WQ0002007_ARO ND partial file 1_20190212

-, a Carolina
Apt of Environn'' i' t
,i ural Resources
.s►on of `Dilater Quality
James. B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
Kerr T. Stevens, Directs
IM
Adam Houser,, Plant Mana
Burlington Industries, Inc.
P.O. Box 670
Forest City, NC 28403
1 q
Ma O) 199
Subject:
NCDENIX
NORTH CAROLINA ,DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND.NAT.QRAL RESOURCES
Permit N
Burlington Industries, Inc.
J. C. Cowan Plant
Land Application of Wastewater Residuals
Dear Mr. Houser:
In accordance with your application received on January 26, 1999, we are forwarding herewith Permit No.
WQ0002007 dated May 28, 1999 to Burlington Industries, Inc. for the operation of a wastewater residuals land
application program. As the ground water monitoring has not shown exceedance of the ground water standards, the
monitoring of the wellshasbeen eliminated, and the wells must be properly abandoned.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until April 30, 2004, shall void Permit No.
WQ0002007 issued September 26, 1994, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein.
Please pay particular attention to the monitoring and reporting requirements contained in this permit. Failure to
establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational information will result in
future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the right to
request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of this permit. This.
request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North Carolina General Statutes,
and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447, Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such
demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, ease cont t J R Joshi at [phone]
extension 363.
Sinc ly,
Kerr T. Stevens
I l
cc: Rutherford County Health Department
Environmental Waste Recycling, Inca
Asheville Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Asheville Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Bob Cheek, Groundwater Section, Central Office
Technical Assistance and Certification Unit
Non -Discharge Compliance/Enforcement Unit
PO Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] Fax[phone]'19
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/10% post -consumer paper

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
RESIDUALS LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as amended, and
other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Rutherford County
FOR THE
operation of a wastewater residuals land application program consisting of the application of 448.3 dry tons per
year of residuals from the sources listed in Condition II 5, to approximately 333.8 acres of land in Rutherford
County with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the application received on January 26, 1999
and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and approved
by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until April 30,. 2004, shall void Permit No.
WQ0002007 issued September 26, 1994, and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately assimilate the wastes and may be
rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner which will protect the assigned
water quality standards of the surface waters and ground waters.
2. The land application program shallbe effectively maintained and operated as a non -discharge system to
prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this program.
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to surface
or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.
4. In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including the creation of
nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying residuals to the sites and take any immediate
corrective actions as may be required by the Division of Water Quality (Division).
5. Some of the buffers specified below may not have been included in previous permits for this land
application operation. However, any sites or fields that are included in this permit, but were approved
with different applicable buffers shall be reflagged to comply with the below buffers. The following
buffer zones shall be maintained:
1

400 feet from rest ences or places of public assembly un r separate ownership for surface
7. Specific residual application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior to and during
application.
8. No residuals at any time shall be stored at any application site, unless approval has been requested and
obtained from the Division.
9. Maximum slope for residual application shall be 10% for surface application and 18% for subsurface
applications.
10. When wastewater residuals are applied, the Class B pathogen requirements as defined in 40 CFR Part
503 or the Process to Significantly Reduced Pathogens (PSRP) as defined in 40 CFR Part 257
Appendix II shall be met. Additionally, an evaluation must be performed which demonstrates the
residuals ability to comply with this requirement. Upon request, a copy of this evaluation must be
submitted including all test results and calculations.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facilities and application sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover, as listed in condition 11 4; shall be maintained in accordance with the crop
management plan outlined by the local Extension Office, the Department of Agriculture, the ;[natural
Resource Conservation Service, or other agronomist, and approved by this Division.
An acceptable pH must be maintained in the soil, residual and lime mixture, greater than 6.0, on all
land application sites to insure optimum yield for the crop(s) specified below. The agronomist shall
provideinformation on the pH best suited for the specified crop and the soil type.
2
application method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a minimum of 100
/
feet upon written consent of the owner and approval from the appropriate regional office,
b)
200 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for subsurface
residual injection method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a minimum of
100 feet upon written consent of the owner and the appropriate regional office,
c)
100 feet from any public or private water supply source, waters classified as SA or SB, and any
Class I or Class II impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water for both methods,
d)
100 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or coastal waters
and any other lake or impoundment for surface application,
e)
'50 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or coastal waters
and any other lake or impoundment for subsurface application,
f)
50 feet from property lines for both surface and subsurface application methods;
g)
50 feet from public right of ways for both application methods,
h)
10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both application methods,
i)
25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater drainage systems
and surface drainage ditches for both application methods.
6. A copy of this permit shall be maintained at the land application site when residuals are being applied
during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be maintained in allresiduals
transport and application vehicles.
7. Specific residual application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior to and during
application.
8. No residuals at any time shall be stored at any application site, unless approval has been requested and
obtained from the Division.
9. Maximum slope for residual application shall be 10% for surface application and 18% for subsurface
applications.
10. When wastewater residuals are applied, the Class B pathogen requirements as defined in 40 CFR Part
503 or the Process to Significantly Reduced Pathogens (PSRP) as defined in 40 CFR Part 257
Appendix II shall be met. Additionally, an evaluation must be performed which demonstrates the
residuals ability to comply with this requirement. Upon request, a copy of this evaluation must be
submitted including all test results and calculations.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facilities and application sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover, as listed in condition 11 4; shall be maintained in accordance with the crop
management plan outlined by the local Extension Office, the Department of Agriculture, the ;[natural
Resource Conservation Service, or other agronomist, and approved by this Division.
An acceptable pH must be maintained in the soil, residual and lime mixture, greater than 6.0, on all
land application sites to insure optimum yield for the crop(s) specified below. The agronomist shall
provideinformation on the pH best suited for the specified crop and the soil type.
2

:,y groundwater quathy -monitoring, as deemed necessary by the bilAsion, shall be provided.
No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high water table is less
than three feet below land surface.
4. All groundwater monitoring (Raleigh Spratt Site) shall be discontinued.
5. Within 60 days of permit issuance, all monitoring wells shall be properly abandoned in accordance
with 15A NCAC .0113(a)(2). A well abandonment record (GW- 30 form) for all wells shall be
submitted to the Asheville Regional Office within thirty days of well abandonment.
V. INSPECTIONS
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and application facilities to
prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which may cause or lead to the
release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall
maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the date and time of inspection, observations
made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This log of
inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of five years from the date of the
inspection and shall be made available to the Division or other permitting authority, upon request:.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division may, upon presentation of
credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises or place on or related to the application site or
facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect
or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; and may obtain
samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried out in accordance
with the conditions, of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner approved by this
Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in the
application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the facilities to
change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must be submitted to the
Division accompanied by an application fee, documentation from the 'parties involved, and other
supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its
merits and may or may not be approved.
7

c'following are approved sites for residuals application (see attached map[s]):
Application Area [acres]
Site No. Owner/Lessee (excluding buffers)
Rutherford County
2A-1 Raleigh Spratt 36.1
13A-1 Henry Edwards 10.9
13A-2 Henry Edwards 3.1
13A-3 Henry Edwards 4.5
13A-4 Henry Edwards 1.6
13A-5 Henry Edwards 23.9
13A-6 Henry Edwards 7.3
13A-7 Henry Edwards 7.1
1-1 Guss L. Walker 5.0
1-2 Guss L. Walker 4.8
1-3 Guss L. Walker 10.0
1-4 Guss L. Walker 8.0
2-1 Kenneth Pannell 17.0
2-2 Kenneth Pannell 2.0
2-3 Kenneth Pannell 5.0
2-4 Kenneth Pannell 8.5
2.5 Kenneth Pannell 12.0
2-6 Kenneth Pannell 5.5
2-7 Kenneth Pannell 10.0
6-1 Max Burgin 33.0
6-2 Max Burgin 10.5
7-3 Max Burgin 21.5
7-4 Max Burgin 35.0
8-5 Max Burgin 19.0
8-6 Max Burgin 15.5
8-7 Max Burgin 17.0
TOTAL AVAILABLE ACRES 333.8
5. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the Perrnittee to
an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6A
to 143-215.6C.
6. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty (30) days
after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause the Division to initiate
action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205 (c)(4).
7. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and all statutes,
rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government agencies (local, state, and
federal) which have jurisdiction.
8. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its extension.
Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the facilities described
8

.,rein, and if warrantee; will extend the permit for such period of-A-line and under such conditions and
limitations as it may deem appropriate.
9. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions, limitations and
monitoring requirements the Division deems necessary in order to adequately protect the environment
and public health.
10. This permit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee and the
landowners/lessees are in full force and effect. The land owner agreements are considered expired
concurrent with the expiration date of the permit and must be renewed at the same time the permit is
renewed.
Permit issued this the Twenty-eighth day of May, 1999
NORTH C OLINA E"CVMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0002007
9

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.firth Carolin °,-,,
"Anent of Environment,
A and Natural Resources
-,Ivision of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
Philip H. Klein, Director of Engineering
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Post Office Box 21207
Greensboro, North Carolina 27420
Dear Mr. Klein:
September 26, 1994
Subject: Permit No -,WQ0002007
Burlington industries, Inca
J. C. Cowan Plant
Land Application of Wastewater Residuals
Rutherford County
In accordance with the modification request received on August 29, 1994, from Mr. ]David
Wanucha of Environmental Waste Recycling, Inc., we are forwarding herewith Permit No. WQ0002007
as amended, dated September 26, 1994, to Burlington Industries, Inc. for the continued operation of a
wastewater residuals land application program. This permit is being amended to correctly identify the Jim
Ledbetter fields approved to receive residuals. The fields were identified as 5-2, 5-3, and 5-4 :in the
renewal package, however, they have now been changed to fields 5-3, 5-4, and 5-5.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 1999, shall void Permit No.
WQ0002007 issued August. 10, 1994, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified
therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring and reporting requirements contained in this
permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational
information will result in future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of
this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North
Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447,
Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. Michael D. Allen at
[phone].
cc:
Sincerely, °
C `�
A. Presto Howard, Jr., JP.E. /
Rutherford County Health Department
Environmental Waste Recycling, Inc.
Asheville Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Asl3eville Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Jack Floyd, Groundwater Section Central Office
Training and Certification Unit (no revised rating)
Facilities Assessment Unit
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer
x�i � �. k3 Ile,
� lpG
W 2 91994 �
Ground r ea
Telephone [phone] FAX 919-733'-2496
50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
RESIDUALS LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Rutherford County
FOR THE
continued operation of a wastewater residuals land application program consisting of the application of
approximately 417 dry tons per year of residuals from the Burlington Industries, Inc.'s J. C. Cowan Plant
wastewater treatment facility and water treatment facility to approximately 448.3 acres of land in
Rutherford County with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the modification request
received on August 29, 1994, from Mr. David Wanucha of Environmental Waste Recycling, Inc., and in
conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and
approved by the Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources and considered -a part of this
permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 1999, shall void Permit No.
WQ0002007 issued August 10, 1994, and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and
limitations.
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately assimilate the wastes and
may be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner which will
protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and ground waters.
2. :The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -
discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this
program.
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages
to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.
4. In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including the
creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying residuals to the sites and
take any immediate corrective actions as may be�required by the Division.
1

6.
7.
8.
9.
\�d
Some of the buffers specified below may not have beenJ included in previous permits for
this land application operation. However, any sites or fields that are included in this
permit, but were approved with different applicable buffers shall be reflagged to comply
with the below buffers. The following buffer zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
surface application method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a
minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and approval from the
appropriate DEM regional office,
b) 200 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
subsurface residual injection method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be
reduced to a minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and the
appropriate DEM regional office,
c) 100 feet from any public or private water supplysource, waters classified as SA or SB,
and any Class I or Class II impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water for
both methods,
d) 100 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for surface application,
e) 50 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, ,marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for subsurface application,
f) 50 feet from property lines for both surface and subsurface application methods;
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for both application methods,
h) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both
application methods,
i) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater
drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both application methods.
A copy of this permit shall be maintained attheland application site when residuals are
being applied during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be
maintained in all residuals transport and application vehicles.
Specific residual application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior to
and during application.
No residuals at any time shall be stored at any application site, unless approval has been
requested and obtained from the Division of Environmental Management.
Maximum slope for residual application shall be 10% for surface application and 18% for
subsurface applications.
10. When wastewater residuals are applied, the Class B pathogen requirements as defined in 40
CFR Part 503 or the Process to Significantly Reduced Pathogens (PSRP) as defined in 40
CFR Part 257 Appendix II. Additionally, an evaluation must be performed which
demonstrates the residuals ability to comply with this requirement. Upon request, a copy
of this evaluation must be submitted including all test results and calculations.
lI. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facilities and application sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover, as listed in condition 11 4, shall be maintained in accordance
with the crop management plan outlined by the local Extension Office of the Department of
Agriculture, or the Soil Conservation Service, or other agronomist, and approved by this
Division.
2

7. Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee shall
employ a certified land application/residuals operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of
the land application program. The operator must hold a certificate of the type classification
assigned to the land application program by the Certification Commission. The Permittee
must also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type to comply with the
conditions of Title 15A NCAC 8A, .0202.
g. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored residuals into any surface waters.
9. Surface applied residuals will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours after
application on lands with no cover crop established.
3
An acceptable pH must be maintained in
the soil, residual and lime mixture, greater than
6.0, on all land application sites to insure
optimum yield for the crop(s) specified below.
The agronomist shall provide information
on the pH best suited for the specified crop and
the soil type.
4. The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
Crop
PAN (lb./acre/yr.)
Alfalfa
200
Bermuda Grass (Hay, Pasture)
220
Blue Grass
120
Corn (Grain)
160
Corn (Silage)
200
Cotton
70
Fescue
250
Forest (Hardwood & Softwood)
75
Milo
100
Small Grain (Wheat, barley, oats)
100
Sorghum, Sudex (Pasture)
180
Sorghum, Sudex (Silage)
220
Soybeans
200
Timothy, Orchard, & Rye Grass
200
5. No residuals other than the following
are hereby approved for land application in
accordance with this permit:
Permit Estimated
Source
County Number Volume (dry mslvear)
Burlington Industries, Inc.
J. C. Cowan Plant WWTP and WTP Rutherford NC0006025 417.0
6. The lifetime heavy metal loadings shall not exceed the following for the corresponding
Cation Exchange Capacities (CEC):
Lifetime
Loadings (lbs/acre)
Parameter CEC < 5
CEC 5 - 15 CEC > 15
Lead 500
1000 2000
Zinc 250
500 1000
Copper 125
250 500
Nickel 125
250 500
Cadmium 4.5
9 18
7. Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee shall
employ a certified land application/residuals operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of
the land application program. The operator must hold a certificate of the type classification
assigned to the land application program by the Certification Commission. The Permittee
must also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type to comply with the
conditions of Title 15A NCAC 8A, .0202.
g. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored residuals into any surface waters.
9. Surface applied residuals will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours after
application on lands with no cover crop established.
3

For areas that' prone to flooding or within the 100 -yam flood elevation, residuals may
be applied only during periods of dry weather. The residuals must be incorporated into the
soil within twenty-four (24) hours after application.
Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application sites
during active site use and for the 12 -month period following the last residual application
event. Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the activities being
conducted at each site.
12. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from the residuals application area onto the adjacent property or into
any surface waters.
13. Residuals shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a rainfall
event of 1/2 -inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency residuals disposal measures must
first be approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
14. Residuals shall not be applied to any land application site that is flooded, frozen or snow-
covered.
15. Residuals shall not be applied at rates greater than agronomic rates, unless authorized by
the Division.
16. Animals shall not be grazed on an application site for 30 days after residuals application.
Application sites that are to be used for grazing shall have fencing that will be used to
prevent access after each application.
17. Food crops, feed crops and fiber crops that do not come in contact with the residuals shall
not be harvested for 30 days after residuals application.
18. Food crops; with harvested parts that touch the residual/soil mixture and are totally above
the land surface (ex. tobacco, melons, cucumbers, squash, etc.) shall not be harvested for
14 months after residuals application.
19. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land (root crops such as potatoes,
carrots, radishes, etc.) shall not be harvested for 20 months after application of residuals
when the residuals remain on the land surface for four (4) months or longer prior to
incorporation into the soil.
20. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land shall not be harvested for 38
months after application of residuals when the residuals remain on the land surface for less
than four (4) months prior to incorporation into the soil.
21. Turf shall not be harvested for l year after residuals application if the turf is to be placed on
land with a high potential for public exposure.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management to insure
protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable sampling and reporting
schedule shall be followed.
4

Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all application activities.
These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following information:
a) source of residuals
b) date of residual application
c) location of residual application (site, field, or zone #)
d) method of application
e) weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, raining, etc.)
f) soil conditions
g) type of crop or crops to be grown on field
h) volume of residuals applied in gallons/acre, dry tons/acre or kilograms/hectare
i) annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of residuals, annual and cumulative
pounds/acre of each heavy metal (which shall include, but not be limited to cadmium,
copper, lead, nickel, and zinc), annual pounds/acre of plant available nitrogen (PAN),
and annual pounds/acre of phosphorus applied to each field.
3. A representative annual soils analysis (Standard Soil Fertility Analysis) shall be conducted
of each site receiving residuals in the respective calendar year and the results maintained on
file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.
The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis shall include, but is not necessarily limited to, the
following parameters:
Acidity Manganese Potassium
Calcium Percent Humic Matter Sodium
Copper pH Zinc
Magnesium Phosphorus
Base Saturation (by calculation)
Cation Exchange Capacity
The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis (see above) and an analysis for the following metals
shall be conducted once prior to permit renewal on soils from each site which has received
sludge during the permit cycle.
Cadmium Lead Nickel
4. A residuals analysis will be conducted annually from the date of permit issuance by the
Permittee and the results maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.
If land application occurs at a frequency less than annually, a residuals analysis will be
required for each instance of land application.
The residuals analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to the following
parameters:
Cadmium Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen
Copper % Total Solids
Lead pH
Nickel Phosphorus
Zinc Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
Aluminum Potassium
Ammonia -Nitrogen Sodium
Calcium TKN
Magnesium
5

31
A Toxicity Characteristics LeachingProcedure (TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the
Permittee annually. The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters (please note
the regulatory level in mg/L in parentheses):
Arsenic (5.0)
Benzene (0.5)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Chlorobenzene (100.0)
Chromium (5.0)
m -Cresol (200.0)
Cresol (200.0)
1,4 -Dichlorobenzene (7.5)
1,1-Dichloroethylene (0.7)
Endrin (0.02)
Hexachlorobenzene (0.13)
Hexachloroethane (3.0)
Lindane (0.4)
Methoxychlor (10.0)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
Pyridine (5.0)
Silver (5.0)
Toxaphene (0.5)
2,4,5 -Trichlorophenol (400.0)
2,4,5 -TP (Silvex) (1.0)
Barium (100.0)
Cadmium (1.0)
Chlordane (0.03)
Chloroform (6.0)
o -Cresol (200.0)
p -Cresol (200.0)
2,4-D (10.0)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (0.13)
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (0.5)
Lead (5.0)
Mercury (0.2)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)
Pentachlorophenol (100.0)
Selenium (1.0)
Tetrachloroethylene (0.7)
Trichloroethylene (0.5)
2,4,6 -Trichlorophenol (2.0)
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
All residuals included in this permit must be monitored annually from the date of permit
issuance, for compliance with condition l 10 of this permit. Data to verify stabilization of
the residuals must be maintained by the Permittee. The required data is specific to the
stabilization process utilized, but should be sufficient to clearly demonstrate compliance the
Class B pathogen requirements as defined in 40 CFR Part 503 or the Process to
Significantly Reduced Pathogens (PSRP) as defined in 40 CFR Part 257 Appendix II.
7. Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in
conditions 111 1, II12,1II 3, 1114, 1115, and 1116 shall be submitted annually on or before
March 1 of the following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
8. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Asheville Regional Office, telephone number.
[phone], as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next
working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the
following:
a. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the land application
of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a release of material to receiving
waters.
6

rte\
c. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the system was designed.
d . Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate residual treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting residuals to the
application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline
the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
1. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high water
table is less than three feet below land surface.
2. The three (3) existing monitor wells designated as MW -1, MW -2, and MW -3, depicted on
the attached site map (Attachment A), shall be sampled every November for the following
parameters:
NO3 Chloride
Ammonia Nitrogen TDS
Water Level Orthophosphate
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables - using EPA Method 625
Volatile Organic Compounds -' using Method 602
The measurement of water levels must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters. The depth to water in each well shall be measured from the surveyed point on
the top of the casing.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all monitoring wells shall be surveyed to
provide the relative elevation of the measuring point for each monitoring well.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the Groundwater Section, Permits
and Compliance Unit, P.O. Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535 on Form GW -59
[Compliance Monitoring Report Form] every December.
3. The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations in
15A NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary is
for the disposal system constructed after December 31, 1983 is established at either (1) 250
feet from the waste disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is
closest to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or
beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate remediation action in addition to
the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute 143-215.6A(a)(1).
In accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around the
disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the
waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require
remediation action on the part of the permittee.
4. Any groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the Division, shall be
provided.
7

,"PECTIONS
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and application
facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which
may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a
nuisance. The Permittee shall maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the
date and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective
actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee
for a period of five years from the date of the inspection and shall be made available to the
Division of Environmental Management or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of Environmental'
Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property,
premises or place on or related to the application site or facility at any reasonable time for
the purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect or copy any records
that must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; and may obtain samples of
groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried out in
accordance with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner
approved by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in
the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the
facilities to change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request
must be submitted to the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an
application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting materials as
may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its merits and may
or may not be approved.
4. The following are approved sites for residuals application (see attached map(s)):
8
Application Area [acres]
Site No
Owner/Lessee
(excluding buffers)
2A-1
Raleigh Spratt
36.1
13A-1
Henry Edwards
10.9
13A-2
Henry Edwards
3.1
13A-3
Henry Edwards
4.5
13A-4
Henry Edwards
1.6
13A-5
Henry Edwards
23.9
13A-6
Henry Edwards
7.3
13A-7
Henry Edwards
7.1
1-1
Guss L. Walker
5.0
1-2
Guss L. Walker
4.8
I-3
Guss L. Walker
10.0
1-4
Guss L. Walker
8.0
8

Application Area [acres]
Site No Owner/Lessee (excluding buffers)
2-1 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 17.0
2-2 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 2.0
2-3 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 5.0
2-4 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 8.5
2-5 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 12.0
2-6 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 5.5
2-7 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 10.0
3-1 Kermit Pannell 3.0
3-2 Kermit Pannell 30.0
3-3 Kermit Pannell 14.0
3-4 Kermit Pannell 8.5
4-1 Jim Ledbetter 33.0
4-2 Jim Ledbetter 4.0
5-3 Jim Ledbetter 4.5
5-4 Jim Ledbetter 5.0
5-5 Jim Ledbetter 12.5
6-1 Max Burgin 33.0
6-2 Max Burgin 10.5
7-3 Max Burgin 21.5
7-4 Max Burgin 35.0
8-5 Max Burgin 19.0
8-6 Max Burgin 15.5
8-7 Max Burgin 17.0
TOTAL AVAILABLE ACRES 448.3
5. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental Management in
accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6(a) to 143-215.6(c).
6. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty
(30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause
the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205
(c)(4)
7. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and
all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
8. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the
facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time
and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
9. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental Management deems
necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and public health.
9

J. This permit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee and the
landowners/lessees are in full force and effect. The land owner agreements are considered
expired concurrent with the expiration date of the permit and must be renewed at the same
time the permit is renewed.
Permit issued this the twenty-sixth day of September, 1994
NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
&,cL ___ LJ . r (2 Cc,,J,.z]L /L
A. Preston H ard, Jr., P.E., Director
Division of E ironmental Management 7T
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit No. WQ0002007
10

...� BURLINGTON INDUSTRIES FOREST CITY
RUTHERFORD COUNTY;
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FAichi 2 RALEIGH $F?AT T
t� j PERMIT NO. WQ0002007
Farm # 2
1� MONITOR WELLS
Scar a 1 1=600' J�
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FIELD MAP
Kenneth Pannell

A
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ROAD CLASSIFICATION
�S
F�
Heavy-duty - Light-duty_
Medium -duty
Unl.-r•,P!oved dint � a
U. S. Route o C!S
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SUNSHINE, N. C.
N3522.5—Wu145/7 5
1965 AIZO

Environmental Waste Disposal. In
P.C..Box 170 9 Advance. NC 27006 • (919) 99 -4164
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- Max Burgin Site 2

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Environmental Waste Oisaosai.
P.O. Box 170 • Advance. NC 27C'C6 • 9121 1�t$13.4
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Max Burgin Site 3
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Wirth Carolin �'
gent of Environment,TV
:gin and Natural Resources
A • �
,aision of Environmental Management rr
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor • ► 1
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary E H A p
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director V r—'1
Philip H. Klein, Director of Engineering
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Post Office Box 21207
Greensboro, North Carolina 27420
Dear Mr. Klein:
August 10, 1994
Subject: Permit No. WQ0002007
Burlington Industries, Inc.
J. C. Cowan Plant
Land Application of Wastewater Residuals
Rutherford County
In accordance with your renewal request received on June 16, 1994, we are forwarding herewith
Permit No. WQ0002007, dated August 10, 1994, to Burlington Industries, Inc. for the continued
operation of a wastewater residuals land application program. This permit renewal also reduces the
number of acres available for land application from 501.3 to 448.3 by breaking Sites 2A and 13A into
fields and removing the buffered acres from the total acres available for land application.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 1999, shall void Permit No.
WQ0002007 issued December 29, 1993, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified
therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring and reporting requirements contained in this
permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational
information will result in future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of
this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North
Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447,
Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. Michael D. Allen at
[phone].
Sincerely,
LO
A. Presta Howard, Jr., P.E.
cc: Rutherford County Health Department
Environmental Waste Recycling, Inc.
Asheville Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Asheville Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Jack Floyd, Groundwater Section Central Office 8 1994 sY
Training and Certification Unit (no revised rating)„
Facilities Assessment Unit
rola t "
}.
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10%a post -consumer paper

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
RESIDUALS LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Rutherford County
FOR THE
continued operation of a wastewater residuals land application program consisting of the application of
approximately 417 dry tons per year of residuals from the Burlington Industries, Inc.'s J. C. Cowan Plant
wastewater treatment facility and water treatment facility to approximately 448.3 acres of land in
Rutherford County with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the renewal request
received on June 16, 1994, and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting
data subsequently filed and approved by the Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
and considered a part of this permit
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 1999, shall void Permit No.
WQ0002007 issued December 29, 1993, and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and
limitations:
L. PERFORMANCE STANDARD
1. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately assimilate the wastes and
may be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner which will
protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and ground waters.
2. The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -
discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this
program.
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages
to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.
4. In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including the
creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying residuals to the sites and
take any immediate corrective actions as may be required by the Division.
1

Some of the buffers specified below may not have been included in previous permits for
this land application operation. However, any sites or fields that are included in this
permit, but were approved with different applicable buffers shall be reflagged to comply
with the below buffers. The following buffer zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
surface application method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a
minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and approval from the
appropriate DEM regional office,
b) 200 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
subsurface residual injection method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be
reduced to a minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and the
appropriate DEM regional office,
c) 100 feet from any public or private water supply source, waters classified as SA or SB,
and any Class I or Class II impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water for
both methods,
d) 100feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for surface application,
e) 50 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for subsurface application,
f) 50 feet from property lines for both surface and subsurface application methods;
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for both application methods,
h) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both
application methods,
i) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater
drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both application methods.
6. A copy of this permit shall be maintained at the land application site when residuals are
being applied during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be
maintained in all residuals transport and application vehicles.
7. Specific residual application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior to
and during application.
8. No residuals at any time shall be stored at any application site, unless approval has been
requested and obtained from the Division of Environmental Management.
9. Maximum slope for residual application shall be 10% for surface application and 18% for
subsurface applications.
10. When wastewater residuals are applied, the Class B pathogen requirements as defined in 40
CFR Part 503 or the Process to Significantly Reduced Pathogens (PSRP) as defined in 40
CFR' Part 257 Appendix IL Additionally, an evaluation must be performed which
demonstrates the residuals ability to comply with this requirement. Upon request, a copy
of this evaluation must be submitted including all test results and calculations.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facilities and application sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover, as listed in condition 114, shall be maintained in accordance
with the crop management plan outlined by the local Extension Office of the Department of
Agriculture, or the Soil Conservation Service, or other agronomist, and approved by this
Division.
N

An acceptable pH must be maintained in the soil, residual and lime mixture, greater than
6.0, on all land application sites to insure optimum yield for the crop(s) specified below.
The agronomist shall provide information on the pH best suited for the specified crop and
the soil type.
4. The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
Crop PAN
(lb /acre/
Alfalfa
200
Bermuda Grass (Hay, Pasture)
220
Blue Grass
120
Corn (Grain)
160
Corn (Silage)
200
Cotton
70
Fescue
250
Forest (Hardwood & Softwood)
75
Milo
100
Small Grain (Wheat, barley, oats)
100
Sorghum, Sudex (Pasture)
180
Sorghum, Sudex (Silage)
220
Soybeans
200
Timothy, Orchard, & Rye Grass
200
5. No residuals other than the following are hereby
approved for land application in
accordance with this permit:
Permit Estimated
Source ounty
Number Volume (dry ton year)
Burlington Industries, Inc.
J. C. Cowan Plant WWTP and WTP Rutherford
NC0006025 417.0
6. Thelifetimeheavy metal loadings shall not exceed the following for the corresponding
Cation Exchange Capacities (CEC):
Lifetime Loadings abstacre)
7.
8.
9.
Parameter CEC < 5 CEC 5 - 15 CEC > 1
Lead 500 1000 2000
Zinc 250 500 1000
Copper 125 250 500
Nickel 125 250 500
Cadmium 4.5 9 18
Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee shall
employ a certified land application/residuals operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of
the land application program. The operator must hold a certificate of the type classification
assigned to the land application program by the Certification Commission. The Permittee
must also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type to comply with the
conditions of Title 15A NCAC 8A,.0202.
Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored residuals into any surface waters.
Surface applied residuals will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours after
application on lands with no cover crop established.
3

For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100 -year flood elevation, residuals may
be applied only during periods of dry weather. The residuals must be incorporated into the
soil within twenty-four (24) hours after application.
11. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application sites
during active site use and for the 12 -month period following the last residual application
event. Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the activities being
conducted at each site.
12. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from the residuals application area onto the adjacent property or into
any surface waters.
13. Residuals shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a rainfall
event of 1/2 -inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency residuals disposal measures must
first be approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
14. Residuals shall not be applied to any land application site that is flooded, frozen or snow-
covered.
15. Residuals shall not be applied at rates greater than agronomic rates, unless authorized by
the Division.
16. Animals shall not be grazed on an application site for 30 days after residuals application.
Application sites that are to be used for grazing shall have fencing that will be used to
prevent access after each application.
17. Food crops, feed crops and fiber crops that do not come in contact with the residuals shall
not be harvested for 30 days after residuals application.
18. Food crops with harvested parts that touch the residual/soil mixture and are totally above
the land surface (ex. tobacco, melons, cucumbers, squash, etc.) shall not be harvested for
14 months after residuals application.
19. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land (root crops such as potatoes,
carrots, radishes, etc.) shall not be harvested for 20 months after application of residuals
when the residuals remain on the land surface for four (4) months or longer prior to
incorporation into the soil.
20. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land shall not be harvested for 38
months after application of residuals when the residuals remain on the land surface for less
than four (4) months prior to incorporation into the soil.
21. Turf shall not be harvested for 1 year after residuals application if the turf is to be placed on
land with a high potential for public exposure.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REOI7IREMENT
1. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management to insure
protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable sampling and reporting
schedule shall be followed.
4

Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all application activities.
These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following information:
a) source of residuals
b) date of residual application
c) location of residual application (site, field, or zone #)
d) method of application
e) weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, raining, etc.)
f) soil conditions
g) type of crop or crops to be grown on field
h) volume of residuals applied in gallons/acre, dry tons/acre or kilograms/hectare
i) annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of residuals, annual and cumulative
poundslacre of each heavy metal (which shall include, but not be limited to cadmium,
copper, lead, nickel, and zinc), annual pounds/acre of plant available nitrogen (PAN),
and annual pounds/acre of phosphorus applied to each field.
3. A representative annual soils analysis (Standard Soil Fertility Analysis) shall be conducted
of each site receiving residuals in therespectivecalendar year and the results maintained on
file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.
The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis shall include, but is not necessarily limited to, the
following parameters:
Acidity Manganese ' Potassium
Calcium Percent Humic Matter Sodium
Copper pH Zinc
Magnesium Phosphorus
Base Saturation (by calculation)
Cation Exchange Capacity
The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis (see above) and an analysis for the following metals
shall be conducted once prior to permit renewal on soils from each site which has received
sludge during the permit cycle.
Cadmium Lead Nickel
4. A residuals analysis will be conducted annually from the date of permit issuance by the
Permittee and the results maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.
If land application occurs at a frequency less than annually, a residuals analysis will be
required for each instance of land application.
The residuals analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to the following
parameters:
Cadmium Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen
Copper % Total Solids
Lead pH
Nickel Phosphorus
Zinc Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
Aluminum Potassium
Ammonia -Nitrogen Sodium
Calcium TKN
Magnesium
5

A Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the
Permittee annually. The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters (please note
the regulatory level in mg/L in parentheses):
Arsenic (5.0)
Benzene (0.5)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Chlorobenzene (100.0)
Chromium (5.0)
m -Cresol (200.0)
Cresol (200.0)
1,4 -Dichlorobenzene (7.5)
1, 1 -Dichloroethylene (0.7)
Endrin (0.02)
Hexachlorobenzene(0.13)
Hexachloroethane (3.0)
Lindane (0.4)
Methoxychlor (10.0)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
Pyridine (5.0)
Silver (5.0)
Toxaphene (0.5)
2,4,5 -Trichlorophenol (400.0)
2,4,5 -TP (Silvex) (1.0)
Barium (100.0)
Cadmium (1.0)
Chlordane (0.03)
Chloroform (6.0)
o -Cresol (200.0)
p -Cresol (200.0)
2,4-D (10.0)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (0.13)
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (0.5)
Lead (5.0)
Mercury (0.2)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)
Pentachlorophenol (100.0)
Selenium (1.0)
Tetrachloroethylene (0.7)
Trichloroethylene (0.5)
2,4,6 -Trichlorophenol (2.0)
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
6. All residuals included in this permit must be monitored annually from the date of permit
issuance, for compliance with condition 110 of this permit. Data to verify stabilization of
the residuals must be maintained by the Permittee. The required data is specific to the
stabilization process utilized, but should be sufficient to clearly demonstrate compliance the
Class B pathogen requirements as defined in 40 CFR Part 503 or the Process to
Significantly Reduced Pathogens (PSRP) as defined in 40 CFR Part 257 Appendix II.
7. Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in
conditions 1111, 111 2, 111 3, 1114, I115, and I116 shall be submitted annually on or before
March 1 of the following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
8. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Asheville Regional Office, telephone number
[phone], as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next
working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the
following:
a. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the land application
of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a release of material to receiving
waters.
6

c. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate residual treatment
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting residuals to the
application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline
the actions taken or proposed to be to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
1. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high water
table is less than three feet below land surface.
2. The three (3) existing monitor wells designated as MW -1, MW -2, and MW -3, depicted on
the attached site map (Attachment A), shall be sampled every November for the following
parameters:
NO3 Chloride
Ammonia Nitrogen TDS
Water Level Orthophosphate
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables using EPA Method 625
Volatile Organic Compounds - using Method 602
The measurement of water levels must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters. The depth to water in each well shall be measured from the surveyed point on
the top of the casing.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all monitoring wells shall be surveyed to
provide the relative elevation of the measuring point for each monitoring well.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the Groundwater Section, Permits
and Compliance Unit, P.O. Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535 on Form GW -59
[Compliance Monitoring Report Form] every December.
3 The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations in
15A NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary is
for the disposal system constructed after December 31, 1983 is established at either (1) 250
feet from the waste disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is
closest to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or
beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate remediation action in addition to
the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute 143-215.6A(a)(1).
In accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around the
disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the
waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require
remediation action on the part of the permittee.
4. Any groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the Division, shall be
provided.
7

,<AECTIONS
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and application
facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which
may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a
nuisance. The Permittee shall maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the
date and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective
actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee
for a period of five years from the date of the inspection and shall be made available to the
Division of Environmental Management or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of Environmental
Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property,
premises or place on or related to the application site or facility at any reasonable time for
the purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect or copy any records
that must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; and may obtain samples of
groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried out in
accordance with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner
approved by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in
the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the
facilities to change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request
must be submitted to the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an
application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting materials as
may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its merits and may
or may not be approved.
4. The following are approved sites for residuals application (see attached map(s)):
Application Area [acres].
Site No. Owner/Lessee (xcludin buffers)
2A-1 Raleigh Spratt 36.1
13A-1
13A-2
13A-3
13A-4
13A-5
13A-6
13A-7
1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
Henry Edwards
Henry Edwards
Henry Edwards
Henry Edwards
Henry Edwards
Henry Edwards
Henry Edwards
Guss L. Walker
Guss L. Walker
Guss L. Walker
Guss L. Walker
M
10.9
3.1
4.5
1.6
23.9
7.3
7.1
5.0
4.8
10.0
8.0

`'.y-Apphcation Area [acres]
Site No. Owner/Lessee(excluding buffers)
2-1 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 17.0
2-2 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 2.0
2-3 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 5.0
2-4 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 8.5
2-5 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 12.0
2-6 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 5.5
2-7 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 10.0
3-1 Kermit Pannell 3.0
3-2 Kermit Pannell 30.0
3-3 Kermit Pannell 14.0
3-4 Kermit Pannell 8.5
4-1 Jim Ledbetter 33.0
4-2 Jim Ledbetter 4.0
5-2 Jim Ledbetter 4.5
5-3 Jim Ledbetter 5.0
5-4 Jim Ledbetter 12.5
6-1 Max Burgin 33.0
6-2 Max Burgin 10.5
7-3 Max Burgin 21.5
7-4 Max Burgin 35.0
8-5 Max Burgin 19.0
8-6 Max Burgin 15.5
8-7 Max Burgin 17.0
TOTAL AVAILABLE ACRES 448.3
5. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental Management in
accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-2.15.6(a) to 143-215.6(c).
6. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty
(30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause
the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205
(c)(4).
7. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and
all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
8. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the
facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time
and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
9. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental Management deems
necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and public health.
E

This permit shall become voidable unless the agreemen between the Permittee and the
landowners/lessees are in full force and effect. The land owner agreements are considered
expired concurrent with the expiration date of the permit and must be renewed at the same
time the permit is renewed.
Permit issued this the tenth day of August, 1994
NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
62im Lo . !r& O-C2,�-L- �L k
A. Presto Howard, Jr., .E., Director
Division 6f Environmental Management
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit No. WQ0002007

�.� BURLINGTON INDUSTRIES - FOREST CITY,
\''! f RUTHERFORD COUNTY
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Environmental Waste Disoosai. ;n�
P.O. Box 170 • Advance, NC 27CC6 • 919) 998-3164
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- __

'Ah Carofini_ !
rent of Envirtr i cent,
ai and Natural Resources
vision of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary ID F
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director H
December 29, 1993
CERTIFIED MAIL- RETURN RECEIPT REOUESTED
Philip H. Klein, Director of Engineering
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Post Office Box 21207
Greensboro, North Carolina 27420
Dear Mr. Klein:
Subject: Permit No. WQ0002007
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Land Application of Sludge
Rutherford County
Upon reviewing the subject permit issued to Burlington Industries, Inc. on October 13, 1993, the
Division has determined that in order to clarify the monitoring requirements in the Groundwater
Conditions, the permit should be amended. Therefore, Groundwater Condition No. IV 2 has been
amended by deleting the references to EPA Method 623D and EPA Method 502.2 which were not required
in the subject permit. The Divsion is forwarding herewith Permit No. WQ0002007 as amended, dated
December 29, 1993, to Burlington Industries, Inc. for the continued operation of a land application of
sludge program.
This permit shall be effective sixty (60) days from the date of your receipt, until December 31,
1994, shall void Permit No. WQ0002007 issued October 13, 1993 and shall be subject to the conditions
and limitations as specified therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring requirements in this
permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational
information will result in future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days following receipt of this
permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North
Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447,
Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concernin=thir,please contact Mr. Michael D. Allen at
[phone].
1 J _ J
cc: Rutherford County Health Department
Environmental Waste Recycling, Inc.
Asheville Regional Office, Water Quality Secti
Asheville Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Jack Floyd, Groundwater Section Central Office
Training and Certification Unit
FacilitiesAssessment Unit
ston Hord, Jr:, I
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% rec3 '_a+J>" 0% post -consumer paper

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
SLUDGE LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Rutherford County
FOR THE
continued operation of a sludge land application program consisting of the application of approximately
367.0 dry tons per year of sludge from the Burlington Industries, Inc.'s Cowan Plant wastewater
treatment facility and water treatment facility to approximately 501.3 acres of land in Rutherford County
with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the application received August 6, 1993,
and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and
approved by the Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources and considered a part of this
permit.
This permit shall be effective sixty (60) days from the date of your receipt, until December 31,
1994, shall void Permit No. WQ0002007 issued October 13, 1993 and shall be subject to the following
specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARD
1. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately absorb the wastes and may
be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner which will protect
the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and ground waters.
2. The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -
discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this
program.
3 The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages
to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this facility.
4. In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including the
creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying sludge to the sites and
take any immediate corrective actions, including the construction of additional or
replacement wastewater treatment or disposal facilities.
1

No crops for,,.: 'ect human consumption shall be rais ` on these sites for a period of 18
months following sludge application.
6. Maximum slope for sludge application shall be 10% for surface application and 18% for
subsurface applications.
7. The following buffer zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
surface application method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced
to a minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and the appropriate
DEM regional office;
b) 200 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
injection method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a
minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and the appropriate DEM
regional office;
c) 100 feet from "SA and SB" classified waters and public surface water supplies for
both methods,
d) 50 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes, rivers, and
surface water drainage ways for injection method,
e) 100 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes, rivers and
surface water drainage ways for surface application method,
f) 50 feet from property lines for both methods; however, this requirement may be
reduced upon written concurrence from the adjoining property owner and the
appropriate DEM regional office,
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for surface application methods, .
h) 25 feet from public right of ways for subsurface disposal methods,
i) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both
methods,
j) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater
drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both methods.
Some of the buffers specified above may not have been included in previous permits
for this land application operation. Any sites or fields that are included in this permit,
but were approved with different applicable buffers, will continue to be regulated by
those originally approved buffers. All new sites and fields will be regulated by the
buffers specified above.
8. A copy of this permit shall be kept at the land application site when sludge is being applied
during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be kept in all sludge
transport and application vehicles.
9. All sludges included in this permit must be stabilized by a process to significantly reduce
pathogens (as described in 40 CFR Part 257, Appendix II) prior to application or
incorporation. An evaluation of all sludges as specified in condition II 4 must be conducted
as to their ability to demonstrate compliance with this requirement. Upon request, a copy
of this report must be submitted to the Assistant Chief for Operations, Division of
Environmental Management, Water Quality Section, Operations Branch, PO Box 29535,
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535.
10. Specific sludge application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior to and
during sludge application.
11. No sludge at any time shall be stored at any application site.
2

e-ERATIQN ANL 1VIAINIENANCE REO IRE.MF,
1. The facilities and disposal sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover as listed in condition Il 3, shall be maintained in accordance
with the crop management plan approved by this Division.
3. The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
Cjol? PAN (ibs/acm6T&rl
Coastal Bermuda Grass 350
Corn (Silage & Grain) 200
Cotton 100
Fescue 250
Small Grain (Wheat, barley, milo, oats) 100
Sorghum 120
Soybeans 150
Timothy, Orchard, & Rye Grass 200
4. No sludges other than the following are hereby approved for land application in accordance
with this permit:
Permit Estimated
Source County Number Volume (ft tons/vear)
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Cowan Plant WWTP Rutherford WQ0002007 84.0
Cowan Plant WTP Rutherford NC0006025 283.0
5. The lifetime heavy metal loadings shall not exceed the following for the corresponding
Cation Exchange Capacities (CEC):
Lifetime Loadings ab /s acre)
ParameterCEC <
Lead 500
Zinc 250
Copper 125
Nickel 125
Cadmium 4.5
6. Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee shall
employ a certified wastewater treatment plant operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of
the wastewater treatment facilities. The operator must hold a certificate of the type and
grade at least equivalent to or greater than the classification assigned to the wastewater
treatment facilities by the Certification Commission. The Permittee must also employ a
certified back-up operator of the appropriate type and grade to comply with the conditions
of Title 15A, Chapter 8A, .0202. The ORC of the facility must visit each Class I facility at
least weekly and each Class II, III, and IV facility at least daily, excluding weekends and
holidays, and must properly manage and document daily operation and maintenance of the
facility and must comply with all other conditions of Title 15A, Chapter 8A, .0202.
7. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored sludge material into any surface waters,
8. Animals shall not be grazed on sludge applied land within a 30 -day period following the
sludge application. Application sites that are to be used for grazing shall have fencing that
will be used to prevent access after each application.
3

Surface apph%sludge will be plowed or disced w ., twenty-four '(24) hours after
application on lands with no cover crop established.
10. For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100 -year flood elevation, sludge may be
applied only during periods of dry weather. The sludge must be incorporated into the soil
within twenty-four (24) hours of application.
11. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application sites
during active site use and for the 12 -month period following the last sludge application
event. Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the activities being
conducted at each site.
12. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from the sludge application area onto the adjacent property or into the
surface waters.
13. Sludge shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a rainfall event
of 1/2 -inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency sludge disposal measures must first be
approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
14. The site shall be adequately limed to a soil pH of at least 6.5 prior to sludge application.
Sludge may be applied to sites with a pH of less than 6.5 provided a sufficient amount of
lime is also applied to achieve a final pH of the lime, sludge and soil mixture of at least 6.5.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, sludge, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management to insure
protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable sampling and reporting
schedule shall be followed. If monitoring data indicates minimal or no concern to the
Division, reduction of monitoring requirements may pursued after two annual reporting
periods.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all disposal activities. These
records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following information:
a) source of sludge
b) date of sludge application
c) location of sludge application (site, field, or zone #)
d) method of application
e) weather conditions
f) soil conditions
g) type of crop or crop to be grown on field
h) volume of sludge applied in gallons/acre and dry tons/acre
i) annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of sludge, annual and cumulative
pounds/acre of each heavy metal (which shall include, but not be limited to lead,
nickel, cadmium, copper and zinc), annual pounds/acre of plant available nitrogen
(PAN), and annual pounds/acre of phosphorus applied to each field
4

A representa&e annual soils analysis (Standard Soil Fertility Analysis) shall be conducted
of each site receiving sludge in the respective calendar year and the results maintained on
file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years. The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis
shall include, but is not necessarily limited to, the following parameters:
Base Saturation Manganese
Magnesium Cation Exchange Capacity
Phosphorus
Sodium
Potassium
Nickell
Leads
Cadmiuml
Zinc
Copper
pH
Calcium
4.
1 Soils analysis for these parameters shall be conducted once prior to permit renewal of
soils from each site which has received sludge during the permit cycle.
A quarterly sludge analysis and annual Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedun
(TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee and the results maintained on file bi,
the Permittee for a minimum of five years. If land application occurs at a frequency les;
than quarterly, sludge analysis will be required for each instance of land application.
The sludge analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to the following parameters:
total solids Magnesium
Chlorides Sulfate
Phosphorus Potassium
Lead Zinc
Copper Nickel
Cadmium Chromium
Sodium Calcium
Total Nitrogen Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen pH
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters:
Arsenic
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorobenzene
Chromium
m -Cresol
Cresol
1,4 -Dichlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethylene
Endrin
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloroethane
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Nitrobenzene
Pyridine
Silver
Toxaphene
2,4,5 -Trichlorophenol
2,4,5 -TP (Silvex)
5
Barium
Cadmium
Chlordane
Chloroform
o -Cresol
p -Cresol
2,4-D
1,2-Dichloroethane
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene
Lead
Mercury
Methyl ethyl ketone
Pentachlorophenol
Selenium
Tetrachloroethylene
Trichloroethylene
2,4,6 -Trichlorophenol
Vinyl chloride

All sludges inc uded in this permit must be monitored for compliance with condition 110 of
this permit. Data to verify stabilization by a process to significantly reduce pathogens (as
described in 40 CFR Part 257, Appendix lI) must be maintained by the Permittee. The
required data is specific to the stabilization process utilized, but should be sufficient to
clearly demonstrate compliance with 40 CFR Part 257.
6. Three copies of all monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in conditions III 1,
ffi 2, III 3, III 4, and III 5 shall be submitted annually on or before March l of the
following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
7. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Asheville Regional Office, telephone number
[phone], as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next
working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the
following:
a.. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the land application
of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a release of sludge material to
receiving waters.
c. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the system was designed
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate sludge treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting sludge to the
application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline
the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
1. Within ninety (90) days of permit issuance, the permittee shall submit two original copies
of a'scaled topographic map (scale no greater than 1:100) signed and sealed by a
professional engineer or a state licensed land surveyor that indicates all of the following
information:
a. the layout of the waste disposal field(s),that have accompanying monitoring wells,
including property boundaries,
b. the location and identity of each monitoring well,
c. the latitude and longitude of each monitoring well,
d. the relative elevation of the top of the well casing (which shall be known as the
"measuring point"),
6

e. and the depth of water below the measuring point at the time the measuring point is
established.
The maps shall be sent to the Groundwater Section, N.C. Division of Environmental
Management, Post Office Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535.
2. The 'three -(3) existing monitor wells shall be sampled every November for the following
parameters:
NO3 Ammonia Nitrogen
TDS Orthophosphate
Chloride Water Level
Total Suspended Solids
Volatile Organic Compounds - using EPA Method 602
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables - using EPA Method 625
The measurement of water level must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters. The depth of water in each well shall be measured from the surveyed point on
the top of the casing.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all monitoring wells shall be surveyed to
provide relative elevations of the measuring point for each of the monitoring wells.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the N.C. Division of
Environmental Management, Post Office Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535 on Form
GW-59(Compliance Monitoring Report Form) every December.
3. Any additional groundwater quality monitoring as deemed necessary by the Division of
Environmental Management shall be provided.
4. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high water
table is less than three feet below land surface.
5. The Compliance Boundary for the disposal system is specified by regulations in 15 NCAC
2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary is established
at either (1) 250 feet from the waste disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property
boundary, whichever is closet to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater
Quality Standards at or beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate
remediation action on addition to the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute
143-215.6A(a)(1).
Also in accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around
the disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the
waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require
remediation action on the part of the permittee.
V . INSPECTIONS
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the sludge storage, transport, and disposal
facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which
may cause or lead to the release ofwastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a
nuisance. The Permittee shall keep an inspection log or summary including at least the date
and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective
actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee
for a period of three years from the date of the inspection and shall be made available upon
request by the Division of Environmental Management or other permitting authority.
7

(Rg
Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of Environmental
lvlanagement may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property,
premises or place on or related to the disposal site and facility at any reasonable time for the
purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect or copy any records that
must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; or may obtain samples of
groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried out in
accordance with the conditions of this permit and in the manner approved by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in
the application and other supporting data..
3. This permit is not transferable. In the event there is a desire for the facilities to change
ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must be submitted to
the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an application fee,
documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting materials as may be
appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its merits and may or may
not be approved.
4. This permit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee and the
landowners/lessees are in full force and effect.
5. The following are approved sites for sludge application (see attached map(s)):
Application Area [acres]
Site No. Ownerliessee (excluding buffers)
2A Raleigh Spratt 41.0 (includes buffers)
13A Henry Edwards 106.5 (includes buffers)
1-1 Guss L. Walker 50
1-2 Guss L. Walker 4.8
1-3 Guss L. Walker 10.0
1-4 Guss L. Walker 8.0
2-1 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 17.0
2-2 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 2.0
2-3 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 5.0
2-4 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 8.5
2-5 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 12.0
2-6 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 5.5
2-7 Kenneth and Mary Pannell 10.0
3-1 Kermit Pannell 3.0
3-2 Kermit Pannell 30.0
3-3 Kermit Pannell 14.0
3-4 Kermit -Pannell 8.5
4-1 Jim Ledbetter 33.0
4-2 Jim Ledbetter 4.0
8

Application Area [acres]
Site bio. Owner/Lessee (excluding buffers)
5-2 Jim Ledbetter 4.5
5-3 Jim Ledbetter 5.0
5-4 Jim Ledbetter 12.5
6-1 Max Burgin 33.0
6-2 Max Burgin 10.5
7-3 Max Burgin 21.5
7-4 Max Burgin 35.0
8-5 Max Burgin 19.0
8-6 Max Burgin 15.5
8-7 Max Burgin 17.0
TOTAL ACRES 501.3
6. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental Management in
accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6A to 143-215.6C.
7. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty
(30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause
the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205
(c)(4).
8. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and
all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
9. A set of approved documents for the subject project must be retained by the applicant for
the life of the permit.
10. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the
facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time
and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
11. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental Management deems
necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and public health.
Permit issued this the 29th day of December, 1993
TPreston
ROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
oward, P. ., it ctonvironmen g me ty of the Environment anagement Commission
Permit No. WQ0002007

,aorth Carolina
anent of Environment,
.with
and Natural Resources 4 •
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director~
October 13, 1993 . .
Philip H. Klein, Director of Engineering
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Post Office Box 21207
Greensboro, North Carolina 27420
Dear Mr. Klein:
In accordance with your application received August 6, 1993, we are forwarding herewith Permit
No. WQ0002007, dated October 13, 1993, to Burlington Industries, Inc. for the continued operation of a
land application of sludge program. This permit amendment was requested by. Burlington Industries, Inc.
to incorporate approximately 283.0 dry tons per year of alum sludge from the Cowan Plant's Water
Treatment Facility (NC0006025) into the existing land application program.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until December 31 1994, shall void Permit
No. WQ0002007 issued June 12, 1991 and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified
therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring requirements in this permit. Failure to establish an
adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational information will result in future
compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable to you, you have
the right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days following receipt of this
permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North
Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447,
Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. Michael D. Allen at
[phone].
Sincerely, , n
O wqlr-a . .
A. Pres@n Howard, Jr., P.E.
cc: Rutherford County Health Department
Environmental Waste Recycling, Inc.
sheville Regional Office, Water Quality Section
hev lle Regi®nal Office, Groundwater Section
Jack Floyd, Groundwater Section Central Office
Training and Certification Unit
Facilities Assessment Unit
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
SLUDGE LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Rutherford County
FOR THE
continued operation of a sludge land application program consisting of the application of approximately
367.0 dry tons per year of sludge from the Burlington Industries,Inc.'s Cowan Plant wastewater
treatment facility and water treatment facility to approximately 501.3 acres of land in Rutherford County
with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the application received August 6, 1993,
and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and
approved by the Department of Environment, Health and Natural' Resources and considered apart of this
permit
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until December 31, 1994, shall void Permit
No. WQ0002007 issued June 12, 1991 and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and
limitations:
' ,' i►WNTE 0114,11111 M
1. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately absorb the wastes and may
be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner which will protect
the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and ground waters.
2. The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -
discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this
programa
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages
to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this facility.
4. In the event that the land application program isnot operated satisfactorily, including the
creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying sludge to the sites and
take any immediate corrective actions, including the construction of additional or
replacement wastewater treatment or disposal facilities.
1

�. No crops for direct human consumption shall be raised on these sites for a period of 18
months following sludge application.
6. Maximum slope for sludge application shall be 100/c for surface application and 18% for
subsurface applications.
7. The following buffer zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
surface application method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced
to a minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and the appropriate
DEM regional office,
b) 200 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
injection method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a
minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner, and the appropriate DEM
regional office,
c) 100 feet from "SA and SB" classified waters and public surface water supplies for
both methods,
d) 50 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes, rivers, and
surface water drainage ways for injection method,
e) 100 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes, rivers and
surface water drainage ways for surface application method,
f) 50 feet from property lines for both methods; however, this requirement may be
reduced upon written concurrence from the adjoining property owner and the
appropriate DEM regional office,
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for surface application methods,
h) 25 feet from public right of ways for subsurface disposal methods,
i) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both
methods,
j) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater
drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both methods.
Some of the buffers specified above may not have been included in previous permits
for this land application operation. Any sites or fields that are included in this permit,
but were approved with different applicable buffers, will continue to be regulated by
those originally approved buffers. All new sites and fields will be regulated by the
buffers specified above.
8. A copy of this permit shall be kept at the land application site when sludge is being applied
during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be kept in all sludge
transport and application vehicles.
9. All sludges included in this permit must be stabilized by a process to significantly reduce
pathogens (as described in 40 CFR Part 257, Appendix II) prior to application or
incorporation. An evaluation of all sludges as specified in condition H 4 must be conducted
as to their ability to demonstrate compliance with this requirement. Upon request, a copy
of this report must be submitted to the Assistant Chief for Operations, Division of
Environmental Management, Water Quality Section, Operations Branch, PO Box 29535,
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535.
10. Specific sludge application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior to and
during sludge application.
11. No sludge at any time shall be stored at any application site.
2

F�, r
1. The facilities and disposal sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover as listed in condition 113, shall be maintained in accordance
with the crop management plan approved by this Division.
3. The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
Cron PAN
(lbs/acre%yeari
Coastal Bermuda Grass
350
Corn (Silage & Grain)
200
Cotton
100
Fescue
250
Small Grain (Wheat, barley, milo, oats)
100
Sorghum
120
Soybeans
150
Timothy, Orchard, & Rye Grass
200
4. No sludges other than the following are hereby approved for land application in accordance
with this permit:•
Permit Estimated
Source =nty
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Number Volume (dry ton /=ear)
Cowan Plant WWTP Rutherford
WQ0002007 84.0
Cowan Plant WTP Rutherford
NC0006025 283.0
5. The lifetime heavy metal loadings shall not exceed the following for the corresponding
Cation Exchange Capacities (CEC):
Lifetime Loadings abs/acre)
Parameter CEC < 5
Lead 500
Zinc 250
Copper 125
Nickel 125
Cadmium 4.5
6. Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the 'Permittee shall
employ a certified wastewater treatment plant operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of
the wastewater treatment facilities. The operator must hold a certificate of the type and
grade at least equivalent to or greater than the classification assigned to the wastewater
treatment facilities by the Certification Commission. The Permittee must also employ a
certified back-up operator of the appropriate type and grade to comply with the conditions
of Title 15A, Chapter 8A, .0202. The ORC of the facility must visit each Class I facility at
least weekly and each Class H, III, and IV facility at least daily, excluding weekends and
holidays, and must properly manage and document daily operation and maintenance of the.
facility and must comply with all other conditions of Title 15A, Chapter 8A,.0202.
7. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored sludge material into any surface waters.
8. Animals shall not be grazed on sludge applied land within a 30 -day period following the
sludge application. Application sites that are to be used for grazing shall have fencing that
will be used to prevent access after each application.
3

Y. Surface applied sludge will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours after
application on lands with no cover crop established
10. For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100 -year flood elevation, sludge may be
applied only during periods of dry weather. The sludge must be incorporated into the soil
within twenty-four (24) hours of application.
11. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application sites
during active site use and for the 12 -month period following the last sludge application
event. Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the activities being
conducted at each site.
12. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from the sludge application area onto the adjacent property or into the
surface waters.
13. Sludge shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a rainfall event
of 1/2 -inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency sludge disposal measures must first be
approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
14. The site shall be adequately limed to a soil pH of at least 6.5 prior to sludge application.
Sludge may be applied to sites with a pH of less than 6.5 provided a sufficient amount of
lime is also applied to achieve a final pH of the lime, sludge and soil mixture of at least 6.5.
III. M
1. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, sludge, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management to insure
protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable sampling and reporting
schedule shall be followed. If monitoring data indicates minimal or no concern to the
Division, reduction of monitoring requirements may be pursued after two annual reporting
periods.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all disposal activities. These
records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following information:
a) source of sludge
b) date of sludge application
c) location of sludge application (site, field, or zone #)
d) method of application
e) weather conditions
f) soil conditions
g) type of crop or crop to be grown on field
h) volume of sludge applied in gallons/acre and dry tons/acre
i) annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of sludge, annual and cumulative
pounds/acre of each heavy metal (which shall include, but not be limited to lead,
nickel, cadmium, copper and zinc), annual pounds/acre of plant available nitrogen
(PAN), and annual pounds/acre of phosphorus applied to each field
4

J. A re resentativ
p e annual soils analysis (Standard Soil Fertility Analysis) shall be conducted
of each site receiving sludge in the respective calendar year and the results maintained on
file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years. The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis
shall include, but is not necessarily limited to, the following parameters:
% Base Saturation Manganese
Magnesium Cation Exchange Capacity
Phosphorus Sodium
Potassium Nickell
Leadl Cadmiuml
Zoic Copper
pH Calcium
1 Soils analysis for these parameters shall be conducted once prior to permit renewal on
soils from each site which has received sludge during the permit cycle.
4. A quarterly sludge analysis and annual Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
(TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee and the results maintained on file by
the Permittee for a minimum of five years. If land application occurs at a frequency less
than quarterly, sludge analysis will be required for each instance of land application.
The sludge analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to the following parameters:
total solids
Magnesium
Chlorides
Sulfate
Phosphorus
Potassium
Lead
Zinc
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Sodium
Calcium
Total Nitrogen
Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen
pH
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters:
Arsenic
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlorobenzene
Chromium
m -Cresol
Cresol
1,4 -Dichlorobenzene
1,1-Dichloroethylene
Endrin
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloroethane
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Nitrobenzene
Pyridine
Silver
Toxaphene
2,4,5 -Trichlorophenol
2,4,5 -TP (Silvex)
5
Barium
Cadmium
Chlordane
Chloroform
o -Cresol
p -Cresol
2,4-D
12-Dichloroethane
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene
Lead
Mercury
Methyl ethyl ketone
Pentachlorophenol
Selenium
Tetrachloroethylene
Trichloroethylene
2,4,6 -Trichlorophenol
Vinyl chloride

All sludges included in this permit must be monitored for compliance with condition 110 of
this permit. Data to verify stabilization by a process to significantly reduce pathogens (as
described in 40 CFR Part 257, Appendix 11) must be maintained by the Permittee. The
required data is specific to the stabilization process utilized, but should be sufficient to
clearly demonstrate compliance with 40 CFR Part 257.
6. Three copies of all monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in conditions III 1,
III 2, 111 3, III 4, and 111 5 shall be submitted annually on or before March 1 of the
following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
7. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Asheville Regional Office, telephone number
[phone], as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next
working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the
following:
a. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the land
application of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or.
characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a release of sludge material
to receiving waters.
c. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate sludge treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting sludge to the
application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline
the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
1. Within ninety (90) da'y's of permit issuance, the permittee shall submit two original copies
of a scaled topographic map (scale no greater than 1:100) signed and sealed by a
professional engineer or a state licensed land surveyor that indicates all of the following
information:
a. the layout of the waste disposal field(s) that have accompanying monitoring wells,
including property boundaries,
b. the location and identity of each monitoring well,
c. the latitude and longitude of each monitoring well,
d. the relative elevation of the top of the well casing (which shall be known as the
"measuring point"),
6

e. and the depth of water below the measuring point at the time the measuring point is
established.
The maps shall be sent to the Groundwater Section, N.C. Division of Environmental
Management, Post Office Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535.
2 The three (3) existing monitor wells shall be sampled every November for the following
parameters:
NO3 Ammonia Nitrogen
TDS Orthophosphate
Chloride Water Level
Total Suspended Solids
Volatile Organic Compounds - using EPA Method 602
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables - using EPA Method 625
Method. 1: Method 6230D (Capillary - Column), "Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater", 17th edition, 1989
Method 2: Method 502.2 "Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in
Drinking Water", United States Environmental Protection Agency - 600/4-
88/039
The measurement of water level must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters. The depth of water in each well shall be measured from the surveyed point on
the top of the casing.
The measuring points (top of well easing) of all monitoring wells shall be surveyed to
provide relative elevations of the measuring point for each of the monitoring wells.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the N.C. Division of
Environmental Management, Post Office Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535 on Form
GW -59 (ComplianceMonitoring Report Form) every December.
3. Any additional groundwater quality monitoring as deemed necessary by the Division of
Environmental Management shall be provided.
4. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high water
table is less than three feet below land surface.
5. The Compliance Boundary for the disposal system is specified by regulations in 15 NCAC
2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary is established
at either (1) 250 feet from the waste disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property
boundary, whichever is closet to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater
Quality Standards at or beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate
remediation action on addition to the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute
143-215.6A(a)(1).
Also in accordance with 15A NCAC 2L,`a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around
the disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the
waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require
remediation action on the part of the permittee.
7

1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the sludge storage, transport, and disposal
facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which
may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a
nuisance. a Permittee shall keep an inspection log or summary including at least the date
and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective
actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee
for a period of three years from the date of the inspection and shall be made available upon
request by the Division of Environmental Management or other permitting authority.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of Environmental
Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property,
premises or place on or related to the disposal site and facility at any reasonable time for the
purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect or copy any records that
must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; or may obtain samples of
groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried out in
accordance with the conditions of this permit and in the manner approved by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in
the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not transferable. In the event there is a desire for the facilities to change
ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must be submitted to
the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an application fee,
documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting materials as may be
appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its merits and may or may
not be approved.
4. This permit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee and the
landowners/lessees are in full force and effect.
5. The following are approved sites for sludge application (see attached map(s)):
Application Area [acres]
Site No. Owner/Le se
(excluding buffers
2A Raleigh Spratt
41.0 (includes buffers)
13A Henry Edwards
106.5 (includes buffers)
1-1 Guss L. Walker
5.0
1=2 Guss L. Walker
4.8
1-3 Guss L. Walker
10.0
1-4 Guss L. Walker
8.0
8

i
Site No.
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
Area [acres]
Kenneth and Mary Pannell
17.0
Kenneth and Mary Pannell
2.0
Kenneth and Mary Pannell
5.0
Kenneth and Mary Pannell
8.5
Kenneth and Mary Pannell
12.0
Kenneth and Mary Pannell
5.5
Kenneth and Mary Pannell
10.0
Kermit Pannell
3.0
Kermit Pannell
30.0
Kermit Pannell
14.0
Kermit Pannell
8.5
4.1 Jim Ledbetter 33.0
4-2 Jim Ledbetter 4.0
5-2 Jim Ledbetter 4.5
5-3 Jim Ledbetter 5.0
5.4 Jim Ledbetter 12.5
6-1 Max Burgin 33.0
6-2 Max Burgin 10.5
7-3 Max Burgin 21.5
7-4 Max Burgin 35.0
8-5 Max Burgin 19.0
8-6 Max Burgin 15.5
8-7 Max Burgin 17.0
TOTAL ACRES 501.3
6. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental Management in
accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6A to 143-215.6C.
7. The annual administering and compliance fee must be ,paid by the Permittee within thirty
(30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause
the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205
(c)(4)•
8 The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and
all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
9. A set of approved documents for the subject project must be retained by the applicant for
the life of the permit.
10. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the
facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time
and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
6

This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental Management deems
necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and public health.
Permit issued this the 13th day of October, 1993
NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
A. Preston oward, Jr., P.g., Director
Division of tnviromnental Management
By Authority of the Environmental Manageme Commission
Permit No. WQ0002007
10

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State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
512 North Salisbury Street • Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
James G. Martin, Governor A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.
William W. Cobey, Jr., Secretary Acting Director
MEMORANDUM
To: Training and Certification Unit
From: Michael D. Allen, State Engineering Review Group
Subject: WQ0002007
Date: October 13,1993
Please be advised that no rating sheet is needed because this is an amendment to
Burlington Industriesexisting land application permit.
Regional Offices
Asheville Fayetteville Mooresville Raleigh Washington Wilmington Winston-Salem
704/251-6208 919/486-1541 704/663-1699 919/733-2314 919/946-6481 919/395-3900 919/896-7007
Pollution Prevention Pays
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone 919-733=7015
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer

V__.0
State of North Carolina Ashevilie Regional Of'14
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources Asheville, forth Caroline
Division of Environmental Management
512 North Salisbury Street • Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
James G. Martin, Governor
William W. Cobey, Jr., Secretary
Mr. Philip H. Klein,
Director Corporate Engineering
Burlington Industries, Incorporated
Post Office Box 670
Forest City, North Carolina 28043
Dear Mr. Klein:
June 12, 1991
George T. Everett, Ph.D.
Director
Subject: Permit No. WQ0002007
Burlington Industries, Incorporated
J. C. Cowan Plant
Land Application of Sludge
Rutherford County
In accordance with your application received March 21, 1991, we are forwarding herewith
Permit No. WQ0002007, dated June 12, 1991, to. Burlington Industries, Incorporated for the
operation of a land application of sludge program. This amendment consists of the addition of
new sites to the land application program.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until December 31, 1994, and shall
be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein. Please pay particular attention to
the monitoring requirements in this permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collectins
and maintaining the required operational information will result in future compliance problems.
Issuance of this permit hereby voids Permit No. WQ0002007 issued January 22, 1990.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable to you,
you have the right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days
following receipt of this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition,
conforming to Chapter 150B of North Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of
Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447, Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands
are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. John
Seymour at 919/ 733-5083.
cc: Rutherford County Health Department v
Environmental Waste Disposal, Inc.
Asheville Regional Office
Groundwater Section
4 Training and Certification
Pollulion Prevention Payr
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone]
�`:i An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer

f
NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
SLUDGE LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North
Carolina as amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Burlington Industries, Inc. - J. C. Cowan Plant
Rutherford County
FOR THE
operation of a sludge land application program consisting of the land application of 1,000,000
gallons of sludge per year from the J. C. Cowan Wastewater Treatment Facility to the lands
described in condition No. VI.6 of this permit with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters,
pursuant to the application received March 21, 1991 and in conformity with the project plan,
specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department of
Environment, Health and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until December 31, 1994, and shall be
subject to the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. The Asheville Regional Office, phone no. 704/ 251-6208, and the appropriate local
governmental official (county manager/city manager) shall be notified at least
twenty-four (24) hours prior to the initial application of the sludge on the new lands
so that an inspection can be made of the application sites and application method.
Such notification to the regional supervisor shall be made during the normal office
hours from 8:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. on Monday through Friday, excluding State
Holidays. Also the Rutherford County Manager's office must be notified prior to
the initial application so that they will be aware that the operation has commenced.
2. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately absorb tine wastes
and may be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner -
which will protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and
ground waters.
3 The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a
non -discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from tine
operation of this program.
4. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for
damages to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this facility.

In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily,
includin(the creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying
sludge to the sites and take any immediate corrective actions, including the
construction of additional or replacement wastewater treatment or disposal facilities.
6. No crops for direct human consumption shall be raised on these sites fora period of
18 months following sludge application.
7. Maximum slope for sludge application shall be 10% for surface applic:<tion and
18% for subsurface applications.
8. The following buffers zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences under separate ownership for surface ap-licatioll
method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a miimum of
100 feet upon written consent of the owner,
b) 200 feet from residences under separate ownership for injection method;
however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a minimum of 100 feet
upon written consent of the owner,
c) 100 feet from "SA and SB" classified waters and public surface water supplies
for both methods,
d) 50 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes, rivers,
and surface water drainage ways for injection method,
e) 100 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lak.s, rivers
and surface water drainage ways for surface application method,
f) 100 feet from property lines for both methods; however, this requirerlent may
be reduced upon written concurrence from the adjoining property owner,
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for surface application methods,
h) 25 feet from public right of ways for subsurface disposal methods,
i) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversion -s for both
methods, _
J) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions,
groundwater drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both methods.
9. A copy of this permit shall be kept at the land application site when sludgy is being
applied during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plat: shall be
kept in all sludge transport and application vehicles.
10. All sludges included in this permit must be stabilized by a process to significantly
reduce pathogens (as described in 40 CFR Part 257, Appendix Il) prior to
application or incorporation. An evaluation of all sludges as specified in condition
II 4 must be conducted as to their ability to demonstrate compliance with this
requirement. A copy of this report must be submitted to the Assistant Chief for
Operations, Division of Environmental Management, Water Quality Section,
Operations Branch, PO Box 29535, Raleigh, NC 27626-0535.
11. Specific sludge application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on ach site
prior to and during sludge application.
12. No sludge at any time shall be stored at any application site
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
The facilities and disposal sites shall be properly maintained and opera ted at all
times.
2

3
Ell
5
A suitable vegetative cover as listed in condition II 3, shall be maintained in
accordance with the crop management plan approved by this Division.
The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
Crops
Wheat (small grain)
Barley (small grain)
Milo (small grain)
Oats (small grain)
Soybeans
Corn (silage and grain)
Alfalfa
Sorghum
Sudex (silage)
Sudex (hay)
Fescue grass
Timothy grass
Orchard grass
Rye grass
Blue grass
Coastal Bermuda grass
Cotton
Forest areas (hard and soft woods)
PAN (lbs/acre1,vear)
100
100
100
100
150
200
250
120
200
160
250
200
200
200
220
350
100
75
No sludges other than the following are hereby approved for land application in
accordance with this permit:
Permit Estimated
Source County Number Volume ( al, lons/vear)
J.C. Cowan Rutherford NC0006025 1,000,000
Plant
The lifetime heavy metal loadings shall not exceed the following for the
corresponding Cation Exchange Capacities (CEC):
Parameter CEC < 5
Lead (lbs/acre) 500
Zinc (lbs/acre) 250
Copper'(lbs/acre) 125
Nickel (lbs/acre) 125
Cadmium (lbs/acre) 4.5
6. Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee
shall employ a certified wastewater treatment plant operator to be in responsible
charge of the wastewater treatment facilities. The operator must hold a certificate of
the type and grade at least equivalent to the classification assigned to the wastewater
treatment facilities by the Certification Commission.
7. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored sludge material into any surface waters.
S. Animals shall not be grazed on sludge applied land within a 30 -day period
following the sludge application. Application sites that are to be used for grazing
shall have fencing that will be used to prevent access after each application.
9. Surface applied sludge will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) 110Urs after
application on lands with no cover crop established.
3

1
10. For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100 -year flood elevation, Sludge
may be applied only during periods of dry weather. The sludge must be
incorporated into the soil within twenty-four (24) hours of application.
11. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application
sites during active site use and for the 12 -month period following the last sludge
application event. Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the
activities being conducted at each site.
12. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from the sludge application area onto the adjacent property or
into the surface waters.
13. Sludge shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a
rainfall event of 1/2 -inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency sludge disposal
measures must first be approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
14. The site shall be adequately limed to a soil pH of at least 6.5 prior to sludge
application. Sludge may be applied to sites with a pH of less than 6.5 provided a
sufficient amount of lime is also applied to achieve a final pH of the lime, sludge
and soil mixture of at least 6.5.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, sludge. soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management to
insure protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable sampling
and reporting schedule shall be followed. If monitoring data indicates minimal or
no concern to the Division, reduction of monitoring requirements may be pursued
after two annual reporting periods.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all disposal activities.
These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following
information:
a) source of sludge
b) date of sludge application
c) location of sludge application (site, field, or zone #)
d) method of application
e) weather conditions
f) soil conditions
g) type of crop or crop to be grown on field
h) volume of sludge applied in gallons/acre and dry tons/acre
i) annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of sludge, annual and cumulative
pounds/acre of each heavy metal (which shall include, but not be limited to
lead,nickel, cadmium, copper and zinc), annual pounds/acre of plant available
nitrogen (PAN), and annual pounds/acre of phosphonis applied to each field.
3. A representative annual soils analysis (Standard Soil Fertility Analysis) shall be
conducted of each site receiving sludge in the respective calendar year and the
results maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years. The
Standard Soil Fertility Analysis shall include, but is not necessarily limited to, the
following parameters:
M

Base Saturation Manganese
Magnesium Cation ExchanLc Capacity
Phosphorus Sodium
Potassium Nickel
Lead Cadmium
Zinc Copper
pH Calcium
4. A quarterly sludge analysis and annual Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
(TCLP)-analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee and the results maintained on
file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years. If land application occurs at a
frequency less than quarterly, sludge analysis will be required for each instance of
land application. The sludge analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to
the following parameters:
total solids Magnesium
Chlorides Sulfate
Phosphorus Potassium
Lead Zinc
Copper Nickel
Cadmium Chromium
Sodium Calcium
Total Nitrogen Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen pH
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters:
Arsenic
Barium
Benzene
Cadmium
Carbon tetrachloride
Chlordane
Chlorobeniene
Chloroform
Chromium
o -Cresol
m -Cresol
p -Cresol
Cresol
2,4-D
1,4 -Dichlorobenzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethylene
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Endrin
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide)
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene
Hexachloroethane
Lead
Lindane
Mercury
Methoxychlor
Methyl ethyl ketone
Nitrobenzene
Pentachlorophenol
Pyridine
Selenium
Silver
Tetrachloroethylene
Toxaphene
Trichloroethylene
2,4,5 -Trichlorophenol
2,4,6 -Trichlorophenol
2,4,5 -TP (Silvex)
Vinyl chloride
5. Three copies of all monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in conditions
III 1,1112,1113 and III 4 shall be submitted annually on or before March 1 of
the following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
5

i
6. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Asheville Regional Office telephone
no. 704/ 251-6208, as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on
the next working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence
of any of the following:
a. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the land
application of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or
characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a release of sludge
material to receiving waters.
c. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out
of compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the
parameters on which the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the
facility incapable of adequate sludge treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting sludge to
the application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in
letter form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report
must outline the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem
does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
1. The three (3) existing monitor wells shall continued to be sampled every April,
August, and November for the following parameters:
NO3 (10.0)
Orthophosphate
Chloride (250.0)
Total Suspended Solids
TDS (500.0)
Ammonia Nitrogen
Water Level
Volatile Organic Compounds - In November only using EPA Method 602
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables - In November only using EPA Method
625
The measurement of water level must be made prior to sampling for the
remaining parameters.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all monitoring wells shall be
surveyed to provide relative elevations of the measuring point for each of the
monitoring wells. The depth of water in each well shall be measured from the
surveyed point on the top of the casing.
6

The nurnEiers in parcnthcses represent the maxin)um allo%v11)IC c011ceIIII ons in
groundwater for the various analytical parameters, as specified in 15 NCAC 2L
[Groundwater Classifications and Standards]. Unless otherwise noted, the
concentrations are given in parts per million.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the N.C. Division of
Environmental Management on Form GW -59 (Compliance Monitoring Report
Form) every May, September, and December.
2. The Compliance Boundary for the disposal system is specified by regulations
in 15 NCAC 2L, Classifications and Water Quality Standards applicable to the
groundwater of North Carolina. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality
Standards beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to penalty provisions
applicable under General Statute 143-215.6(1)a. The sale of property, by the
Permittee, which is within or contiguous to the disposal system site may alter
location of the Compliance Boundary.
For facilities permitted on or after December 30, 1983, the Compliance
Boundary is established at the lesser of 250 feet from the perimeter of the waste
disposal area, or 50 feet within the property boundary.
If the title to any property which may affect the location of the Compliance
Boundary is changed, the permittee shall notify the Division Director within 14
days. The Director shall then establish a modified Compliance Boundary which
will be done as a modification to the Permit.
The REVIEW BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations
in 15 NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. A REVIEW
BOUNDARY is established around disposal systems midway between the
Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the waste disposal area. When the
concentration of any substance equals or exceeds the maximumallowable
concentration of that substance at the REVIEW BOUNDARY, as determined
by monitoring, the permittee shall either (i) demonstrate, through predictive
calculations or modeling, that natural site conditions, facility design and
operational controls will prevent a violation of standards at the Compliance
Boundary, or, (ii) submit a plan for the alteration of existing site conditions,
facility design or operational controls that will prevent a violation of standards at
the Compliance Boundary, and implement that plan upon its approval by the
Director.
3. Any additional groundwater quality monitoring as deemed necessary by the
Division of Environmental Management shall be provided.
4. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal
high water table is less than three feet below land surface.
V. INSPECTIONS
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the sludge storage, transport, and
disposal facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and
discharges which may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a
threat to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall keep an inspection log or
summary including at least the date and time of inspection, observations made, and
any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This log of
inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of three years from the
date of the inspection and shall be made available upon request by the Division of
Environmental Management or other permitting authority.
7

'2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of
Environmental Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and
inspect any property, premises or place on or related to the disposal site and facility
at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this permit;
may inspect or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and conditions
of this permit; or may obtain samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried
out in accordance with the conditions of this permit and in the manner approved by
this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes
described in the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not transferable. In the event there is a desire for the facilities to
change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must
be submitted to the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by all
application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting
materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on
its merits and may or may not be approved.
4_ Prior to any transfer of this land, a notice shall be given to the new owner that gives
full details of the materials applied or incorporated at this site.
5. This permit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee and
the landowners/lessees are in full force and effect.
6. The following are approved sites for sludge application (see attached map):
Site No. Owner/Lessee Fields Application Area (excluding buffers)
acres
2A Raleigh Spratt 41.0 (includes buffers)
13A
Henry Edwards
106.5 - (includes buffers)
1
Guss L. Walker
1
5.0
2
4.8
3
10.0
4
8.0
2
Kenneth &
1
17.0
Mary Pannell
2
2.0
3
5.0
4
8.5
5
12.0
6
5.5
7
10.0
3
Kermit Pannell
1
3.0
2
30.0
3
14.0
4
8.5
8

4 Jim Ledbetter 1 33.0
2 4.0
5 Jim Ledbetter 3 4.5
4 5.0
5 12.5
6 Max Burgin 1 33.0
2 10.5
7 Max Burgin 3 21.5
4 35.0
8 Max Burgin 5 19.0
6 15.5
7 17.0
Total = 501.3
7. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may
subject the Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental
Management in accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6.
8. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within
thirty (30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee
accordingly may cause the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as
specified by 15 NCAC 21-1.0205 (c)(4).
9. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with
any and all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by
other government agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
10. A set of approved documents for the subject project must be retained by the
applicant for the life of the permit.
11. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall
request its extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the
adequacy of the facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the per,nit
for such period of time and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem
appropriate.
12. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any
conditions, limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental
Management deems necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and
public health.
13. Issuance of this permit hereby voids Permit No. WQ0002007 issued January 22,
1990.
9

r'emilt issued this the 12th day of-June, 1991
XORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
George T. Everett, i'recto
Division of EnvironmeMaM agent
By Authority of the Environme 1 Management Commission
Permit No. WQ0002007
10

"-...,
STATE
»,
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
512 North Salisbury Street • Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
James G. Martin, Governor George T. Everett, Ph.D.
William W. Cobey, Jr., Secretary Director
June 27, 1991
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Post Office Box 670
Forest City, N.C. 28043
Attn: Mr. Philip H. Klein
SUBJECT: J.C. Cowan Plant
Land Application of Sludge
Rutherford County:
Dear Mr. Klein:
U
JUN 2 81991
GROUNDWATER SECTION
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
In accordance with the policy of the Division of
Environmental Management to ensure the good quality of
North Carolina's groundwater, the referenced Permit
requires several activities related to groundwater
monitoring. The following guidelines are presented to
assist you in complying with those requirements. If you
have any questions concerning these matters, you should
contact Don Link at the address shown below to —discuss the
requirements relevant to your specific facility:
Asheville Regional Office
59 Woodfin Place
Asheville, NC 28801
[phone]
Condition No.IV-1: Sampling of the referenced wells on
the schedule and for the constituents listed
below:
Regional Offices
Asheville Fayetteville Mooresville Raleigh Washington Wilmington Winston-Salem
704/251-6208 919/486-1541 704/663-1699 919/733-2314 919/946-6481 919/395-3900 919/761-2351
Pollution Prevention Pays
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer

SCHEDULE: The monitor wells must be sampled
initially after construction and
thereafter every April, August, and
November.
CONSTITUENTS:
NO (10.0) Orthophosphate
TD� (500.0) Water Level
Chloride (250.0) Orthophosphate
Total Suspended Solids
Volatile Organic Compounds - (In November Only using
EPA method 602
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables - In November Only
using EPA Method 625.
The measurement of water levels must be made prior to
sampling for the remaining parameters.
The numbers in parentheses represent the maximum
allowable concentrations in groundwater for the
various analytical parameters, as specified in 15A
NCAC 2L [Groundwater Classifications and Standards].
Unless otherwise specified, the units for these
concentrations are expressed as milligrams per liter.
A supply of forms (GW -59) on which the analytical
results must be reported are attached. Instructions are
provided on the reverse of the white copy of each 4 -part
form. The analytical results should be sent to the address
shown at the top of the form and are due in our office no
later than the last working day of the month following
sample collection.
Additional forms will be provided upon receipt of the
attached form GW -59 R0.
FOR ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION RELATED TO REQUIREMENTS
FOR GROUNDWATER QUALITY PROTECTION, PLEASE REFER TO
YOUR PERMIT.

If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact
me at [phone].
BCW:ja/Burling.
Attachments
cc: Don Link
Central Files
Compliance Monitoring Files
Sincerely,
C. Brian Wootton
Hydrogeology Technician
Permits and Compliance
Groundwater Section

/:"'C'411
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
GROUNDWATER SECTION
April 26, 1991
M E M O R A N D U M
TO: Don Safrit
THROUGH: Bob Cheek
FROM: Jeff Lautier
r
SUBJECT: Burlington In ustries - J.C. Cowan PL5
Land Application of Sludge
Permit Amendment
Rutherford County
WQ0002007/GW91103
(John Seymour: DEM SERG Review Engineer)
The Groundwater Section has reviewed the subject permit
amendment application for the addition of eight (8) new sludge
application sites. We recommend approval with the following
conditions:
1. The three (3) existing monitor wells shall continue to
be sampled every April, August, and November for the
following parameters:
NO 33 (10.0) Ammonia Nitrogen
TD5 (500.0) Water Level
- Chloride (250.0) Orthophosphate
Total Suspended Solids
J Voolatil-e Organic Compounds using EPA Method 602 in
November only. -
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables using EPA Method 625
in November only.
ThO-' measurement of water level must be made prior to
sampling for the remaining parameters.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all
monitoring wells shall be surveyed to provide relative
elevations of the measuring point for each of the
monitoring wells. The depth of water in each well
shall be measured from the surveyed point on the top of
the casing.
The numbers in parentheses represent the maximum
allowable concentrations in groundwater for the various

analytical parameters, as specified in 15 NCAC 2L
[Groundwater Classifications and Standards]. Unless
otherwise specified, the units for these concentrations
are expressed as milligrams per liter.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent
to the N.C. Division of Environmental Management on
Form GW -59 [Compliance Monitoring Report Form] every
May, September, and November.
2. The Compliance Boundary for the disposal system is
specified by regulations in 15 NCAC 2L, Groundwater
Classifications and Standards. An exceedance of
Groundwater Quality Standards beyond the Compliance
Boundary is subject to the penalty provisions
applicable under General Statute 143-215.6(1)a. The
sale of property, by the Permittee, which is within or
contiguous to the disposal site, may alter the location
of the Compliance Boundary.
For facilities permitted on or after December 30, 1983,
the Compliance Boundary is established at the lesser of
250 feet from the perimeter of the waste disposal area,
or 50 feet within the property boundary.
If the title to any property which may affect the
location of the Compliance Boundary is changed, the
Permittee shall notify the DEM Director within 14 days.
The Director shall then establish a modified Compliance
Boundary which will be done as a modification to the
Permit.
The REVIEW BOUNDARY for the disposal system is
specified by regulations in 15 NCAC 2L, Groundwater
Classifications and Standards. A -REVIEW BOUNDARY is
established around disposal systems midway between the
Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the waste --
disposal
disposal area. When the concentration of any substance
_ equals or exceeds the maximum allowable concentration
of that substance at the REVIEW BOUNDARY, as determined
by monitoring, the permittee shall either (i)
demonstrate, through predictive calculations or
modeling, that natural site conditions, facility design
and operational controls will prevent a violation of
standards at the Compliance Boundary; or, (ii) submit a
plan for the alteration of existing site conditions,
facility design or operational controls that will
prevent a violation of standards at the Compliance
Boundary, and implement that plan upon its approval by
the Director.
3. No land application of waste activities shall be
undertaken when the seasonal high water table is less
than three feet below land surface.

4. Any additional groundwater quality monitoring, as
deemed necessary by the Division, shall be provided.
BC/JL/sbp/91103.
cc: Don Link
Central Files
Permit Issuance Files
a 9S 03 tJs '+
�,Jffl L APR 301991'

5
Ashe'i'l
State of North Carolina shejille, Pmer�h Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
512 North Salisbury Street • Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
James G. Martin, Governor
William W. Cobey, Jr., Secretary
Mr. Philip Klein
Burlington Industries, Inc.
PO Box 670
Forest City, NC 28043
Dear Mr. Klein:
George T. Everett, Ph.D
Director
January 22, 1990
J
Subject: Permit No. WQ0002007
Burlington Industries, Inc.
J.C. Cowan Plant
Land Application of Industrial
Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge
Rutherford County
In accordance with your application received June 27, 1989, we are forwarding herewith
Permit No. WQ0002007, dated January 2, 1990, to Burlington Industries, Inc. for the operation
of the subject sludge land application program.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until December 31, 1994, and shall
be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable to you,
you have the right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days
following receipt of this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming
to Chapter 150B of North Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative
Hearings, P.O. Box 11666, Raleigh, NC 27604. Unless such demands are made this permit shall
be final and binding.
One set of approved documents is being forwarded to you. If you need additional
information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. Jack Floyd at 919/ 733-5083.
Sin erely,
George T. Everett
cc: Rutherford County Health Departm t
Asheville Regional Office
Groundwater Section
McGill Associates
Pollution Prevention Pays
P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
SLUDGE LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North
Carolina as amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Rutherford County
operation of a sludge land application program consisting of land applying 1,000,000 gallons of
sludge per year from the J.C. Cowan Wastewater Treatment Facility to approximately 147 acres
as described in condition No. VI.6 with. no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to
the application received June 27, 1989 and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and
other supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department of Environment, Health
and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until December 31, 1994, and shall
be subject to the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. The Asheville Regional Office, phone no. 704-251-6208, and the appropriate
local governmental official (county manager/city manager) shall be notified at least
twenty-four (24) hours prior to the initial application of the sludge so that an
inspection can be made of the application sites and application method. Such
notification to the regional supervisor shall be made during the normal office hours
from 8:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. on Monday through Friday, excluding State
Holidays.
2. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately absorb the wastes
and may be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner
which will protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and
ground waters.
3. The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a
non -discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the
operation of this program.
4. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for
damages to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this facility.

5 . In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including
the creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying sludge to the
sites and take any immediate corrective actions, including the construction of
additional or replacement wastewater treatment or disposal facilities.
6. No crops for direct human consumption shall be raised on these sites for a period
of 18 months following sludge application.
7. Maximum slope for sludge application shall be 10% for surface application and
18% for subsurface applications.
8. The following buffers zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences under separate ownership for surface application
method,
b) 200 feet from residences under separate ownership for injection method,
c) 100 feet from "SA and SB" classified waters and public surface water supplies
for both methods,
d) 50 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes, rivers,
and surface water drainage ways for injection method.
e) 100 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes, rivers
and surface water drainage ways for surface application method,
f) 100 feet from property lines for both methods,
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for surface application method,
h) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both
methods,
i) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface. water diversions,
groundwater drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both
methods.
9. A copy of this permit shall be kept in all sludge transport and application vehicles
during the life of this project.
10. All sludge included in this permit must be stabilized by a process to significantly
reduce pathogens (as described in 40 CFR Part 257, Appendix II) prior to
application or incorporation. An evaluation of the sludge must be conducted as to
their ability to demonstrate compliance with this requirement. A copy of this report
must be submitted to the Assistant Chief for Operations, Division of Environmental
Management, Water Quality Section, Operations Branch, PO Box 27687, Raleigh,
NC 27611-7687, within six (6) months of the permit issue date.
11. Specific sludge application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior
to and during sludge application.
12. No sludge at any time shall be stored at any application site.
II_ OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facilities and disposal sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all
times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover as listed in condition II 3, shall be maintained in
accordance with the crop management plan approved by this Division.
2

3. The application rates shall not exceed 7 dry tons per acre per year or the following
for the specified crops, whichever is less:
Crovs PAN (lbs/acre/year)
small grains 150
fescue and orchard grasses 200
other pasture grasses 200
Corn 200
4. No sludge other than that from the J.C. Cowan Wastewater Treatment Plant shall be
included in this permit.
5. The lifetime heavy metal loadings shall not exceed the following for the
corresponding Cation Exchange Capacities (CEC):
Parameter CEC <
Lead (lbs/acre) 500
Zinc (lbs/acre) 250
Copper (lbs/acre) 125
Nickel (lbs/acre) 125
Cadmium (lbs/acre) 4.5
6. The Permittee shall employ a certified wastewater treatment plant.operator to be in
responsible charge of the land application operation. The operator must hold a
certificate of the grade at least equivalent to the classification assigned to the
land application program by the Certification Commission.
7. Adequate facilities shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored material into any surface waters.
8. Animals should not be grazed on sludge. applied land .within a 30 -day period
following the sludge application. Application. sites that are to be used for grazing
shall have fencing that will be used to prevent access after each application.
9. Surface applied sludge will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours
after application on lands with no cover crop established.
10. For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100 -year flood elevation, sludge
may be applied during periods of dry weather. The sludge must be incorporated
into the soil within twenty-four (24) hours of application.
11. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application
sites during active site use and for the 12 -month period following sludge application.
Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the activities being
conducted at each site.
12. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff
from conveying pollutants from the sludge application area onto the adjacent
property or into the surface waters.
13. Sludge shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a
rainfall event of 1/2 -inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency sludge disposal
measures must first be approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
3 i

III
The site shall be adequately limed to a soil pH of at least 6.5 prior to sludge
application. Sludge may be applied to sites with a pH of less than 6.5 provided a
sufficient amount of lime is also applied to achieve a final pH of the lime, sludge and
soil mixture of at least 6.5.
MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
L . Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, sludge, soil, or plant
tissue analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management
to insure protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable
sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed. If monitoring data indicates
minimal or no concern to the Division, reduction of monitoring requirements may be
pursued after two annual reporting periods.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all disposal activities.
These records shall include, but areynot necessarily limited to the following
information:
a) source of sludge
b) date of sludge application
c) location of sludge application (site, field, or zone #)
method of application
weather conditions
f) soil conditions
g) type of crop growing on field
h) volume of sludge applied in gallons/acre and dry tons/acre
i) annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of sludge, annual and
cumulative pounds/acre of each heavy metal, annual pounds/acre of plant
available nitrogen (PAN), and annual pounds/acre of phosphorus applied
to each field.
3. A sludge analysis and EP Toxicity analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee
quarterly and annually, respectively and the results maintained on file by the
Permittee for a minimum of five years. If land application occurs at a frequency
less than quarterly, sludge analysis will be required for each instance of land
application. The sludge analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to the
following parameters:
% total solids
Magnesium
pH
Total Nitrogen
Sulfate
Chlorides
Phosphorus
Potassium
Sodium
Lead
Calcium
Zinc
Copper
2,4,5 -TP Silvex
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
The EP Toxicity analysis shall include the following parameters:
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Silver
Endrin
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Toxaphene
2,4-D
2,4,5 -TP Silvex
Ell

4. A representative annual soils analysis shall be conducted of each site receiving
sludge in the respective calendar year and the results maintained on file by the
Permittee for a minimum of five years. The soils analysis shall include but is not
necessarily limited to the following parameters:
Standard Soil Fertility Test
Manganese
% Base Saturation
Cation Exchange Capacity
Phosphorus
Sodium
Potassium
Nickel
Lead
Cadmium
Zinc
Copper
Magnesium
Calcium
pH
5. Two copies of all monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in conditions
III 1, 111 2, III 3 and III 4 shall be submitted annually on or before January 31 of
the following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 27687
Raleigh, NC 27611-7687
6. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Asheville, Regional Office
telephone no. 704-251-6208, as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours
or on the next working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the
occurrence of any of the following:
a'. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the
land application of significant amounts of. wastes which are abnormal in
quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a discharge of
wastes to receiving waters.
C. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has
gone out of compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit
or the parameters on which the system was designed.
d . Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render
the facility incapable of adequate sludge treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting
sludge to the application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in
letter form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report
must outline the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem
does not recur.
5

GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
1. Any groundwater quality monitoring as deemed necessary by the Division of
Environmental Management shall be provided.
2. Prior to beginning waste disposal operations, three monitor wells, one upgradient
and two downgradient, must be installed at Site No. 2 to monitor groundwater
quality. The wells shall be constructed such that the water level in the wells are
never above or below the screened (open) portion of the wells aty time during the
year. The location and construction details for these wells must �,vproved by the
Asheville Regional Office, from which a well construction permit.must-he obtained.
3. The monitor wells must be sampled initially after construction (and prior to waste
disposal operations) and thereafter every April, August, and November for the
following parameters:
NO3 (10.0)Ammonia Nitrogen
TDS 500.0) pH (6.5-8.5 standard units)
Water Level Chloride (250.0)
Orthophosphate
Purgeable Aromatics (in November only; as per EPA Method 602)
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables (in November only; as per EPA Method 625)
The measurement of water level must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters.
The numbers in parentheses represent the maximum allowable concentrations in
groundwater for the various analytical parameters, as specified in 15 NCAC 2L
[Groundwater Classifications and Standards]. Unless otherwise noted, the
concentrations are given in parts per million.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the N.C. Division of
Environmental Management on Form GW -59 (Compliance Monitoring Report
Form) every May, September, and December.
The Co=liance Boundary for the sludge disposal fields is specified by regulations
in 15 NCAC 2L, Classifications and Water Quality Standards applicable to the
groundwater of North Carolina. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards
beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to penalty provisions applicable under
General Statute 143-215.6(1)a. The sale of property, by the Permittee, which is
within or contiguous to the disposal system site may alter location of the Compliance
Boundary.
For facilities permitted on or after December 30, 1983, the Compliance Boundary is
established at the lesser of 250 feet from the sludge disposal fields, or 50 feet within
the property boundary.
If the title to any property which may affect the location of the Compliance Boundary
is changed, the permittee shall notify the Division Director within 14 days. The
Director shall then establish a modified Compliance Boundary which will be done as
a modification to the Pernlit.
n.

The REVIEW BOUNDARY for the sludge disposal fields is specified by regulations
in 15 NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. A REVIEW
BOUNDARY is established around disposal systems midway between the
Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the waste disposal area. When the
concentration of any substance equals or exceeds the maximum allowable
concentration of that substance at the REVIEW BOUNDARY, as determined by
monitoring, the permittee shall either (i) demonstrate, through predictive calculations
or modeling, that natural site conditions, facility design and operational controls will
prevent a violation of standards at the Compliance Boundary; or, (ii) submit a plan
for the alteration of existing site conditions, facility design or operational controls
that will prevent a violation of standards at the Compliance Boundary, and
implement that plan upon its approval by the Director.
3. Any additional groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the
Division, shall be provided. I
I
V. INSPECTIONS
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the sludge storage, transport, and
disposal facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and
discharges which may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a
threat to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall keep an inspection log
or summary including at least the date and time of inspection, observations made,
and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This
log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of three years
from the date of the inspection and shall be made available upon request by the
Division of Environmental Management or other permitting authority.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of
Environmental Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and
inspect any property, premises or place on or related to the disposal site and
facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this
permit; may inspect or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and
conditions of this permit; or may obtain samples of groundwater, surface water,
or leachate.
VI. QENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried
out in accordance with the conditions of this permit and in the manner approved
by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes
described in the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not transferable. In the event there is a desire for the facilities to
change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must
be submitted to the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an
application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting
materials as maybe appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered
on its merits and may or may not be approved.
f
7

4. Prior to any transfer of this land, a notice shall be given to the new owner that
gives full details of the materials applied or incorporated at this site.
5. This permit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee
and the landowners/lessees are in full force and effect.
6. The following are approved sites for sludge application (see attached location map):
Site No. Owner xssee A olicadon Area (including buffers)
Iacresl
2 Raleigh Spratt 41.0
13 Henry Edwards 106.5
total 147.5
7. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may
subject the Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental
Management in accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6.
8. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within
thirty (30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee
accordingly may cause the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as
specified by 15 NCAC 2H.0205 (c)(4).
9. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with
any and all statutes, rules,. regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by
other government agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
10. A set of approved documents for the subject project must be retained by the applicant
for the life of the project.
11. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall
request its extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review
the adequacy of the facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the
permit for such period of time and under such conditions and limitations as it may
deem appropriate.
12. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental Management
deems necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and public health.
Permit issued this the 22nd day of January, 1990
NO TH CAROLINA
eorge T. Everett, Di
Division of Enviro +
By Authority of the Ei
Permit No. WQ0002007
1
ONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
Management Commission
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June 15,1999
A division of Burlington Industries
Executive Offices
P.O. Box 788
Clarksville, VA 23927
[phone]
Dear Mr. Edwards:
The Burlington Industries' J.C. Cowan Plant located in Rutherford County ceased operation in
March 1999 and there has been no flow from the Wastewater Treatment Facility since 3/23/99.
Burlington requests that the Wastewater Permit (NPDES #NC0006025) be placed on an
"inactive status" as discussed in your 3/22/99 letter.
If you have questions or comments, please contact me at 804-374-3514.
Sincerely,
41yl4a-,�
G. Mike Garlick, P.E.
Division Environmental Engineer
GMG/dr
cc: Robert Fariole - 3330
Grant Hurd - JCC
Gary Ikenberry - Hurt
Jim Wright - 3330
Water/npdes permit jcc-6/15/99
NCDENR
el
Division of Water Quality
Asheville Regional Office
f ..
Interchange Building
59 Woodfin Place
Asheville, NC 28801-2414
ATTN: Roger Edwards
RE: NPDES Permit No. NC0006025
Burlington
Industries
,
J.C. Cowan Plant
"*t
Rutherford County
Dear Mr. Edwards:
The Burlington Industries' J.C. Cowan Plant located in Rutherford County ceased operation in
March 1999 and there has been no flow from the Wastewater Treatment Facility since 3/23/99.
Burlington requests that the Wastewater Permit (NPDES #NC0006025) be placed on an
"inactive status" as discussed in your 3/22/99 letter.
If you have questions or comments, please contact me at 804-374-3514.
Sincerely,
41yl4a-,�
G. Mike Garlick, P.E.
Division Environmental Engineer
GMG/dr
cc: Robert Fariole - 3330
Grant Hurd - JCC
Gary Ikenberry - Hurt
Jim Wright - 3330
Water/npdes permit jcc-6/15/99

N OF WATER QUALITY
GROUNDWATER SECTION
11 March, 1999
MEMORANDUM
To: Kim Colson
Water Quality Section
Through: Bob Cheek Pt'c
From: Derek Lewis
Subject: Burlington Industries
Land Application of Biosolid Residuals
Rutherford County
Permit No. WQ0002007/GW99014
J. R. Joshi: SERG Review Engineer
The Groundwater Section has reviewed the subject renewal request for the land application
of residual biosolids. The permit application consists of 26 individual application areas on 7
different sites with 5 separate landowners (outlined below). The total application area has been
reduced from the previous permit, dated September 26, 1994, by the removal of sites 3, 4, and 5. The
total loading has also been reduced accordingly. A review of the site conditions from the previous
permit applications indicates that the soil types and characteristically deep water table makes these
sites ideal for land application. The sites have been monitored since March of 1990, and no
groundwater exceedances have been detected. These sites pose very little risk to the groundwater
resources of the state. The Groundwater Section, therefore, recommends the renewal of this permit
with the following conditions.
* L The application areas covered by this permit are limited to the following;
Site 1: Guss Walker
Area 1 5.0 acres
Area 2 4.8
Area 3 10.0
Area 4 8.0
1

Site 6: Max Burgin
Area 1 33.0
Area 2 10.5
Site 7: Max Burgin
Area 3 21.5
Area 4 35.0
Site 8: Max Burgin
Area 5 19.0
Area 6 15.5
Area 7 17.0
Site 13A: Henry Edwards
Area 1 10.9
Area 2 3.1
Area 3 4.5
Area 4 1.6
Area 5 23.9
Area 6 7.3
Area 7 7.1
Total Area Covered under this Permit: 333.8 acres
X2. All groundwater monitoring (Raleigh Spratt Site) shall be discontinued.
*3. Within 60 days of permit issuance, all monitoring wells shall be properly abandoned
in accordance with 15A NCAC .0113(a)(2). A well abandonment record (GW -30
form) for all wells shall be submitted to the Asheville Regional Office within thirty
2
Site 2: Kenneth Pannell
Area 1
17.0
Area 2
2.0
Area 3
5.0
Area 4
8.5
Area 5
12.0
Area 6
5.5
Area 7
10.0
Site 2A: Raleigh Spratt
1 Area
36.1
Site 6: Max Burgin
Area 1 33.0
Area 2 10.5
Site 7: Max Burgin
Area 3 21.5
Area 4 35.0
Site 8: Max Burgin
Area 5 19.0
Area 6 15.5
Area 7 17.0
Site 13A: Henry Edwards
Area 1 10.9
Area 2 3.1
Area 3 4.5
Area 4 1.6
Area 5 23.9
Area 6 7.3
Area 7 7.1
Total Area Covered under this Permit: 333.8 acres
X2. All groundwater monitoring (Raleigh Spratt Site) shall be discontinued.
*3. Within 60 days of permit issuance, all monitoring wells shall be properly abandoned
in accordance with 15A NCAC .0113(a)(2). A well abandonment record (GW -30
form) for all wells shall be submitted to the Asheville Regional Office within thirty
2

4. The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations
in 15A NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance
Boundary is for the disposal system individually permitted after December 31, 1983'
is established at either (1) 250 feet from the waste disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within
the property boundary, whichever is closest to the waste disposal area. An
exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or beyond the Compliance
Boundary is subject to immediate remediation action in addition to the penalty
provisions applicable under General Statute 143-215.6A(a)(1).
5. In accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around
the disposal system midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter
of the waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary
shall require remediation action on the part of the permittee.
6. Any additional groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the
Division, shall be provided.
*Denotes different language than the shell document.
cc: Don Link
Permit Files
Enclosure:
Site Maps
3

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of North Carolina
apartment of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources •
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor r`rr
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary EN
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
August 18, 19.94
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Post Office Box 21207
Greensboro, NC 27420
m
Attn: Mr. Philip H. Klein A.
SUBJECT: Permit No. WQ0002007/GW94127
Burlington Industries, Inc.
J.C. Cowan Plant
Land Application of Wastewater Residuals
Rutherford County
Dear Mr. Klein:
In accordance with the policy of the Division of Environmental
Management to ensure the good quality of North Carolina's
groundwater, the referenced Permit requires several activities
related to groundwater monitoring. The following guidelines and
forms are presented to assist you in complying with those
requirements. If you have any questions concerning these matters,
you should contact Don Link at the address shown below to discuss
the requirements relevant to your specific facility:
Asheville Regional Office
Interchange Building 59 Woodfin Place
Asheville, NC 28801
(704) 251-620$
Condition IV. 2.: Sampling of the referenced _wells on the
schedule and for the constituents listed below:
SCHEDULE: The three (3) existing monitor wells MW -1, MW -2, and
MW -3 shall be sampled every November.
CONSTITUENTS: Ammonia Nitrogen Orthophosphate
Chloride TDS
NO3 Water Level
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables using EPA
Method 625
Volatile Organic Compounds using EPA Method 602
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

Mr. Klein
August 18, 1994
Page 2
The measurement of water levels, must be made prior to sampling
for the remaining parameters.
The results of all analyses specified in the monitoring
requirements must be submitted simultaneously.
* A supply of forms (GW -59) on which the analytical results
must be reported are attached. Instructions are provided on the
reverse of the white copy of each four part form. The analytical
results should be sent the address shown at the top of the form and
are due in our office no later than the last working -day of the
month following sample collection.
* FOR ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION RELATED TO REQUIREMENTS FOR
GROUNDWATER OUALITY PROTECTION PLEASE REFER TO YOUR PERMIT. A
copy of Section IV., Groundwater Requirements, for Permit No.
WQ0002007 is attached for your reference.
If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact
me at [phone] EXT. 435..
Sincerely,
Cynthia A. Boyles
Hydrogeological Technician II
Permits and Compliance
Groundwater Section
Attachments
cc: Don Link
Central Files
Compliance Monitoring Files

c. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate residual treatment
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting residuals to the
application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline
the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER RFOTTTREMENT
1. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high water
table is less than three feet below land surface.
2. The three (3) existing monitor wells designated as MW-1, MW-2, and MW-3, depicted on
the attached site map (Attachment A), shall be sampled every November for the following
parameters:
NO3 Chloride
Ammonia Nitrogen TDS
Water Level Orthophosphate
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables using EPA Method 625
Volatile Organic Compounds using Method 602
The measurement of water levels must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters. The depth to water in each well shall be measured from the surveyed point on
the top of the casing.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all monitoring wells shall be surveyed to
provide the relative elevation of the measuring point for each monitoring well
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the Groundwater Section, Permits
and Compliance Unit, P.O. Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535 on Form GW-59
[Compliance Monitoring Report Form] every December.
3. The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations in
15A NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary is
for the disposal system constructed after December 31, 1983 is established at either (1) 250
feet from the waste disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is
closest to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or
beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate remediation action in addition to
the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute 143-215.6A(a)(1).
In accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around the
disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the
waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require
remediation action on the part of the permittee.
4. Any groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the Division, shall be
provided.

,Ijf North Ca mina
,jartment of Environment,
.eaith and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
1••
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary F= H N
Nann B. Guthrie, Regional Manager
Asheville Regional Office GROUNDWATER SECTION
July 21, 1994
MEMORANDUM:
TO: Brian Wootton
THROUGH: Don Link 0
FROM: Kay Dechant
SUBJECT: Permit Renewal Comments
Burlington Industries - J. C. Cowan Plant
WQ0002007 GW94127
Rutherford County
Renewal of the subject permit is recommended with groundwater monitoring.
requirements as described in the permit amendment dated December 29. 1993.
Attached is a copy of the applicable pages from Permit No. WQ0002007.
Please call me if you have any comments or questions.
Interchange Building, 59 Woodfin Place, Asheville, N.C. 28801 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
GROUNDWATER SECTION
July 28, 1994
MEMORANDUM
wy„ r
To: Carolyn McCaskill
Through: Bob Cheek V
From: Brian Woottond
Subject: Burlington Industries- J.C. Cowan Plant
Renewal of Permit No. WQ0002007
Sludge Land Application
Rutherford County
WQ0002007/GW94127
(Michael Allen: DEM SERG Review Engineer)
The Groundwater Section has reviewed the permit renewal request to apply sludge
from the J.C. Cowan Plant to -501.3 acres. We have no objection to reissuance of the
permit, provided that the following conditions are included:
1. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal
high water table is less than three feet below land surface.
2% The three (3) existing monitor wells designated as (MW-1, MW-2, MW-31)
depicted on the attached site map (Attachment A), shall be sampled every
November, for the following parameters:
NO3 Chloride
Ammonia Nitrogen TDS
Water Level Orthophosphate
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables - using EPA Method 625
Volatile Organic Compounds - using EPA Method 602
�. AUG 4 1994
si43 �`d,�s'TS£�6G'i
s

3. The measurement of water levels must be made prior to sampling for the
remaining parameters. The depth to water in each well shall be measured
from the surveyed point on the top of the casing.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all monitoring wells shall be
surveyed to provide the relative elevation of the measuring point for each
monitoring well.
4. The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the Groundwater
Section, Permits and Compliance Unit, P.O. Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-
0535 on Form GW -59 [Compliance Monitoring Report Form] every December.
5. The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by
regulations in 15A. NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards.
The Compliance Boundary is for the disposal ;system constructed after
December 31, 1983 is established at either (1) 250 feet from the waste
disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is
closest to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality
Standards at or beyond the Compliance Boundary issubjectto immediate
remediation action in addition to the penalty provisions applicable under
General Statute 143-215.6A(a)(1).
In accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established
around the disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and
the perimeter of the waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at
the Review Boundary shall require remediation action on the part of the
permittee.
6. Any additionalgroundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the
Division, shall be provided.
cc: Don Link
Central Files -
Permit Files
2

ATTACHMENT A
�.i'BURLINGTON INDUSTRIES - FOI,l v.T CITY
�;- RUTHERFORD COUNTY
Ilk
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'• ■ft�w - L.Y M i•i• .y��..r'^^•+,` aY1 t �. ,•, rrT •� .! / � •/.yy"r
PERMIT NO. WQ0002007 r
----. Farm #2 ����/ r •-�
e MONITOR WELLS
�•, tt ,� Scale 1'1=600' �"

"A I +k /-I
i I 1HU
'-jffment of Environment, rTA
dith and Natural Resources
A
'Division of Environmental Management
?mivj
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
FE F1
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary,
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
December 29, 1993
Burlington Industries, Inc.
PO Box 21207
Greensboro, NC 27420
Attn: Mr. Philip H. Klein
SUBJECT: Permit No. WQ0002007
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Land Application of Sludge
'Rutherford County:
Dear Mr. Klein:
JAN - 4 1994
I
In accordance with the policy of the Division of
Environmental management to ensure the good quality of North
Carolina's groundwater, the referenced Permit requires several
activities related to groundwater monitoring. The following
guidelines and forms are presented to assist you in complying
with those requirements. If you have any questions concerning
these matters, you should contact Don Link at the address shown
below to discuss the requirements relevant to your specific
facility:
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
Interchange Bldg.
59 Woodfin Place
Asheville, NC 28801
[phone]
* A supply of forms (GW -59) on which the analytical results
must be reported are attached. Instructions are provided on the
reverse of the white copy of each 4 -part form. The analytical
results should be sent to the address shown at the top of the
form and are due in our office no later than the last working day
of the month following sample collection.
forms will be provided upon receipt of the
attached form GW -59 RO.
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

* FOR ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION RELATED TO REQUIREMENTS FOR
GROUNDWATER QUALITY PROTECTION, PLEASE REFER TO YOUR PERMIT.
A copy of the Groundwater Requirements (Section IV -1-5 of Permit
No. WQ0002007) is attached for your reference.
If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact
me at [phone].
Sincerely,
.Brian Wootton
Hydrogeologist
Permits and Compliance
Groundwater Section
Attachments
cc: Don Link
Central Files
Compliance Monitoring files

DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
GROUNDWATER SECTION
November 17, 1993
MEMORANDUM
TO: Carolyn McCaskill
THROUGH: Bob Cheek P11 -1 -
FROM: Brian Wagner'
SUBJECT: Administrative Amendment for:
Burlington Industries-J.C. Cowan Plant
Rutherford County
WQ0002007/GW93170
The Groundwater Section is requesting that the subject permit be amended. Under section IV
condition number 2, the lines explaining Method 1 and Method 2 need to be deleted as the permit dictates
the lab methods to be used (602 and 625). The condition should read as follows:
2. The three (3) existing monitor wells shall be sampled every November for the following
parameters:
NO3 Ammonia Nitrogen
TDS Orthophosphate
Chloride Water Level
Total Suspended Solids
Volatile Organic Compounds - using EPA Method 602
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables- using EPA Method 625
The measurement of water levels must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters. The depth of water in each well shall be measured from the surveyed point on
the top of the casing.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all monitoring wells shall be surveyed to
provide relative elevations of the measuring point for each monitoring well
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the Groundwater Section, N.C.
Division of Enviromnental Management P.O. Bos 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535 on
Form GW -59 [Compliance Monitoring Report Form] every December.
cc: cc: Don Link
Central Files
Permit Files
NOV Z 2 1993
baw/93170aa.doc �'

.'North Ca Ana AM
. artment of Environment,
calth and Natural Resources 4j
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B, Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
Burlington Industries, Inca
PO Box 21207
Greensboro, NC 27420
Attn: Mr. Phillip H. Klein
SUBJECT: Permit No. WQ0002007
Burlington Industries, Inc.
Land Application of Sludge
Rutherford County:
Dear Mr. Klein:
In accordance with the policy of the Division of
Environmental Management to ensure the good quality of North
Carolina's groundwater, the referenced Permit requires several
activities related.to groundwater monitoring. The following
guidelines and forms are presented to assist you in complying with
those requirements. If you have any questions concerning these
matters, you should contact Don Link at the address shown below to
discuss the requirements relevant to your specific facility:
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
Interchange Bldg.
59 Woodfin Place
Asheville, NC 28801
[phone]
* A supply of forms (GW -59) on which the analytical results must
be reported are attached. Instructions are provided on the reverse
of the white copy of each 4 -part form. The analytical results
should be sent to the address shown at the top of the form and are
due in our office no later than the last working day of the month
following sample collection.
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

Additional_ forms will be provided upon receipt of the attached
form GW -59 R0.
FOR ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION RELATED TO REQUIREMENTS FOR
GROUNDWATER QUALITY PROTECTION, PLEASE REFER TO YOUR PERMIT.
A copy of the Groundwater Requirements (Section IV -1-5 of Permit
No. WQ0002007) is attached for your reference.
If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me
at (919)733-322.1.
Sincerely,
Brian Wootton
Hydrogeology Technician
Permits and Compliance
Groundwater Section
Attachments
cc: Don Link
Central Files
Compliance Monitoring files

,All sludges in ed in this permit must be monitored fompliance with condition 110 of
this permit. Data to verify stabilization by a process to significantly reduce pathogens (as
described in 40 CFR Part 257, Appendix II) must be maintained by the Permittee. The
required data is specific to the stabilization process utilized, but should be sufficient to
clearly demonstrate compliance with 40 CFR Part 257.
6. Three copies of all monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in conditions 1111,
111 2, 111 3, 111 4, and 111 5 shall be submitted annually on or before March 1 of the
following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
7. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Asheville Regional Office, telephone number
[phone], as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next
working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the
following:
a. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the land
application of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or
characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a release of sludge material
to receiving waters.
c. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate sludge treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting sludge to the
application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline
the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
Within ninety (90) days of permit issuance, the permittee shall submit two original copies
of a scaled topographic map (scale no greater than 1:100) signed and sealed by a
professional engineer or a state licensed land surveyor that indicates all of the following
information:
a. the layout of the waste disposal field(s) that have accompanying monitoring wells,
including property boundaries,
b. the location and identity of each monitoring well,
c. the latitude and longitude of each monitoring well,
d. the relative elevation of the top of the well casing (which shall be known as the
"measuring point"),
6

e. and th �pth of water below the measuring port the time the measuring point is
established.
The maps shall be sent to the Groundwater Section, N.C. Division of Environmental
Management, Post Office Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535.
2. The three (3) existing monitor wells shall be sampled every November for the following
parameters:
NO3 Ammonia Nitrogen
TDS Orthophosphate
Chloride Water Level
Total Suspended Solids
Volatile Organic Compounds - using EPA Method 602
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables - using EPA Method 625
Method 1: Method 6230D (Capillary - Column), "Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater", 17th edition, 1989
Method 2: Method 502.2 "Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in
Drinking Water", United States Environmental Protection Agency - 600/4-
88/039
The measurement of water level must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters. The depth of water in each well shall be measured from the surveyed point on
the top of the casing.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all monitoring wells shall be surveyed to
provide relative elevations of the measuring point for each of the monitoring wells.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the N.C. Division of
Environmental Management, Post Office Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535 on Form
GW -59 (Compliance Monitoring Report Form) every December.
3. Any additional groundwater quality monitoring as deemed necessary by the Division of
Environmental Management shall be provided.
4. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high water
table is less than three feet below land surface.
5. The Compliance Boundary for the disposal system is specified by regulations in 15 NCAC
2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary is established
at either (1) 250 feet from the waste disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property
boundary, whichever is closet to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater
Quality Standards at or beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate
remediation action on addition to the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute
143-215.6A(a)(1).
Also in accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around
the disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the
waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require
remediation action on the part of the permittee.
fd

DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
GROUNDWATER SECTION
September 8, 1993
MEMORANDUM
TO: Jack Floyd, Groundwater Section
Raleigh Central Office ,
THROUGH: Don Link, Regional Groundwater Supervisor C) �
Asheville Regional Office 77"
FROM: Kay Dechant, Hydrogeologist
Asheville Regional Office �(v
SUBJECT: Permit Amendment Review
Burlington Industries - J. C. Cowan
002007/93170
Rutherford County, North Carolina
I recommend the proposed amendment to the subject permit with a
reduction of groundwater monitoring frequency to once per year.
If you have any comments or questions, please advise.
LKD/gc

Subject: Burlington Industries
J.C. Cowan Plant
Rutherford County
WQ0002007/GW93170
( Michael Allen: DEM SERG Review Engineer)
The Groundwater Section has reviewed the subject permit modification request. A
groundwater monitoring program has been in place since 1990 and has shown no confirmed
violations. We recommend reducing the sampling rate to once -a -year.
The Groundwater Section recommends reissuance of the permit with the following
conditions:
1. Within ninety (90) days of completion of permit issuance, the permittee shall
submit two original copies of a scaled topographic map (scale no greater than
V: signed and sealed by a professional engineer or a state licensed land
surveyor that indicates all of the following information:
a. the layout of the waste disposal field(s) that have accompanying
monitoring wells, including property boundaries,
b. the location and identity of each monitoring well,
c. the latitude and longitude of each monitoring well,
d. the relative elevation of the top of the well casing ( which shall be known
as the "measuring point"), and
e. the depth of water below the measuring point at the time the measuring
point is established.
The maps shall be sent to the Groundwater Section, N.C. Division of
Environmental Management P.O. Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535.
2. The three (3) existing monitor wells shall be sampled every November for the
following parameters:
GROUNDWATER SECTION
f `ry
September 14, 1993
a �N
MEMORANDUM
H
I
SEP L,
To:
Carolyn McCaskill
w f,
Z
Through:
Bob Cheek p -a L
From:
Brian Wagner 1J
Subject: Burlington Industries
J.C. Cowan Plant
Rutherford County
WQ0002007/GW93170
( Michael Allen: DEM SERG Review Engineer)
The Groundwater Section has reviewed the subject permit modification request. A
groundwater monitoring program has been in place since 1990 and has shown no confirmed
violations. We recommend reducing the sampling rate to once -a -year.
The Groundwater Section recommends reissuance of the permit with the following
conditions:
1. Within ninety (90) days of completion of permit issuance, the permittee shall
submit two original copies of a scaled topographic map (scale no greater than
V: signed and sealed by a professional engineer or a state licensed land
surveyor that indicates all of the following information:
a. the layout of the waste disposal field(s) that have accompanying
monitoring wells, including property boundaries,
b. the location and identity of each monitoring well,
c. the latitude and longitude of each monitoring well,
d. the relative elevation of the top of the well casing ( which shall be known
as the "measuring point"), and
e. the depth of water below the measuring point at the time the measuring
point is established.
The maps shall be sent to the Groundwater Section, N.C. Division of
Environmental Management P.O. Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C. 27626-0535.
2. The three (3) existing monitor wells shall be sampled every November for the
following parameters:

NO3 Ammonia Nitrogen
TDS Orthophosphate
Chloride Water Level
Total Suspended Solids
Volatile Organic Compounds - using EPA Method 602
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables- using EPA Method 625
The measurement of water levels must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters. The depth of water in each well shall be measured from the surveyed
point on the top of the casing.
The measuring points (top of well casing) of all monitoring wells shall be surveyed
to provide relative elevations of the measuring point for each monitoring well.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the Groundwater Section,
N.C. Division of Environmental Management P.O. Box 29535 Raleigh, N.C.
27626-0535 on Form GW -59 [Compliance Monitoring Report Form] every
December.
2. Any additional groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the
Division, shall be provided.
3. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high
water table is less than three feet below land surface.
4. The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by
regulations in 15A NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The
Compliance Boundary is established at either (l) 250 feet from the waste disposal
area, or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is closest to the waste
disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or beyond the
Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate remediation action in addition to the
penalty provisions applicable under General Statute 143-215.6A(a)(1).
Also in accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established
around the disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the
perimeter of the waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review
Boundary shall require remediation action on the part of the permittee.
cc: Don Link
Central Files
Permit Files
baw/93170.doc

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DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
GROUNDWATER SECTION
MEMORANDUM
TO: 000-';'7 z i'n -{[
DATE :!` 1�r ( /' /17f,/
Jack Floyd
FROM:
3
APR -41991
SUBJECT; Application for =/ newal/Amen t of Permit No.4!�')ep.em1-2
New Permit
Facility Name : ,ALI/1
County
Type of Project:
Central Office Contact:
Applicable Permit Numbers:
WQ
®PP®_ZOO,7-
GW C?/
EPA AC
We have received a copy of the above referenced application,
wh'ch was sent to your regional office for comment on or about
, 19 9/
If
You should review the application package for completeness
and adequacy of relevant information and submit your request for
additional information to me (via telephone or memo) by
199/so that all required information can be
r quested from the applicant at one time. A copy of our formal
request to the applicant for additional information will be
provided to you.
If you do not require additional information from the
applicant to complete your evaluation of the project, you should
rev'ew the application package and submit your comments to me by
199/
If a copy of the application package has not been made
available to your office, PLEASE LET ME KNOW IMMEDIATELY so that
a copy can be forwarded to you as soon as possible.
JF:ja/Appl.shl
q
a

Department of
d,wSTATfo �_J
.�q�.
State of North Carolina'
J
Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
512 North Salisbury Street • Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
James G. Martin, Governor George T. Everett,Ph.D.
William W. Cobey, Jr., Secretary Director
MR PHILIP H KLEIN March 26, 1991
BURLINGTON INDUSTRY
PO BOX 670
FOREST CITY, NORTH CAROLINA 28043
CF, ` `Subject:
Application No. WQ0002007
J.C. Cowan Plant
Sludge -Land Application
Rutherford County
Dear MR KLEIN:
The Division's Permits and Engineering Unit acknowledges receipt of your permit application and
Please refer to this number when making inquiries on this project. supporting materials on March 21, 1991. This application has been assigned the number shown above.
Your project has been assigned to John Seymour for a detailed engineering review. A technical
acknowledgement will be forthcoming. If this acknowledgement is not received within thirty (30)
days, please contact the engineer listed above.
Be aware that the Division's regional office, copied below, must provide recommendations from the
Regional Supervisor or a Procedure Four Evaluation for this project, prior to final action by the
Division.
If you have any questions, please contact John Seymour at [phone].
cc: Asheville Regional Office
Environmental Waste Disposal
Sincerely,
,,('LDonald--Safrit, .E.
Supervisor, Permits and Engineering Unit
Pollution Prevention Pays
P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer

GROUNDWATER SECTION
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT GW #
RECORD OF WASTE DISPOSAL PERMIT APPLICATION REVIEW
REVIEW BY a b
DATEEry- 1 '},
FIELD INVESTIGATION? t�Y/N)
FACILITY NAME
LOCATION
TYPE OF DISPOSAL SYSTEM ( LAGOON,
ETC.) tiy
DESIGN CAP. ( GPD)
DESCRIPTION OF FACILITY % S - 74,21
SIZE OF IMPOUNDMENT (FT. SQ)
& / OR SIZE OF APPLICATION AREA
WASTE SOURCE : ❑ MUN. SLUDGE
MUN. W. WATER: 0_PRll4KfiV_o SECONDARY TERTIARY
QIND. SLUDGE QIND. W. WATER
OTHERS
DISTANCE FROM WASTE SOURCE TO
NEAREST: STREAMi /�_ FT., WELL FT.
FOR WELL: TYPE OF USE
, DEPTH , PUMP RATE ( EST.)
WHAT DESIGN CONDITIONS WIL '`REDUCE )/ INCREASE CHANCE OF GW CONTAMINATION: [?i lj f -R1= j2j
OL
WHA` 'NA 1f2A1 SITE✓ O6DITi01 l� IL� EDUCE / INCREASE (:HAN E (sr Cd;APX6
DEPTH TO: BEDROCK 2`2 FT. , SEASONAL HIGH W. T. FT. , ANNUAL W. T. FLUX: FT.
SURFICIAL AQUIFER BEDROCK / ARTESIAN AQUIFER
GEN. LIl-HOLOGY
HYD. COND. —FT. /DAY n MEASURED FT./DAY MEASURED
E] ESTIMATED ESTIMATED
THICKNESS -21 b &5 FT.
NO. OF MONITOR WELLS: PROPOSED: UP ef DOWN <f = ; EXISTING: UP DOWN
FROM WORKSHEET: SITE NUMERICAL DESCRIPTION = — -
LegrGNO' �s y T 1 2 3 4 5 6 6A 6B
SITE GRADE (HYDROGEOLJ = f SITUATION GRADE = I U
PROPOSED SAMPLING SCHEDULE & PARAMETER(S) :
REMARKS/RECOMMENDATIONS -'►la /r� s/c<� �. ,L,,>{, ,-��, `yam
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Olrtonoe h
motion
21700 J00 000 76 - 140
1000-2000 180.200
35-49
60.74 20-34
10. 10
Oletonce
Pt. Vogue
of
stmorro.
otrlonoe In
tsel
6200 ♦ 1001-3100 251 - 600:; -1 1 1-160
3100-6200
0-0
J1-60
9H
(Step 1)
60-74
15-19
601. 1000
61 - 23 61-100
0 -JO
4C
4E
6C
UQiC: K wafer table In pemeoble bedrodt PI• ��
/
: In Da«N P-+neade
bed,0e4
7H
OG
01
90
46-59
pt. volts . 4
Or:
48.
`�
VA"
"if wk*
0 1 2 3 4
6 6 �
e p
� P
/
F+flnolethe depth
malen
of
26-45
to it," wofer lot>b
60+ 3060 2020 12-20 6-11
57 3.4 15-_25
6-1 0
Depth
Pf Votue
t.ebw toss of con -Feet
200 • 01-200 61-00 36 0 26.35
16.25 0-15 a?
0-2 0
W 1
(Step 2)
torrJr -rllon saxce
2E
78
5C
7C
6J
e0
M,ya Mar, 5% of
71
9E
9K
90
10.27
Low than J
the year.
es
3C
6C I
5D
98
6K
Stn"
Poii r�
0 1 2
t 4
R
9R
Lou thou 1
Wknote Wolof
Water fable
6+0denl Cradled Graders
Gradsrf
Qoderl
GiCKSO4
Pl. vC"
table
flomr
coadie t
gradient and
adr
way hom nod lethan
Grodlert
lea than peator
vector
(Step J)
ation Me
Now direction
dl water rod 2 percent
2 pofcert ►liar 2
than 2
euppNs that toward
lowoed percent
percent
ore closet wofef
water toword
toward
than 1000 supply but
supply water
wolof
meters real the
and Y the "ply
suppfy
artic"od
C"Ic god W nal
and M tte
dredbn of
direction of tie anlf•
onllc"od
sow
flow cleated
drodbn
dr"dbn
of flow
Of now
U29LA
"male of
rmeobUMy.
sorption Foritio
Waste dmpood too.
0) A Row - Rock > 100
OA
feel belowloro�
2A
4A
u!a"oe
f;
SA
Ml coksm - bo6ock
� 2
poly
Q
pem occ-Ae'
x
LL <
O 0
(4)M cok n n • bedrock -
to
p
robllAely
U
Of very
Pe—CiDle
fZ � O
Cloy vAh
no more
fhm 50%
Clary
P
Sad wMh Sand wlh
I6-30% lewftvcn
Clean
pawl Of
Clea, fins coon"
More than 30
OA
2A
4A
6A
SA
9A
Moro than 95
1
I
1
11
1
11
1
11
1
11
1
11
25.20
08
IC
10
2F
3E
4G
6F
6E
71,
eE
OG
9m
75.04
20.24
OC
2C
IE
30
40
Be
5G
6F
7G
8F
9H
platJ
60-74
15-19
co
38
1F
4C
4E
6C
5H
70
7H
OG
01
90
46-59
10-14
Or:
48.
20
68
4F
60
81
7E
71
90
91
of
26-45
3-9
18
68
2E
78
5C
7C
6J
e0
71
9E
9K
90
10.27
Low than J
18
es
3C
6C I
5D
98
6K
9C
IK
9F
9L
9R
Lou thou 1
Bedrock all land wxhoce: 1. 57. Of . 07
ern*: R Bedrock of lard eudoce. w 10 (Plot cpWoprlote hftef)
�llZ.,ir
069106 of Confidence In oc cu,oey of vogues A . very confident
5. fairly Can"rvi
C -wllh lie+ con6denoe
Palm d conoorn wMh regad to coMankwrt same b : W . rea by wel
S • 0p*V y stream
8 • perkreler at oompflance
It" AddItIond QealM er (CI,cM Orly Ofre)
0 . Cone of depre►0on of nearby pur,pk,g wel hoe. M . Fl/d ffx"vdkV under the hV* i,ety
or -1 Muly. InA-W co contorr,krat flow
F • Ewa,ce In Slop 1 booed on eepaotlon hom
t
P . Sle has poa pe100"100 potential (value of 3 of lea In Step 4 )
oar amkraft plume rather than poly sours O . Wo/e sovce In groundwalor redrarpe area
F • Wade sourco h gro,xxfwalef deahorge area. 1. Wolof table in very N" hoetured Of oavefou lock
INA n,k�krr,t r�ry rvi.rr.. nn.�Ie..ivwlrv. ew rr.,.rh-[-er6r...n...
ion
Category
(Star) 4)
F -)
Corokunce
(Step 5)
S
Pdrd of Concern
(Stop eA)
1—
Cky0lef
(Stop 6m

WASTE DISPOSAL PERMIT APPLICATION REVIEW WORKSHEET (CONT.)
$IrP NJRN1fl�gld(yrft_ �k3n �
Told Step 1 310P Z S"3 •- stop A Stan 6
Shp dl Shp 61
( Add Stem 1 ., (Om" leftem))
)
SIN 174-:00 hosed on IfydroOr obplc Poronwtm
A tCLA
To be used for SNP 0 ( Nokaral) and Sf+p 10 ( ModUled)
SITUATION RATING
Iiaroni PbNnflol Mona k$*nlf1,w (f*M )
(Step 10)
( '� Vow)
'
(onq) O
G 1
SITUATION
GRADE
a or bre
B
E N 4
F
ell—
-7b4 _ . `
7
PmbcbN aaoup"A or
HpmI
-3 to+3
9
I. "VIVIFY uX000f pilabb
Acompkrce
� - ...
(1) Nvnrarlool SINTold
o�«a«an (non, Step 7)
unowlah
Pone f Soni
WWII
RoboblV
"'r
�
•��
0) PAR VALUE (S" J)
.1
O
Of more
SIMTION RATING : (1)- Q)
ED
F
_
(table below)
urmceptable
SITUATION GRADE
noafi FZ355ym
(we fable below)
step I SITUATION GRADE
a • mo a
r
oorr"
(� table below)
SrTUATION RATING TABLE
The txob"'y of man> confanarlon Rom M uoflorw h -*V vOkm between f 7 and - 7 Y dlllaaft to c.*V ue
wlrfoctorfy. T1wrMof.."range of vakm aPfesenNd by pradN S and C. Y deMpned"by a qu«non mock
A-epkw— of -1 cflon of oa MN ft,Ise htor r Mppooe b o mpmd)oty of N» porftuk r fep,"M opency
envy d*Wnd on rpecld re"*rnenk of M open y of an borbrty and emec n 01 oPofoyod
enoln,oe +0 of 0 MN (afago 4).
To be used for SNP 0 ( Nokaral) and Sf+p 10 ( ModUled)
SITUATION RATING
PROSABIUTY orC-T
(Step 10)
( '� Vow)
'
CONTAMINATION
DEGREE OF ACCEPTABILITY
SITUATION
GRADE
a or bre
Improbable
Probably aoo"pbbb
A
-7b4 _ . `
7
PmbcbN aaoup"A or
�
-3 to+3
9
I. "VIVIFY uX000f pilabb
Acompkrce
� - ...
unowlah
C
.1 b+7
RoboblV
Probo*un000e)k1ble
O
Of more
Very Flobabls
Of IT-9"*8
Aired cork*, 10 be
F
urmceptable
The txob"'y of man> confanarlon Rom M uoflorw h -*V vOkm between f 7 and - 7 Y dlllaaft to c.*V ue
wlrfoctorfy. T1wrMof.."range of vakm aPfesenNd by pradN S and C. Y deMpned"by a qu«non mock
A-epkw— of -1 cflon of oa MN ft,Ise htor r Mppooe b o mpmd)oty of N» porftuk r fep,"M opency
envy d*Wnd on rpecld re"*rnenk of M open y of an borbrty and emec n 01 oPofoyod
enoln,oe +0 of 0 MN (afago 4).

sort o
�r�
C 1
NIPS: 1
State of North Carolina Groundwater Section
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources�s�e�iile Regional ion
Division of Environmental Management
v
512 North Salisbury Street • Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
James G. Martin, Governor
William W. Cobey, Jr., Secretary George I Everette, Ph.D.
Director
March 8, 1990
Burlington Industries, Inc.
P.O. Box 670
Forest City, NC 28043
Attn: Mr.. Philip Klein
SUBJECT: Permit No. WQ0002007
J. C. Cowan Plant
Land Application of
Sludge
Rutherford County:
Dear Mr. Klein:
Industrial Wastewater Plant
In accordance with the policy of the Division of
Environmental Management to ensure the good quality of North
Carolina's groundwater, the referenced Permit requires
several activities related to groundwater monitoring. The
following guidelines are presented to assist you in
complying with those requirements. If you have any
questions concerning these matters, you should contact Don
Link at the address shown below to discuss the requirements
relevant to your specific facility:
Asheville Regional Office
59 Woodfin Place
Asheville, NC 28801
[phone]
Condition No. IV -2: The installation of monitor wells as
approved by the Department's Asheville Regional Office. The
North Carolina Well Construction Standards 15 NCAC 2C .0105
require that a Permit be issued prior to construction of any
monitoring well, and therefore permit application forms are
attached for your convenience. To facilitate the permitting
process, you should contact the appropriate Regional Office
personnel as described above, to discuss the location and
construction requirements relevant to your specific
facility.
POHudon Prevendon Pays
P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone]

NOTE: Please disregard the above if the installation of
approved monitoring wells has already been
completed.
Condition No. IV -3 Sampling of the referenced wells on
the schedule and for the constituents listed below:
SCHEDULE: The monitor wells must be sampled initially
after construction (and prior to waste
disposal operations) and thereafter every
April, August and November.
CONSTITUENTS:
NO3 (10.0) Ammonia Nitrogen
TDA (500.0) pH (6.5-8.5 standard units)
Chloride (250.0) Orthophosphate
Water Level
Purgeable Aromatics (in November only; as per EPA
Method 602) Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables (in
November only; as per EPA Method 625)
The measurement of water levels must be made prior to
sampling for the remaining parameters.
The numbers in parentheses represent the maximum allowable
concentrations in groundwater for the various analytical
parameters, as specified in 15 NCAC 2L [Groundwater
Classifications and Standards]. Unless otherwise specified,
the units for these concentrations are expressed as
milligrams per liter.
A supply of forms (GW -59) on which the analytical
results must be reported are attached. Instructions are
provided on the reverse of the white copy of each 3 -part
form. The analytical results should be sent to the address
shown at the top of the form and are due in our office no
later than the last working day of the month following
sample collection.
Additional forms will be provided upon receipt of the
attached form GW -59 R0.
FOR ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION RELATED TO REQUIREMENTS
FOR GROUNDWATER QUALITY PROTECTION, PLEASE REFER TO
YOUR PERMIT.

If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to
contact me at [phone].
Sincerely,
Betty G. Wilcox
Environmental Chemist
Permits and Compliance
Groundwater Section
Attachments
cc: Don Link
Central Files
Compliance Monitoring Files

MEMORANDUM
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
GROUNDWATER SECTION
December 20, 1989
TO: Don Safrit
THROUGH Bob Cheeky
FROM: Bill Reid'%P�q` —
iae:w01iwater s" Ifln
gym: -
j;
SUBJECT: Burlington Industries - J.C. Cowan Plant
Land Application of Sludge
Rutherford County
WQ0002007/GW89239
(Jack Floyd: DEM SERG Review Engineer)
The Groundwater Section has reviewed the subject permit
application and recommends issuance of the permit with the following
conditions:
1. Prior to beginning waste disposal operations, three (3)
monitor wells, 1 upgradient and 2 downgradient, shall. be
installed at Farm #2 to monitor groundwater quality. The
well(s) shall be constructed such that the water level in
the well is never above or below the screened (open) portion
of the well at any time during the year. However, the exact
location and construction details for these wells shall be
approved by the Asheville Regional Office, from which a well
construction permit must be obtained.
2. The monitor wells shall be sampled initially after
construction (and prior to waste disposal operations) and
thereafter every April, August and November for the
following parameters:
NO3 (10.0) Ammonia Nitrogen
TDS (500.0) pH (6.5-8.5 standard units)
Water Level Chloride (250.0)
Orthophosphate
Purgeable Aromatics (in November only; as per EPA
Method 602)
Acid and Base/Neutral Extractables (in November only;
as per EPA Method 625)
The measurement of water level must be made prior to
sampling for the remaining parameters.

The numbers in
concentrations
parameters, a
Classifications
the units for
per liter.
parentheses represent the maximum allowable
in groundwater for the various analytical
s specified in 15 NCAC 2L [Groundwater
and Standards]. Unless otherwise specified,
these concentrations expressed as milligrams
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to
the N.C. Division of Environmental Management on Form GW -59
[Compliance Monitoring Report Form] every May, September and
December.
3. The Compliance Boundary for the sludge disposal fields is
specified by regulations in 15 NCAC 2L, Groundwater
Classifications and Standards. An exceedance of Groundwater
Quality Standards beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject
to the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute
143-215.6(1)a. The sale of property, by the Permittee,
which is within or contiguous to the disposal site, may
alter the location of the Compliance Boundary.
For facilities permitted on or after December 30, 1983, the
Compliance Boundary is established at the lesser of 250 feet
from the sludge disposal areas, or 50 feet within the
property boundary.
If the title to any property which may affect the location
of the Compliance Boundary is changed, the Permittee shall
notify the DEM Director within 14 days. The Director shall
then establish a modified Compliance Boundary which will be
done as a modification to the Permit.
The REVIEW BOUNDARY for the sludge disposal fields is
specified by regulations in 15 NCAC 2L, Groundwater
Classifications and Standards. A REVIEW BOUNDARY is
established around disposal systems midway between the
Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the waste disposal
area. When the concentration of any substance equals or
exceeds the maximum allowable concentration of that
substance at the REVIEW BOUNDARY, as determined by
monitoring, the permittee shall either (i) demonstrate,
through predictive calculations or modeling, that natural
site conditions, facility design and operational controls
will prevent a violation of standards at the Compliance
Boundary; or, (ii) submit a plan for the alteration of
existing site conditions, facility design or operational
controls that will prevent a violation of standards at the
Compliance Boundary, and implement that plan upon its
approval by the Director.

4. Any additional groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed
necessary by the Division, shall be provided.
JWR/MC/ja
c c . 8
entralles
Permit Issuance Files