20181597 Ver 1_PA 15-02-0012 Brunswick No NRHP Archaeological Sites Present Form_20181206

Project Tracking No.:
15-02-0012
NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
o��� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES �
$ a � .�;'.` .... ,�
'�Q� �� � ��` '` PRESENT OR AFFECTED FORM i�' � �
���p� �:�
�� _� �
'� o�°. '�' This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not �;`•�..,,,: ;.,,��
��;.� valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the �.�4
Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group.
PROJECT INFORMATION
Project No.
WBS No:
F.A. No:
B-4438
County.•
Document.•
Brunswick
38365.1.2
N/A
Federal Permit Required?
Minimum Criteria Sheet or PCE
Funding.• � State ❑ Federal
� Yes ❑ No Permit Type: NWP
Project Description:
The NCDOT proposes to replace Bridge No. 47 on NC 211 over Bear Pen Islands Swamp in Brunswick
County. As defined by the NCDOT, the Area of Potential Effects (APE) for archaeology measures
approximately 1,400 feet (426.72 m) long (centered on the mid point of the existing bridge). The corridor
is approximately 200 feet (91.44 m) wide, extending 100 feet (30.48 m) on each side of the centerline of
the roadway/bridge.
SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed
the subject project and determined:
� There are no National Register listed ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES within the project's
area of potential effects.
❑ No subsurface archaeological investigations are required for this project.
� Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources.
❑ Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources
considered eligible for the National Register.
❑ All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all
compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project.
� There are no National Register Eligible or Listed ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present
or affected by this project. (Attach any notes or documents as needec�
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED "
form far Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
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RECOMMENDATION
An archaeological survey and evaluation of the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 47 on NC 211 over
Bear Pen Islands Swamp in Brunswick County was conducted on April 14, 2015 by Terri Russ and Laura
Griesmer of Environmental Services, Inc. (ESI). As a result of the investigations, no archaeological sites
were located within the project's APE. No further archaeological investigations are needed for this
project. I concur with this recommendation as the proposed bridge replacement project will not impact
significant archaeological resources. If the project expands and impacts subsurface areas beyond the
defined APE, further archaeological consultations will be necessary.
SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION
See attached: � Map(s)
Other:
Signed: �
' ��
,
❑ Previous Survey Info
� Photos ❑Correspondence
/ v( 0�
27, 2015
NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST
Date
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED "
form far Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
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Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions:
ESI conducted an intensive archaeological survey for the replacement of Bridge No. 47 on NC 211 over
Bear Pen Islands Swamp in Brunswick County, North Carolina (Figures 1 and 2). As defined by the
NCDOT, the survey area (Area of Potential Effects [APE]) for archaeology measures approximately
1,400 feet (426.72 m) long (centered on the mid-point of the existing bridge). The corridor is
approximately 200 feet (91.44 m) wide, extending 100 feet (30.48 m) on each side of the centerline of the
roadway/bridge. A portion of the APE is located on State-owned property (Juniper Creek Game Land,
managed by the Wildlife Resources Commission). As such, a State Archaeological Resources Protection
Act (ARPA) permit was obtained prior to initiation of fieldwork (ARPA Pernut #116).
Background Summary
A map review and site file search conducted by NCDOT on 9 February 2015 revealed that no
comprehensive archaeological survey of this bridge has been conducted; however, one previously
recorded archaeological site has been identified within a one-half mile radius of the APE. Site 31BW380
is located outside of the APE on the southeast side of Bear Pen Islands Swamp. The site, identified in
1980 by Coastal Zone Resources, was recorded as a surface scatter of prehistoric ceramics within a
previously clearcut and gaded area on the southeast side of the swamp. A search of the North Carolina
State Historic Preservation Office online database (HPOWEB GIS Service) revealed no previously
recorded historic architectural resources within the APE that have the potential to yield intact
archaeological deposits.
Topographic maps, aerial photography, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) soil survey
maps, and historic maps were examined for information on natural or cultural factors that might have
affected site locations or preservation. Earlier maps of the vicinity, including the 1910 county map, c.
1930-43 Rural Delivery Route map, and 1930 County Road Survey do not appear to show a road in this
area at all (Figures 3�). Although the current bridge was constructed in 1954, the 1962 highway map of
Brunswick County (Figure 5) is the earliest clear depiction of the current road alignment and bridge. No
structures in the vicinity of the APE are depicted on any of these maps.
Environmental Setting
The APE is located within the Lower Coastal Plain physiographic region and consists of the floodplain
and adjacent T1 terraces of Bear Pen Islands Swamp. NC 211 (Green Swamp Road NW) crosses Bear
Pen Islands Swamp roughly northwest to southeast. Bear Pen Island Swamp drains southeast into Juniper
Creek, eventually flowing into the Waccamaw River within the Lumber River Basin.
Map units (soil series) are named for the major soil or soils within the unit, but may have minor
inclusions of other soils (NRCS 2014). The floodplain of the APE is mapped as Dorovan muck, a very
poorly drained, frequently flooded soil series (Table 1). The adjacent terrace on either side of the
floodplain is mapped as Foreston loamy fine sand, a moderately well drained, nearly level soil series
encountered on flats and broad interstream divides.
Table 1: Project Area Soils
Soil Name Code Slope Drainage Landform
Dorovan muck Do —% Very Poorly Floodplains
Foreston loamy fine sand Fo —% Moderately Well Flats, Broad interstream
divides on marine terraces
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED "
form far Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
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The current archaeological investigation included pedestrian (visual) inspection and shovel testing within
the APE. Photographs of the project area are shown as Figures C�14. A systematic visual inspection of
the APE was undertaken to search for surface artifacts, above-ground resources, or other signs of cultural
activity. A total of eight shovel tests were excavated during the current investigation (see Figure 2 for
shovel test locations). The APE was divided into four quadrants (e.g., northeast, southeast) based roughly
on their locations relative to the bridge. Each quadrant of the APE is described below.
The northwestern quadrant of the APE consisted of a clearcut powerline corridor and adjacent field of
scrub pine and vegetation. A wide drainage ditch runs along the side of the existing road (NC 211). The
portion of this quadrant south of Little Loop Road was very poorly drained and was surrounded by
drainage ditches. Shovel testing was limited to the area north of Little Loop Road, which appeared to be
fairly dry and was mapped as containing Foreston loamy iine sand, a moderately well drained soil series.
Three shovel tests were excavated in this quadrant of the APE (STs 1-3). ST 1 encountered disturbed
soils, likely resulting from timber harvesting or the maintenance and grading of Little Loop Road.
Pushpiles of soil, gravel, and asphalt as well as deep ruts and furrows from heavy equipment were noted
in the vicinity. ST 2 encountered 20 centimeters of dark grayish brown sandy loam over 20 centimeters
of olive brown loamy sand. Subsoil was a brownish yellow sandy clay, encountered at 40 centimeters
below ground surface. Soils in ST 3, located near the northeastern edge of the APE, were poorly drained
and consisted of 30 centimeters of dark grayish brown sandy loam over a wet, very dark gray loam.
The southwestern quadrant of the APE consisted of a maintained pine stand that appeared to have been
recently subjected to controlled burning (see Figure 9). Ground cover in this portion of the APE was
limited to low, scrubby vegetation including blueberry, fern, and various grasses. Five shovel tests were
excavated in this portion of the APE (STs 4-8). Shovel Tests ST�7 encountered 20 centimeters of dark
grayish brown loamy fine sand over 25 centimeters of light brown sand. Subsoil was a yellowish brown
to dark yellowish brown sandy clay. Shovel Test ST8 was poorly drained and consisted of 35 centimeters
of very dark gray sandy loam over mottled black and pale brown wet loamy sand.
The remaining portions of the APE (the northeastern and southeastern quadrants) consisted of very poorly
drained floodplain with standing water visible. No shovel testing was conducted in these areas; however,
a systematic visual inspection of the APE was undertaken for surface evidence of historic or prehistoric
cultural activity.
Excavated shovel tests measured 30 centimeters in diameter and were excavated to sterile subsoil,
hydric/saturated soils, the water table, or 75 centimeters below surface (whichever was encountered first).
All soils were excavated by natural levels (soil strata) and screened through a 0.25-inch hardware mesh.
No artifacts were recovered from any of the shovel tests.
Based on the results of the background research and field investigations, no archaeological resources are
located within the APE for Bridge No. 47 in Brunswick County. It is recommended that this project be
allowed to proceed without concern for impacts to significant cultural resources. Should the boundary of
the proposed APE be expanded or moved, additional archaeological investigations may be necessary, as
determined in consultation with the NCDOT and/or SHPO per the Programmatic Agreement.
.��G�yl�u��
Terri Russ
Senior Archaeology Manager
Environmental Services, Inc.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED "
form far Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
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REFERENCES CITED
National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
2014 Brunswick County, North Carolina Soil Survey. Natural Resources Conservation Service,
United States Department of Agriculture Web Soil Survey.
http://websoilsurvev.nres.usda.gov/ accessed 18 March 2015.
North Carolina State Highway Commission
1930 Brunswick County, Third District. North Carolina State Highway Commission, Bureau of
Public Roads. On file, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh.
http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/2072/rec/75 accessed 23 March
2015.
1953 Brunswick County. North Carolina State Highway and Public Warks Commission. On file,
North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh.
http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/7752/rec/82 accessed 23 March
2015.
1962 Brunswick County. North Carolina State Highway Commission, Bureau of Public Roads. On
iile, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh.. On file, North Carolina State Archives,
Raleigh. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/ncmaps/id/6491/rec/84
accessed 23 March 2015.
Smith, Charles Henry
1910 Map of Brunswick Counry. On file, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh.
http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/306/rec/64 accessed 23 March
2015.
United States Bureau of Soils: North Carolina Department of Agriculture
1937 Soil Map, North Carolina, Brunswick County Sheet (1932). On file, North Carolina State
Archives, Raleigh. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/1141/rec/78
accessed 23 March 2015.
United States Post Office
1930 Rural Delivery Routes, Brunswick County, North Carolina [c.1930-1943J. On file, North
Carolina State Archives, Raleigh.
http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/1805/rec/76 accessed 23 March
2015.
United States Geological Survey (USGS)
1990 Honey Island, N. C., 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED "
form far Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
15-02-0012
Figure 1. Project Location (Honey Island, NC USGS 7.5-Minute Topographic Quadrangle).
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELlGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED"
form for Minor Transportarion Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic ,4greement.
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Project Tracking No.:
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Figure 2. Map of Bridge No. 47 Showing APE and Shovel Test Locations.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELlGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED"
form for Minor Transportarion Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic ,4greement.
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Project Tracking No.:
15-02-0012
P':,n
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Approximate
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Figure 3. Rural Delivery Routes (c. 1930-1943), Brunswick County
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Figure 4. 1930 Brunswick County Road Map.
http: //dc. lib. unc. edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/2072/Nec/75
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELlGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED"
form for Minor Transportarion Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic ,4greement.
8of13
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f�� ,,.

Project Tracking No.:
15-02-0012
Figure 6. View of Northwestern Quadrant of APE, facing Northwest.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELlGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED"
form for Minor Transportarion Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic ,4greement.
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Figure 5. 1962 Brunswick County Road Map
http: //dc. lib. unc. edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/ncmaps/id/6491 /rec/84

Project Tracking No.:
15-02-0012
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELlGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED"
form for Minor Transportarion Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic ,4greement.
10 of 13
Figure 7. View of Northwestern Quadrant of APE, facing Southeast.
Figure 8. View of Northwestern Quadrant of APE, facing Northwest from ST2.

Project Tracking No.:
15-02-0012
Fi ure 9. View of Southwestern Quadrant of APE, facin Northwest.
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Figure 10. View of Northeastern Quadrant of APE, facing East.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELlGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED"
form for Minor Transportarion Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic ,4greement.
11 of 13

Project Tracking No.:
15-02-0012
ure 11. View of Northwestern Qu�
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"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELlGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED"
form for Minor Transportarion Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic ,4greement.
12 of 13

Project Tracking No.:
15-02-0012
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELlGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED"
form for Minor Transportarion Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic ,4greement.
13 of 13
Figurc 14. Vicw of Bridgc No. 47, facing Northwest.