you for your letter of August 29, 1990, transmitting the archaeological
survey report by Loretta Lautzenheiser of Coastal Carolina Research, Inc.
concerning the above project.
During the course of the survey no prehistoric or historic archaeological
sites were located within the project area. Due to the absence of
archaeological resources, Ms. Lautzenheiser has recommended that no
further archaeological investigation be conducted in connection with
this project. We concur with this recommendation since this project
will not involve significant archaeological resources.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National
Historic Preservation Act of 1966 and the Advisory Council on Historic
Preservations Regulations for Compliance with Section 106, codified at
36 CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions
concerning the above comment, please contact Ms. Renee Gledhill-Earley,
environmental review coordinator, at 919/733-4763.
Sincerely, ,
vDavid Brook
Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer
DB:slw
cc: Loretta Lautzenheiser
r-
e'1
OC
?-? ^t 7A `Rai.. ? .. .,•
Division of Archives and History
William S. Price, Jr., Director
U*41>
109 EastJones Street 0 Raleigh, North Carolina 27601-2807
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF PROPOSED WESTERN
BOULEVARD EXTENSION, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
INTRODUCTION
The City of Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina has
proposed the construction of improvements to Western
Boulevard in the vicinity of Dorothea Dix Hospital in
Raleigh (Figure 1). Rummel, Klepper and Kahl Engineers have
been retained by the City of Raleigh to prepare planning and
environmental studies for this project. Coastal Carolina
Research, Inc., has been selected to conduct archaeological
investigations of the project area.
In consultation with Ms. Dolores Hall of the Office of
State Archaeology of the North Carolina State Historic
Preservation Office, it was determined that the
archaeological survey should be confined to the area between
the railroad line at Central Prison and South Saunders
Street. The project area included the 0.5-mile, 150-foot
wide corridor for the proposed road and the proposed
realignment of the channel of Rocky Branch (Figure 2).
This project is being coordinated with the State
Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) in accordance with the
Department of-the Interior's procedures for compliance with
Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966
and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's
Regulations for compliance with Section 106, codified as 36
CFR Part 800. The SHPD requested that this archaeological
study be conducted in order to evaluate the project's
probable impact upon archaeological resources and to
determine if additional measures will be necessary to
mitigate the effects of the project upon any significant
archaeological sites.
The scope of the investigations was consistent with the
guidelines issued by the Advisory Council on Historic
Preservation and the Department of the Interior's Standards
and Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation
projects. During the course of the study, no archaeological
sites were recorded, and it was determined that the proposed
undertaking will not impact archaeological resources on, or
eligible for, inclusion in the National Register of Historic
Places.
The survey was conducted on August 16, 1990, and
required 2.5 person days to complete. Loretta Lautzenheiser
served as principal investigator, assisted in the field and
lab by Jody Carter and Jane Eastman.

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Figure 1: Location of project area, Western Boulevard
Extension.
'" •• BOYLAN HEIGHTS HISTORIC DISTRICT G?\
.........yX:::..r?, v
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ion limits • .,?............'O :'i N
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Western Boulevard Extension .. ......
Elarchaeological survey area' channel relocation
Umstead Drive
100 feet realignment
DORTHEA DIX HOSPITAL
Figure 2:. Location of survey area. Western Boulevard Extension.
4
Background research was conducted at The Office of State
Archaeology, Edgecombe County Memorial Library and the State
Interlibrary Loan Network, and Dorothea Dix Hospital.
Assisting with the background research were: Dolores Hall,
Office of State Archaeology; Tom Hargrove, Archaeological
Research Consultants; Dr. Ruth Little, Longleaf Historic
Resources; Manly Fishel and W.E. Whitehead of Dorothea Dix
Hospital; and Mr. Richard Pierce. The assistance of all of
these people was extremely valuable and is greatly
appreciated.
NATURAL SETTING
hus_ioaranh
Wake County is located in the Piedmont physiographic
region. The Piedmont province is the nonmountainous portion
of the Older Appalachians and generally slopes from the
mountains to the Coastal Plain. Structural control of
drainage is usually absent, and the rivers of the Carolinas
cross belts of granite, gneiss, schist and slate without
change of pattern (Fenneman 1938).
The Piedmont Upland is a peneplain in various stages of
development and destruction, The typical landscape is a
rolling surface of gentle slopes with no great relief, cut by
or bounded by deeper valleys with steeper slopes.
Tributaries are in deep valleys near the larger streams, but
nearer the headwaters they are in shallower valleys (Fenneman
1938).
Geoloou and Soils
Much of the county is underlain by metamorphic rocks
interlayered in north trending belts. A large,. central
granitic mass extends east, north and south from Raleigh.
Along House Creek.in western Raleigh there is strong evidence
of an anticline, termed the Raleigh anticline, with the fold
axis passing along a belt of felsic gneiss. The project area
is underlain by layered mica gneiss and schist with numerous
dikes and sills of granite, pegmatite, and aplite (Parker
1979).
Three soil types are found within the project area. The
majority,of the survey area is located along Rocky Branch in
an area mapped as Chewacla soil. This soil is found on
floodplains and is nearly level and somewhat poorly drained.
A portion of the relocated channel is found in Wake soil, a
somewhat excessively drained soil found on slopes. The
relocation of Umstead Drive is located in Cecil sandy loam, a
well-drained soil found on narrow side slopes (Cawthorn
1970).
5
The Southern Piedmont soils were severely eroded due to
intensive cultivation and poor land management practices.
Stanley Trimble C1974) has divided the Piedmont into regions
based on the extent of erosion and the time periods of
greatest Erosive Land Use CELU). Wake County falls into
Region VA, the general farming area of North Carolina. In
the period 1775-1810 most of Region VA consisted of yeoman
farming areas. Cultivation of cash crops did not generally
develop in these regions due to the long distance to market.
By 1810 the ELU was increasing and travellers in the region
mentioned large tracts of abandoned and eroding land. The
area was less affected agriculturally by the Civil War and
its aftermath than were the plantation areas. There was a
big increase in cotton cultivation after 1860 with a
corresponding increase in ELU. In the period 1880-1920 there
was a decrease in ELU primarily due to abandonment of farms
and transition to forests.
The soils in the project area reflect this land use
history. In the few upland areas of the survey universe
there was little topsoil development and subsoil was at or
near the surface.
PREHISTORIC BACKGROUND
Paleo-Indian Period
Prehistoric occupation of North Carolina dates to the
Paleo-Indian Period, which is thought to have begun about
12,000 B.C. Evidence of occupation during this period is
sparse and is generally noted by fluted projectile points,
usually recovered as surface finds.
The most important excavated North Carolina site
yielding Paleo-Indian components is the Hardaway site,
located on the west bank of the Yadkin River in Stanly
County. This site is unusual in that it contains stratified
deposits including Paleo-Indian materials. Investigations at
the Hardaway site form the basis of the Paleo-Indian and
Early Archaic sequences for the North Carolina Piedmont as
defined by Coe (1964). Later investigations at the Haw River
sites in Chatham County (Claggett and Cable 1982) reconfirm
the cultural-temporal framework.
The subsistence pattern during this time is assumed to
have been a hunting and gathering lifestyle. Recent work at
the Hardaway site has focused on attempts to retrieve
subsistence data to obtain a more complete view of Paleo-
Indian lifeways CWard 1983).
The Late Paleo-Indian Palmer phase is typified by a
small corner-notched hafted biface with a straight, ground
6
base and pronounced serrations. The use of hafted and
scrapers increased during this period (Coe 1964).
Archaic Period
The Archaic Period CBOOO-1000 BC) was apparently a time
of climatic change. A shift from boreal forests to northern
hardwoods occurred around the time of the Early Archaic
Period C8000-5000 BC). In the early Holocene, a cool, moist
climate prompted the expansion of species-rich Mixed Hardwood
Forests in the Eastern United States. During this
Hypsithermal, the Oak-Chestnut Forest became dominant in the
central and southern Appalachians, oak and hickory were
replaced by southern pine on the Coastal Plain, and the Oak-
Hickory-Southern Pine Forest covered the Piedmont CDelcourt
and Delcourt 1981, 1985). These changes were probably
accompanied by an increase in population, as seen in the
greater number of sites with Archaic components CCable 1980).
The Early Archaic Period is characterized by the Kirk
projectile point. During this period the points increased in
size and basal grinding declined. A broad-stemmed, deeply
serrated point gradually replaced the earlier corner-notched
style. It is generally thought that in the Archaic Period
there was a continuation of the hunting and gathering
lifestyle, with a possible-seasonal round of movement between
base camps and hunting camps. The depth of the Kirk midden
at the Hardaway site indicates a long-term occupation (Coe
1964).
The Middle Archaic Stanly Phase appears to have
developed out of the preceding phases (Coe 196'x, Phelps
1983). The major difference in the artifact assemblage seems
to be the appearance of polished stone atlatl weights.
The Morrow Mountain and Guilford phases appear during
the Middle Archaic CSOOO-3000 BC). These phases have been '
referred to by Coe (1954) as the western intrusive horizons.
The Morrow Mountain projectile point type is a relatively
small point with short, tapering stems. The analysis of the
material from the Haw River sites CClaggett and Cable 1982)
suggests that the Morrow Mountain type points may represent
the continuance of the stemmed-point tradition.
The Guilford phase, characterized by a long, lanceolate
point and chipped stone axes, has no apparent cultural
antecedents in the region. The artifacts are very widespread
throughout the Piedmont of North Carolina CCoe 1964).
The Halifax phase was identified from the Gaston site
on the Roanoke River (Coe 1964) and did not appear at the
Hardaway or Doerschuk sites. At the Gaston site the Halifax
zone overlay the Guilford material. One projectile point
7
with Halifax characteristics was recovered from a
stratigraphic context at Haw River CClaggett and Cable 1982).
The terminal Archaic is the Savannah River phase C3000-
1000 BC). During this period there is evidence of larger
sites containing steatite bowls, human burials, and prepared
hearths, which suggests a more settled lifestyle CWard 1983).
The Savannah River projectile point is a large,.heavy,
triangular blade with a broad stem (Coe 1964).
Period
During the Woodland Period (1000 BC-AD 1700), the
beginnings of regional differences are noted. The
introduction of the bow and arrow and ceramic manufacture
defines the beginning of the Early Woodland (1000-300 BC).
Other Woodland traits common to Eastern North America, such
as cultivation of plants and construction of mounds, appear
later in Piedmont North Carolina. Cultivation of maize
probably dates to around All 1000, and the burial mound
complex was essentially absent from the northern Piedmont
CHargrove at al. 1986).
The earliest expression of the Woodland Tradition in the
Piedmont is the Badin culture, more common in the southern
Piedmont. It is characterized by a hard, sandy ceramic ware
and large, crude triangular projectile points. The
differences between the southern and northern Piedmont
traditions became more pronounced through time, and there is
increasing diversity in the ceramic materials by the Late
Woodland CWard 1983).
The Middle Woodland Yadkin phase was also defined from
the Doerschuk site. The ceramics appear to have evolved from
the previous Badin type. The temper changed to a crushed
quartz which, in some cases, constituted 30 to 40 percent of
the paste. The surface finishes were cord-marked or fabric-
impressed. During this phase influences from the southern
coastal region first appear (Coe 1964). The projectile point
type was the Yadkin Large Triangular point, differing from
the previous Badin style in that it was better made.
The Late Woodland Uwharrie projectile point type is a
small, slender triangle. I•n the sample of 10LI Uwharrie
points recovered from the Donnaha site in northern Yadkin
County, 98 percent were manufactured of felsite (Woodall
1984). The Uwharrie ceramic series is marked by abundant
fragments of crushed quartz temper. Portions of a Uwharrie
vessel, recovered from a feature at the Donnaha site, were
found in association with charcoal fragments which provided a
C-1q date of A.D. lg80 (Woodall 1984).
8
The earliest ceramics recovered from the Gaston site in
Halifax County, which represent the northern Piedmont types,
(Coe 1964) were tempered with very fine sand with cord- or
fabric-marked surface finishes. The type was named Vincent.
The Vincent occupation at the Gaston site began around A.D.
500.
The Middle Woodland Clements phase developed out of the
preceding Vincent phase in the north Piedmont and is thought
to have been in place by A.D. 1200 (Coe 1964). The well-made
ceramics were tempered with large amounts of river sand and
were considerably thinner than the Vincent wares. The cord
used to mark the surface was much finer.
Coe (196'1) noted the presence of Gaston ceramics at the
Gaston site. This ware was different than the preceding
Clements type and appeared to be an abrupt change. Primarily
simple stamped, the pottery was distinguished by its crushed
quartz temper. The texture was porous, granular and rough,
with temper particles frequently showing on the surface of
the vessel. Phelps C1983) equates Gaston simple stamped with
Cashie ware, the ceramics used by the prehistoric Tuscarora.
The Dan River ceramics apparently developed out of the
preceding Uwharrie phase (Coe 1964). The Dan River wares may
contain both crushed quartz and river sand inclusions. At
the Donnaha site, the proportion of quartz to sand changed
through time. At the lower part of the midden most sherds
contained some quartz; however, in the upper part of the
midden, most sherds contain only sand inclusions (Woodall
1981f).
Protohistoric Period
Extensive archaeological investigation of a
protohistoric and historic aboriginal site on the Eno River
near Hillsborough has been undertaken in the last several
years by the Research Laboratories of Archaeology at the
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Ward and Davis
1987). Their research indicates that introduced animals or
plants were not important in the Occaneechi diet. The
population, however, was apparently less healthy than pre-
contact peoples, and disease had apparently taken a toll on
the native population.
Additional research on sites from the Haw, Dan and Eno
rivers (Eastman 1990) indicates that during the first decades
of trade era lithic assemblages were.similar to late
prehistoric and protohistoric assemblages except that they
contained a higher frequency of projectile points. This
appears to be associated with an increase in hunting and
warfare during the middle of the seventeenth century.
With the incorporation of metal tools and European weapons
during the last quarter of the seventeenth century the
9
production of stone projectile points declined sharply, as
did the use of stone flakes for expedient tools.
HISTORIC BACKGROUND
Ear rlu Exploration and Settlement
One of the earliest explorers of present-day Wake County
was John Lawson, an Englishman who had been appointed by the
Lords Proprietors to make a reconnaissance survey of the
interior of Carolina. On December 28, 1700, Lawson's party
left Charleston, South Carolina and followed the rivers and
Indian trails through the Carolina interior. The party split
up on February 8, at Keyauwee Town, with most going directly
to Virginia. Lawson's party continued east across the
Carolina Piedmont heading for the coast. They traveled from
Adshusheer, north of present-day Durham, to the Neuse River
where they crossed at the Falls. Lawson referred to the
country through which they were passing as the "Flower of
Carolina" CLawson 1967).
Settlement of the interior of the colony did not begin
until after the Tuscarora War, 1711-1714, and the removal of
the Tuscarora to reservations. During the term of Governor
Burrington, 1724-1729, the construction of roads and harbors
also stimulated immigration (Lefler and Newsome 1963). In
1729 the Lords Proprietors, excluding Lord Carteret, sold
their interest in the Carolinas to the crown. Between 1729
and 1746 all recorded land grants in present-day Wake County
were received through the royal governors. The few known
grants were large tracts generally made to eastern planters
who did not themselves settle the land. After 1746 all the
remaining ungranted land in the county was the former
Cartrtet share which belonged to the Earl of Granville
(Murray 1983).
To deal with the influx of settlers, the legislature
'created five new counties in 1786, one of which was Johnston
County. Wake was created from Johnston in 1771 and 17 years
later the General Assembly voted to establish a permanent
state capitol in Wake County. In 1792 Joel Lane's plantation
was chosen as the site for the town of Raleigh (Lefler and
Newsome 1963).
Plantations, such as Spring Hill, the home of Theopholis
Hunter, and the adjoining plantation of William Grimes,
surrounded the new capitol city CHargrove 1987). Both of
these plantations eventually became part of Dix Hill.
In 1848, Dorothea Dix, an advocate of humane care of the
insane, visited Raleigh and lobbied for the erection of a
state mental hospital. While her first efforts to persuade
10
the Legislature Were not successful, in 1849 the First
appropriations were made, and work started on the Facility in
May, 1850. The site, chosen by Miss Dix, was named Dix Hill
in her honor (anonymous n.d.), and was located on a hill
south of the capital above Rocky Branch.
The main, or Center Building, was designed by Alexander
Jackson Davis, a nationally prominent architect. Davis'
building, completed in 1856, was a three-story structure 726
feet long (Little 1990). The first permanent superintendent,
Dr. Edward Fisher, counter-ceilinged the floors placing
several inches of sand between the floors to sound-proof and
fire-proof the building.
Fortifications around the city of Raleigh, including Dix
Hill, had been constructed after the outbreak of the Civil
War. The Fortifications were never used, and it was not
until the closing days of the war that Raleigh became part of
the military front. Soon after Robert E. Lee's surrender at
Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865, the Confederate
defenders retreated from Raleigh in advance of Sherman's
occupying army. On April 13, the City Commission and other
citizens surrendered Raleigh (Murray 1983).
The entire Union Army 20th Corps camped on the grounds
of Dix Hill and Spring Hill.plantation. The mayor encampment
was on the hospital grounds where 17,000 men set up a camp.
The camp extended from Rocky Branch southeast across
Rhamkatte Road and outside the southern line of Raleigh's
Fortifications. Wilson Dixon, of the 1st Missouri Engineers,
left his name carved on a large rock beside Rocky Branch near
Dix Hill (Murray 1983).
After the war the hospital was enlarged and improvements
continued into the twentieth century. The early maps all
indicate that the area along Rocky Branch, known as The
Meadow (Richard Pierce personal communication) was
undeveloped except for a gazebo. In 1885 a new entrance was
built on Rhamkatte Road (South Saunders Street) and in 1891
there were requests for funds to control surface water. In
1893 funds were requested to remove the "unsightly promontory
of rocks and other irregularities in the land near the
entrance to the asylum grounds" (Little 1990:7).
A new bridge across Rocky Branch was built between 1895
and 1897 and the patients cut down and graded the hill near
the new bridge. A second entrance, also across Rocky Branch,
was built in.1920 from the new residential suburb of Boylan
Heights. A rustic gatekeeper's cottage was built at that
time, and a two-story stone house was built opposite it
during the early 1920s (Little 1990).
The new entrance was designed to tie the hospital to the
Boylan Heights suburb which had been planned in 1907. The
11
community was built on a wooded site which had been part of
the William Boylan estate. The Boylan mansion, built in
1858, had originally been part of the.Joel Lane plantation,
part of which had been sold to the state as the location of
the state capital (Brown 1984).
METHODOLOGY AND SURVEY RESULTS
The site files at the Office of State Archaeology were
examined, and all previously recorded sites in the project
area were noted on the project maps. The information on the
site forms was also recorded. Additional research was
conducted at the North Carolina State Library of the Division
of Archives and History, Survey and Planning Branch of the
Division of Archives and History, Joyner Library at East
Carolina University, Edgecombe County Memorial Library and
the Interlibrary Loan Network, and Dorothea Dix Hospital.
The survey was conducted on August 16, 1990 and required
2.5 person days. Shovel tests were required in.all of the
survey area due to the lack of surface visibility. The tests
were usually 30 x 30 cm and were excavated into the subsoil
or sterile soil. Fill from the tests was screened through
0.25-inch mesh screen. The shovel tests on the floodplain
of Rocky Branch were tested with a core sampler to determine
if buried soil horizons were present.
Survey intervals were determined by the locations of
standing structures on the north side of Rocky.Branch, but 12
tests were placed on the north side of the creek. A total of
17 tests were located in the Meadow, the floodplain on the
south side of Rocky Branch. These tests were located 10
meters apart and all were core sampled. Two additional tests
were located on the knoll for the proposed relocation of
Umstead Dr. All of the tests were negative.
Information provided by Richard Pierce, who grew up on
the hospital grounds, indicated that an unmarked cemetery was
located on the grounds. This information was verified by a
former employee of the hospital. A visit was made to the
cemetery's location which proved to be well outside the
proposed roadway. The location of the burials was provided
to the hospital personnel.
Mr. Pierce also indicated that, as children, they had
not been allowed to play in the Meadow for fear they would
fall into the holes of "sunken graves". Because of the
suspected presence of additional unmarked burials, the survey
interval on the floodplain was maintained at 10 meters.
Mr. Manly Fishel, Administrator, and Mr. W. E. Whitehead,
chief of Hospital police, called retired employees of the
hospital but no one else was aware of the suspected burials.

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13
REFERENCES CITED
Anonymous
n.d. History of Dix Hill, State Hospital, Raleigh,
North Carolina. typescript on file, Dorothea
Dix Hospital, Raleigh.
Brown, Charlotte
1984 National Register Nomination for the Boylan
Heights Historic District. ms. on file, Survey
and Planning Branch, Division of Archives and
History, Raleigh.
Cable, John S.
1980 Cultural Resources Survey and Evaluation of US
Highway 421. Commonwealth Assoc. ms. on file,
North Carolina Department of Transportation,
Raleigh.
Cawthorn, Joel
1970 Soil Survey of Wake County, North Carolina.
USDA-SCS, Raleigh.
Claggett, Stephen, and John S. Cable, assemblers
1982 The Haw River Sites: Archeological
Investigations at Two Stratified Sites in
the North Carolina Piedmont. Commonwealth
Associates,. Inc., Jackson, Michigan.
Coe, Joffre L.
1964 The Formative Cultures of the Carolina Piedmont.
Transactions of the American Philosophical
Society, N.S. 54 (S), Philadelphia.
Delcourt, Hazel, and Paul Delcourt
1981 Vegetation Maps for Eastern North America:
40,000 YR B.P. to the Present. in Geobotanu
II, Robert C. Roman, editor, Plemum Press,
New York, pp. 123-165.
1985 Quaternary Palynology and Vegetational History
of the Southeastern United States. in Pollen
Records of Late-Quaternaru North American
Sediments. U.M. Bryant Jr. and R.G. Holloway
editors, American Association of Stratigraphic
Palynologist Foundation pp. 1-37.
Eastman, Jane M.
1990 Seventeenth Century Lithic Technologies
of the Piedmont Siouans. Unpublished Masters
thesis, Universtiy of North Carolina, Chapel
Hill.
14
Fenneman, Nevin -
1938 PhusioQraohu of the Eastern United States.
McGraw-Hill, New York.
Hargrove, Thomas
1987 An Archaeological Survey of the Proposed Site
of the Centennial Campus, North Carolina State
University, Raleigh, Wake County, North
Carolina. ms. on file, Archaeological Research
Consultants, Raleigh.
Hargrove, Thomas, Carol Spears, G. Ishmael Williams, and
Scott Madry
1986 Archeological Investigations of the National
Register Bennehan-Cameron Plantation Historic
District and the Areas of Proposed Recreational
Development and Proposed Wildlife
Subimpoundments at Falls Lake, Wake and Durham
Counties. Draft Report Submitted by
Archaeological Research Consultants, Inc. to the
Wilmington District, United States Army Corps
of Engineers.
Lawson, John
1967 A New Uouaae to Carolina. Reprinted facsimile
edition. The University of North Carolina
Press, Chapel Hill. edited by Hugh Lefler.
Originally published 1709, London.
Lefler, Hugh Talmage, and Albert Ray Newsome
19SLk North Carolina, The History of a Southern
Ste. The University of North Carolina Press,
Chapel Hill.
Little, Ruth
1990 National Register Nomination for Dorothea Dix
Hospital. ms. on file, Survey and Planning
Branch, Division of Archives and History,
Raleigh.
Murray, Elizabeth Reid
1983 Wake: Capital Countu of North Carolina.
vol. 1, Capital County Publishing, Raleigh.
Farker, Jahn M.
1979 Geoloau and Mineral Resources of Wake Countu..
North Carolina Geological Survey, Raleigh.
15
Phelps, David
1983 Archaeology of
Coastal Plain:
The Prehistoru
Mark A. Mathis
Carolina Divis
Raleigh.
the North Carolina Coast and
Problems and Hypotheses. in
of North Carolina, edited by
and Jeffrey J. Crow. North
ion of Archives and History,
Trimble, Stanley
1974 Man-Induced Soil Erosion on the Southern
Piedmont 1700-1970. Soil Conservation Society
of America, Awkeny, Iowa.
Ward, Trawick
1983 A Review of Archaeology in the North Carolina
Piedmont: A Study of Change. in the Prehistoru
g€ North Carolina. edited by Mark A. Mathis and
Jeffrey J. Crow. North Carolina Division of
Archives and History, Raleigh.
Ward, Trawick, and R.P. Stephen Davis, editors
1987 The Historic Occaneechi: An Archaeological
Investigation on Culture Change. Final Report
of the 1986 Excavations. Research Laboratories
of Anthropology, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill. .
Woodall, J. Ned
1984 The Donnaha Site: 1973, 1975 Excavations. North
Carolina Archaeological Council Publication 22.
17
PROPOSAL TO PERFORM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SERVICES
COASTAL CAROLINA RESEARCH, INC.
PROJECT: Archaeological Survey of Western Blvd From
the Railroad east to South Saunders Street,
Raleigh, Wake County.
DATE: July 2, 1990
Coastal Carolina Research, Inc. proposes to perform the
following archaeological services for Rummel, Klepper and
Kahl in compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act of 1966 and the Advisory Council on Historic
Preservation's Regulations for compliance with Section 106,
codified as 36 CFR Part 800. The scope of investigations
will be consistent with the Secretary of the Interior's
Guidelines for Archaeology and Historic Preservation.
2. Background review of the previously recorded sites in the
project area and review of previous archaeological research
performed in the project vicinity will be conducted.
Background research of the prehistoric period will be
combined with the previous research to assess the potential
for locating prehistoric sites, and the potential for the
types of sites likely to be.found. Historic background
research will be conducted to assess the potential for
encountering sites from the historic period, and the types of
sites likely to be encountered.
2. The Project Area is defined as a 0.5 mile, 150-foot
wide corridor extending from the railroad tracks east to
South Saunders St. in Raleigh, Wake County. The survey also
includes the areas proposed for the channel realignments of
Rocky Branch.
3. Intensive survey and appropriate testing to locate the
presence of archaeological sites in the Project Area will be
conducted. Subsurface testing will be employed in areas of
low surface visibility, with shovel tests generally on a 30
meter transept, depending on the land form. Even in areas of
low visibility, areas such as roadcuts, streambanks,
erosional gullies and other areas with surface exposure will
be sought out to maximize coverage. Areas of steep slope
will be inspected but will-not be intensively surveyed, and
streams will be examined for remains of water powered mills.
Severely disturbed and developed areas will not be surveyed.
Core samples will be made in the floodplain of Rocky Branch.
4. It is understood that the level of testing in the project
area will be sufficient to locate the archaeological sites
which can be detected by the above methods. Sites will be
evaluated for eligibility for the National Register of
Historic Places. In the event that sites containing
18
intact deposits
information are
be necessary to
eligibility for
This additional
current proposa
or which appear to contain significant
found, a more intensive testing program may
evaluate these resources and their
the National Register of Historic Places.
testing program is not included in the
1.
5. All archaeological sites located during the survey will
be given a permanent state site number obtained from the
Office of State Archaeology, and the state site forms will be
prepared and submitted to the Office of State Archaeology.
The curation of the artifacts will be at the Office of State
Archaeology or another acceptable repository. The proposed
fee for curation of artifacts is $75.00 per cubic foot, and a
minimum fee has been included in the budget.
S. A report will
guidelines issued
copies of a draft
and Kahl for tram
final report will
draft comments.
be prepared in compliance with the
by the Office of State Archaeology. Five
report will be submitted to Rummel, Klepper
smittal to the SHPO. Seven copies of the
be submitted 30 days after receiving the
7. Rummel, Klepper and Kahl will obtain permission to enter
the survey area and perform the archaeological survey.
8. A map showing the exact boundaries of the project area
will be furnished to the archaeologist prior to starting
work, if the current map-is revised.
9. Any land owned or controlled by the Federal or State
government is subject to their respective Archaeological
Resources Protection Acts (ARPA) and will require permits
prior to the survey. The preparation of the North Carolina
ARPA permit has been included in the budget.
PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
ATTACHMENT # 11
GUIDELINES
FOR
MOUNTAIN STREAM RELOCATIONS
IN
NORTH CAROLINA
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Technical Report Number I
M urch 1979
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1
GUIDELINES FOR MOUNTAIN STREAM RELOCATIONS
IN NORTH CAROLINA
By
P. 1. Wingate. W. R. Bonner. R. 1. Brown. B. At. Bu//.
J. H. Davies. J. H. Mickey and H. M. Ratledge
DIVISION OF INLAND FISHERIES
NORTH CAROLINA WILDLIFE RESOURCES COMMISSION
MARCH 1979

INTRODUCTION
Relocations of North Carolina's mountain trout streams traditionally have been a routine practice
during road constriction. This practice. has been extremely destructive to the state's fishery, wild-
life and recreational resources, because proper environmental consideration was not given to these
values during project designs. These values, however, must be included in future stream relocation
decisions. It is recognized that some stream relocation is unavoidable, but damage to the stream and
its associated riparian vegetation can be mitigated with careful planning. Studies have shown that
fish and wildlife resources can be maintained and even enhanced over those existing in the original
channel, if careful planning and certain design criteria are utilized in relocating stream sections.
The following criteria constitute the recommendations of the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission and are based on reviews of pertinent literature, field experience and consultation with
representatives of appropriate state and federal agencies. This report presents standard guidelines
for stream relocations which will facilitate road project reviews by the North Carolina Wildlife Re-
sources Commission and assist engineers in designing projects. -
These guidelines only cover normal relocation projects. Those projects which have unavoid-
able engineering problems, or involve highly productive or important trout waters will require special
review and recommendations by trained fishery biologists. To identify the proper person for consul-
tation, contact the Division of Inland Fisheries, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission,
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611, phone [phone].
N
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-2-
V
GUIDELINES FOR MOUNTAIN STREAM RELOCATIONS
1. Relocated channels should match original channel in length, slope and meanders unless topographic
restraints preclude this construction:
2. Relocated channel width and depth may vary as did the old channel, but the new channel width
(average) should be no_rpore than 1 1/3 times the old channel width (average).
' 3. Banks of the relocated stream should have a slope that varies between 1:1 and 2:1 unless impos-
sible because of topographic restraints (vertical cuts, exposed bedrock or unstable soil types).
4. Riprap, or other suitable materials, should be used to stabilize relocated stream banks to the ten-
year flood level, or the top, whichever Is lower. The upper portion of the bank should be covered
with topsoil suitable for growing grass.
5. Vegetation will be planted on both sides of the stream according to standard landscape procedures
unless this is prevented by topographic problems.( verlica I cuts or exposed bedrock).
a. Grasses and forbs will be seeded on the upper portion of the riprapped bank and on a
buffer strip beyond the bank for a distance of 7-15 in (25-50 A.). Recommended plants
are fescue (Kentucky 31), red fescue. sericea lespedeza, shrub lespedeza, timothy.
crown-vetch. Reed canary grass or other acceptable plants.
b. Shrubs will be planted on ilia stream bank (in the riprap) and/or near the top edge of the
bank. Recommended shrubs include rhododendron, autumn olive and tag alder.
c. Trees should be planted adjacent to the upper edge of the stream bank. Trees to be
utilized are purple osier willow, dogwood, river birch, sycamore, black or yellow locust,
serviceberry, hemlock, maple, oak and hickory. Dogwood and/or willow should be planted.
when feasible, in the same area as the shrubs.
e. State right-of-way should extend a minimum of five stream widths beyond ilia top of each stream
bank or to a maximum of 15 in (50 ft.), in order to protect the stream from bordering development.
7. Fences will be installed on the state's right-of-way line to prevent cattle from grazing on the
trees and shrubs in places other than established livestock watering areas.
8. Fence crossings for fishermen access will be constructed where fences exist between the road
and the stream. These crossings should be a maximum of 275 m 1300 yds.) apart.
9. Narking areas should be provided near the fence crossings to allow for angler access to the
stream sections.
10. Sireambeds, of tributaries entering an altered section, will Ix: contiguous with those of the main run
and will be sloped so as not to impede the upstream movement of fish. This slope should not ex-
ceed five percent unless an exception is approved by the Nurih Carolina Wildlife Resources Com-
mission.
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I1. If gravel,.rubble, or bedrock is not present in the new stream channel, a suitable substrate
will be provided. The following mixture of atone will serve as guidelines for this substrate
and should be at least .5 m (1.5 ft.) deep.
25% - Coarse rubble - 15-30 cm diam (6-12 in.)
25% - Fine rubble - 7.5-15 cm diem (3.6 in.)
25% - Coarse gravel - 2.5-7.5 cm diem (1-3 in.)
25% - Fine gravel - 0.3-2.5 cm diam (0.12-1 in.)
12. Culverts or stream crossings should be designed to facilitate passage of fish during normal water
flows.. Bridges are the preferred type of structures for stream crossings followed by open-bottomed
box culverts, countersunk corrugated pipe and countersunk box culverts (Lauman 1976). These
types of structures should be located in a manner to insure that the following conditions are
satisfied:
a. No sudden change in stream velocity will occur above, below. or in the structure.
b. No structure is to be located on a curve in the stream.
c. Structures must be designed to fit the stream, not the stream designed to fit the
structure (Lauman 1076).
In culverts longer than 45 in (150 ft.), the average eater velocity at normal flow should not exceed
0.6 m/sec (2 ft./sec.) (Lauman 19761. In all culverts 'containing an artificial substrate, the bot-
tom should be as rough as possible. Culvert size should be large enough to prevent pooling at the
upstream end. All culverts will be designed so that the entrance and exit from them is even with
or below the natural streambed. Countersunk structures should have their bases 0.5 m (1.5 ft.) be-
low the streambed. Regular maintenance may be needed to keep the culverts clean.
13. All work on a relocated stream will be completed before water is diverted into it.
14. Any relocated stream section less than 30 in (100 ft.) in length will contain only random boulder
placement as an insiream structure.
1 15. lustruain structures will be used for environmental and habitat enhancement. Recommended
structures for implementation are as follows:
1 a. Boulders:
1. Will be randumly plucud in thalweg (main channel) Fig. 4.
2. Will be angular and oblong.
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3. The long axis will be 1/3 of the stream width or 1.5 m 15 ft.l, whichever is
smaller.
b. Low water rock dams:
1- Will be designed to have an upstream arch (Figure 1A).
2. Rucks .5-1 m (1.5-3 ft.) in diameter will be buried a minimum of 0.3 m (1 ft.) in
the eln:amhed.
3. Will be designed to have the top of the large rocks 0.3-0.0 m (1-2 ft.) above
normal water level and sloping down to a maximum height of 0.2-0.5 m (.5-1.5 ft.)
ut the center of the dam (Figure IB).
4. Will utilize two or more rows of rocks to install this device with the upstream
ruw consisting of smaller rocks (Figure 10.
5. All rocks in the dam should be keyed (hand-placed) to each other to increase
sluhility.
0. Each end of the dam should be contiguous with the bank riprap (Figure 113).
c. Stone and rock defluctara:
1 - Will he used in relocated stream sections greater than 30 m (100 ft.) in length.
2. Will he shaped in a 30-00-00 degree trianglo with the 30 degree angle to be up-
stream and against the bunk (Figure 2A). In cases where there is less than
five stream widths between the double wing and single wing deflectors, eliminate
the lust single wing deflector.
3. Stone and ruck will be a minimum of 0.5 m (1.5 ft.) in diameter, while in larger
channels, rock up to 1.5 m (5 ft.) in diameter may be appropriate.
4. Stone and rock in the deflectors will be dug into the stream bottom a minimum
of 0.3 m (1 ft.).
5. Top of rocks in the deflectors (near bank) will be approximately 0.3 m (1 ft.) .
above thn normal stream flow and sloped to 0.2 m (.5 ft.l at the apex of the
deflectors. (Figure 2111.
6. Sump: and rock in deflectors will be contiguous with the bank riprap. (Fig-
ure 2A1.
7. Deflectors will be located five stream widths apart. All measurements will
start ut the downstream end of the relocated stream.
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a. Deflectors:
I
a. Single wing - The single wing deflector will extend one-half of the way
across the stream (Figure 2A).
b. Double wing - The double wing deflector will extend one-quarter of the
way across the stream, will be opposite each other and the narrowest
point between the deflectors will be one-half of the stream width (Fig-
ure 31.
c. Deflector pattern - The first and last deflector in a relocated channel
will be a double wing, with the general pattern to be double wing, single
wing, single wing, double wing, single wing. etc. Placement of de-
flectors in a meandering stream will follow the pattern as depicted in
Figure 4. (Note: Deflectors are not to be placed on outside curves.)
The method of implementing these structures is shown in Table 1.
1•
1
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b
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• REFERENCES
Anonymous. (Z1, Stream improvement handbook. Maccaferii Cabions of America, Inc.. N. Y. 15 pp.
Anonymous. 1968. Cabions provide solutions to fishery management dilemma. The Izaak Walton
Magazine. 31(21:10-11.
- Apmann. R. P., and M. B. Otis. 1965. Sedimentation and stream improvement. N. Y. Fish and Came )
.
12(21:117-128.

Archer, D. L. 1972. Evaluation of stream improvement work. S. C. Wildlife and Marine Resources De-
partment. F-10-7. 15 pp.
Barton, 1. R., and P. V. Winger. 1973. A study of the channelization of the Weber River, Summit County
,
Utah. Final Report Utah Division Wildlife Resources and Utah State Department of Highways.
188 pp.
Boremen, 1. 1974. Effects of stream improvement on juvenile rainbow trout in Cayuga Inlet, New York.
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B
orovieka, R. L. 1968. Stream preservation ari 1 improvement. U. S. Bureau of Land Management
Manual.
Clark. O. 11. 1948. Stream improvements in Michigan. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 75:270-280.
Coming, R. V. 1909. Water fluctuation, a detrimental influence on trout streams. Proceedings of the
23rd Annual Conference Southeastern Assoc. Came and Fish Comm. 23:431.454.
Ehlers. R. 1956. An evaluation of stream improvement devices constructed eighteen years ago. Calif.
Fish and Came. 42(3):203-217. •
Fox. C. K. 1965. Cuide to stream improvement. Sports AfiAd. 154(2):30-31. 56-59.
Card. R. 1961. Creation of trout habitat by constructing small dams. J. Wildl. Manage. 25141:384-390.
Cee, M. C. 1952. Fish stream improvement handbook. U. S. Forest Service. U.S.D.A. 21 pp.
1 Hale, J. C. 1969• An evaluation of trout stream improvement in a north shore tributary of Lake Superior.
Minn. Fish Invest. 5:37-50. ,
Harrison, 1. S. 1963. Statewide fisheries investigations. Fisheries investigations in district number 2.
Evaluation of stream improvement structures. N. M. Dept. of Came and Fish. F-022-11-04. Wk.
PI. 02. 15 pp.
r
Huish, At. T. 1977. Bibliography and abstracts of references to trout stream modifications. N. C.
Stale Coop. Fishery Research Unit. 30 pp.

Hunt, R. L. 1971. Response of a brook trout population to habitat development in Lawrence Cr
ek
e
.
Wisc. Dept. of Nat. Res. Tech. Bull. No. 48. 35 pp.
Jackson, B. 1. 1974. Stream bed stabilization in Enfield Creek, New York. N. Y. Fish and Came 1.
21(1):32-46.
' Kanaly. 1. 1975. Stream improvement evnluation in the Rock Creek fishory. Carbon County (Adden-
dum). Wyoming Came and Fish Dept.. Administrative Report 5075-01i-6602. 14 pp.
• r
f •, ... .. .. . .i, t'• ,.1'l i!IR`". .. 'L .: ?eJ:4a.,w.:....,y??K«.:1Z? ;h w. .. n.: ?i..io.'•?ryYnc-'.:+•t.•.+a+?q,,:
Langbein, W. B.. and L. B. Leopold. 1986. River meanders - theory of minimum variance. Geo-
logical Survey Profess. Paper. 422-H. 15 pp.
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for passage of salmonids. Oregon Dept. of Fish and Wildl., Environ. Mgmt. Sect. 78 pp.
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Geological Survey Prof. Papers. 282-B:39-84.
Leopold, L. B. 1962. Rivers. Am. Sci. 50(4):511-537.
Leopold, L. B., and W. B. Langbein. 1966. River meanders. Sci. Am. 214(6):80-70.
Lithe, R. C. 1965. Statewide fisheries investigations. Evaluation of stream improvement structures.
on Eagle Creek. N. M. Dept. of Came and Fish. F-22-R-6. Wk. Pl. 4. 5 pp.
Lund, 1. A. 1976. Evaluation of stream channelization and mitigation of the fishery resources of
the St. Regis River, Montana. Office of Biological Services, U. S. D. L. Fish and Wildlife
Service. FWS/OBS-76-07. PP.
Mueller, ). W. 1954. Wyoming stream improvements. Wyo. Wildlife. 18(49):30-32.
Otis, M. B. 1958. Guide to stream improvement. N. Y. State Dept. of Environ. Cons. Information
Leaflet. 19 pp.
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Divisions, Pa. Fish Comm. 21 pp.
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63-7. 12 pp.
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Michigan trout stream. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 76:248-278.
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deflectors. Curios of Engineer 404 General Permit. 27 pp.
•?! -
?..... ...c1?..•t-.?rK??. a.. ..iia:w.wf/?N?e+.+v?•.waw?..?.u?.?r.-.. ..?-?.-?. -13- .r?• .. ?..
w

+inmr, h., un,l I. R. Porter. 11)111). Hxperimenial improvement of a bulldozed trout stream in north-
ern Maine. Truns. Am. Fiah. Soc. 89:59-413.
Watts, F. J., 1', Bass, C. P. Lluu, and M. Harrison. 1972. Inveatigetlon of culverts and hydraulic
structures used for fishways and•the enhancement of fish habitat. Univ. Idaho Water Res.
Research Inatit. Publ. 216. 13 pp.
White, R. I., and U. M. Brynildson. 1967. Guidelines for management of trout stream habitat in
Wisconsin. Wisc. Dept. of Nat. Res., Tech. Bull. No. 39, 58 pp.
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20 pp.
J
PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
CrA
ATTACHMENT # 12
•s r
J .
?rrTr.-
orth Carolina Department of Human Resources
101 131air Drivc • Raleigh, North ('arohna 27t50;
James (;..Martin. Governor
September 25, 1989
The Honorable Avery Upchurch
Mayor, City of Raleigh
Post Office Box 590
Raleigh, North Carolina 27602
Dear Mayor Upchurch,
David "I". I:lahcrt\,. Sccrcran
I appreciate your visit with me to discuss the city's plans to
extend Western Boulevard. The alternative A-5 appears to address the
critical issues that the Department has in the area of patient safety
and preservation of the hospital's grounds and appearance.
Al.thottgh I am not addressing the need for the extension, the
Department is prepared to recommend access to the property controlled
by the Department of Human Resources for that area necessary to
construct Alternativ(e-?/AS. When the city is ready to begin
construction please anise me and I will make the property available
to the state property office for appropriate disposition. I commend
you and your staff in providing the many options to review and your
willingness to take our concerns into consideration.
If you have any questions please let me know.
S ince ly
David T. Flaherty
DTF:AI,G:ge13
cc: Ruby Hooper
Don Taylor
Charlie Holiday
PROPOSED WESTERN BLVD EXTENSION
APPL. FOR SECT. 401 CERTIFICATION
404? ATTACHMENT # 13
WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION INFORMATION
Traffic Pattern Changes within the Boylan Heights Historic District
The construction of the Western Boulevard Extension will result in major traffic
reductions on most streets within the Boylan Heights Historic District (see Figure 1),
particularly along Cabarrus, Lenoir and South Streets, as well as Dorothea Drive. Except
for most of Cabarrus, these streets are currently operating as one-way streets with
restricted on-street parking. After the boulevard's construction, Cabarrus Street will no
longer connect to Western Boulevard and traffic movements will be restricted at the
Boylan Avenue connection
As a result, practically all through traffic (i.e., traffic with destinations more than a 1/4
mile away from the district) will shift to the new boulevard. However. some local traffic
movements (e.g., with destinations in the immediate proximity, such as along the
northern part of South Saunders Street and along Boylan Avenue south of Hillsborough
Street) will remain on the existing street system.
Once traffic is shifted to the new roadway --- and with the support of the Boylan
Heights neighborhood's residents --- all one-way streets may be converted back to two-
way operations within the Historic District, if objectionable cut-through traffic patterns
would not result. On-street parking may be restored wherever sufficient pavement width
permits. Because the changes involved could be accomplished quickly and at relatively
low cost, it would be desirable to wait until after the traffic pattern changes had stabilized
to ascertain appropriate street operation modifications. The City staff has no objections
to restoring two-way traffic and on-street parking on these streets.
Future Traffic
Current traffic forecasts (see Figure 2) anticipate more than 36,000 vehicles per day
using the Western Boulevard Extension by the year 2010 (roughly twice the traffic
currently traveling through the Boylan Heights Historic District). These forecasts are
derived from current projections of future land use which anticipate continued urban
growth in downtown Raleigh and in the N. C. State University / Centennial Campus Area
(already two of the six largest employment centers in the Research Triangle region).
As this urban growth occurs, increased travel to, from, and between these two nearby
areas is expected. Western Boulevard traffic is now, and will continue to be, almost
exclusively made up of these relatively short trips of which one or both ends occur inside
the Beltline. Long distance travel (i.e., trips with origins and destinations outside the
Beltline) will continue to use the Beltline.
40? WESTERN BOULEVARD EXTENSION INFORMATION (Cont.)
9/10/92 Page 2
The completion of the entire Western Boulevard / Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard will
create a second continuous east-west street corridor serving the entire area inside the
Beldine. This will provide traffic relief to the heavily-traveled Hillsborough /Morgan /
New Bern corridor while improving air quality in central Raleigh because traffic flows
along the boulevard will be smoother, with less stops and starts. Less congestion will
also reduce the frequency and severity of traffic accidents as well.
NCSU's Centennial Campus
In 1986, approximately 800 acres of land was transferred from the Dorothea Dix
Hospital Campus to N. C. State University. In May of 1986, the NCSU Board of
Trustees approved a master plan concept for the development of this property, to be
known as Centennial Campus (see Figure 3). After nearly two years of study, the
Raleigh City Council gave final approval to the conditional-use rezoning of the
Centennial Campus property on August 3, 1988.
The conditions of this rezoning permit up to 11.9 million square feet of total floor area in
a variety of uses including academic, corporate, commercial and residential. Upon
buildout (estimated to take forty to sixty years), Centennial Campus would have a
daytime population of around thirty thousand people while providing housing for about
ten thousand people.
The campus is to be developed in four phases, with a separate master plan to be approved
by the City for each phase. Phase I has been already been approved, allowing
approximately 3.1 million square feet of total floor area to be constructed. Of this
amount approximately 523,000 square feet has been completed or approved for
construction to date.
Actual progress on the development of Centennial Campus has been slower than
originally anticipated; however, the City's approval of the rezoning and NCSU's
continued commitment to the concept's realization remain in place. As such, plans for
infrastructure to support Centennial Campus, of which the extension of Western
Boulevard is one of several parts, remain appropriate.
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