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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20190146 Ver 1_940046 AR14-06-0011 No Historic Properties_2019020114-06-0011 NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES o���� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES � '�Q� �$����` '` PRESENT OR AFFECTED FORM ��' � �� :��p� �:� .��:; . "�¢ o�°. '�' This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not �,.••-.. ;, .,,�� '�* ��� valid for Histaric Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the ��;�� Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group. PROJECT INFORMATION Project No '�11�. County: Watauga LIBR data sheet (PCE) or WBS No. F.A. No: 17BP.11.R.95 Federal Permit Required? Document.• Minimum Criteria checklist Funding.• � State ❑ Federal � Yes ❑ No Permit Type: NWP 3/ NWP 14 tva Project Description: Replace Bridge 46 on SR 1351 (Castle Ford Rd.) over Grassy Creek. Replace structure at existing location with an off-site detour. Area of Potential Effects (A.P.E.) is 23 meters (75 ft.) from centerline on each side of the road for 92 meters (300 ft.) in each direction from the bridge. No design plans provided. SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject project and determined: � There are no National Register listed ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES within the project's area of potential effects. ❑ No subsurface archaeological investigations are required for this project. � Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources. ❑ Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources considered eligible for the National Register. ❑ All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project. � There are no National Register Eligible or Listed ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present or affected by this project. (Attach any notes or documents as needec� Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions: see attached memo SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION See attached: � Map(s) ❑ Previous Survey Info Other: Signed: Caleb Smith NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST � Photos ❑Correspondence 4/2/2015 Date "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 1of14 Archaeological Survey for the Proposed Replacement of Bridge No. 46 on SR 1351 (Castle Ford Rd.) over Grassy Creek, Watauga County, North Carolina By Brooke Brilliant, Archaeological Consultants of the Carolinas, Inc. and Caleb Smith, N.C. Department of Transportation November 2014 Introduction Bridge No. 46 is located on SR 1351 (Castle Ford Rd.) in northeast Watauga County approximately 5.3 kilometers (3.3 miles) south of the community of Todd (Figure 1). The bridge is located in a narrow creek valley with steep slopes on each side (Figure 2). The bridge is oriented southwest- northeast but is described as east-west for this description. An unnamed tributary stream joins Grassy Creek a short distance south of the bridge. Grassy Creek joins the South Fork of the New River approximately 920 meters (3,019 ft.) north of the bridge. The archaeological Area of Potential Effects (A.P.E.) for this project includes an area approximately 92 meters (300 ft.) from either end of the bridge and approximately 23 meters (75 ft.) on each side of the road measuring from the centerline (Figure 3). �ousltY..��l ;�'. ��t,,O; - � '. a� --. � F �. s � � CQ 'y : , � ' �� �.,: t�i��.� ,�-Y Ci+ " . � � ,,, �' - �'f � ; ti-�� �,�"'',� � h-�y r �pd' <c ( +i' � , +1�°i� s,�' '\` � � :,,, �' -f /�J ' �( �!]4.': ' _f_��� �M1 A �I N i ,-'� r r �,,, ��°;�� :�,�, _ � '*�� x A� � �.�: ' �o..., o. .�`� f ,� , ' ���°�� �,� , � i - �� � ` �. _l � �� .�i: � ��, _ � .��„ i .� . �f � ' �'r� f�j�� t .o k� _ , � " _ x�aae ���r7 � ¢ '?�t`'� //.��/// � /� Rt.�� + � ' - ilNZWe•.♦ C�� '+ �� _ d`l � � .� � . W ��ye J � 'f � � i p- �• '�r��..r r.1 '� �+� f1 -� `S` . G'S ��.�✓'\ , �� � r,� ' ,.. ' . ;r�,r `:" " r Y �r.�,. �'' — 1 ., •_ - . 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D� f ,,,e v ..q;�� � t9.1 = ��,'� .,r,YnC r �r a:✓ a „e � �i �- ;.r,x .t �, • -- .� _. .. . . � ' S1.���.��.�ii� � " - ' - � _ , . . .T���.:.�_'�-1��, ,. . � � u. � ��t J: �_ �,�:�a.ar3r�a�,y�3oe.� �,: ��t d r7ai�i�.��,a.t���.,t,Cr� �ttN3'�s � , . � i 4 _ -- -- Cil�'•!c'll ��JL'i�r,�JJ� Figure 1: Location of Bridge 46. t r ^�.1! ��r. �-��i o tl3sn� . I: %/ ..��� J "b��� } y �a.' ✓ aqNj qy. � 1 - E � f � .,�" .r - /"�� i � a. ! �y7... � �� �.�*1rF' y ,i s�', ;d � r ; °�„�, r �T�rr.;�� ;'�� , rY�, � � F �� ��� �. , ' � q`� � � �� \, r V � � �7/�C . Je�er r � . ' ,,� �d" � ein�-,,y��F�s� �"Y% a`S� ,.y ' ��S. - r-A: � ;X� .. � f_-: � \3 ' ` V ! �LK3.3�3 � � �- ,. YJ:J':YJ:Na�?.�'-� ��3:eNJJWi�,� _- ..�-..�-��Y1+to��I�� J—_— _— — �----� . "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. 2of14 ��� r �+ � ,� � I� � '� � SC] V , r +� � �, � � � ` ` yard s � � . � / '�Fy- ,�.�;�,, .k. �.° . _ � +;, J� _ � � �, : �,� �- driveway =, ' Grass ' � .� a Y - i �'' � �R Creek - , r ,,. � � � - � ,� �``''`_-�� ' �' ' ',,` ,'' Brid e 47 ,�:,,k � .w;'�'�" � � ,.� ,�'.'�'+' "� - ,, �,, g � ' t•+.� �, ' y }j3 k . • � } �, �f ���r 1 r � , � r � �' F ,�.,.• • ' � �, ,�. � � l4Jy . q, f � ,�. , f .•�•� _, • . .� t I � , +� ° '1 . � t. . ��' � r � . 4 � i �. �, ,1t ,` ' • . .� ��t I } '�, ' , � `�� ; garden �:� # V Bridge 46 i, ' '� :.k� . �: t'!�.� � ��,` ,�� 'J � � �� f ' �yr � � �� , '� .'' ! 9 `Y .r Y "`1 '�,' � � }j . / .'� ' Y � 'i ��� �II�UIUIy i � ` � �A ,�'� 7► M - j� � � � �� �i� .��` .�' - t ���' ' � ' . � ..� _ . . J '�.�: iJ. w.i4i '� i_ Figure 3: Aerial photograph of Bridge 46. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. 3of14 The initial review of this project was conducted by N.C. Department of Transportation (NCDOT) archaeologist Caleb Smith on 8/21/2014. The review included an examination of a topographic map, the Watauga County soil survey, an aerial photograph, and listings of previously recorded sites, previous archaeological surveys, and previous environmental reviews at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA). Also, a visual reconnaissance of the project was conducted by NCDOT archaeologists Matt Wilkerson and Caleb Smith on 6/17/2014. The review recommended an archaeological survey of the level, well-drained, undisturbed parts of the A.P.E., specifically in the northwest and southwest quadrants. The archaeological survey was conducted by Bobby Southerlin and Jon Rood of Archaeological Consultants of the Carolinas, Inc. (ACC) on 9/9/2014. The following description was submitted to the NCDOT by ACC in October 2014 and revised by NCDOT archaeologist Caleb Smith. Background Research Background research consisted of an examination of the listings of previously recorded sites, previous archaeological surveys, and previous environmental reviews at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) in Raleigh. The A.P.E. has not been included in any previous archaeological surveys. The A.P.E. is not within or adjacent to any projects that have been previously reviewed by the State Historic Preservation Office (HPO). There are three previously recorded archaeological sites (31 WT 163, 31 WT 197, and 31 WT216) within a 0.8 km (0.5 mile) radius of the A.P.E. (Figure 4). None of these fall in the project A.P.E. Site 31 WT 163 (ASU site 31 WT 147) is a late Middle Archaic/early Late Archaic period lithic scatter located northeast of the project area along the south bank of the South Fork New River. It was recorded by Harvard Ayers as an addendum to Purrington's (1975) reconnaissance of Watauga County. The reconnaissance report offers a minimal site description, but does not include a site map, and does not evaluate the sites for potential inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Artifacts recovered from the site included a quartzite Morrow Mountain II projectile point, a chert Guilford projectile point/knife, and 6 chert flakes. Site 31WT197 is an unknown component prehistoric lithic scatter located in the floodplain of the South Fork New River north of the project area. Site 31WT216 is an unknown component prehistoric lithic scatter located on a hill on the east side of SR 1351 north of the project tract. The forms for both sites state that they were recorded during Purrington's (1975) reconnaissance of Watauga County (ASU numbers 31WT203 and 3WT222). However, the reconnaissance report does not mention either one. These sites will not be impacted by the replacement of Bridge No. 46. Background research also included an examination of records on recorded historic resources using the Department of Historic Resources Survey and Planning Division's mapping application web site. One recorded historic resource (WT0490) is located within a 0.8 km (0.5 mile) radius of the project (see Figure 4). Resource WT0490, located southwest of Bridge No. 46, is the Andrew Cowles House. This resource is a surveyed only property and does not have a status for the NRHP. 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'_' ` , - . �� ' t. � � J t�tCief$ ' "���f-,---�� Y�._:__�_^ - '� "+ � - �`� �,���: _ Figure 4: Topographic map of Bridge No. 46 showing the locations of previously recorded archaeological sites in the vicinity (USGS Todd, N.C. 1:24,000-scale topographic "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. Sof14 Archaeological Survey The archaeological survey consisted of pedestrian survey along four transects, one transect conducted approximately 10 meters (30 ft.) from the pavement edge in each of the four quadrants of the bridge replacement project. Shovel tests were excavated at a 30-meter (98-ft.) interval along each transect. These tests measured at least 30 centimeters (12 in.) in diameter and were excavated a minimum of 10 centimeters (4 in.) into sterile subsoil. All test fill was screened through 0.64 centimeter (0.25 in.) wire mesh. Each shovel test was backfilled upon completion. Shovel tests were not excavated at locations with slope of greater than 15 percent. Global Positioning System (GPS) readings using a sub-meter accuracy Trimble GeoExplorer handheld GPS receiver were taken at each shovel test. In all areas, shovel testing was supplemented by comprehensive examination of exposed ground surface. A total of 13 shovel test locations was examined, but shovel tests were excavated in only five of these. Table 1 describes each shovel test location. The shovel test locations are shown in Figures 5-6. Figure 5 is an aerial photograph. Figure 6 is a LiDAR image. LiDAR, an acronym for Light Detection and Ranging, is a remote sensing method which uses lasers to collect three dimensional data about the ground surface (English Heritage 2010). A hillshading effect can be applied to a LiDAR image to better view topographic features. This technique uses a hypothetical light source to create shadows which highlight minute changes in the ground surface (Jones 2010; Schuckman and Renslow 2014). Table 1: Summary of Shovel Test Locations Examined. A.P.E. Dig / No Depth Comments Quadrant Di Northeast: Shovel Test 1 Dig 40 cm (16 in.) 0-30 cm (0-12 in.) strong brown silty loam overlying 30-40 cm (12-16 in.) strong brown clay loam subsoil; yard Shovel Test 2 Dig 15 cm (6 in.) 0-10 cm (0-4 in.) overlying 10-15 cm (4-6 in.) bedrock; ridge to Northwest: Shovel Test 1 No Di - Slo e Shovel Test 2 No Di - Slo e Shovel Test 3 No Di - Slo e Shovel Test 4 No Di - Slo e Southeast: Shovel Test 1 Di 10 cm (4 in.) 0-10 cm 0-4 in. stron brown cla loam subsoil, rid e to Shovel Test 2 Dig 20 cm (8 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) strong brown clay loam overlying 15-20 cm (6-8 in.) strong brown clay loam subsoil with pebbles Shovel Test 3 Dig 20 cm (8 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) strong brown clay loam overlying 15-20 cm (6-8 in.) strong brown clay loam subsoil Southwest: Shovel Test 1 No Dig - Slope Shovel Test 2 No Dig - Slope Shovel Test 3 No Dig - Slope Shovel Test 4 No Dig - Slope, old bridge No shovel tests were excavated in the northwest quadrant because it has a low potential for archaeological sites. The landform in the A.P.E. is a narrow shelf from the bridge west for 10 meters (33 ft.), then a steep ridge that slopes up to the north (Figures 7-8). There's a driveway on the narrow shelf next to the bridge. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 6of14 . a . - �M �� .. � ` � . . � . . . � f��v. f ,Y � �� � .. . - � 1' i . � , ;� r . r ' . .. y , � p - =�r 1 ,`f+. •. � � '" i/ . 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L .+.� �, M1�. £ ' � •��.,. . , . � ��� � f . � . , � . � � , � e �h�irk r ; �� ' .� , , , �`'+(� . ��„ � „� �6.,..�. � � r4 T^p� ,� . . . � .. �� ' 1 4.,+�� � ,�.� . . 7�� �.A �. ��y .� �. ,� ,,•� , ' �N' � �,' • ... `�• -#��„ , a � ? a ��, 'M � '" i�!'i .!�`.. � �, ' , "�" M r,+ °� � 4 1 � � . � ,� e� !. ' ,4 .: . � ! � . e �a� 9 � r � r � y � �� � . � . . � � i .1is� : g � +a � A �, '� ��.• '� a 0� • #� �� "1 � '. " , ' � �- s � - r ' . . , � . , , � '�{t'� , r { r�.� � 'A � �\'aN . � � � ` • �� �. ��� f- ��:�� ��,'+,� ,� "� 'r ,� ;. � �.., •�, �+ ,�, �� -�, , �c : ` �.! .� t �`� Y,� F',�.�r�,Y, �� � ri r: � �� � _ � "� y � p 1v � •� - ;�f � ` � �r � t, #'� �� � r i.6'#, 1E' ,�'�.�� `. � � � � -��. r'��.� _ *• � sl y. �. . . . r . . ' . • �y� C � � .. , .� z . . � ,.a.. � ' , , , , .. � t ' . �� � �` , , � 'i�, � ` �yf �. �. �� �. � ,r�� �r. �� a,, ����� �, , �► �� .L , , � T 3� �,�,�,,. �a� 5��=,; .� ��,� ���� �'� +► ^: •� � �'�'i� � � �' . '��%#� �� ,�t.' ` ?�► rs � � � ' SIN'Q^ u�� �. �, '�i��, ��T #1 i'� ,#� *: � ` • r, � . � vv�� �, y � ,7,{��,� � � � ' � • � .. .� :�r Brld(,�@ 46 R�pI�CEtI'leflt &ic'�c Z6r�.PE 5hhvel Tcat� ____ Rp� (� �xi�vatcd � Gcck � ir"<rC Excaystcxi o ao ao da �o •� heeters • r.: F". �'�•"4 � 9 ��#. �.. 0 � .�4�'"-° e ,` � '�..,���. �.�# . , . t ,` _ , �� ��, � ;� ,, , k • •�r "� � � L �� 1� �* i7 � �. :� . t� �,�a � . ` � � �t '.1 ��� . `e� �' 1 • . ' r ; � �+e;,' . -� ' ",. �► �" '� � � ,;�� �� +?a T * � k �� � � s � � y!. 1�'G . � 1 � ' " �� Figure 5: Aerial photograph of Bridge 46 showing the shovel test locations. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. 7of14 � `�`.- . �k � �: � �,� ,�:I�f1 �a���� � � _ '�; k.;:. � »_<< � _ , "4, s.. . - �r r .. � � r' ��� �f� � � . � si , % �� o : . ����;: �{C •' 'r : /. CiJ 4� _ � .. � `, � .��. .� .. . . .�l��. � � � i � 9 � ^ � ����.�.�, � . ."� �� ��I �.11.=1J � � � . �� yf � � � � .,,, � �� �° �►�' � �� -� .� . � ,,. `"Q - ��� �iu o ., `� �� �-� �� ' �om � yw=�` � ����� ���,�� Q F � :. �•� ¢.# ;,� '�,; �� f ���: � �� � -- —_ — - . � ea�-� � � -� . _ �.���,.� � � _ � �_ _ _ _ _ ,, � _� : Bric��e 4+6 R�:placernent � - e.,��c �s iaaE snorol rar�s '/� -- Ro•�ad � £rscavated � a•rt Gvniour � �uf F�eava�ee _ � - �rCCk J o �o :o so eo �� ; _ -_:— -- — . : - _:�-�� L��' � h,1+.re.•.., . . Figure 6: LiDAR image of Bridge 46 showing the topography and the shovel test locations (NCDOT 2014).. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. 8of14 "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. 9of14 The classified soil type in the northwest quadrants is Chandler fine sandy loam (US Department of Agriculture [USDA] 2014). This soil type forms on ridges and mountain slopes and is very rocky. It is composed of residuum weathered from mica schist, gneiss, and other micaceous metamorphic rock, with the upper layer being affected by soil creep. It is somewhat excessively well drained and has a slope range of 30 to 50 percent. No shovel tests were excavated in the southwest quadrant because it has a low potential for archaeological sites. The landform is a narrow strip between the road and a tributary stream which meets Grassy Creek a short distance southeast of the bridge (Figures 9-10). The landform on the south side of the tributary creek is a steep slope up to the south. Like the northwest quadrant, the soil type in the southwest quadrant is Chandler fine sandy loam. Shovel tests were excavated in the southeast quadrant. The landform is a flat floodplain in a bend of Grassy Creek from the bridge east for approximately 50 meters (164 ft.). It is currently used as a large garden area (Figures 11-12). Bridge 47 is located approximately 60 meters (197 ft.) east of Bridge 46, and this quadrant is also the southwest quadrant of Bridge 47. Three shovel tests were excavated in the quadrant, including two in the floodplain in the southeast quadrant and one on a ridge top across Grassy Creek in the southeast quadrant of Bridge 47. The two shovel tests in the floodplain exposed 20 centimeters (8 in.) of strong brown clay loam overlying strong brown clay subsoil. The soil survey describes the soil as Nikwasi loam, a frequently-flooded soil that forms on depressions on floodplains and consists of loamy alluvium over sandy and gravelly alluvium. It is very poorly drained and has a slope range of 0 to 3 percent (USDA 2014). Shovel tests were excavated in the northeast quadrant. The landforms in the A.P.E. are a steeply- sloped ridge toe from the bridge east for 40 meters (131 ft.), then a flat section of floodplain in a bend of Grassy Creek (used as a residential yard) from 40-60 meters (131-197 ft.) east. Bridge 47 is located approximately 60 meters (197 ft.) east of the bridge (this quadrant is also the northwest quadrant of Bridge 47). One shovel test was placed on the ridge toe and the other was placed in the floodplain. The ridge toe test exposed 10 centimeters (4 in.) of strong brown clay loam overlying bedrock. The floodplain shovel test exposed 30 centimeters (12 in.) of strong brown silty loam overlying clay loam subsoil. The soil survey describes the floodplain soil as Nikwasi loam, a frequently-flooded soil type that forms on depressions on floodplains and consists of loamy alluvium over sandy and gravelly alluvium. It is very poorly-drained and has a slope range of 0 to 3 percent (USDA 2014). No archaeological remains were identified in the shovel tests or on exposed ground surfaces. The replacement of Bridge No. 46 will, therefore, not impact any significant archaeological resources. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 10 of 14 ,�'r.;� ` *�'�- �+ . t ,�i �-. , ' . . .� � • - _;. ; Bridge 46 =#,., _ -�r' ���. r' .�, 4-���- �� � � ��. ,�: n -.�, �„� . � �r ' .� :.�.,;;s. � � `'� , � .� - � �� *�.�� tributary .s � �;T � � � �� ��-� � k � ;�' � .}� �.� � �' �" � � "�� �, �¢ ^ ,��, n �rr�� -: ' ��,� - �,.�,. ' � " ���°�� � �-� Mr : �. i. �, .. . � , { r A ; " �. i'. w' �� �.. k� :, . " � 4 � y+ T . �' F � ' �� A����� i'� � � y �' ��� � �`� "R�� $t' ;',.,ki� � . ' 4+;.�•. + �' S`� %I r �d`-"�y�,r. , � , s'�F �: .+ +' � i .�" t �;�'rt & a�.xe � ... �' �.��4 "i . ,�;1�'. � µ� F {rd". �r1'" .r"" n �� s� .���r !�� . �,. �`�� � ,�,�s �y 4, �� z � r s � �.` +� +�;+; � t "1 ` ' � , . a ' ; � � , ' -� .�Fri; �„�.. . a�j..� �. : � r ��� F.� : �� � y� {a �t , `.y r i'� . F ,�„j7��F��"���fi�i ��y � �""' � � -►1.. � s '.r: i 'F+a'i '�i ���� ; �'� �� ; 1� f ��k �� ����/ Eti� Figure 9: East view of the southwest quadrant. � '?-�- ,� � t � � t L`�. k� k� �'� _i � � . . �� � . , k` 'F� h , y . s � /J � • �� �/� ; � � + i , -•;,.� � r � �_�J rC 1 �J � '� _ I �;e.E. ^A,�� J � .s �7�R' t Ej+ �f � ___ .�"'�k� .-�.' + t <�� 4 � 1' , ;': �R�� �'Y ' . . � � �i3 : � d �4 9 �fh�� t � w � + !!.. � � � i -'� .�a, �4E i.�y }�t�' �' i� _z„ � r. ��� , �r 4R . . i4�IR 1 . .� ` , j) . y :'� �' ' Jj * � `wTSi s�,, �� �' Ir x� i � E f _ 1 . O'�we` �w J .._� < � � }, .. - i6�1 ' "t .- j''. ,�.. � �- ; � � . � -#' � :x "=� w* � � 4 �•, s�'� �si � i =� �� ��, l�. . ` � !�'� Y. , - M ' - � � �' ' ` s�# � 1� A � ����,�'�� � � � 4 .. : t �'� � �� �� ��v- t - �"- . .i , •" yE . " .si'- '�' '�'r?•_i � � i ,;;� d� �• ��*�, , r�- "�� �e .l �"�.-�`� ' ���' A �� _ ' � � -,��'�".. �-dF4" '1 e�'� a' r.���, . ', �r'. � . .ry; .. � � � � '•r• �e� �k � � 3� � � � �' � r � .. , �i`^ ��.�b.�.y,� �� �* 'r�' .,� ,^ � �, �,,�. =o �"^ �,'� „ � - aF'. �e . �, �.,� � �"` *1P -. �• v � f � �^ - -�..� ��. �c `� '' � ��� "`4 �.,,, � *` � ���""�. �� •,a . � ��� � � � _ aS� .i_ . '�' �''' � ��'c .�� � `—� � _ , � . � .,� �� �� �� ..� � w `� ��._ "9. a_. ! �' _ �-�'.. �.ir �? 3�. i+� :� -�.'� l� ` ��+,`.-`!�.�' �' � .n �,� v s 4 �4 � *�-- '� ' L,-. y . ..�. �. � _ tv ♦ ti�.`'x �` '�M+ •� • �[-a .. � ,.0 Y �a �'+. "B� i"` ��;�' i� E�vy �y �."^ : � �, � lo-� t w` ���� a !.' . '�i€r`',��... .�� �y ��,� �, r�'4+V � 'r "a g i`�` y�"'sR�� � '� _ . .. '�'.•r'� - , +IIF T��.x.r . � ,� � � , �1 � i �M' " � .� . . ,���� �s .'1 ` �� � . � i��,'�f $x y, s ¢i� - t,:,�� �-� �, g a ��r'� � �+ � f i'`����` �'��� J��� �r� �f s�����` �� �+` - ^,� � ��� �j �! d'.w. �'�� n o+�1� v i:'�rrr� � . � i�?1F..3�,: �€ �. '~' �. �� � ,��ii'�r "� --r' 'tn '*�� , - i..... a�l,;-. -. �. . '.�. .k! .a�W:. Figure 10: Southwest view of the steep hillside in the southwest quadrant. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. 11 of 14 � � ",r �' '�� ~� � ���� � �,. ; . '�.. .-'��y �, a� �� "E" �_..��;�k -�b�.,� .. G- � � . °` `3r Y `� h � . �r *''i �'' k�. .. s r�,'�.+"'',sp';c� ' -'i . s � t' � '" �.^:2. ~: r . � > . . ��� q x � . � . y�� �i, ' F �; } �, ' � ti. �ir,c�� „2.I `"�;;- �. ' �� :t - �'i � �� ' T� ��'� =Y,,._ ..�. � t....c ,F� w°+ ' . �.ir�`, "i. 'f � ;d�.. - , _ �'^�.� � , � . �"��'.� ��.i _ �` � -� , �.. � , • ��� :� , �: �� , . �. - ..� s � -•� , � �j � �a� • , _ + ,� ' �:. � „ � � :;, � •� Y A 3 C � ���+ '���� . T-�-ve � ♦��: '�x�� � • '- `� ' 6F _ `� _ �+1 .. g . . .. . . . �• . � � " - . R �� `���� �� . .. � . _ � § � S s • . ". . �. . � � ..r� . � .. � ' F rrr � . y ` wly�' ,.�+, �,t� �, ; ` � f � � ��;a a �� * Y .�,�� � �I� � � - •� ���"�. � ♦ �'�� . "� ft,r-. T"-1... � '��; S�,a�tt a. ��.. � � �. �i �K rt .: x r. � .. v,�_.:. �d i f.. _"yi. l 32�"G 1'w+: C p ' P' 1 r `;�.�' ti�:'+�.,�ag� `s'x'�;�:. n `�a�., �FN 6 a - •� " ^t'��`� ��� � � � L � ,� � �k f.-c'�1.�- �. ��»'�.'��`����� M���� �, - �y ! '>`k � � •: • �w`��`, „ .. . ,. , :, . _ ; - .. ., � . .;r � . ;� � .,� '� , , � ,'4� � '�� "4�'.( E"4 ,. r . t y,� � -.,�'���``i 1 ;� Figure 12: Southwest view of southeast quadrant (at shovel test 2). "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. 12 of 14 "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. 13 of 14 � �� � � ' � k E.Gt �ar^�r� - J�'�_ _ � ,�r �'L ': y� :. i �.d^!� '.''� y� , l �y ���t�'-"� ?� � „ �«* � �� .� � ..."'1}` '" � $ s ' , � �:t� � � L;i^� �` �s z "'�- ` : � �� �li' � �;� -'y�. � c .�^'�s„ �+c � � °�,�i =•� a +3 � ,f 7F� "C4 •t� �" � : r'�4'R" ."!�:i��—..E,.- � v . �a� ^�� . � _ . ,�.rt."s �'-�".'��#" -..`, ,,,a� . �.a wail� . .. - � �""P.,,f, —, .- �'` -`.i� ` �y e ,� # . ��� '�'��. �=��� ��r �y� Bridge 47 � � � �, ^ � �� � 3��� y � i�a I J`e . . . , � � a e . { {� R �� �� `��� � Z � -;: � .. .— ' �.{—'= q � .y`� � �'� . . � k:� �,��. : c y ��� � a� � �'N h �.• � •: � av �L � ` �t,P ,7 p_';: . �, � `t°°��� �\ _ . T^.Y, � ',,�M ` ��1,"�. `. .� � � � fi h, �sb':'t �'`�` Y`nc�:�!� ' 1. � _ ' ; � . . , . +S ..Y'�4[� "a¢"'s . . ` ' �.�„^V�}'MrK„��.a� T�'4X�M�l�sa..�+b�'�lya �H" . '�' —v�h+. � . - . � �3�xE,.,�'Te �,.- s""�;'�e� �"�'-� �. aw�,`s"" - . -. �� �.. �.. � ; ,. . .. , , � _ . . �, r _ _ '�.. a. . Figure 15: North view of the northeast quadrant (at shovel test 1). References Cited Jones, David M., editor 2010 The Light Fantastic: Using Airborne Lidar in Archaeological Sur-vey., English Herigate Publishing, Swindon, UK. North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) 2014 Lidar image. Electronic Document. http://connect.ncdot.gov/resource/gis/Pages/Cont-Elev_v2.aspx, accessed October 3, 2014. Purrington, Burton L. 1975 A Preliminary Report ofArchaeological Surveys in Watauga County, North Carolina, 1970- 1974. Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina. Schuckman, Karen and Mike Renslow 2014 Slope, Aspect and Hillshade. Electronic Document. www.e-education.psu.edu/lidar, accessed October 23, 2014. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 2014 Web Soil Survey. Electronic Document. www.websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov, accessed September 30, 2014. United States Geological Survey (USGS) 1966 Todd, NC USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Tran�sportation Projects as Qualifted in the �007 Programmatic Agreement. 14 of 14