20050523 Ver 1_Complete File_20050329

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Michael F. Easley, Governor

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William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Alan W. Klimek, P,E. Director
Division of Water Quality

April 4, 2005

DWQ Project # 05-0523
Haywood County

John McCracken
Haywood County Schools
1230 North Main Street
Waynesville, NC 28786

Subject Property: Junaluska Elementary School Project
Raccoon Creek - Pigeon River - French Broad Basin

Approval of 401 Water Quality Certificati'on with Additional Conditions

Dear Mr. McCracken:

You have our approval, in accordance with the attached conditions and those listed
below, to place fill within or otherwise impact 700 linear feet of Raccoon Creek for the
purpose of stabilization at Junaluska Elementary School, as described within your
application received by the N.C. Division of Water Quality (DWQ) on March 29, 2005.
After reviewing your application, we have decided that the impacts are covered by
General Water Quality Certification Number(s) 3399 (GC3399). The Certification(s)
allows you to use Nationwide Permit(s) 13 when issued by the US Army Corps of
Engineers (USACE). In addition, you should obtain or otherwise comply with any other
required federal, state or local permits before you go ahead with your project including
(but not limited to) Erosion and Sediment Control, Non-discharge, Stormwater and
Buffer regulations. Also, this approval to proceed with your proposed impacts or
to conduct impacts to waters as depicted in your application shall expire upon
expiration of the 404 or CAMA Permit.

This approval is for the purpose and design that you described in your application. If
you change your project, you must notify us and you may be required to send us a new
application. If the property is sold, the new owner must be given a copy of this
Certification and approval letter and is thereby responsible for complying with all
conditions. If total fills for this project (now or in the future) exceed one acre of wetland
or 150 linear feet of stream, compensatory mitigation may be required as described in
15A NCAC 2H .0506 (h). This approval requires you to follow the conditions listed in
the attached certification and any additional conditions listed below.

The Additional Conditions of the Certification are:

~1ethCarolina
/va/llrn/!!!

401 Wetlands Certification Unit
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard. Suite 250, Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone]/ FAX [phone]/lnternet http://h2o,enrstatene,us/newetlands

An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer - 50% Recycled/1 0% Post Consumer Paper

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Page 2 of5
April 4, 2005:

.

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1. Impacts Approved

The following impacts are hereby approved as long as all of the other specific
and general conditions of this Certification (or Isolated Wetland Permit) are met.
No other impacts are approved including incidental impacts:

Shoreline

Plan Location or Reference

Raccoon Creek

2. Erosion & Sediment Control Practices

Erosion and sediment control practices must be in full compliance with all
specifications governing the proper design, installation and operation and
maintenance of such Best Management Practices in order to protect surface
waters standards:

a. The erosion and sediment control measures for the project must be
designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the most
recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control Planning
and Design Manual.
b. The design, installation, operation, and maintenance of the sediment and
erosion control measures must be such that they equal, or exceed, the
requirements specified in the most recent version of the North Carolina
Sediment and Erosion Control Manual. The devices shall be maintained on
all construction sites, borrow sites, and waste pile (spoil) projects, including
contractor-owned or leased borrow pits associated with the project.
c. For borrow pit sites, the erosion and sediment control measures must be
designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the most
recent version of the North Carolina Surface Mining Manual.
d. The reclamation measures and implementation must comply with the
reclamation in accordance with the requirements of the Sedimentation
Pollution Control Act.

3. No Waste, Spoil, Solids, or Fill of Any Kind

No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian
areas beyond the footprint of the impacts depicted in the Pre-Construction
Notification. All construction activities, including the design, installation, operation,
and maintenance of sediment and erosion control Best Management Practices,
shall be performed so that no violations of state water quality standards, statutes,
or rules occur.

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PageJof5

April 4, 2005:

4. No Sediment & Erosion Control Measures wIn Wetlands or Waters

Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or waters
to the maximum extent practicable. If placement of sediment and erosion control
devices in wetlands and waters is unavoidable, they shall be removed and the
natural grade restored within six months of the date that the Division of Land
Resources has released the project.

5. Certificate of Completion

Upon completion of all work approved within the 401 Water Quality Certification
or applicable Buffer Rules, and any subsequent modifications, the applicant is
required to return the attached certificate of completion to the 401/VVetlands Unit,
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC,
27699-1650.

6. Equipment

Heavy equipment should be operated from the bank whenever possible. All
mechanized equipment operated near surface waters should be inspected and
maintained regularly to prevent contamination of stream waters from fuels,
lubricants, hydraulic fluids or other toxic materials. Equipment used in stream
channel must be clean, new or low hour equipment.

7. Diffuse Flow

All constructed stormwater conveyance outlets shall be directed and maintained
as diffuse flow at non-erosive velocities through the protected stream buffers
such that it will not re-concentrate before being discharged. If this is not possible,
it may be necessary to provide stormwater facilities that are considered to
remove nitrogen. This may require additional approval from this Office.

8. Turbidity Standard

The turbidity standard of 10 NTUs (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) shall not be
exceeded as described in 15 A NCAC 2B. .0200. Appropriate sediment and
erosion control practices must be used to meet this standard.

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Page 4 of5
April 4, 2005:

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9. No Impacts Beyond those in Application

No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or
riparian areas beyond the footprint of the impacts depicted in the Pre-
construction Notification. All construction activities, including the design,
installation, operation, and maintenance of sediment and erosion control Best
Management Practices, shall be performed so that no violations of state water
quality standards, statutes, or rules occur.

10. No Sediment and Erosion Control Measures in Wetlands

Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or waters
to the maximum extent practicable. If placement of sediment and erosion control
devices in wetlands and waters is unavoidable, they shall be removed and the
natural grade restored within six months of the date that the Division of Land
Resources or locally delegated program 'has released the project. .

11. Woody Buffers

A woody buffer, at least 25 foot wide from the top of the stream bank on both
sides of the stream must be established in accordance with the attached
Guidelines for Riparian Buffer Restoration.

Violations of any condition herein set forth may result in revocation of this Certification
and may result in criminal and/or civil penalties. The authorization to proceed with your
proposed impacts or to conduct impacts to waters as depicted in your application and
as authorized by this Certification, shall expire upon expiration of the 404 or CAMA
Permit.

If you do not accept any of the conditions of this Certification (associated with the
approved wetland or stream impacts), you may ask for an adjudicatory hearing. You
must act within 60 days of the date that you receive this letter. To ask for a hearing,
send a written petition, which conforms to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes to the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh,
N.C. 27699-6714. This certification and its conditions are final and binding unless you
ask for a hearing.

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Page50f5
April 4, 2005:

,

This letter completes the review of the Division of Water Quality under Section 401 of
the Clean Water Act. If you have any questions, please telephone Cyndi Karoly in the
Central Office in Raleigh at 919-733-9721 or Kevin Barnett in the DWQ Asheville
Regional Office at 828-296-4657.

Sincerely,

~

WL-Alan W. Klimek, P.E.

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Enclosures: GC 3373
Certificate of Completion
Guidelines to Riparian Buffer Restoration

cc: Keith Haynes, DWQ-ARO
USACE Asheville Regulatory Field Office
DWQ Asheville Regional Office
DLR Asheville Regional Office
File Copy
Central Files

Filen ame: 05-0523. RaccoonCreek. Haywood. GC3399 .Approval

MEMORANDUM

TO:

John Dorney
Non-Discharge Branch

Regional Contact:
WQ Supervisor:
Date:

Barnett. Kevin
Formst Wp.strlll

SUBJECT: WETLAND STAFF REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Facility Name Junaluska Elcmcntary School projcct
Project Number 05 0523
Recvd From APP

County Haywood
County2
Region Ashcvillc

Recvd By Region

Received Date 3/29/05

Project Type Strcam bank crosion

Certificates

Permit Wetland Wetland Wetland Stream
Type Type Impact Score Index

Stream
Class

Acres
Basin Req.

Feet
Req.

Prim. Supp.

I NWl3 I Stream IOY @N I I 05-16-14 fI31 140,305. I I 700.00
I I IOY ON I I r-I I I I

MitiQation
MitigationType

Wetland
Type Acres

Feet

r

Is Wetland Rating Sheet Attached? 0 Y @ N Did you request more info? 0 Y @ N
Have Project Changes/Conditions Been Discussed With Applicant? 0 Y @ N
Is Mitigation required? 0 Y @ N Recommendation: 0 Issue @ Issue/Cond 0 Deny

Provided by Region: Latitude (ddmmss) 353028 Longitude (ddmmss) 825754

Comments:
Issued - ARO - 04/04/2005 - KHB

Awaiting Itr to fill in approved project
details
Dbase updated wi apprvl date only
L Dennison

cc:

Regional Office
Central Office

Page Number 1

Triage Check List

Kevin Barnett, Asheville Regional Office

Project Name: Junaluska Elementary School Project
DWQ#: 05-0523
County: Haywood

Date: 3/31/05

To: 60-day Processing Time: 3/29/05 to 5/27/05

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From: Cyndi Karoly Telephone: [phone]

The file attached is being forwarded to your for your evaluation.
Please call if you need assistance.

D Stream length impacted
D Stream deternlination
Wetland deternlination and distance to blue-line surface waters on USFW topo maps
D Minimization/avoidance issues
D Buffer Rules (Neuse, Tar-Pamlico, Catawba, Randleman)
D Pond fill
D Mitigation Ratios
Ditching
D Are the stream and or wetland mitigation sites available and viable?
D Check drawings for accuracy
D Is the application consistent with pre-application meetings?
Cumulative impact concern
D
D
D

Comments: As per our discussion regarding revision ofthe triage and delegation processes,
please review the attached file. Note that you are the first reviewer, so this file will need to be
reviewed for administrative as well as technical details. If you elect to place this proj ect on hold,
please ask the applicant to provide your requested infornlation to both the Central Office in
Raleigh as well as the Asheville Regional Office. As we discussed, this is an experimental, interim
procedure as we slowly transition to electronic applications. Please apprise me of any
complications you encounter, whether related to workload, processing times, or lack of a "second
reviewer" as the triage process in Central had previously provided. Also, if you think of ways to
improve this process, especially so that we can plan for the electronic applications, let me know.
Thanks!

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Haywood Soil and Water C., .
589 Raccoon Road. Suite 203 on..ervatlon District
[phone] (828) 4~~J;;;Vllle. NC 28786
FAX [phone] Ext. 3

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Haywood Soil and Water Conservation District
589 Raccoon Road, Suite 203 Waynesville, NC 28786
[phone] [phone] Ex!. 3
[phone] FAX

March 28, 2005

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Cyndi Karoly
Division of Water Quality
401 Wetlands Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650

Dear Ms. Karoly,

Enclosed you will find a check for $475 for the Junaluska School Stream Stabilization
permit.

Thank you for your consideration. If you have any questions please call 828-452-2741
ext 3.

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eslie Smathers ~
Haywood SWCD

Enclosure

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MAR 2 9 2005

OENR - WATER QUAUlY
"ETlANOSANOSTORMWATER8RANCH

Fifty-one Years of Soil and Water Conservation

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North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of 'Vater Quality

Michael F. Easley, Governor

William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director

March 28, 2005

CERTIFIED MAIL

Leslie Smathers
Haywood Soil & 'Vater Conservation District
589 Raccoon Road Suite 203
'Vaynesville, NC 28786

Dear Mr.!Ms. Smathers:

On 3/24/05, the Division of Water Quality received your application on behalf of Haywood
County Schools/Junaluska Elementary School for a 401 Certification in Haywood County, North
Carolina. Please note that beginning January 1,1999, the N.C. General Assembly passed
legislation requiring payment of a fee for all 40 I applications. Your application is being returned
since no payment was received with the package. The fee for applications is $200 for projects
impacting less than an acre of wetland and less than 150 linear feet of streams. For projects
impacting one or more acres of wetland or 150 or more feet of streams, the fee is $475. In order
for DWQ to begin review and process your request, you must send a check in the appropriate
amount made payable to the N.C. Division of Water Quality, attached to your application.

If you have any questions regarding this letter please do not hesitate to call me at (919)-733-
1786.

Sincerely,

c~~:H

Enclosed: 401 Application Packet received 3/24/05
CC: Central Files

Wetlands/401 Unit
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699.1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard. Suite 250. Raleigh. North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone]/ FAX [phone]/lntemet: htlp:!;112o,cnr,Qatc,nc.lIs'I1C\\ ctbn,!<;

N~rth Carolina
lVatl/fally

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PAYMENT
RECEIVED

MAK 2 4 2005

Office Use Only:

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WElWlDS AND STORMWATER BRANCH Form Version May 2002

05U523

USACE Action ID No. DWQ No.
(If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A".)

I.

Processing

1. Check all of the approval(s) requested for this project:
[gJ Section 404 Permit D
D Section 10 Permit D
[gJ 401 Water Quality Certification

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Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
Isolated Wetland Permit from DWQ

2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested:

3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: D

4. Ifpayment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposed for
mitigation of impacts (verify availability with NCWRP prior to submittal of PCN), complete
section vrn and check here: D

5. If your project is located in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on page
4), and the project is within a North Carolina Division of Coastal Management Area of
Environmental Concern (see the topofpage 2 for further details), check here: D

II. Applicant Information

1. Owner/Applicant Information
Name: Haywood County Schoo 1 s

Mailing Address: 1230 North Ma i n Street
Waynesville, NC 28786

Telephone Number:828-456-2400
E-mail Address:

Fax Number: 828-456-2438

2. Agent/Consultant Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter
must be attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name:
Company Affiliation:
Mailing Address:

Telephone Number:
E-mail Address:

Fax Number:

Page 5 of 5

III. Project Information

Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17 -inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ preferS- full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.

1. Name ofproject: Junaluska Elementary School proiect

2. T.I.P. Project Number or State Project Number (NCDOT Only):

3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN): 8626037525

4. Location
County: Havwood Nearest Town: Wavnesville
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number):
Directions to site (include road numbers, landmarks, etc.): Old Ashville Hwy to Junaluska
Elementary school.

5. Site coordinates, if available (UTM or Lat/Long):
(Note - If proj ect is linear, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that separately lists the
coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)

6. Property size (acres): 22 acres

7. Nearest body of water (streamJriver/sound/ocean/lake): Raccoon Creek

8. River Basin: Pigeon River - French Broad River Basin
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at http://h20.enr.state.nc.us/admin/maps/.)

9. Describe the existing conditions on the site and general land use in the vicinity of the proj ect
at the time of this application: Severe stream bank erosion occurring at this site. This site
is at a school and an outdoor classroom is also planned at site.

Page 60f6

10. Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used: A track-
hoe shall be used to construct natural channel design structures. Hand labor to plant buffer
area.

11. Explain the purpose ofthe proposed work: To reduce stream bank erosion occurring at this
site.

IV. Prior Project History

If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ill Number, D\VQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.!.P. project, along with
construction schedules.

V. Future Project Plans

Are any future permit requests anticipated for this project? If so, describe the anticipated work,
and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current application.

VI. Proposed Impacts to 'Vaters of the United StatesAVaters of the State

It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. The applicant must also
provide justification for these impacts in Section VII below. All proposed impacts, permanent
and temporary, must be listed herein, and must be clearly identifiable on an accompanying site
plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial) must be shown on a
delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems. Wetland and stream
evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate. Photographs may be
included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for wetland or stream
mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional space is needed for
listing or description, please attach a sep~rate sheet.

Page 7 of7

1. Provide a written description of the proposed impacts:

2. Individually list wetland impacts below:

Wetland Impact Area of Located within Distance to
Site Number Type of Impact* Impact 1 aD-year Floodplain** Nearest Stream Type ofWetland***
(indicate on map) ( acres) (ves/no) (linear feet)
.

*

**

***

List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but arc not limited to: mechanized clearing, grading, fill,
excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams, separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
100-Year floodplains are identified through the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM), or FEMA-approved local floodplain maps. Maps are available through the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616, or
online at http://www.fema.gov. .
List a wetland type that best describes wetland to be impactcd (e.g" freshwater/saltwater marsh, forestcd wetland, beaver pond,
Carolina Bay, bog, etc.) Indicate if wetland is isolated (detennination of isolation to be made by USACE only).

List the total acreage (estimated) of all existing wetlands on the property:
Total area of wetland impact proposed:

3. Individually list all intermittent and perennial stream impacts below:

Stream Impact Length of Average Width Perennial or
Site Number Type of Impact* Impact Stream Name** of Stream Intennittent?
(indicate on map) (linear feet) Before Impact (please specify)
1 700ft Raccoon Creek 15ft perennial

LIst each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: culverts and associated rip-rap,
dams (separately list impacts due to both structure and tlooding), relocation (include linear feet before and after, and net loss/gain),
stabilization activities (cement wall, rip-rap, crib wall, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is
proposed, plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams must be included.
** Stream names can be found on USGS topographic maps. If a stream has no name, list as UT (unnamed tributary) to the nearest
downstream named stream into which it tlows. USGS maps are available through the USGS at 1-800-358-9616, or online at
WWIV.USgS.gov, Several internet sites also allow direct download and printing of USGS maps (e.g., IV'.\IW.topozone.com,
www.mapqucst.com. etc.).

*

Cumulative impacts (linear distance in feet) to all streams on site: 700ft

Page 8 of8

4. Individually list all open water impacts (including lakes, ponds, estuaries, sounds, Atlantic
Ocean and any other water of the U.S.) below:

Open Water Impact Area of Name of Water body Type of Water body
Site Number Type of Impact* Impact (if applicable) (lake, pond, estuary, sound,
(indicate on map) (acres) bay, ocean, etc.)
..

.. ,List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: fill, excavation, dredging,
flooding, drainage, bulkheads, etc.

5. Pond Creation
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): D uplands D stream D wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.):

Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.):

Size of watershed draining to pond:

Expected pond surface area:

VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)

Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
Most of work can be accomplished on stream bank. The Haywood Soil and Water
Conservation District alon15 with Area I engineer will oversee work till complete.

VIII. Mitigation

DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.

Page 90f9

USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on March 9, 2000, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.

~
~

If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCWRP concurrence shall be placed on hold as
incomplete. An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration
in DWQ's Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://h20.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/strmgide.html.

1. Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.

2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration
Program (NCWRP). Please note it is the applicant's responsibility to contact the NCWRP at
[phone] to determine availability and to request written approval of mitigation prior
to submittal of a PCN. For additional information regarding the application process for the
NCWRP, check the NCWRP website at htto://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/wm/index.htm. If useof
the NCWRP is proposed, please check the appropriate box on page three and provide the
following information:

Amount of stream mitigation requested (linear feet):
Amount of buffer mitigation requested (square feet):
Amount of Riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres):
Amount of Coastal wetland mitigation requested (acres):

Page 10 of 10

IX. Environmental Documentation (required by DWQ)

Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal/state) funds or the use of public
(federal/state) land?
Y es ~ No 0

If yes, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the
requirements of the National or North Carolina Environmental Policy Act (NEPNSEPA)?
Note: If you are not sure whether a NEP NSEP A document is required, call the SEP A
coordinator at [phone] to review current thresholds for environmental documentation.
~D ~M :'

If yes, has the docwnent review been finalized by the S tate Clearinghouse? If so, please attach a
copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval letter.
Yes 0 No 0

X. Proposed Impacts on Riparian and 'Vatershed Buffers (required by DWQ)

It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
required state and local buffers associated with the project. The applicant must also provide
justification for these impacts in Section VII above. All proposed impacts must be listed herein,
and must be clearly identifiable on the accompanying site plan. All buffers must be shown on a
map, whether or not impacts are proposed to the buffers. Correspondence from the DWQ
Regional Office may be included as appropriate. Photographs may also be included at the
applicant's discretion.

Will the project impact protected riparian buffers identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0233
(Neuse), 15A NCAC 2B .0259 (Tar-Pamlico), 15A NCAC 2B .0250 (Randleman Rules and
Water Supply Buffer Requirements), or other (please identify )?
Yes 0 No Rl If you answered "yes", provide the following information:

Identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers. If buffer
mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the buffer
multipliers.

Zone* Impact Multiplier Required
(square feet) Mitigation
1 3
2 1.5
Total

*

Zone I extends out 30 feet perpendicular from near bank of channel; Zone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.

Page 11 of 11

.' .

If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e., Donation
of Property, Conservation Easement, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, Preservation or
Payment into the Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as
identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0242 or .0260.

XI. Stormwater (required by D'\VQ)

Describe impervious acreage (both existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site.
Discuss stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface: waters and wetlands
downstream from the property.

XII. Sewage Disposal (required by DWQ)

Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity ofthe subject facility.

XIII. Violations (required by DWQ)

Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes D No 18l

Is this an after-the-fact permit application?
Yes D No ~

XIV. Other Circumstances (Optional):

It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside ofthe applicant's control).

/;~d;,/(tl';~<'/~ ;f -~) z. - c::y

/1 A"pplfcan ~gent's Signature Date
,/ , (Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)

L-

Page 12 of 12

ltogrammetric methods using
and by reference to TVA.USGS
leld checked by TVA. 1967

rth American datum
th Carolina

MNi
2~' \lieN
44MiL'S\ :_I~()~:.
;'20 MILS

I
7
.. '.. ......_... :1 _t.___.~~_....__.

SCALE L
Q

1 coo 0 1000 2COO 3CCO
~r::::=::::::":::c::::,c"':::"""r=_
ISO
k:::::::=i..-..l::=::::::;:: _0--1 ~..J:=:=;:i._~-::_

CONTOUR INTER

NATIONAL GEODETIC VERT

selected fence and field lines
Ihis information is unchecked

gs within the boundaries of
tions shown on this map

Revisions shown in purple-and recompilation 'cf woodland
areas compiled by the Tennessee Valley Authority from aerial
photogrJphs l<:lken 1976. This information not field checked.
Map edited 19'/8

THIS MAP COMPUES W11li NAllOt
FOR SAlE BY U.S. GE
DENVER, COLORADO 00225, 0
AND U.S. TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHO
A FOLDER DESCRIBING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS

se Mercator Grid ticks,

UTM GRID AND 1918 MAGNETIC NORTH
DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET

Name: CLYDE
Date: 3/22/105
Scale: 1 inch equals 2000 feet

Location: 035030' 42,7" N 082057' 47.9" W
Caption: Junaluska School Streambank Stabilization

Copynght (e) 1997. Maptech. Inc,

Inlet Box Culvert

........

Legend
I ..I Relatively flat area
I / / I Steep Slope
f:-:~:-:~:-:~ Existing Stream bed
r... Proposed Stream bed

~'J---
I';. ~\..I J
I --".--" :-.
"l'p:~.' .
. .. ;.

Install Rock Cross-Vanes at the beginning of each curve. Form a
pool downstream of each stnlcture. Install a Rock Cross-Vane at
the inlet of the concrete box culvert to maintain sediment transport
through one barrel, allowing the other barrel to become a bankfull
bench.

-L \1
0,42J

JO.OO
I
J.~8
I

Rc60'

Type = l3,k
Wbkf= 30'
Abkf= 74.1-1
d=2.47'
D = J.SS'
W;D=I:!.15

Rc60'--

Transition Area
gradually change from
one cross-section
to the other.

Approximate Cross-Vane Locations

(,s.us

Use this Cross-Section from
end of transition area to en~f
project. ' ~~~~

~~~~ ~ ":::\~~"

~~~\l\~\l.
~~'f-' II:) ~\
y~\)~~ Bridge supports
~jt.\'" -

75

Fluud Pron,
Area Width = 75'
Bankfull Width = 26'
~l,,-,. Depth = 4.3'

j ~'J
4,.,

Use this Cross-Section from
beginning of project
to beginning of transition area.

lake Junaluska Elementary School
Haywood County, North Carolina
Stream Restoration Project
Plan View with Cross-Sections
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE
Date l1l,~

Designed RAM
0...., RAM

11/~
11/~

l.te

T",ced

Oa:
$heel No.
(

01 I

site.dwg

Scale 1" = 60'

Cnec~ed

--4-------------------

-------------------------- -------------------

River Name: Raccoon Creek
Reach Name: Junaluska Elem

----------------------------------------------------------------------

--Reference Reach--

silas Creek; Reach 1 ( B 4c)

--Boundary Conditions--

Drainage Area:
valley slope:
Bankfull Discharge:
Bankfull Cross Sectional Area:
Mean Depth calculation Tolerance:

--Sediment Data--

Riffle Bed Material ID:
Riffle Bed Material D84:
Riffle Bed Material D50:

8.74 sq mi
0.00198 ft/ft
317.98 cfs
74 . 27 s q ft
0.2 ft

.
.

100 Count
41. 58 mm
21. 28 mm

Bar sample ID:
Bar sample Dmax:
Bar sample D50:

--Entrainment Options--

shields Entrainment Function

---------------NCD Results---------------

--Alignment--

Meander wavelength:
Channel Length:
sinuosity:
Radius of Curvature:
Bankfull Slope:
Meander Belt Width:
Meander Width Ratio:
Deflection Angle:

--Riffle Cross Sectional properties--

width to Depth Ratio:
Entrenchment Ratio:
Floodprone Width:
Bankfull width:
Bankfull Mean Depth:
Bankfull velocity:
Bankfull Hydraulic Radius:
Bankfull shear Stress:
Required Roughness (n):
Entrainable particle size:

--Rosgen Stream classification--

Sub-Pavement
65 mm
6.17 mm

@~\\~~:~

~:& ~ 1\\\'~
~ '1 ,,\", ,t.
~~ "V-' ".J~c;
.,- O'-:,'~t>\
'i~\'-\~~~i~"'t.
'\J'I;..v.?-' ~\\) S\G
.~\'i)S
't.(C.

301. 79 ft
320.32 ft
1.06
33.47 ft
0.00187
52.29 ft
1. 75
.1 rad

12.02
1.42
42.43 ft
29.88 ft
2.49 ft
4. 32 ft/s
2.13 ft
0.249 lbs/sq ft
0.0248 ft^(1/6)
13.8 mm

f'.t:It:1 t:lll...t: Kt:dl...ll ;
pror,osed Reach :
~xisting Reach:

--sediment Transport Competency--

Ratio - Riffle slope / Bankfull slope:

Ratio - DSObed / D50bar:
Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress (1):
Required Mean Depth (1):
Ratio - Di bar / D50bed:
Critical Dimensionless Shear Stress (2):
Required Mean Depth (2):

Minimum Required Mean Depth:

B 4c
B 4c
E 4

2.68 ft

o
3.449
0.0283
5.33 ft
3.055
0.0143
2.68 ft

..
..

CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION

INSTREAlVI STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED OF ROCK

1) SCOPE

This specification covers the installation of Rock Vanes, J-Hooks, and Cross Vanes at locations
as shown on the construction plans and as directed by the engineer.

2) PURPOSE

· Redirect erosive velocities away from streambanks
· Provide aquatic habitat
· Cross Vanes may be used for grade control

..
..

3) DEFINITIONS

ROCK VANE - A deflective structure installed pointing upstream, beginning at bankfull sloping
down to the streambed. The angle at which the vane points upstream from the
bank shall be 20-30 degrees. The slope of the top surface of the vane will be 5-7
percent. The vane should extend from the bank to approximately Ih of channel
width. (See fig. 1)

J-HOOK -

A rock vane with a hooked portion on the streambed. The hook provides
additional habitat. (See fig. 2)

CROSS VANE - A rock vane from both sides of the stream with a connecting bar on the
streambed. If this structure is used for grade control, the existing streambed
elevation may be increased by no more than 10 percent of bankfull, unless a
greater increase is provided for in the approved design. (See fig. 3)

ENGINEER - The USDA-NRCS and/or SWCD person(s) who have appropriate construction
approval authority for Practice Standard 580, Streambank and Shoreline
Protection for the specific size and type of structure.

STREMffiANK - portions of intermittent or perennial streambanks which are eroding at an
accelerated rate due to the effects of stream flow near banks without adequate
vegetative cover and supporting riparian area.

BANKFULL - The stream flow level at which the stream channel is formed and maintained.
The term "bankfull" should not be confused with "the top of the bank". Persons
who have received training in Natural Stream Channel evaluation shall identify
the bankfull elevation.

THAL WEG - The deepest part of the channel where the highest channel velocities occur.

USDA-NRCS
North Carolina

page 1 of 1

Rock Structures
August 1999

4) PLA1'l'NING CONSIDERATIONS

This practice should be applied as a part of a total Natural Stream Channel Restoration design.
These structures are not intended to be a total solution to the streambank erosion problem in
themselves. They are to be used as a component of a total streambank management plan, which
may require a number of associated practices. In some cases modification of the stream
dimension, pattern and profile may be required before Structures are installed. The use of rock
structures without considering the stable dimension, pattern, and profile of the stream will most
likely result in failure.

5) PEAAllTTING

~
No work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed until the Army Corp of
Engineers has issued a Section 404 permit and the Division of Water Quality has issued a
Section 401 certification (if required). The final construction plans and specifications must be
prepared and approved prior to the beginning of construction.

6) EQUIPlVIENT

· A hydraulic excavator (trackhoe) with a hydraulic "thumb" shall be used to handle and install
the rocks
· All required safety equipment shall be available during construction. Safety equipment
includes but is not limited to hard hats, gloves, and eye and hearing protection.

7) SUPERVISION

The engineer must be on-site to supervise and inspect each operation as it is performed. No
work, which is covered by this specification, shall be performed in the absence of the engineer
except as approved by the engineer. The work shall be conducted as directed by the engineer.
The engineer shall be notified a minimum of 24 hours before installation is performed.

8) INSTALLATION

· The engineer shall place a marker at the point where the last rock of the structure will meet
the streambed. This marker shall be set at a point, which represents the planned angle from
bankfull and the planned slope of the structure. The engineer should check to see if this point
is approximately Ii) of the total channel width.
· Holes for footer rocks shall be excavated in the streambed at the location, elevation and
orientation as directed by the engineer.
· A footer rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineer shall be installed in the hole.
Multiple footer rocks may be required, at the discretion of the engineer or as provided for in
the approved plan.
· A structure rock of the size and shape as directed by the engineer shall be installed on top of
the footer rock.

USDA-NRCS
North Carolina

page 2 of2

Rock Structures
August 1999

· Streambed material will be removed as directed by the engineer if it is required to move the
thalweg of the stream to the point of the structure.
· Streambed material shall be placed on the upstream side of the structure near the bank.
· Equipment shall be operated from the streambank whenever possible.
· Equipment which appears to be leaking fluids shall be removed to a safe site away from the
stream corridor until it is repaired and confirmed that no leaks exist.

9) ASSOCIATED PRACTICES

· ROOT WADS and related instream structures planned as an integral component of the
natural stream channel restoration design.
· CRITICAL AREA SEEDING shall be applied on all disturbed areas. ..
..
· WOODY VEGETATION shall be established on the sloped bank above bankfull and on top
of the bank.
· RIPARIAN FOREST BUFFER should be considered.
· LNESTOCK EXCLUSION shall be installed if livestock are pastured in the area.

10) FIGURES

Figures attached to this specification illustrate the placement and orientation of the various
instream rock structures which may be included in the plan. Figures are as follows:

FigUre 1 - Rock Vane

Figure 2 - J Hook

Figure 3 - Cross Vane

11) ITEMS OF WORK

Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and the construction
details therefore are:

a. Construct stream stabilization measures at the Junaluska Elementary site on Raccoon Creek
in Haywood County at the locations as noted on the construction drawings and as directed by
the Engineer.

b. Ingress and egress of equipment and materials shall be only at locations and through routes
as approved by the Engineer.

c. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to install 9-10 Cross Vane(s) which
will require approximately 60 rocks each. Rocks size shall be a minimum of2'x 2' x 3'.

d. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to seed all disturbed areas, which
will be approximately .3 acres.

USDA-NRCS
North Carolina

page 3 of3

Rock Structures
August 1999

e. Provide all equipment, tools, materials and labor required to establish permanent woody
vegetation. The woody vegetation shall consist of approximately:

725 Silh Willow
Dumber specIes

725 Silky Dogwood
nwuDc.r SpcC1CS

100 Mix hardwoods (Black Walnut, Sycamore, etc.)
number SpcC1CS

f. Remove all construction debris associated with installation of these structures to an approved
location.

USDA-NRCS
North Carolina

~
~

Angle
(in degrees)

(

l

Slope
/<in ,,,,,nl)

~~
Rock Vane
Cross Section

~

Rock Vane
Plan View

Figure 1
(after Rosgen)

page 4 of 4

Rock Structures
August 1999

Angle
(in degrees)

J Hook
Plan View

Angle
(in degrees)

Cross Vane
Plan View

\
\"
~

USDA-NRCS
North Carolina

Slope
/(in percent)

~

J Hook
Cross Section

:

Figure 2
(after Rosgen)

Slope

~ml)

Cross Vane
Cross Section

Figure 3
(after Rosgen)

page 5 of 5

Rock Structures
August 1999

Seeding and Planting Guidelines

11/16/04

Riparian Seeding and Planting Guidelines

These guidelines will provide the methods to be used for reestablishing riparian vegetation.
They will include seedbed preparation, nutrient enhancement, temporary seeding, permanent
seeding, and erosion control. Methodology for planting sod mats, live stakes, and trees will also
be presented.

Herbaceous Vegetation
Sod mats
Prior to sloping stream banks within easement areas the sod on these banks will be removed.
Mats should be deep enough to contain a majority of the roots. These mats shoulfj be stockpiled
for later use. After banks are sloped the mats should be placed from the bankfull elevation down
to the normal water line or onto the interberm feature. Mats should be laid as close to one
another as possible and pushed into the under laying soil. Openings between mats should be
filled with soil and seeded with temporary seed mix. Mats should be fertilized at a rate of25 lbs.
per 1000 sq. ft. and watered using a pwnp or by dipping water out of the creek with a clean
track-hoe bucket

Seed
Seedbed Preparation: On sites where equipment can be operated safely the seedbed shall be
adequately loosened and smoothed. This may require disking and dragging. On sites where
equipment cannot operated safely, the seedbed shall be prepared by hand scarifying to provide
a roughened surface so that seed will stay in place. If seeding is done immediately following
construction, seedbed preparation may be required only on areas where heavy equipment has
caused compaction of the ground.

Fertilizing: Evenly distribute lime and fertilizer over the area to be seeded using a tractor
mounted fertilizer spreader or with a hand held fertilizer spreader. Uniformly mix lime and
fertilizer into the top 3 inches of the soil using a drag or hand rake. Where surface materials
are predominately gravel and/or cobble, no incorporation is required. Apply lime and fertilizer
according to soil test or at the following rates.

Per 1000 sq. ft. Per Acre
Lime 100 lbs. 2 ton
18-46-00 Fertilizer>lc 12 lbs. 5001bs.
* (half of fertilizer will be applied in fall at planting and other half in spring)
Seeding:
Temporary seeding - Use where needed for erosion control, when permanent vegetation
cannot be established due to planting season and where temporary ground cover is needed to
allow native or woody vegetation to become established. Apply the following vegetation at the
listed rates.

1

Seeding and Planting Guidelines

11/16/04

Fall, Winter, and Spring Seeding

Japanese Millet
Winter Wheat

Per 1000 sq. ft.
~ lb.
I lbs.

Per Acre
20 lbs.
40 lbs.

Summer Seeding

Sudangrass
Browntop Millet

Per 1000 sq. ft.
lIb.
I lb.

Per Acre
40 lbs.
40 lbs.

Permanent Seeding - Use in combination with woody plantings on the up-slope side of
the riparian area and down to the bankfull elevation. This mL'Xture can be planted at any time but
will do best in spring or late fall. Spring planted seed should be treated with a cold wet chill
process to ma'Ximize germination. Fall plantings should be planted with a lightly sown cool
season annual to hold soil and does not need to be chilled. Seeding should be done evenly over
the area using a mechanical or hand seeder. A drag should be used to cover the seed with no
more than 'l2 inch of soil. Where a drag can not safely be utilized the seed should be covered by
hand raking.

All seasons: WNC Riparian Diversity Mix (as described on the attached sheet)
~ lb. per 1000 sq. ft. and 10 lbs. per Acre

Erosion Control: All seeded areas, areas disturbed by heavy equipment, or other areas disturbed
by mitigation activities should be protected from erosion by installation of erosion control
blankets or matting.

Woodv VCl?:ctation
Live stakes (unrooted material)
Live stake material should be dormant and gathered locally or purchased from a reputable
commercial supplier. Stakes should be 'l2 to 3 inches in diameter and living based on the
presence of young buds and green bark. Stakes should be kept cool and moist to improve
survival and to maintain dormancy. Stakes should be driven into the ground using a rubber
hanuner or by creating a hole and slipping the stake into it. The ground around the stake should
be firmed against the stake after planting. Stakes should be placed so that 75% of the stake is
below the ground and 2 or 3 buds are above ground. Stakes should be planted on a 2 _ 3 foot
spacing and at a density of 160 - 360 stakes per 1000 sq. ft.

Bare rooted or potted stock
Care and handling: Desirable trees and shrubs on the construction site should be dug and stored.
These plants should be stored in a cool moist environment or heeled in. Roots of bare root
stock should be kept moist during planting o'perations. Bareroot material should only be
planted during Winter and early Spring. Container or potted stock shall be kept moist at all
times. Do not let roots freeze or dry out prior to planting.

2

Seeding and Planting Guidelines

11/16/04

Site Preparation: The soil in the area of tree planting should be loosened to a depth of at least 1
foot. This is only necessary on hard compacted soil.

Planting:
On site material - Transplants should be replanted to the same depth they were originally
groWIng.
Potted stock - Planting should be done mechanically or by hand using a shovel. The planting
trench or hole must be deep enough and wide enough to permit roots to spread out and down
without J-rooting. Potted stock should be planted in a hole 2-3 times the diameter of the root
ball and at the same depth as the root ball. When setting plants, be certain to plant them high.
Locate the root ball on solid soil and not loose backfill. Wire baskets do not need to be
completely removed from large field grown trees. Be sure to remove plastic lin~rs or synthetic
burlap materials. Construct an earthen dam 4-6 inches high around the drip zone area of the
plant after planting. This will allow for self watering and runoff will be minimized.
Bare rooted stock - Bare rooted material can be planted using a hoedad or a dibble bar (see
diagram below). Planting slits for bare rooted material should be 6-8 inches in diameter and
should be at least 8-12 inches deep.' Damaged roots should be trimmed. Plants should be
placed with the root collar slightly below the soil surface. Holes and slits should be closed
completely, including and especially at the bottom of the hole.

Spacing of rooted Woody V e~etation - the follown:g guidelin~s should be ~ed for spacing

Gui~,ellnes for PI<lntfng BiJro-Root Pla~

....\t'Je ~ Par-"s, Xeep:he lCCts ttlmp ard cut.ct
1m ~.,G.1rnJui,y ~<.:!a lha p;;nts <Jl'ld. it~'
Dt.na up to cne-lt:ro of :he rco1 sy"'....an To trd<a en <lOr
~e hde i:r ~ 1..Ce.1 ~tn;J CttJa b<r IX ~

1 Cig a rea ~ Er.<:lJgh ~ tile room ll3'T'Q1 S1r~ .
<.nj ::aca:: cu. :t ~Ie. p:a::a ttl'iX:a' n 1h3 hc:.e.

,2 S3t 1h3 ~ in !he /"de. .', '.

. 3. O::i::.a 1"dEl m tcttcm <rd lcP wittl
c.tt.:a air CI ::tcva in Crt 2.l:o,.a
rtXll c:c.tlr.

4 Make SLre tro trui< is s:r.:iglt
ard bnc tho soil to -::llrnirotg
~ ,^';;a!taol.g1.y.

rooted woody vegetation.

Tvoe
Shrubs, less than 10ft. in height
Shrubs and Trees, 10 -25 ft. in height
Trees greater than 25 ft. in height
Plant List
Herbaceous, permanent seed mixture labeled "WNC Riparian Diversity Mix"

spacmg
3 - 6 ft.
6 - 8 ft.
g - 15 ft.

# per 1000 sq. ft.
27 - 111
15 - 27
4-15

...
.J

Seeding and Planting Guidelines 11/16/04
Botanical Name Common Name % of Mix Lbs.
Acer rubrum Red Maple 2.5 0.25
Acer saccharium Silver Maple 2.5 0.25
Alisma subcordatum Water Plantain 2.5 0.25
Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry 2.5 0.25
Asclepias incamata Swamp Milkweed 2.5 0.25
Carex lupilina Hop Sedge 5 0.5
Cephalanthus occidental is Button Bush 7.5 0.75
Comus amomum Silky Dogwood 5 0.5
Elymus virginicus Va. Wild Rye 10 1
Eupatoriumfistulosa Joe Pye Weed 2.5 0.25
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash 2.5 0.25 ..
Ilex verticillata Winterberry 2.5 0.25 ..
Juncus effusus Soft Rush 2.5 0.25
Leersia oryzoides Rice Cut Grass 10 1
Lindera benzoin Spicebush 2.5 0.25
Nyssa sylvatica Black Gum 2.5 0.25
Onoclea sensibillis Sensitive Fern 5 0.5
Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed 2.5 0.25
Sagittaria latifolia Arrowhead 2.5 0.25
Sambucus canadensis Elderberry 5 0.5
Scirpus americanus 3 Square Bulrush 2.5 0.25
Scirpus atrovirens Green Bulrush 5 0.5
Scirpus cypemus Woolgrass 10 1
Scirpus valid us Softstem Bulrush 2.5 0.25
Mix Seeding Rate (lbsJac.) 10

This mixture was taken from the list of plants that begins on the following page. It was created
from a database compiled by TV A and distributed on CD format as a product called "Banks &
Buffers" (Tennessee Valley Authority. 1996. Banks & Buffers, A guide to selecting native
plants for streambanks and shorelines; Riparian Plant Selector, Version 1.0; Environmental
Research Center and Clean Water Initiative, Muscle Shoals, AL.). As more information
becomes available we will add to this list in an effort to encompass as many riparian species
native to Western North Carolina as possible.

Shrub and tree species listed on the following pages will be planted at mitigation sites as either
live stakes, potted stock, balled stock or bare root stock. These plantings will take place in the
winter or. early spring. Spacing suggestions should be used as guidelines, but can be varied
depending on species requirements and landscape objectives. For example species that are
commonly found growing in clwnped distributions should be planted that way. It is desirable for
the final distribution of trees and shrubs to have a more natural, random appearance. In order to
accomplish this exact spacing should be avoided and mixing of various species should be done.

4

Seeding and Planting Guidelines 11/16/04
Plants native to the riparian and wetland areas of Western North Carolina
Type Common Name Scientific Name Flooding Light Wetland pH wildlife region
val.
1 American Pillwort Pilularia americana Reg sun obli 0-7 birds all
1 Cinnamon Fern Osmunda cinnamomea Irreg to reg Part to shade Fac.wet 0-7 birds all
1 Netted Chain Fern Woodwardia areolata seas to reg all obli less birds all
1 Royal Fern Osmunda regalis seas to reg Part to shade obli 0-7 birds, sm all
1 Sensitive Fern Onoc1ea sensibilis Irreg to reg all facu 0-7 birds all
2 American Lotus Nelumbo lutea reg to perm sun oblig 0-7 birds,SM all
2 American Pondweed Potamogeton nodosus perm sun oblig 7 birds,SM all
2 Arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia seas-perm sun to shade oblig all B,Sm all
2 Broad-leaf Cattail Typha latifolia seas-perm sun oblig .. all B,Sm all
..
2 Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis lITeg-seas sun fac.wet 0-7 B,Sm all
2 Hollow Joe-pye-wced Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus irreg-seas sun facu 0-7 birds all
2 Narrow-leaf Cattail Typha angustifolia seas-perm sun oblig all B,Sm all
2 Pickerelweed. Pontederia cordata seas-perm sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B,Sm all
2 Spotted Touch-me-not Impatiens capensis irreg-seas part.sh fac.wet 0-7 B,Sm all
2 Swamp Milkweed Asclepias incamata irreg-reg sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B,Sm all
2 Swamp Rose Mallow Hibiscus moscheutos seas-reg sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B,Sm all
2 Virginia Blueflag Iris virginica seas-perm sun oblig 0-7 birds all
2 Water Plantain Alisma subcordatum seas-perm sun oblig 0-7 B,Sm all
2 Waterwillow Justicia americana reg-perm sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B,Sm all
2 White Waterlily Nymphaea odorata reg-perm sun-part.sh oblig 0-7 B,Sm all
2 Yellow Cowlily Nuphar luteurn reg-perm sun-partsh oblig 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Creeping Spikerush Eleocharis palustris seas-penn sun-part. oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Green Bulrush Scirpus atrovi seas-reg sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Hop Sedge Carex lupulina seas-reg sun-part. oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Rice Cutgrass Leersia oryzoides reg-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 River Cane Arundinaria gigantea irreg-seas sun-part. fac. wet 0-7 B,Sm all
3 River Oats Chasmanthiurn latifolium irreg-seas part.-shade facu 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Slender Spikerush Eleocharis acicularis seas-penn sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Soft Rush Juncus effusus seas-perm sun-part. fae. wet 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Softstem Bulrush Scirpus validus seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Square-stem Spikerush Eleocharis quadrangulata seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Three-square Bulrush Scirpus americanus seas-perm sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
3 Virginia Wildrye Elymus virginicus irreg-seas part.-shade facu 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
3 Woolgrass Scirpus eyperinus seas-reg sun oblig. 0-7 B,Sm all
Bluet Houstonia serpyllifolia
4 Bushy St. Johnswort Hypericum densiflorum irreg-seas sun-part fae. wet 0-7 birds all
4 Buttonbush Cephalanthus oceidentalis seas-perm sun-part oblig all B,Sm,Lm all
4 Wild Hydrangea Hydrangea arborcscens lITeg part.-shade fac.upl 0-7 B,Sm all
4 Yellowroot Xanthorhiza simplieissima irreg-seas part.-shade fae.wet 0-7 birds all
5 American Witch-hazel Hamamelis virginiana lITeg part fae upl 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5 Brookside Alder Alnus serrulata lITeg-reg sun fae wet 0-7 birds all
5 Carolina Buckthorn Rhamnus caroliniana lITeg part fac upl all B,Sm all
5 Carolina Willow Salix caroliniana seas-reg sun-part. oblig 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5 Common Pawpaw Asiminia triloba irreg-seas part.-shade faeu 0-7 Sm all
5 Elderberry Sambucus canadensis irreg-seas sun-part. fae wet 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5 Red Chokeberry Aronia arbutifolia irreg-seas sun-part. fae wet 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5 Silky Dogwood Comus amomuin irreg-seas sun-part. fac wet all B,Sm all
5 Silky Willow Salix sericea irreg-reg sun-part. oblig 0-7 B,Sm,Lm all
5

Seeding and Planting Guidelines

5 Spicebush
5 Winterberry
5 Sweet Azalea
5 Rhododendron

6 American Hornbeam
6 Eastern Hornbeam

7 Baldcypress
7 Black Walnut
7 Black Willow
7 Blackgurn
7 Boxelder
7 Eastern Cottonwood
7 Green Ash
7 Honeylocust
7 Persimmon
7 Red Maple
7 Red Mulberry
7 River Birch
7 Silver Maple
7 Sweetgum
7 Sycamore
7 American Basswood
7 Eastern Hemlock

Plant Type
Fern or fern allies 1
Em, float, or wet! herb 2
Grass, sedge, or rush 3
Small Shrub 4
Large Shrub 5
Small Tree 6
Large Tree 7

Lindera benzoin
Ilex vertic illata
Rhododendron arborescens
Rhododendron catawbiense

Carpinus caroliniana
Ostrya virginiana

Taxodium distichum
Juglans nigra
Salix nigra
Nyssa sylvatica
Acer negundo
Populus deltoides
Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Gleditsia triacanthos
Diospyros virginiana
Acer rubrum
Moms rubra
Betula nigra
Acer saccharinum
Liquidambar styraciflua
Platanus occidentalis
Tilia americana i
Tsuga canadensis'

6

irreg-seas
irreg-reg
irreg

irreg-seas
irreg

all
irreg
seas perm
irreg-reg
irreg
irreg-seas
irreg-reg
irreg-seas
rrreg-seas
irreg-reg
irreg-seas
irreg - seas
irreg
irreg - reg.
irreg - seas
irreg

part.-shade
part.-shade
part

all
part.-shade

sun - part
sun - part
sun
all
all
sun
all
sun
sun - part
all
part - shade
sun
all
sun
sun - part
all

fac wet
fac wet
fac wet

facu
fac. Upl

oblig
fac upl
oblig
oblig-fac
fac wet
facu
fac wet
facu
facu
obli-fac
facu
fac wet
fac wet
facu
fac wet
fac upl

11/16/04

0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7
: 0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7
0-7

0-7 birds
0-7 B,Sm
acid B,Lm

acid B,Sm
0-7 B,Sm

birds
Sm
B,Sm,Lm
B,Sm,Lm
birds
birds
B,Sm
B,Sm,Lm
B,Sm,Lm
B,Sm,Lm
B,Sm
birds
birds
B,Sm,
B,Sm
B,Sm

all
all
F,H,Lt

all
all

all
all
all
all
all
all
all
all
all
all
all
all
all
all
all
Ho,F,Lt

Streamside Herbaceous Vegetation Specifications

The work shall consist of preparing the area, furnishing and placing seed, sprigs, sod mats, mulch,
fertilizer, inoculate, soil amendments and anchoring mulch in the designated areas as specified;
streambanks, access areas and other areas disturbed by construction activities.

Seedbed Preparation
On sites where equipment can be operated safely the seedbed shall be adequately loosened and smoothed.
Disking or cultipacking or both may be necessary. On sites where equipment cannot operate safely, the
seedbed shall be prepared by hand scarifying to provide a roughened surface so that seed will stay in place.
If seeding is done immediately following construction, seedbed preparation may not be required except on
compacted, polished or freshly cut areas.

Fertilizin!!
Evenly distribute lime and fertilizer over the area to be seeded. Unifonnly mix lime and fertilizer into the
top 3 inches of the soil. Where surface materials are predominately gravel and/or cobble, no incorporation
is required. Apply lime and fertilizer according to soil test results or at the following rates.

Lime
10-1 0-10 Fertilizer

Per 1000 SQ. ft..
50-1001bs.
9-12 Ibs.

Per Acre
1-2 tons
4-500 Ibs.

Sod Mats
Strip and stockpile mats of existing desirable herbaceous vegetation. Insure that several inches of sod
remains attached to the vegetation. The root systems must remain moist while the vegetation is stockpiled.
Place the mats on the lower bank slopes and anchor in place.

Seedinl!
Temporarv Seeding - Use where needed for erosion and pollution control, when permanent
vegetation cannot be established due to planting season and where temporary ground cover is needed to
allow native or woody vegetation to become established.

Fall. Winter. Spring Seeding
Oats
Wheat

Per 1000 SQ. ft.
21bs.
21bs.

Per Acre
3 bu.
3 bu.

Summer Seeding
Sudangrass
Browntop Millet

lib.
lib.

35-45 lbs. '
30-40 lbs.

Permanent Seeding - Use in combination with woody plantings on the upslope side of the riparian
planting. Spring planting time is ideal for native perennial warm season grasses. These grasses should be
used when enhancing wildlife habitat is a goal of the riparian planting. Spring planted seed should be
treated with a cold wet chill process to maximize germination. Fall plantings should be planted with a
lightly sowed cool season annual to hold the soil and do not need the wet chill process. To improve wildlife
habitat existing stands offescue can be killed using an appropriate herbicide and warm season grasses can
be no-till planted into the sod. Omit fertilizer when establishing native grasses, fertilizer can be applied the
second year to improve the stand.

Fall. Spring Seedin~
Tall Fescue
-Native warm season grasses-
Big, Little or Broomsedge Bluestem
Eastern Gamma Grass or Switchgrass

Per 1000 sq. ft.
1 lb.

Per Acre
501bs.

0.2 lbs. PLS (pure live seed)
0.5 lb. PLS

5 Ibs. PLS
10 lbs. PLS

Mulchinl!
Mulching should be performed within 48 hours of seeding. Grain straw mulch should be applied on seeded
areas at a rate of 3 bales per 1000 square feet or 1.5 tons per acre. Apply mulch uniformly. Anchor mulch
with a mulch crimper, asphalt tackifier or appropriate mulch netting.

Streamside Woody Vegetation Establishment

This work consist of securing and planting permanent woody vegetation using rooted stock, unrooted stock and
on site transplants.

Care and Handlin!!
Planting stock should be stored in a cool moist environment or heeled in. Roots of bare root stock shall be kept
moist during planting operations. Container or potted stock shall be kept moist at all times. The root balls of
transplanted stock must be kept moist.

Site Preparation
Desirable trees and shrubs on the construction site should be dug and stored. On recently graded sites use
temporary seedings, anchored mulch or erosion control fabrics to provide surface protection~ until woody
vegetation becomes established. Sod may be killed by non-selective herbicides the year previous to planting
stock (follow all federal, state and local regulations in the use of herbicides). When hand planting; scalp an
area at least 3 feet in diameter and 2-4 inches deep. Place plant in the center of the scalped area. On sites
where equipment cannot be operated safely and there are concerns about potential erosion use a non-selective
herbicide to kill vegetation in a 36 inch wide circle or 36 inch wide strip and plant in the center of the killed
vegetation. If the site is a row crop site, reasonably free of weeds, plant stock in the stubble without prior
preparation. Sites with undesirable brush will need initial treatments to facilitate planting and follow-up
treatments to prevent reencroachment.

Planting
Transplants should be replanted to the same depth they were originally growing. Plant rooted stock in a vertical
position with the root collar approximately 'l2 inch below the soil surface. The planting trench or hole must be
deep enough and wide enough to permit roots to spread out and down without I-rooting. Insert dormant
cuttings to the depth required to reach adequate soil moisture, leaving 2 to 3 buds above ground. After planting
pack soil around each plant fIrmly to remove air pockets.

Plant List

Plant Tvpes/
Mature Height

Plant to Plant Spacing
# Per Acre
#Per 1000 Sq. Ft.

Plant List

Shrubs, less than 10
Feet in height

3 to 6 feet
1210-4840
28-110

.Buttonbush, *#'Bankers' Dwarf Willow
.Elderberry, Highbush Blueberry,
Hazelnut

.shrubs and trees from
10 to 25 feet in height

6 to 8 feet
680-1742
15-28

Alder, Deciduous Holly, Crabapple,
Red Chokeberry, *Silky Dogwood,
.Silky Willow, Spicebush,
*#'Streamco' Willow, Serviceberry,
Washington Hawthorne, Witch Hazel

Trees greater than 25
Feet in height

8 to 12 feet
302-680
7-15

B1acl{ Cherry, *Black Willow,
Green Ash, Red Maple, River Birch
Sycamore, Yellow Poplar, B1acI{ Walnut
Persimmon

NOTES: .. = Plants suitable for use as dormant cuttings, space cuttings 1.5-2.5 feet apart, 160-
445 cuttings per 1000 sq. ft. or 6970-19360 cuttings per acre;
# = Non-native plants; Plants listed in bold have wildlife value