20060073 Ver 1_COMPLETE FILE_20060110

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February 2, 2006
Alan W. Klimek, P.E. Director
Division of Water Quality
DWQ Project # 06-0073
Caldwell County
Marisue Hilliard, Forest Supervisor
National Forests in North Carolina
Post Office Box 2750
Asheville, NC 28802-2750
Subject Property: Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (VWG16)
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FEB 1 0 2006
DENR - WATER QUALITY
ft-n ND3 AND STORMINATER BRANCH
Approval of 401 Water Quality Certification with Additional Conditions
Dear Mr. Hilliard:
You have our approval, in accordance with the attached conditions and those listed
below, to place fill within or otherwise impact 85 linear feet of streams for the purpose of
large woody debris placement at the subject property, as described within your
application received by the N.C. Division of Water Quality (DWQ) on January 10, 2006.
After reviewing your application, we have decided these impacts are covered by
General Water Quality Certification Number(s) 3495 (GC3495). The Certification(s)
allows you to use Nationwide Permit(s) 13 / 27 when issued by the US Army Corps of
Engineers (USACE). In addition, you should obtain or otherwise comply with any other
required federal, state or local permits before you go ahead with your project including
(but not limited to) Erosion and Sediment Control, Non-discharge, and stormwater
regulations. Also, this approval to proceed with your proposed impacts or to
conduct impacts to waters as depicted in your application shall expire upon
expiration of the 404 or CAMA Permit.
This approval is for the purpose that you described in your application. If you change
your project beyond this approval, you must notify us and you may be required to send
us a new application. If the property is sold, the new owner must be given a copy of this
Certification and approval letter and is thereby responsible for complying with all
conditions. If total fills for this project (now or in the future) exceed one acre of wetland
or 150 linear feet of stream, compensatory mitigation may be required as described in
15A NCAC 2H .0506 (h). This approval requires you to follow the conditions listed in
the attached certification and any additional conditions listed below.
The Additional Conditions of the Certification are:
401 Wetlands Certification Unit
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard, Suite 250, Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone] / FAX [phone] / Internet: http://l12o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetiands
Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
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An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer- 50% Recycled/10% Post Consumer Paper
Frankunl Creek Channel Stabilization
Page 2 of 6
February 2, 2006
1. Impacts Approved
The following impacts are hereby approved as long as all of the other specific
and general conditions of this Certification (or Isolated Wetland Permit) are met.
No other impacts are approved including incidental impacts:
Amount
Approved Units Plan Location or Reference
Stream 85 feet Frankum Creek
2. Erosion & Sediment Control Practices
Erosion and sediment control practices must be in full compliance with all
specifications. governing the proper design, installation and operation and
maintenance of such Best Management Practices in order to protect surface
waters standards:
a. The erosion and sediment control measures for the project must be
designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the most
recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control Planning
and Design Manual.
b. The design, installation, operation, and maintenance of the sediment and
erosion control measures must be such that they equal, or exceed, the
requirements specified in the most recent version of the North Carolina
Sediment and Erosion Control Manual. The devices shall be maintained on
all construction sites, borrow sites, and waste pile (spoil) projects, including
contractor-owned or leased borrow pits associated with the project.
c. For borrow pit sites, the erosion and sediment control measures must be
designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the most
recent version of the North Carolina Surface Mining Manual.
d. The reclamation measures and implementation must comply with the
reclamation in accordance with the requirements of the Sedimentation
Pollution Control Act.
3. No Waste, Spoil, Solids, or Fill of Any Kind
No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian
areas beyond the footprint of the impacts depicted in the Pre-Construction
Notification. All construction activities, including the design, installation, operation,
and maintenance of sediment and erosion control Best Management Practices,
shall be performed so that no violations of state water quality standards, statutes,
or rules occur.
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization
Page 3 of 6
February 2, 2006
4. No Sediment & Erosion Control Measures w/n Wetlands or Waters
Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or waters
to the maximum extent practicable. If placement of sediment and erosion control
devices in wetlands and waters is unavoidable, they shall be removed and the
natural grade restored within six months of the date that the Division of Land
Resources has released the project.
5. Certificate of Completion
Upon completion of all work approved within the 401 Water Quality Certification
or applicable Buffer Rules, and any subsequent modifications, the applicant is
required to return the attached certificate of completion to the 401/Wetlands Unit,
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC,
27699-1650.
6. Construction in this creek and disturbance within a 25-foot trout buffer should be
avoided during the October 15 to April 15 trout spawning period to avoid adverse
effects of sediment on eggs and larvae. However, Wildlife Resources Commission
will not object to construction of "emergency" sites during the spawning period
provided these projects are, to the extent appropriate and practical, constructed by:
(1) using flow diversion structures such as sand bags, (2) placing large-sized
rock toes and filter cloth backing for stabilization sites before backfilling, and
(3) excavating new channel alignments in dry areas. Construction at the other non-
"emergency" sites should not occur during the spawning period to minimize the
potential adverse effects of multiple construction activities on trout resources in this
creek.
7. Sediment and erosion control measures must be implemented prior to construction
and maintained on the sites to minimize sediment in downstream areas. Seeding for
a temporary cover of wheat, millet, or similar annual grain or permanent herbaceous
cover should occur on all bare soil within five (5) days of ground disturbing activities
to provide long-term erosion control. The projects should be accomplished in stages
instead of leaving large tracts exposed to further storm events. Erosion control
matting should be used in conjunction with appropriate seeding on disturbed soils in
steep slope and riparian areas. Matting should be secured in place with staples,
stakes, or, wherever possible, live stakes of native trees. Straw mulch and tall
fescue should not be used in riparian areas. In addition, because of an anticipated
difficulty in establishing ground cover during the winter, reseeding should be
conducted, as necessary, in the spring-time with a native annual and perennial seed
mix with a temporary nursery crop of wheat, millet or other grain.
Frankurn Creek Channel Stabilization
Page 4 of 6
February 2, 2006
8. Only clean, large, angular rock, large woody material, or other natural stream design
materials and techniques should be used for bank stabilization. Rock should not be
placed in the stream channel in a manner that constricts stream flow or that will
impede aquatic life movements during low flow conditions. Filter cloth should be
placed behind large rock that is used for bank stabilization. Properly designed rock
vanes should be constructed wherever appropriate on bank stabilization and
channel realignment stream reaches to improve channel stability and to improve
aquatic habitat. Root wads should be installed low enough in the bank so that a
significant portion (at least one-third) the root wad is inundated during normal flows.
Should large, angular rock, large woody material, or other natural stream design
materials and techniques not be sufficient for long term stability of the stream and
adjacent roadway, and concrete be incorporated into the design, measures which
would prevent surface waters from coming into contact with live concrete.
9. The channel should be restored to a more stable condition. However, under no
circumstances should river rock, sand or other materials be dredged from the
stream channel under authorization of this permit except, if necessary, in the
immediate vicinity of the eroding banks for the explicit purpose of anchoring
stabilizing or flow/grade control structures or for reestablishing the natural and more
stable stream channel dimensions. Stream bed materials are unstable in flowing-
water situations and are unsuitable for bank stabilization. In stream dredging has
catastrophic effects on aquatic life and disturbance of the natural form of the stream
channel can cause downstream erosion problems. The natural dimension, pattern,
and profile of the stream upstream and downstream of the permitted area should not
be modified by widening the stream channel or changing its depth. No backfilling
of stream bed materials is allowed under this authorization.
10. Stabilization measures should only be applied on or near existing erosion sites,
leaving other stable stream bank areas in a natural condition. Grading and
backfilling should be minimized and tree and shrub growth should be retained where
possible to ensure long term availability of stream bank cover for aquatic life and
wildlife. Backfill materials should be obtained from upland sites except in cases
where excess stream bed materials are available. Berms should not be permitted
because they block the floodplain, constrict and accelerate flood flows, and often fail
and sometimes impede drainage during large flood events.
11. Repairs to eroded banks should be conducted in a dry work area. Sandbags or
other clean diversion structures should be used to minimize excavation in flowing
water. Channel realignments should be constructed by excavating the new channel
from downstream to upstream before connecting it to the old channel.
12. Heavy equipment should be operated from the bank whenever possible. All
mechanized equipment operated near surface waters should be inspected and
maintained regularly to prevent contamination of stream waters from fuels,
lubricants, hydraulic fluids or other toxic materials. Equipment used in stream
channel must be clean, new or low hour equipment. Exposure of equipment to
surface waters must be minimized to the maximum extent possible.
13. Disturbed stream banks and a 30-foot vegetated zone (as required under the HQW
regulations), or the widest width that is practical under the site conditions, must be
restored along the construction sites to natural riparian conditions with native trees
and shrubs (e.g., silky dogwood, rhododendron, dog hobble, red maple, silky willow,
tag alder, black willow, sycamore) to provide long-term bank stability and stream
shading. Note, silky dogwood, silky willow and black willow can be planted as live
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization
Page 5 of 6
February 2, 2006
stakes collected during the dormant growing season. Cuttings should be randomly
planted on four (4) foot centers from the waters edge to the top of the bank. Trees
should be planted on ten (10) to twelve (12) foot centers. Stream banks in these
areas should also be seeded with a native annual and perennial seed mix with a
temporary nursery crop of wheat, millet or other grain.
14. If pasture along the stream is to be used for grazing, a fence must be constructed
outside of the riparian zone and the stream to prevent livestock from entering these
areas.
15. Diffuse Flow
All constructed stormwater conveyance outlets shall be directed and maintained
as diffuse flow at non-erosive velocities through the protected riparian zones
such that it will not re-concentrate before discharging into a stream. If this is not
possible, it may be necessary to provide stormwater facilities that are considered
to remove nitrogen. This may require additional approval from this Office.
16. Riparian Zone Replanting
Replanting of vegetation within disturbed areas located within 30 feet of the
streambank associated with any land disturbing activity, repair, replacement
and/or maintenance must be done in a manner consistent with the Guidelines
for Riparian Buffer Restoration immediately following construction. (Please
see attached.)
17. Turbidity Standard
The turbidity standard of 10 NTUs (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) shall not be
exceeded as described in 15 A NCAC 2B. .0200. Appropriate sediment and
erosion control practices must be used to meet this standard.
18. No Sediment and Erosion Control Measures in Wetlands
Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or waters
to the maximum extent practicable. If placement of sediment and erosion control
devices in wetlands and waters is unavoidable, they shall be removed and the
natural grade restored within six months of the date that the Division of Land
Resources or locally delegated program has released the project.
Violations of any condition herein set forth may result in revocation of this Certification
and may result in criminal and/or civil penalties. The authorization to proceed with your
proposed impacts or to conduct impacts to waters as depicted in your application and
as authorized by this Certification, shall expire upon expiration of the 404 or CAMA
Permit.
If you do not accept any of the conditions of this Certification (associated with the
approved wetland or stream impacts), you may ask for an adjudicatory hearing. You
must act within 60 days of the date that you receive this letter. To ask for a hearing,
send a written petition, which conforms to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes to the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh,
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization
Page 6 of 6
February 2, 2006
N.C. 27699-6714. This certification and its conditions are final and binding unless you
ask for a hearing.
This letter completes the review of the Division of Water Quality under Section 401 of
the Clean Water Act. If you have any questions, please telephone Cyndi Karoly in the
Central Office in Raleigh at 919-733-9721 or Mr. Kevin Barnett in the DWQ Asheville
Regional Office at 828-296-4657.
Sincerely,
Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
AW K/khb
Enclosures: GC 3376
Certificate of Completion
Guidelines for Riparian Buffer Restoration
cc: Brady N. Dodd,
US Forest Service
Post Office Box 2750
Asheville, NC 28802-2750
USACE Asheville Regulatory Field Office
DWQ 401 Central Office
DLR Asheville Regional Office
David McHenry, NC Wildlife Resources Commission
File Copy
Central Files
Filename: 06-0073.USFS.Fran kumCreekChannelStabilization.Approval
17 S
'l North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission f
Richard B. Hamilton, Executive Director
MEMORANDUM
TO: Steve Chapin, Permit Coordinator
Asheville Office, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers p nn ?fj 03 Pr
FROM: Ron Linville, Regional Coordinator I
Habitat Conservation Program JAN 1 8 .OG6
DATE: January 10, 2006 WETLANDS pJJn SiORMWATER BRANCH
SUBJECT: US Forest Service (USFS), Frankum Creek Stabilization, Caldwell County
The USFS is requesting a letter of concurrence from the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission (NCWRC) to obtain a 404 permit from the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. The
NCWRC has reviewed information provided by the applicant, and field biologists on our staff
are familiar with habitat values of the project area. These comments are provided in accordance
with provisions of the Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. 466 et. seq.) and the Fish and
Wildlife Coordination Act (48 Stat. 401, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 661-667d).
The project is to stabilize 50' of Frankum Creek using large Woody Debris (LWD) and
installation of large boulders to dissipate stream energy and capture sediment. Current
conditions are unstable and bare soils are indicated so these stabilization activities should
improve water quality and improve aquatic habitats. Some rainbow and brown trout are known
for this area.
Based on the information provided by the applicant and our knowledge on the range of trout in
the project area, we do not believe this project will cause significant effects to waters supporting
trout. Therefore, we will not object to the project as proposed providing the activities are
expeditiously done with minimal stream disturbance or without undue delay once the project
begins, The area of disturbance should be minimized to the extent practicable.
Thank you for the opportunity to review and comment on this project. If you have any questions
regarding these comments, please contact me at 336/769-9453.
Ec: Kevin Barnett, DWQ-ARO
Mailing Address: Division of Inland Fisheries • 1721 Mail Service Center • Raleigh, NC 27699-1721
Telephone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
Triage Check List
Date: 1/12/06 Project Name: Frankum Stream Stabilization-USFS
DWQ #:06-0073
County: Caldwell
Kevin Barnett, Asheville Regional Office
To:
60-day Processing Time: 1/10/06 to 3/11/06
k
From: Cyndi Karoly Telephone: [phone]
The file attached is being forwarded to you for your evaluation.
Please call if you need assistance.
? Stream length impacted
? Stream determination
Wetland determination and distance to blue-line surface waters on USFW topo maps
? Minimization/avoidance issues
? Buffer Rules (Meuse, Tar-Pamlico, Catawba, Randleman)
? Pond fill
Mitigation Ratios
? Ditching
? Are the stream and or wetland mitigation sites available and viable?
? Check drawings for accuracy
? Is the application consistent with pre-application meetings?
? Cumulative impact concern
Comments: As per our discussion regarding revision of the triage and delegation processes,
please review the attached file. Note that you are the first reviewer, so this file will need to be
reviewed for administrative as well as technical details. If you elect to place this project on hold,
please ask the applicant to provide your requested information to both the Central Office in
Raleigh as well as the Asheville Regional Office. As we discussed, this is an experimental, interim
procedure as we slowly transition to electronic applications. Please apprise me of any
complications you encounter, whether related to workload, processing times, or lack of a "second
reviewer" as the triage process in Central had previously provided. Also, if you think of ways to
improve this process, especially so that we can plan for the electronic applications, let me know.
Thanks!

?• United States Forest National Forests in 160A Zillicoa Street
Department of Service North Carolina P.O. Box 2750
Agriculture Asheville, NC 28802
File Code: 2530-3
2 o 0 6 0 0 7 3 Date: January 5, 2006
Cyndi Karoly
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
401/Wetlands Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC
27699-1650
Dear Ms Cyndi Karoly:
L"J
JAN 1 0 2006
UENK - WATkR Q
uAUTY
WETLANDS AND STORMpyArER BRANCH
This letter is to request Section 401 Water Quality Certification from the North Carolina
Division of Water Quality for U.S. Forest Service project: Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization
VWG16 . Located on the Pisgah National Forest in Caldwell County, North Carolina, this
project is situated on Frankum Creek, a tributary to Mulberry Creek of the Catawba River Basin.
Two sites within 0.3 miles of each other have been proposed for stabilization as a result of the
2004 storms. Site 1 on Frankum Creek has 50 feet of unstable stream bank that are bare and
susceptible to erosion. Ten feet of the stream bank have already sloughed into the channel. Site
2 is where high flows created a side-channel in Frankum Creek, 150 feet upstream of its
confluence with Georges Creek. A headcut in the side-channel threatens the physical integrity of
Frankum Creek. This project proposes the following:
Site 1:
Place large woody debris (>10"DBH) with attached root wads in the channel to protect the right
downstream bank; improve the physical integrity of the channel; and to enhance aquatic habitat.
Site 2:
Stabilize the headcut through the placement of boulders and cobble in the headcut.
Place large woody debris in Frankum Creek at the inlet of the side-channel to dissipate
energy and capture sediment.
Approximately 85 linear feet of stream channel disturbance is expected from the project.
A 404 Nationwide Permit #27 has been requested from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for
this project, and a copy of this application has been sent to Mr. Ron Linville of the NC Wildlife
Resources Commission.
Enclosed are the following materials:
• 5 copies of the PCN application for Section 404 permit.
5 copies of the vicinity map and site plans for the project.
A check made payable to the Division of Water Quality for $200.00.
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Caring for the Land and Serving People Printed on Recycled Paper%$
If you require any additional information, please contact me at 828-257-4214.
Sincerely,
Voku
Brady N. Dodd
NFsNC Hydrologist
cc: NC Storm Recovery Team

Office Use Only: Form Version May 2002
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No. 2 0 0 6 0® 7 3
(If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A".)
I.
Processing
1. Check all of the approval(s) requested for this project.
N Section 404 Permit ?
? Section 10 Permit ?
N 401 Water Quality Certification
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: Nationwide #27
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: ?
4. If payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposed for
mitigation of impacts (verify availability with NCWRP prior to submittal of PCN), complete
section VIII and check here: ?
5. If your project is located in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on page
4), and the project is within a North Carolina Division of Coastal Management Area of
Environmental Concern (see the top of page 2 for further details), check here: ?
r?
Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
Isolated Wetland Permit from DWQ
II. Applicant Information tom @[9 v D
1. Owner/Applicant Information JAN 1 0 2006
Name: Marisue Hilliard (Forest Supervisor)
Mailing Address: U.S. Forest Service ,=AEeR?ir "r-?wA??+ricM
National Forests in North Carolina
P.O. Box 2750
Asheville NC 28802-2750
Telephone Number: 828-257-4200 Fax Number: 828-257-4263
E-mail Address:
2. Agent/Consultant Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter
must be attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: Brady N. Dodd (Forest Hydrologist)
Company Affiliation:
Mailing Address: U.S. Forest Service
National Forests in North Carolina
P.O. Box 2750
Asheville NC 28802-2750
Telephone Number: 828-257-4214 Fax Number: 828-257-4263
E-mail Address: bdodd(a,fs.fed.us

III. Project Information
Attach a vicinity map clearly showing the location of the property with respect to local
landmarks such as towns, rivers, and roads. Also provide a detailed site plan showing property
boundaries and development plans in relation to surrounding properties. Both the vicinity map
and site plan must include a scale and north arrow. The specific footprints of all buildings,
impervious surfaces, or other facilities must be included. If possible, the maps and plans should
include the appropriate USGS Topographic Quad Map and NRCS Soil Survey with the property
boundaries outlined. Plan drawings, or other maps may be included at the applicant's discretion,
so long as the property is clearly defined. For administrative and distribution purposes, the
USACE requires information to be submitted on sheets no larger than 11 by 17-inch format;
however, DWQ may accept paperwork of any size. DWQ prefers full-size construction
drawings rather than a sequential sheet version of the full-size plans. If full-size plans are
reduced to a small scale such that the final version is illegible, the applicant will be informed that
the project has been placed on hold until decipherable maps are provided.
1. Name of project: Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (VWG16)
2. T.I.P. Project Number or State Project Number (NCDOT Only): N/A
3. Property Identification Number (Tax PIN): N/A
4. Location
County: Caldwell Nearest Town: Collettesville, NC
Subdivision name (include phase/lot number): N/A
Directions to site (include road numbers, landmarks, etc.):
Take exit 100 from Interstate 40. Drive north until you reach State Route 181, located at a
busy intersection with a strip mall and several fast food restaurants. Turn left, north on State
Route 181 and continue for 11 miles. You will see a white church on the right side of the
road; take a right on Brown Mountain Beach Road. Continue on Brown Mountain Beach
Road for 8 miles until you reach Collettesville. At the intersection turn left onto State Route
90. Continue on State Route 90 for 9 miles until you reach Globe Mountain Road. Turn
right and drive approximately 2 miles. Take the first left hand turn past Globe Mountain
Gap. This is Forest Service Road 188, which is unmarked and has a locked gate. Cotinue
another about 0.5 miles to the Georges Creek crossing. Site 2 is located about 150 feet
upstream on Frankum Creek.
5. Site coordinates, if available (UTM or Lat/Long): N/A Site 1: 36° 02' 02 N and 81° 39'
23" W Site 2: 36° V58" N 81° 39'21" W
(Note - If project is linear, such as a road or utility line, attach a sheet that separately lists the
coordinates for each crossing of a distinct waterbody.)
6. Property size (acres): Grandfather Ranger District (402,560 acres)
7. Nearest body of water (stream/river/sound/ocean/lake): Frankum Creek
8. River Basin: Catawba
(Note - this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/admin/maps/.)
9. Describe the existing conditions on the site and general land use in the vicinity of the project
at the time of this application:-
Site 1: This site lies 60 feet east of FSR 188 and is on a sharp meander bend. Storms from
2004 and possibly road drainage from FSR 188 resulted in fifty-feet of the channel at the
meander to become bare and susceptible to erosion. Approximately 10 feet of stream bank
has already sloughed in. West of the meander is a cross-drain with a settling pond and
defined swale. There may be some ground water interaction between the road and the
channel that is contributing to the instability of the channel at site 1.
Site 2: During the 2004 storms, a new channel on Frankum Creek was created 150 feet
upstream of the confluence of Frankum and Georges Creek. This new channel re-connects
with Georges Creek, upstream of the pre-storm confluence of the two streams. The new
stream bed cut to bedrock and the bed of the main channel is mostly alluvium (sand and
cobble). A headcut 3.0 feet in height and 1 foot wide with a scour pool has developed.
Roots in the banks at the top of the headcut are keeping this headcut stable and preventing it
from migrating upstream to the main channel of Frankum Creek. The difference in bed
elevation between the two channels is 3.0 feet. If the headcut becomes unstable, it would
migrate upstream until it reached a bedrock control. Bedrock was not found for at least a
distance of 200 feet upstream of the headcut.
10. Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used:-
Site 1: Place large woody debris 00"DBH) with attached root wads in the channel to re-
direct flow away from the bare and erodible right downstream bank.
Site 2: Place large rocks in the overflow channel to stabilize the headcut. Place large woody
debris in Frankum Creek at the inlet of the side-channel to dissipate energy and capture
sediment.
11. Explain the purpose of the proposed work:_
Site 1: Re-direct runoff away from the raw and erodible stream bank. Improve aquatic
habiatat and the physical integrity of Frankum Creek.
Site 2: Protect Frankum Creek from capture by the side-channel. Maintain channel integrity
and reduce headcutting.
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action ID Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and

certifications were issued or withdrawn. Provide photocopies of previously issued permits,
certifications or other useful information. Describe previously approved wetland, stream and
buffer impacts, along with associated mitigation (where applicable). If this is a NCDOT project,
list and describe permits issued for prior segments of the same T.I.P. project, along with
construction schedules.
V. Future Project Plans
Are any future permit requests anticipated for this project? If so, describe the anticipated work,
and provide justification for the exclusion of this work from the current application.
N/A
VI. Proposed Impacts to Waters of the United States/Waters of the State
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
wetlands, open water, and stream channels associated with the project. The applicant must also
provide justification for these impacts in Section VII below. All proposed impacts, permanent
and temporary, must be listed herein, and must be clearly identifiable on an accompanying site
plan. All wetlands and waters, and all streams (intermittent and perennial) must be shown on a
delineation map, whether or not impacts are proposed to these systems. Wetland and stream
evaluation and delineation forms should be included as appropriate. Photographs may be
included at the applicant's discretion. If this proposed impact is strictly for wetland or stream
mitigation, list and describe the impact in Section VIII below. If additional space is needed for
listing or description, please attach a separate sheet.
1. Provide a written description of the proposed impacts:
Site 1: A tracked excavator will be operated to place large woody debris in the channel. The
operation of heavy equipment will displace soils, increasing potential erosion. Some sediment
will likely reach the channel, temporarily increasing turbidity near the project site until
temporary erosion measures and/or riparian vegetation takes hold. The short-term increase in
sediment from the project activities will be insignificant in relation to the erosion of the bare
stream banks during high flows. Once riparian vegetation and woody debris takes hold
streambanks should stabilize, thereby reducing streambank erosion and sedimentation of the
affected streams.
Site 2: Work on the headcut will be done in the channel. There will be some disturbance to the
stream bed and stream bank during the placement of cobble and boulder size rock at the headcut.
Impacts to Frankum Creek include a temporary increase in turbidity near the site throughout the
duration of this activity. A tracked excavator will be operated to place large woody debris in the
channel. The operation of heavy equipment will displace soils, increasing potential erosion.
Some sediment will likely reach the channel, temporarily increasing turbidity near the project

site, until temporary erosion measures and/or riparian vegetation take hold. The short-term
increase in sediment from the project activities will be worth these activities. If this work is not
done, the stream could headcut and downcut, delivering large volumes of sediment downstream
to Frankum Creek and Mulberry Creek.
2. Individually list wetland impacts below: N/A
Wetland Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Located within
100-year Floodplain**
(yes/no Distance to
Nearest Stream
(linear feet)
Type of Wetland***

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: mechanized clearing, grading, fill,
excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams, separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
** 100-Year floodplains are identified through the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM), or FEMA-approved local floodplain maps. Maps are available through the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616, or
online at http://www.fema.,?,yov.
*** List a wetland type that best describes wetland to be impacted (e.g., freshwater/saltwater marsh, forested wetland, beaver pond,
Carolina Bay, bog, etc.) Indicate if wetland is isolated (determination of isolation to be made by USACE only).
List the total acreage (estimated) of all existing wetlands on the property: N/A
Total area of wetland impact proposed: N/A
3. Individually list all intermittent and perennial stream impacts below:
Stream Impact Length of Average Width Perennial or
Site Number Type of Impact* Impact Stream Name** of Stream Intermittent?
(indicate on map) (linear feet Before Impact (please specify)

Placement of
Site 1 large woody 50 Frankum Creek 16 Perennial
debris
Placement of
Site 2 large woody 20 Frankum Creek 17 Perennial
debris
Site 2 Headcut
Stabilization 15 Frankum Creek side-
channel 5 Perennial

r
List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: culverts and associated rip-rap, dams
(separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding), relocation (include linear feet before and after, and net loss/gain),
stabilization activities (cement wall, rip-rap, crib wall, gabions, etc.), excavation, ditching/straightening, etc. If stream relocation is
proposed, plans and profiles showing the linear footprint for both the original and relocated streams must be included.
** Stream names can be found on USGS topographic maps. If a stream has no name, list as UT (unnamed tributary) to the nearest
downstream named stream into which it flows. USGS maps are available through the USGS at 1-800-358-9616, or online at
www.usgs.gov. Several internet sites also allow direct download and printing of USGS maps (e.g., www.topozone.com,
www.mapquest.com, etc.).
Cumulative impacts (linear distance in feet) to all streams on site: 85
4. Individually list all open water impacts (including lakes, ponds, estuaries, sounds, Atlantic
Ocean and any other water of the U.S.) below:
Open Water Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Name of Waterbody
(if applicable) Type of Waterbody
(lake, pond, estuary, sound,
bay, ocean, etc.)

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: fill, excavation, dredging,
flooding, drainage, bulkheads, etc.
5. Pond Creation N/A
If construction of a pond is proposed, associated wetland and stream impacts should be
included above in the wetland and stream impact sections. Also, the proposed pond should
be described here and illustrated on any maps included with this application.
Pond to be created in (check all that apply): ? uplands ? stream ? wetlands
Describe the method of construction (e.g., dam/embankment, excavation, installation of
draw-down valve or spillway, etc.):
Proposed use or purpose of pond (e.g., livestock watering, irrigation, aesthetic, trout pond,
local stormwater requirement, etc.):
Size of watershed draining to pond: Expected pond surface area:
VII. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Specifically describe measures taken to avoid the proposed impacts. It may be useful to provide
information related to site constraints such as topography, building ordinances, accessibility, and
financial viability of the project. The applicant may attach drawings of alternative, lower-impact
site layouts, and explain why these design options were not feasible. Also discuss how impacts
were minimized once the desired site plan was developed. If applicable, discuss construction
techniques to be followed during construction to reduce impacts.
Work would occur outside the spawning period of October thru April to address potential
fisheries impacts. Work would not be conducted on rainy days or during periods of high flow to
minimize potential sedimentation. Work would be conducted in stages so as to minimize the
timing, degree, and extent of disturbance at one time. Heavy equipment would not work on
over-hanging stream banks and will operate on upland slopes less than 15%.
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on March 9, 2000, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCWRP concurrence shall be placed on hold as
incomplete. An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration
in DWQ's Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands/strin,gide.htnil.
1. Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.
N/A
2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration
Program (NCWRP). Please note it is the applicant's responsibility to contact the NCWRP at
[phone] to determine availability and to request written approval of mitigation prior
to submittal of a PCN. For additional information regarding the application process for the
NCWRP, check the NCWRP website at hq://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/wrp/index.htm. If use of
the NCWRP is proposed, please check the appropriate box on page three and provide the
following information:
Amount of stream mitigation requested (linear feet): N/A
Amount of buffer mitigation requested (square feet): N/A
Amount of Riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres): N/A
Amount of Non-riparian wetland mitigation requested (acres): N/A
Amount of Coastal wetland mitigation requested (acres): N/A
IX. Environmental Documentation (required by DWQ)
Does the project involve an expenditure of public (federal/state) funds or the use of public
(federal/state) land?
Yes ® No ?
If yes, does the project require preparation of an environmental document pursuant to the
requirements of the National or North Carolina Environmental Policy Act (NEPA/SEPA)?
Note: If you are not sure whether a NEPA/SEPA document is required, call the SEPA
coordinator at [phone] to review current thresholds for environmental documentation.
Yes ® No ?
If yes, has the document review been finalized by the State Clearinghouse? If so, please attach a
copy of the NEPA or SEPA final approval letter.
. Yes El No
X. Proposed Impacts on Riparian and Watershed Buffers (required by DWQ)
It is the applicant's (or agent's) responsibility to determine, delineate and map all impacts to
required state and local buffers associated with the project. The applicant must also provide
justification for these impacts in Section VII above. All proposed impacts must be listed herein,
and must be clearly identifiable on the accompanying site plan. All buffers must be shown on a
map, whether or not impacts are proposed to the buffers. Correspondence from the DWQ
Regional Office may be included as appropriate. Photographs may also be included at the
applicant's discretion.
Will the project impact protected riparian buffers identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0233
(Meuse), 15A NCAC 2B .0259 (Tar-Pamlico), 15A NCAC 2B .0250 (Randleman Rules and
Water Supply Buffer Requirements), or other (please identify )?
Yes ? No ® If you answered "yes", provide the following information:
Identify the square feet and acreage of impact to each zone of the riparian buffers. If buffer
mitigation is required calculate the required amount of mitigation by applying the buffer
multipliers.
s
;Z00 6
Applicant/Agent's Signature ' Date
(Agent's signature is valid only if an authorization letter from the applicant is provided.)
10
Zone* Impact
(square feet) Multiplier Required
Mitigation
1 3
2 1.5
Total
Gone 1 extends out 30 teet perpendicular fr om near bank of channel; Zone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e., Donation
of Property, Conservation Easement, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, Preservation or
Payment into the Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as
identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0242 or. 0260.
N/A
XI. Stormwater (required by DWQ)
Describe impervious acreage (both existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site.
Discuss stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands
downstream from the property.
N/A
XII. Sewage Disposal (required by DWQ)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
N/A
XIII. Violations (required by DWQ)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H.0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No
Is this an after-the-fact permit application?
Yes ? No
XIV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).
9
?
? ?..Q United States Forest National Forests in
=. IV United States Forest National Forests in
Department of Service North Carolina
Agriculture
160A Zillicoa Street
P.O. Box 2750
Asheville, NC 28802
828-257-4200
File Code: 1230
Route To: (2500)
Subject: Delegation of Authority
To: Brady Dodd
Date: October 12, 2005
You are hereby delegated the authority to act as my agent for all phases of the application
process for permits required by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, for watershed restoration
and improvement projects such as aquatic habitat restoration and enhancement, habitat
restoration, channel stabilization, and channel relocation on the National Forests in North
Carolina. You are authorized to make formal application for all permits to the US Army Corps
of Engineers and the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, provide all necessary
information, and sign all correspondence.
Include this letter as part of all application for Section 404 permits to the US Army Corps of
Engineers, and Section 401 Water Quality Certification to the North Carolina Division of Water
Quality.
i
MARISUE HILLIARD
Forest Supervisor
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WA
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (VWG16)
Site Plan
Brady Dodd, Hydrologist, National Forest in NC
Andrew Breibart, Hydrologist, Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit
January 5, 2006
Background
Frankum Creek is a third order perennial stream upstream of its confluence with Georges
Creek and within the project area. Between the junctions with State Route (SR) 1368 and
Forest Service Road (FSR) 4111, FSR 188 parallels Frankum Creek. The Forest Service's
Engineering Department has plans to improve the FSR 188 road; such improvements should
reduce sedimentation to Frankum Creek. Old route FSR 188 continues as a closed roadbed
north of the intersection with FSR 4111 and parallels the creek. Storms from 2004 caused
disturbance to two sites on Frankum Creek in the reach above the Georges Creek confluence
(Figure 1).
Vicinity Map
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (VWG16)
4U714U4 vermn wppimation
`#r s Z7 }' ;'y { 4r c
x
_fA ?? j, rt r `? s
a t_ ? n +
C C.Ce C.+ ]i C3 C-IA
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'* L.1 ? y ttt 7 _?
Site 2 1
lam. { ! 4 t
t yr yr n??M.e
emo mawg"HC o
.. ..4=XIIM t7lFX2S CaMwel. l9C Figure 1. Vicinity map of the Frankum Creek channel stabilization projects.

1
IF
Site I
This .site lies 60 feet east of FSR 188 and is on a sharp meander bend (Figure 2). Storms
from 2004 and possibly road drainage from FSR 188 resulted in 50 feet of channel at the
meander to become bare and susceptible to erosion. Approximately 10 feet of stream bank
has already sloughed into the channel (Figure 3). West of the meander is a cross-drain with a
settling pond and defined swale. There may be some ground water interaction between the
road and the channel that is contributing to the instability of the channel at Site 1.
Stable channel. Channel
E ' ! width is 12 feet
50 feet of bank erosion. 10
feetof bank has sloughed in.
Channel vocli h is 16 feet
Stable channel. Channel
width is 8 feet
Standing tree
N
LL
Settling
pond
D Sa,alefr •m rbss drain is 60 feetiong
Storm Recowery -Watershed Imprauement
Frankum Creek Chamel Stabilization (VWG16)
"' • Site 1- Current Condition
s 1ti
,fi T 1
North
.`' dbh=8 inches
?? 1w
t
dbh=8to 10 inches
Drawing not to
scale
Figure 2. Plan view of Site I on Frankum Creek, current condition.
2
I
i
Storm Recovery-Watershed Improvement
a Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (VWG16)
Site 2 - Current Condition
d
3
North
4
S
00
D:
LL
Main channel
a?
C _
L ?
U w
a floodplain
[o
144 feet
Headcut
Scour pool Drawing not to
scale
Figure 4. Plan view of Site 2 on Frankunt Creek, current condition.
Figure 5. Photo of Headcut at Site 2 on Frankum Creek (11130105).
4

Figure 3. Photo of the sloughed bank at Site I of Frankum Creek (11130/05), current
condition.
Site 2
During the 2004 storms, a new channel on Frankum Creek was created 150 feet upstream of
the confluence of Frankum and Georges Creeks. This new channel re-connects with Georges
Creek, upstream of the confluence of the two streams. The new streambed cut to bedrock
while the bed of the main channel is mostly alluvium (sand and cobble). A headcut 3.0 feet
in height and 1 foot wide with a scour pool has developed. Roots in the banks at the top of
the headcut are keeping this headcut stable and preventing it from migrating upstream to the
main channel of Frankum Creek. The difference in bed elevation between the two channels
is 3.0 feet. If the headcut becomes unstable, it would migrate upstream until it reached a
bedrock control. Bedrock was not found for at least a distance of 200 feet upstream of the
headcut.
Storm Recovery -Watershed Improvement
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (NW6'16)
Site 1- Current Condition Photo
Planned Work
Site 1
Four pieces of large woody debris (LWD) with attached root wads would be placed against
the right downstream bank to reduce flow velocities and to protect the bank from erosion.
LWD will provide aquatic habitat and help restore the physical integrity of Frankum Creek at
this site (Figure 6). Additionally, 50 feet of the right streambank would be planting with
riparian type vegetation, such as doghobble, dogwood, and rhododendron.
i•_•i I
/ "., )
4
N
LL
settling
pored
Storm Recovery -Watershed Improvement
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (YWG16)
Stable channel. Channel ?•+

Width is 12 feel •
I
Site 1 -Typical of Woody Debris placement

50 feet of bank erosion. 10 '? +
feet of bank has sloughed in.
Channel width is 16 feet 4 p
North
Stable channel. Channel "
Width is 8 feet

F dbh=8 inches
Standing tree

s
Swale from cross dra in is 60 feet long A.
dbh=8to 10 inches
Woody debris complex h
of four trees (WI rootwads}
Drawing not to
scale
Figure 6. Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization at Site L Access to the site would be
from FSR 188. LWD would be placed in the meander bend and the bank planted
Work at this site would require tracked excavator access to the right bank of Frankum Creek
from FSR 188, making about a 60-foot long by 10-foot wide path of disturbance. No trails
would be constructed, but several small trees (DBH <6") may have to be removed to create
the path. Travel to the site would likely remove some ground cover exposing bare soil. All
bare soil would be covered by mulch at the end of each workday, and seeded at the end of the
project.
5
Site 2
Two pieces of large woody debris (LWD) with attached root wads would be placed in the
meander bend at the side-channel inlet to reduce flow to the side-channel. Also, cobble and
small boulder size rock (3"-12" range in average size) would be placed at the base of the
headcut at a 2:1 slope, e.g. a height of 3 feet and a length of 6 feet (Figure 7).
Storm Recovery -Watershed Improvement
Frankum Creek Channel Stab iization (VWG16)
Site 2 - Headcut StabiCrzatim

3

North
3

cry
LL
Main channel
c
Place two trees (wi rootwads) at
d o the inlet of the side-channel
:2 4

144 feet
Headcut
Cobble and small boulder size rock -
Scour pool placed at toe of headcut at a 2:1 slope1 Drawing not io
(rUrCrISE) _. ...scale....
Figure 7 Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization at Site 2 Access to the site would be
from FSR 188. LWD would be placed in the meander bend at the side-channel inlet and
rock placed at the base of the headcut
Work at this site would require tracked excavator access to the right bank of Frankum Creek
from FSR 188, making about a 150-foot long by 10-foot wide path of disturbance. No trails
will be constructed, but several small trees (DBH <6") may have to be removed to create the
path. Travel to the site would likely remove some ground cover exposing bare soil. All bare
soil would be covered by mulch at the end of each workday, and seeded at the end of the
project.
6
TEMPORARY BMP's (to be applied at both sites)
Because the total disturbance is less than 1 acre, NC Division of Land Quality does not
require an erosion and sediment control plan. To reduce erosion and sedimentation of
Frankum Creek, the contractor will be instructed to implement the following temporary
BMP's:
A. Minimize the area and degree of soil disturbance that reduces infiltration capacity and
permeability and destroys protective forest floor and ground cover.
1. Work will be accomplished in stages to not expose large areas of bare soil
simultaneously.
2. Limit clearing of vegetation to the minimum required for the project.
B. Work activities would not be scheduled on rainy days.
C. Heavy Equipment Operation.
1. All equipment shall be cleaned before entering the project area and stream, to
reduce the risk of fine grained sediment, oils, and grease from entering the stream.
2. Do not operate on wet soils when they are most susceptible to damage and
erosion.
3. Do not operate heavy equipment on over-hanging stream banks.
D. Install sediment fence to trap potential sediment. Stabilize any disturbed area at the end
of each workday.
E. Re-vegetate exposed soils as soon as possible to take advantage of the loose soil
conditions for seeding.
1. Exposed soil will be covered with straw mulch or erosion matting at the end of
each workday. Matting will be secured in place with staples, stakes, or live stakes
of trees where conditions allow.
2. Temporary seeding will occur on all bare soil within five days of ground
disturbing activities to provide long-term erosion control.
3. Stabilize channel banks with a temporary seed mix of wheat, millet, or similar
annual grain as work is completed.
F. Do not move sediment trap devices until vegetation in the disturbed areas has been
established.
G. Conduct activities during periods of low flow.
H. Use a skilled heavy equipment operator, trained in stream restoration. Instruct the
operator to minimize disturbance to the streambed and banks.
1. Conduct visual inspections of Frankum Creek while the work is being accomplished to
inspect turbidity.
7
Office Use Only: Form Vcrsion May 2002
USACE Action ID No. DWQ No. 73
(If any particular item is not applicable to this project, please enter "Not Applicable" or "N/A".)
1. Processing
1. Check all of the approval(s) requested for this project:
® Section 404 Permit ? Riparian or Watershed Buffer Rules
? Section 10 Permit ? Isolated Wetland Permit from DWQ
® 401 Water Quality Certification
2. Nationwide, Regional or General Permit Number(s) Requested: Nationwide #27
3. If this notification is solely a courtesy copy because written approval for the 401 Certification
is not required, check here: ?
4. If payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP) is proposed for
mitigation of impacts (verify availability with NCWRP prior to submittal of PCN), complete
section VIII and check here: ?
5. If your project is located in any of North Carolina's twenty coastal counties (listed on page
4), and the project is within a North Carolina Division of Coastal Management Area of
???
Environmental Concern (see the top of page 2 for further details), check here
/;:?k
II. Applicant Information B
JAN 1 0 2006
1. Owner/Applicant Information
Name: Marisue Hilliard (Forest Supervisor) DENR - WATER QUALITY
Mailing Address: U.S. Forest Service ,NCH -
National Forests in North Carolina
P.O. Box 2750
Asheville, NC 28802-2750
Telephone Number: 828-257-4200 Fax Number: 828-257-4263
E-mail Address:
2. Agent/Consultant Information (A signed and dated copy of the Agent Authorization letter
must be attached if the Agent has signatory authority for the owner/applicant.)
Name: Brady N. Dodd (Forest Hydrologist)
Company Affiliation:
Mailing Address: U.S. Forest Service
National Forests in North Carolina
P.O. Box 2750
Asheville NC 28802-2750
Telephone Number: 828-257-4214 Fax Number: 828-257-4263
E-mail Address: bdodd(a)fs.fed.us
8. River Basin: Catawba
(Note --- this must be one of North Carolina's seventeen designated major river basins. The
River Basin map is available at http://h2o.enr.state.ne.us/admin/maps/.)
9. Describe the existing conditions on the site and general land use in the vicinity of the project
at the time of this application:-
Site 1: This site lies 60 feet east of FSR 188 and is on a sharp meander bend. Storms from
2004 and possibly road drainage from FSR 188 resulted in fifty-feet of the channel at the
meander to become bare and susceptible to erosion. Approximately 10 feet of stream bank
has already sloughed in. West of the meander is a cross-drain with a settling pond and
defined swale. There may be some ground water interaction between the road and the
channel that is contributing to the instability of the channel at site 1.
Site 2: During the 2004 storms, a new channel on Frankum Creek was created 150 feet
upstream of the confluence of Frankum and Georges Creek. This new channel re-connects
with Georges Creek, upstream of the pre-storm confluence of the two streams. The new
stream bed cut to bedrock and the bed of the main channel is mostly alluvium (sand and
cobble). A headcut 3.0 feet in height and 1 foot wide with a scour pool has developed.
Roots in the banks at the top of the headcut are keeping this headcut stable and preventing it
from migrating upstream to the main channel of Frankum Creek. The difference in bed
elevation between the two channels is 3.0 feet. If the headcut becomes unstable it would
migrate upstream until it reached a bedrock control. Bedrock was not found for at least a
distance of 200 feet upstream of the headcut.
10. Describe the overall project in detail, including the type of equipment to be used:-
Site 1: Place large woody debris (10"DBH) with attached root wads in the channel to re-
direct flow away from the bare and erodible right downstream bank.
Site 2: Place large rocks in the overflow channel to stabilize the headcut. Place large woody
debris in Frankum Creek at the inlet of the side-channel to dissipate energy and capture
sediment.
11. Explain the purpose of the proposed work:
Site 1: Re-direct runoff away from the raw and erodible stream bank. Improve aquatic
habiatat and the physical integrity of Frankum Creek.
Site 2: Protect Frankum Creek from capture by the side-channel. Maintain channel inte rity
and reduce headcutting.
IV. Prior Project History
If jurisdictional determinations and/or permits have been requested and/or obtained for this
project (including all prior phases of the same subdivision) in the past, please explain. Include
the USACE Action M Number, DWQ Project Number, application date, and date permits and
r_3
site, until temporary erosion measures and/or riparian vegetation take hold. The short-term
increase in sediment from the project activities will be worth these activities. If this work is not
done, the stream could headcut and downcut, delivering large volumes of sediment downstream
to Frankum Creek and Mulberry Creek.
2. Individually list wetland impacts below: N/A
Wetland Impact
Site Number
(indicate on ma)
Type of Impact* Area of
Impact
(acres) Located within
100-year Floodplain**
(es/no Distance to
Nearest Stream
(linear feet)
Type of Wetland***

* List each impact separately and identify temporary impacts. Impacts include, but are not limited to: mechanized clearing, grading, fill,
excavation, flooding, ditching/drainage, etc. For dams, separately list impacts due to both structure and flooding.
** 100-Year floodplains are identified through the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps
(FIRM), or FEMA-approved local floodplain maps. Maps are available through the FEMA Map Service Center at 1-800-358-9616, or
online at http://www.feni,i.gov.
*** List a wetland type that best describes wetland to be impacted (e.g., freshwater/saltwater marsh, forested wetland, beaver pond,
Carolina Bay, bog, etc.) Indicate if wetland is isolated (determination of isolation to be made by USACE only).
List the total acreage (estimated) of all existing wetlands on the property:
Total area of wetland impact proposed: N/A
3. Individually list all intermittent and perennial stream impacts below:
N/A
Stream Impact Length of Average Width Perennial or
Site Number Type of Impact* Impact Stream Name** of Stream Intermittent?
(indicate on ma) (linear feet) Before Impact (please secify)
Placement of
Site 1 large woody 50 Frankum Creek 16 Perennial
debris
Placement of
Site 2 large woody 20 Frankum Creek 17 Perennial
debris
Site 2 Headcut 15 Frankum Creek side- 5 Perennial
Stabilization channel

N
timing degree and extent of disturbance at one time. Heavy equipment would not work on
over-hanging stream banks and will operate on upland slopes less than 15%.
VIII. Mitigation
DWQ - In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500, mitigation may be required by the NC
Division of Water Quality for projects involving greater than or equal to one acre of impacts to
freshwater wetlands or greater than or equal to 150 linear feet of total impacts to perennial
streams.
USACE - In accordance with the Final Notice of Issuance and Modification of Nationwide
Permits, published in the Federal Register on March 9, 2000, mitigation will be required when
necessary to ensure that adverse effects to the aquatic environment are minimal. Factors
including size and type of proposed impact and function and relative value of the impacted
aquatic resource will be considered in determining acceptability of appropriate and practicable
mitigation as proposed. Examples of mitigation that may be appropriate and practicable include,
but are not limited to: reducing the size of the project; establishing and maintaining wetland
and/or upland vegetated buffers to protect open waters such as streams; and replacing losses of
aquatic resource functions and values by creating, restoring, enhancing, or preserving similar
functions and values, preferable in the same watershed.
If mitigation is required for this project, a copy of the mitigation plan must be attached in order
for USACE or DWQ to consider the application complete for processing. Any application
lacking a required mitigation plan or NCWRP concurrence shall be placed on hold as
incomplete. An applicant may also choose to review the current guidelines for stream restoration
in DWQ's Draft Technical Guide for Stream Work in North Carolina, available at
http://l12o.enr.state.ne.us/ncwctIands/strnigidc.htni1.
1. Provide a brief description of the proposed mitigation plan. The description should provide
as much information as possible, including, but not limited to: site location (attach directions
and/or map, if offsite), affected stream and river basin, type and amount (acreage/linear feet)
of mitigation proposed (restoration, enhancement, creation, or preservation), a plan view,
preservation mechanism (e.g., deed restrictions, conservation easement, etc.), and a
description of the current site conditions and proposed method of construction. Please attach
a separate sheet if more space is needed.
N/A
2. Mitigation may also be made by payment into the North Carolina Wetlands Restoration
Program (NCWRP). Please note it is the applicant's responsibility to contact the NCWRP at
[phone] to determine availability and to request written approval of mitigation prior
to submittal of a PCN. For additional information regarding the application process for the
NCWRP, check the NCWRP website at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/wrp/index.htni. If use of
7
Zone* Impact
(square feet Multiplier Required
Mitigation
1 3
2 1.5
Total
* Zone 1 extends out 30 feet perpendicular from near bank of channel; Zone 2 extends an
additional 20 feet from the edge of Zone 1.
If buffer mitigation is required, please discuss what type of mitigation is proposed (i.e., Donation
of Property, Conservation Easement, Riparian Buffer Restoration / Enhancement, Preservation or
Payment into the Riparian Buffer Restoration Fund). Please attach all appropriate information as
identified within 15A NCAC 2B .0242 or.0260.
XI. Stormwater (required by DWQ)
Describe impervious acreage (both existing and proposed) versus total acreage on the site.
Discuss stormwater controls proposed in order to protect surface waters and wetlands
downstream from the property.
XII. Sewage Disposal (required by DWQ)
Clearly detail the ultimate treatment methods and disposition (non-discharge or discharge) of
wastewater generated from the proposed project, or available capacity of the subject facility.
XIIL Violations (required by DWQ)
Is this site in violation of DWQ Wetland Rules (15A NCAC 2H .0500) or any Buffer Rules?
Yes ? No
Is this an after-the-fact permit application?
Yes ? No
XIV. Other Circumstances (Optional):
It is the applicant's responsibility to submit the application sufficiently in advance of desired
construction dates to allow processing time for these permits. However, an applicant may
choose to list constraints associated with construction or sequencing that may impose limits on
work schedules (e.g., draw-down schedules for lakes, dates associated with Endangered and
Threatened Species, accessibility problems, or other issues outside of the applicant's control).
9
AD United States Forest National Forests in
Department of Service North Carolina
Agriculture
File Code: 1230
Route To: (2500)
Subject: Delegation of Authority
To: Brady Dodd
160A Zillicoa Street
P.O. Box 2750
Asheville, NC 28802
828-257-4200
Date: October 12, 2005
You are hereby delegated the authority to act as my agent for all phases of the application
process for permits required by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, for watershed restoration
and improvement projects such as aquatic habitat restoration and enhancement, habitat
restoration, channel stabilization, and channel relocation on the National Forests in North
Carolina. You are authorized to make formal application for all permits to the US Army Corps
of Engineers and the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, provide all necessary
information, and sign all correspondence.
Include this letter as part of all application for Section 404 permits to the US Army Corps of
Engineers, and Section 401 Water Quality Certification to the North Carolina Division of Water
Quality.
//t-- Jul
MARISUE HILLIARD
Forest Supervisor
s4
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Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (VWG16)
Site Plan
Brady Dodd, Hydrologist, National Forest in NC
Andrew Breibart, Hydrologist, Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit
January 5, 2006
Background
Frankum Creek is a third order perennial stream upstream of its confluence with Georges
Creek and within the project area. Between the junctions with State Route (SR) 1368 and
Forest Service Road (FSR) 4111, FSR 188 parallels Frankum Creek. The Forest Service's
Engineering Department has plans to improve the FSR 188 road; such improvements should
reduce sedimentation to Frankum Creek. Old route FSR 188 continues as a closed roadbed
north of the intersection with FSR 4111 and parallels the creek. Storms from 2004 caused
disturbance to two sites on Frankum Creek in the reach above the Georges Creek confluence
(Figure 1).
Vicinity Map
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (VWG16)
401/404 Permit Application
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Figure 1. Vicinity map of the Frankum Creek channel stabilization projects.
1

Site 1
This.site lies 60 feet east of FSR 188 and is on a sharp meander bend (Figure 2). Storms
from 2004 and possibly road drainage from FSR 188 resulted in 50 feet of channel at the
meander to become bare and susceptible to erosion. Approximately 10 feet of stream bank
has already sloughed into the channel (Figure 3). West of the meander is a cross-drain with a
settling pond and defined swale. There may be some ground water interaction between the
road and the channel that is contributing to the instability of the channel at Site 1.
Stable channel. Channel
width is 12 feet
' 50 feet of bank erosion. 10
1001* ^ feetof bank has sloughed in.
Channel width is 18 feet
Stable channel. Channel
width is 8 feet
Standing tree
LL
Settling
pond
°,aalefrom cross drain isOO faetlong
i Storm Recovery -Watershed Improvement
Frankum Creek Charnel Stabilization (VWG16)
` Site 1- Current Condition
•? I
North
! i dbh=8 inches
a
t
}l
dbh=S to 10 inches
Drawing not to
scale
Figure 2. Plan view of Site 1 on Frankum Creek, current condition.
2

Figure 3. Photo of the sloughed hank at Site I of Frankum Creek (11130105), current
condition.
Site 2
During the 2004 storms, a new channel on Frankum Creek was created 150 feet upstream of
the confluence of Frankum and Georges Creeks. This new channel re-connects with Georges
Creek, upstream of the confluence of the two streams. The new streambed cut to bedrock
while the bed of the main channel is mostly alluvium (sand and cobble). A headcut 3.0 feet
in height and 1 foot wide with a scour pool has developed. Roots in the banks at the top of
the headcut are keeping this headcut stable and preventing it from migrating upstream to the
main channel of Frank-um Creek. The difference in bed elevation between the two channels
is 3.0 feet. If the headcut becomes unstable, it would migrate upstream until it reached a
bedrock control. Bedrock was not found for at least a distance of 200 feet upstream of the
headcut.
Storm Recovery-Watershed Improvement
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (VW616)
Site 1 - Current Condition Photo

Storm Recovery-Watershed Improvement
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (VM16)
Site 2 - Current Condition
a
x
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v t
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.f
North
i Main channel
M 4
U ?
a 3 CO floodplain
?n
144 feet
Headcut
t
i
Scour pool Drawing not to
scale
i
d I
Figure 4. Plain view of Site 2 on Frankum Creek, current condition.
Figure 5. Photo of Headcut at Site 2 on Frankum Creek (11130105).
4
Planned Work
Site I
Four pieces of large woody debris (LWD) with attached root wads would be placed against
the right downstream bank to reduce flow velocities and to protect the bank from erosion.
LWD will provide aquatic habitat and help restore the physical integrity of Frankum Creek at
this site (Figure 6). Additionally, 50 feet of the right streambank would be planting with
riparian type vegetation, such as doghobble, dogwood, and rhododendron.

/_1% )

N
LL
Settling
pond
Storm Recovery -Watershed Improvement
Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization (WW610)
Stable channel. Channel
width is iz feet .,,
Site 1 -Typical of Woody Debris placement

3
*

50 feet of bank erosion. 10 ; r

feet of bank has sloughed in. 1
Channel widih is 18 feet ' es
North
Stable channel. Channel "
width is 8 feet
`
dbh=8 inches
Standing tree
1
?.
I
Swale iromcross drainis6 feet lon.9
rr rie`+
dbh=Sio 10 inches
Woody debris complex
of four trees (wtrootwads)
Orauring not to
scale
Figure 6. Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization at Site L Access to the site would be
from FSR 188. L RD would be placed in the meander bend and the bank planted
Work at this site would require tracked excavator access to the right bank of Frankum Creek
from FSR 188, making about a 60-foot long by 10-foot wide path of disturbance. No trails
would be constructed, but several small trees (DBH <6") may have to be removed to create
the path. Travel to the site would likely remove some ground cover exposing bare soil. All
bare soil would be covered by mulch at the end of each workday, and seeded at the end of the
project.
5
Site 2
Two pieces of large woody debris (LWD) with attached root wads would be placed in the
meander bend at the side-channel inlet to reduce flow to the side-channel. Also, cobble and
small boulder size rock (3"-12" range in average size) would be placed at the base of the
headcut at a 2:1 slope, e.g. a height of 3 feet and a length of 6 feet (Figure 7).
Storm Recovery -Watershed Improvement
Frankum Crook Channel Stabilization (VWG16)
Site 2 -Headcut 5tabifization

3

?r
North

CO
m

fJJ
Main channel
c.
t " Place two trees (wi rootwads) at
" the inlet of the side-channel
m o
a

'
CO
144 feet
Headcut
Cobble and small boulder size rock --- --- --- -
Scour pool placed at toe of headcut at a 2:1 slope Drawing not to
(rUCCrISe) scale
Figure 7. Frankum Creek Channel Stabilization at Site 2 Access to the site would be
from FSR 188. LWD would be placed in the meander bend at the side-channel inlet and
rock placed at the base of the headcut
Work at this site would require tracked excavator access to the right bank of Frankum Creek
from FSR'188, making about a 150-foot long by 10-foot wide path of disturbance. No trails
will be constructed, but several small trees (DBH <6") may have to be removed to create the
path. Travel to the site would likely remove some ground cover exposing bare soil. All bare
soil would be covered by mulch at the end of each workday, and seeded at the end of the
project.
6
TEMPORARY BMP's (to be applied at both sites)
Because the total disturbance is less than 1 acre, NC Division of Land Quality does not
require an erosion and sediment control plan. To reduce erosion and sedimentation of
Frankum Creek, the contractor will be instructed to implement the following temporary
BMP's:
A. Minimize the area and degree of soil disturbance that reduces infiltration capacity and
permeability and destroys protective forest floor and ground cover.
1. Work will be accomplished in stages to not expose large areas of bare soil
simultaneously.
2. Limit clearing of vegetation to the minimum required for the project.
B. Work activities would not be scheduled on rainy days.
C. Heavy Equipment Operation.
1. All equipment shall be cleaned before entering the project area and stream, to
reduce the risk of fine grained sediment, oils, and grease from entering the stream.
2. Do not operate on wet soils when they are most susceptible to damage and
erosion.
3. Do not operate heavy equipment on over-hanging stream banks.
D. Install sediment fence to trap potential sediment. Stabilize any disturbed area at the end
of each workday.
E. Re-vegetate exposed soils as soon as possible to take advantage of the loose soil
conditions for seeding.
1. Exposed soil will be covered with straw mulch or erosion matting at the end of
each workday. Matting will be secured in place with staples, stakes, or live stakes
of trees where conditions allow.
2. Temporary seeding will occur on all bare soil within five days of ground
disturbing activities to provide long-term erosion control.
3. Stabilize channel banks with a temporary seed mix of wheat, millet, or similar
annual grain as work is completed.
F. Do not move sediment trap devices until vegetation in the disturbed areas has been
established.
G. Conduct activities during periods of low flow.
H. Use a skilled heavy equipment operator, trained in stream restoration. Instruct the
operator to minimize disturbance to the streambed and banks.
1. Conduct visual inspections of Frankum Creek while the work is being accomplished to
inspect turbidity.
7