19920242 Ver 1_COMPLETE FILE_19920101

DEPARTMEN-,OF THE ARMY
WILMINGTON DISTRICT; CORPS16F ENGINEERS
P.O. B09.1890
WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890
IN REPLY REFER TO
Regulatory Branch
January 29, 1998
i,
?"!ittt '?50147ALKENCES
+.NP4
SUBJECT: Action ID. 199100932
Dr. Norman B. Grantham
Johnston County Airport Authority
3149 Swift Creek road
Smithfield, North Carolina 27577
Dear Dr. Grantham:
Reference the Department of the Army permit issued to you on
September 4, 1992, authorizing fill activities within wetlands
adjacent to Swift and Reedy Creeks, to facilitate construction of
runway, safety area and taxiway extensions, near Smithfield, in
Johnston County, North Carolina. Reference also the November 26,
1997 report submitted by your consultant, Dr. Leon S. Jernigan of
Needham, Jernigan, & Associates, Incorporated, on the results of
the annual vegetation monitoring for the wetland mitigation site
required for this project.
Based on the information in the referenced report and
previous annual reports, as well as onsite inspections conducted
by members of my staff, we have determined that you have
satisfactorily met the requirements of "Condition a(1)" of your
permit, and therefore no further monitoring of the hydrology will
be required. In addition, the site as s is i y me e
required vecPfiat?ve GLCcess criteria for two consecutive years.
We are very pleased with the success of the site to this point,
particularly in light of the problems with substrate and
hydrology during and immediately after construction of the site.
However, we are concerned with the large numbers of "nuisance
species" within the sample, specifically loblolly pine (Pinus
taeda black willow (Salix nigra), and sweetgum (Liquidambar
styraciflua). Because of our concern regarding the prevalence of
these species, we are reluctant to release you from the
requirement for one additional year of vegetative monitoring, as
Dr. Jernigan requested on your behalf.
Dr. Jernigan has informed us that you have agreed to remove
individuals of the three "nuisance" species by cutting them off
above the ground by hand. Given this extra effort to ensure the
success of the target vegetative species, combined with the
documented survival of the target species, we are willing to
waive the requirement for one additional year of vegetative
monitoring. This waiver is specific to the unusual circumstances
of this mitigation site, and in no way affects or diminishes our
requirements for up to five years of vegetative monitoring on
other existing and future wetland mitigation sites.
Therefore, we have determined that you have satisfactorily
met the requirements of "Condition a. (1 - 6)" of your permit,
provided that you hand clear the entire mitigation site of
loblolly pine, black willow and sweetgum. The hand-clearing work
must be completed prior to June 1, 1998. Provided the removal of
nusiance species is completed as agreed upon, no further
monitoring of the site will be required. Please note that it is
your responsibility, as described in the mitigation plan, to
insure that the mitigation site shall be protected from future
development.
Thank you for your time and cooperation, and also that of
Dr. Jernigan, in bringing this matter to a successful conclusion.
If you have any questions, please contact Mr. Eric Alsmeyer,
Raleigh Field Office regulatory staff, telephone [phone],
extension 23.
Sincerely,
S. Kenneth Jolly
Manager, Raleigh Regulatory
Field Office
2
Copies Furnished:
Leon S. Jernigan, Jr., Ph.D.
Needham, Jernigan, & Associates, Inc.
6948 Point East Drive
Fayetteville, North Carolina 28306-9505
Mr. John Dorney
Division of Water Quality
North Carolina Department of
Environment and
Natural Resources
4401 Reedy Creek Road
Raleigh, NC 27607
Mr. Carroll Triplett
W.K. Dickson & Company, Inc.
501 Commerce Drive, NE
Columbia, South Carolina 29223
Mr. John L. Caldwell
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Division of Aviation
Post Office Box 25201
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-5201
3
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E.,
MEMORANDUM
1Tk?W,J
NC ENR
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
Director ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
July 28, 1998
To: Ed Buchner
Through: John Dorney
From: Eric Galamb
SUBJECT: Draft EA Review for Lincolnton/Lincoln County Airport Expansion
Lincoln County
DENR Project No. 99-0017, DWQ No. 12142
This office has reviewed the subject document. The Division of Water Quality (DWQ) is
responsible for the issuance of the Section 401 Water Quality Certification for activities
which impact waters of the state including wetlands. The Lincolnton/Lincoln County
Airport is proposing runway extension and safety overrun, terminal area redevelopment,
installation of a guide slope unit and approach clearing. We provided scoping comments
on February 13, 1998. These comments were not addressed in the EA and therefore we
include them once again. DWQ request that the following items be discussed in the
proposed EA:
A. Please discuss runway expansion for the following alternatives:
• Full extension on runway 5
• Full extension on runway 23
• Combination of extension on runways 5 and 23
The preferred alternative should be the one with the least impacts to wetlands and
waters.
B. Please discuss the impacts to wetlands and waters from the original facility
construction.
C. Please be aware that compensatory mitigation may be required for wetland and/or
water impacts.
D. DWQ believes that the following statement in the Endangered Species, Wetland,
and Biotic Community Inventory of the Lincolnton-Lincoln County Airport
Project report is inaccurate, "The waters can be impacted without a Corps permit
as long as less than 500 feet of culvert are required." In North Carolina,
Nationwide Permit 26 impacts to waters above 150 feet require an application to
the Corps and DWQ. Please be advised that this permit will no longer exist in
December 1998 and will be replaced with an unknown permit.
Environmental Sciences Branch 4401 Reedy Creek Road Raleigh, North Carolina 27607
Telephone [phone] FAX # [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/10% post consumer paper
E. Please ensure that the two areas in the Runway protection zone that are not
crosshatched are included in the EA discussion.
F. Glide slope units can be very expensive to relocate. Therefore, fully discuss the
implications of placing the glide slope unit at its proposed location and how this
location will affect further expansions with particular emphasis on the impacts to
wetlands and waters.
G. Borrow/waste areas should avoid wetlands to the maximum extent practicable.
Prior to the approval of any borrow/waste site in a wetland, the contractor shall
obtain a 401 Certification from DWQ. Compensatory mitigation will likely be
required for borrow/waste activities in wetlands.
H. Please ensure that sediment and erosion control measures are not placed in
wetlands.
Please note that a 401 Water Quality Certification cannot be issued until the conditions of
NCAC 15A: 01C.0402 (Limitations on Actions During NCEPA Process) are met. This
regulation prevents DWQ from issuing the 401 Certification until a FONSI or Record of
Decision (ROD) has been issued by the Department requiring the document. It is
recommended that if the 401 Certification application is submitted for review prior to the
sign off, the applicant states that the 401 should not be issued until the applicant informs
WQ that the FONSI or ROD has been signed off by the Department.
Written concurrence of 401 Water Quality Certification may be required for this project.
Please be aware that 401 Certification may be denied if wetland or water impacts have
not been avoided and minimized' to the maximum extent practicable.
Lincolnap2

JUL 2.6
0
WK
DICKSON
October 5, 1998
Mr. Eric Galamb
Wetlands Unit
NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Engineers 4401 Reedy Creek Road
Planners Raleigh, North Carolina
Surveyors 27607
Re: SCH File # 99-E-0000-0017
Lincolnton/Lincoln Co. Airport
Environmental Assessment
Dear Mr. Galamb,
V- 8
I have reviewed the comments in your letter dated, July 28, 1998 and am addressing the issues
as follows:
A. Runway Extension Alternatives - We are planning to extend Runway 5 700' with safety
overuns on each end. Extending Runway 23 would not be environmentally or economically
feasible. The reasons are detailed on page A-2 of the report.
B. Original Impacts - To the best of our knowledge there were no impacts to wetlands or
waters from the original construction of the facility.
C. Wetland Mitigation - The wetlands delineation map found in Appendix 'A' of the report
shows a partial parallel taxiway extension in conjunction with the runway extension, which
potentially impacts a wetland area flagged by Dr. Gaddy. This taxiway extension is not
planned to be constructed with the runway extension and is planned for stage II. Before the
taxiway is constructed an additional environmental assessment will have to be prepared. All
references to the taxiway extension will be removed.
D. Corps Permit - The second paragraph on page D-6 detailing the 500 feet of culvert to avoid
a corp permit will be revised to 150 feet as per your statement. Dr. Gaddy made tis statement
in the report that he prepared. We have no plans to install a culvert since no wetlands will be
impacted.
E. Runway Protection Zone - The areas not crosshatched in the runway protection zone were
not analyzed because this area was previously disturbed when the airport was initially
constructed.
F. Glide Slope Relocation - The expense of relocating a glide slope is true. We have recently
completed the airport master plan update which covers planned development at the airport
for the next 20 years. Do to the expense and the environmental concerns we have no plans
to extend runway 23 during this time frame.
501 Commerce Drive, NE other offices: Atlanta, GA Hickory, NC
Columbia, South Carolina 29223 Asheville, NC Raleigh, NC
803.786.4261 Charlotte, NC Wilmington, NC
FAX [phone]
www.wkdickson.com
2
G. Borrow/Waste Areas - None of the planned construction mentioned in the report will involve
borrow or waste areas in any wetlands. We will add this statement to the report.
H. Erosion Control - We will add a statement to page D-10 pertaining to erosion control that
erosion and sediment control measures will not be placed in wetlands.
I hope that the above statements and report additions will satisfy the requirements for a 401
Engineers Water Quality Certification. If you have any questions or I can be of further assistance please fell
Planners free to call,
Surveyors
Sincerely,
W.K. Dickson & Company, Inc.
Jamey Kempson
cc. Rick Barkes, NCDOA
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
MEMORANDUM
JA
DEN R
February 13, 1998
To: Michelle Suverkrubbe
Through: John Dornevy
From Eric Galam%'
SUBJECT: Scoping Request for Lincolnton/Lincoln County Airport Expansion
Lincoln County
DENR Project No. 98-0445, DWQ No. 11932
This office has reviewed the subject document. The Division of Water Quality
(DWQ) is responsible for the issuance of the Section 401 Water Quality
Certification for activities which impact waters of the state including wetlands. The
Lincolnton/Lincoln County Airport is proposing runway extension and safety
overrun, terminal area redevelopment, installation of a guide slope unit and
approach clearing. DWQ request that the following items be discussed in the
proposed EA:
A. Please discuss runway expansion for the following alternatives:
• Full extension on runway 5
• Full extension on runway 23
• Combination of extension on runways 5 and 23
The preferred alternative should be the one with the least impacts to wetlands
and waters.
B. Please discuss the impacts to wetlands and waters from the original facility
construction.
C. Please be aware that compensatory mitigation may be required for wetland
and/or water impacts.
D. DWQ believes that the following statement in the Endangered Species,
Wetland, and Biotic Community Inventory of the Lincolnton-Lmcoln County
Airport Project report is inaccurate, "The waters can be impacted without a
Corps permit as Iong as less than 500 feet of culvert are required." In North
Carolina, Nationwide Permit 26 impacts to waters above 150 feet require an
application to the Corps and DWQ. Please be advised that this permit will no
longer exist in December 1998 and will be replaced with an unknown permit.
E. Please ensure that the two areas in the Runway protection zone that are not
crosshatched are included in the EA discussion.
Environmental Sciences Branch • 4401 Reedy Creek Road Raleigh, North Carolina 27607
Telephone [phone] FAX # [phone]
An Equal opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/10% post consumer paper
F. Glide slope units can be very expensive to relocate. Therefore, fully discuss
the implications of placing the glide slope unit at its proposed location and
how this location will affect further expansions with particular emphasis on
the impacts to wetlands and waters.
G. Borrow/waste areas should avoid wetlands to the maximum extent
practicable. Prior to the approval of any borrow/waste site in a wetland, the
contractor shall obtain a 401 Certification from DWQ. Compensaty
mitigation will likely be required for borrow/waste activities in wetlands.
H. Please ensure that sediment and erosion control measures are not placed in
wetlands.
Please note that a 401 Water QQuali Certification cannot be issued until the
conditions of NCAC 15A: 01C.040? (Limitations on Actions DgeInAl. NCEPA
Process) are met. This regulation prevents DWQ from issuing Certification
until a FONSI or Record of Decision (ROD) has been issued bx the Department
requiring the document. It is recommended that if the 401 Certification application
is submitted for review prior to the sign off, the applicant states that the 4If1 should
not be issued until the applicant informs WQ that the FONSI or ROD has been
signed off by the Department.
Written concurrence of 401 Water Quality Certification may be required for this
project. Please'be aware that 401 Certification may be denied if wetland or water
impacts have not been avoided and minimized to the maximum extent practicable.
Lincolntoairp
Environmental Review Tracking Sheet
DWQ - Water Quality Section
Date:
MEMORANDUM
TO: Env. Sciences Branch (WQ Lab)
O Trish MacPherson (end. sps)
O Kathy Herring (forest/ORW/HQW)
O Larry Ausley (ecosystems)
O Matt Mathews (toxicology)
O Jay Sauber (intensive survey)
Non-Discharge Branch (Archdale 9th)
O Kim Colson (Permitting)
Wetlands (WQ Lab)
O John Dorney (Corps, 401)
O Cyndi Bell (DOT)
19?, Eric Galamb
O Eric Fleek
! DENR # % -G7 TJ
?or% 19Y8 DWQ # Z
Reg / Prg Mgmt Coordination Branch
O Ed Buchen (Archdale 9th)
O Brent McDonald (Archdale 12th)
Regional Water Quality Supervisors
O Asheville O Mooresville O Washington
O Fayetteville O Raleigh O Wilmington
O Winston -Salem
Plannins Branch (Archdale 6th)
Michelle Suverkrubbe, Regional / Program Management Coordination Branch
O Alan Clark (basinwide planning)
O Boyd DeVane (classifications & standards)
O Beth McGee (management planning)
O Steve Zoufaly (reclassifications)
O Ruth Swanek (modeling) (Archdale 9th)
Point Source Branch (Archdale 9th)
O Dave Goodrich (NPDES) O
O Bradley Bennett (Stormwater) O
O Tom Poe (Pretreatment) (Archdale 7th) O
FROM:
?-
PROJECT:
Attached is a copy of the above document. Subject to the requirements of the North Carolina Environmental
Policy Act, you are being asked to review the document for potential significant impacts to the environment,
especially pertinent to your jurisdiction, level of expertise or permit authority. Please check the appropriate
box below and return this form to me along with your written comments, if any, by the date indicated.
RESPONSE DEADLINE: 2
? NO COMME T F-1 COMMENTS ATTACHED
Name:
Date:
Thank you for your assistance. Suggestions for streamlining this process are greatly appreciated!
Notes:
I can be reached at:
phone: [phone], ext. 567
fax: [phone] e-mail: [e-mail]
mis.Vircmemo - mac version
}
4.... It I
WK
DICKSON
January 14,1998
Nab Ms. Jeanette Furney
North Carolina State Clearinghouse
Engineers Department of Administration
Planners
Surveyors 116 West Jones Street
Raleigh, NC
27601
Re: Lincolnton/Lincoln.County Airport,
Environmental Assessment
WKD # 96222.30
Dear Ms. Furney
The Lincolnton/Lincoln County airport authority is presently preparing an
environmental assessment for the future development of the airport. The
proposed airport projects include extension of runway 5 with a safety overrun,
redevelopment of the terminal area, installation of a glide slope unit for runway
23, and approach clearing.
In order to assure proper development of the project and to consider all social,
economic, and environmental effects that may result from the project W. K.
Dickson requests input from your agency to assist in identifying any important
issues relative to this project, and to obtain information that may be used in
evaluating potential impacts to the human and natural environment.
Please find enclosed ten copies of the endangered species, wetland, and biotic
community inventory survey of the planned expansion of the airport, prepared by
Dr. L.L. Gaddy, Consulting Biologist, and ten copies of the Airport Layout Plan
showing the areas to be impacted. Once we have received responses from the
appropriate agencies and their comments have been addressed, this report will
be incorporated into the environmental assessment study once it has been
prepared in draft form.
R LE Co. ED
f?,10 1998,
501 Commerce Drive, NE Other Offices: Atlanta, GA
Columbia, South Carolina 29223 Asheville. NC N.C. STATE CLEAPINIGHOUS
803 786-4261 Charlotte, NC
FAX [phone] Hickory, NC
www.wkdickson.com Raleigh, NC

*` ' 4
An intensive archaeological survey of the planned airport development area,
prepared by the Chicora Foundatign, has been submitted to Ms. Renee Gledhill-
Earley of the N. C. Department of Cultural Resources for review and comment.
Your interest in this project and your participation are appreciated. If you have
any comments or require any additional information please feel free to contact
me.
Sincerely,
W. K. Dickson & Company, Inc.
Jamey Kempson
enclosure
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ENDANGERED SPECIES, WETLAND, AND BIOTIC COMMUNITY INVENTORY
OF THE LINCOLNTON-LINCOLN COUNTY AIRPORT PROJECT
(Protect WKD # 96222.30)
prepared by
L. L.'Gaddy, Ph. D., Consulting Biologist
245 The Wild, Wood Way
Walhalla, South Carolina 29691
for
W. K. Dickson
501 Commerce Drive, NE
Columbia, South Carolina 29223

ENDANGERED SPECIES, WETLAND, AND BIOTIC COMMUNITY INVENTORY
OF THE LINCOLNTON-LINCOLN COUNTY AIRPORT PROJECT
(Protect WKD # 96222.30)

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prepared by
L. L. Gaddy, Ph. D., Consulting Biologist

245 The Wild Wood Way
Walhalla, South Carolina 29691
for
W. K. Dickson
501 Commerce Drive, NE
29223
Columbia, South Carolina

INTRODUCTION
' In mid-October of 1997, properties acquired or to be ac-
quired for expansion of the Lincolnton-Lincoln County Airport
were inventoried to determine the presence and status of endAn-
gered, threatened, or otherwise noteworthy species, of Jurisdic-
tional wetlands, and of biotic communities on these tracts (see
Appendix for site map). Seven biotic communities, two (possibly,
ind
three) state-listed plant species, VroMis
were found in the study tracts.
RESULTS
Endangered, Threatened, and Otherwise Noteworthy Species
Table 1 lists endangered, threatened, and otherwise notewor-
thy plant and animal species known to occur in Lincoln County,
North Carolina. This list was compiled from data furnished by
the Asheville office of the Fish and Wildlife Service and by the
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (see Appendix for contact
correspondence with both agencies).
Species marked with an asterisk were found in the study
areas during the course of the October inventory. Twenty plants
of Indian olive (Nestronia umbellula), a low shrub, were found in
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Table 1. Endangered, threatened, and otherwise noteworthy
species known from Lincoln County, North Carolina.

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SPECIES
COMMON NAME
1
LISTING/STATUS
Cyprinella zanema
Draba reptans
Helenium pinnatifidum
Hexastylis naniflora*#
Santee chub
creeping draba
State/SR
State/SH
dissected sneeze- State/SR
weed
dwarf-flowered Federal/T
heartleaf
Lanius ludovicianus loggerhead shrike State/SC
Nestronia umbellula* Indian olive State/SR
Rhus michauxii Michaux's sumac Federal/E
Smilax biltmoreana* Biltmore carrion- State/C
flower
Triodopsis fulcidens dwarf threetooth State/SC
1
E-endangered; T-threatened; C-candidate; SR-significantly
rare; SC-special concern; SH-historic population.
*Located in study areas during this inventory.
#May be Hexastylis minor, which is not federally- or state-
listed; positive identification can be made only when plant is in
flower In March-April.

open mixed hardwood-pine woods north of Airport Drive (see site
map). Indian olive or nestronia is considered "significantly
rare" in the State of North Carolina (Weakley, 1993), but. Is not
listed by the Fish and Wildlife Service (a federal agency). One
plant of Biltmore carrion-flower (Smilax biltmoreana), a "candi-
date" for state listing in North Carolina was also found north of
Airport Drive (see site map for location). Biltmore carrion-
flower is an herbaceous, thornless member of the genus Smilax,
the greenbriars.
Just below the carrion-flower site, a good populations (50-
60 plants) of a species of the genus Hexastylis (the heartleaves)
was found. Unfortunately, species of Hexastylis cannot be deter-
mined to species when they are not in flower. Because Hexastylis
naniflora, a federally-listed threatened North Carolina-South
Carolina endemic (see Table 1), is known from western Lincoln
County, there is a strong possibility that this site may be the
third noteworthy species site in the study areas. This site,
however, is on Lick Creek which drains eastward into the LAke
Norman basin where populations of the more common Piedmont heart-
leaf (Heastylis minor) are found. Positive identification of the
plants in the population cannot be made until the spring of 1998.
Ten to twenty clumps of the same plant are also found in one of
the eastern study areas (see site map). All noteworthy plant
populations were marked with blue flagging.
3

Jurisdictional Wetlands
One Jurisdictional wetland (per Corps of Engineers 1987
definition) was found within the study areas. It is mapped on
the site map and on a separate sketch map, on which flag numbers
are given. .'Elias wetland Is h scamp ex; of chanriel,ized' acre ig beds
and their floodplains whi+c-h -r.esw'1"ted" from previous ai`rpo"fit aon-
s,t-V-46 t'i6In It appears the ,; txea, d; was movyd'?by the placement
of fill which is now the runway berm of the airport. The wetland
and its streams flow under Airport Drive and ultimately under the
runway berm via culverts. The dominant vegetation is tag alder
(Alnus serrulata) and black willow (Salix nigra), both species
indicative of disturbance. , MW
? .a'iioed, or t he st ream + ' is a!ga"i n ma rod, ;s:o.ai6, nix i &A_ tai on
lacy bre= rquf "red (though such mitigation may be minimal). Up-
stream from this wetland, "waters of the U. S." or stream chan-
nels are also found (these waters are mapped on the wetland
sketch map and arP flagged in the field). The waters can be
impacted whaixt a Corp:` permit as long as less than 500 feet of
culvert are required. Lick Creek, which flows through two of the
eastern parcels of land, also qualifies as "waters of the U. S."
Because no construction is planned near Lick Creek in the Immedi-
ate future, this area was not flagged.
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Biotic Communities
Seven plant community types or biotic communities were
identified in the study areas. They are given below with their
dominant vegetation.
1. Pasture/Field. Fescue (Festuca sp.), broomsedge (Andro-
pozon virxinicus), dogfennel (Eupatorium capillifolium), pokeweed
(Phytolacca americana), foxtail grass (Setaria sp.), everlasting
(Gnaphalium obtusifolium), and goldenrod (Solidazo sp.) dominate
this type. This community type includes most non-forested areas
and is represented in the study areas by well-groomed fescue
pastures, by old fields, by bottomland pastures, and clearcut
woodlands now dominated by grasses and herbs.
2. Fencerow. Sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua), eastern
red cedar (Juniperus virziniana), persimmon M ospyros virzini-
ana), American holly (Ilex opaca), and sassafras (Sassafras
albidum) are the dominant species of the fencerows of the study
areas.
3. Thicket. Sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza sericea), Virgin-
is pine (Pinus virziniana), tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipif-
era), and red maple (Acer rubrum) are common here. Thickets are
most common on the northeastern slope of the airport runway berm.
4. Pine. One small Virginia pine stand less than 40 years
old is found Just north of the runway.
5. Riparian/Wetland. Tag alder (Alnus serrulata), black

willow (Salix nizra), eastern red cedar, sweet gum, river birch
(Betula nizra), Virginia pine, black walnut (Juzlans nizra), and
5
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dogwood (Cornus florida) are the dominant species of streamside
areas, floodplains, and wetlands in the study areas. Wetland
species occur on the banks of most streams and wetlands of the
study areas; however, in the well-drained Lick Creek bottomland,
eastern red cedar, Virginia pine, and dogwood are common along
with typical riparian species such as tag alder and river birch.
See Jurisdictional Wetlands section above for further discussion.
6. Mixed Hardwood-Pine. Southern red oak (Quercus
falcata), beech (Faxus grandifolia), white oak (Quercus alba),
red oak (Quercus rubra), hickory (Carya spp.), Virginia pine,
shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata), huckleberry (Gaylussacia sp.),
and blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) dominate this type, which is common
northwest of Airport Drive. Trees in this type range up to one
foot in diameter at breast height (4.5 feet).
T. Mixed Hardwood. Beech, red oak, white oak, tulip pop-

lar, umbrella magnolia (Magnolia tripetala), dogwood, pawpaw
(Asimina triloba), American holly (Ilex opaca), honeysuckle
azalea (Rhododendron nudiflorum) are the dominant species in this
type. Good mixed hardwood areas are found on the bluffs of Lick
Creek and its tributaries. One excellent hardwood stand is found
northwest of the Jurisdictional wetland (northwest of Airport
Drive) on both sides of the creek which drains into that wetland.
Here, mature (over two feet in diameter) beech, red oak, white
oak dominate the canopy with umbrella magnolia, dogwood, and
pawpaw common in the understory.
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LITERATURE CITED

Weakley, Alan S. 1993. Natural Heritage Program list of the
rare plant species of North Carolina. Div. of Parks and
Recreation. N. C. Dept. of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources. Raleigh. 79 p.
7
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APPENDIX
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DATA FORM
ROUTINE ITE DETERMINATION METHOD'
Field Investigator(s):
• ?- • Date: / S /67 ProjecVSke: L1 GOB State: G County
ApplicantlOwner: 6-1 - Plant Community vName: A?i
Note_ If a more detailed si a description is necessary, use the back of data form or a field not _ ok_ _ _ _ _ _ -
,4_'Do normal environmental conditions grin; W the plant community?
Yes No /_ (h no, explain on back)
Has the vegetation, soils, and/or hydrology been significantly disturbed?
Yes- No __---explain on_back)
_ _____________________________-_ (11 yes, VEGETATION
Indicator Indicator
Dominant Plant Species Stattu?us.? Stratum Dominant Plant Species Status Stratum
ALAI (C U 1. u
2. Z4 )C - 12. fJT L'
3. L/ u r Z>A 13.
c - 14. w 4. -r
-
5. r 15.
6• A I&IR Ak_ x--16.
Vrwwaela 4.W /S 17.
7.
e. 18.
9. 19.
10. _ 20. -
Percent of dominant species that are OBL, FACK and/or FAC ?1 d
Is the hydrophytic vegetation criterion met? Yes No
Rationale:
SOILS
1

is the hydric roil criterion met? Yes
Series/phase: -Gy" -
Is the soil on the hydric soils list?
Is the soil a Histosol? Yes
Is the soil: Mottled? Yes
Matrix Color:
Other hydric soil indicators:
No
is the ground surface inundated? Yes No _72-C Surface water depth:
Is the soil saturated? Yes No , - /??L •? l
Depth to free-standing water i pi /soil probe hole: v?ft?t^?
List other field evidence of surface inundation or soil saturation.
Is the wetland hydrology criterion met? Yes
Rationale:
JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINAMON AND RATIONALE
Is the plant community a wetland? Yes No
' Rationale for jurisdictional decision:
t This data form can be used for the Hydric Soil Assessment Procedure and the.Plant Community
Assessment Procedure.
2 Classification according to 'Soil Taxonomy.'
psi -r s -F; +-+-? ?1.J Z? +/1 '?T??
1
B-2 elq?5 u ?k ?-(-y I((0 t,o??o co Sgl
No
?2 1 UfKJ?_Subgroup:2
Yes • No Undetermined
No Histic epipedon present? Yes No
No ?Gleyed? Yes No
Mottle Colors:
' ENDANGERED, THREATENED, AND CANDIDATE SPECIES
AND FEDERAL SPECIES OF CONCERN IN NORTH CAROLINA
This list was adapted from the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program's County Species List.
It is a listing, by county, of North Carolina's federally listed and proposed endangered,
threatened, and candidate species and Federal species of concern (for a complete list of rare
species in the state, please contact the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program). The
information on this list is compiled from a variety of sources, including field surveys, museums
t and herbariums, literature, and personal communications. The North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program's database is dynamic, with new records being added and old records being revised as
new information is received. Please note that this list cannot be considered a definitive record of
' listed species and Federal species of concern, and it should not be considered a substitute for
field surveys.
LINCOLN COUNTY
COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME STATUS
Vascular Plants
' Dwarf-flowered heartleaf Hexastylis naniflora Threatened
Michaux's sumac Rhus michauxii Endangered*
KEY:
Status Definition
Endangered A taxon "in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range."
Threatened A taxon "likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or
a significant portion of its range."
Species with 1, 2, 3, or 4 asterisks behind them indicate historic, obscure, or incidental recor's.
*Historic record - the species was last observed in the county more than 50 years ago.
**Obscure record - the date and/or location of observation is uncertain.
***Incidental/migrant record - the species was observed outside of its normal range or habitat.
****Historic - obscure and incidental record.

1
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Parks and Recreation
Natural Heritage Program
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
Dr. Philip K. McKnelly, Director
October 14, 1997
C

I--

Mr. L. L. Gaddy
2445 The Wildwood Way
Walhalla, SC 29691
Dear Chick:
e??
CPlease find enclosed all the plant records we have for Lincoln county. I've also enclosed the
status list for Lincoln county and a cover letter explaining the various codes on the status list.
Please contact me at 919/715-8702 if you have questions or need more information.
Sincerely,
John Finnegan, Information Systems Manager
NC Heritage Program
/JTF
P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Emplover
Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
50% Recycled / 10% Post-Consumer Paper
NC NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM COUNTY SPECIES LIST COVER SHEET
' The county species list from the NC Natural Heritage Program is a listing of the elements (rare species, natural communities, and
special animal habitats) known to occur in a county. The information on this printout is compiled from a variety of sources,
including field surveys, museums and herbaria. literature, and personal communications. The Heritage Program's Biological and
Conservation Database (BCD) is dynamic, with new records being added and old records being revised as new information is
received. The BCD was developed and is maintained using methodology developed by The Nature Conservancy. The enclosed list
cannot be considered a definitive record of natural heritage elements, and it should not be considered a substitute for field surveys.
' When this information is used in any document, we request that the printout date be given and that the NC Natural Heritage
Program be credited.
' This cover sheet explains the four columns of status codes that are given on the right-hand side of the county list printout.
STATE
CODE STATUS
STATUS
CODE
STATUS
E Endangered P Proposed (E, T, or C)
T Threatened Si Significantly Rare
' SC Special Concern EX Extirpated
C Candidate WL Watch List
' Plant statuses are determined by the Plant Conservation Program (NC Department of Agriculture) and the Natural Heritage
Program (NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources). E, T, and SC species are protected by state law (Plant
Protection and Conservation Act, 1979). C and SR designations indicate rarity and the need for population monitoring and
conservation action. WL indicates a species not warranting active monitoring, but believed to of conservation concern.
Animal_ statuses that indicate state protection (E, T, and SC) are published in Endangered Wildlife of North Carolina, March 16,
1992, Nongame and Endangered Wildlife Program (NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources). SR and EX statuses
are Natural Heritage Program designations. SR indicates rarity and the need for population monitoring and conservation action.
WL indicates a species not warranting active monitoring, but believed to of conservation concern.
FEDERAL. STATUS
This status is designated by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Federally listed Endangered and Threatened species are protected
under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended through the 100th Congress. Unless otherwise noted,
' definitions are taken from the Federal Register, Vol. 56, No. 225, November 21, 1991 (50 CFR Part 17).
CODE STATUS DEFINITION
E Endangered A taxon "in danger of extinction throughout all of a significant portion of its range."
T Threatened A taxon "likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all of a
significant portion of its range."
' P Proposed A taxon proposed for official listing as endangered or threatened.
C Candidate A =on under consideration for which there is sufficient information to support listing. This category was
formerly designated as a Candidate 1 (C1) species.
FSC Federal Species of Concern. Formerly defined as a taxon under consideration for which there is
?- insufficient information to support listing; formerly designated as a Candidate 2 (C2) species. Currently,
the US Fish and Wildlife Service does not recognize this designation.
T(S/A) Threatened due to Similarity of Appearance. "The American Alligator is threatened due to similarity of
appearance with other rare crocodilians and is listed for trade purposes. The species is no longer
biologically endangered or threatened and is not subject to Section 7 consultation." (U.S. FWS)
Please note that the US Fish and Wildlife Service no longer recognizes the following categories:
t 3A Candidate 3A A taxon formerly under consideration for listing, but for which there is "persuasive evidence of
extinction."
3B Candidate 3B A taxon formerly under consideration for listing, but which current taxonomic understanding does not
' support as a distinct entity meeting the Endangered Species Act's definition of "species."
3C Candidate 3C A taxon formerly under consideration for listing,, but which has been "proven to more abundant or
widespread than previously believed and/or [which is] not subject to any identifiable threat."

GLO BAL AND !TA tF RA_
These ranks are determined by The Nature Conservancy's system of measuring rarity and threat status. "Global" refers to
worldwide ranks and "State" to statewide ranks.
STATE RANK DEFINITIONS
S1 Critically imperiled in North Carolina because of extreme rarity or otherwise very vulnerable to extirpation in the state.
S2 Imperiled in North Carolina because of rarity or otherwise vulnerable to extirpation in the state.
- S3 Rare or uncommon in North Carolina.
' S4 Apparently secure in North Carolina, with many occurrences.
S5 Demonstrably secure in North Carolina and essentially ineradicable under present conditions.
SA Accidental or casual; one to several records for North Carolina, but the state is outsfdEMe normal range of the species.
r SH Of historical occurrence in North Carolina, perhaps not having been verified in the past 25 years, and suspected to be still

SR extant in the state.
Reported from North Carolina, but without persuasive documentation for either accepting or rejecting the report.
SX Believed to be extirpated from North Carolina.
SU Possibly in peril in North Carolina, but status uncertain; more information is needed.
S? Unranked, or rank uncertain.
B Rank of breeding population in the state. Used for migratory species only.
_
N Rank of non-breeding population in the state. Used for migratory species only.
- _Z_ Population is not of significant conservation concern, applies to transitory, migratory species.
GLOBAL RANK DEFINITIONS
G1 Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity or otherwise very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range.
G2 Imperiled globally because of rarity or otherwise vulnerable to extinction throughout its range.
G3 Either very rare and local throughout its range, or found locally in a restricted area.
' G4 Apparently secure globally, although it may be quite rare in parts of its range (especially at the periphery).
G5 Demonstrably secure globally, although it may be quite rare in parts of its range (especially at the periphery).
GH Of historical occurrence throughout its range.
' GX Believed to be extinct throughout its range.
GU Possibly in peril, but status uncertain; more information is needed.
G? Unranked, or rank uncertain.
G
Q Of questionable taxonomic status.
_
T Status of subspecies or variety; the G rank ravers to the species as a whole.
' ADDI TIONAL DEENMONS
Elements following county names marked with 1 or 2 asterisks indicate obscure or historic records.
i
+ n.
Obscure record: the date the element was last observed in the county is uncerta
Historic record: the element was last observed in the county over 50 years ago.
' Scientific and common names listed in parentheses are synonyms listed in US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1992, Endangered and
Threatened Species of the Southeastern United States (The Red Book).

NC NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM, DIVISION OF PARKS AND RECREATION, DENR AUGUST 1997

SCIENTIFIC NAME
COMMON NAME STATE
STATUS FED. STATE
STATUS RANK GLOBAL
RANK
' Lincoln
Vertebrates
Lanius ludovicianus Loggerhead Shrike SC - S3B,S3N G5T5
ludovicianus
Vascular plants
Helenium pinnatifidum Dissected Sneezeweed SR - S2 G4
' Hexastylis naniflora Dwarf-flowered Heartleaf E/PT T S2 G2
Smilax biltmoreana Biltmore Carrion-flower C - S3 G3
' Natural communities

Basic Mesic Forest (Piedmont - -
S2
GST3
Subtype)
Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest - - S4 G5T5
(Piedmont Subtype)
Lincoln*
' Vertebrates
Cyprinella zanema pop 1 Santee Chub - Piedmont SR - S3 G3T3Q
Population

Invertebrates
Triodopsis fulcidens Dwarf Threetooth SC - S2 G?
Lincoln**
Vascular plants
Draba reptans Creeping Draba C - SH G5
Rhus michauxii Michaux's Sumac E-SC E S2 G2
' NC NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM, DIVISION OF PARKS AND RECREATION, DENR August 1997
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