19930316 Ver 1_COMPLETE FILE_19930604

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WILMINGTON DISTRICT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
P.O. BOX 1890
WILMINGTON. NORTH CARCLINA 28402-1890
IN REPLY REFER TO April 14, 1993
Regulatory Branch
Action ID. 199301878
Dare County
Post Office Box 1000
Manteo, North Carolina 27954
Gentlemen:
U
APR ? ? 19y3
I 4
On February 11, 1991, we renewed general permit No. CESAW-C080-N-000-0291
(copy enclosed), which provides Federal authorization for construction
activities that receive authorization from the State of North Carolina.
A review of your application received April 5, 1993, for Department of the
Army authorization to place excavated/fill materials in wetlands adjacent to
Fresh Pond associated with drilling of wells to support the Regional
Desalination Water Treatment Facility, Kill Devil Hills/Nags Head, Dare
County, North Carolina, indicates it to be a candidate for Federal
authorization under this general permit. Accordingly, the administrative
processing of your application will be accomplished by the North Carolina
Division of Coastal Management. Comments from Federal review agencies will be
furnished to the State.
If your application must be withdrawn from this general permit process for
any reason, you will be informed regarding its further management. If there
are no unresolved differences in State-Federal positions or policies, the
final action taken on your application by the State will result in your
receiving written notice from us that your application is consistent with the
general permit and you may commence your activity. Only after receiving such
confirmation should you confirmation should you begin work.
Your application, pursuant to
assigned Action ID No. 199301878
in our Washington Field Office.
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, has been
and will be coordinated by Mr. Raleigh Bland
He is available at telephone [phone].
Sincerely,
G. Wayne Wright
Chief, Regulatory Branch
Enclosure
-2-
Copies Furnished (without enclosure):
Mr. John Parker
Division of Coastal Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
Mr. John Dorney
Wa r Quality Section
ivision of Environmental
Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
Ms. L. K. (Mike) Gantt
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, North Carolina 27636-3726
Mr. Larry Hardy
National Marine Fisheries Service
Habitat Conservation Division
Pivers Island
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516
Mr. Thomas Welborn, Chief
U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency - Region IV
Wetlands Regulatory Unit
345 Courtland Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30365
Mr. David Griffin, District Manager
N.C. Division of Coastal Management
1367 U.S. Highway 17 South
Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27909
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WILMINGTON DISTRICT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
P.O. BOX 1890
WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890
October 22, 1993
IN HtF'L7 Htl-EH I V
Regulatory Branch
Action ID No. 199301878 and State Permit No. 66-93
Dare County
Post Office Box 1000
Manteo, North Carolina 27954
Gentlemen:
NOV
3 1993
sECP I
Through coordination with the North Carolina Division of Coastal
Management, we have learned of the modification of your State permit which
authorizes you to place excavate/fill materials in wetlands adjacent to Fresh
Pond associated with drilling of wells to support the Regional Desalination
Water Treatment Facility, Rill Devil Hills/Nags Head, Dare County, North
Carolina. This modification involves the installation of two monitoring
wells.
Your revised plan is consistant with the provisions and objectives of
general permit No. CSSAW-CO80-N-000-0291. Therefore, you may continue your
activity in strict accordance with your modified State authorization. Failure
to comply with the State authorization or conditions of the general permit
could result in civil and/or administrative penalties.
If any further change in your work is required because of unforeseen or
altered conditions or for any other reason, plans revised to show the change
must be sent promptly to this office and the North Carolina Division of
Coastal Management prior to performing any such change or alteration. Such
action is necessary as revised plans must be reviewed and the authorization
modified.
Questions or comments may be addressed to Mr. Mickey Sugg, Washington
Field Office, Regulatory Branch, telephone [phone].
Sincerely,
G. Wayne Wright
Chief, Regulatory Branch

-2-
Copies Furnished:
. John Dorney
Division of Environmental
Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
Mr. John Parker
Division of Coastal Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
Mr. David Griffin
Elizabeth City Regional Office
North Carolina Division
of Coastal Management
1367 U.S. Highway 17 South
Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27909
VS

V.'A3HJNG1'0N uF ICE

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources
512 North Salisbury Street 0 Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
April 2, 1993
MEMORANDUM
TO:
FROM:
Mr. A. Preston Howard, Director
Division of Environmental Management
John R. Parker, Chief
Major Permits Processing Coordinator
SUBJECT: CAMA/DREDGE & FILL Permit Application Review
Applicant: Dare County
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
Project Location: West & south of Fresh Pond at west end of 8th St., Kill Devil Hills,
Nags Head
Proposed Project: Drill 2 to 4 deep water wells around the Fresh Pond to provide water
to their Regional Desalination Water Treatment Facility
Please indicate below your agency's position or viewpoint on the proposed project and
return this form by April 23, 1993. If you have any questions regarding the proposed
project, please contact David R. Griffin at [phone]. When appropriate, in-depth
comments with supporting data is requested.
REPLY This agency has no objection to the project as proposed.
This agency has no comment on the proposed project.
recommended changes
This agency approves of the proje t only if ?A9))
are incorporated. See attached. (M, " 7 This agency objects to the project for reasons described in the
attached comments.
{
f q9
Date I?l ` f
Signed
d ? // _-, I
!'O 11ox 27687, R,dcipli, Nnrlh (arnlina )7611 7687 Ideptionc `W) 733-4gy.1 lax N 919 73 1 0013
An I(pial Opp umi1% /affirmative /V601) f nlploNcr
DIVISION O:F ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
WATER QUALITY SECTION
Are9, 1993
MEMO
TO: John Parker
FROM: John Dorney
RE: Dare County wells
Desalination Plant
Dare County
The Division of Environmental Management has no objection to
the installation of these wells as described in the 14 April 1993
CAMA application as long as the Federal conditions as outline in
the COE letter on 12 May 1993 are followed. In addition, DEM
sould be copied on all reports sent from the County regarding the
operation of the wells ani their effects on nearby shallow water
tables.
Please call me if you have any questions.
93316.ltr
cc: Washington DEM Regional Office
Central Files
.?Ul?i 2 f,
To: John Dorney 1993
Planning Branch
• DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT n
CAMA/COE PERMIT APPLICATION REVIEW
WaRO PROJECT # Q ! 3 WQ SUPERVISOR: THO E
REVIEWER: SAWYER DATE: G 3/173
WETLAND INFORMATION FOR CENTRAL OFFICE TRACKING
PERMIT YR: 9 P T O COUNTY: Z
.P
aa_
PROJECT NAME : Li??-<o px'4
PROJECT TYPE: PERMIT TYPE: OE
COE #: /
DOT #
RCD FROM CDA. • :
C"? DATE FROM CDA:
REG OFFICE: WaRO RIVER S BASIN #:
STREAM OR ADJACENT WATER BODY: FrtglC Pr?
CLASS: STREAM INDEX #: 56 OPEN OR CLOSEp
WL IMPACT : WL TYPE :
WL REQUESTED: WL ACR EST:
HYDRO CNECT?: WL SCORE:
MITIGATION: MITIGATION TYPE:
MITIGATION SIZE: G SHEET ATTACHED?
RECOMMENDATION: S ISSUE/COND DENY HOLD
STORMWATER PLAN REQ'D: 4 IF YES, DATE APPROVED: PROJECT DESCRIPTION: /
WATER QUALITY CERT. (401)
CERT. REQ'D:
IF YES, TYPE : •--?
SEWAGE DISPOSAL
TYPE OF DISPOSAL PROPOSED:
(EXISTING, PROPOSED, SEPTIC TANK ETC.)
TO BE PERMITTED BY:
(DEM, DHS, COUNTY)
IF BY DEM, IS SITE AVAILABLE AND PERMIT ISSUANCE PROBABLE:
WATER/WETLAND FILL
AREA OF FILL: WATER: o " WETLAND: O
IS FILL ELIMINATING A SIGNIFICANT USE?
DREDGING
AREA TO BE DREDGED: - D
IS DREDGING ACTIVITY EXPECTED TO CAUSE A SIGNIFICANT LOSS OF
RESOURCE?
IS SPOIL DISPOSAL ADEQUATELY ADDRESSED?
MARINA ,
ARE THE FOLLOWING ADEQUATELY ADDRESSED?
SEWAGE DISPOSAL: MARINA SERVICES:
OXYGEN IN BASIN: CLOSURE OF SHELLFISHING WATERS:
CC: WaRO; Central Files; DCM Field Offices; COE Washington Office
RECOMMENDED CONDITIONS OR PERMIT RESTRICTIONS: T,3
I'V
I
DIVISION OF ENV 4ONM NTAL MANAGEMENT
MEMORANDUM
• TO: Bill Moore, Environmental Engineer
Water Quality Section, WaRO
FROM: Deborah Sawyer, Environmental Technician
Water Quality Section, WaRO
SUBJECT: Dredge and Fill Reviews for Stormwater Review
• _ - _ /1 It
-
Project:_,&Z
Project No.:
Date Receive
r''nat Date Comment: A
Description of Project:
See. Rylarked
Comments:

r DIVISION OF COAS'T'AL MANAGEMENT
FIELD INVESTIGATION REPORT

1. APPLICANT'S NAME: Dare County
2. LOCATION OF PROJECT SITE: West and South of Fresh Pond at West end of Eighth Street, Kill
Devil Hills, Nags Head, Dare County.
Photo Index - 1989: 42-34 1984: 138-451
State Plane Coordinates - X: 2988350 Y: 831500
3. INVESTIGATION TYPE: CAMA
4. INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURE: Dates of Site Visit - 3/11/93
Was Applicant Present - No
5. PROCESSING PROCEDURE: Application Received - 3/29/93
Office - Elizabeth City
6. SITE DESCRIPTION:
(A) Local Land Use Plan - Nags Head/Kill Devil Hills
Land Classification From LUP - Conservation/Conversation
(B) AEC(s) Involved: Fresh Pond Small Surface Water Supply Watershed
(C) Water Dependent: No
(D) Intended Use: Water Supply for Desalination Plant
(E) Wastewater Treatment: Existing - N/A
Planned - N/A
(F) Type of Structures: Existing - Water "Treatment Plants, Storage Tanks
Planned - Wells, Pumps, Pump Houses,Pipe
(G) Estimated Annual Rate of Erosion: N/A
Source - N/A
7. HABITAT DESCRIPTION: [AREA]
DREDGED FILLED
OTHER
(A) Vegetated Wetlands
(B) Non-Vegetated Wetlands
(C) Other
Maritime scrub/thicket
Trenched & Refilled
13,500 sq ft
(D) Total Area Disturbed: 14,500 sq ft (0.33 acres)
(E) Primary Nursery Area: N/A
(F) Water Classification: N/A Open: N/A
8. PROJECT SUMMARY: Dare County proposes to drill from two to four deep water wells on
property of Kill Devil Hills and Nags Head around the Fresh Pond in order to provide water to their
Regional Desalination Water Treatment Facility located in Kill Devil Hills.
.Bio Report
Page 2
SITE DESCRIPTION
The Fresh Pond straddles the line dividing the town limits of Kill Devil Hills and Nags Head in Dare
County. The land around the Pond and extending some distance south of the Pond is owned by Kill Devil
Hills and Nags Head. The property is located adjacent to and just east of the Nags Head Woods area,
which is a conservation area managed by the Nature Conservancy. The land on the west and south side of
the Pond is a sandy environment exhibiting some dune and Swale topography. The dune areas are
vegetated with loblolly pines, live oaks and scattered persimmon trees. The swales are vegetated with a
variety of understory ferns, sedges and other wetland species. Some of the lower swales contain standing
water. Sand access trails exist throughout the property allowing access by four-wheel drive vehicles.
Dare County proposes to install two to four deep-water wells on the property of Kill Devil Hills and
Nags Head to supply water to its Desalination (Reverse Osmosis) Plant. The towns of Kill Devil Hills and
Nags Head have agreed to allow one well and three wells, respectively, on their property. The
approximate well locations are indicated on the attached plats. Each well will be drilled approximately
450' deep below ground elevation. A force main will connect each of the wells and will be buried in an
excavated trench. A 15' by 15' pump house will be constructed on a concrete slab on top of each well.
The extracted water will be pumped by a force main to the Reverse Osmosis Plant for proper treatment.
The applicant proposes to access each well site by using the existing sand trails on the property. The
details of the proposal and hydrographic information are contained in the project summaries that are
attached.
ANTICIPATED IMPACTS
The withdrawal from the deepwater aquifer may have some impact on the shallow, freshwater aquifer
that supplies Fresh Pond with its water. This impact and the potential impact of the withdrawal on the
adjacent maritime scrub/thicket will need to be investigated by appropriate agencies. The exact location of
each well site and the transmission lines will need to be determined and examined by appropriate agencies
to insure that wetlands will not be impacted by the project.
CAMA REVIEW
The project is being reviewed for consistency with the appropriate land use plan. Comments on this
land use plan review will be forwarded as soon as possible.
.Please type or print. Carefully describe all anticipated
development activities, including construction, excava-
tion, filling, paving, land clearing, and stormwater con-
trol. If the requested information is not relevant to your
project, write N/A (not applicable). Items 1-4 and 8-9
must be completed for all projects.
1 APPLICANT
a. Name County of Dare
Address PO Box 1000
City Manteo
If you plan to build a marina, also complete and
attach Form DCM-MP-2. !AIR 4 '91'l
b. Is the proposed activity maintenance of an
existing project, new work, or both?
New Fork ''.nrt7HY
c. Will the project be for community, private, or
commercial use?
Community
State NC d. Describe the planned use of the pproject.
Refer to attached narrative
Zip 27954 Day phone [phone]
Landowner or X Authorized agent
b. Project name (if any) 1993 Water System
Improvements
c. If the applicant is not the landowner, also give the
owner's name end addre? .
Town of Kill Devil Hills
Y.V. box 1/V7
i evi Hills, NG 2/946
Town o Nags ea
Box 99
Nags Head, NC 27959
2 LOCATION OF PROPOSED
PROJECT
a. Street address or secondary road number
Dead End of Eight Street at the Fresh
Pond.
b. City, town, communit, or landmark
Nags Head Water Treatment Plant
4 LAND AND WATER
CHARACTERISTICS
a. Size of entire tract 100 Acres +
b. Size of individual lot(s) 1 Acre Well Sites
c. Elevation of tract above mean sea level or
National Geodetic Vertical Datum
16 feet MSL
d. Soil type(s) and texture(s) of tract
Sand - Sand/Clay
e. Vegetation on tract Pines and Scrub Oak
f. Man-made features now on tract
None
c. County Dare g. What is the LAMA Land Use Plan Classification of
d. Is proposed work within city limits or planning the site? (Consult the local land use plan.)
jurisdiction? Yes
e. Name of body of water nearest project
Fresh Pond
3 DESCRIPTION AND PLANNED USE
OF PROPOSED PROJECT
X Conservation E2 Transitional
Developed Community
Rural _ Other
h. How is the tract zoned by local government?
SED 80 (Special environmental District)
i. How are adjacent waters classified?
Fresh Pond WS3
a. Describe all development activities you propose (for j. Hasa professional archaeological survey been
example, building a home, motel, marina, bulkhead, carried out for the tract? No If so, by whom?
or pier). Refer to attached narrative
3/91 1
'S UPLAND DEVELOPMENT
Complete this section if the project includes any land
development.
a. Type and number of buildings, facilities or
structures proposed One structure twell house)
at each site.
b. Number of lots or parcels
Four
c. Density (Give the number of residential units and the
units per acre.) N/A
d. Size of area to be graded or disturbed
40 feet x 40 feet
e. If the proposed project will disturb more than one
acre of land, the Division of Land Resources must
receive an erosion and sedimentation control plan at
least 30 days before land disturbing activity begins.
If applicable, has a sedimentation and erosion
control plan been submitted to the Division of Land
Resources? no
f. Give the percentage of the tract within 75 feet of
mean high water to be covered by impermeable
Surfaces such(s avement, buildings, rooftops.
Less than percent
g. List the materials, such as marl, paver stone, asphalt,
or concrete, to be used for paved surfaces.
None vrovosed.
h. If applicable, has a stormwater management plan
been submitted to the Division of Environmental
Management? N/A
I. Describe proposed sewage disposal and/or waste
water treatment facilities.
N [A
j. Have these facilities received state or local approval?
Site approval by DEIINR Public Water
Supply Section (Letter Attached)
k. De cribe existit)g "atment facllltieg.
Wells described 1.n attactie11 narrative
1. Describe location and type of discharges to waters of
the state (for example, surface runoff, sanitary
wastewater, industrial/commercial effluent, "wash
down"). Refer to attached narrative
m. Water supply source
Yorktown Aquifer
n. If the project Is oceanfront development, describe
the steps that will be taken to maintain established
public beach accessways or provide new access.
N/A
o. If the project is on the oceanfront, what will be the
elevation above mean sea level of the first habitable
floor.? N/A
6 EXCAVATION AND FILL
INFORMATION
a. Describe below the purpose of proposed excavation
or fill activities (excluding bulkheads, which are
covered In Section 7). N/A
Access channel
(MLW) or (NWL)
Boat basin
Other (break-
water, pier,
boat ramp,
rock jetty)
Fill placed in
wetland or below
MHW
Upland fill
areas

b. Amount of material to be excavatfiUmm below
water level in cubic yards
c. Type of material
Length Width Depth
N/A
d. Does the area to be excavated include marshland,
swamps,,other wetlands?
e. High ground excavation, in cubic yards
N/A
2 3/91
f. Din;eNn)S ns of spoil disposal area
g. Location of spoil disposal area N/A
h. Do you claim title to the disposal area? N/A
If not, attach a letter granting permission from the
owner.
i.
Will a disposal area be available for future
maintenance? N/A
If so, where?
j. Does the disposal area include any marshland,
swamps, or water areas?
N/A
k. Will the fill n %erial be placed below mean high
water? N_
1. Amount of fill in cubic yards
m. Type of fill material
N/A
N/A
n. Source of fill material
N/A
o. Will fill material be place NopAmarsh or other
wetlands?
p. Dimensions of the wetland to be filled
N/A
q. How will excavated or fill material be kept on site
and erosion controlled?
N/A
r. What type of construction equipment will be used
(for example, dragline, backhoe, or hydraulic
dredge)? N/A
s. Will wetlands be crossed in transporting equipment
to project site? NO If yes, explain steps that will
be taken to lessen environmental impacts.
7 SHORELINE STABILIZATION
a. Length of bulkhead or riprap N/A
b. Average distance waterward of mean high water or
normal water level N/A
c. Shoreline erosion during preceding 12 months, in
feet N/A
d. Type of bulkhead material N/A
e. Amount of fill, in cubic yards, ss, to be placed o1 V '93
mean high water
?:, **r1,m a.r
f. Type of fill material NIA
8 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
In addition to the completed application form, the follow-
ing items must be submitted:
A copy of the deed (with state application only) or other
instrument under which the applicant claims title to the
affected property. If the applicant is not claiming to be
the owner of said property, then forward a copy of the
deed or other instrument under which the owner claims
title, plus written permission from the owner to cant' out
the project.
An accurate work plat (including plan view and cross
sectional drawings) drawn to scale in black ink on an 8
1/2 x 11 white paper. (Refer to Coastal Resources
Commission Rule 7J.0203 for a detailed description.)
Please note that original drawings are preferred and
only high quality copies will be accepted. Blue-line
prints or other larger plats are acceptable only if 18 high
quality copies are provided by applicant. (Contact the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers regarding that agency's
use of larger drawings.) A site or location map is a part
of plat requirements and it must be sufficiently detailed
to guide agency personnel unfamiliar with the area to the
site. Include county road (SR) numbers, landmarks, and
the like.
A stormwater management plan, if applicable, that
may have been developed in consultation with the
Division of Environmental Management.
A list of the names and complete addresses of the
adjacent waterfront (riparian) landowners. These
individuals have 30 days in which to submit comments
on the proposed project to the Division of Coastal
Management and should be advised by the applicant of
that opportunity. N/A
3/91
Name
Address
Name
Address
Name
Address
A list of previous state or federal permits issued for
work on the project tract. Include permit numbers,
permittee, and issuing dates.
For Dare County (copy attached)
Permit Number 177-88 issued 8/8/88
A check for $250 made payable to the Department of
Environment, Health, and Natural Resources to cover
the costs of processing the application.
A signed AEC hazard notice for projects in oceanfront
and inlet areas.
A statement on the use of public funds. If the project
involves the expenditure of public funds, attach a state-
ment documenting compliance with the North Carolina
Environmental Policy Act (N.C.G.S. 113A-1 to 10).
9 CERTIFICATION AND PERMISSIQN
TO ENTER ON LAND
Any permit issued in response to this application will
allow only the development described in the application.
The project will be subject to conditions and restrictions
contained In the permit.
I certify that to the best of my knowledge, the proposed
activity complies with the State of North Carolina's ap-
proved Coastal Management Program and will be con-
ducted in a manner consistent with such program.
I further certify that I am authorized to grant, and do in
fact, grant permission to representatives of state and
federal review agencies to enter on the aforementioned
lands in connection with evaluating information related
to this permit application and follow-up monitoring of
project.
This is the r ? day of ria rch 19 93
X l?
Landowner or Authorized agent
Terry T.. Wheeler
County AtanaQer

c '

4 3/91

COUNTY OF DARE
1993 WATER IMPROVEMENTS PROJECT MRp 1"?
PROJECT NARRATIVE FOR THE CAMA PERMIT
-..,:. ,,'a r
Background
Dare County operates and maintains the Regional Desalination Water (R.O.)
Treatment Facility located in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina. The facility is capable
of producing 3 million gallons of potable water per day. Raw water is supplied to the
facility from eight deep wells with a pumping level of approximately 350 feet below
ground surface. The wells are located on the Baum Tract, which is adjacent to the
treatment facility.
Total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration in the raw water has steadily increased
since plant start-up. Missimer Associates' April 1992 study recommended, among
other things, that the County immediately drill two additional water supply wells in
the vicinity of the Fresh Pond. The Fresh Pond is located at the west end of Eighth
Street and straddles the Kill Devil Hills - Nags Head Corporate Line.
Project Overview
The project will include from two to four deep wells drilled on property owned
by the towns of Kill Devil Hills and Nags Head. A raw water main (size to be
determined) will be installed to transport water from the wells to the treatment plant.
A small (15 ft. x 15 ft.) wooden structure and concrete slab on grade will be
constructed at each well site to enclose the well head and protect electrical and
mechanical equipment. Access will be by existing trails through the project area.
Wells
Investigation has shown that the Fresh Pond property owned by the towns of Kill
Devil Hills and Nags Head will support four deep wells. Approximate well locations
(see attached sketch) begin with Well No. 9 at the northwest end of the Fresh Pond
on property owned by the Town of Kill Devil Hills, and proceeds south approximately
1,500 feet to Well No. 10, then 1,500 feet to Well No. 22 and 1,500 feet to Well No.
12. Well Nos. 10, 11, and 12 are located on property owned by the Town of Nags
Head. The Regional Water Board will determine whether two or four wells are
drilled this year. If it is determined that only two wells will be drilled during 1993,
1
the other two would probably be drilled in 1994. All four well sites have been
approved by Mr. Fred Hill of the Public Water Supply Section of the North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources. Mr. Hill's letter of site
approval is attached.
The project would begin by drilling a 4-inch diameter test well from 400 to 500
feet deep. The contractor would be required to retain and identify formation
samples, run an electric and gamma log of the drill hole, and recover water samples
from water-bearing formations. The information from each test well will dictate
whether or not to proceed with the production well. The test well will be capped and
used as an observation well.
The production well configuration will approximate the design shown on
Figure 3. The depths and diameters will vary, depending on test well data. After
drilling and developing the production well a 48 to 72 hour pumping test will be
conducted to help establish the pumping rate of the well. The discharge from the
pumping test (approximately 500 gpm) will be piped to an existing wet detention
pond approximately 1,000 feet southeast of the Nags Head Water Treatment Plant.
The pond, located near the intersection of Lark Street and Satterfield Landing Road,
serves an adjacent shopping center. Discharge from the pond is by pipeline to
Satterfield Landing Road, then to U.S. 158 and eventually the Atlantic Ocean.
Each well site will be one acre in size, and wells will be located in the exact
center of the tracts. Minor clearing and site grading will be required on some sites
in order to access the site and to develop a level area for construction of the well
house. The same construction scenario will be followed for each well site.
Well House
A well house consisting of a slab on grade with a wooden superstructure will be
constructed over each well head to protect electrical and mechanical equipment. The
dimensions of the well house will be approximately 15 feet x 15 feet.
2
Access Road
Access to the well sites will be along an existing trail or path on the west side of
the Fresh Pond and along the property line extending south of the Nags Head Water
Treatment Plant. No improvements are planned other than some minor clearing for
construction equipment.
Force Main
A force main (size to be determined) will be installed along the access road.
This line will connect to each well discharge line to transport the well water to the
R.O. Treatment Facility on Mustian Drive.
Two routes for this line have been identified. The first route would direct the
line from the north end of the Fresh Pond in a northerly direction along subdivision
streets to the R.O. Facility. The second route would direct the line from the north
end of the Fresh Pond along Lake Street to U.S. 158, then in a northerly direction
along U.S. 158 to the R.O. Treatment Facility.
The first alternative would be along streets owned and maintained by the Town
of Kill Devil Hills. The second alternative would place the line within NCDOT right-
of-way. The Regional Water Board will determine final location of the line.
The line will be installed using a trench and backfill method and will have three
to three and one-half feet of cover.
Electrical
Power service to the wells will be installed underground along the access road.
3
AUOIQoe
000
ONWO
RECOMMENDED HOLE &
CASING SIZES
40" BORE
36" CASING
335" BORE
30" CASING
I!" INI
WATER PURI
2!
24" 1
INIIIBITEU
14" - 24" CS(
14" SS (
UNDI
SS SI
SCREEN
SS GUIDE
NOT TO SCALE
APPROXIMATE DEPTHS
F,1hR 4 '93
DI
BOTTOM 60' OF
24" CASING TO
BE SS
)'
450'
460'
465'
GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT, INC.
FIGURE 3
PROPOSED WELL
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN

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BLACK & VEATCH
110 West Walker Avenue, Asheboro, North Carolina 27204-0728,[phone], Fax: [phone]
t

County of Dare
CAMA Permit
B&V Project 23464.200
B&V File B
March 16, 1993
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
1367 U.S. 17 South
Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27609
Attention: Mr. David R. Griffin
District Manager
Gentlemen:
The following information is in response to your request for addition information
regarding the CAMA Permit Application for Dare County.
• Water Quantity and Quality
During the pumping test, and to quantify the yield of the aquifer, we
anticipate pumping rates between 400 and 500 gallons per minute (gpm).
Production well pumping rates will not be determined until safe aquifer yield
has been calculated. However, based on pumping rates at the eight existing
Baum Tract wells, we anticipate that production well rates will also range
between 400 and 500 gpm.
We anticipate that initial chloride levels will be in the range of 1,000 ppm.
Although other water quality constituents are expected to be similar to those
in the existing deep wells, laboratory analysis will be required to confirm
suitability for treatment.
No impact on the groundwater table aquifer is anticipated, because of a clay
confining bed (approximately 170 feet thick) that will inhibit vertical
movement of the water table aquifer. As part of our investigation, two
Page 2
State of North Carolina
Mr. David R. Griffin
B&V Project 23464.200
March 16, 1993
shallow monitoring wells (20 feet deep) have been installed to help
determine long-range impact on the root zone of the maritime forest.
• Aquifer Description
An excerpt from the Missimer Associates report (April 1992), describing the
hydrogeology of the existing well field, is enclosed. We believe it is
reasonable to assume that similar geology exists in the vicinity of the Fresh
Pond as well. This is the best and most accurate information available.
• Wet Detention Pond
It has been concluded that direct discharge into the detention pond will not
be necessary. We now plan to discharge into the open ditch system that
receives flow from the detention pond. Precautions will be taken to
minimize erosion problems, and we will submit the required erosion control
permit with design and calculations.
We hope that this information satisfactorily responds to your request. Please let
me know if you require more detail or additional information.
Very truly yours,
BLACK &
ell
Enclosure
cc: Terry Wheeler, Dare County
Debbie Diaz, Kill Devil Hills
Webb Fuller, Nags Head
Bob Oreskovich, Dare County
William P. 1
I11. HYDROGEOLOGY AT KILL DEVIL HILLS
Introduction
Hydrogeologic investigations at Kill Devil Hills have been conducted by the North
Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of
Water Resources, the U.S. Geological Survey, and various consultants including
Missimer & Associates, Inc. The object of some of the most recent investigations
was to determine the suitability of the Yorktown Aquifer for use as a resource for
reverse osmosis water treatment. Important issues were the nature and distribution
of water quality laterally and with depth, the degree of confinement above the
Yorktown Aquifer, the degree of confinement between the mid-Yorktown Formation
and the lower-Yorktown Formation, and the confinement between the Yorktown
Aquifer and the underlying Pungo River Formation.
The Yorktown Formation of Pliocene age underlies the more recent surficial
deposits. It ranges in thickness from about 150 feet thick in Beaufort County, to
over 500 feet thick in eastern Dare County. The Yorktown Formation consists of
beds of fine to coarse-grained sand and sandy limestone interbedded with clay, with
widely distributed mollusk shells. Sand and limestone layers in the Yorktown are the
principal source of water supply in Hyde and Tyrell Counties, and to a lesser extent
in Washington County. Dare County is the only user of this aquifer in the Outer
Banks area. The distances separating inland users of the Yorktown Aquifer from the
Dare County wellfield at Kill Devil Hills are sufficiently great that there are no direct
interactions between them. For a more detailed description please see Winner &
Coble, 1989.
The most reliable and site specific source of geologic information about the
Yorktown Formation at Kill Devil Hills comes from the lithologic log acquired by
Missimer & Associates during the construction of R.O. well 1. A geologic column
based on this log is shown in Figure 3-1
Geophysical logging in R.O. Well 1 is
9
n> s>s luno LITHOLOGY AQUIFER
N

0
HOLAN" Y,

SAND, FINE TO WATER TABLE
.: ; COARSE QUARTZ AQUIFER
PLIO-
PLOSMIM _
10
? _-- - CLAY. OLIVE WAY. STIFF CONFINING BED
SAND AND PRINCIPAL
-? • GRAVEL QUARTZ AQUIFER
20
CLAY. OLIVE GRAY. CONFINING
_ -= FINE. SANDY, SILTY,

----
MINOR SHELL BEDS
30 -- --
Z .,i.?
PUOCENE . L L ' . MID
SAND AND SHELL. YORKTOWN
0 ?:? FINE TO MEDIUM AQUIFER
} ;.?•. •. GRAIN SIZE

'- = CLAY AND SAND, YORK D
f . _ OLIVE GRAY, SHELL AQUfrARD

0
-
; SAND, MINOR CLAY,
FlNE SHELL

.T .j
LOWER
SAND AND CLAY. YORKTOWN
INTERBEDDED,
0 LIGHT OLIVE GRAY.
' - SHELL

-.n

PUNGO RIVER
MIOCENE _ CLAY CONFINING UNIT
70 a.
,FNVIRONdfS"X,f AIVP 6!R0UN•0#,4TER SERVICES Mis i er
DRN. BY: CAM DWG NO. C-CO401 GE2-3 DATE: 3/24/92
PROJECT NAME DARE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA NUMBER: CHO-401 As90Cl8tes,lAC.
FIGURE 3-1. HYDROGEOLOGIC SECTION OF DARE COUNTY BAUM TRACT WELLFIELD.
10
used together with a suite of geophysical logs performed in the 1610 foot Deep Test
well (KDH-DTH) and the U.S.Geological Survey site 11 well to provide additional
lithologic information, particularly about the strata underlying the Yorktown Aquifer
production zone.
The Yorktown Formation confining beds consist of thick olive-gray marine clays with
fine sand and silt interbeds beginning at a depth of 150 feet, and continuing to a
depth of approximately 320 feet. These beds have a very low vertical hydraulic
conductivity, and effectively isolate the underlying Yorktown Aquifer from saline
water in the near surface sediments. The mid-Yorktown Aquifer (formerly called the
Lower Aquifer) begins at the top of the transmissive sand unit at a depth of
approximately 320 feet, and continues to about 440 feet. A clay and sand bed
occurring between 440 and 500 feet below land surface (BLS) impedes the vertical
movement of water, and acts as an aquitard. Below this aquitard a transmissive,
thirty foot thick sand and shell bed occurs, between 500 and 530 feet BLS. Finally,
near the base of the Yorktown Formation, an interbedded sand and clay unit occurs
having moderate transmissivity. The Pungo River confining beds mark the
lowermost limit of the Yorktown Formation. These beds begin at a depth of 660 feet
BLS, based on the natural gamma-ray log from the deep test well (KDH-DT). For
a more detailed description of the Yorktown Formation at Kill Devil Hills see Peek,
Register, and Nelson (1972), and Missimer & Associates, Inc. (1987).
In this report the terms "mid-Yorktown" and "mid-Yorktown Aquifer" are used to refer
to the sand and shell bed between 320 and 440 feet BLS; the clay and sand unit
between 440 and 500 feet BLS is referred to as the "mid-Yorktown aquitard"; and
the term "lower-Yorktown Aquifer" is used to refer to the clayey sand beds and the
transmissive sand and shell sequence between 500 and 660 feet BLS.
Relatively little is known about regional hydraulic gradient of the Yorktown Aquifer,
but in the Outer Banks area it is subdued, probably less than one foot per mile.
11
Water levels in the wells which penetrate the Yorktown Aquifer at Kill Devil Hills
cannot be readily converted to hydraulic gradients because many of these wells are
not surveyed relative to National Geodetic Vertical Datum. However, because of the
very low gradient this does not present a problem to the groundwater model; the
model assumes a horizontal initial potentiometric surface.
Recharge to the Yorktown Aquifer occurs on the mainland west of Dare County,
primarily from direct rainfall infiltration where the Yorktown Formation outcrops at
land surface, but also from brackish to saline water from Albemarle Sound and
leakage from stratigraphically adjacent aquifers. As noted, however, groundwater
gradients are very low in the Outer Banks, and the rate of freshwater recharge to
the brackish mid-Yorktown Aquifer at Kill Devil Hills is minimal.
Aquifer Hydraulic Parameters
Two aquifer performance tests have been performed using wells screened in the
mid-Yorktown interval, from 320 to 420 feet below land surface in the Kill Devil Hills
area. These tests produced a range of aquifer coefficients, varying from 99,000 to
160,000 gpd/ft for transmissivity, 3.4 x 10-4 to 4.5 x 10-4 for storativity, and 4.3 x 10-
3 to 5.0 x 10-4 gpd/fe for leakance. An additional test in Rodanthe determined a
transmissivity value of between 70,000 and 89,000 gpd/ft, a storativity of 1.4 x 10 4,
and a leakance value of 2.1 x 10-3 gpd/ff. Based on lithologic data it is expected
that values for leakance represent the degree of hydraulic connection between the
production interval and the underlying sediments in the lower-Yorktown Formation,
and not the degree of connection between the production interval and overlying
Principal Aquifer or Quaternary units, or with the deeper underlying Pungo River
Formation.
These measured hydrogeologic data, along with detailed analysis of lithologies and
geophysical signature, were used to construct a calibrated numerical model with a
hydraulic response which is virtually identical to the actual aquifer. The
12
hydrogeologic data base is relatively strong in the mid-Yorktown Aquifer production
zone, but the hydraulic character within the lower-Yorktown Aquifer, which exerts a
significant influence on the production zone above, is largely unknown. The system
modeled in this report is bounded by the thick Yorktown confining beds above the
production interval (above 320 ft. BLS), and the Pungo River confining beds (below
660 ft. BLS).
13
`d .STA1FQ9
?,nwae,R
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Northeastern Region
1424 Carolina Avenue, Washington, North Carolina 27889-1424
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
.January 28, 1993
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary

?,iA'? n '9 "i
William P. Bizzell, P.E.
Black & Veatch, Inc.
P.O. Box 728
Asheboro, NC 27203
RE: Dare County Water System
Proposed Well Sites
Dear Mr. Bizzell:
i. •_A
f "rAY-A. IVY
Thanks for your assistance and cooperation during my visit on January
27, 1993 during which we evaluated sites for additional water supply
wells to supplement the reverse osmosis facility.
These sites are located on property owned by the Towns of Nag's Head
and Kill Devil Hills respectively in the area known as Nag's Head
Woods. The property is densely wooded and undeveloped with joint
management through the Nature Conservancy. The individual sites are
shown on the attached sketches.
Based on the location, topography, and discussions concerning
construction and operation, the sites are approved for use as discussed.
The wells should be developed, tested, and pumped in a manner and flow
rate that does not adversely affect the groundwater in the area.
The sites should be secured from any existing or potential sources of
pollution at least a 100-foot radius from the well. No chemical
applications will be allowed within this radius. Additionally, the
well sites must be graded and sloped to provide positive drainage away
from the well.
P.O Box 2188, Washington. North Carolina 27889 2188 JeIcphonr 019 9466181 FAX: [phone] l Q19-())6639
William P. Bizzell, P.E.
Page 2
January 28, 1993
Specific provisos for these sites include:
1. Wells within 200 feet of a surface water body or less than 50 feet
in depth may be subject to the surface water treatment rule.
2. Even though the Towns own the property and its use in restricted a
surveyed plot and easement agreement should be recorded with the
County and a copy provided with the plans and specifications.
3. These wells will likely be pumped from a depth greater than 300
feet with chlorides anticipated near 1000 mg/1. Based on the
extensive well development and testing that is proposed and the
proximity to the fresh pond/surface water supply for the Nag's
Head water treatment facility the volume of water should be
removed from the Lake's watershed area.
4. Vehicular access should be provided and maintained for each
location.
Final approval of the well will be based on the results of the drilling
log, 24-hour pumping test, and chemical analysis from a certified lab.
Plans and specifications, including a plot plan, from a registered
engineer should be submitted to the Public Water Supply Section in
Raleigh for approval prior to construction.
Please contact the Groundwater Section, Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources in the Washington Regional Office for any
necessary well construction permits.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please
contact this office.
Sincerely,
cJ? i
J. Fred Hill
Public Water Supply Section
sle
Enclosure
cc: M.P. Bell
W.E. Venrick
Groundwater Section/WARO
Dare County Water System
/2 703
r7,A,ew- - co ?? /?s
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NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICY ACT STATEMENT 43
NCGS 113A 1 TO 10 `r'f
In the conduct of this project, it is the intent of the
County of Dare to comply with all applicable requirements of
the North Carolina Environmental Policy Act.
By L,,/,- ?tt //k / /1 /93
Terry L. Wheeler Date
County Manager

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
P.O. Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
WATER QUALITY SECTION
FAX # [phone]
TELECOPY TO:
FAX NUMBER:
FROM: ` \ g1IM ?'-) 0
NUMBER OF PAGES, INCLUDING THE COVER SHEET:
PHONE: I -T?_
C?--
JI166V? -
?Mpcu

lU
TROHSMISSIOM REPORT

Jul 04 '93 07 : 52HI'1 )
DATE STHRT PENOTE TERMIIJHL RODE TIME RESULTS TOTAL DEPT. FILE
TIME IDE11TIFICATIO11 PHOES CODE W.
Jul Ltd 07:51RH DIV OF COASTAL hU,I°1IJT u3 ST 01'07" 04<: Et
+
{
+ a?
+';K*

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WILMINGTON DISTRICT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
P.O. BOX 1890
WILMINGTON. NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890
IN REPLY REFER TO
April 14, 1993
Regulatory Branch
Action ID. 199301878 F22APR0 1993
Dare County
Post Office Box 1000
Mantec, North Carolina 27954
Gentlemen:
Reference your application for Department of the Army (DA) authorization
to place excavated/fill materials in wetlands adjacent to Fresh Pond
associated with drilling of wells to support the Regional Desalination Water
Treatment Facility, Kill Devil Hills/Nags Head,,Dave County, North Carolina.
On February 6, 1990, the DA and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) signed a memorandum of agreement (MOA) establishing procedures to
determine the type and level of mitigation necessary to comply with the Clean
Water Act Section 404(b)(1) Guidelines. This MOA provides for first, avoiding
impacts to waters and wetlands through the selection of the least damaging,
practical alternative; second, taking appropriate and practical steps to
minimize impacts on waters and wetlands; and finally, compensating for any
remaining unavoidable impacts to the extent appropriate and practical. To
enable us to process your application in full compliance with this MOA, we
request that you provide the following additional information:
a. Permits for work within wetlands or other special aquatic sites are
available only if the proposed work is the least environmentally damaging,
practicable alternative. Please furnish information regarding any other
alternatives, including upland alternatives, to the work for which you have
applied and provide justification that your selected plan is the least
damaging to water or wetland areas.
b. It is necessary for you to have taken all appropriate and practical
steps to minimize wetland losses. Please indicate all that you have done,
especially regarding development and modification of plans and proposed
construction techniques, to minimize adverse impacts.
C. The MOA requires that appropriate and practical mitigation will be
required for all unavoidable adverse impacts remaining after all appropriate
and practical minimization has been employed. Please indicate your plan to
mitigate for the projected, unavoidable loss of waters or wetlands or provide
information as to the absence of any such appropriate and practical measures.
"A"
-2-
This information is essential to our expeditious processing of your
application and it should be forwarded to us by May 14, 1993. Also, a copy of
this information must be sent to the North Carolina Division of Environmental
Management to enable them to adequately evaluate your application for a Water
Quality Certification pursuant to Section 401 of the Clean Water Act.
If you have questions, please do not hesitate to contact Mr. Raleigh
Bland, Washington Field Office, Regulatory Branch, telephone [phone].
Sincerely,
G. Wayne Wright
Chief, Regulatory Branch
Copies Furnished:
Mr. Thomas Welborn, Chief
U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency - Region IV
Wetlands Regulatory Unit
345 Courtland Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30365
Mr. John Parker
Division of Coastal Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
Ar. John Dorney
Division of Environmental Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
Mr. David Griffin, District Manager
N.C. Division of Coastal Management
1367 U.S. Highway 17 South
Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27909
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY t t?"
WILMINGTON DISTRICT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
P.O. BOX 1890
WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890
IN REPLY REFER TO July 14 , 1993
is
Regulatory Branch
Action ID. 199301878 and State Permit No. 66-93
Dare County
Post Office Box 1000
Manteo, North Carolina 27954
Gentlemen:
Reference your application for a Department of the Army permit to place
excavated/fill materials in wetlands adjacent to Fresh Pond associated with
drilling of wells to support the Regional Desalination Water Treatment
Facility, Kill Devil Hills/Nags Head,, County, North Carolina.
a
Your proposal has been reviewed and found to be consistent with the
provisions and objectives of general permit No. CESAW-CO80-N-000-0291.
Therefore, you may commence construction activity in strict accordance with
applicable State authorization and the enclosed plan. Failure to comply with
the State authorization or conditions of the general permit could result in
civil and/or administrative penalties.
If any change in your work is required because of unforeseen or altered
conditions or for any other reason, plans revised to show the change must be
sent promptly to this office and the North Carolina Division of Coastal
Management prior to performing any such change or alteration. Such action is
necessary as revised plans must be reviewed and the authorization modified.
Questions or comments may be addressed to Mr. Raleigh Bland, Washington
Field Office, Regulatory Branch, telephone [phone].
Sincerely,
G. Wayne Wright
Chief, Regulatory Branch
Enclosure
W
-2-
Copies Furnished with enclosure:
Director, Atlantic Marine Center
National Ocean Service
ATTN: MOA 232X1
439 West York Street
Norfolk, Virginia 23510-1114
John Dorney
eeater Quality Section
Division of Environmental
Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 z
Mr. Thomas Welborn, Chief
U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency - Region IV
Wetlands Regulatory Unit
345 Courtland Street, NE.
Atlanta, Georgia 30365
Mr. John Parker
Division of Coastal Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
Ms. L. K. (Mike) Gantt
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, North Carolina 27636-3726
Mr. Larry Hardy
National Marine Fisheries Service
Pivers Island
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516
Mr. David Griffin
Elizabeth City Regional Office
North Carolina Division of
Coastal Management
1367 U.S. 17 South
Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27909
w
ifECOWIENDED HOLE &
CASING SIZES
40" BORE 10
36" CASING
3`
30"
If" INII
WATER PURC
29
24" G
INHIBITED 1
14" - 24" CSC
14" SS CI
UNDER
SS SITU
SCREEN
APPROXIMATE DEPTHS
-FINED
MAR 4 '93
i
I
' BOTTOM 60' OF
24" CASING TO
BE SS
,
q J,,
.j •
SS GUIDE I
460'
465'
NOT TO SCALE c,,EEr '
GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT, INC.
FIGURE 3
PROPOSED WELL
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN
i ?
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BLACK & VEATCH
110 West Walker Avenue, Asheboro, North Carolina 27204-0728,[phone], Fax: [phone]

County of Dare
CAMA Permit
B&V Project 23464.200
B&V File B
March 16, 1993
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
1367 U.S. 17 South
Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27609
Attention: Mr. David R. Griffin
District Manager
Gentlemen:
The following information is in response to your request for addition information
regarding the CAMA Permit Application for Dare County.
• Water Quantity and Quality
During the pumping test, and to quantify the yield of the aquifer, we
anticipate pumping rates between 400 and 500 gallons per minute (gpm).
Production well pumping rates will not be determined until safe aquifer yield
has been calculated. However, based on pumping rates at the eight existing
Baum Tract wells, we anticipate that production well rates will also range
between 400 and 500 gpm.
We anticipate that initial chloride levels will be in the range of 1,000 ppm.
Although other water quality constituents are expected to be similar to those
in the existing deep wells, laboratory analysis will be required to confirm
suitability for treatment.
No impact on the groundwater table aquifer is anticipated, because of a clay
confining bed (approximately 170 feet thick) that will inhibit vertical
movement of the water table aquifer. As part of our investigation, two
56k6'7" 3 01cr 15

Page 2
State of North Carolina
Mr. David R. Griffin
B&V Project 23464.200
March 16, 1993
shallow monitoring wells (20 feet deep) have been installed to help
determine long-range impact on the root zone of the maritime forest.
Aquifer Description
An excerpt from the Missimer Associates report (April 1992), describing the
hydrogeology of the existing well field, is enclosed. We believe it is
reasonable to assume that similar geology exists in the vicinity of the Fresh
Pond as well. This is the best and most accurate information available.
Wet Detention Pond
It has been concluded that direct discharge into the detention pond will not
be necessary. We now plan to discharge into the open ditch system that
receives flow from the detention pond. Precautions will be taken to
minimize erosion problems, and we will submit the required erosion control
permit with design and calculations.
We hope that this information satisfactorily responds to your request. Please let
me know if you require more detail or additional information.
Very truly yours,
BLACK &
eu
Enclosure
cc: Terry Wheeler, Dare County
Debbie Diaz, Kill Devil Hills
Webb Fuller, Nags Head
Bob Oreskovich, Dare County
William P.
,767 .e o"r- /S
? • J
III. HYDROGEOLOGY AT KILL DEVIL HILLS
Introduction
Hydrogeologic investigations at Kill Devil Hills have been conducted by the North
Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of
Water Resources, the U.S. Geological Survey, and various consultants including
Missimer & Associates, Inc. The object of some of the most recent investigations
was to determine the suitability of the Yorktown Aquifer for use as a resource for
reverse osmosis water treatment. Important issues were the nature and distribution
of water quality laterally and with depth, the degree of confinement above the
Yorktown Aquifer, the degree of confinement between the mid-Yorktown Formation
and the lower-Yorktown Formation, and the confinement between the Yorktown
Aquifer and the underlying Pungo River Formation. %
The Yorktown Formation of Pliocene age underlies the more recent surficial
deposits. It ranges in thickness from about 150 feet thick in Beaufort County, to
over 500 feet thick in eastern Dare County. The Yorktown Formation consists of
beds of fine to coarse-grained sand and sandy limestone interbedded with clay, with
widely distributed mollusk shells. Sand and limestone layers in the Yorktown are the
principal source of water supply in Hyde and Tyrell Counties, and to a lesser extent
in Washington County. Dare County is the only user of this aquifer in the Outer
Banks area. The distances separating inland users of the Yorktown Aquifer from the
Dare County wellfield at Kill Devil Hills are sufficiently great that there are no direct
interactions between them. For a more detailed description please see Winner &
Coble, 1989.
The most reliable and site specific source of geologic information about the
Yorktown Formation at Kill Devil Hills comes from the lithologic log acquired by
Missimer & Associates during the construction of R.O. well 1. A geologic column
based on this log is shown in Figure 3-1. Geophysical logging in R.O. Well 1 is
9 Sf{c? j S of 1.5

PLESTMM

FINE TO MEDIUM

00-

FINE SHELL

LOWER

LIGHT OLIVE GRAY,

01 a --
s'?Y (o of /S
A--%k AWWRONd??NI.4L "D GR09)VP#'•4TFR SERT AS Mis i er
DRN. BY: CAM DWG NO. C-C0401 GE2-3 DATE 3/24/92
PROJECT NAME DARE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA NUMBER: CHO-401 AssOC?Btes,lnc.
FIGURE 3-1. HYDROGEOLOGIC SECTION OF DARE COUNTY BAUM TRACT WELLFIELD.
arnrs s??s ?a LITHOLOGY AQUIFER
oN
0

How ,..

SAND, FINE TO WATER TABLE
Op1?1I? :••;•; COARSE QUARTZ AQUIFER

-" -- Ctl1Y, OM GRAY, STIFF CONFINING BED

w• SAND AND PRINCIPAL
-
' GRAVEL QUARTZ AQUIFER

20

- CLAY, OLIVE GRAY, CONFINING
-= FINE. SANDY, SILTY,
MINOR SHELL BEDS

30 --

PLIOCENE SAND AND SHELL. YORKMID
TOWN
? ` AQUIFER
:;??••• GRAIN SIZE

-_Y

-
CLAY AND SAND.
MID
rt,.
r ^--• OLIVE GRAY, SHELL YORKTOWN
• -r_ AQUfTARD

.. ;;? SAND. MINOR CLAY,

i .
T •

SANG AND CLAY, YORKTOWN
0 _ • _. INTERBEDDED,

SHELL
.t •f

MIOCENE z ? - CLAY CONFlNINGUNIT
70
10
used together with a suite of geophysical logs performed in the 1610 foot Deep Test
well (KDH-DTH) and the U.S.Geological Survey site 11 well to provide additional
lithologic information, particularly about the strata underlying the Yorktown Aquifer
production zone.
The Yorktown Formation confining beds consist of thick olive-gray marine clays with
fine sand and silt interbeds beginning at a depth of 150 feet, and continuing to a
depth of approximately 320 feet. These beds have a very low vertical hydraulic
conductivity, and effectively isolate the underlying Yorktown Aquifer from saline
water in the near surface sediments. The mid-Yorktown Aquifer (formerly called the
Lower Aquifer) begins at the top of the transmissive sand unit at a depth of
approximately 320 feet, and continues to about 440 feet. A clay and sand bed
occurring between 440 and 500 feet below land surface (BLS) impedes the vertical
movement of water, and acts as an aquitard. Below this aquitard a transmissive,
thirty foot thick sand and shell bed occurs, between 500 and 530 feet BLS. Finally,
near the base of the Yorktown Formation, an interbedded sand and clay unit occurs
having moderate transmissivity. The Pungo River confining beds mark the
lowermost limit of the Yorktown Formation. These beds begin at a depth of 660 feet
BLS, based on the natural gamma-ray log from the deep test well (KDH-DT). For
a more detailed description of the Yorktown Formation at Kill Devil Hills see Peek,
Register, and Nelson (1972), and Missimer & Associates, Inc. (1987).
In this report the terms "mid-Yorktown" and "mid-Yorktown Aquifer" are used to refer
to the sand and shell bed between 320 and 440 feet BLS; the clay and sand unit
between 440 and 500 feet BLS is referred to as the "mid-Yorktown aquitard"; and
the term "lower-Yorktown Aquifer" is used to refer to the clayey sand beds and the
transmissive sand and shell sequence between 500 and 660 feet BLS.
Relatively little is known about regional hydraulic gradient of the Yorktown Aquifer,
but in the Outer Banks area it is subdued, probably less than one foot per mile.
Q(Err 7 oF' /s
11 ,
Water levels in the wells which penetrate the Yorktown Aquifer at Kill Devil Hills
cannot be readily converted to hydraulic gradients because many of these wells are
not surveyed relative to National Geodetic Vertical Datum. However, because of the
very low gradient this does not present a problem to the groundwater model; the
model assumes a horizontal initial potentiometric surface.
Recharge to the Yorktown Aquifer occurs on the mainland west of Dare County,
primarily from direct rainfall infiltration where the Yorktown Formation outcrops at
land surface, but also from brackish to saline water from Albemarle Sound and
leakage from stratigraphically adjacent aquifers. As noted, however, groundwater
gradients are very low in the Outer Banks, and the rate of freshwater recharge to
the brackish mid-Yorktown Aquifer at Kill Devil Hills is minimal.
4
Aquifer Hydraulic Parameters
Two aquifer performance tests have been performed using wells screened in the
mid-Yorktown interval, from 320 to 420 feet below land surface in the Kill Devil Hills
area. These tests produced a range of aquifer coefficients, varying from 99,000 to
160,000 gpd/ft for transmissivity, 3.4 x 10-4 to 4.5 x 10-4 for storativity, and 4.3 x 10-
3 to 5.0 x 10-4 gpd/ft' for leakance. An additional test in Rodanthe determined a
transmissivity value of between 70,000 and 89,000 gpd/ft, a storativity of 1.4 x 10-4,
and a leakance value of 2.1 x 10-3 gpd/ft3. Based on lithologic data it is expected
that values for leakance represent the degree of hydraulic connection between the
production interval and the underlying sediments in the lower-Yorktown Formation,
and not the degree of connection between the production interval and overlying
Principal Aquifer or Quaternary units, or with the deeper underlying Pungo River
Formation.
These measured hydrogeologic data, along with detailed analysis of lithologies and
geophysical signature, were used to construct a calibrated numerical model with a
hydraulic response which is virtually identical to the actual aquifer. The
12 S./-rr 8 6?' /S'
hydrogeologic data base is relatively strong in the mid-Yorktown Aquifer production
zone, but the hydraulic character within the lower-Yorktown Aquifer, which exerts a
significant influence on the production zone above, is largely unknown. The system
modeled in this report is bounded by the thick Yorktown confining beds above the
production interval (above 320 ft. BLS), and the Pungo River confining beds (below
660 ft. BLS).
t
13 S&E/ 9 OF 1S
r
01
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Northeastern Region
1424 Carolina Avenue, Washington, North Carolina 27889-1424
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor Jonathan R Howes, Secretary
January 28, 1993
•:..' V!'-: D
91
William P. Bizzell, P.E. 1,_;
Black & Veatch, Inc. r *Y
P.O. Box 728
Asheboro, NC 27203
-RE: Dare County Water System
Proposed Well Sites
Dear Mr. Bizzell:
Thanks for your assistance and cooperation during my visit on January
27, 1993 during which we evaluated sites for additional water supply
wells to supplement the reverse osmosis facility.
These sites are located on property owned by the Towns of Nag's Head
and Kill Devil Hills respectively in the area known as Nag's Head
Woods. The property is densely wooded and undeveloped with joint
management through the Nature Conservancy. The individual sites are
shown on the attached sketches.
Based on the location, topography, and discussions concerning
construction and operation, the sites are approved for use as discussed.
The wells should be developed, tested, and pumped in a manner and flow
rate that does not adversely affect the groundwater in the area.
The sites should be secured from any existing or potential sources of
pollution at least a 100-foot radius from the well. No chemical
applications will be allowed within this radius. Additionally, the
well sites must be graded and sloped to provide positive drainage away
from the well.
SST /o OF /S'
P.O. Box 2188, V6'ashington. North Carolina 27889 2188 Telephone [phone] FAX: [phone]
William P. Bittell, D.E.
Page .2
'?anuary 28, 1993
Specific provisos for these sites include:
1. Wells within 200 feet of a surface water body or less than 50 feet
in depth May be subject to the surface water treatment rule.
2. Even though the Towns own the property and its use is restricted a
surveyed plot and easement agreement should be recorded with the
County and a copy provided with the plans and specifications.
3. These wells will likely be pumped from a depth greater than 300
feet with chlorides anticipated near 1000 mg/1. Based on the
extensive well development and testing that is proposed and the
proximity to the fresh pond/surface water supply for the Nag's
Head water treatment facility the volume of water should be
removed from the Lake's watershed area.
4. Vehicular' access should be provided and maintained for each
location:
Final approval of the well will be based on the resultsAof the drilling
log, 24-hour pumping test; and chemical analysis from a certified lab.
Plans and specifications; including a plot plan, from a registered
engineer should be submitted to the Public Water Supply Section in
Raleigh for appfbval prior to construction.
Please contact,16 Groundwater Section, Department of Rnvirohment,
Health and Natural Resources in the Washington Regional office for any
necessary well construction permits.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please
contact this office.
.Sincerely,
J. Fred Hill
Public Water Aupply Section
sle
Enclosure
C.C.- M.P. Bell
W.E. Venrick
Groundwater Section/WARD
Dare County Water System
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NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICY ACT STATEMENT 11AR 4 93
NCGS 113A 1 TO 10
In the conduct of this project, it is the intent of the
County of Dare to comply with all applicable requirements of
the North Carolina Environmental Policy Act.
lz?
Terry L. Wheeler Date
County Manager

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00018
ONOMOM3
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WILMINGTON DISTRICT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
PO. BOX 1890
NILMINGTCN, NCRTH CARCLiNA L3402 9E,C
iN REPLY REFER TO :1av i _? O
Regulatory Branch
Action ID. 199301878
Mr. John Parker
Division of Coastal Management
North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health and Natural. Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687

Dear Mr. Parker:
Reference the application of Dare County for a Department of the Army
permit to place excavated/fill materials in wetlands adjacent to Fresh Pond
associated with drilling of wells to support the Regional Desalination Water
Treatment Facility, Kill Devil Hills/Nags Head, Dare County, North Carolina.
The Federal agencies have completed review of the proposal as presented by
the application and your field investigation report.
We recommend that the following conditions be included in the State
authorization:
a. All work authorized by this permit must be performed in strict
compliance with the permit plans.
b. The fill material will be clean and free of any pollutants except in
trace quantities. Metal products, organic materials, or unsightly debris will
not be used.
C. No excavated or fill material will be placed in any location or in any
manner so as to impair surface water flow into or out of any wetland area.
d. Pre-construction wetland contours along the routes of the force mains
will be restored. All excess material will be removed to a highground
retention area.
e. The permittee will maintain the authorized work in good condition and
in conformance with the terms and conditions of this permit. The permittee is
not relieved of this requirement if he abandons the permitted activity without
having it transferred to a third party.
i
V.-F.
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406
-2-
f. The activity will be conducted in such a manner as to prevent a
significant increase in turbidity outside the area of construction or
construction-related discharge. Increases such that the turbidity in the
waterbody is 25 NTU's or less are not considered significant.
g. Upon request, the permittee will make available to The Nature
Conservancy, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and any interested resource
review agency:
(1) All ground water withdrawal pumping records.
(2) All surface water table monitoring data.
(3) Withdrawal records for Fresh Pond.
(4) Records of the volume of water run through the permittee's
treatment facilities and supplied to users.
h. If the results of the planned pumping tests indicate any lowering of
surface water tables, the permittee will develop and implement alternative
water management plans to prevent any surface water table withdrawals.
i. If at any time, adverse effects to Nags Head Woods Ecological Preserve
occur, or are likely to occur, the permittee will cease operation of the wells
within one year of formal notification by The Nature Conservancy to the North
Carolina Division of Coastal Management or the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
In this one year grace period, the permittee will develop and implement
alternative water sources, alternative water management schemes and/or
appropriate conservation measures to prevent any surface water table
withdrawals.
Questions or comments may be addressed to Mr. Raleigh Bland, Washington
Field Office, Regulatory Branch, telephone [phone].
Sincerely,
G. Wayne Wright
Chief, Regulatory Branch

-3-
Copies Furnished:
YrI John Dorney
Water Quality Section
Division of Environmental
Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health, and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
Ms. L. K. (Mike) Gantt
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, North Carolina 27636-3726
Mr. Larry Hardy
National Marine Fisheries Service
Pivers Island
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516
Mr. Thomas Welborn, Chief
U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency - Region IV
Wetlands Regulatory Unit
345 Courtland Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30365
Mr. David Griffin
Elizabeth City Regional Office
North Carolina Division of
Coastal Management
Route 6, Box 203
Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27909
D I1q
BLACK & VEATCH
110 West Walker Avenue, Asheboro, North Carolina 27204-0728, [phone],
County of Dare
Water Supply Wells
Action ID 199301878
Department of the Army
Wilmington District
Corps of Engineers
P.O. Box 1890
Wilmington, North Carolina 28402-1890
Attention: Mr. G. Wayne Wright
Chief, Regulatory Branch
Gentlemen:
MAY 1719A3
D
B&V Project 23464.200
B&V File B
May 14, 1993
This letter is in response to your letter of April 14, 1993 to Dare
County regarding the development of two water supply wells in the
vicinity of Fresh Pond.
The following information is provided in the same order as the request
in your letter.
a. Missimer Associates of Cape Coral, Florida conducted an
extensive hydrogeological study for the County in April 1992
to help determine the best locations for future water supply
wells. It was the conclusion of this study that all future
water supply wells should be south of the reverse osmosis
(R.O.) water treatment plant and roughly parallel with the
Atlantic Ocean. The Yorktown aquifer is the resource for
water supply.
Each well site requires one acre (approximately 210 feet by
210 feet) of property with the well located in the center.
The towns of Kill Devil Hills and Nags Head own property to
the south of the R.O. plant sufficient to meet the one acre
requirement. The towns are willing to dedicate this property
to the regional water system at no cost. In addition, these
locations meet the requirements of the Missimer study and the
Public Water Supply Section of The North Carolina Department
of Environment, Health and Natural Resources (approval letter
enclosed). Another advantage allows for extension of the
force main through Town of Nags Head property to future well
sites south of Fresh Pond.
We are not aware of encroachment on or impact to any wetlands
as a result of these activities.
Due to the highly developed nature of the property between
the R.O. plant and Fresh Pond and the requirement for one
acre tracts of land for each well site, this is the best
alternative.
b. Again, we are unaware of any loss or impact to wetlands that
will result from this project.
Plans and specifications will include erosion control
procedures and the required permits will be secured.
C. No mitigation is required because it does not appear that any
loss or adverse impacts to wetlands will occur.
The site for both wells ranges between 8 and 12 in elevation
above the Fresh Pond. These sites are dry and not subject to
flooding. The force main will be located in the existing
access road which is presently used to monitor security on
the west side of the pond.
Upon request, we would be happy to visit the site with your
representative in order to ascertain first hand the existing
site conditions.
We hope this letter provides sufficient information in order for you to
proceed with your review.
Please give me a call if you have questions or require additional
information.
mlp
Enclosure
cc: Mr. John Dorney, DEHNR
Mr. Bob Oreskovich, Water Supt. Dare County
Mr. David Griffin, District Manager,
N.C. Division of Coastal Management
Very truly yours,
e . SfA1F o
rwM..b ll?
State of North Carolina
011
FE6 1 ? ?;?`L`c'?
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Northeastern Region
1424 Carolina Avenue, Washington, North Carolina 27889-1424
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor Jonathan R Howes, Secretary
January 28, 1993
William P. Bizzell, P.E.
Black & Veatch, Inc.
P.O. Box 728
Asheboro, NC 27203
RE: Dare County Water System
Proposed Well Sites
Dear Mr. Bizzell:
Thanks for your assistance and cooperation during my visit on January
27, 1993 during which we evaluated sites for additional water supply
wells to supplement the reverse osmosis facility.
These sites are located on property owned by the Towns of Nag's Head
and Kill Devil Hills respectively in the area known as Nag's Head
Woods. The property is densely wooded and undeveloped with joint
management through the Nature Conservancy. The individual sites are
shown on the attached sketches.
Based on the location, topography, and discussions concerning
construction and operation, the sites are approved for use as discussed.
The wells should be developed, tested, and pumped in a manner and flow
rate that does not adversely affect the groundwater in the area.
The sites should be secured from any existing or potential sources of
pollution at least a 100-foot radius from the well. No chemical
applications will be allowed within this radius. Additionally, the
well sites must be graded and sloped to provide positive drainage away
from the well.
P.O. Box 2188, Washington, North Carolina 27889-2188 Telephone [phone] FAX: [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer
William P. Bizzell, P.E.
Page 2
January 28, 1993
Specific provisos for these sites include:
1. Wells within 200 feet of a surface water body or less than 50 feet
in depth may be subject to the surface water treatment rule.
2. Even though the Towns own the property and its use is restricted a
surveyed plot and easement agreement should be recorded with the
County and a copy provided with the plans and specifications.
3. These wells will likely be pumped from a depth greater than 300
feet with chlorides anticipated near 1000 mg/l. Based on the
extensive well development and testing that is proposed and the
proximity to the fresh pond/surface water supply for the Nag's
Head water treatment facility the volume of water should be
removed from the Lake's watershed area.
4. Vehicular access should be provided and maintained for each
location.
Final approval of the well will be based on the results of the drilling
log, 24-hour pumping test, and chemical analysis from a certified lab.
Plans and specifications, including a plot plan, from a registered
engineer should be submitted to the Public Water Supply Section in
Raleigh for approval prior to construction.
Please contact the Groundwater Section, Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources in the Washington Regional office for any
Oecessary well construction permits.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please
contact this office.
Sincerely,
cJ?
J. Fred Hill
Public Water Supply Section
sle
Enclosure
cc, M.P. Bell
W.E. Venrick
Groundwater Section/WARO
Dare County Water System
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DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGENIEW
FIELD INVESTIGATION REPORT
1. APPLICANT'S NAME: Dare County
2. LOCATION OF PROJECT SITE: West and South of Fresh Pond at West end of Eighth Street, Kill
Devil Hills, Nags Head, Dare County.
Photo Index - 1989: 42-34 1984: 138-451
State Plane Coordinates - X: 2988350 Y: 831500 U
D -
3. INVESTIGATION TYPE: CAMA
APR 141993
4. INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURE: Dates of Site Visit - 3/11/93
Was Applicant Present - No WETLANDS GROUP' r
WATER QUALITY SECTiot?'
5. PROCESSING PROCEDURE: Application Received - 3/29/93
Office - Elizabeth City
6. SITE DESCRIPTION:
(A) Local Land Use Plan - Nags Head/Kill Devil Hills
Land Classification From LUP - Conservation/Conversation
(B) AEC(s) Involved: Fresh Ponca Small Surface Water Supply Watershed
(C) Water Dependent: No
(D) Intended Use: Water Supply for Desalination Plant
(E) Wastewater Treatment: Existing - N/A
Planned - N/A
(F) Type of Structures: Existing - Water Treatment Plants, Storage Tanks
Planned - Wells, Pumps, Pump Houses,Pipe
(G) Estimated Annual Rate of Erosion: N/A
Source - N/A
7. HABITAT DESCRIPTION: (AREA]
DREDGED, FILLED OTHER
(A) Vegetated Wetlands
(B) Non-Vegetated Wetlands
(C) Other
Maritime scrub/thicket
Trenched & Refilled
13,500 sq ft
(D) Total Area Disturbed: 14,500 sq ft (0.33 acres)
(F) Primary Nursery Area: N/A
(F) Water Classification: N/A Open: N/A
8. PROJECT SUMMARY: Dare County proposes to drill from two to four deep water wells on
property of Kill Devil Hills and Nags Head around the Fresh Pond in order to provide water to their
Regional Desalination Water 'T'reatment Facility located in Kill Devil Hills.
Bio Report
Page
SITE DESCRIP'T'ION
The Fresh Pond straddles the line dividing the town limits of Kill Devil Hills and Nags Head in Dare
County. The land around the Pond and extending some distance south of the Pond is owned by Kill Devil
Hills and Nags Head. The property is located adjacent to and just east of the Nags Head Woods area,
which is a conservation area managed by the Nature Conservancy. The land on the west and south side of
the Pond is a sandy environment exhibiting some dune and swale topography. The dune areas are
vegetated with loblolly pines, live oaks and scattered persimmon trees. The swales are vegetated with a
variety of understory ferns, sedges and other wetland species. Some of the lower swales contain standing
water. Sand access trails exist throughout the property allowing access by four-wheel drive vehicles.
Dare County proposes to install two to four deep-water wells on the property of Kill Devil Hills and
Nags Head to supply water to its Desalination (Reverse Osmosis) Plant. The towns of Kill Devil Hills and
Nags Head have agreed to allow one well and three wells, respectively, on their property. The
approximate well locations are indicated on the attached plats. Each well will be drilled approximately
450' deep below ground elevation. A force main will connect each of the wells and will be buried in an
excavated trench. A 15' by 15' pump house will be constructed on a concrete slab on top of each well.
The extracted water will be pumped by a force main to the Reverse Osmosis Plant for proper treatment.
The applicant proposes to access each well site by using the existing sand trails on the property. 'T'ile
details of the proposal and hydrographic information are contained in the project summaries that are
attached.
ANTICIPA'T'ED IMPACTS
The withdrawal from the deepwater aquifer may have some impact on the shallow, freshwater aquifer
that supplies Fresh Pond with its water. This impact and the potential impact of the withdrawal on the
adjacent maritime scrub/thicket will need to be investigated by appropriate agencies. 'File exact location of
each well site and the transmission lines will need to be determined and examined by appropriate agencies
to insure that wetlands will not be impacted by the project.
CAMA REVIEW
The project is being reviewed for consistency with the appropriate land use plan. Comments on this
land use plan review will be forwards-d as soon as possible.
,Please-type or print. Carefully describe all anticipated
development activities, including construction, excava-
tion, filling, paving, land clearing, and stormwater con-
trol. If the requested information is not relevant to your
project, write N/A (not applicable). Items 1-4 and 8-9
must be completed for all projects.
1 APPLICANT
a. Name County of Dare
Address PO Box 1000
City Manteo
Zip 27954 Day phone [phone]
Landowner or X Authorized agent
b. Project name (if any) 1993 Water System
Improvements
c. If the applicant is not the landowner, also give the
owner's name end address.
Town of Kill Devil Hills
Box IM9
i Devil Hills, NC 2/948
Town o Nags ea
P.O. Box 99
Nags Head, NC 27959
2 LOCATION OF PROPOSED
PROJECT
a. Street address or secondary road number
Dead End of Eight Street at the Fresh
Pond.
b. City, town, community, or landmark
Nags Head Water Treatment Plant
c. County Dare
d. Is proposed work within city limits or planning
jurisdiction? Yes
e. Name of body of water nearest project
Fresh Pond
3 DESCRIPTION AND PLANNED USE
OF PROPOSED PROJECT
a. Describe all development activities you propose (for
example, building a home, motel, marina, bulkhead,
or pier). Refer to attached narrative
State NC
If you plan to build a marina, also complete and
attach Form DCM-MP-2. tIAR 4 '9 J"
b. Is the proposed activity maintenance of an
existin project, new work, or both?
New York - ;'44tmy
c. Will the project be for community, private, or
commercial use?
Community
d. Describe the planned use of the Mject.
Refer to attached narrative
4 LAND AND WATER
CHARACTERISTICS
a. Size of entire tract
b. Size of individual lot(s)
100 Acres +
1 Acre Well Sites
c. Elevation of tract above mean sea level or
National Geodetic Vertical Datum
16 feet MSL
d. Soil type(s) and texture(s) of tract
Sand - Sand/Clay
e. Vegetation on tract Pines and Scrub Oak
f. Man-made features now on tract None
g. What is the CAMA Land Use Plan Classification of
the site? (Consult the local land use plan.)
X Conservation E2 Transitional
Developed Community
Rural Other
h. How is the tract zoned by local government?
SED 80 (Special Environmental District)
i. How are adjacent waters classified?
Fresh Pond WS3
j. Has a professional archaeological survey been
carried out for the tract? No If so, by whom?
3/91 1
5 UPLAND DEVELOPMENT
Complete this section if the project includes any land
development. _
a. Type and number of buildings, facilities or m. Water supply source Yorktown Aquifer
structuresproposed one structure twell house)
at cacti site. n. If the project is oceanfront development, describe
b. Number of lots or parcels
Four
c. Density (Give the munber of residential units and the
units per acre.) N/A d. Site of area to be graded or disturbed
40 feet x 40 feet
e
f. Give the percentage of the tract within 75 feet of
mean high water to be covered by impermeable
gutfaces such as pavement, buildings, rooftops.
Less flian 0.3 percent
g. List the materials, such as marl, paver stone, asphalt,
or concrete, to be used for paved surfaces.
None proposed.
h. If applicable, has a stormwater management plan
been submitted to the Division of Environmental
Management?_ N/A
i. Describe proposed sewage disposal and/or waste
w ter treatment facilities.
N 7A
j. Have these facilities received state or local approval?
Site approval by bEIINR Public Water
Supply Section (Letter Attached)
k. Describe existiq treatment facilities.
Wells descri)e in attaches narrative
1. Describe location and type of discharges to waters of
the state (for example, surface runoff, sanitary
wastewater, industrial/commercial effluent, "wash
down")._Refer to attached narrative
If the proposed project will disturb more than one
acre of land, the Division of Land Resources must
receive an erosion and sedimentation control plan at
least 30 days before land disturbing activity begins.
If applicable, has a sedimentation and erosion
control plan been submitted to the Division of Land
Resources? no
the steps that will be taken to maintain established
public beach accessways or provide new access.
N/A
o. If the project is on the oceanfront, what will be the
elevation above mean sea level of the first habitable
floor? N/A
6 EXCAVATION AND FILL
INFORMATION
a. Describe below the purpose of proposed excavation
or fill activities (excluding bulkheads, which are
covered in Sect-ion 7). N/A
Access channel
(1`1LW) or (NWL)
Boat basin
Other (break-
water, pier,
boat ramp,
rock jetty)
Fill placed in
wetland or below
M11W
Upland fill
areas
Length Width Depth

b. Amount of material to be excavat fiUmm below
water level in cubic yards
c. Type of material
N/A
d. Does the area to be excavated include marshland,
swamps,nother wetlands?
e. Iligh gro und excavation, in cubic yards
N/A
2 3/91
f. DimeMns of spoil disposal area
g. Location of spoil disposal area N/A
h. Do you claim title to the disposal area? N/A
If not, attach a letter granting permission from the
owner.
i.
Will a disposal area be available for future
maintenance? N/A
If so, where?
Shoreline erosion during preceding 12 months, in
feet N/A
d. Type of bulkhead material
e. Amount of fill, in cubic yards, to be placedWo,W '')3
mean high water _
?Ti Jr.y
f. Type of fill material N/A
8 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
j. Does the disposal area include any marshland, In addition to the completed application form, the follow-
swamps, or water areas? ing items must be submitted:
N/A
k. Will the fill material be placed below mean high
water? N A
1. Amount of fill in cubic yards N/A
m. Type of fill material
N/A
n. Source of fill material
N/A
o. Will fill material be placed on marsh or other
wetlands? N/A
p. Dimensions of the wetland to be filled
N/A
q. How will excavated or fill material be kept on site
and erosion controlled?
r. What type of construction equipment will be used
(for example, dragline, backhoe, or hydraulic
dredge)? N/A
s. Will wetlands be crossed in transporting equipment
to project site? No If yes, explain steps that will
be taken to lessen environmental impacts.
7 SHORELINE STABILIZATION
a. Length of bulkhead or riprap N/A
b. Average distance waterward of mean high water or
normal water level N/A
A copy of the deed (with state application only) or other
instrument under which the applicant claims title to the
affected property. If the applicant is not claiming to be
the owner of said property, then forward a copy of the
deed or other instrument under which the owner claims
title, plus written permission from the owner to carry out
the project.
An accurate work plat (including plan view and cross
sectional drawings) drawn to scale in black ink on an 8
1/2 x 11 white paper. (Refer to Coastal Resources
Commission Rule 7J.0203 for a detailed description.)
Please note that original drawings are preferred and
only high quality copies will be accepted. Blue-line
prints or other larger plats are acceptable only if 18 high
quality copies are provided by applicant. (Contact the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers regarding that agency's
use of larger drawings.) A site or locati on map is a part
of plat requirements and it must be sufficiently detailed
to guide agency personnel unfamiliar with the area to the
site. Include county road (SR) numbers, landmarks, and
the like.
A stormwater management plan, if applicable, that
may have been developed in consultation with the
Division of Environmental Management.
A list of the names and complete addresses of the
adjacent waterfront (riparian) landowners. These
individuals have 30 days in which to submit comments
on the proposed project to the Division of Coastal
Management and should be advised by the applicant of
that opportunity. N/A
3/91
Address
Name
Address
Name
Address
A list of previous state or federal permits issued for
work on the project tract. Include permit numbers,
permittee, and issuing dates.
For Dare County (copy attached)
Permit Number 177-88 issued 8/8/88
A check for $250 made payable to the Department of
Environment, health, and Natural Resources to cover
the costs of processing the application.
A signed AEC hazard notice for projects in oceanfront
and inlet areas.
A statement on the use of public funds. If the project
involves the expenditure of public funds, attach a state-
ment documenting compliance with the North Carolina
Environmental Policy Act (N.C.G.S. 113A-1 to 10).
9 UER i IFI(;Ai ION AND PERMISSIQN
TO ENTER ON LAND
Any permit issued in response to this application will
allow only the development described in the application.
The project will be subject to conditions and restrictions
contained in the permit.
I certify that to the best of my knowledge, the proposed
activity complies with the State of North Carolina's ap-
proved Coastal Management Program and will be con-
ducted in a manner consistent with such program.
I further certify that I am authorized to grant, and do in
fact, grant permission to representatives of state and
federal review agencies to enter on the aforementioned
lands in connection with evaluating information related
to this permit application and follow-up monitoring of
project.
Tlris is thele-day of March , 19 ` 3
X? ?l
Landowner or Authorized agent
Terry L. Wheeler
County Ptanaper

t
?F P[1 !l _1
a.,?,•av
4 3/91

COUNTY OF DARE
1993 WATER IMPROVEMENTS PROJECT ?!IP(1
PROJECT NARRATIVE FOR THE CAMA PERMIT
Background
Dare County operates and maintains the Regional Desalination Water (R.O.)
Treatment Facility located in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina. The facility is capable
of producing 3 million gallons of potable water per day. Raw water is supplied to the
facility from eight deep wells with a pumping level of approximately 350 feet below
ground surface. The wells are located on the Baum Tract, which is adjacent to the
treatment facility.
Total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration in the raw water has steadily increased
since plant start-up. Missimer Associates' April 1992 study recommended, among
other things, that the County immediately drill two additional water supply wells in
the vicinity of the Fresh Pond. The Fresh Pond is located at the west end of Eighth
Street and straddles the Kill Devil Hills - Nags Head Corporate Line.
Project Overview
The project will include from two to four deep wells drilled on property owned
by the towns of Kill Devil Hills and Nags Head. A raw water main (size to be
determined) will be installed to transport water from the wells to the treatment plant.
A small (15 ft. x 15 ft.) wooden structure and concrete slab on grade will be
constricted at each well site to enclose the well head and protect electrical and
mechanical equipment. Access will be by existing trails through the project area.
Wells
Investigation has shown that the Fresh Pond property owned by the towns of Kill
Devil Hills and Nags Head will support four deep wells. Approximate well locations
(see attached sketch) begin with Well No. 9 at the northwest end of the Fresh Pond
on property owned by the Town of Kill Devil Hills, and proceeds south approximately
1,500 feet to Well No. 10, then 1,500 feet to Well No. 22 and 1,500 feet to Well No.
12. Well Nos. 10, 11, and 12 are located on property owned by the Town of Nags
Head. The Regional Water Board will determine whether two or four wells are
drilled this year. If it is determined that only two wells will be drilled during 1993,
1

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the other two would probably be drilled in 1.994. All four well sites have been
approved by Mr. Fred Hill of the Public Water Supply Section of the North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources. Mr. Hill's letter of site
approval is attached.
The project would begin by drilling a 4-inch diameter test well from 400 to 500
feet deep. The contractor would be required to retain and identify formation
samples, run an electric and gamma log of the drill hole, and recover water samples
from water-bearing formations. The information from each test well will dictate
whether or not to proceed with the production well. The test well will be capped and
used as an observation well.
The production well configuration will approximate the design shown oil
Figure 3. The depths and diameters will vary, depending on test well data. After
drilling and developing the production well a 48 to 72 hour pumping test will be
conducted to help establish the pumping rate of the well. The discharge from the
pumping test (approximately 500 gpm) will be piped to an existing wet detention
pond approximately 1,000 feet southeast of the Nags Head Water Treatment Plant.
The pond, located near the intersection of Lark Street and Satterfield Landing Road,
serves an adjacent shopping center. Discharge from the pond is by pipeline to
Satterfield Landing Road, then to U.S. 158 and eventually the Atlantic Ocean.
Each well site will be one acre in size, and wells will be located in the exact
center of the tracts. Minor clearing and site grading will be required on some sites
in order to access the site and to develop a level area for construction of the well
house. The same construction scenario will be followed for each well site.
Well House
A well house consisting of a slab on grade with a wooden superstructure will be
constructed over each well head to protect electrical and mechanical equipment. The
dimensions of the well house will be approximately 15 feet x 15 feet.
2
RECOMNENDE•,D 11OLE &
CASING SIZES
40"
36" CASING
3'
30"
INI
WA'T'ER PUR(
2S
24" C
INHIBITED
14" - 24" CSC
14" SS C
UNDE
SS Sill
SCREEN
SS CUIDE
NOT TO SCALE
APPROXIMATE DF.PTIIS
'93
., ?.-]v
130'
BOTTOM 60' OF
24" CASING TO
BE SS
460'
4651
GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT, INC.
FIGURE 3
PROPOSED WELL
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN
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81000
anh I onli

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WILMINGTON DISTRICT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
P.O. BOX 1890
WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890
IN REPLY REFER TO
Regulatory Branch
Action ID. 199301878
April 14, 1993
Mr. John Dorney
Division of Environmental Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
Dear Mr. Dorney:
n
9 ?3 ! I?
NOS GROUP
WATER UALITY SECTION
Enclosed is the application of Dare County for Department of the Army
authorization and a State Water Quality Certification to place excavated/fill
materials in wetlands adjacent to Fresh Pond associated with drilling of wells
to support the Regional Desalination Water Treatment Facility, Kill Devil
Hills/Nags Head, Dare County, North Carolina. Your receipt of this letter
verifies your acceptance of a valid request for certification in accordance
with Section 325.2(b)(ii) of our administrative regulations.
We are considering authorizing the proposed activity pursuant to Section
404 of the Clean Water Act, and we have determined that a water quality
certification is required under the provisions of Section 401 of the same law.
A Department of the Army permit will not be granted until the certification
has been obtained or waived.
In accordance with our administrative regulations, in most cases, 60 days
after receipt of a request for certification is a reasonable time for State
action. Therefore, if you have not acted on the request, or asked for an
extension of time, by June 14, 1993, the District Engineer will deem that
waiver has occurred.
Questions or comments may be addressed to Mr. Raleigh Bland, Washington
Field Office, Regulatory Branch, telephone [phone].
Sincerely,
ne Wr t
Chie , Regulatory Branch
Enclosure
4
-2-
Copies Furnished (without enclosure):
Mr. John Parker
Division of Coastal Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
Mr. David Griffin, District Manager
N.C. Division of Coastal Management
1367 U.S. Highway 17 South
Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27909

. Please-type or print Carefully describe all anticipated
development activities, including construction, excava-
tion, filling, paving, land clearing, and stormwater con-
tml. If the requested information is not relevant to your
project, write N/A (not applicable). Items 1-4 and 8-9
must be completed for all projects.
4to
If you plan to build a marina, also complete and
attach Form DCM-INIP-2.
b. 1s the proposed activity maintenance of an
existing project, new work, or both?
New ork ,70",,My
1 APPLICANT
a. Name County of Dare
Address PO Box 1000
City Manteo State NC
Zip 27954 Day phone
919-473-1101
Landowner or X Authorized agent
b. Project name (if any) 1993 Water System
Improvements
c. If the applicant is not the landowner, also give the
owner's name and address.
Town of Kill Devil Hills
Box
i Devil Hills, NG Z/948
Town o Nags ea
O. Box 99
Nags Head NC 27959
2 LOCATION OF PROPOSED
PROJECT
a. Street address or secondary mad number
Dead End of Eight Street at the Fresh
Pond.
b. City, town, community, or landmark
Nags Head Water Treatment Plant
c. County Dare
d. Is proposed work within city limits or planning
jurisdiction? Yes
e. Name of body of water nearest project
Fresh Pond
3 DESCRIPTION AND PLANNED USE
OF PROPOSED PROJECT
Describe all development activities you propose (for
example, building a home, motel, marina, bulkhead,
or pier). Refer to attached narrative
c. Will the project be for community, private, or
commercial use?
Community
d. Describe the planned use of the pp ect.
Refer to attached narra ire
4 LAND AND WATER
CHARACTERISTICS
a. Size of entire tract 100 Acres +
b. Size of individual lot(s) 1 Acre Well Sites
c. Elevation of tract above mean sea level or
National Geodetic Vertical Datum
1v feeL iIJL
d. Soil type(s) and texture(s) of tract
Sand - Sand/Clay
e. Vegetation on tract Pines and Scrub Oak
f. Man-made features now on tract None
g. What is the CAMA Land Use Plan Classification of
the site? (Consult the local land use plan.)
X Conservation E2 Transitional
Developed Community
Rural Other
h. How is the tract zoned by local government?
SED 80 (Special Environmental District)
i. How are adjacent waters classified?
Fresh Pond WS3
J. Has a professional archaeological survey been
carried out for the tract? No If so, by whom?
3191 1
5 UPLAND DEVELOPMENT
Complete this section if the project includes any land
development.
a. Type and number of buildings, facilities or m. Water supply source Yorktown Aquifer
structures proposed one structure twell house)
at each site. n. If the project is oceanfront development, describe
Fmur the steps that will be taken to maintain established
b. Number of lots or parcels public beach accessways or provide new access.
c. Density (Give the number of residential units and the N/A
unite per acre.) N/A
d. Si7.e of area to be. graded or disturbed
40 feet x 40 feet
e
f. Give the percentage of the tract within 75 feet of
mean high water to he covered by impermeable
erfaces surchtas pavemeenn, buildings, rooftops.
g. List the materials, such as marl, paver stone, asphalt,
or concrete, to be used for paved surfaces.
None proposed.
h. If applicable, has a stormwater management plan
been submitted to the Division of Environmental
Management? N/A
I. Describe proposed sewage disposal and/or waste
Mer treatment facilities.
j. Have these facilities received state or local approval?
Site approval by DEI1NR Public Water
Supply Section (Letter Attached)
k. Describe existigp treatment facilitiq.
Wells describe in attachpc narrative
Describe location and type of discharges to waters of
the state (for example, surface runoff, sanitary
wastewater, industrial/commercial effluent, "wash
down"). Refer to attached narrative
o. If the project is on the oceanfront, afiat will be the
elevation above mean sea level of the first habitable
floor? N/A
6 EXCAVATION AND FILL
INFORMATION
a. Describe below the purpose of proposed excavation
or fill activities (excluding bulkheads, which are
covered in Secdon 7). N/A
Access channel
Q 1V of (rq v'v7L/
Boat basin
Other (break-
water, pier,
boat ramp,
rock jetty)
Fill placed in
wetland or below
MHW
Upland fill
areas
Length Width Depth
b. Amount of material to be excavat0 rom below
water level in cubic yards
c. Type of material
N/A
d. Does the area to be excavated include marshland,
swamps,other wetlands?
e. High ground excavation, in cubic yards
N/A
2
If the proposed project will disturb more than one
acre of land, the Division of Land Resources must
receive an erosion and sedimentation control plan at
least 30 days before land disturbing activity begins.
If applicable, has a sedimentation and erosion
control plan been submitted to the Division of Land
Resources? no
3/91

Dimensions of spoil disposal area
g. Location of spoil disposal area N/A
h. Do you claim title to the disposal area? N/A
If not, attach a letter granting permission from the
owner.
i. Will a disposal area be available for future
maintenance? N/A
If so, where?
j. Does the disposal area include an}, marshland,
swamps, or water areas?
N/A
k. Will the fill aterial be placed below mean high
water? N A
1. Amount of fill in cubic yards N/A
m. Type of fill material N/A
n. Source of fill material N/A
o. Will fill material be place Nonmarsh or other
wetlands? //A
p. Dimensions of the wetland to be filled
N/A
q. How will excavated or fill material be kept on site
andrerosion controlled?
T. What type of construction equipment will be used
(for example, dragline, backhoe, or hydraulic
dredge)? N/A
s. Will wetlands be crossed in transporting equipment
to project site? NO If yes, explain steps that will
be taken to lessen environmental impacts.
SHORELINE STABILIZATION
a. Length of bulkhead or riprap N/A
b. Average distance waterward of mean high water or
normal water level N/A
c. Shoreline erosion during preceding 12 months, in
feet N/A
r•
d. Type of bulkhead material N/A
Amount of fill, in cubic yards, to be placed 00ohv
mean high water

f. Type of fill material N/A 8 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
In addition to the completed application form, the follow-
ing items must be submitted:
A copy of the deed (with state application only) or other
instrument under which the applicant claims title to the
affected property. If the applicant is not claiming to be
the owner of said property, then forward a copy of the
deed or other instrument under which the owner claims
title, plus written permission from the owner to cant' out
the project.
An accurate work plat (including plan view and cross
sectional drawings) drawn to scale in black ink on an 8
112 x 11 white paper. (Refer to Coastal Resources
Commission Rule 7J.0203 for a detailed description.)
Please note that original drawings are preferred and
only high quality copies will be accepted. Blue-line
prints or other larger plats are acceptable only if 18 high
quality copies are provided by applicant. (Contact the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers regarding that agency's
use of larger drawings.) A site or location map is a part
of plat requirements and it must be sufficiently detailed
to guide agency personnel unfamiliar with the area to the
site. Include county road (SR) numbers, landmarks, and
the like.
A stormwater management plan, if applicable, that
may have been developed in consultation with the
Division of Environmental Management.
A list of the names and complete addresses of the
adjacent waterfront (riparian) landowners. These
individuals have 30 days in which to submit comments
on the proposed project to the Division of Coastal
Management and should be advised by the applicant of
that opportunity. N/A
3191
Name _
Address`
Name
Address
Name
Address
A list of previous state or federal permits issued for
work on the project tract. Include permit numbers,
permittee, and issuing dates.
For Dare County (copy attached)
Pormi t NiimbFr 177-88 issue(] 8/8/88
A check for $250 made payable to the Department of
Environment , Health, and Natural Resources to cover
the costs of processing the application.
A signed AEC hazard notice for projects in oceanfront
and inlet areas.
A statement on the use of public funds. If the project
involves the expenditure of public funds, attach a state-
ment documenting compliance with the North Carolina
E^: i,; n,? cnt. l Policy Act (N.C.G.S. I I3A-1 to ]0).
TO ENTER ON LAND
9 CERTIFICATION AND PERMISSIQN
Any permit issued in response to this application will
allow only the development described in the application.
The project will be subject to conditions and restrictions
contained in the permit.
I certify that to the best of my knowledge, the proposed
activity complies with the State of North Carolina's ap-
proved Coastal Management Program and will be con-
ducted in a manner consistent with such program.
I further certify that I am authori7.ed to grant, and do in
fact, grant permission to representatives of state and
federal review agencies to enter on the aforementioned
lands in connection with evaluating information related
to this permit application and follow-up monitoring of
project.
This is the ?davof Mnrrh , 19 03
X ?l
Landowner or Authorized agent
Tr,rrv L. Whm ler
County Ptannper

1•,,.70'1
3/91
i.
1
COUNTY OF DARE
1993 WATER IMPROVEMENTS PROJECT 11A
PROJECT NARRATIVE FOR THE CAMA PERMIT
Background
Dare County operates and maintains the Regional Desalination Water (R.O.)
Treatment Facility located in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina. The facility is capable
of producing 3 million gallons of potable water per day. Raw water is supplied to the
facility from eight deep wells with a pumping level of approximately 350 feet below
ground surface. The wells are located on the Baum Tract, which is adjacent to the
treatment facility.
Total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration in the raw water has steadily increased
since plant start-up. Missimer Associates' April 1992 study recommended, among
other things, that the County immediately drill two additional water supply wells in
the vicinity of the Fresh Pond. The Fresh Pond is located at the west end of Eighth
Street and straddles the Kill Devil Hills - Nags Head Corporate Line.
Project Overview
The Project ..ill includt from t:vo to four deep wells drilled on property owned
by the towns of Kill Devil Hills and Nags Head. A raw water main (size to be
determined) will be installed to transport water from the wells to the treatment plant.
A small (15 ft. x 15 ft.) wooden structure and concrete slab on grade will be
constructed at each well site to enclose the well head and protect electrical and
mechanical equipment. Access will be by existing trails through the project area.
Wells
Investigation has shown that the Fresh Pond property owned by the towns of Kill
Devil Hills and Nags Head will support four deep wells. Approximate well locations
(see attached sketch) begin with Well No. 9 at the northwest end of the Fresh Pond
on property owned by the Town of Kill Devil Hills, and proceeds south approximately
1,500 feet to Well No. 10, then 1,500 feet to Well No. 22 and 1,500 feet to Well No.
12. Well Nos. 10, 11., and 12 are located on property owned by the Town of Nags
Head. The Regional Water Board will determine whether two or four wells are
:iril?ec, tnis year. If it is determined that only two wells will be drilled during 1993,
the other two would probably be drilled in 1994. All four well sites have been
approved by Mr. Fred Hill of the Public Water Supply Section of the North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources. Mr. Hill's letter of site
approval is attached.
The project would begin by drilling a 4-inch diameter test well from 400 to 500
feet deep. The contractor would be required to retain and identify formation
samples, run an electric and gamma log of the drill hole, and recover water samples
from water-bearing formations. The information from each test well will dictate
whether or not to proceed with the production well. The test well will be capped and
used as an observation well.
The production well configuration will approximate the design shown on
Figure 3. The depths and diameters will vary, depending on test well data. After
drilling and developing the production well a 48 to 72 hour pumping test will be
conducted to help establish the pumping rate of the well. The discharge from the
pumping test (approximately 500 gpm) will be piped to an existing wet detention
pond approximately 1,000 feet southeast of the Nags Head Water Treatment Plant.
The pond, located near the intersection of Lark Street and Satterfield Landing Road,
serves an adjacent ho} prig center. Lisc ;aigu Imt-ii the pond is by pipeline to
Satterfield Landing Road, then to U.S. 158 and eventually the Atlantic Ocean.
Each well site will be one acre in size, and wells will be located in the exact
center of the tracts. Minor clearing and site grading will be required on some sites
in order to access the site and to develop a level area for construction of the well
house. The same construction scenario will be followed for each well site.
Well House
A well house consisting of a slab on grade with a wooden superstructure will be
constructed over each well head to protect electrical and mechanical equipment. The
dimensions of the well house will be approximately 15 feet x 15 feet.
2

Access Road
Access to the well sites will be along an existing trail or path on the west side of
the Fresh Pond and along the property line extending south of the Nags Head Water
Treatment Plant. No improvements are planned other than some minor clearing for
construction equipment.
Force Main
A force main (size to be determined) will be installed along the access road.
This line will connect to each well discharge line to transport the well water to the
R.O. Treatment Facility on Mustian Drive.
Two routes for this line have been identified. The first route would direct the
line from the north end of the Fresh Pond in a northerly direction along subdivision
streets to the R.O. Facility. The second route would direct the line from the north
end of the Fresh Pond along Lake Street to U.S. 158, then in a northerly direction
along U.S. 158 to the R.O. Treatment Facility.
The first alternative would be along streets owned and maintained by the Town
of Kill Devil Hills. The second alternative would place the line within NCDOT right-
of-way. The Regional Water Board will determine final location of the line.
The line will be installed using a trench and backfill method and will have three
to three and one-half feet of cover.
Electrical
Power service to the wells will be installed underground along the access road.
3
?ar? a? - *-. ..arcs ...9-'. «.wa *?Mt+r?uatAM -.iw-r:.. ?r.•.?s4 "ti" ;:
REC?tt41ENDED HOLE b
CASING SIZES
40' BORE /
36" CASING
35" BORE.
30" CASING
IV INHIBITED
WATER PURGE LINE
29" BORE
24" CASING
INHIBITED WATER
14" - 24" CSG SEAL
14" SS CASING
UND,F.RREAM
SS SHUTTER
SCREEN 7 GA
SS GUIDE PIPE
NOT TO SCALE
130'
280'
BOTTOM 60' OF
24" CASING TO
BE SS
330'
450'
460'
465'
GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT, INC.
FIGURE 3
PROPOSED WELL
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN
API'ROXItiATE DEPTHS
40'
f!, ?. l1 l1 '93
I` I
11{: ??I
I '?

4" Conc ,514b
/5' ±
PLAQ
I
.a t
AsphoH eh;ng/ee
0 0
m
%Z" EYtcrlor
plywooo' or
mosonr.9 Oz 0
selected by
owner ,4

WELL V1 OUSE 5 KETCH
Fro jeCf
Btadc vieatcn o A R E GOU rJ TY, N C Z3464

BACK & VEATCH
1 10 VVr,,I V` AI er /w-nur, AOwhnro IJr,Tth Crimlinn 2%204 0728, ( 1 ) f,,'2 3(>OO, frn. (?I;) :v, in
County of Dare
CAMA Permit
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
1367 U.S. 17 South
Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27609
Attention: Mr. David R. Griffin
District Manager
Gentlemen:
B&V Project 23464.200
B&V File B
March 16, 1993
The following information is in response to your request for addition information
regarding the CAMA Permit Application for Dare County.
• Water Quantity and Quality
During the pumping test, and to quantify the yield of the aquifer, we
anticipate pumping rates between 400 and 500 gallons per minute (gpm).
Production well pumping rates will not be determined until safe aquifer yield
has been calculated. However, based on pumping rates at the eight existing
Baum Tract wells, we anticipate that production well rates will also range
between 400 and 500 gpm.
We anticipate that initial chloride levels will be in the range of 1,000 ppm.
Although other water quality constituents are expected to be similar to those
in the existing deep wells, laboratory analysis will be required to confirm
suitability for treatment.
•T

N,-- impac. On the groundwater table aquifer is anticipated, because O1 a Clay
confining bed (approximately 170 feet thick) that will inhibit vertical
movement of the water table aquifer. As part of our investigation, two
Page 2
State of North Carolina
Mr. David R. Griffin
B&V Project 23464.200
March 16, 1993
shallow monitoring wells (20 feet deep) have been installed to help
determine long-range impact on the root zone of the maritime forest.
• Aquifer Description
An excerpt from the Missimer Associates report (April 1992), describing the
hydrogeology of the existing well field, is enclosed. We believe it is
reasonable to assume that similar geology exists in the vicinity of the Fresh
Pond as well. This is the best and most accurate information available.
• Wet Detention Pond
It has been concluded that direct discharge into the detention pond will not
be necessary. We now plan to discharge into the open ditch system that
receives flow from the detention pond. Precautions will be taken to
minimize erosion problems, and we will submit the required erosion control
permit with design and calculations.
We hope that this information satisfactorily responds to your request. Please let
me know if you require more detail or additional information.
Very truly yours,
eu
Enclosure
cc: Terry Wheeler, Dare County
Debbie Diaz. Kill Devil Hilis
Webt' Fuller. Nags Head
Bob Oreskovich, Dare County
William P. Bizzel
III. HYDROGEOLOGY AT KILL DEVIL HILLS
Introduction
Hydrogeologic investigations at Kill Devil Hills have been conducted by the North
Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Division of
Water Resources, the U.S. Geological Survey, and various consultants including
Missimer & Associates, Inc. The object of some of the most recent investigations
was to determine the suitability of the Yorktown Aquifer for use as a resource for
reverse osmosis water treatment. Important issues were the nature and distribution
of water quality laterally and with depth, the degree of confinement above the
Yorktown Aquifer, the degree of confinement between the mid-Yorktown Formation
and the lower-Yorktown Formation, and the confinement between the Yorktown
Aquifer and the underlying Pungo River Formation.
The Yorktown Formation of Pliocene age underlies the more recent surficial
deposits. It ranges in thickness from about 150 feet thick in Beaufort County, to
over 500 feet thick in eastern Dare County. The Yorktown Formation consists of
beds of fine to coarse-grained sand and sandy limestone interbedded with clay, with
widely distributed mollusk shells. Sand and limestone layers in the Yorktown are the
principal source of water supply in Hyde and Tyrell Counties, and to a lesser extent
in Washington County. Dare County is the only user of this aquifer in the Outer
Banks area. The distances separating inland users of the Yorktown Aquifer from the
Dare County wellfield at Kill Devil Hills are sufficiently great that there are no direct
interactions between them. For a more detailed description please see Winner &
Coble, 1989.
The most reliable and site specific source of geologic information about the
'\'orktown Formation at Kill Devil Hills comes from the lithologic log acquired by
Missimer & Associates during the construction of R.O. well 1. A geologic column
based on this log is shown in Figure 3-1
Geophysical logging in R.O. Well 1 is
9
DE, SERIES r
On 0THOLOGY AQUIFER
oN
.

0
HOLOCENE

SAND, FINE TO WATER TABLE
COARSE QUARTZ AQUIFER
Pilo-
PLOSTOCENE -
_
100-
? =::==I CLAY, OLIVE MAY, SRFT CONFINING BED
T SAND AND PRINCIPAL
- - GRAVEL QUARTZ AQUIFER
20

- CLAY, OLIVE GRAY, CONFINING
-=
- FINE, SANDY, SILTY, BEDS
-=- MINOR SHELL
30 -- -

PLIOCENE O
Y
' Y
SAND AND SHELL,
MID
OWN
Y
c) ,. FINE TO MEDIUM AQU
;.?•.••; GRAIN SIZE
0 '

r-?
` -,
CLAY AND SAND, MID

YORKTOWN
N- OLIVE GRAY, SHELL AQUfTARD

00-
SAND, MINOR CLAY,
FINE SHELL

T .;
LOWER
SAND AND CLAY, YORKTOWN
_ INTERBEDDED,
0 LIGHT OLIVE GRAY,
- SHELL
.F
7

a = - PUNGO RIVER
MIOCENE _ = _ - CLAY CONFINING UNR
70 a - -
WA .FM7RONr"11Tl4L 14NIJ 6!RouXofl2.r R SER17CE'S
DRN. E7Y: CAM DWG NO. C-CO401GE2-3 DATE 3/24/92
PROJECT NAME DARE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA NUMBER: CHO-401
FIGURE 3-1. HYDROGEOLOGIC SECTION OF DARE COUNTY BAUM TRACT WELLFIELD.
Missimer
k
Associates,lnc.
10
used together with a suite of geophysical logs performed in the 1610 foot Deep Test
well (KDH-DTH) and the U.S.Geological Survey site 11 well to provide additional
lithologic information, particularly about the strata underlying the Yorktown Aquifer
production zone.
The Yorktown Formation confining beds consist of thick olive-gray marine clays with
fine sand and silt interbeds beginning at a depth of 150 feet, and continuing to a
depth of approximately 320 feet. These beds have a very low vertical hydraulic
conductivity, and effectively isolate the underlying Yorktown Aquifer from saline
water in the near surface sediments. The mid-Yorktown Aquifer (formerly called the
Lower Aquifer) begins at the top of the transmissive sand unit at a depth of
approximately 320 feet, and continues to about 440 feet. A clay and sand bed
occurring between 440 and 500 feet below land surface (BLS) impedes the vertical
movement of water, and acts as an aquitard. Below this aquitard a transmissive,
thirty foot thick sand and shell bed occurs, between 500 and 530 feet BLS. Finally,
near the base of the Yorktown Formation, an interbedded sand and clay unit occurs
having moderate transmissivity. The Pungo River confining beds mark the
lowermost limit of the Yorktown Formation. These beds begin at a depth of 660 feet
BLS, based on the natural gamma-ray log from the deep test well (KDH-DT). For
a more detailed description of the Yorktown Formation at Kill Devil Hills see Peek,
Register, and Nelson (1972), and Missimer & Associates, Inc. (1987).
In this report the terms "mid-Yorktown" and "mid-Yorktown Aquifer" are used to refer
to the sand and shell bed between 320 and 440 feet BLS; the clay and sand unit
between 440 and 500 feet BLS is referred to as the "mid-Yorktown aquitard"; and
the term "lower-Yorktown Aquifer" is used to refer to the clayey sand beds and the
transmissive sand and shell sequence between 500 and 660 feet BLS.
Relatively little is known about regional hydraulic gradient of the Yorktown Aquifer,
but in the Outer Banks area it is subdued, probably less than one foot per mile.
11

Water levels in the wells which penetrate the Yorktown Aquifer at Kill Devil Hills
cannot be readily converted to hydraulic gradients because many of these wells are
not surveyed relative to National Geodetic Vertical Datum. However, because of the
very low gradient this does not present a problem to the groundwater model; the
model assumes a horizontal initial potentiometric surface.
Recharge to the Yorktown Aquifer occurs on the mainland west of Dare County,
primarily from direct rainfall infiltration where the Yorktown Formation outcrops at
land surface, but also from brackish to saline water from Albemarle Sound and
leakage from stratigraphically adjacent aquifers. As noted, however, groundwater
gradients are very low in the Outer Banks, and the rate of freshwater recharge to
the brackish mid-Yorktown Aquifer at Kill Devil Hills is minimal.
Aquifer Hydraulic Parameters
Two aquifer performance tests have been performed using wells screened in the
mid-Yorktown interval, from 320 to 420 feet below land surface in the Kill Devil Hills
area. These tests produced a range of aquifer coefficients, varying from 99,000 to
160,000 gpd/ft for transmissivity, 3.4 x 10-4 to 4.5 x 10-4 for storativity, and 4.3 x 10-
3 to 5.0 x 10-4 gpd/ft' for leakance. An additional test in Rodanthe determined a
transmissivity value of between 70,000 and 89,000 gpd/ft, a storativity of 1.4 x 10 4,
and a leakance value of 2.1 x 10-' gpd/ff. Based on lithologic data it is expected
that values for leakance represent the degree of hydraulic connection between the
production interval and the underlying sediments in the lower-Yorktown Formation,
and not the degree of connection between the production interval and overlying
Principal Aquifer or Quaternary units, or with the deeper underlying Pungo River
Formation.
These measured hydroaeologic data, along with detailed analysis of lithologies and
geophysical signature, were used to construct a calibrated numerical model with a
hydraulic response which is virtually identical to the actual aquifer. The
l-,
hydrogeologic data base is relatively strong in the mid-Yorktown Aquifer production
zone, but the hydraulic character within the lower-Yorktown Aquifer, which exerts a
significant influence on the production zone above, is largely unknown. The system
modeled in this report is bounded by the thick Yorktown confining beds above the
production interval (above 320 ft. BLS), and the Pungo River confining beds (below
660 ft. BLS).
13

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State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Northeastern Region
1424 Carolina Avenue, Washington, North Carolina 27889-1424
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
January 28, 1993

William P. Bizzell, P.E.
Black & Veatch, Inc. r rM.4, Y
P.O. Box 728
Asheboro, NC 27203
RE: Dare County Water System
Proposed Well Sites
Dear Mr. Bizzell:
Thanks for your assistance and cooperation during my visit on January
27, 1993 during which we evaluated sites for additional water supply
wells to supplement the reverse osmosis facility.
These sites are located on property owned by the Towns of Nag's Head
and Kill Devil Hills respectively in the area known as Nag's Head
Woods. The property is densely wooded and undeveloped with joint
management through the Nature Conservancy. The individual sites are
shown on the attached sketches.
Based on the location, topography, and discussions concerning
construction and operation, the sites are approved for use as discussed.
The wells should be developed, tested, and pumped in a manner and flow
rate that does not adversely affect the groundwater in the area.
The sites should be secured from any existing or potential sources of
pollution at least a 100-foot radius from the well. No chemical
applications will be allowed within this radius. Additionally, the
well ites must be graded and sloped to provide positive drainage away
from the well.
P.O Box 2188, Wachkwm. North Carolina 278892188 Tekvhbne 919.9466481 FAX: [phone]-N &M39
William P. Bizzell, P.E.
Page 2
January 28, 1993
Specific provisos for these sites include:
1. Wells within 200 feet of a surface water body or less than 50 feet
in depth may be subject to the surface water treatment rule.
2. Even though the Towns own the property and its use is restricted a
surveyed plot and easement agreement should be recorded with the
County and a copy provided with the plans and specifications.
3. These wells will likely be pumped from a depth greater than 300
feet with chlorides anticipated near 1000 mg/l. Based on the
extensive well development and testing that is proposed and the
proximity to the fresh pond/surface water supply for the Nag's
Head water treatment facility the volume of water should be
removed from the Lake's watershed area.
4. Vehicular access should be provided and maintained for each
location.
Final approval of the well will be based on the results of the drilling
log, 24-hour pumping test, and chemical analysis from a certified lab.
Plans and specifications, including a plot plan, from a registered
engineer should be submitted to the Public Water Supply Section in
Raleigh for approval prior to construction.
Please contact the Groundwater Section, Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources in the Washington Regional Office for any
necessary well construction permits.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please
contact this office.
Sincerely,
J. Fred Hill
Public Water Supply Section
sle
Enclosure
cc: M.P. Bell
W.E. Venrick
Groundwater Section/WARD
Dare County Water System
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NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICY ACT STATEMENT
NCGS 113A 1 TO 10
In the conduct of this project, it is the intent of the
County of Dare to comply with all applicable requirements of
the North Carolina Environmental Policy Act.
By LJ! ?t (/` / 15 / / /Y 3
Terry L. Wheeler Date
County Manager
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