20090807 Ver 1_401 Application_20090709

. ,.
09-0807
United States Forest National Forests in 160A Zillicoa Street
A-6 Department of Service North Carolina P.O. Box 2750
Agriculture Asheville, NC 28802
File Code: 2530-3
Date: July 23, 2009
Cyndi Karoly
North Carolina Division of Water Quality E
401 Unit
NC,
1650 Mail Service Center ? A I
Raleigh, NC JUL
27699-1650 ' 120.9
WETtg10ShNDST?A4 E 8 ,
Dear Ms. Karoly, ?.oIiH
This letter is to request Section 401 Water Quality Certification from the North Carolina
Division of Water Quality for U.S. Forest Service project: Bent Creek System Trail #660 Wolf
Branch Stream Crossing Improvement Project. Located on the Pisgah National Forest in
Buncombe County, North Carolina, this project is situated on Wolf Branch, a tributary to Bent
Creek of the French Broad River Basin.
This project is proposed where a road/trail crossing has failed, becoming a source of sediment to
the Bent Creek watershed. This section of channel and valley bottom has been impacted in the
past by logging and farming, and currently is experiencing erosion of road/trail fill material. As
a result, the proposed section of stream bank is unstable.
To improve the stream ecosystem along this reach of stream, the Pisgah National Forest proposes
the following:
1) Remove fill material from channel and remove the old culvert from site.
2) Construct new bankfull channel with bankfull bench (floodplain) using soil from on site,
approximately 35 linear feet. Channel width, depth, & meander pattern determined from
the reference reach located upstream.
3) Push over the two trees currently in the trail on the west bank, retaining root wads. Place
these trees in the new channel to enhance cover for aquatic biota.
4) Trail maintenance and bridge construction.
5) Seed and mulch all disturbed area.
6) Plant banks with live stakes in the winter.
The project proposal calls for all disturbed stream banks to be stabilized with Coir matting and
planted with native trees and shrub. All areas impacted by heavy equipment would be seeded
and mulched with native grasses.
A copy of the 404 permit application has also been sent to the N.C. Wildlife Resources
Commission and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for review. Additionally, a Trout Buffer
Variance Request and an Erosion and Sediment Control Plan have not been submitted to NC
Division of Land Quality since the buffer disturbance is less than 100 feet and disturbed area is
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less than one acre.
Enclosed are the following materials:
• Five copies of the Pre-Construction Notice (form 12-11-2008 version 1.3), application for
404 permit (Nationwide Permit #27)
• Five copies of the vicinity map and site plans for the project
• Five copies of the Letter of Delegation of Authority
• Five copies of the project Decision Notice
• A check made payable to the Division of Water Quality for $240.00
If you require any additional information, please contact me at 828-257-4214.
WN.Dodd
National Forests in North Carolina
Forest Hydrologist
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Office Use Only:
Corps action ID no.
DWQ project no.
Form Version 1.3 Dec 10 2008
Pre-Construction Notification (PCN) Form
A. Applicant Information
1. Processing
1 a. Type(s) of approval sought from the
Corps: X? Section 404 Permit ? Section 10 Permit
1b. Specify Nationwide Permit (NWP) number: NWP 27 or General Permit (GP) number:
1c. Has the NWP or GP number been verified by the Corps? ? Yes © No
1 d. Type(s) of approval sought from the DWQ (check all that apply):
© 401 Water Quality Certification - Regular ? Non-404 Jurisdictional General Permit
? 401 Water Quality Certification - Express ? Riparian Buffer Authorization
1 e. Is this notification solely for the record
because written approval is not required? For the record only for DWQ 401
Certification:
? Yes © No For the record only for Corps Permit:

? Yes X? No
if. Is payment into a mitigation bank or in-lieu fee program proposed for mitigation
of impacts? If so, attach the acceptance letter from mitigation bank or in-lieu
fee program. ? Yes © No
1 g. Is the project located in any of NC's twenty coastal counties. If yes, answer 1 h
below. ? Yes © No
1 h. Is the project located within a NC DCM Area of Environmental Concern (AEC)? ? Yes ® No
2. Project Information
2a. Name of project: Bent Creek System Trail #660 Wolf Branch Stream Crossing Improvement Project
2b. County: Buncombe
2c. Nearest municipality / town: Asheville, NC p
uZi L, `w jl
2d. Subdivision name: N/A
2e. NCDOT only, T.I.P. or state
project no: N/A j UL a
3. Owner Information WETLAf:DS AND STOR" MATER BRANCH
3a. Name(s) on Recorded Deed: USDA Forest Service
3b. Deed Book and Page No.
3c. Responsible Party (for LLC if
applicable):
Ms. Marisue Hilliard
3d. Street address: 160 Zillicoa St., STE A
3e. City, state, zip: Asheville, NC 28801
3f. Telephone no.: 828-257-4269
3g. Fax no.: 828-259-0584
3h. Email address: [e-mail]
B. Project Information and Prior Project History
4. Applicant Information (if different from owner)
4a. Applicant is: © Agent ? Other, specify:
4b. Name: Brady Dodd
4c. Business name
(if applicable): USDA Forest Service, Hydrologist
4d. Street address: 160 Zillicoa St., STE A
4e. City, state, zip: Asheville, NC 28801
4f. Telephone no.: 828-257-4214
4g. Fax no.: 828-257-4874
4h. Email address: [e-mail]
5. Agent/Consultant Information (if applicable)
5a. Name:
5b. Business name
(if applicable):
5c. Street address:
5d. City, state, zip:
5e. Telephone no.:
5f. Fax no.:
5g. Email address:
B. Project Information and Prior Project History
1. Property Identification
1a. Property identification no. (tax PIN or parcel ID): USDA Forest Service, National Forest in NC, Pisgah R.D.
1 b. Site coordinates (in decimal degrees): Latitude: 35.50100 Longitude: -82.62840
(DD.DDDDDD) (-DD.DDDDDD)
1c. Property size: A portion of the 156,058 acres - Pisgah Ranger District
2. Surface Waters
2a. Name of nearest body of water (stream, river, etc.) to
proposed project: Wolf Branch
2b. Water Quality Classification of nearest receiving water: B
2c. River basin: French Broad
B. Project Information and Prior Project History
3. Project Description
3a. Describe the existing conditions on the site and the general land use in the vicinity of the project at the time of this
application:
This site on the Wolf Branch stream channel is currently impacted by a failing old road crossing, currently
part of the Bent Creek system of trails. Much of the fill material at the road/trail crossing has eroded away,
leaving an exposed culvert and unstable stream channel conditions (see photo). Past management in the
watershed within the last hundred years included logging much of the timber using roads and railroads to
transport timber to local mills. Following harvest, this area was farmed by nearby homesteaders. Currently,
the area is part of the Bent Creek Experimental Forest and used extensively for bicycling and hiking
recreation.
Photo of road/trail crossing on Wolf Branch.
3b. List the total estimated acreage of all existing wetlands on the property:
0 acre in the project area.
3c. List the total estimated linear feet of all existing streams (intermittent and perennial) on the property:
40 feet in project area.
3d. Explain the purpose of the proposed project:
The goals and objectives of this project are to eliminate the adverse effects of the road/trail crossing of the
stream channel. This work will improve the health of the stream ecosystem by improving channel stability
and habitat quality, along with improving riparian and streamside vegetation conditions. The desired
condition is to have a trail crossing that does not adversely impact channel morphology. The proposed action
is needed at this time, at these locations, because taking no action would lead to further erosion and
sedimentation which, in turn, would cause further damage to aquatic habitat and the trail crossing.
B. Project Information and Prior Project History
3e. Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used:
This project proposes to rehabilitate the trail crossing and the stream ecosystem (including stream channel, floodplain, and riparian
vegetation) of approximately 35 feet of Wolf Branch. Below the proposed work is outlined. See Appendix A for details and
specifications.
• Remove fill material from channel and remove culvert from site.
• Construct new bankfull channel with bankfull bench (floodplain) using coir logs and soil from on site, approximately 30
linear feet. Channel width, depth, & meander pattern determined from the reference reach located upstream.
• Construct stream bed using on-site rock materials, to form a riffle/pool/riffle sequence,
• From the outer edge of the calculated floodplain slope bank to the terrace elevation at a minimum 2:1 slope, using
soil to construct new floodplain and channel,
• Seed finished banks,
• Install coir matting on banks.
• Push over the two trees currently in the trail on the west bank, retaining root wads. Place these trees in the new channel to
enhance cover for aquatic biota.
• On the existing trail, place railroad ballast size rock overlain with smaller (3" minus) clean gravel on the east side of the
crossing to improve drainage, - 50 feet of trail. Harden the west side bridge approach as well, - 4 feet of trail.
• Using the existing trail location, construct a bridge (10 - 15' long) to cross the channel. While maintaining the appropriate
bankfull channel width, place boulders (2 - 3' in size) on channel banks under the bridge for stabilization.
• Seed and mulch all disturbed area.
• Plant banks with live stakes in the winter.
4. Jurisdictional Determinations
4a. Have jurisdictional wetland or stream determinations by the
Corps or State been requested or obtained for this property / ?Yes ©No El Unknown
project (including all prior phases) in the past?
Comments:
4b. If the Corps made the jurisdictional determination, what type
? Preliminary ? Final
of determination was made?
4c. If yes, who delineated the jurisdictional areas? Agency/Consultant Company:
Name (if known): Other:
4d. If yes, list the dates of the Corps jurisdictional determinations or State determinations and attach documentation.
5. Project History
5a. Have permits or certifications been requested or obtained for ? Yes © No ? Unknown
this project (including all prior phases) in the past?
5b. If yes, explain in detail according to "help file" instructions.
6. Future Project Plans
6a. Is this a phased project? ? Yes ® No
6b. If yes, explain.
C. Proposed Impacts Inventory
1. Impacts Summary
1 a. Which sections were completed below for your project (check all that apply):
? Wetlands © Streams - tributaries ? Buffers
? Open Waters ? Pond Construction
2. Wetland Impacts
If there are wetland impacts proposed on the site, then complete this question for each wetland area impacted.
2a. 2b. 2c. 2d. 2e. 2f.
Wetland impact Type of jurisdiction
number - Type of impact Type of wetland Forested (Corps - 404, 10 Area of impact
Permanent (P) or (if known) DWQ - non-404, other) (acres)
Temporary T
W1 ? PEI T ? Yes ? Corps
? No ? DWQ
W2 ? P ? T ? Yes ? Corps
? No ? DWQ
W3 ? PEI T ? Yes ? Corps
? No ? DWQ
W4 ? P ? T ? Yes ? Corps
? No ? DWQ
W5 ? P ? T ? Yes ? Corps
? No ? DWQ
W6 ? P ? T ? Yes ? Corps
? No ? DWQ
2g. Total wetland impacts
2h. Comments:
3. Stream Impacts
If there are perennial or intermittent stream impacts (including temporary impacts) proposed on the site, then complete this
question for all stream sites impacted.
3a. 3b. 3c. 3d. 3e. 3f. 3g.
Stream impact Type of impact Stream name Perennial Type of jurisdiction Average Impact
number - (PER) or (Corps - 404, 10 stream length
Permanent (P) or intermittent DWQ - non-404, width (linear
Temporary (T) (INT)? other) (feet) feet)
Bank sloping &
stabilization

S1 ? P ©T using
bioengineering
Wolf Branch ® PER
? INT © Corps
? DWQ
5
35
techniques -
excavation of
banks

S2 ? P ® T Rock & log
placement in
Wolf Branch © PER © Corps
5
35
stream channel ? INT ? DWQ
Culvert removal -
S4 ? P © T excavation & Wolf Branch © PER ® Corps 5 35
stream bed ? INT ? DWQ
simulation
S5 ? P ? T ? PER ? Corps
? INT ? DWQ
S6 ? P ? T ? PER ? Corps
? INT ? DWQ
3h. Total stream and tributary impacts 35
3i. Comments: All impacts are expected to be temporary and would improve current conditions by using natural channel
design techniques. All impacts occur with the 35 feet length of stream.
4. Open Water Impacts
If there are proposed impacts to lakes, ponds, estuaries, tributaries, sounds, the Atlantic Ocean, or any other open water of
the U.S. then individual) list all open water impacts below.
4a.
Open water
impact number -
Permanent (P) or
Temporary T 4b.
Name of waterbody
(if applicable) 4c.

Type of impact 4d.

Waterbody type 4e.

Area of impact (acres)
01 ?P?T
02 ?P?T
03 ?P?T
04 ?P?T
0. Total open water impacts
4g. Comments:
5. Pond or Lake Construction
If and or lake construction proposed, then complete the chart below.
5a.

Pond ID 5b.

Proposed use or purpose 5c.
Wetland Impacts (acres) 5d.
Stream Impacts (feet) 5e.
Upland
(acres)
number of pond
Flooded
Filled
Excavated
Flooded
Filled
Excavated
Flooded
P1
P2
5f. Total
5g. Comments:
5h. Is a dam high hazard permit required?
? Yes ? No If yes, permit ID no:
5i. Expected pond surface area (acres):
5j. Size of pond watershed (acres):
5k. Method of construction:
6. Buffer Impacts (for DWQ)
If project will impact a protected riparian buffer, then complete the chart below. If yes, then individually list all buffer impacts
below. If an impacts require miti gation, then you MUST fill out Section D of this form.
6a.
? Neuse
? Tar-Pamlico ? Other:
Project is in which protected basin? ? Catawba ? Randleman
6b. 6c. 6d. 6e. 6f. 6g.
Buffer impact
number - Reason Buffer Zone 1 impact Zone 2 impact
Permanent (P) or for Stream name mitigation (square feet) (square feet)
Temporary T impact required?
B1 ?P?T ?Yes
? No
B2 ?P?T ?Yes
? No
B3 ? P ? T ? Yes
? No
6h. Total buffer impacts
6i. Comments:
D. Impact Justification and Mitigation
1. Avoidance and Minimization
1 a. Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed impacts in designing project.
During stream bank sloping, sediment control from stream bank excavation will be provided by the
installation of coir logs at the toe of the bank. Banks will be sloped to a stable angle (2:1 (run to rise)
minimum), seeded, mulched, and have erosion control matting placed on the slope. Riparian type trees
and shrubs shall be planted for long-term site stabilization.
Construction of in-stream habitat and removal of the culvert from the channel would temporarily increase
turbidity and sediment deposition downstream of the excavation. Potential adverse impacts would be
avoided by minimizing excessive excavation and adhering to the State turbidity standard.
1 b. Specifically describe measures taken to avoid or minimize the proposed impacts through construction techniques.
A. Minimize the area and degree of soil disturbance that reduces infiltration capacity and permeability, and destroys
protective forest floor and ground cover.
B. All hazardous materials will be stored outside of flood-prone areas and surrounded with sediment fence to reduce the risk
of materials reaching the river.
C. Work activities would not be scheduled on rainy days.
D. Heavy Equipment Operation.
1. All equipment shall be cleaned before entering the project area and stream, so as to reduce the risk of fine grained
sediment and oils and grease from entering the stream.
2. Do not operate on wet soils when they are most susceptible to damage and erosion.
3. Operate heavy equipment on slopes less than 12 percent so as to reduce the risk of soil erosion. Avoid operating
heavy equipment on over-hanging stream banks.
4. Move large woody debris and boulders in a manner that minimizes disturbance of the forest floor, exposure of
mineral soil, or degradation of stream bank stability.
E. Install sediment fence or coir logs to trap potential sediment. Stabilize any disturbed area at the end of each workday.
F. Re-vegetate exposed soils as soon as possible to take advantage of the loose soil conditions for seeding.
1. Exposed soil will be covered with straw mulch or erosion control matting at the end of each workday. Matting
will be secured in place with stakes and live stakes where conditions allow.
2. Temporary seeding will occur on all bare soil within five days of ground disturbing activities to provide long-
term erosion control.
3. Stabilize channel banks with a temporary seed mix of wheat, millet, or similar annual grain as work is completed.
G. Do not move sediment trap devices until the vegetation in the disturbed areas has been established.
H. During on-going operations inspect the site frequently; inspect occasionally during inactive periods.
1. Check for potentially damaging or failing situations that may cause unacceptable water quality impacts.
2. Correct failing situations as soon as practical.
1. Conduct visual inspections of Wolf Branch while the work is being conducted to maintain acceptable turbidity levels.
J. Use a skilled heavy equipment operator, trained in stream restoration and construction of in-stream structures. Instruct the
operator to minimize disturbance to the streambed.
2. Compensatory Mitigation for Impacts to Waters of the U.S. or Waters of the State
2a. Does the project require Compensatory Mitigation for ? Yes © No
impacts to Waters of the U.S. or Waters of the State?
2b. If yes, mitigation is required by (check all that apply): ? DWQ ? Corps
? Mitigation bank
2c. If yes, which mitigation option will be used for this
project? ? Payment to in-lieu fee program
? Permittee Responsible Mitigation
3. Complete if Using a Mitigation Bank
3a. Name of Mitigation Bank:
3b. Credits Purchased (attach receipt and letter) Type Quantity
3c. Comments:
4. Complete if Making a Payment to In-lieu Fee Program
4a. Approval letter from in-lieu fee program is attached. ? Yes
4b. Stream mitigation requested: linear feet
4c. If using stream mitigation, stream temperature: ? warm ? cool ?cold
4d. Buffer mitigation requested (DWQ only): square feet
4e. Riparian wetland mitigation requested: acres
4f. Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested: acres
4g. Coastal (tidal) wetland mitigation requested: acres
4h. Comments:
5. Complete if Using a Permittee Responsible Mitigation Plan
5a. If using a permittee responsible mitigation plan, provide a description of the proposed mitigation plan.
6. Buffer Mitigation (State Regulated Riparian Buffer Rules) - required by DWQ
6a. Will the project result in an impact within a protected riparian buffer that requires
buffer mitigation? ? Yes ® No
6b. If yes, then identify the square feet of impact to each zone of the riparian buffer that requires mitigation. Calculate the
amount of mitigation required.

Zone 6c.
Reason for impact 6d.
Total impact
(square feet)
Multiplier 6e.
Required mitigation
(square feet)
Zone 1 3 (2 for Catawba)
Zone 2 1.5
6f. Total buffer mitigation required:
6g. If buffer mitigation is required, discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (e.g., payment to private mitigation bank,
permittee responsible riparian buffer restoration, payment into an approved in-lieu fee fund).
6h. Comments:
E. Stormwater Management and Diffuse Flow Plan (required by DWQ)
1. Diffuse Flow Plan
la. Does the project include or is it adjacent to protected riparian buffers identified ? Yes © No
within one of the NC Riparian Buffer Protection Rules?
1 b. If yes, then is a diffuse flow plan included? If no, explain why.
? Yes ? No
Comments:
2. Stormwater Management Plan
2a. What is the overall percent imperviousness of this project? < 1 % existing impervious area
occupied by the trail surface
2b. Does this project require a Stormwater Management Plan? ? Yes © No
2c. If this project DOES NOT require a Stormwater Management Plan, explain why: The current site contains less than
24% impervious area and an increase in impervious area is not planned from the proposed work.
Additionally, all stormwater is transported primarily via vegetated conveyances.
2d. If this project DOES require a Stormwater Management Plan, then provide a brief, narrative description of the plan:
? Certified Local Government
2e. Who will be responsible for the review of the Stormwater Management Plan? ? DWQ Stormwater Program
? DWQ 401 Unit
3. Certified Local Government Stormwater Review
3a. In which local government's jurisdiction is this project?
? Phase II
3b. Which of the following locally-implemented stormwater management programs ? NSW
? USMP
apply (check all that apply): ? Water Supply Watershed
? Other:
3c. Has the approved Stormwater Management Plan with proof of approval been ? Yes ? No
attached?
4. DWQ Stormwater Program Review
? Coastal counties

4a. Which of the following state-implemented stormwater management programs apply ? HQW
? ORW
(check all that apply):
? Session Law 2006-246
? Other:
4b. Has the approved Stormwater Management Plan with proof of approval been
attached? ? Yes ? No
5. DWQ 401 Unit Stormwater Review
5a. Does the Stormwater Management Plan meet the appropriate requirements? ? Yes ? No
5b. Have all of the 401 Unit submittal requirements been met? ? Yes ? No
Page 10 of 12
PCN Form - Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version
F. Supplementary Information
1. Environmental Documentation (DWQ Requirement)
1 a. Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal/state/local) funds or the ® Yes ? No
use of public (federal/state) land?
1 b. If you answered "yes" to the above, does the project require preparation of an
environmental document pursuant to the requirements of the National or State ® Yes ? No
(North Carolina) Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
1 c. If you answered "yes" to the above, has the document review been finalized by the
State Clearing House? (If so, attach a copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval
letter.) ® Yes ? No
Comments:
2. Violations (DWQ Requirement)
2a. Is the site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .0500), Isolated
Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .1300), DWQ Surface Water or Wetland Standards, ? Yes ® No
or Riparian Buffer Rules (15A NCAC 2B .0200)?
2b. Is this an after-the-fact permit application? ? Yes ® No
2c. If you answered "yes" to one or both of the above questions, provide an explanation of the violation(s):
3. Cumulative Impacts (DWQ Requirement)
3a. Will this project (based on past and reasonably anticipated future impacts) result in ? Yes ® No
additional development, which could impact nearby downstream water quality?
3b. If you answered "yes" to the above, submit a qualitative or quantitative cumulative impact analysis in accordance with the
most recent DWQ policy. If you answered "no," provide a short narrative description.
This is a stream rehabilitation and trail crossing improvement project and therefore will not further develop the site, but
improve channel stability, aquatic habitat, and water quality.
4. Sewage Disposal (DWQ Requirement)
4a. Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of wastewater generated from
the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
Restrooms located near the site shall be used during construction. This project will not produce sewage since it is a
stream rehabilitation project.
Page 11 of 12
- ` PCN Form -Version 1.3 December 10, 2008 Version
5. Endangered Species and Designated Critical Habitat (Corps Requirement)
5a. Will this project occur in or near an area with federally protected species or ® El Yes No
habitat?
5b. Have you checked with the USFWS concerning Endangered Species Act ® Yes El No
impacts?

5c. If yes, indicate the USFWS Field Office you have contacted. ?
Raleigh
® Asheville
5d. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact Endangered Species or Designated Critical
Habitat?
This information is published in the federal register for Designated Critical Habitat. We also spoke with Allen Ratzlaff of
the USFWS Asheville Office.
6. Essential Fish Habitat (Corps Requirement)
6a. Will this project occur in or near an area designated as essential fish habitat? ? Yes ® No
6b. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact Essential Fish Habitat?
We used the following web site: http://ocean.floridamarine.org/efh_coral/ims/viewer.htm
7. Historic or Prehistoric Cultural Resources (Corps Requirement)
7a. Will this project occur in or near an area that the state, federal or tribal
governments have designated as having historic or cultural preservation ® Yes ? No
status (e.g., National Historic Trust designation or properties significant in
North Carolina history and archaeology)?
7b. What data sources did you use to determine whether your site would impact historic or archeological resources?
USDA Forest Service National Forests in North Carolina, Pisgah NF Zone Archeologist, Scott Ashcraft conducted field
assessments during the summer of 2009.
8. Flood Zone Designation (Corps Requirement)
8a. Will this project occur in a FEMA-designated 100-year floodplain? 70yes ? No
8b. If yes, explain how project meets FEMA requirements: This projects would not increase flood hieghts in the channel or the
adjacent floodplain areas.
8c. What source(s) did you use to make the floodplain determination? http://www.floodmaps.com & field determination
Brady N. Dodd 7/z3??4aQ
Applicant/Agent's Printed Name ppll ant/gent's Signature Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant
is provided.)
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EROSION CONTROL SPECIFICATIONS AND DETAILS
Seed and Mulch
Seed Planting Summa Table
Scientific Name Common Name Planting
Density
EI mus vir inicus Virginia wild rye 22 Ibs/acre
Festuca rubra Creeping red fescue 5 Ibs/acre
Dichanthelium
clandestinum Deertongue 2 Ibs/acre
Materials
All materials shall meet the approval of the Designer. Seed material shall consist of species in
the "Seed Planting Summary Table" above.
Installation
Planting seed shall occur within 1 day of ground disturbing activities. The method of
seeding may be varied by the Contractor under his/her responsibility to provide a
healthy, vigorous, weed free and disease free uniform stand of grass. Seed shall be
immediately covered with straw mulch in quantities to cover at least 50 percent of the
ground surface. On stream banks, biodegradable matting shall be placed to hold seed
and soil in place. Above are native grass species to be sown and their seeding density.
Maintenance shall begin immediately after seeding operations and continue until Final
Acceptance. Maintenance of seeded areas shall consist of watering, weed and pest
control, erosion repair, reseeding and incidental operations as necessary to establish a
healthy, vigorous, weed free and disease free uniform stand of grass. All areas that fail
to show a uniform stand of grass for any reason shall be treated repeatedly until a
uniform stand of at least 90% coverage is attained with no bare area greater than five
square feet.
Basis of Payment
Payment for installation of seed and mulch will be paid for as outlined. This payment shall be
considered full compensation for all labor, equipment, furnishing materials, hauling,
rehandling, sorting, materials, and incidentals necessary to seed and mulch.
Payment will be made under:
Seed and Mulch ..........................................................................SQUARE YARD
Matting
Materials
All materials shall meet the approval of the Designer and include Coir fiber mat 700, a double
net straw blanket with biodegradable netting, wooden stakes, and live stakes.
Installation
Coir fiber mat 700 shall be used on the lower stream bank up to the bankfull elevation.
Above bankfull on slopes to the stream, a double net straw blanket with biodegradable
netting shall be used. The matting shall be fastened in place using wooden stakes.
During the following plant dormant season, live stakes shall be planted in the matting
from water's edge to just above bankfull. Species include silky dogwood (Corpus
ammonum), black willow (Salix nigra), silky willow (Salix sericea), and common
elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) found and cut locally.
Provide stakes made of hardwood with a hook to anchor matting. Stakes shall be
installed to no less than 1 foot deep for use on side slopes and no less than 3 feet for
areas at the toe of the slope and along the top edge of matting.
Place the matting upon final grading, following seed and mulch application. Provide a
smooth soil surface free from stones, clods, or debris which will prevent the contact of
the matting with the soil. Unroll the matting starting at the bottom of the slope and apply
without stretching such that it will lie smoothly but loosely on the soil surface. Bury the
top end of each piece of matting in a narrow trench at least 6 in. (150 mm) deep and
tamp firmly after staking with evenly spaced stakes. Stake the matting according to the
manufactures recommended pattern for specific product and slope. Where one roll of
matting ends and a second roll begins, install matting end-over-end with approximately
6 inches of overlap. Stake through overlapped area using 5 stakes. Install stakes
across the matting at ends, junctions, and trenches approximately 1.3 feet apart. See
the figure below for the Erosion Control Matting Detail.
Basis of Payment
Payment for installation of matting will be paid for as outlined. This payment shall be
considered full compensation for all labor, equipment, furnishing materials, hauling, stockpiling,
rehandling, sorting, fitting, materials, and incidentals necessary to install matting.
Payment will be made under:
Matting ..................................................................................SQUARE YARD
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Plantings
Description
Plantings shall be specified in each contract as to type e.g., container, bare root, and
live staking. Plantings from containers shall be from one gallon containers and can be
planted throughout the year. Live staking and bare root planting shall occur during plant
dormancy. Bare root seedlings shall be 6 to 12 inches tall. Below is a list of woody
vegetation species to be planted on stream banks and floodplains.
Plantina Plan Summary Table

Scientific Name - ---------
Common Name - -----
Percent of
plantings
Spacing
feet
Container & Bare Root Species:
Leucothoe
fontanesiana Dog-hobble 40% 2.5
Cornus ammomum Silk do wood 15% 3
Clethra acuminata Mountain sweet
pe erbush 15% 3
Rhododendron
maximum Rosebay rhododendron 10% 3
Betula lenta Sweet birch 10% 6
Platanus occidentalis Sycamore 10% 6
Live Stake Species:
Corpus ammonum silky dogwood 30 3
Salix ni ra black willow 20 3
Salix sericea silk willow 20 3
Sambucus canadensis common elderberry 30 3
Materials
All materials shall meet the approval of the Designer. Live staking plant material shall consist of
species shown in the Planting Plan Summary Table above.
All plant material shall be harvested locally (within the same physiographic ecoregion) or
purchased from a local nursery. All live stakes shall be dormant at time of acquisition and
planting. Live stakes shall be installed between November 15 and May 15. Live stakes shall be
Y2- 1 Y2 (12-38 mm) in diameter and 2 to 4 feet (0.6-1.2 meters) in length.
During preparation, the basal ends of the live stakes shall be cleanly cut at an angle to facilitate
easy insertion into the soil, while the tops shall be cut square or blunt for tamping. All limbs shall
be removed from the sides of the live cutting prior to installation.
Installation
Cuttings for live stakes shall be harvested in a manner such that they are cut,
immediately put into water to be soaked for ten days, and then planted immediately
after the ten days are completed. Cuttings shall remain wet until they are planted.
Outside storage locations should be continually shaded and protected from wind and
direct sunlight.
Live stakes shall be tamped perpendicularly into the finished bank slope with a dead
blow hammer, with buds oriented in an upward direction. Stakes should be tamped until
approximately 3/4 of the stake length is within the ground.
The area around each live stake shall be compacted by foot after the live stake has
been installed. One to two inches shall be cut cleanly off of the top of each stake (with
loppers) at an angle of approximately 15 degrees following installation.
Any stakes that are split or damaged during installation shall be removed and replaced.
Basis of Payment
Payment for installation of plantings will be paid for as outlined. This payment shall be
considered full compensation for all labor, equipment, furnishing materials, hauling,
rehandling, sorting, materials, and incidentals necessary to plant.
Payment will be made under:
Plantings ............................................................................................EACH
Temporary Coir Fiber Log (roll)
Description
Coir fiber logs consist of tightly bound cylinders of coconut fiber (coir fiber) held together
by coir fiber netting. They are generally available in 10 to 20 foot lengths and are 10 to
12 inches in diameter. Temporary coir filter logs are installed where silt fence is not
feasible, e.g., at the toe of stream banks, to trap and temporarily store sediment.
Installation
Coir fiber logs are installed by excavating a shallow (3 to 4 inches deep) trench along
the toe of the stream bank. The log is placed in the trench so that the bottom and back
are in contact with the stream substrate and stream bank. Stakes are then driven down
along its side to hold it in place. See figure below "Temporary Coir Fiber Log
Construction Detail" for detail. When the site has been stabilized with erosion control
matting, the coir fiber log shall be removed following the removal of any sediment
trapped behind the log. Sediment shall be relocated to a stable site.
Basis of Payment
Payment for installation of coir fiber logs will be paid for as outlined. This payment shall be
considered full compensation for all labor, equipment, furnishing materials, hauling, weighing,
stockpiling, rehandling, sorting, fitting, materials, and incidentals necessary to install the
coir fiber log.
Payment will be made under:
Coir Fiber Log ................................................................................LINEAR FEET
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Temporary Silt Fence
Description
Furnish material, construct, maintain, and remove temporary silt fence in locations
shown on the plans or in locations that require surface drainage to be filtered.
Materials
Posts:
Provide steel posts meeting the following requirements:
• Minimum 5 feet (1.5 meters) long.
• Minimum 1 3/8 inches (34.9 mm) wide measured parallel to the fence.
• Minimum weight of 1.33 lb/ft of length.
• Equipped with an anchor plate with minimum area of 14.0 square inches (9,032
square mm).
• Have a means of retaining wire and fabric in the desired position without
displacement.
Woven Wire Fence:
Provide woven wire fence meeting the following requirements:
• Minimum 32 inches (812.8 mm) high.
• Minimum 5 horizontal wires.
• Vertical wires spaced 12 inches (304.8 mm) apart.
• Minimum 10 gage top and bottom wires.
• Minimum 12'/2 gage all other wires.
Filter Fabric:
Provide Type 3 engineering fabric, Class A or B meeting the requirements of Section
1056 of the NCDOT Specification book.
Attachment Device:
Provide an approved attachment device (e.g., plastic tie).
Installation
Install in locations as shown on the plans or as directed. Install wire and fabric as
shown in the plans. Class B synthetic filter fabric may be used without the woven wire
fence backing, subject to the following conditions: a maximum post spacing of 6 feet
(1.8 m), fabric is approved by the Designer, and post spacing is inclined toward the
runoff source, at an angle of not more than 20 degrees from vertical. Install posts at a 8
feet (2.4 m) maximum spacing with wire support, with not more than 3 feet (0.9 m) of
the post appearing above ground. Attach filter fabric to the wire fence on the upslope
side of the post with wire or other acceptable methods. Overlap filter fabric a minimum
of 18 inches (457.2 mm) at splice joints. Install fabric that is free of defects, rips, holes,
flaws, deterioration, or damage. See figure below for detail.
Basis of Payment
Payment for installation of silt fence will be paid for as outlined. This payment shall be
considered full compensation for all labor, equipment, furnishing materials, hauling,
weighing, stockpiling, rehandling, sorting, fitting, materials, and incidentals necessary to
construct and maintain the silt fence.
Payment will be made under:
Silt Fence ................................................................................LINEAR FEET
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TUnited ?" F States Forest National Forests in
Department of Service North Carolina
Agriculture
File Code: 1230
Route To: (2500)
Subject: Delegation of Authority
To: Brady Dodd
160A Zillicoa Street
P.O. Box 2750
Asheville, NC 28802
828-257-4200
Date: October 12, 2005
You are hereby delegated the authority to act as my agent for all phases of the application
process for permits required by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, for watershed restoration
and improvement projects such as aquatic habitat restoration and enhancement, habitat
restoration, channel stabilization, and channel relocation on the National Forests in North
Carolina. You are authorized to make formal application for all permits to the US Army Corps
of Engineers and the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, provide all necessary
information, and sign all correspondence.
Include this letter as part of all application for Section 404 permits to the US Army Corps of
Engineers, and Section 401 Water Quality Certification to the North Carolina Division of Water
Quality.
MARISUE HILLIARD
Forest Supervisor
?? rr
Caring for the Land and Serving People Printed on Recycled Pape,
DECISION MEMO
Wolf Branch Stream Crossing (Trail 660)
USDA Forest Service
Bent Creek Experimental Forest
Pisgah Ranger District
Pisgah National Forest
Buncombe County, North Carolina
1. DECISION
I have decided to perform the following trail and stream stabilization work on the Pisgah Ranger
District and Bent Creek Experimental Forest (Bent Creek) on Trail 660 near Wolf Branch (see
vicinity map and design plans at end of document):
1. Remove fill material from channel located at the upstream & downstream ends of failed
corrugated metal pipe (CMP).
2. Remove CMP from site.
3. Install coir logs at the toe of the new bankfull channel bank, approximately 60 feet total
length. Channel width & meander pattern determined from upstream measurements.
4. Build the new bank, using on-site soil material. From the coir logs construct a bankfull
bench/floodplain within the entrenched channel. From the outer edge of the floodplain
slope bank to the terrace elevation at a 2:1 slope.
5. Fell the two trees in the trail on the west bank, retaining root wads. Place these trees in the
new channel.
6. Using the existing trail and place railroad ballast size rock overlain with smaller (3" minus)
clean gravel on the east side of the crossing to improve drainage (- 50 feet of trail).
7. Harden the west side bridge approach (- 4 feet of trail).
8. At the existing trail location, construct a bridge (10 -15' long) to cross the branch. While
maintaining the appropriate channel width, place boulders (2'-3' in size) on channel banks
under the bridge for stabilization.
9. Seed and mulch all disturbed area.
10. Plant coir logs & banks with -60 live stakes.
II. EXISTING CONDITION
An undersized culvert at the intersection of trail 660 and Wolf Branch has failed and has caused
bank erosion and stream channelization within Wolf Branch, a tributary to Bent Creek. Stream
banks are exposed and soil wasting is occurring directly into the stream. This is a stream
crossing for the Ledford trail (660), and the crossing is hazardous due to the collapse and
exposure of the culvert.
The activity area is located within Forest Plan Watershed #27 (Bent Creek watershed) which
eventually flows into the French Broad River. The project occurs within the Pisgah Ranger
Wolf Branch Stream Crossing (Trail 660)
District in Buncombe County, North Carolina.
Aquatic habitat within affected reaches of Wolf Branch primarily consists of riffles with gravel
and cobble, 60% embedded with silt as substrate. Portions of the stream bank are eroded or have
recently failed and have very little vegetation stabilizing them.
111. PURPOSE & NEED
The purpose and need of the proposal is to improve trail conditions and safety and to improve
water quality and aquatic habitat while improving stream bank stability.
IV. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT
The proposal was placed in the National Forest's in North Carolina's January, April, and July
2009 Schedule of Proposed Actions (SOPA). The project was also discussed with a
representative from SORBA.
V. REASONS FOR CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION OF PROJECT
This project is categorically excluded under 36 CFR 220.6(e)(1), Construction and
reconstruction of trails. There are no extraordinary circumstances pursuant to 36 CFR 220.6(b)
that exist which might cause the action to have significant effects. Resource conditions that
could have extraordinary circumstances include:
1. Federally listed threatened or endangered species or designated critical habitat, species
proposed for Federal listing or proposed critical habitat, or Forest Service sensitive species -
a biological evaluation was completed on March 12, 2009, that concluded: There will be no
impacts to any TES species or habitat for the Wolf Branch Trail Crossing Project.
2. Flood plains, wetlands, or municipal watersheds - while none are present, the proposal is
designed to improve aquatic resources by reducing sediment and erosion.
3. Congressionally designated areas, such as wilderness, wilderness study areas, or national
recreation areas - none are present.
4. Inventoried roadless area or potential wilderness area - none are present.
5. Research natural areas - none are present.
6. American Indians and Alaska Native religious or cultural sites - a heritage review has been
completed and heritage resources would be protected based on project design.
7. Archaeological sites, or historic properties or areas - a heritage review has been completed
and heritage resources would be protected based on project design.
VI. FINDINGS
1. The actions of this project are consistent with Forest-wide direction given in the Forest Plan.
Wolf Branch Stream Crossing (Trail 660)
2. The project is feasible and reasonable, and will result in applying management practices that
meet the Forest Plan's overall direction of protecting the environment while producing goods
and services.
3. The actions of this project have met all requirements of the Endangered Species Act and all
agreements with the State Natural Heritage Program, in that there are no impacts expected on
Endangered, Threatened, or Sensitive species or critical habitat for these species.
4. There are no significant heritage or cultural resources that would be impacted in the project
area.
5. There are no irreversible or irretrievable resource commitments.
VII. IMPLEMENTATION AND APPEAL
This is a non-appealable decision pursuant to 36 CFR 215.12(f). This decision is non-appealable
because it is categorically excluded from an Environmental Assessment (EA) or an
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Following issuance of Army Corps of Engineer permits
for working in a streamcourse, this decision will be implemented and will continue until
completion.
isi11'Q.,,an6 V aTess
RANDALL BURGESS
Pisgah District Ranger
Jai s 2009
Date
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Figure 1: Wolf Branch Stream Crossing (Trail 660) Vicinity Map
COIR FIBER LOG
CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
TOP OF BANK
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WOODEN STAKE B,nMUI f 2:1
COIR FIBER FleedpW.
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STREAM BANK TO BE SLOPED BACK '
COIR FIBER LO TOE OF BANK
STREAM BED
INSTALLATION CM b bp„n il"ed by ApBl p M Mw(!-4Erp)
i tnn.n.l pW.b efuNm ..wxr. Tn.leol,pn.WI.th t-.h. V tth. WOODEN STAKES
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NF.NC Nyi,.I.gW
Figure 2: Stream Bank Stabilization Diagram
Bent Creek System Trail #660 > >
Wolf Branch Stream Crossing
CURRENT CONDITION
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Sketch - Not To Scale
Figure 3: Wolf Branch Existing Condition
Proposed Actions:
1. Remove fill material from channel located
Bent Creek System Trail #660 ' pip the upstream & downstream ends or
Wolf Branch Stream Crossing 2. Remove pipe from site.
PROPOSED ACTION 3. Instal colr logs at the toe ofthe new
bankful channel bank, approximately 60
• feettotal length. Channel width &
GROSS SECTION A-8 t meander pattern determined from
upstream measurements.
Ttp a uuee loo ten,a 4. Build the new bank, using on-site sal
,e.ta °"` •Nr,t on mat dal.
1. From the coir logs construct a
.cp A
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the entrenched channel.
2. From the outer edge ofthe
floodplaln slope bank to the
??•, •..:r•-,,e;:•:,,,,• terrace elevation at a 2:1 slope.
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' 5. Fell the two trees in the trail on the west
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' bank, retaining root wads. Place these
trees in the new channel.

K 6. Using the existing trail, place railroad
ballast size rock overlain with smaller (3"
L J = bankfull stream channel mnusl clean gravel on the east side of
1
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Harden the westside bridge
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a bridge (10 -15' long) to cross the
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= placed tree S.
9. Seed arid mulch all disturbed area.
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Figure 4: Wolf Branch Proposed Action