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Home My WebLink About20190529 Ver 1_East Vineyard - Clay County - Archaeological Screening_20190425Project Tracking No. 17-07-0019 REVISED NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES �p�`�y� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES y�s �C�i'�. � �� 4 ' '� r ��I � �� t PRESENT FORM �, ` a��`�,� � This form onl ertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this �� `�� b' :.,, �,� Y p � ��; �y' -�� project. It is not valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must �`�� d'` consult separately with the Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group. PROJECT INFORMATION Project No: WBS No: 14.202211 F.A. No: Federal Permit Required? County: Document Funding: � Yes ❑ No Clay STATE MINIMUM CRITERIA CHECKLIST � State ❑ Federal Permit Type: USACE Project Description: Improve SR 1353 (East Vineyard Rd./ Old US 64) from US 64 to SR 1169 (Eagle Fork Rd.) in Clay County. Proposed improvements include grading and paving, and installation of a Gabion basket wall and guardrails. Area of Potential Effects (A.P.E.) is approximately 1,026 meters (3,368 ft.) long and 15 meters (50 ft.) wide. The project is State- funded, will require Federal permits, and will not require easements. Design plans have been provided. NOTE: A smaller version of this project has already been reviewed for archaeology. That project was to eXtend a pipe carrying Vineyard Creek under SR 1353 (East Vineyard Rd.) at the east end of the current project limits. An Archaeological Survey Required form was submitted on 8/25/2017. The archaeological survey was conducted on 8/29/2018, and a No National Register of Historic Places-Eligible or -Listed Archaeological Sites Present form was submitted on 9/15/2017. SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject project and determined.• � There are no National Register listed ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES within the project's area of potential effects. (Attach any notes or documents as needed.) ❑ No subsurface archaeological investigations were required for this project. ❑ Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources. � Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources considered eligible for the National Register. � All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 1 of 23 Project Tracking No. 17-07-0019 REVISED Brief description of review activities, results of r�eview, and conclusions: See attached report SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION See attached: � Map(s) Other: � Previous Survey Info � Photos ❑Correspondence 3/17/2019 Date Signed: CALEB SMITH NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 2 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey Archaeological Survey for the Improvements to SR 1353 (East Vineyard Rd./ Old US 64) from US 64 to SR 1169 (Eagle Fork Rd.), Clay County, North Carolina (Programmatic Agreement # 17-07-0019) Caleb Smith (3/17/2019) Introduction The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to improve SR 1353 (East Vineyard Rd./ Old US 64) from US 64 to SR 1169 (Eagle fork Rd.) in Clay County (Figures 1-2). The improvements will include grading and paving, and the installation of a"Gabion basket" wall and guardrails. The Area of Potential Effects (A.P.E.) is approximately 1,026 meters (3,368 ft.) long and 15 meters (50 ft.) wide. The design plans are illustrated in Figures 3-8. The road is oriented northeast-southwest but is considered east-west for this review. US 64 is located at the east end and SR 1169 is at the west end. The east end of this project has already been reviewed for archaeology, and an archaeological survey has already been conducted for that portion of the road. That purpose of that project was to eXtend a pipe carrying Vineyard Creek under SR 1353 (at the east end of the current project limits). The A.P.E. included land along each side of Vineyard Creek and each side of SR 1353 a short distance south of the intersection with US 64. An archaeological survey was conducted on 8/29/2017 and identified no archaeological sites. A No National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)-Eligible Sites Present form was submitted on 9/15/2017 (Smith 2017). The current project was submitted for cultural resources review in May 2018. The A.P.E. includes the A.P.E. of the 2017 pipe replacement project in addition to a long stretch of SR 1353 to the west of that project. The cultural resources review included an examination of a topographic map (Figure 9), the Clay County soil survey, an aerial photograph, and listings of previously recorded sites, previous archaeological surveys, and previous environmental reviews at the Office of State Archaeology (O.S.A.). Also, a reconnaissance of the project area was conducted on 5/15/2018. The result of the review was to recommend an archaeological survey of the level, well-drained landforms in the A.P.E. An Archaeological Survey Required form was submitted on 7/10/2018. Archaeological Field Survey The archaeological survey was conducted by NCDOT archaeologists Damon Jones and Caleb Smith on October 23-24, 2018. The A.P.E. includes a narrow strip of land on each side SR 1353 from US 64 at the east end to SR 1169 at the west end. Shovel tests were excavated on the north and south sides of the road in areas with potential for archaeological sites. The A.P.E. along SR 1353 from Eagle Fork Creek east for approximately 227 meters (745 ft.) is a level, well-drained floodplain that has a moderate to high potential for archaeological sites. The middle section of the A.P.E. consists of a steep ridge on the south side of the road, and a narrow strip of land between the road and Vineyard Creek on the north side of the road. This section has a low potential for archaeological sites. The east end of the A.P.E. includes a level terrace/ridge toe along the south side of SR 1353, and a narrow floodplain on the north side of SR 1353. 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"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED Jorm for Minor Transportation Pr-ojects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 5 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey Eagle Fork Creek PI Sta l2f67.46 �= i OCY 08.8' fLTI D = 3' 36' 3I.0" L = l94A5' T � 97J4' R — 1,587.75' CLEAR AN� GRUB AREA PRIOR TO CONSTRLICTION \ STA. 11+62.20 RT -YI- TO STA.14�70.00 RT -L sTa zoo.oz 0 TIE IN PROP. ASPHALT PAVEMENT AT STA.— 11+94.62 -L- / . LACE IITONS CLA55 B �RIP RAP� ANp fi4 SF � FlLTER FABRIC SCOl1R � PROTECTION IN �F�81N�GE AREA BEGIN PROJECT —L— POT STA IOtpQ,(�? � o- 1 � � / o� ' ` . � ��' t4jki i i '� // 9 � � �. � � ��a ,�il. � .� . %� . � �� / �s�� i " / i i � � R/ I� / S�a. i].n,12 _L £Pio � � �� 1 �@�, \��,��F TIE IN PRpP ASPWdLT �� PAVEMENT dT STA. `�A� � 11+62.20 -YI- 5+34. � � LI� �,� � � � \. �.� , � � SR 1169 (Eagle Fork Rd.) Figure 3: Design plans of the west end of the SR 1353 improvement project (map 1 of 6 from west to east). � � � i _ . �. r, \� "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED Jorm for Minor Transportation Pr-ojects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 6 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey 00 Figure 4: Design plans of the SR 1353 improvement project (2 of 6 from west to east). "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED Jorm for Minor Transportation Pr-ojects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 7 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey Figure 5: Design plans of the SR 1353 improvement project (3 of 6 from west to east). "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED Jorm for Minor Transportation Pr-ojects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 8 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey Figure 6: Design plans of the SR 1353 improvement project (4 of 6 from west to east). "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED Jorm for Minor Transportation Pr-ojects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 9 of 23 Vineyard �'_. � Creek . -�'� � � � SR 1353 (Clay) survey "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED Jorm for Minor Transportation Pr-ojects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 10 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey � a END PROJECT -rs- Par sr,a rrf�z4s '� "�� °�,� �� ,. .,, ;\ a, �; �� ,� �� if � � I � —� I� �0�54� �~ ~`` �� \� m � US 64 � � i —�.� �IE f0 EVS1.f�P0�.�M i-P Sla I��`AAQ 59.Bp Fl lIlp.Mip+.EP IiI STA. ` �5•QOA3 �� f0 S�A. i�•�6.0! � x� � lY � CLEAR AN� GRI1B dREA �EXfEND f2' CSP 4� PRIOR TO CONSTRLICTION � �srn.ai+oa.ao RT -� � TO STA.43+fi0.D6 RT -L- ��y,� �ST�.200.02 \ �(�� ` !' ` � ` .� � � ` ., F� � \ \ S � ` RE�sovE atio RESE1 ExisT. 2017 SUPVe 1Te1 � CIIARpRAiL RT STA. �0+80. i5 TO Y % � STA. R+3238 -Y2- � `�� • �REMOYE`D� fX15T. ASPHALT � PA4EIAENT LT � STA.41+18 TO STA.4i�60 -t- 0' ♦ �� O I50.00 FT 11AO.PROP.fP LI � ` � Q sr�.+3�se.oe -�- ra srti � . IP�TI.pp -YY- RT � � Figure 8: Design plans of the east end of the SR 1353 improvement project (6 of 6 from west to east). � � � "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED Jorm for Minor Transportation Pr-ojects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 11 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey � � - T - - � � h�� -;r J � !. - �� r � + �' � Y ' �{ �' � } i � t . , �� I 5 � . I • ` � � � ^.. � � , � � • '� �, r�__�'.._ � US 64 k 1 � _ ��! � � ` '+�. � � + r �/ � � � �. ti � � • r SR 1168 ' �. ` � �' . , � r r ,�+ � �• Smith (2017) � + �� '� �$� ,�,��3 ',,;' survey . � ` � � '�-��_ . { � �' .t ,' � i y�� . ,��'�, * , � � �+ , � f .�, �f 3 f �. �- � , � � -� � � , � _ � , f �t— �; • � +�� ,''� 31CY92 ,, �F ��,�� -� .�' � _ __ i� � ��: I ! � ��(( f� , • y - ~n�4�� r '� a I f' �� `' � � � 7 . � _ �,� I f � � �� f y� "--y r � '� �` • r + � F1 . � „ns �+cec t ! \�• • _ _� , � _ _ f �i . . � � • � , - • ' ��`' i � �� -� O. � SR 119c� ' � 4_ . ' 31 CY452 — - , , � � jjj I i f 4 � ' �r �1 4 � I 1 ��+ ��r_ �"'�� ni�� • : - 31CY91 �a i _�,�� - �,'�h t�; �,#1 .� * � �,� �etx � � �--� � •7 _� �� . , r-� � � �� d '� � + �, 1�� I • # = �, 1 1 • � ' ' �1� � � � � � � `�y r'_� _ r ~y. �`�a�� 2�1g � � •�� • �'] SR 1 169 �r{ f�.P.E. r � � �C � �++ ��Qitl1 � ` ` _ '� ��'t.-._y � � � ��C __ �_� _ _ _ � �_ - �� -. 29U 1�15 4 290 Meters 1:OOQ 500 0' . 1,OQ0 Feef , Figure 9: Topographic map showing the A.P.E., previously recorded sites, previous survey area, and roads in the vicinity. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED Jorm for Minor Transportation Pr-ojects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 12 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey Near the east end of the A.P.E., SR 1353 turns to the north to cross Vineyard Creek and intersect with US 64. The 2017 survey included a part of the north side of SR 1353 in this section, as well as the east and west sides of SR 1353 where it turns northwest to cross Vineyard Creek. The survey began on the south side of SR 1353 on the east bank of Eagle Fork Creek near the west end of the A.P.E. No shovel tests (STs) were excavated on the west side of Eagle Fork Creek. The A.P.E. is occupied by residential yards on both sides of the road at that end (Figure 10). A total of 28 STs were eXcavated at a 15- and 30-meter (50- and 100-ft.) interval on both sides of the road. A table describing each ST is included in Appendix A. , � `'� I V,'�� r: � -. Eagle Fork Creek .�. , � :r: � :. : .. - _ = f ,; _�� - - . . :�:�:w �� g,�:;;� � . _ _: . � -•� �.p�•.�� ,�' :' �'�'q4�'e'•� � : s : s;t _ w':yr!� .tp .. : , r:�.•:y � ':::t �: -` =.�` � n„ - � � _�. � r��._'�ar�:'y...y�'. �- wr-, :t �-_ .t`��r.,.`�'. -�'r`.�e�-r�'�:� • � ..�T�=,.�Y:.1.., �.,. � . b '. ._ •..'� �'�J.� : .i•� :. � �•:'b._Mk . .. . ' ��.�"5•.+� '. . . . ':�:.. ,�'F��,'sF'.�:' �;4 :K�''-Y•'� 'iY y . . 4.�•.i�r•�•�}^..'t�.c'.. . •n � : �. ��' c-t, . � i�� -ri: �:" - . • . - -�d: � !'t ; ��f,'a � . : r:. ;,.�• . . . - �. ��;.r' . ! ^.: �_ �• �::, :, : wj: ��'t'n �aF,��:��, . .. _ -".:L:ii+i.�.= - . :-++7 � :,1: ' _=:. ^2:�' `..-' �; . ... � :-, :4 ._.;;"r,+., .• ��q•,�;..,. {�, •wi ...-}� ,...,�` - _ ... . . - � i _h`.k%�r�`��.N •38 F:��. � . �,�.,: ��3N1: . . . . • • .; �" _ .. y . :.tir...,•.��_�. -;':.''.. ` ;' .— •ti.� -�•�.,r �.,�-vt-.;�. : ' ;k. ;i, ,� ��:::,.:-_,"`�,,,ti..�,��.•�a�,_, e'° .-' «' ��' ..� ��a' �1.r•. ';=.y. fi. •r "� a� � ��y"�'y:. ' _ '.G�.'y�r�i.�Yj'•[:'_.�J��„��i',�.��, � � wlhFSf•..".. i .,...� .. . ..- � . L' ��''. �Y' _�]�L�lf.�ir__��T�•. s�..l��.� t..:d Figure 10: West view of the west end of the A.P.E. Figure 11 shows the locations of the shovel tests excavated during the survey. Beginning at the creek, 11 STs (1-11) were eXcavated along the south side of SR 1353 from the creek east to a steep ridge. Seven STs (12-18) were excavated on the south side of SR 1353 from the east side of the ridge east to a driveway where the road turns north to cross the tributary stream. No STs were excavated on the north side of the road at this location because it was included in the 2017 survey. The tributary stream runs along the north side of the road, and there is no room for any shovel tests across from the ridge toe. The stream moves away from the road at the west end, and 10 STs (19- 28) were excavated along the north side of the road in that section. ST 1 was placed approximately 15 meters (50 ft.) east of the creek and 15 meters (50 ft.) south of the road. This area is currently used as a hay field or pasture (Figure 12). A shallow drainage ditch and a power line run along the south side of the road, and STs were placed far enough from the road to be out of any visibly disturbed roadside. � "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 13 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey pr .} v�� r - :g . �nr � m �r '�r'�. �'':1' �`� i�� .� Y J .��f'LS � � � 4'.� li � J,1i • ��'.,'� � �.y. i � � • - . `F'��4► ? �e'�t . ""�t;�� ; +�' y�T i' �;r �I �'� Y �i�' ' ��' � � . . f. . " _ _ � �� rt �� "'�` {. �Y.�'= : US 64 �`}'a,� _- . `��1� ��¢ �' Y 1�•;� } N,,, _ - - _ - „ � 1. �; k: N .ti.� aa�� - . *�1��,.i�...f , - �. ♦ � � �#yi.r? ?�. �.iL°^ '�C�� .. :3{�,' •��:, � ., Smith ` ``�1�� `, ♦ �� i•. ,1., �., - ,.�..� = i q _ �' . �F- � � �7 ' y� t lI r �J►"� _. � ". ''.� •y ' � 'S - (�O � / ) �'� �� , f . - �:' - �� ; r-. - ' � � , � - � ,'1R. . 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"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED Jorm for Minor Transportation Pr-ojects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 14 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey - �. ��-� � h:: �� - � �.�:1°�: � ��,�--t•_{ • �;�•' �`..=:=u'!.� �� i, 1, M1�,;. , t�: �. � .•� ,� � �- . �$. � t+'• � .I�^ .1�� F• i '��., �- z,, � -.� � �?� _ ..:�.:: � .,,� � '� �,.r �� _Q.o � . � r ��,,. - ,. v,��:= ' - � . �� ♦` Ridge ` �i:;,i� � � � � � 1 31CY452 . �ti;. "..} Y.�,,. . , : � ,:,:�;Y ti ; •.;a;;� - . �::��:,-.::, �.�,r �,.., - ,: �:��w';;; ;; ;,..� ' . 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'•f.� 'i 1 -��'�'F-� � -•..- r'�2,',�:.._'.` i ��; H � �+�_� :k . ,3, "�.�t '.,�i�'4" ..;4 :�1+'-�' �. .. •"r:��•� "�R . t'� r, ; ��,; � .. ' ' �... � ... r,a�..�''.;, " . " - n: ;:i.� -�:•. �� ,i�- ,�� i:.�;; ;;.;, ^.. . - ;�.� . _ ..;��:- �,: 5j %�. ,:;�A s� ,� ` � . ...4 �� ,-�.� �,=''�:: ;;:..., ir.�,ti'�: Y-. :Y.s,. .`. . r: �. � • ,l•,.. , �4�.' �." , yf� •� � ✓ "� ei ' �� `��_ ./ . ..:" _ , 1ti � � „• . � iC.y, f�'Cl . L. �1�. :t .r, t - '�f :4 s t.�' i, �#,y�. .�•St��. ��. ...;,..._ . e �:... . -. , • _ � . .. . '. . , .._ .1:� ,:i.:. � �: '7... .;��.�r.�' .. . � ..r: �� . �Myr'` :::.�y .. , .'`�' � '� � � — .� .j. .:?: � ' 'i� '.'C�; �• ,�4 .��. .f.°�' - - - .�. �. " . ' � �. � . .h'�'. '�. � •r • _ h: : ' '' :: _ . . _ . ��w• ,�;-j:� .-;c. :;i+;;� �� :��-�, , _ , . .;�.s:s:�=�.?';�..—._�_ Figure 12: Northeast view of the A.P.E. near ST 4(site 31 CY452). In general, the disturbed roadside includes the area within approximately 5 meters (16 ft.) of the pavement edge. The project is not eXpected to impact any land farther than 8 meters (25 ft.) from the pavement edge. The landowner told us that this area did flood at times, and specifically mentioned a 1949 flood that left several feet of soil in the field. The soil in ST 1 did look like it might be flood deposits that had been mixed by plowing. ST 2 was placed 60 meters (197 ft.) east to see if the flood soil extended in that direction. The soil in that ST, as well as the soil 30 meters (100 ft.) west in ST 3(between ST 1 and 2) may be flood deposited soil miYed by the plow, also. Site 31 CY452 Shovel tests excavated along the south side of SR 1353 identified a prehistoric archaeological site, 31CY452. The site is located approXimately 90 meters (300 ft.) east of Eagle Fork Creek on both sides of SR 1353 (see Figure 11 above). It measures approximately 45 meters (148 ft.) east-west by 30 meters (100 ft.) north-south. Shovel tests were excavated parallel to the road on both sides of SR 1353. Shovel tests were not excavated away from the road (north-south) due to the small size of the A.P.E. The site boundaries may extend farther north and south. The site was identified in ST 4 which was placed approximately 30 meters (100 ft.) east of ST 2. The soil consisted of 90 centimeters (36 inches) of silty clay loam typical of flood plain landforms. A quartz biface fragment was recovered from approximately 60 centimeters (24 in.) below surface. The biface fragment appears to have been a projectile point/knife that was re-purposed as a scraper after the tip broke. It appears to have been an Otarre stemmed point that is diagnostic of the Late Archaic/Early Woodland period (Keel 1976: 194-196, Plate 39; Purrington 1983: 130-131; Ward "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programniatic Agreement. 15 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey and Davis 1999: Figure 3.14). Two prehistoric ceramics were recovered from ST 5 approximately 30 meters (100 ft.) east of ST 4. The ceramics are very thin and are tempered with sand. One of the ceramics appears to have a simple-stamped surface treatment. This shovel test revealed what appeared to be a level of dark soil that could be a"buried-A horizon" between 36-50 centimeters (14-20 in.) below surface. STs 6-7 were excavated 30 and 60 meters (100 and 200 ft.) east of ST 5. ST 6 also contained a dark soillayer between 57-75 centimeters (22-30 in.) below surface. Here the dark soil layer was interpreted as hydric (poorly-drained) soil. ST 7 was located near the eastern eXtent of the floodplain landform, approXimately 45 meters (148 ft.) west of the ridge toe. It contained approximately 50 centimeters (20 in.) of silty clay over a thick layer of gravel at the bottom. Additional STs were placed at 15-meter (50-ft.) intervals between the positive STs. ST 8 was placed 15 meters (50 ft.) west of ST 4 and contained two small (tertiary?) dark gray chert lithic reduction flakes. ST 10 was placed 15 meters (50 ft.) east of ST 5 and contained one small (tertiary?) chert lithic reduction flake and one prehistoric ceramic. The ceramic is very thin and is tempered with sand. The surface is eroded but appears to have a cord-marked or stamped surface treatment. The site was also identified in STs excavated on the north side of the road. STs 19-28 were eXcavated on the north side of SR 1353, two of which contained prehistoric artifacts. STs 21 and 24 each contained one prehistoric ceramic. (ST 24 is across the street from positive ST 4, and ST 21 is across the street from negative ST 11.) The ceramic in ST 21 has no visible surface treatment, and one side is burnt. It appears to be tempered with sand. The ceramic in ST 24 is very thin, sand- tempered, and appears to have a simple-stamped surface treatment. Overall, the ceramics from this site appear to be from the Connesteee phase of the Middle Woodland (Keel 1975: 107-111, Plate 16; Ward and Davis 1999:150-151). The landform and soil on the north side of SR 1353 are similar with the south side. Some of the north side is disturbed by a residential yard, an animal pen area, and a driveway (Figure 13). The west end of the A.P.E. is a fallow field (Figure 14). There are two previously recorded sites in the vicinity of the A.P.E. (see Figure 9 above). Site 31CY91 is recorded on a ridge toe a short distance southeast of the east end of the A.P.E. Site 31 CY92 is recorded to the north of the west end of the A.P.E., on the north bank of Shooting Creek. These sites were recorded during the Hiwassie River Survey project (Dorwin et al. 1975). This report does not provide much detail about the individual sites recorded during the survey. There are no site maps, photographs or artifact catalogs, and the sites were not evaluated for potential inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Site 31CY91 (temp. # Acc. 126) was described as an Archaic period (Savannah River) "non-ceramic camp" on a first terrace landform (Dorwin et al. 1975:13). Site 31CY92 (temp. # Acc. 127) was described as a Mississippian (Qualla) "ceramic camp and/or farmstead" on a floodplain (Dorwin et al. 1975:14). Site 31CY452 is recommended ineligible for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The artifacts consisted of a handful of prehistoric artifacts recovered from several shovel tests over a wide area. The artifacts indicate the site was occupied during the Woodland period. A total of 21 shovel tests were eXcavated in the site area and artifacts were recovered from only six. Also, the artifact density in each shovel test was low. Each positive shovel test contained between 1-4 artifacts, a low artifact density. The shovel tests did not identify any soil anomalies that would indicate preserved cultural features. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 16 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey ��° �� . �� ,'� r . . � �„ 4 , ��.T• �r ' lr•.� . . �. . . .1�.: �i �s _ _ : y��"x,� ' .'i:��:i' � ��^L.''• �1 �iF . L �av' . ,: : '.._•+.-i� �, �.�`�^ -: �. ; :� ,�1. a * � y ��4 .�f i '�'�/.�;p . '� :�y,r �,, �. -�• . � �'. , � ��. 1r4 y ;T r � ' ' � } �c�_-�.: .: � r: Ir: � ��-.-7� _:y9 ". � `�..��:•�. `> r� �� • t' �, . � �� . .�� . �w�. �. -�•� �.. � ... !�'�.•' ;.. � �.� . r � s . .�"s�n..-; j�:: ; �� "��'� � ! ' y i ',ti .. �� - � _ -� ti ,. �:,5 a .. �i .. ,�.Y_ '�3:� '._�- �'1". ..ti.� �,��✓��. ��-� - ��s.: � . „�v'" � � ..'..•`" ' 4 '—'_ V ... , .#� I ! �'�}.� � Y , ^''�� •- _ _ �'Riw� � • '+ - �`� � 'Y ' ... _' _} . . _ . 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''��.� . � '..T.:•.. .�T�^'.'_v�'�.�� _ _ - yF''Yw• �F.. ..ys r%Szf"'�';:v,� y,n:T.ti;`� -''.�r �.:" :' - ��ti.' .k. •h5r:� .:.�.-��a{:�r'"_ _ •h'. ::�•..`• -�+}�ii.��x+ - i.�,+", "y� _ �r.. n-r-_ �;'' ':r*;'''=''=`".' ' �;t^��::�w:;. _ - i:}.��c... .-�r�.t:� :i�. - - �;'::-" ;.�..,.• _ �::c+,�. � - Figure 13: Southwest view of the animal pen (and site 31 CY452) at ST 23 on the north side of SR 1353. , " � ,.;� � _ �� k �� P.� 4' �+,. ' �t�i =' i � .� � :?�!+] ; � � `�' � �� [ • ' � • . � �. 4'^ �.i-�;�.'� ;at �_ �� .,.� "� ,;� r ; , ' � r;, r - _ - �-�;.� -� 4�='y„kr= . tt�?. � _ \ _ , . } . � ; .. .� �!�Ff: - ��.` � ^� � �{ }3 .�i��i�: ��tS ' �� ~� "F' 1i e ' Y^�-'• � � � � � e 'l'i . �k.• ' 1'e Y�S �.ati� � � ��4Pi ,�' _ ' . '?� { �t • �-. ' '��'4 i .•Te !- � r. ;.} Y-�`��'y'Y �.` � �� :S'�iJ��" �.�'. �.r�k�� ; - ,� r�,�.-�= �M1;: � ,..f,�i�'.. 2: tij F. . -� , "{� _ ;^� R7Y-+ ' 7 " '� - • J � r�.. 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J.� ' �...:,: ' � � ' �.� 'f" -_ . -�' � v';. ' '• 'x`s.. _ ,.i `� `'��.:,�. . ... ' "f � � h . �:P'� _ l. � '� � . " �1:� -•n ..i .1.�": r� � �. .•.I3`y.., .,_'�'�:ri��`l:''� �� . .na,�,•:. - �?r'lFZ.: .y''� . �.� . _ f�: h�:g,i � • t,,.,�:,'• `ii: �; l ' f: ^ y h: F �L, . �J. • �:�.':. . . � ..: _� _ •.,* '�. �.pr . . .. ,..�;. ..,�:ML�;� ��,pro`,_.. . c� xl.` �_ � :r }�'� `;:'�ry, {��,, : i. ,w 11!: "'�.-�F'f%'�' `��;.9�i9 �;y,...w �tt•` x.. {:lP��. r,S � F4� �ff',•• �5'a, .k �f,� .'.v�a� a+ •��•,.,,�..,�, .: A ��.�:J �i.� i�' ":�.. - .�f. .. .. I p�� :.�;�"�.�. .�' . � � . .�.-'.' �..? "4�1 •'�y 'i`i'• y��" __L;y�.. _r "�1,y1,.�'�j'E '`,.�.^', `;�✓�s�'�'.i:i.y� •e7i; '.,�;'..3y`':•. x.i.� F Yy�'�r:iY.yR:`j.' Figure 14: West view of STs 25-28 the north side of SR 1353 at the west end. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 17 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey A possible "buried A horizon" was identified in several shovel tests, but this dark soil layer may be indicative of pockets of hydric soil. Because of the low artifact density and the lack of evidence of preserved cultural features, additional work at the site would probably not provide any additional information about the prehistory of this area. No further work is recommended. The floodplain eXtends east from Eagle Fork Creek to a steeply-sloped ridge. No shovel tests were excavated on the ridge because the level part at the top is outside of the A.P.E. A powerline runs along the ridge line overlooking the road. It is possible that that this powerline right of way is the former roadway of today's SR 1353. SR 1353 is currently located on a narrow shelf between the ridge and Vineyard Creek (Figure 15). STs 12-18 were located on the south side of SR 1353 to the east of the ridge. There is a small wetland/swampy area along the base of the east side of the ridge. ST 12 was placed approximately 15 meters (50 ft.) east of the wetland. There is a driveway between ST 12 and the wetland. The landform on the east side of the ridge is the base of a ridge toe or maybe a terrace. All STs were placed in plowed garden plots along the side of the road (Figure 16). The soils varied, but generally consisted of up to 60 centimeters (24 in.) of silty clay. A small stream runs under SR 1353 between STs 16-17 ST 18 was placed at the east end of the A.P.E., across SR 1353 from where it turns north to join US 64 (Figure 17). The A.P.E. on the north side of SR 1353 is a narrow stretch of floodplain between SR 1353 and a stream. The floodplain narrows from east to west as the stream shifts towards the road. The area across SR 1353 from ST 18 was included in a previous survey of the project (Smith 2017). "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 18 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey ' 'i £. ti ' .S� �:'_. r� � + Y �.� �lt� �F. "��ii, : �'. . ... .. ��i:.�. _ � �-'• � . �� f;7'•' � ,tr. � �1 .� �;y � � { 1;� l�A �r � A �'��' }.s � - 1'/,�t +��'wf:� :f��' i i. �t � _. . . �' ':� tit :}�� ' * !� y�q ; .�. `?i.j, •�f. �{ �'� .i: � �i. `i ..''�t'.-�� 1 � r� �� :�' � ? a i•' �.4.'�+�, d• '�. k' .n� ' �: �i c� � Jr ''s'� 5�,r �%� � .fr� �7 P, i . � i � c, � ' .� .�;Yn��:.... ;... 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'' �,,, r •�k:., s•a,,.. ��i�, � i�I'; : - , k'. �-' a�.= �� :�4v a. . ;c �'-.�;y�, �±f:. _ ^��`.:" :..�_,�i,'�y....�.:.:=.�r•�.� �ors- " Qm . �- � n?Ati�'-"=x, . _ � �13 S�" .. � . • .::�;..... , �.; ;k"_ ". i�-' "s-'f �'4� ' ' ' '' �. " . _ • •' . . ; �. .:s'' ,; ' �i .. yy M�ry+ _ .�'. - � ,..... . •�..:.. _%�,.. '"" �=_,��_n= _� ..�.'� • ��;��L �,�- � � s • = a� �,.,; `i�. � r�,= � ,'�, �:. < �,•_ r �.,�:. �.�. =My'�� - : • "' .''= :�.�;'- �;. .,,: ��. � � = 4 . . ' .!$�" - � �. L�. a . � :.;� "�� ►: .IlN.;r 'I� : ..ix�� %...' M 'i'j. ; .�;� � �,, r��:A.-'' �',� ��-� . _ :..,. � �..� �;� �.� � �`"- �"� �r. � . • •r� :, •��;: �•�� <.,:. ` �-: ' _ . � �;�.. ��,._. :. � �r . ��j^ ��r � nr 7:. •4� r �r:; „' .si `r!�... ,. ;�`., i+,?��a.',1y � . ' . .:F1 , i � � - � .�' •`"- � L , r'-� {y r � � ''�\.Y''s�L•',��„l.r� � : r�^ r.��} • S '�� ' •� �y ;�l • �n i�" � �"f' '>P� .3-' - � _ - •-��s k+'� - ,.�.:t ��.�"-�„' :t.. - Figure 16: West view of ST 14. � ��*._ � �sa��` _ :�x _ - �.�� "�s�a.ti' •';sr y. _ �' .�, �:,��; ';, �� ,-��: ,. � �.: �. � V �. '�:•,. - a .:;�.K..�+ �-'cti� - r;• ;:s� � r � a��!?��-• - �. _� - � " -{ ��+i�� :; "'�-i� :..: . � -. '4si"�.. �•��;��,:j�`4 "n' ,�, ' t. � ��;_: �., -�`�'�.. - ' - _ w,;:.��_• . _ _.: . ti"'�`• :-�,,, ...,: ��. 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' . . ��'�'A..0 „� � � . �'..'' �'� .�-:.'�"�'..: . - -..�. .� . _ . 11 �'.�:.ci�F.- . , ..{ '�1�,� • F. - : ,��.' : '' . -`'' . - :��'~��" .:�: '�.�°e+ v � • . �-i•..::'i+, �k. ` • a' . • ' _ . -__- � _.•{ :�}':.....-�a�,..:�.'a• - '4�'Y. �ry�'.w , ''�f:`.a „__.., s.., .?�;,."..;' _ •�.." � . . � ��. , _ �� wi'. . _ F'yMf•_�.'.: �a�? . , .., . - H � �� y �� :ti �+� .� �4+ g 5 . �� _! b, �r9�4y,i � t .'. - -'• . ' '..rSi,a;� ';`-' ; �.1 • f� _ , " �:'� � '� ••*%Z; ay*'� - _ _ ''•• "•:.�� :�•. ' ��Ij?-.�. � ' ti �'- ,S- � � � � ;�:- - - . . .. .. . F - !�i.'�: - �� i,':t�� -i�s' �-h - g� s�ti..�''� "i+ ��:��:(' T. �- � }'��.+`x;�+ ' - - 'ti�'� =�:��`. ;�'�,.�`'�-�� 41 ._. Figure 17: Northeast view of ST 18 at the east end of the A.P.E. �..- �. -x... •�. 'e ��.�.�.',_� _ "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 19 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey The 2017 survey excavated three STs around the culvert that carries Vineyard Creek under SR 1353 (there called East Vineyard Rd.). The area was used as a pasture in 2017, and the soil appeared to be disturbed from that activity (Figure 18). . pr ; -; -'�� . .-�F:��- .Y' _ W�4`..1�~.�" . .�i�' "�e.I .-. - ��'�::�:�:�;r-.. . +`. -x.f., "�� _ -�y �,;� � ' - . �''�` i'� _�,��.e�.. . . ..H .� � :�� eM . �.`��`s �;.�_. Vineyard Creek M, ' �' � ��' �, .� � �"''`;� `"� , �:- �� , �- `".�. �A . $ fi .I , � . ' r� � ,'.�: .� �� ' t � � ' �� i 5y.� � 5'_ .� s '� r.' �' i -� � �' �.:,, _ ' -�- _ �'�� _ - � �a�-�- ' . `�' � ?� �4�� .. . .+�s►' . ..,,�� .. . . �°► ,. '." .'� � a ._ '�+�5+ C�.".:aat��.- . -� � � , „1� g..-:.-.x . . . .. . . _, . �+.�:�- '�• .n.r�.ix�.�ti�_. . -- , . ,� . . . ' ' . .-... . ., -��aF _ .. . _ �. . ..� . ..- . --'-'..... . .. . . . .�_ _ . . -' Figure 18: Southwest view of the north side of SR 1353 at the east end of the A.P.E. (in 2017) At the east end of the A.P.E., SR 1353 turns to the northwest to cross Vineyard Creek and intersect with US 64. Here SR 1353 changes its name to East Vineyard Rd. SR 1198 continues to the northeast as Old US 64 and dead ends at new US 64. When "new" US 64 was constructed SR 1353/East Vineyard Rd. was rearranged to be the access from Old US 64. Much of this area was included in the 2017 survey for the replacement of the culvert that carries Vineyard Creek under SR 1353. The 2017 survey found that the north side of East Vineyard Rd. on the west side of Vineyard Creek was poorly-drained. It found that the south side of East Vineyard Rd. on the west side of Vineyard Creek was disturbed by cattle grazing (Figure 19). Summary and Conclusions The archaeological survey for the proposed improvements to SR 1353 consisted of the eXcavation of 28 shovel tests along both sides of the road. The survey identified one archaeological site (31CY452), a scatter of prehistoric artifacts, in the A.P.E. The artifacts suggest that the site was occupied during the Late Archaic/Middle Woodland periods of prehistory. Shovel tests at the site did not identify any evidence of preserved cultural features, and the artifact density was very light. The site has little potential to provide additional information about the prehistory of North Carolina or the region. Therefore, no further work is recommended for this project. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 20 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey ��e�-� �. 'Y.� 1� ,r+lt �;}. � � _.� �� ' . � �"� � � + : �C� .r� �? ' �a �T:. Y .4 .l ='Z ;��? R _�.. ��.,- - _ :. _ k . J�w l Y ' . . . .. . ��l L j tr �he � ' . .,. � i• e' '' v� A� ��F �{� � �� '� n �- '�^: k � _ :� l �`�!` �' ' .-. ii:.�L � .,,�y� Y i�' � ` � ,�''�:-�' ,y .r q] �; � � i_�� s. ` . � •i �-, ' � __ � ' �`�; r.� . ' . .- _•5��."1 -... •n� :i .�.�� . ;:�'.,. . . . . � �.�� . . �MZ �� f- � - - � t_.;�` _. .�x ~ ��i�� '��' � ��R . , . � � '� � . . ��'v" �. 6� . .� . . . `. ' + . _ ' '.�; , . . .. . - - � +- ''�af' W . . . .` , ' 1: �"'r�.' �,� �. ' �i��.�':I' -:' .�� : ;.; . .i:'. '. .. . ' . � +qy.': . ' -.. Figure 19: Southwest view of the south side of East Vineyard Rd. at the east end of the A.P.E. (in 2017) References Cited Dorwin, John T., Robert N. Tiger, III, and E. Marian Bistline 1975 Upper Hiwassie River Survey: 1974-1975. Western Carolina University, Cullowee, North Carolina. Keel, Bennie C. 1976 Cherokee Archaeology: A Study of the Appalachian Summit. University of Tennessee Press, KnoXville, Tennessee. Purrington, Burton L. 1983 Ancient Mountaineers: An Overview of the Prehistoric Archaeology of North Carolina's Western Mountain Region, pp. 83-158 in The Prehistory of North Carolina: An Archaeological Symposium, edited by Mark A. Mathis and Jeffrey J. Crow. North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, Division of Archives and History, Raleigh. Smith, Caleb 2017 No National Register of Historic Places Eligible or Listed Archaeological Sites Present Form: Extend Pipe Carrying Vineyard Creek Under SR 1168 (East Vineyard Rd.) in Clay County (PA 17-07-0019). Submitted on 9/15/2017. North Carolina Department of Transportation, Raleigh. Ward, H. Trawick and R.P. Stephen Davis 1999 Time Before History: The Archaeology of North Carolina. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 21 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey Appendix A: Description of Shovel Tests Shovel Description Artifacts Test South side o road, west side o rid e 1 0-66 cm dark brown silty loam (mottled with lighter - brown cla ) 2 0-40 cm lOYR 3/3 (dark brown) silty clay loam; 40-60 - cm lOYR 3/1 ver dark ra silt sand loam h dric? 3 0-30 cm lOYR 3/3 (silty clay loam); 30-50 cm lOYR - 3/2 ver dark ra ish brown silt cla loam h dric? 4 0-38 cm lOYR 3/2 (very dark grayish brown) silty Quartz biface or projectile point loam; 38-55 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark yellowish brown) silty clay; 55-90 cm lOYR 3/6 (dark yellowish brown) silty loam 5 0-20 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark yellowish brown) silty clay 2 prehistoric ceramics loam; 20-36 cm lOYR 3/2 (very dark grayish brown) silty loam; 36-50 cm lOYR 2/2 (very dark brown) silty loam; 50-65 cm lOYR 4/6 (dark yellowish brown) silty loam 6 0-57 cm lOYR 3/2 (very dark grayish brown) silty - loam; 57-75 cm lOYR 2/1 (black) silty loam; 75-90 cm lOYR 4/3 brown wet silt cla 7 0-40 cm lOYR 3/3 (dark brown) silty loam; 40-45 cm - lOYR 3/1 (very dark gray) silty clay; 45-50 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark yellowish brown) silty clay; stopped at gravel la er 8 0-20 cm lOYR 3/2 (very dark grayish brown) silty 1 chert flake loam; 20-35 cm lOYR 2/2 (very dark brown) silty loam; 35-50 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark yellowish brown) silty loam; 50-60 cm lOYR 3/2 (very dark gray) silty loam; 60-80 cm lOYR 3/6 dark ellowish brown silt cla 9 0-52 cm lOYR 3/3 (dark brown) silty loam; 52-70 cm - lOYR 2/2 ver dark brown silt loam 10 0-45 cm lOYR 3/a (dark yellowish brown) silty loam; 45- 1 prehistoric ceramic; 1 flake 65 cm lOYR 2/2 (very dark brown) silty loam; 65-70 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark ellowish brown) silt cla 11 0-35 cm lOYR 3/3 (dark brown) silty loam; 35-50 cm - lOYR 3/6 (dark yellowish brown) silty clay; higher rock content in soil South side o�road,• east side o�rid e 12 0-60 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark ellowish brown silt cla - 13 0-40 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark yellowish brown) silty clay; 40- - 50 cm 7.5 YR 4/6 (strong brown) silty clay; high gravel content 14 0-55 cm lOYR 3/6 (dark yellowish brown) silty clay; - hi h ravel content 15 0-60 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark ellowish brown) silt cla - "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 22 of 23 SR 1353 (Clay) survey 16 0-30 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark yellowish brown) silty clay; 30- - 40 cm h dric ? ra soil 17 0-20 cm lOYR 5/4 (yellowish brown) clay loam; 20-30 - cm lOYR 5/6 ellowish brown cla loam subsoil? 18 0-50 cm lOYR 5/4 (yellowish brown) clay loam; 50-55 - cm lOYR 5/6 ellowish brown cla loam subsoil North side o road; west o rid e 19 0-40 cm ra fill - 20 0-25 cm lOYR 3/3 (dark brown) clay loam; 25-50 cm - lOYR 4/3 (brown cla loam subsoil?) 21 0-30 cm lOYR 3/2 (very dark grayish brown) clay loam; i prehistoric ceramic 30-50 cm lOYR 4/4 dark ellowish brown cla loam 22 0-25 cm lOYR 3/2 (very dark grayish brown) clay loam; - 25-40 cm lOYR 4/4 dark ellowish brown cla loam 23 0-30 cm lOYR 3/6 (dark yellowish brown) silty loam; - 30-45 cm lOYR 2/1 black) silt loam 24 0-20 cm lOYR 3/3 (dark brown) silty loam; 20-30 cm 1 prehistoric ceramic (simple- lOYR 3/4 (dark yellowish brown) silty loam; 30-65 cro stamped) lOYR 3/2 ver dark ra ish brown silt loam 25 0-30 cm lOYR 3/2 (very dark grayish brown) sandy - loam; 30-40 cm lOYR 4/6 (dark yellowish brown) sand loam; sto ed at ravel la er 26 0-45 cm lOYR 3/3 (dark brown) silty loam; 45-55 cm - lOYR 5/8 (yellowish brown) silty clay; high gravel content 27 0-30 cm lOYR 4/4 (dark yellowish brown) silty loam; 30-45 cm lOYR 4/6 (dark yellowish brown) sandy loam; moderate ravel content 28 0-25 cm lOYR 3/4 (dark yellowish brown) sandy loam - with heav ravel content; sto ed at cobble la er "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement. 23 of 23