HomeMy WebLinkAbout20190142 Ver 1_No National Register Eligible or Listed Archaeological Sites Present PA16-12-006_20190130Project Tracking No.:
16-12-0006
NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
•oQ�'� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES ,.,�:��.�^��,�
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�'a:..,. :�: s� This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not �;�•..`. :� �
���`:� valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the ��
Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group.
PROJECT INFORMATION
PYo�ect Ivo: Bridge No. 164 County: Alamance
WBS No
F.A. No.
17BP.7.R.106
na
Federal Permit Required?
Document: Minimum Criteria
Funding: � State ❑ Federal
� Yes ❑ No Permit Type: NWP# 3 or 14
Project Description:
The project calls for the replacement of Bridge No. 164 on SR 1113 (Kimesville Road) over Stinking
Quarter Creek in Alamance County. The archaeological Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the project
is defined as an approximate 600 foot (182.88 m) long corridor running roughly 300 feet (91.44 m) north
and 300 feet south along Kimesville Road from center of Bridge No. 164. The corridor is
approximatelyl SO feet (45.72 m) wide extending 75 feet (22.86 m) on either side of the road from its
present center.
SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject
project and determined:
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There are no National Register listed or eligible ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present
within the project's area of potential effects. (Attach any notes or documents as needed)
No subsurface archaeological investigations were required for this project.
Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources.
Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources
considered eligible for the National Register.
All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all
compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT`
form for the Amended Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions:
Bridge No. 164 is located south of Burlington and west of Swepsonville in the southwestern portion of
Alamance County, North Carolina. The project area is plotted in the southwest corner of the Burlington
USGS 7.5' topographic quadrangle (Figure 1).
A map review and site file search was conducted at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) on December
13, 2016. No previously recorded archaeological sites have been identiiied within the APE and only one
site (31AM307) is within a mile of bridge. According to the North Carolina State Histaric Preservation
Office online data base (HPOWEB 2016), there are no known historic architectural resources within the
APE that may yield intact archaeological deposits. Topographic maps, USDA soil survey maps, aerial
photographs (NC One Map), historic maps (North Carolina maps website), and Google Street View
application were also examined for information on environmental and cultural variables that may have
contributed to prehistoric or historic settlement within the project limits and to assess the level of ground
disturbance. An archaeological survey was conducted on January 31, 2017 to further assess the project
area.
Bridge 164 and Kimesville Road cross Stinking Quarter Creek north to south. Stinking Quarter Creek
drains east into Alamance Creek. These waterways are part of the Cape Fear drainage basin. The APE is
situated along a floodplain with hillside slopes at either end leading to ridge tops (Figure 2). The project
area is forested (Figures 3 and 4), but vegetation on the eastern side of Kimesville Road along the utility
corridor has been recently cleared (Figure 5). Fill associated with a former road alignment and a previous
bridge occupies the southeast quadrant (Figures 6 and 7). This former alignment appears to rejoin the
current road on the north side of Stinking Quarter Creek. It has been suggested that this fill layer might
not be a former roadbed but the deliberate dumping of excess soil in an unused and easily accessible
space. This seems unlikely as an overgrown road trace running to the southeast intersects with this layer
of fill. Overall, ground disturbance is minimal within the floodplain in the northeast, northwest, and
southwest quadrants, but soil erosion becomes severe on the slopes with subsoil at the surface. The
current road is also elevated on an earthen embankment within the floodplain. Disturbance from utilities
is minimal.
The review of the USDA soil survey map shows the APE composed of Congaree fine sandy loam (Cg),
Moderate gullied land (Me; Mg), and Lloyd clay loam (LaD3) (see Figure 2). The Congaree fine sandy
loam is reported to make up the floodplain south of the creek, and it was thought that this series extended
to the north. However, the iield investigation determined that this series is not within the APE. While the
Congaree series is moderately well drained to well drained and consists of deep sandy loam, the actual
soils are somewhat well drained to poorly drained and consist of a shallow clay loam. It is unclear what
soil series is represented within the floodplain, but it does not appear to be well suited for early settlement
activities. The Moderate gullied land is shown on the hillside and floodplain north of the creek and on the
hillside to the south. The Mg variant is composed of Helena, Enon, and Wilkes soils with a slope of 6 to
25 percent, while Me variant consists of Cecil, Appling, and Lloyd soils with slightly less steep slope of 6
to 15 percent. Although well drained, the gullied land series is severely eroded with moderate to deep
gullies. It seems the present soils are consistent with the report, since this is a broad series. However,
actual gullies are few and shallow. Lastly, the Lloyd clay loam is along the southern hillside. It too is
well drained with a slope of 10 to 15 percent and severely eroded. This is an accurate description. The
Lloyd and Moderate gullied land are not likely to contain intact archaeological deposits due to erosion.
The site file at OSA identified few archaeological investigations in the nearby area with only one site
(31AM307) being recorded within a mile of the bridge. Site 31AM307 is known as the Sharpe-Moser
Mill. It was recorded by archaeologist with NC DOT in 1990 during investigations for TIP B-2000. The
grist mill dates from the mid-19th to the early 20th century and was determined eligible for the National
Register. Other sites found over a mile away are typically situated along ridges and ridge tops on fairly
level Georgeville silt loam or Helena sandy loam that have minimal soil erosion. Very few sites in the
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
form for the Amended Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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county have been located along floodplains or stream terraces with most being historic mills such as
31AM307, but it is not uncommon for prehistoric site to be found if conditions are right. Typically
throughout North Carolina, well drained soils in a floodplain can yield prehistoric material since these
areas are ideal spots for habitation. As for historic sites, an inspection of a bare earth lidar image
displayed no landscape features associated with historic mills within the project area. Therefore, it is
unlikely for any historic features to be present.
A historic map review was also conducted prior to the field investigation. The earliest map in which an
approximate location for the project area could be determined is on William Spoon's 1893 Map of
Alamance County (Figure 8). This map depicts a road with similar alignment as Kimesville Road with a
crossing near the current bridge site but not within the project limits. No households appear to be plotted
within the project area either. The circa 1910 Rural Delivery Routes for Alamance County has a similar
picture, but the road and crossing have been realigned to the west with the original road still in use to the
east (Figure 9). This new alignment of Kimesville Road more closely follows the current alignment and
is most likely represented by the former roadbed in the southeast quadrant. The 1910 map also depicts no
structures near the APE. A more modern layout for the road and region is found on the 1938 North
Carolina State Highway Map for Alamance County (Figure 10). The original road to the east is no longer
present, and a bridge is identified. Again, structures are well away from the APE. The maps continue to
support the assumption that no any historic deposits to be found within the limits of the project.
The archaeological field investigation at Bridge No. 164 consisted of three shovel test placements (STPs)
in each of the following quadrants: the northeast, northwest, and southwest (see Figure 2). Due to poor
surface visibility, no surface inspection was carried out. No STPs were plotted in areas were soil erosion
or ground disturbance was obvious. This included the entire southeast quadrant, which is covered in fill,
and the slopes leading up to the ridges, which were identified as eroded. Soil stratigraphy is regular
across the floodplain. The surface layer is a dark yellowish brown (lOYR 3/6) clay loam that is
approximate 10 to 20 cm (ca. 4 to 8 in) thick. This is likely an alluvial deposit. It is followed by strong
brown (7.SYR 4/6) clay subsoiL The water table is high and encountered at the interface of the two soil
layers. As previously noted, the soils identified do not correspond with the descriptions in the soil survey
report. No cultural resources were identiiied in any of the STPs.
The archaeological investigations for the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 164 will not impact any
significant archaeological resources. The fill associated with a former road alignment and crossing seems
to be early 20th century in origin and provide no new or important information towards the history of the
region. The historic maps also suggest no relevant feature in the area. Soil erosion is present along the
slopes and unlikely to yield intact deposits. Lastly, archaeological subsurface tests within the floodplain
failed to record any archaeological artifacts and shows that soils are poorer than initially thought. No
further archaeological wark is required far replacement of Bridge No. 164 in Alamance County.
However, additional work might be required should design plans change to encompass property outside
of the currently defined APE.
SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION
See attached: � Map(s) ❑ Previous Survey Info
Signed:
��_
C. Damon Jones
NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST
� Photos ❑Correspondence
2/7/ 17
Date
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
form for the Amended Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Alamar�ce �ourrty S
Figure 1. Topographic Setting of the Project Area, Burlington (1969; photorevised 1981), Gibsonville
(1970; revised 1994, Kimesville (1970; photorevised 1982), and Snow Camp (1978), NC, USGS 7.5'
Topographic Quadrangle.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Projeets a,s Qualified in the 2007 Psogrammatic Agreement.
4 of 9
Project Tracking No.:
16-12-0006
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Figure 2. Aerial photograph of the APE showing development, landforms, soils, and STPs within and
near the project area.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Projeets a,s Qualified in the 2007 Psogrammatic Agreement.
5 of 9
Project Tracking No.:
16-12-0006
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Figure 3. General View of the floodplain showing the forest in the southwest quadrant looking north.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Projeets a,s Qualified in the 2007 Psogrammatic Agreement.
6 of 9
Figure 4. General View of the loodplaii� showing the forest in the northwest quadrant looking south.
Project Tracking No.:
16-12-0006
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Projects a,s Qualified in the 2007 Psogrammatic Agreement.
7 of 9
Figure 5. General View of the floodplain showing the forest and recent clearing in the northeast quadrant
looking south.
Figurc 6. Gcncral Vicw of thc formcr road alignmcnt in thc southcast quad��ant lool<ing no��th.
Project Trackzng No.:
16- I Z-���6
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT `
Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Pr�ojects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
8 of 9
Figure 7. General View of the former road alignment in the southeast quadrant showing the level of fll
looking south.
Figure 8. The 1893 William Spoon's Map ofAlamance County showing the location of the project area.
Project Tracking No.:
16- I Z-���6
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Figure 9. The circa 1910 Rural Delivery Routes for Alamance Counry showing the location of the project
area.
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Figure 10. The 1938 North Carolina State Highway Map for Alamance County showing the location of
the project area.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT `
Jorm for the Amended Minor Transportation Pr�ojects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
9 of 9