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HomeMy WebLinkAbout19991233 Ver 1_Monitoring Report_200008011 q6 Environmental Monitoring Program The Preserve at Jordan Lake Golf Club Chatham County, North Carolina 0 n ?h( "r f le. U, rV V N Prepared By: Turf & Environmental management Associates Raleigh, North Carolina August, 2000 es? t Environmental Monitoring Program Page 2 1.0 Introduction A water quality monitoring program has been established for The Preserve at Jordan Lake Golf f Club. The monitoring program will include monitoring of surface water, pond sediments, and ground water. The monitoring plan, based on sound, scientific principles will: 1 ..- 1. Establish a baseline of water and sediment quality prior to construction, 2. Provide data that will establish environmental conditions, thus providing a basis for measuring compliance with environmental regulations, and u,-- 3. Ensure that Integrated Pest Management is functioning properly. ,dV lcel e4 eu.cc An adaptation from a model proposed Madhun and Freed (1990 otes that there are four basic types of monitoring which can occur: - periodic observation to disclose changes or trends. With IPM employed this is an integral part of this program; 2) Surveillance - to comply with an enforcement program. Pesticide application licensing programs require record- keeping which may be monitored at any time. This will be required by law and serves as a record of a part of the cultural program; 3) Subjective - spot-checking for broad or open-ended exploration of problems. A superintendent with training and experience in the golf course management industry has the background and resources to investigate problems and make intelligent decisions; and 4) Objective - to provide data for use in developing or confirming the results of on-going programs. Monitoring operations at The Preserve at Jordan Lake Golf Club will focus on maintaining environmental quality and obtaining information on which to make adjustments in cultural programs using all of these approaches. Results of the Environmental Water Quality monitoring program provide feedback to the golf course superintendent, and thus provide a useful management tool. For example, the results of the program are used in determining the correct application rates and timing of pesticides and fertilizers, and the optimum operation of irrigation programs. The Environmental Monitoring Program is established in two phases that coincide with golf course development. Phase s during the construction and development phase and immediate post-development time-frame, and Phase II is the post-development, operational golf course. Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program Page 3 2.0 PRASE I: BACKGROUND CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT PHASE - SURFACE WATER, GROUNDWATER, AND SEDIMENT QUALITY. The goal of Phase I is to establish background surface water, groundwater and sediment quality at The Preserve at Jordan Lake Golf Club. 2.1. Sa T.eEat?io Surface Water. ace water on the property are several unnamed tributaries which ess the property to Jordan Lake. Water will be sampled at locations on the creeks that are described below and shown on attached p (SW means surface water): t- Sample Station SW-1 & SW-2. Surface water test location at discharge location Sample Station SW-3. & SW -4 Surface water test location upstream of project Obtaining water samples from the same location is important so that comparisons can be made. Sample stations will be located and. permanently marked in the field, identified on maps, and photographed so that stations are easily located during subsequent sampling efforts. Data from these sample stations will allow an assessment of the quality of the water. Groundwater. S rficial groundwater will be sampled at nine locations that will be y the geologist based on flow directions. Four wells will be up-gradient, and five wells will be down-gradient of the golf course. Locations will be described once they are determined, and will be given below and shown on attached map (MW means monitor well). !..-•qu? c. /Ate Sample Station NIW-1 thru MW-4 and MW-9 are downgradient • Sample Station NIW-5 thru MW-8 are upgradient.. ,f,.> .1 e ,41 .v4^0AJ Ir Groundwater sample stations will be field marked, identified on maps, and photographed. Data from these sample stations will allow an assessment of the quality of the groundwater on the site. Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program Page 4 Sediment. Pond sediment will be sampled from the sediments of three tributaries. The location is described below and shown on attached map (S means sediment). Sample Station S-1. thru S-3 are downgradint. • Sample Station S-4.thru S-6 are upgradient to measure sediment that may be entering the property. The sediment sampling station will be impounded during construction. Thus, in subsequent sampling phases, the location will be changed from the tributary to the pond that will be constructed. 2.2. Sample Frequency. The goal of Phase I is to define c ditions ate the site. Surface Water. Surface water samples will be col ecte three 'mes pri to beginning Phase H. Depending on the construction schedu e, one e eve will be in Wj= (December, January, February), Spring (March, ril, May) in Summer (June, July, August), and one in Autumn (September, October, ovember). Shou'2water not be available on a given sarn Tp date, two additional attempts should be made to obtain a sample within the time period. C? a a Groundwater. Groundwater samples will be collected three times during this phase. Sediment. Sediment will be collected one time during the spring sample time. This phase of the monitoring program will be converted to Phase II when grassing has been completed. 2.3. Sample Variables. -Surface water, groundwater and sediments will be analyzed for the variables listed in Table 1. The inclusion of pesticides in the alytes as based on several factors that are detailed in the Integrated Pest Management plan ( eparation) for The Preserve at Jordan Lake Golf Club. The primary factors were potential quantity of a chemical that may be used at the club, and the chemical's mobility, leaching potential, persistence and toxicity based on data in the scientific literature and computer models. Restrictions have been placed on pesticides and herbicides that have a high leaching potential; those that have a low to moderate leaching potential will be used sparingly; and those that will be used most frequently have a very low to no leaching potential and a rapid degradation time. Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program Page 5 fiye, ) pt Table 1. Variables to be Analyzed (z) in Surface- and Ground' Water and Sediments at The Preserve at Jordan Lake Golf Club. PHASE I and II Environmental Monitoring Program variable Surface Water Ground Water Sediment Field Analyses pH X X Water Temperature x X , Specific Conductance X X Dissolved Oxygen X Laboratory Analyses Nitrate Nitrogen x X Total Nitrogen x otal Phosphorus x X X Chloride x X Total Dissolved Solids x X Turbidity x ?4ecoprop V X X GAY Chlorpynfo$ oil x X X Propiconozole X X X 1 T /cL/ ?,?3 T, ,?'vy.t-,v J1 Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc. Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program Page 6 2.4. Field Methods. Variables, container type, preservation and holding times for water samples are given in Table 2, and for sediment samples in Table 3. Surface Water. A number of variables will be measured on-site, including pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and specific conductance. pH will be measured with a pH probe that has been calibrated just prior to use. Specific conductance will be measured with a calibrated specific conductance meter. Dissolved oxygen will be measured with a dissolved oxygen probe (or by wet chemistry methods) that has been properly calibrated. Water temperature will be measured with a temperature probe attached to the specific conductance meter or the dissolved oxygen meter. Surface water will be sampled by obtaining 'discrete' grab samples of water. Discrete grab samples are taken at a selected location, depth and time, and then analyzed for the constituents of interest. Water will be collected in sample bottles that face upstream, and water is transferred to sample containers that include proper preservatives and labels. The sample containers are immediately placed in a cooler with ice and are taken to a laboratory for analysis. 14wc /V r* U + A chain-of-custody program is followed to assure that proper transportation and storage practices are documented and that the appropriate analyses are being conducted. A field sampling log of surface water sampling and observations will be maintained. The log book documents site conditions, including stream water depth, weather conditions, Haas ements and observations. An example of a page from a field log is given in Appendix I. ? c f S • .'? . roundwater. Groundwater elevation is determined for each well on each sampling date. After measuring water elevation, the standing water in the well is removed, and replaced by fresh formation water. The quantity of water removed is determined from the well volume and recharge rate. In general, high-yield wells are purged of three well casing volumes of water and low-yield wells are pumped to dryness. Each well is purged using a portable pump or with a Teflon® bailer that is cleaned between well samples. Water is suitable for sampling when three consecutive measures of water have stable pH, temperature and specific conductance readings. Wells are allowed to recharge after purging to allow the system to equilibrate. Depth to the water table is re-measured, recorded and water samples are extracted. Extraction occurs with a pump, or a dedicated Teflon@ bailer. Water temperature, pH, and specific conductance are measured in water that will not be used for laboratory analyses. Water Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program Page 7 samples are taken and decanted or drained into an appropriate sample container that has the proper preservatives and is labeled. Samples are transferred from the sample device to the sample container in a manner that will minimize turbulence and the loss of volatile compounds. Samples are immediately placed in a cooler with ice and transported to the ,JtP analytical la Ora 0 er non-dedicated equipment is used, cleaning procedures outlined by t EPA (1986) w' be instituted. Special attention will be given to thoroughly cle s, tubing, and other equipment. And, to ensure that the sample is not contaminated, blanks will be collected and analyzed. A chain-of-custody program is followed to assure that proper transportation and storage practices are documented and that the appropriate analyses are being conducted. A field sampling log on groundwater sampling and observations will be maintained. The log book documents site conditions, including water depth, observations, weather conditions, and field measurements. An example of a page from a field log is given in Appendix I. Sediment. Sediment will be collected with a gravity type sediment coring device or by hand. Sampling will occur at three locations around the edge of the creek and will be composited into one sample in the field. The three samples will be collected from near shore sediments. The approximate top 10-cm of the sediment will retained and analyzed for the variables listed in Table 1. A chain-of-custody program is followed to assure that proper transportation and storage practices are documented and that the appropriate analyses are being conducted. A field sampling log on sediment sampling and observations will be maintained. The log book documents site conditions, including water depth, sediment texture, obse and weather conditions. An example of a page from a field log is given ' Appendix I. Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Envimnmental Monitoring Program Page 8 Table 2. Variables, Container Type, Preservation, and Holding Times for Water Samples in Surface- and Ground- Water at The Preserve at Jordan Lake Golf Club. Variable Container Preservation Holding Analytical Method Type- Time- . pH not not applicable not EPA 150.1 applicable applicable Water Temperature not not applicable not EPA 170.1 applicable applicable Specific not not applicable not EPA 120.1 Conductance applicable applicable Dissolved Oxygen not not applicable not EPA 360.1 applicable applicable Nitrate Nitrogen P,G Cool, 4°C 48 h EPA 353.1 Total Nitrogen P,G Cool, 4°C 7 d APHA 4500 or EPA summation for Kjeldahl, nitrate, and ammonia nitrogen Total Phosphorus P.G Cool, 4° C, 28 d EPA 365.4 H2SO4 to pH <2 Chloride P,G Cool, VC 28 d or EPA 325.3 Total Dissolved P,G Cool, VC 7 d EPA 160.1 Solids Turbidity P,G Cool, VC 48h EPA 180.1 Mecoprop G Cool, VC 7 d EPA 8150, GC with ECD Target detection limit= 2.50µg/1 Chlorpyrifos G Cool, 4°C 7 d extraction: EPA 3510 liquid/liquid analysis: EPA 8080 GC ECD Target detection limit= 0.2µg/1 Propiconozole G Cool, 4°C 7 d EPA 8080 Target detection limit= 2µg/1 From: USEPA, Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, EPA-600/4-79-020, updated 1983. USEPA, Analytical Support Branch, Operations and Quality Control Manual, June 1985. USEPA, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846, 1986, updated in 1987. USGS. Laboratory Theo and Methods for Sediment Analysis. Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program Page 9 ;Tablet Variables, Container Type, Preservation, and Holding Times for Water Samples in Surface- and Ground- Water at The Preserve at Jordan Lake Golf Club. Container Holding Variable T e Preservation...- Time Analytical Method - yP 40 CFR Part 136 Table 11: Required Containers, Preservation Techniques and Holding Times (Water/Wastewater Samples), 1988. note that container types are `G' for glass and `P' for plastic. Table 3. Variables, Container Type, Preservation,, and Holding Times for Sediment Samples at The Preserve at Jordan Lake Golf Club. Variable Container Preservation ' Holding Analytical Method Type Time Chlorpyrifos Glass Jar Cool, 4 °C 14 d extraction: EPA 3510 liquid/liquid analysis: EPA 8080 GC ECD Propiconozole Glass Jar Cool, 4 °C 14 d extraction: EPA 3510 liquid/liquid analysis: EPA 8080 Total Phosphorus P,G Cool, 4 °C 14 d EPA 365.4 From: USEPA, Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, EPA-600/4-79-020, updated 1983. USEPA, Analytical Support Branch, Operations and Quality Control Manual, June 1985. USEPA, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846,1986, updated in 1987. USGS. Laboratory Theory and Methods for Sediment Analysis. 40 CFR Part 136 Table II: Required Containers Preservation Techniques and Holding Times (Water/Wastewater Samples), 1988. 2.5. Laboratory Methods The Laboratory used for sample analysis must retain certification by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or its designated State Agency to conduct chemical analysis on surface water and drinking water. Certification of the laboratory is maintained by successful performance of the EPA Water Pollution Study and EPA Water Supply Study. Sample analyses will follow accepted, standard methods as defined in the laboratories accreditation and detailed in their Quality Assurance and Quality Control procedures. Sample containers, properly Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program Page 10 cleaned and containing the proper preservative, should be supplied by the analytical laboratory. In cases where standard methods are not available, the Laboratory will execute method development and follow closely related standard jp;ractic onstrate accuracy and precision of the method with at least a 5-poi n and curve, sample spikes, and duplicate analyses. 01 3.0. PHASE II: SURFA WATER, GRO WA , AND SEDIMENT QUALI DURING ONS The goal of Phase H is to assess the effect of nstruetion and operational activities on surface Al( (,,? water, groundwater and sediment quality. A f 3.1. Sample Locations. Surface Water. Surfac ater will be sampled at locations that are described in Phase monitoring pro ocations on the property ar i at the sample station ' bel c r • SW-3. T pond near golf hole nu ber 2. /. ,a Groundwater. Groundwater will be sampled at ations thaf are identified in the Pha monitoring program. Locations of groundwater wells are Sediment. Pond sediment will be sampled from the sediments of the pond located near golf hole 2. The location is described below and shown on Figure 1 (S means sediment). • Sample Station S-1P. Station S-1P is located in the pond that is near golf hole two. It is near SW-3. The Phase I sediment sampling station will be ponded during construction. Thus, in this phase of the sampling program the location will be changed from the tributary to the pond that will be constructed. Sample locations will be photographed and marked on maps. Data from this sample station will allow an assessment of the quality of the sediment in the pond. 3.2. Sample Frequency. The goal of Phase II is to monitor surface water, ground water and sediment quality during operation of the golf course. Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program , Page 11 Surface water samples will be collected three times per year. One surface sample will be taken in the Spring, one in the Summer, and one in the Autumn. Should water not be available on a given sample date, two additional attempts will be made to obtain a sample within the time period (Spring, Summer, Autumn). Groundwater samples will be collected three times per year during Spring, Summer, and Autumn. A sediment sample will be collected one time per year at the time of surface water sampling in the Spring. u.? Sampling will be reduced to Spring and Autumn events after three years of operation, provided L that the no significant detections or changes in water quality have occurred. The Criteria for 1f? U1'G/ G Management Response outlines the detections or changes that are significant. Detections of a pesticide listed in Table 1, will t 'gger additional analyses as described in Criteria for Management Response. 3.3. Sample Variables. Su ce water, groundwater and pond sediments will be analyzed for the variables listed in Table 1. 3.4. Field Methods. Variables, container type, preservation and holding times for water samples are given in Table 2, and for sediment samples in Table 3. Surface Water. Surface water sampling will follow the protocols outlined in Phase I. Groundwater. Groundwater sampling will follow the protocols outlined in Phase I. Sediment. Sediment will be collected with a gravity type sediment coring device or by hand. Sampling will occur at three locations around the edge of the pond (sample points will form a triangle around the center of the pond) and will be composited into one sample in the field. The three samples will be collected from near shore sediments. The approximate top 10-cm of the sediment will retained and analyzed for the variables listw in Table 1. 3.5. Laboratory Methods. Laboratories used for sample analysis will follow the protocols outlined in Phase L Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program Page 12 4.0. DATA, REPORTING, AND RESPONSE CRITERIA 4.1 Data Storage and Reporting Data generated from this monitoring program will be maintained by the superintendent along with other course records and data on pesticide and fertilizer use, personnel, and training. The data from the monitoring report will be available to governmental officials within 20 working days ,, • from the date of sampling. .y Monitoring data from field sampling and from laboratory analyses will be entered into a computer spreadsheet (e.g., QuattroPro, Lotus 1,2,3). Data analyses will be performed with this data set. A summary of the results of the surface and groundwater and sediment samples, with a list of any remedial actions that were taken will be kept. The golf course superintendent will maintain records of cultural activities at the course. Items will include application schedules of all pesticides and fertilizers applied to the golf course as outlined in the Pesticide section of this Plan. Information will include the date of application, rate of application, product used, and specific location where the material was applied. Scouting records as part of the IPM program will also be kept. 4.2 Data Analysis Data generated in the monitoring program will be compared to background concentrations and State surface water and groundwater standards. Data will also be compared with State water quality criteria and the USEPA pesticide Health Advisories Limits (HAL's, given in Environmental Management Plan, Appendix I, Table Al) that have been reduced by a factor of 0.5. This is a very conservative factor given that HALs have a margin of safety of 100 to 1000 already built into the HAL number. In Phase II , concentrations Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Environmental Monitoring Program Page 13 of water and sediment variables will be compared with background concentrations to determine changes from background conditions. Soils data will be compared with known requirements for turfgrass and adjustments in the fertilization rates will be made. Protectio a evaluated by comparing measured concentrations against LCso da Appendix I, Table Al) t have been reduced by a factor of 10. LCso data exist for most of the owest so obtained or the pesticide was divided by a correction ?l factor of 10 to obtain a screening criteria (Suter et al., 1989; Warren-Hicks et al., 1989, 1995). ?...- This is a conservative factor in that most measured chronic values would be higher than those estimated from this factor (Suter et al. 1983). 4.3 Criteria for Management Response Non pesticide analytes. If concentrations of non-pesticide variables exceed Applicable State Water Quality Criteria, or if an increasing trend is observed (a statistically significant v trend), or if measured concentrations of nutrients exceed the standard deviation of G background levels by more than two-times, then the media will be resampled and a review of management practices, site conditions and weather conditions will be implemented to determine reasons for increased concentrations. The immediate action will also include a reduction in fertilizer use and/or an increased proportion of slow-release fertilizers. d ?sA p(l Following the review cited above, these immediate restrictions may be lifted or modified, ?1lQr as appropriate. Records of all actions taken will be maintained by the superintendent. A.0 A Pesticide analytes. If a pesticide listed in Table 1 is detected in samples at concentrations / 0 below a toxicologically significant level as determined by the USEPA Health Advisories Limits (HAL x 0.5) or by the aquatic toxicity as measured by LCso x 0. 1, whichever is lower, the following responses will result: 2 The sample station, from which the exceedance was obtained, will be resampled and reanalyzed for the pesticide. Further testing will be required for an additional suite of pesticides ('secondary level'). A list of secondary pesticides is given is Table 4. Pesticides were included in this second tier based on the results of the Tier 1 analysis. r Turf & Environmental Management Associates, Inc Raleigh, North Carolina Comments on: Environmental Monitoring Program The preserve at Jordan Lake Golf Club -Add all nutrient parameters to parameters list for sediment sampling (not just total phosphorus). -Why not add a water monitoring location where sediment station S4 is to be consistent with monitoring both water and sediment at all upstream locations -Clarify which sediment station will be impounded and sampled in a pond during Phase II. Surface water samples need to be collected 4 times during Phase 1 (one in each season) not 3 times as currently listed. Add all nutrient parameters to parameters list for surface water nutrients (not just N02+NO3, TN, and TP). -Where is Figure 1 as referenced on page 10? t -Clarify how many years Phase II monitoring will be performed. -In Phase II monitoring, why is station SW3 listed separately as an addition to Phase 1 stations (it was sampled in Phase 1). -In Phase II monitoring, why not sample 4 times a year as in Phase I, i.e. perform a winter monitoring as in Phase I monitoring. -In Phase II monitoring, do not reduce monitoring to just spring and autumn after 3 years. This would miss worst-case summer conditions. -At station SW3 in Phase II monitoring (the impounded pond) add chlorophyll a to parameter list. Overall comments: all sampling I would also suggest performing several sampling events after a rainfall. It would be useful to sample metals, fecal coliform bacteria, and also to perform flow W` ` measurements if possible.