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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20190142 Ver 1_No National Register Eligible or Listed Archaeological Sites Present PA16-12-006_20190130Project Tracking No.: 16-12-0006 NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES •oQ�'� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES ,.,�:��.�^��,� ,,. �.p,�... i��'' � � �� �`�' PRESENT FORM ��;� , � ' _4��' ��:� : _. � ,� �'a:..,. :�: s� This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not �;�•..`. :� � ���`:� valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the �� Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group. PROJECT INFORMATION PYo�ect Ivo: Bridge No. 164 County: Alamance WBS No F.A. No. 17BP.7.R.106 na Federal Permit Required? Document: Minimum Criteria Funding: � State ❑ Federal � Yes ❑ No Permit Type: NWP# 3 or 14 Project Description: The project calls for the replacement of Bridge No. 164 on SR 1113 (Kimesville Road) over Stinking Quarter Creek in Alamance County. The archaeological Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the project is defined as an approximate 600 foot (182.88 m) long corridor running roughly 300 feet (91.44 m) north and 300 feet south along Kimesville Road from center of Bridge No. 164. The corridor is approximatelyl SO feet (45.72 m) wide extending 75 feet (22.86 m) on either side of the road from its present center. SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject project and determined: I��I � �I /1 0 There are no National Register listed or eligible ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present within the project's area of potential effects. (Attach any notes or documents as needed) No subsurface archaeological investigations were required for this project. Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources. Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources considered eligible for the National Register. All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT` form for the Amended Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 1 of 9 Project Tracking No.: 16-12-0006 Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions: Bridge No. 164 is located south of Burlington and west of Swepsonville in the southwestern portion of Alamance County, North Carolina. The project area is plotted in the southwest corner of the Burlington USGS 7.5' topographic quadrangle (Figure 1). A map review and site file search was conducted at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) on December 13, 2016. No previously recorded archaeological sites have been identiiied within the APE and only one site (31AM307) is within a mile of bridge. According to the North Carolina State Histaric Preservation Office online data base (HPOWEB 2016), there are no known historic architectural resources within the APE that may yield intact archaeological deposits. Topographic maps, USDA soil survey maps, aerial photographs (NC One Map), historic maps (North Carolina maps website), and Google Street View application were also examined for information on environmental and cultural variables that may have contributed to prehistoric or historic settlement within the project limits and to assess the level of ground disturbance. An archaeological survey was conducted on January 31, 2017 to further assess the project area. Bridge 164 and Kimesville Road cross Stinking Quarter Creek north to south. Stinking Quarter Creek drains east into Alamance Creek. These waterways are part of the Cape Fear drainage basin. The APE is situated along a floodplain with hillside slopes at either end leading to ridge tops (Figure 2). The project area is forested (Figures 3 and 4), but vegetation on the eastern side of Kimesville Road along the utility corridor has been recently cleared (Figure 5). Fill associated with a former road alignment and a previous bridge occupies the southeast quadrant (Figures 6 and 7). This former alignment appears to rejoin the current road on the north side of Stinking Quarter Creek. It has been suggested that this fill layer might not be a former roadbed but the deliberate dumping of excess soil in an unused and easily accessible space. This seems unlikely as an overgrown road trace running to the southeast intersects with this layer of fill. Overall, ground disturbance is minimal within the floodplain in the northeast, northwest, and southwest quadrants, but soil erosion becomes severe on the slopes with subsoil at the surface. The current road is also elevated on an earthen embankment within the floodplain. Disturbance from utilities is minimal. The review of the USDA soil survey map shows the APE composed of Congaree fine sandy loam (Cg), Moderate gullied land (Me; Mg), and Lloyd clay loam (LaD3) (see Figure 2). The Congaree fine sandy loam is reported to make up the floodplain south of the creek, and it was thought that this series extended to the north. However, the iield investigation determined that this series is not within the APE. While the Congaree series is moderately well drained to well drained and consists of deep sandy loam, the actual soils are somewhat well drained to poorly drained and consist of a shallow clay loam. It is unclear what soil series is represented within the floodplain, but it does not appear to be well suited for early settlement activities. The Moderate gullied land is shown on the hillside and floodplain north of the creek and on the hillside to the south. The Mg variant is composed of Helena, Enon, and Wilkes soils with a slope of 6 to 25 percent, while Me variant consists of Cecil, Appling, and Lloyd soils with slightly less steep slope of 6 to 15 percent. Although well drained, the gullied land series is severely eroded with moderate to deep gullies. It seems the present soils are consistent with the report, since this is a broad series. However, actual gullies are few and shallow. Lastly, the Lloyd clay loam is along the southern hillside. It too is well drained with a slope of 10 to 15 percent and severely eroded. This is an accurate description. The Lloyd and Moderate gullied land are not likely to contain intact archaeological deposits due to erosion. The site file at OSA identified few archaeological investigations in the nearby area with only one site (31AM307) being recorded within a mile of the bridge. Site 31AM307 is known as the Sharpe-Moser Mill. It was recorded by archaeologist with NC DOT in 1990 during investigations for TIP B-2000. The grist mill dates from the mid-19th to the early 20th century and was determined eligible for the National Register. Other sites found over a mile away are typically situated along ridges and ridge tops on fairly level Georgeville silt loam or Helena sandy loam that have minimal soil erosion. Very few sites in the "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" form for the Amended Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 2 of 9 Project Tracking No.: 16-12-0006 county have been located along floodplains or stream terraces with most being historic mills such as 31AM307, but it is not uncommon for prehistoric site to be found if conditions are right. Typically throughout North Carolina, well drained soils in a floodplain can yield prehistoric material since these areas are ideal spots for habitation. As for historic sites, an inspection of a bare earth lidar image displayed no landscape features associated with historic mills within the project area. Therefore, it is unlikely for any historic features to be present. A historic map review was also conducted prior to the field investigation. The earliest map in which an approximate location for the project area could be determined is on William Spoon's 1893 Map of Alamance County (Figure 8). This map depicts a road with similar alignment as Kimesville Road with a crossing near the current bridge site but not within the project limits. No households appear to be plotted within the project area either. The circa 1910 Rural Delivery Routes for Alamance County has a similar picture, but the road and crossing have been realigned to the west with the original road still in use to the east (Figure 9). This new alignment of Kimesville Road more closely follows the current alignment and is most likely represented by the former roadbed in the southeast quadrant. The 1910 map also depicts no structures near the APE. A more modern layout for the road and region is found on the 1938 North Carolina State Highway Map for Alamance County (Figure 10). The original road to the east is no longer present, and a bridge is identified. Again, structures are well away from the APE. The maps continue to support the assumption that no any historic deposits to be found within the limits of the project. The archaeological field investigation at Bridge No. 164 consisted of three shovel test placements (STPs) in each of the following quadrants: the northeast, northwest, and southwest (see Figure 2). Due to poor surface visibility, no surface inspection was carried out. No STPs were plotted in areas were soil erosion or ground disturbance was obvious. This included the entire southeast quadrant, which is covered in fill, and the slopes leading up to the ridges, which were identified as eroded. Soil stratigraphy is regular across the floodplain. The surface layer is a dark yellowish brown (lOYR 3/6) clay loam that is approximate 10 to 20 cm (ca. 4 to 8 in) thick. This is likely an alluvial deposit. It is followed by strong brown (7.SYR 4/6) clay subsoiL The water table is high and encountered at the interface of the two soil layers. As previously noted, the soils identified do not correspond with the descriptions in the soil survey report. No cultural resources were identiiied in any of the STPs. The archaeological investigations for the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 164 will not impact any significant archaeological resources. The fill associated with a former road alignment and crossing seems to be early 20th century in origin and provide no new or important information towards the history of the region. The historic maps also suggest no relevant feature in the area. Soil erosion is present along the slopes and unlikely to yield intact deposits. Lastly, archaeological subsurface tests within the floodplain failed to record any archaeological artifacts and shows that soils are poorer than initially thought. No further archaeological wark is required far replacement of Bridge No. 164 in Alamance County. However, additional work might be required should design plans change to encompass property outside of the currently defined APE. SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION See attached: � Map(s) ❑ Previous Survey Info Signed: ��_ C. 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"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Projeets a,s Qualified in the 2007 Psogrammatic Agreement. 4 of 9 Project Tracking No.: 16-12-0006 � � :R '�. . � l .} . �rb ��2 . � 4� ���,�ti'' y w . , l 'K . k{�� "+�,' + '� ,.� �, , �,.. t A�,. k T- ..:� ��� � {� `�� , 1 �� �, 1 . .� � 4 "�" � �.�+ "� �,s� <R.i i �1 .�7 i ../�' � ,�i x�n �� ' :- . ,� ..'r �,�{�i •y �y . �` d '�` - � 5 f� � �r'j .i ` r.�. I . .�� '_ -�', ...• •* t ��•�,. F ` � '� � 1 �.. I . � �1 -' r ���' r � - � . , � ,: . 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'� �' . � �: .r4 ' . �+ ��` Bridge 164 �f f,�'."� � e. �`r' ���`; �'� ' ,.� .� : r � � a� APE4Fted] `��� _ 1{ `� � _ `� ;t ���,; � r,,F �� � ��y ' %� �� � �' . , ,�;:� " � ��'�,'t ,� ; � { , �� _ � � .�, .� � � 6 � f ,� � � �� > _ � fi L r� r'« ; �' � h � � 2' Y r , rti �Y � � ' .� � �. ��i': '�' � { �� s,�, , �,a ''� g�� �r�� �� y�G �. ;i � _ ,5�. � � � � P � +''� �' r � !' o' ; %� , r i ' r` _ 1 . . r• i F , F- "��,�h. 'y� �', �� x.k�' �. ifi' ,,.� { �� , . ��. ..,�r �.� 1 a I �� C I � ��75•q 'r� 4 1 •�^ � K ' �' Il,� �n �� ti� � �.�. ' '��' ��i ,G'� '� h:. '�t �, �,`!: . I � . � ��� ,�. ,.t � :f `- ��'f �- ' :' e,',,� J �A �3 i -.�� �#` �� A � ^� 'r r � �T.� � �� - r-t y �. � �6�� . `�� �I � a�` � r .,�� - �r � { ` � f `�r ' � f ''�w,� ^° � � u N i F a` � �.a � ' ! � �� � - � i,�� ` I �� � j a � �� � ! j . i:y� � ' '.+„I�� J!t : , .�.1 � � � � - v ..a,v' ,� : �, � �.1�°j u �, �" � � I '�� ` r��'� %T . . . � np� , . � � � ��4T tl ., , : j - °� _ ' Y i�r t � � � 4 � � ��� �'' �j R�� ;�rM� ��-�� �'�� � � {' . � �� ��'�.�a *� �r; ���..��I- �r f� -'.f, � ..��` J �� �� .i. a� �'r r., �. �., � � �� � _ .i , � ���,;� I �.� �'1 �_ . �j't � ,�y�, �' � ` ' . t �� " . , 7.'�, '':. . t4,, ; �,':.. , � �,, . T'r , ,' �.. ,I '{�r �* � r� � 'n . � 'x 4 ` f+'� . ' �"� �' � a, .`Y f � d �• q� � d � + : v : H . �; ,v., ' � �� '�F g�1 P, .a�}�. . 7 * y �p ,� .. ��� � k . _ .. � .. . . E ,� } � '''yyy r � , • i .�. +..g� � ° A �% � f . 3 . ' � ,} � {� ��,f - ..��:�.1 _�.� . { �.: a�Ir��� � 4 � �:'� � . ��; � . y`, " '�� ,�_'d r ' � �';'� � � `� ,�� a�� � �,-' _., r f ' i �t'. ,� . . ■ '� `` ,r i � � , + `�<°��1 + , fi e �a ` � � • ��_ �. �- STPs , Soils �- . �I Contour at � feet � + �'}r' ��� �•, '� � � �; 4 = 0 300 N Feet ,� 0 id0 W E Meters Afamar�ce Gou+vty 5 Figure 2. Aerial photograph of the APE showing development, landforms, soils, and STPs within and near the project area. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Projeets a,s Qualified in the 2007 Psogrammatic Agreement. 5 of 9 Project Tracking No.: 16-12-0006 .� � '�! -�..�+� �� ; � � � a. nl_ �, \ r �, � • ' f - :,� , , • � • ��; � '�"` "' 'fy .y. � �� /',�`� '�� ,f ,1 � o --- � .'r � � °-.� s A � t I � ..� 1 +. .!. ` .C:'�.�. rA 4 \ -�� E � � �. 4i' �,� F ', 3, i, � y �..'.I � �: � 4 ���� 1 � �' t h� s � � +� � . � , ir , 1: • ' .� � : �.. � � ..� [� ` 4�� � y.�` �' 1� . ]�' .. !_.:C. .��; � 1 � }/'� � y , �Mr, a..¢ a,, - ; i �'�.� i � � � f t� r � �R f � � 4 , � ai ��. � �. �' � . �"' �� ,� a � ' 4 � �. r T �I fk� M r�rE � .- i � � i '� � � •%i',� x{ }��� '* a!� 1�� �"� }, # � E ,`�i� �� �+ � . �a Y � �: �'i � ` F4` � � � e M 1 � � z � , � r � , Y � d!�E � ` � �-. _ � � . : r� � ��y'} � �' � � �.. � 4 'Q* � : t I�P�� n`i�s �y, r�l..'+� ��P x� �A� �i � I �1 T{ j` y : *3`� / ., ' Jl�' � 4: '�4 � � i� �•; � a i � t � 1 r1�, f'� k' ! f . � c.. r� q�r�� , � #��I 4 �� �,,� k� � '� � � e r.. f 4 t `� %��� ,� ,� � �'" } il � R d 1 '�� 3'�yS�` � �}�8� �� y �, �' . ��k � � i� �''�- 3 ! I! �,�y l t . � S . � . " . - :. i ��8 �:a f .ir,y � - ��.:�:� .-.,,�?� ��� +�� � i�1�� a� � t Ir �� �. .f��- . ., < . 3'� � � •� �eS� :- �.� :� �-? 1 ' r 5 i.. . �$ �. � � � . � ' � ' ` f �« .��' �w _. ..� y _ � � �,� r �` �,. li � . '��{ % � , .� , :�^��lT ��" '� �,�h,��! ` f ��. t ' �' `..y � i . '•_�� �' ':..f -�t -��� �� � ��rW# � ��19i'i` .s- S , �� di" { tl I _�� � - _ __ � �tr . �' � � •d . � �:+��,�; � a: � �, a.:�-�` � c l+4, x.. �' . 4 i �f�� �.. �t• ��, # � y ,,. -•. ��i` �� 1`y,Z,� ��� �yl ���i�_;���li���3� ` ��s'�: •>�i>� a� �M�Ia.;, ��' � `� �`' �Ir� j+ � rar,�e` x����' °,�� �� -^ C°� � ��v�� , � ' �';. ` �`'� � '"�, � a��. �:� 4'. . . ►— � ��' . .1 i1� , Y�. �w;��� ��� 9.� yyp ' ���4...° g��rns.rs. i � ' � S R 4.1., �' . � � N�.;'. rl 'i -, � . � ..+. _ .. . t _ �� t ..�y . i . 'Y r - ,�.'. ,�,: � zr� �. . . .Z ' �'��} �L'A�q` e '.�bT � '` � . r �� h�+� �! '�L , . � 4� .- ti � x �*�'�. p ... �� ���' �`, �, � �.. `4� � � �'� � " x.r' fi -, N 1 r+e 'r � i � ��'G' ..� � �. � �. � . � 'y���. FS e §s . , a� � ' .. � 7s:�� �` ` 4 �t 'r' ' �F 5 ,,.. 1.`., i `..�� i'� ` ' . � 1�, ✓:�M � �s � ' ��`,., y ���.'{r+T x � � �"n � �-, � `. �I �, �i��, � 4'',r '�= ,��°�.:�J �SC.r f, • r +' ir► '`v �a'� $,�n, � �� {'ki' ��,.�'� s:+� t9f a '�" �1� ��`�� � �. , ��r ti� Figure 3. General View of the floodplain showing the forest in the southwest quadrant looking north. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Projeets a,s Qualified in the 2007 Psogrammatic Agreement. 6 of 9 Figure 4. General View of the loodplaii� showing the forest in the northwest quadrant looking south. Project Tracking No.: 16-12-0006 "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Projects a,s Qualified in the 2007 Psogrammatic Agreement. 7 of 9 Figure 5. General View of the floodplain showing the forest and recent clearing in the northeast quadrant looking south. Figurc 6. Gcncral Vicw of thc formcr road alignmcnt in thc southcast quad��ant lool<ing no��th. Project Trackzng No.: 16- I Z-���6 "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT ` Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Pr�ojects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 8 of 9 Figure 7. General View of the former road alignment in the southeast quadrant showing the level of fll looking south. Figure 8. The 1893 William Spoon's Map ofAlamance County showing the location of the project area. Project Tracking No.: 16- I Z-���6 � �� ! ��S/ • Pro�ect Area � �� � \ * � §� \ � /�C<-�� l,` I , :. , l "L� `' ^1•�, --_ � .f %{ � . i. . ��� � � ��,. .'�Q� ��J';y'�r��"� . '�� .. l'' . r^'��.r..�� �� � . � t:, E �` � ' ' +� ' '� . r+;�. �♦�� , � �:,:,.�: � � a� �I � • � ,�� +, �Mr �° �: � Figure 9. The circa 1910 Rural Delivery Routes for Alamance Counry showing the location of the project area. � � , * 4� � � '� ,3 � � { � � , . � Pra►��ct �►rea ; � � ��'�'.��� • �� ! � �l '.� � � �t �I �:�;. �'►� � � i � � �}_', `, j, �4 �. �► hA�1 �'V �E �" "� ,�. j �� +SATTLEGR+pU���{? �'+ •rv�,�,�1�-"��`T �w9 '���'')r � . � � � � . � _ ;;, ` �� � ' � �� . � � _.. -� � f�,�+ � :��� �� � � � �:' �► ,�C� r �� . �� � ,� ��� w � ��'�- �`,' �. ♦ � M � �� � �� ` � . ' � - �" � ` � , � � �: ' - �,* 1 � f-~`^ ' ' : � Figure 10. The 1938 North Carolina State Highway Map for Alamance County showing the location of the project area. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT ` Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Pr�ojects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 9 of 9