20051812 Ver 1_Complete File_20050923

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CONSULTING ENGINEERS
ASHEVILLE,NORTH'CAROLINA

STREAM REPAIRS & BANK STABILIZATION PLAN FOR
Peeks Creek Site
Macon County, North Carolina

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Prepared by:
McGill
ASSOCIATES
Prepared for
MACON COUNTY ??O
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September 2005
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In conjunction withv
Fish and Wildlife Associates, Inc.

Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
1.' PROJECT PURPOSE & DESCRIPTION
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The purpose of this project is to stabilize and/or repair eroded and unstable stream banks,
streambed and the associated riparian area along Peeks Creek that were impacted by
flood flows from Hurricanes Frances and Ivan in September of 2004 as well as a
landslide resulting from the flood flows. Peeks Creek experienced a devastating
landslide during the 2004 flooding that destroyed several houses and caused much
personal property damage. Unfortunately, the landslide also caused loss of life as well as
several serious injuries to the residents living along Peeks Creek. The slide denuded the
entire riparian area for several hundred feet along the general direction of Peeks Creek
and destroyed the State-maintained road that was near the streambed as well as several
houses. The severely eroded stream banks consist of exposed soil and rock on moderate
to steep slopes, which, if transported during another high flow event, could block
downstream culverts and bridges as well as cause increased erosion that could potentially
threaten property and structures located along Peeks Creek. As desired by the
landowners and charged to us by Macon County, North Carolina, the proposed design is
intended to construct a stabilized stream bank and streambed. The instability of this
section of Peeks Creek will remain a threat to the environmental recovery of the stream
as well as to the property and roadway located along the stream if careful, quick repairs
are not performed soon.
The work described in this Stream Repair and Bank Stabilization Plan (Repair Plan) is
urgent and compelling work under the National Resource Conservation Service (MRCS)
Emergency Watershed Protection (EWP) program to protect existing property and
structures. NRCS is the funding agency and Macon County / Macon Soil and Water
Conservation District (SWCD) is the sponsor and responsible party for the project. Work
will consist of repair and stabilization effort only, and is not considered natural channel
restoration or enhancement work. However, some methods and approaches utilized in
the proposed repairs are routinely applied in natural channel design efforts due to their
ability to protect channel banks from shear stresses and the resultant erosion and damage.
All work in or near surface waters will be fully supervised by trained personnel from both
McGill Associates and Fish and Wildlife Associates (FWS). This site is one of three sites
selected for repair within Macon County.
2. SITE DESCRIPTION
DSR #2 - Peeks Creek - Peeks Creek (C, Tr) - The repair site is approximately 3,650 feet
in length and is located along Peeks Creek in Macon County, NC. This area is located
' adjacent to Peeks Creek Road as well as above the roadway. Please refer to repair plans
for photographs, mapping, imagery, and details of existing site conditions.
' Approximately 3,650 feet of both channel banks were severely damaged through bank
erosion, soil loss and debris movement. The banks are referenced as descending when
facing downstream and ascending when facing upstream.
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Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
The majority of the repair is located off Peeks Creek Road and access to the repair areas
will not be an issue. Approximately 600 feet of the upper end of the repair is located
above the roadway although the area remains accessible, it will be more difficult to
access. Utilities will be located and marked by the contractor prior to construction. The
disturbed area for the proposed repair and stabilization exceeds one acre. Therefore,
Macon County will have to secure an Erosion Control Permit from the North Carolina
Division of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) Division of Land Quality.
The work proposed at the Peeks Creek site will have to be permitted by the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers (Section 404 permit) and also the N.C. Department of Environment
and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality (Section 401 Water Quality
Certification).
3. REPAIR OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Despite the extensive damage experienced along Peeks Creek and to its banks, Peeks
Creek has re-established a "working" stream channel. The streambed in many locations
has encountered bedrock and Peeks Creek has worked its way through the huge boulders
and large rock that are located in the channel. However, in several areas the re-
established stream channel is unstable and subject to "shifting" in response to even small
increased stream flow events such as an "annual" storm. This shifting activity will
greatly increase the potential for stream bank and streambed erosion as well as
endangering property and structures that are located along Peeks Creek, including the
North Carolina Division of Transportation (NC DOT) roadway itself. Additionally, there
are many areas where unconsolidated weathered rock and soil are in danger of being
washed into the stream. The instability of this section of Peeks Creek will remain a threat
to the environmental recovery of the stream as well as to the property and roadway
located along the stream, without proper repairs being implemented. The EWP work
proposed for this site will utilize sound engineering practices and natural stream
restoration principles to stabilize the streambed and the stream banks in this area. EWP
guidelines will be followed in developing and constructing/installing these stream repairs.
The most basic principle of the EWP work is to attempt to restore the site to "pre-flood
conditions." Under more common examples of EWP related sites, the "pre-flood"
conditions are easier to define. For Peeks Creek, the slide has essentially reconfigured
the entire streambed and the riparian area associated with the previous waterway.
Therefore, every effort will be made to stabilize the streambed and riparian area
associated with the current stream configuration, consistent with the character of this type
and size of stream located in the mountains of Macon County. Interviews with residents
of Peeks Creek have also provided some insight as to the original stream configuration.
In several of the stream segments to be repaired, Peeks Creek's current alignment is
threatening unprotected bank areas and/or the NC DOT roadway. The proposed repair
effort will minimize realignment. However, stream realignment will be used-wherever
reorienting the stream flow direction will better protect stream integrity, stabilize the
streambed, and minimize sedimentation and erosion. These areas are marked on the
Proposed Repair Plan.
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Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
Residual rock material along Peeks Creek will be used to provide appropriate protection
of the banks and for stream bank toe stabilization as needed. The use of large boulder
material will be the primary method of protecting the stream and the banks because of the
materials' ability to resist storm flow forces and velocities. Non-woven geotextile
material will be used to line the landward side of the boulder structures to retain smaller
fill material (stone and earth) in order to prevent erosion and sediment loss and to provide
a more stable retaining system for the soil that will be added to enhance planting success.
Plantings are specified in accordance with typical native streamside vegetation of this
region. As noted, the slide removed the vegetation and most of the streamside soil that
was a part of the Peeks Creek riparian area, leaving a boulder and rock-strewn area along
both sides of the stream. In order to increase the success of plantings for this repair,
placement of appropriate soil material will be needed. Every effort will be made during
the installation and the construction process to reduce sedimentation and erosion and to
provide a stable stream channel and bank repair that will allow the new plantings to take
hold and further strengthen the underlying soil and rock structures placed in and along the
Peeks Creek stream system.
Along much of the repair section, the State-maintained road runs along the Peeks Creek
corridor. In some areas, Peeks Creek is less than five feet from the road edge. In each
case, where it is possible and consistent with the natural repair objectives and EWP
guidelines, the stream will be relocated away from the road and the stream bank along the
road will be stabilized using boulder toe stabilization.- As storm events continue to
impact this stream and the land along Peeks Creek, the objective of these repairs is to
provide protection of the property and resources along the stream.
In-channel structures have been indicated on the repair plans for areas where such
structures are needed to retain or reestablish streambed orientation and to protect bank
repairs. These structures will follow the construction and installation details provided in
the plans. Stream structures, along with bank and toe stabilization installations, are
proposed in order to retain the natural "pool-riffle" character of Peeks Creek and to
strengthen and enhance the longevity of all the repair efforts. Clean, coarse material will
be used within the flowing waters of Peeks Creek in order to reduce the potential for
sediment in the stream.
The Contractor will carefully manage fuel and lubrication materials for construction
equipment to prevent any loss to the stream and any impact to the surrounding areas.
Stream crossings with equipment will be minimized and used only when access
limitations require a crossing.
4. TYPICAL REPAIR DETAILS AND OPTIONS
The Proposed Repair Plan is designed to repair and stabilize the banks and streambed
along Peeks Creek and is not considered natural channel restoration or enhancement
work. However, some methods and approaches utilized in the proposed repairs are
routinely applied in natural channel design efforts due to their ability to protect channel
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' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
banks from shear stresses and the resultant erosion. Due to previous alterations of the
channel, including but not limited to the landslide of 2004, bridge construction, and bank
' grading, the channel banks in relation to original widths and slopes have been modified
considerably. This has made the identification of the "natural" condition of the channel
very difficult.
' For comparison purposes, we attempted to confirm our "channel bank" location by
comparing the resultant "channel width" to available Regional Curve data. Based on a
review of site data (upstream and/or downstream) and our estimated "channel bank"
location, we estimated the pre-disturbance "channel width" at approximately 20 feet. We
compared this "channel width" to estimated bankfull width as determined from available
(preliminary) mountain Regional Curve data (SRI) for the appropriate drainage area. The
regional curve indicates a bankfull width of approximately 30 feet based on a drainage
area of 3 square miles. Based on this comparison, it is our opinion that the estimated pre-
disturbance "channel location" is appropriate.
As shown on the attached repair plans and design details, we recommend that the
repaired slopes be reconstructed and backfilled with excavated channel material (or
deposited material recovered from the floodplain), available on-site or off-site earth fill,
and in some cases imported stone aggregate. The location of the toe of the repaired slope
' will be field determined to allow for the development of a typical repair application along
the reach. Our Repair Plan calls for the incorporation of in-stream structures, rock
movement, and several typical repair types ("A", "B", "C", anD and
' stabilizations types ("A" and "B").
' Repair Types
The typical Repair Types "A", "B" and "C" will divide the stream bank to be repaired
into three bank zones, Upper, Mid-, and Lower for slope, stabilization measures, and
planting recommendations. The bank zones tie into each other as depicted on the Repair
Plan for each type of repair. Repair Type "D" will be used to repair banks not located
directly on the stream's edge and will consist of grading areas that are part of the repair to
i a gentle slope.
The Lower Bank Zone of the repairs shall be constructed using riverbed borrow
consisting of sand, gravel, cobble and small boulders and any necessary off-site borrow
materials. This zone will be graded as shown for each repair type as depicted in the
details of the Repair Plan and over seeded with the appropriate temporary and permanent
grasses and vegetation for the season. As this zone is within the "active channel", it will
be lined with CF-7 (coir fiber) erosion control matting (or equivalent) and backfilled with
the above recommended coarse (bed) material.
The Mid-Bank Zone should be graded as shown for each Repair Type using varying fill
materials including both riverbed borrow and other suitable borrow sources. Benches
constructed in the Mid-Bank Zone are also bankfull benches. Since this zone is located
out of the "active channel", it should be lined with excelsior (wood fiber) erosion control
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' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
matting (or equivalent) and planted with the select shrubs and trees of the species and
density described in the planting details. This zone should also be over seeded with
erosion control grasses and native vegetation.
The Upper Bank Zone should also be graded as shown in the Repair Plan details for each
' Repair Type and use varying fill materials so that it blends the Mid-Bank Zone with the
surrounding floodplain grade or proposed tie-in location. This zone should be lined with
excelsior (wood fiber) erosion control matting (or equivalent) and planted with select tree
' and shrub species at the density described in the planting detail as well as over seeded
with erosion control grasses and natural vegetation.
r Repair Type "A" will be sloped at a 1H:2V angle or greater with no Mid-Bank Zone
bench. Repair Type "B" will have a bankfull bench located at the Mid-Bank Zone as
well as a French drain installed under the slope as shown in the details of the
' Construction Drawings. This repair type will be utilized in area where significant
groundwater flow is entering the stream and could compromise the proposed repairs if a
proper flow path is not provided. Repair Type "C" will have a bankfull bench located at
the Mid-Bank Zone.

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Toe Stabilization
Two (2) types of toe stabilization will be recommended for the Peeks Creek site. Toe
Bank Stabilization Type "A" is for areas where the streamhas already reached bedrock
and no excavation is required for placement of the footer rock. Type "B" will be used in
areas of unconsolidated material where the Contractor will excavate to stabile material
before placing the footer rock. The landward side of these structures will be lined with a
non-woven fabric and backfilled with excavated channel material and in some cases
imported stone (off-site riverbed borrow materials or other available coarse aggregate if
approved by the designer) to improve stability and reduce the potential for piping.
The height of each toe stabilization is depicted on the Proposed Repair Plan of the
Construction Drawings. The designer will determine the exact location and extent of toe
stabilization measures at the time of construction.
In-channel Structures
Portions of the repaired channel bank will be augmented with in-channel structures
including rock cross vanes and possibly constructed riffles. These structures will be
utilized to reinforce and stabilize the proposed bank repairs. All structures will be
constructed out of natural materials typically consisting of locally quarried boulders or
boulders utilized from the site. The upstream side of these structures will be lined with a
non-woven fabric and backfilled with excavated channel material and in some cases
imported stone (off-site riverbed borrow materials or other available coarse aggregate if
approved by the designer) to improve stability and reduce the potential for piping.
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' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
These in-stream structures concentrate stream energy toward the center of the channel
and away from the near-bank areas. In doing so, the structure reduces shear stress along
the banks and prevents bank erosion. (In this case, such structures allow for an additional
measure of protection of the repaired bank until vegetation can take hold). The in-stream
structures also provide grade control.
The attached Repair Plan generally describes the number and type of in-channel
structures to be installed. The designer will determine the exact spacing, length, and
location of the in-channel structures at the time of construction. For planning purposes,
we estimate that a minimum of thirty-six (36) rock cross vane structures will be installed
along the repair reach. A detail of a cross vane structure is shown in the Construction
Drawings. During construction, some of the rock cross vane structures may be replaced
by constructed riffles depending on the material available.
' Bank Plantings
A riparian buffer area will be established along the repaired channel bank as part of the
proposed Repair Plan. The riparian zone will include all three Bank Zones (Lower, Mid-,
and Upper). These areas will be seeded and planted with the appropriate native riparian
vegetation and will provide channel stability and treatment of surface waters traveling
laterally through the buffer.
Species will consist primarily of native trees, shrubs and vegetation. The repaired bank
will be planted with the appropriate channel bank species in the form of live stakes, bare-
root seedlings, seeds, and transplants where available. Native trees and shrubs that are
available elsewhere on-site will be removed with as much of the root ball intact and
transplanted adjacent to the restored channel or in the floodplain. The majority of the
planting efforts (with the exception of live stakes) should be performed in the fall season
to increase survivability. Vegetation will be supplied by locally identified plant sources
or purchased from local, reputable nurseries. Other sources, outside of the local area,
may be used depending on the availability of plant material and as approved by the
designer.
Tree species individuals will be planted randomly at a 10 ft. by 10 ft. spacing. The
planting plan will include a minimum of five of the eight tree species listed in the
planting schedule. The preferred species that should be used on this project shall be
Sweet Birch (Betula lenta), Red Maple (Acer rubrum), and River Birch (Betula nigra).
' Plants shall be installed as shown in the planting details.
Shrub species will be planted at a lower density and farther spacing (12 ft. by 12 ft.). The
' planting plan will include a minimum of three of the six shrubs listed in the planting
schedule. Highland Doghobble (Leucothoe fontanesiana) and Rhododendron
(Rhododendron maximum) shall be planned in shaded to partial sun areas only.

Live stakes are specified and will be planted where possible on a spacing of 4 ft. (along
bank) by 3ft. (width) consisting of Silky Dogwood. Live stakes will be cut and installed

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' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
' as shown in the planting details. The live stake planting will be performed in the spring
of 2006 to increase survivability.
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A representative of McGill Associates or FWA will be on s
planting efforts associated with the buffer restoration. The designer must approve
' substitution of tree, shrub, and live stake species in advance.
Temporary and/or permanent seeding measures (German millet, rye grass, or the most
' appropriate erosion control grass as dictated by the season or region) will be applied to
areas disturbed during grading operations to allow for localized stabilization while
riparian species establish themselves. Two (2) seed mixtures will also be applied to this
' project. In the Lower Bank Zone, the following native species herbaceous seeding
mixture should be planted: Scarlet Beebalm (Monarda didyma), Jewelweed (Impatiens
capensis), Elderberry (Sambucus Canadensis), Common Rush (Juncus effuses), Forget-
me-not (Myosotis scorpioides), and Sedge (Carex sp.). In the Mid-Bank and Upper Bank
Zones, the following native species herbaceous seeding mixture should be planted:
Queen Anne's lace (Daucus carota), Red Clover (Trifolium pratense), Narrowleaf
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Looking-glass (
Plantain (Plantago lanceolata), Clasping Venus
Common Plantain (Plantago major), and native grasses.
5. PROPOSED REPAIR PLAN
There are twenty-six (26) proposed repair sections along Peeks Creek. The Construction
' Drawings include pictures that show individual rocks, debris, and items that need to be
moved as part of this Proposed Repair Plan. Please refer to these pictures when reading
the repair descriptions. The proposed repairs for these sections are as follows:
Repair 1 (R-1)
' This section is approximately 35 feet long and is along the left descending bank. It will
be stabilized using Toe Stabilization Type "A" at a height of one (1) boulder high. The
bank will then be repaired using Repair Type "A".
Repair 2 (R-2)
This section is approximately 40 feet long and is along the right descending bank. It will
be stabilized using Toe Stabilization Type "A" at a height of one (1) boulder high. The
' bank will then be repaired using Repair Type "D". As part of this repair, the plug will be
removed from the overflow channel that is located adjacent to the large boulder.
Repair 3 (R-3)
This section is approximately 100 feet long. The rock and soil along the left descending
bank shall be removed to the elevation of the bankf ill bench. The rock will be used in
Repair 4. Use the rocks in the middle of the existing stream at Station 13+65 to redirect
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Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
the channel to the left of its existing flowline. Use rocks to raise the elevation of the
existing channel, thus blocking off the replaced channel.
Repair 4 (R-4)
This section is approximately 25 feet long. The large boulders from the boulder pile on
the right descending bank will be used for Toe Stabilization Type "B" at a height of one
(1) boulder high as well as rock from Repair 3. The bank will then be repaired using
Repair Type "A".
Repair 5 (R-5)
This section is approximately 50 feet long. Remove the woody debris next to the bank in
the channel cut by the landslide. Move the large rock located up on the slope, down to
the toe of the slope. The bank from Station 13+25 to 13+50 will be repaired using Repair
Type "D". From Station 13+50 to 13+75, the bank will be repaired using Repair Type
"C". The pool located at Station 13+75 will be eliminated.
Repair 6 (R-6)
This section is approximately 30 feet long. On the left descending bank, the stream
channel will be moved to the left and the woody debris and gold colored rock should be
moved. The medium-sized boulder in the center of the new channel shall be moved. Use
these rocks to fill in the pool on the right descending bank where the two tributaries come
into the existing stream. The right descending bank shall be repaired using Repair Type
"A„
Repair 7 (R-7)
At Station 15+00, a pool will be constructed at the base of the drop from the new
channel. The depth will be determined at time of construction.
Repair 8 (R-8)
Construct a cross vane in the new stream channel at Station 15+25.
Repair 9 (R-9)
This section is approximately 100 feet long. The stream channel will be redirected to the
left of the former channel that is located between two large boulders. To begin
construction, remove the cobble and gravel to the appropriate elevation to allow the
stream to flow at the old channel depth. Move the rocks in the old channel as necessary
to obtain the proper flow and drop. Once the old channel is established, use rock and fill
to raise the base elevation and block the flow of water to the existing channel.
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' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
' Repair 10 (R-10)
This section is approximately 80 feet long. Block the overflow channel at Station 15+50
then use Repair Type "C" to repair the right descending bank.
Repair 11 (R-1)
At Station 16+00, remove the large rock from the middle of the stream near where the
' tributary on the left descending bank enters Peeks Creek. Place the rock on the left
descending bank.
' Repair 12 (R-12)
Remove the large gold-colored rock that is partially under the bridge at Station 17+45.
' Armor the left descending bank at the upstream corner of the bridge as shown in the
Construction Drawings.
Repair 13 (R-13)
This section is approximately 20 feet long. Repair the right descending bank with Repair
' Type "A". Extend the Mid-Zone Bank (bankfull) bench to the bedrock.
Repair 14 (R-14)
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At Station 19+50, leave the tree over the stream and plant the bare slope on the r
descending bank with vegetation.
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Repair 15 (R-15)
' Move the whale tail-shaped rock to the left descending bank at Station 20+95, set the
rock with the flat edge down, and position it to deflect the stream to the right. Move the
small grey rock with the mica and possibly one other rock as necessary to help shift the
stream channel to the right. Reestablish the banks at the bankfull height using Repair
Type "B".
' Repair 16 (R-16)
Reconstruct the stream channel for the entering tributary at Station 23+45 on the left
' descending bank. Place four (4) cross rock vanes or constructed riffles at every 20 liner
feet starting at Station 23+40.
' Repair 17 (R-17)
' This section is approximately 65 feet long. This repair consists of moving the existing
channel to its former location through the large cobble/boulder pile. Fill the existing
channel using Repair Type "D".
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' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
Repair 18 (R-18)
This section is approximately 440 feet long. Reconstruct the streambed through the
boulder field from Station 25+60 to 28+50, moving it 10' from. the road. First, dig the
new channel in the dry, placing part of the material in the channel along the slope on the
' right. Due to groundwater inflow from Station 25+75 to 28+00, a French drain as shown
in the Construction Drawings will be installed along the channel bed. This will be Repair
Type "C". The channel will remain daylighted to carry the flow from a spring and the
pipe on the right. Place fifteen (15) cross rock vanes or constructed riffles at every 25
linear feet of the new channel starting at Station 25+50.
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Repair 19 (R-19)
This section is approximately 75 feet long. Eliminate the three (3) channels below the
confluence of Peeks Creek and the tributary on the right by removing cobble and
boulders in the middle of the stream. Consolidate the two (2) channels into one (1) at
Station 29+00 through 29+25. The stream bank along Station 28+50 through 30+00 will
have a Repair Type "D" from the stream bank to the road.
Repair 20 (R-20)
This section is approximately 25 feet long. The left descending bank will be built up to
direct the stream away from the pool at the bottom of the culvert. The boulder located in
the middle of the stream will be removed. The right descending bank should be lowered
and the material put on the left descending bank until both banks have an equal elevation.
Use Repair Type "B" to build the banks.
Repair 21 (R-21)
This section is approximately 90 feet long. Move the flat slate rock located below the
tributary on left, that is tilted up and broken, and place it on the left descending bank.
The right descending bank shall be repaired using Repair Type "A". Excess material can
be used in Repair 19 (R-19).
Repair 22 (R-22)
This section is approximately 35 feet long. The stream channel will be redirected toward
the right. The left descending bank will be reconfigured and the right descending bank
will be reshaped with a Mid-Zone Bank (bankfull) bench (similar to Repair Type `B").
Repair 23 (R-23)
This section is approximately 50 feet long. Repair the right descending bank with Repair
Type "C" so that the bench is two (2) feet wide. The left descending bank shall be
repaired to reestablish the old roadway shoulder using Repair Type "D".
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' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
' Repair 24 (R-24)
This section is approximately 405 feet long. Relocate the stream channel an average of
' 25 feet to the right from Station 33+95 to 37+60. Extend the culvert located at Station
36+20. Fill the existing channel using Repair Type "A". The tributary on the right will
daylight into Peeks Creek at Station 37+60. The right descending bank shall be repaired
' from Station 37+50 to 38+00 using Repair Type "A". Place nine (9) cross rock vane or
constructed riffles at every 50 linear feet of the new channel starting at Station 34+00.
' Repair 25 (R-25)
This section is approximately 360 feet long. Move the streambed to the left to re-
establish the former channel. The channel will cross under the old bridge and cross the
stream at Station 42+90. The channel should be constructed to the right of the red maple
tree and join with the tributary on the right. Tie into the existing channel at Station
44+75. Place seven (7) cross rock vanes or constructed riffles at every 50 linear feet of
the new channel starting at Station 41+25.
Repair 26 (R-26)
At Section 44+75, remove the end portion of the concrete pad and metal immediately
' downstream. Leave all other debris in the left bank.

Construction Drawings for the proposed Stream Repair and Bank Stabilization Plan
including the proposed repairs, a construction sequence, structure details, erosion and
sediment control details, and a planting schedule and details are attached. Technical
Specifications are also attached.
6. REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
401 WATER C?UALITY CERTIFICATION (Mandatory Requirement based on expected
Certification conditions) - The following mandatory conditions apply to all repair sites:
1. Erosion & Sediment Control Practices
a. The erosion and sediment control measures for the project must be
designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the
most recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and Erosion
Control Planning and Design Manual.
b. The design, installation, operation, and maintenance of the sediment
and erosion control measures must be such that they equal, or exceed,
the requirements specified in the most recent version of the North
Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control Manual. The devices shall be
maintained on all construction sites, borrow sites, and waste pile
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' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
' (spoil) projects, including contractor-owned or leased borrow pits
associated with the project.
' c. For borrow pit sites, the erosion and sediment control measures must
be designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with
the most recent version of the North Carolina Surface Mining
' Manual.
The reclamation measures and implementation must comply with the
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reclamation in accordance with the requirements of the Sedimentation
Pollution Control Act.
' 2. No Waste, Spoil, Solids, or Fill of Any Kind - No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of
any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian areas beyond the footprint
of the impacts depicted in the Pre-Construction Notification. All construction
activities, including the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of
sediment and erosion control Best Management Practices, shall be performed so
' that no violations of state water quality standards, statutes, or rules occur.
3. No Sediment & Erosion Control Measures w/n Wetlands or Waters -
Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or
' waters to the maximum extent practicable. If placement of sediment and
erosion control devices in wetlands and waters is unavoidable, they shall be
' removed and the natural grade restored within six months of the date that the
Division of Land Resources has released the project.
4. Certificate of Completion - Upon completion of all work approved within the
401 Water Quality Certification or applicable Buffer Rules, and any subsequent
modifications, the applicant is required to return the attached certificate of
' completion to the 401/Wetlands Unit, North Carolina Division of Water
Quality, 1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC, 27699-1650.
' 5. Sediment and erosion control measures must be implemented prior to
construction and maintained on the sites to minimize sediment in downstream
areas. Seeding for a temporary cover of wheat, millet, or similar annual grain or
' permanent herbaceous cover should occur on all bare soil within five (5) days of
ground disturbing activities to provide long-term erosion control. The projects
should be accomplished in stages instead of leaving large tracts exposed to
further storm events. Erosion control matting should be used in conjunction
with appropriate seeding on disturbed soils in steep slope and riparian areas,
unless authorized under Division of Land Resources Erosion and Sediment
Control approval. Matting should be secured in place with staples, stakes, or,
wherever possible, live stakes of native trees. Straw mulch and tall fescue
should not be used in riparian areas.
13
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' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
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6. Only clean, large, angular rock, large woody material, or other natural stream
design materials and techniques should be used for bank stabilization. Rock
should not be placed in the stream channel in a manner that constricts stream
flow or that will impede aquatic life movements during low flow conditions.
Filter cloth should be placed behind large rock that is used for bank
stabilization. Properly designed rock vanes should be constructed wherever
appropriate on bank stabilization and channel realignment stream reaches to
improve channel stability and to improve aquatic habitat. Root wads should be
installed low enough in the bank so that a significant portion (at least one-third)
the root wad is inundated during normal flows.
7. The channel must be restored to a more stable condition. However, under no
circumstances should river rock, sand or other materials be dredged from the
stream channel under authorization of this permit except, if necessary, in the
immediate vicinity of the eroding banks for the explicit purpose of anchoring
stabilizing or flow/grade control structures or for reestablishing the natural and
more stable stream channel dimensions. Streambed materials are unstable in
flowing-water situations and are unsuitable for bank stabilization. Stream
dredging has catastrophic effects on aquatic life and disturbance of the natural
form of the stream channel can cause downstream erosion problems. The
natural dimension, pattern, and profile of the stream upstream and downstream
of the permitted area should not be modified by widening the stream channel or
changing its depth.
8. Stabilization measures should only be applied on or near existing erosion sites,
leaving other stable stream bank areas in a natural condition. Grading and
backfilling should be minimized and tree and shrub growth should be retained
where possible to ensure long-term availability of stream bank cover for aquatic
life and wildlife. Backfill materials should be obtained from upland sites except
in cases where excess streambed materials are available. Berms are not
permitted because they block the floodplain, constrict and accelerate flood
flows, and often fail or impede drainage during large flood events.
9. Repairs to eroded banks should be conducted in a dry work area where possible.
Sandbags or other clean diversion structures should be used where possible to
minimize excavation in flowing water. Channel realignments should be
constructed by excavating the new channel from downstream to upstream
before connecting it to the old channel.
10. Heavy equipment should be operated from the bank whenever possible. All
mechanized equipment operated near surface waters should be inspected and
maintained regularly to prevent contamination of stream waters from fuels,
lubricants, hydraulic fluids or other toxic materials. Equipment used in stream
channel must be clean, new or low-hour equipment.
14

' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan September 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
' 11. As long-term stream stability is a concern with this type of work, it is strongly
recommended that woody vegetation be established along stream banks where
possible. Any riparian vegetation planting should be performed in accordance
with the Guidelines for Riparian Buffer Restoration.
(htip://h2o enr.state.nc.us/wrp/pdfibuffers.pdf )
12. Monitoring - The Permittee shall examine the stabilization work done under
this Certification on an annual basis for three (3) years following the
completion of the restoration efforts. This field evaluation should note the
' condition and stability of the measures installed and how well the repair is
holding up. A written report must be provided to DWQ's Asheville Regional
Office by June 1St of each year. The report must describe inspection results,
include digital photographs, list the date of inspection, and describe any
needed repairs or corrections.
t 13. The Permittee will provide on-site supervision of stability work including, but
not limited to bank re-sloping, in-stream structure placement, and riparian
zone re-establishment by an appropriately trained individual.

14. If pasture along the stream is to be used for grazing, the Permittee must
inform the appropriate landowners that cattle should be prohibited from
' damaging riparian areas and from de-stabilizing the stream banks and channel.
15. Diffuse Flow - All constructed storm water conveyance outlets shall be
directed and maintained as diffuse flow at non-erosive velocities through the
protected riparian zones such that it will not re-concentrate before discharging
into a stream.
' 16. Water Quality Certification Notifications - The Permittee must provide a copy
of this issued Water Quality Certification and attached cover letter to each
property owner where the approved work will be performed.
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17. Turbidity Standard - The turb
shall not be exceeded as described in 15A NCAC 2B .0200. Appropriate
' sediment and erosion control practices must be used to meet this standard.
Finally, pending receipt of a final 404 Permit and 401 Certification, copies of these issued
documents and the associated conditions and comments provided by commenting
' agencies (when available) will be included in all final contractor packages that will be
used for construction of the repairs. All regulatory requirements and the measures
outlined in this document will be fully discussed with the chosen contractor and the
' inspectors for McGill Associates and FWA before any construction begins. During
actual construction, inspectors will direct contractors to observe and apply good
construction practices and the requirements described in this document.

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1
FOR
1
MACON COUNTY EWP
1 PEEKS CREEK SITE
1 STREAM REPAIRS & BANK
STABILIZATION PROJECTS
1
1
1
1
SEPTEMBER, 2005
1
Prepared for:
Macon County, NC
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1
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1 -GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1
1.1 SECTION INCLUDES 1
1.2 SUMMARY OF WORK I
1.3 WORKFORCE EXPERIENCE 1
1.4 SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 1
1.5 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 1
' SECTION 2 - TEMPORARY FACILITIES 1
2.1 SECTION INCLUDES 1
2.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 1
2.3 TEMPORARY SANITARY FACILITIES 1
2.4 BARRIERS I
2.5 TRAFFIC CONTROL 1
2.6 STAGING AREA
TION WITH OWNER AND OTHER
N I
2.7 A
COORDI
CONTRACTORS 2
2
8 PROTECTION OF EXISTING FACILITIES,
. STRUCTURES, AND SERVICES 2
2.9 PROTECTION OF INSTALLED WORK 2
2.10 PROGRESS CLEANING & WASTE REMOVAL 2
2.11 EROSION CONTROL 2
' 2.12 FINAL CLEANING 2
SECTION 3 - QUALITY CONTROL 3
' 3.1 SECTION INCLUDES 3
3.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 3
3.3 REFERENCES 3
3.4 CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION 3
3.5 PLANTING OBSERVATION 3
SECTION 4 - SITE PREPARATION 4
4.1 SECTION INCLUDES 4
4.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 4
4.3 UTILITY LOCATION AND PROTECTION 4
4.4 SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION CONTROL 4
4.5 CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT 4
4.6 CLEARING, GRUBBING, AND STRIPPING 4
4.7 DEWATERING 4
5
SECTION 5 - EXCAVATION
5.1 SECTION INCLUDES 5
5.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 5
5.3 REFERENCES 5
5.4 PREPARATION 5
5.5 EXCAVATING 5
' 5.6 PLANTING PREPARATION 5
5.7 TOLERANCES 5
SECTION 6 - FILLING, BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION 6
6.1 SECTION INCLUDES 6
6.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 6
6.3 REFERENCES 6
I1
6.4 FILL MATERIALS
6.5 PREPARATION
6.6 BACKFILLING, FILLING, AND SURFACE
PREPARATION
6.7 COMPACTION AND QUALITY CONTROL
6.8 PROTECTION OF FINISHED WORK
6.9 TOLERANCES
SECTION 7 - CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS AND IN-
STREAM STRUCTURES
7.1 SECTION INCLUDES
7.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
7.3 REFERENCES
7.4 GENERAL
7.5 MATERIALS
7.6 IN-STREAM STRUCTURES & TOE
STABILIZATION
7.7 CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS
7.8 SLOPE PROTECTION
SECTION 8 - STREAM BANK PLANTING
8.1 SECTION INCLUDES
8.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
8.3 REFERENCES
8.4 GENERAL
8.5 LIVE STAKES
8.6 PLANT SUBSTITUTION
8.7 PLANTING PREPARATION
8.8 STREAM BANK PLANTING
8.9 PLANTING PERIODS
8.10 REMOVAL OF NUISANCE VEGETATION
8.11 WATER FOR PLANTINGS
8.12 SUBMITTALS
SECTION 9 - BUFFER PLANTING
9.1 SECTION INCLUDES
9.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
9.3 REFERENCES
9.4 GENERAL
9.5 CONTAINER GROWN PLANTS
9.6 BARE ROOT PLANTS
9.7 PLANT SUBSTITUTION
9.8 PLANTING PREPARATION
9.9 PLANTING PERIODS
9.10 REMOVAL OF NUISANCE VEGETATION
9.11 WATER FOR PLANTINGS
9.12 SUBMITTALS
SECTION 10 -PERMANENT SEEDING
10.1 SECTION INCLUDES
10.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
10.3 REFERENCES
10.4 GENERAL
10.5 SEEDBED PREPARATION
10.6 SEEDING
10.7 SEEDING DATES
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10.8 SOIL AMENDMENTS
10.9 MULCH
SECTION I 1 - SEDIMENT & EROSION CONTROL
11.1 SECTION INCLUDES
11.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
11.3 REFERENCES
11.4 MATERIALS

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13 11.5 SILT FENCE 14
13 11.6 TEMPORARY SEEDING 14
14 SECTION 12 - SITE MAINTENANCE 15
14 12.1 SECTION INCLUDES 15
14 12.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 15
14 12.3 EXECUTION 15
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SECTION I - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1 SECTION INCLUDES
General requirements and information related to the work including,
summary of work.
1.2 SUMMARY OF WORK
The Macon County Stream Repairs and Bank Stabilization project
consists of the earthwork construction of repaired and stabilized
channel banks, in-channel structure installation, toe stabilization,
and/or planting of the repaired channel banks and surrounding buffer
area. Refer to the Construction Drawings and to these Specifications
for project details.
1.3 WORKFORCE EXPERIENCE
The Contractor is required to have the appropriately experienced
personnel on-site to operate equipment and insure that the construction
sequence and installation procedures are followed as determined by the
Engineer. Contractor personnel should be familiar with stream repair
and bank stabilization techniques and the correct method of installing
in-stream structures (i.e. rock cross-vanes).
1.4 SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
The Contractor is required to have at a minimum two excavators with
hydraulic thumbs during the entire course of construction unless
otherwise approved by the Engineer. The hydraulic excavators must be
of sufficient size to lift, manipulate, and install boulders larger than 5-
foot by 4-foot by 3-foot (a maximum of 6 tons).
1.5 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
All measurement and payment for services performed shall be as
indicated in the PROJECT AGREEMENT. As such, they are not
defined in these technical Specifications.
END OF SECTION
SECTION 2 - TEMPORARY FACILITIES
2.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Required temporary facilities including site access, temporary sanitary
facilities, barriers, traffic control, construction staging area, Contractor
coordination, protection of existing facilities and installed work,
erosion control measures, and general site cleaning.
2.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT AGREEMENT
2.3 TEMPORARY SANITARY FACILITIES
Provide and maintain required sanitary facilities and enclosures. No
permanent sanitary facilities exist at the project site.
2.4 BARRIERS
Provide barriers to prevent unauthorized entry to construction areas, to
allow for Owner and Engineer access to site, and to protect existing
structures and adjacent properties from damage due to construction
operations.
2.5 TRAFFIC CONTROL
Provide traffic control as required to protect the public safety.
Conform to all requirements of State, County, City, or local laws and
requirements for traffic control. Conformance with Contract
Documents does not relieve the Contractor from responsibility for
public safety. Construction operations may be underway on adjoining
portions of the site.
2.6 STAGING AREA
The Owner will designate an area for staging of Contractor's
equipment and construction materials for the duration of construction.
This area shall be maintained so as to provide a sightly appearance and
a safe working environment. No other area shall be used for this
purpose without the approval of the Owner.
Storage of oil or fuel shall be confined to the construction staging area.
Refueling of all vehicles and equipment shall occur only in the staging
area. Refueling of non-mobile equipment located outside of the staging
area will be allowed with Owner approval. No refueling shall occur
within fifty feet of the channel or any other surface water or wetland.
The Contractor shall take appropriate measures to ensure safe fueling
procedures are followed.
Contractor shall provide appropriate spill prevention measures. The
Contractor shall provide a spill containment plan for both the staging
area and the construction area. The plan shall include prevention,
containment, and control of fuel or oil spillage from equipment storage,
refueling, maintenance, and operation on-site. The plan shall address
both mobile and non-mobile equipment used during construction.
Emergency spill cleanup equipment for oil and fuel spills shall be
stored on-site. The Contractor shall notify the Owner and all
applicable agencies within 24 hours of any spill.
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 1 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005

2.7 COORDINATION WITH OWNER AND OTHER
CONTRACTORS
Perform coordination with Owner and schedule work to ensure limited
disruption of daily operations. Obtain approval from Owner prior to
the disruption of any access to site utilities, structures, or locations.
Coordinate the disruption of any utility services without regard to
duration. Provide continuous representation/point of contact for
Owner during all site activities. Only access points approved by the
Owner shall be used during construction.
2.8 PROTECTION OF EXISTING FACILITIES, STRUCTURES,
AND SERVICES
The project vicinity, including existing access routes, will continue to
be used for daily operations by the Owner and by others throughout the
duration of the construction. The Contractor shall protect existing
facilities, structures, and services throughout the duration of
construction and provide special protection where specified in
individual specification sections. Provide temporary and removable
protection for existing structures and services.
Control activity in immediate vicinity of facilities, structures, and
services to prevent damage. Any facility, structure, or services
'disturbed or damaged, either intentionally or unintentionally, shat
removed and reinstalled or repaired to the Owner's satisfaction.
Repairs to or replacement of facilities, structures, or services shal
performed at the expense of the Contractor. Repairs and/or
replacement shall occur without additional cost to the Owner.
2.9 PROTECTION OF INSTALLED WORK
Protect installed work and provide special protection where speci
individual specification sections. Provide temporary and removab
protection for installed work and products. Control activity in
immediate work area to prevent damage. Any installed work distu
or damaged, shall be removed and reinstalled or repaired to the
Engineer's satisfaction. Repairs to or replacement of installed wo
shall be performed at the expense of the Contractor. Repairs and
replacement shall occur without additional cost to the Owner.
2.10 PROGRESS CLEANING AND WASTE REMOVAL
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Maintain areas free of waste materials, debris, and rubbish. Maintain
site in a clean and orderly condition. Collect and remove waste
materials, debris, and rubbish from site daily and dispose off site.
Remove temporary utilities, equipment, facilities, and materials prior to
Final Application for Payment inspection. Restore existing facilities
used during construction to original condition.
2.11 EROSION CONTROL
Contractor shall be responsible for preventing erosion on the site and
sedimentation off the site. Methods shall be employed as
recommended in the North Carolina Erosion and Sediment Control
Planning and Design Manual, latest edition.
L
2.12 FINAL CLEANING
Execute final cleaning prior to final project assessment. Clean site and
all installed work. Remove waste and surplus construction materials,
rubbish, and construction facilities from the site.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 2 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005

t SECTION 3 - QUALITY CONTROL
3.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Observation of construction operations and buffer and stream bank
planting.
3.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
i 3.3 REFERENCES
For products or workmanship specified by association, trade, or other
consensus, comply with requirements of the standard, except when
more rigid requirements are specified or are required by applicable
codes.
Conform to reference standard by date of issue on date of Contract
Documents, except where a specific date is established by code.
Section 6 (Filling, Backflling, and Compaction) of these
Specifications.
Section 8 (Stream Bank Planting) of these Specifications.
Section 9 (Wetland and Buffer Planting) of these Specifications.

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3.4 CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION
The Owner has engaged the Engineer to observe construction
operations as required in these Specifications. Reports (either verbal or
written) shall be submitted concurrently to the Owner and Contractor,
indicating observations and indicating compliance or non-compliance
with Contract Documents.
Observation of construction operations does not relieve Contractor of
obligation to perform work to contract requirements. The Contractor
shall allow observation personnel access to materials and the
construction-site as required.
3.5 PLANTING OBSERVATION
The Owner has engaged the Engineer to observe stream bank and
buffer planting as required in these Specifications. Reports will be
submitted concurrently to the Owner and Contractor, indicating
observations and indicating compliance or non-compliance with
Contract Documents.
Observation of planting operations does not relieve Contractor of
obligation to perform work to contract requirements. The Contractor
shall allow observation personnel access to materials (see stream bank
plantings specified in Section 8) and the construction-site as required.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 3 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005

i

SECTION 4 - SITE PREPARATION
4.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Site preparation shall consist of utility location and protection, clearing,
grubbing and stripping of the work area, and construction of any
required temporary construction access routes and temporary sediment
and erosion control measures.
4.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
4.3 UTILITY LOCATION AND PROTECTION
The Contractor shall locate all existing utilities and mark them for
identification. Contractor shall provide means for protecting utilities
from any damage during site work. Repair of damaged utilities shall be
at the Contractor's expense. Coordination should be made with Owner
to locate and mark site specific utilities. NC ONE CALL (1-800-632-
4949)
4.4 SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION CONTROL
I,
Contractor shall be responsible for preventing erosion on the site and
sedimentation off the site. Methods shall be employed as
recommended in the North Carolina Erosion and Sediment Control
Planning and Design Manual, latest edition.
The Contractor shall control sedimentation runoff with methods
approved by the Engineer during the course of construction of this
Project. Depending on the magnitude of the clearing and grubbing
associated with the project, an Erosion Control Plan may be required
Temporary erosion and sediment control measures shall be installed as
described in Section I 1 (Sediment & Erosion Control). The Contractor
shall conform to all the rules, regulations, laws, and ordinances of the
State of North Carolina, and of all other authorities having jurisdiction.
4.5 CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT
The construction layout may include, but will not necessarily be limited
to, channel disturbance limits, earthwork limits, and appropriate
grading values. The Contractor is responsible for the construction
surveying and layout. The Contractor is required to have a laser level
or other equivalent equipment available on-site during the entire period
of construction.
4.6 CLEARING, GRUBBING, AND STRIPPING
Conform to applicable codes for environmental requirements, disposal
of debris, and erosion and sedimentation control as described above.
Coordinate clearing work with utility owners and operators as
described above. Establish a schedule for daily removal of debris from
the site. Debris may not be stockpiled on-site. Clear areas required for
access to site and execution of work. Remove trees, stumps, other
wood, metal, or rubble debris within work areas unless otherwise
directed by Engineer.
Remove stumps, main root ball, and all roots with a diameter greater
than 2 inches. Leave area in a clean and neat condition. Grade site
surface daily to control the direction of channelized flow and prevent
free standing surface water.
In areas where bank repairs will be implemented, the existing top six
inches of soil should be removed and stockpiled prior to excavation,
construction, or reconstruction efforts.
4.7 DEWATERING
Comply with all rules, regulations, laws, and ordinances of the State of
North Carolina, and of all other authorities having jurisdiction.
Provide, without additional cost to the Owner, all labor, materials,
equipment, and services necessary to make the work comply with such
requirements. Install all barriers, erosion and sedimentation control
devices, silt fences, and other measures as required to prevent off-site
sedimentation.
Grade and ditch the site as necessary to direct surface runoff away from
open excavations and subgrade surfaces. All water drained from the
Work shall be disposed of in a manner that will not result in undue
interference with other work or damage adjacent properties, other
surfaces, structures, and utilities. All water due to the dewatering
operation shall be legally disposed of in accordance with all applicable
State and federal regulations and other applicable regulations.
Under no circumstances shall fill be placed in excavations containing
standing water without approval of the Engineer.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 4 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005
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SECTION 5 - EXCAVATION
5.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to excavate for channel
restoration without damage or interruption of utility service.
5.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
5.3 REFERENCES
Occupational Safety and Health Administration - Construction
Standards for Excavations, 29 CFR Part 1926.650-.652.
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
5.4 PREPARATION
Locate, identify, and protect utilities from damage as described in
Section 4.3. Notify utility companies and coordinate for and/or install
protection of utilities.
5.5 EXCAVATING
Protect all utilities and structures that may be damaged by excavating
work.
In areas where stream and floodplain grading will be implemented, the
existing top six inches of soil should be removed and stored prior to
construction or reconstruction efforts.
Perform Work in accordance with Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) - Construction Standards for Excavations, 29
CFR Part 1926.650-.652. Provide trench and excavation protection as
required. Slope banks with machine to stabilize the slope or flatten it
until shored. Grade top perimeter of excavation to prevent surface
water from draining into excavation. Where required to protect
utilities, perform excavation by hand.
Remove subsoil, boulders, and rock as directed by the Engineer.
Notify Engineer if subsurface conditions require excavation of larger
subsoil, boulders, and rock, and discontinue Work. Engineer may
direct adjustment in construction elevations. Adjustment of elevations
shall not be a basis for additional payment.
Correct areas over excavated in accordance with Section 6 (Filling,
Backfilling, and Compaction) and as shown in the Construction
Drawings. Stockpile select excavated material on-site for re-use in
backfill. Stockpile location shall be subject to Owner approval.
5.6 PLANTING PREPARATION
In areas where buffer planting will be implemented, the stockpiled
topsoil and/or off-site topsoil (as required), should be distributed in
preparation for restoration planting operations as described in
SECTION 7 (Channel Protective Linings and In-stream Structures) of
these Specifications. The Contractor is ultimately responsible for
establishing a suitable planting medium with a minimum depth of four
(4) inches.
All areas where topsoil is distributed shall be disked or harrowed to
ensure soil aeration and to increase the surface roughness prior to
planting.
5.7 TOLERANCES
Top surface of channel protective lining (where applicable): Plus or
minus one inch from required elevations.
Top surface of fill, backfill, and topsoil: Plus or minus one inch from
required elevations.
END OF SECTION
i Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 5 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005

SECTION 6 - FILLING, BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION place. Backfill with ordinary fill material and compact to density equal
to or greater than requirements for subsequent fill material.

6.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to perform filling,
backfilling, and compaction necessary for construction of repaired
channel banks, and other site work as shown on the Drawings without
damage or interruption of utility service.
Replacement of removed topsoil shall be as described in SECTION 5.6
(Planting Preparation) of these Specifications.
6.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
6.3 REFERENCES
ASTM D698 - Test Methods for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils
and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures, Using 5.5 lb. Rammer and 12-inch Drop.
ASTM D1556 - Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the
Sand-Cone Method.
'ASTM D2922 - Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate
in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).
6.6 BACKFILLING, FILLING, AND SURFACE PREPARATION
Backfill areas to contours and elevations with unfrozen materials. Do
not backfill over porous, frozen, or spongy subgrade surfaces. Employ
a placement method that does not disturb or damage other work.
Make gradual grade changes. Blend slope into level areas. Place
backfill and fill in loose level lifts not to exceed six inches in thickness
before compaction.
Earth fill in repaired channel banks and other structures shall be placed
so as to meet the following additional requirements:
a. The distribution of materials throughout each zone shall be
essentially uniform and the fill shall be free from lenses, pockets,
streaks, or layers of material differing substantially in texture or
gradation from the surrounding materials.
b. Backfill areas to contours and elevations with unfrozen materials.
Do not backfill over porous, frozen, or spongy subgrade surfaces.
Employ a placement method that does not disturb or damage other
work. Place backfill and fill in loose level lifts not to exceed six
inches in thickness before compaction. Make gradual grade
changes. Blend slope into level areas.
11

ASTM D3017 - Test Methods for Water Content of Soil and Rock in
Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).
ASTM D2487 - Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes.
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
6.4 FILL MATERIALS
Soil excavated during construction and stockpiled may be re-used as
fill provided that it can be conditioned and compacted as specified.
Supplement or replace excavated soils with channel bed material or
ordinary fill as shown on the Drawings and as needed to complete
work. Fill for Lower Bank Zone shall consist of channel bed material
from an approved borrow source. Ordinary fill for Mid-Bank and
Upper Bank Zones shall be any soil classified as SM, SC, SP-SM, SP-
SC, SC-SM, SP, or SW under ASTM D2487 unless otherwise directed
by the Engineer.
If soil excavated during cut operations is not re-used, it shall be
removed from the site to an appropriate disposal facility at no
additional charge to Owner. The Contractor shall be responsible for
the payment of all fees associated with transportation and disposal of
unusable materials.
Suitable borrow material may be available within the vicinity of the
project site but must be identified by the Contractor and approved by
the Engineer.
6.5 PREPARATION
Compact subgrade to density requirements for subsequent backfill
materials. Cut out soft areas of subgrade not capable of compaction in
c. If the surface of any layer becomes too hard and smooth for proper
bond with the succeeding layer, it shall be scarified parallel to the
axis of the fill to a depth of not less than 2 inches before the next
layer is placed.
d. The top surfaces of embankments shall be maintained
approximately level during construction, except that a crown or
cross-slope of not less than 2% shall be maintained to insure
effective drainage, and except as otherwise specified for drain fill
zones.
e. Repaired channel banks shall be constructed so that the slope of
the bonding surfaces between embankment in place and
embankment to be placed is not steeper than 1 foot horizontal to 1
foot vertical, unless otherwise specified on the Contract Drawings.
New embankment material shall be benched into existing slope as
shown on the plans. Short bench levels shall be formed to a slope
of 1 H:1 V or flatter, based on existing slope conditions as
determined by the Engineer at the time of construction, unless
otherwise specified on the Contract Drawings. Benching shall be
constructed in such a fashion as to inhibit the formation of
preferential planes of slope failure. The bonding surface of the
embankment in place shall be stripped of all loose material, and
shall be scarified, moistened and recompacted when the new fill is
placed against it as needed to insure a good bond with the new fill
and to obtain the specified moisture content and density in the
junction of the in-place and new fill. Any variation to this method
of tying new fill into the existing filled bank shall be determined
in the field at time of construction by the Engineer.
6.7 COMPACTION AND QUALITY CONTROL
For backfill operations, compaction shall be performed using tracked
equipment as directed by the Engineer. Compaction greater than that
provided by tracked equipment may be deemed necessary by the
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Engineer based on-site or soil conditions. Provide compaction as
directed by the Engineer. Lift thickness shall not exceed 6".
6.8 PROTECTION OF FINISHED WORK
Protect finished work. Reshape and re-compact fills subjected to
vehicular traffic or damaged by erosion.
6.9 TOLERANCES
Top surface of channel protection lining (where applicable): Plus or
minus one inch from required elevations.
Top surface of fill, backfill, and topsoil: Plus or minus one inch from
required elevations.
Top surface of floodplain (where applicable): Plus or minus one inch
from required elevations.
END OF SECTION
SECTION 7 - CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS AND IN-
STREAM STRUCTURES
7.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Temporary and permanent channel erosion protective linings and in-
stream rock structures.
7.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
7.3 REFERENCES
The following specifications and methods form a part of this
Specification:
ASTM C88 - Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by
Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
ASTM C127 - Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity and
Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
NCDOT - Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures.
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
7.4 GENERAL
A Channel Protective Lining has been selected along channel banks.
In-stream Structures will be installed to provide additional bank
protection where shown on the Drawings. Materials to be used in
Channel Protective Linings and the In-stream Structures are specified
in this section.
Channel erosion protection linings shall be constructed of the materials
specified in this section and as shown on the Drawings. Linings shall
be laid true to the grade shown on the Drawings. Linings shall make a
smooth interface with the surrounding grade. Any portion of the lining
which has its grade or surface disturbed after placement shall be
repaired. Any portion thereof already in place which is found to be
defective or damaged shall be repaired or replaced, as directed by the
Engineer, without additional cost to the Owner.
The in-stream structures shall be constructed of the materials specified
in this section and as shown on the Drawings. Any portion of the
structure which is disturbed after placement shall be repaired. Any
portion of the structure found to be defective or damaged shall be
repaired or replaced, as directed by the Engineer, without additional
cost to the Owner.
7.5 MATERIALS
Materials include excelsior and coin fiber matting manufactured
especially for erosion control, Eco-Stakes, wire staples, nonwoven
geotextile, boulders, channel bed material, NCDOT Coarse Aggregate
Size #57, NCDOT Class A Erosion Control Stone, NCDOT Class B
Erosion Control Stone, NCDOT Class 1 Rip Rap (RipRap), and
NCDOT Class 2 Rip Rap (RipRap).
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Matting for erosion control in areas other than stream banks with mild
slopes shall be excelsior matting. Excelsior matting shall consist of a
machine produced mat of curled wood excelsior that is a minimum of
47 inches in width. The mat shall weigh 0.975 pounds per square yard
with a tolerance of plus or minus 10 percent. At least 80 percent of the
individual excelsior fibers shall be 6 inches or more in length. The
excelsior fibers shall be evenly distributed over the entire area of the
blanket. One side of the excelsior matting shall be covered with an
extruded plastic mesh. The mesh size for the plastic shall be a
maximum of 1" x 1" square. Matting for erosion control shall not be
dyed, bleached, or otherwise treated in a manner that will result in
toxicity to vegetation. Other acceptable material manufactured
especially for erosion control may be used when approved by the
Engineer in writing before being used.
Erosion control matting for stream banks shall be CF 7 coir matting.
Matting shall be 100% coir fiber. Minimum Specifications for coir
matting as follows:
Weight 20.6 oz/yd2 (700 g/m2) ASTM-D3776
Thickness 6.34 mm
Water Velocity 10 ft/s
Grab/Elongation (Dry) I I5.8lbs/23.9% MD ASTM-D4594
54. l lbs/33.5% XD
Manning's n 0.0294
Max Shear Stress 4.46 ib/ftz
Nonwoven Geotextile: Geotextile shall be a nonwoven fabric with a
minimum weight of 12 ounces per square yard (ASTM D3776), a
minimum grab strength in either direction of 180 pounds (ASTM
D4632), a minimum puncture resistance of (ASTM D4833) of 85
pounds, and permeability of (ASTM D4491) greater than 0.2 cm/sec.
Fabric meeting these Specifications shall still be subject to approval or
rejection by the Engineer. At the time of installation, the fabric will be
rejected if it has defects, rips, holes, flaws, deterioration, or damage
incurred during the manufacture, transportation, or storage.
NCDOT Coarse Aggregate Size #57: Shall conform to gradation
requirements of Table 1005-1, NCDOT Specifications.
NCDOT Class A Erosion Control Stone: 2 to 6-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards
(No more than 5% of the material furnished can be less than the
minimum size specified, nor more than 10% of the material can exceed
the maximum size specified). Concrete rubble shall not be used.
NCDOT Class B Erosion Control Stone: 5 to 12-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards
(No more than 5% of the material furnished can be less than the
minimum size specified, nor more than 10% of the material can exceed
the maximum size specified). Concrete rubble shall not be used.
NCDOT Class I Rip Rap (RipRap): 5 to 17-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards.
The stone shall vary in weight from 5 to 200 pounds with 30%
weighing a minimum of 60 pounds each and 10% weighing a minimum
of 15 pounds each. (No more than 5% of the material fumished can be
less than the minimum size specified, nor can more than 10% of the
material exceed the maximum size specified). The rock fragments shall
be angular to subrounded in shape. Concrete rubble shall not be used.
NCDOT Class 2 Rip Rap (RipRap): 9 to 23-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards.
The stone shall vary in weight from 25 to 250 pounds and 60% shall
weigh a minimum of 100 pounds each. (No more than 5% of the
material furnished can be less than the minimum size specified, nor can
more than 10% of the material exceed the maximum size specified).
The rock fragments shall be angular to subrounded in shape. Concrete
rubble shall not be used.
Boulders (Toe Stabilization and Footer Rocks): Boulders of
approximate dimension 5' x 3' x 2' shall be individually picked by
Contractor from the quarry or the on-site stockpile for use in in-stream
structure construction. Boulders as small as 3' x 2' x 2' may be used;
however, they shall not constitute more than 30% of the total boulders.
Boulders shall be relatively flat on either side in the same dimension,
preferably the long dimension and must have smooth ends.
7.6 IN-STREAM STRUCTURES & TOE STABILIZATION
The work covered by this section consists of the construction of in-
stream structures including J-hooks, cross-vane structures, and rock toe
stabilization.
The quantity of in-stream structures and length of toe stabilization to be
constructed will be affected by actual conditions that occur during the
construction of the project. The type and quantity of structures may be
increased or decreased at the direction of the Engineer. Such variations
in quantity will not be considered as alterations in the details of
construction or a change of character of the work.
A tracked hydraulic excavator with a thumb of sufficient size to move
specified boulders is required for this item. Precise placement of
structures will be determined during construction by the Engineer and
may not reflect the construction Drawings. In-stream structures and toe
stabilization installed must be inspected and approved by the Engineer.
Excavation for the purpose of installation is incidental and is covered
by this line item.
The excavation of the subgrade and installation will be consecutive and
continuous. Once the installation procedure has been initiated, it will
be completed before the end of the workday. Any incidental/accidental
discharge of sediment accumulation as a result of the installation
procedure will be removed or integrated into the designed bedform.
Excavation shall terminate at bedrock if contacted prior to the design
grade. Bedrock will be excavated only if it is determined to be rippable
and necessary by the Engineer.
Install toe stabilization as shown on the Drawings and as directed by
the Engineer. Grade area where toe stabilization is to be constructed.
Surface shall be free of obstructions, debris, and pockets of soft or low
density material. Unless otherwise directed by the Engineer, the stone
shall be placed on the slope and/or angle as indicated on the plans. The
stone shall be graded so that the smaller stones are uniformly
distributed throughout the mass. The Contractor may place the stone
by mechanical methods provided that when the work is completed, it
forms a properly graded, dense, neat layer of stone.
Place J-hooks and cross-vanes as shown on the Drawings. Footer rocks
shall be installed to define shape of in-stream rock structures. Footer
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rocks shall be installed such that their long dimension is oriented in the
direction of flow. No gaps shall be left between footer rocks except at
the hook of the J-hook. Minimum footer rock depth below the
proposed ground surface of the stream bed shall be 4 feet unless
bedrock is encountered. Rock sills shall extend a minimum of 3 feet
beyond bankfull (perpendicular to stream flow) as indicated on plans.
Geotextile shall be placed over structures and backfilled with aggregate
as shown on plans.
7.7 CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS
Grade the area to be lined. Surface shall be free of obstructions, debris,
and pockets of soft or low density material. The rock weir structures
shall be completed prior to installation of the channel protective
linings.
Cover area with all available on-site stockpiled topsoil to a preferred
minimum depth of 4 inches. Final grade with topsoil shall be as shown
on Drawings. Topsoil shall be prepared with fertilizer and lime, and
seeded as described in Section 10 (Permanent Seeding) of these
Specifications. The Contractor is ultimately responsible for
establishing a suitable planting medium with a minimum depth of six
(6) inches.
Install CF-7 erosion control matting perpendicular to the axis of the
stream. The matting shall be laid smooth and free from tension, stress,
folds, wrinkles and creases. Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of
12 inches with the upper matting overlapping the lower matting.
Vertical overlaps in matting shall be a minimum of 12 inches with the
upstream matting overlapping the downstream matting.
The top (crest) edge of the matting shall be anchored in a trench at least
12 inches deep, as shown on the Construction Drawings, to prevent
undercutting of the matting. The trench should be located a minimum
of 12 inches from the top of bank, and shall not alter channel or
floodplain grade. Matting trench and Eco-Stakes shall be installed as
shown on Drawings. Matting shall be anchored utilizing Eco-stakes
brand stakes installed not more than 3 feet apart (3' on centers) and
staggered, with a minimum of 3 stakes per square yard of matting over
the entire lined area. 24-inch Eco-stakes shall be used along the toe
of the channel and 12-inch stakes shall be used within the field and top
edge of the matting as detailed on the Construction Drawings. Along
all laps (both vertical and horizontal) in the matting, install a common
row of staples at the seam, installing staples on I foot (12 inch) centers.
Along the toe, 24 inch Eco-Stakes shall be spaced not more than 2
feet All stakes shall be driven perpendicular to the axis of the stream as
shown on Drawings. Care shall be taken to avoid damage to matting
material.
In the event that the matting is displaced or damaged during
installation, the matting shall be repositioned or replaced. This will be
done at no additional cost to the Owner.
7.8 SLOPE PROTECTION
Grade area to be lined. Surface shall be free of obstructions, debris,
and pockets of soft or low density material.
Cover area with all available on-site stockpiled topsoil to a preferred
minimum depth of 4 inches. Final grade with topsoil shall be as shown
on Drawings. Topsoil shall be prepared with fertilizer and lime, and
seeded as described in Section 10 (Permanent Seeding) of these
Specifications. The Contractor is ultimately responsible for
establishing a suitable planting medium with a minimum depth of four
(4) inches.
Install excelsior matting perpendicular to slope. Matting shall be
unrolled with netting material on top and blanket material in contact
with the soil. (Note: some excelsior matting has netting on both sides.)
The matting shall be laid smooth and free from tension, stress, folds,
wrinkles and creases. Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of 12
inches with the upper matting overlapping the lower matting. Vertical
overlaps in matting shall be a minimum of 12 inches.
The top (crest) and bottom (toe) edges of the matting shall be anchored
in trench at least 12 inches deep as shown on Drawings to prevent
undercutting of the matting. Matting trench and wire staples shall be
constructed and installed as shown on Drawings. Wire staples shall be
installed not more than 3 feet apart (3' on centers) and staggered, with a
minimum of 3 stakes per square yard of matting over the entire lined
area. Staples shall be driven perpendicular to the soil surface. Staples
shall be driven flush with soil surface to reduce potential for movement
of the erosion control matting. Staples shall be installed in parallel
rows on 3' centers and in trenches at the top and bottom of the slope as
shown on Drawings. Along all laps (both vertical and horizontal) in
the matting, install a common row of staples at the seam, installing
staples on Ifoot (12 inch) centers. All standard anchoring staples shall
be 18 inches in length. Staples shall be driven in with a wooden
mallet. Care shall be taken to avoid damage to matting material.
In the event that the matting is displaced or damaged during
installation, the matting shall be repositioned or replaced. This will be
done at no additional cost to the Owner.
END OF SECTION
' Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 9 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005

SECTION 8 - STREAM BANK PLANTING 8.6 PLANT SUBSTITUTION
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8.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to implement stream bank
planting plan.
8.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
8.3 REFERENCES
No change in the specified plants (species, variety, size, caliper,
furnish, etc.) will be made without written approval of the Engineer.
All requests by the Contractor for substitutions shall be presented in
writing and shall include a listing of the sources which have been
contacted in an attempt to secure the specified plant material. Requests
for substitutions shall include botanical name, common name, size,
caliper, and furnish description of the proposed substitute. No increase
in compensation will be made to the Contractor as a result of the use of
the approved substitute plants.

I

The following specifications and methods form a part of this
Specification:
NCDOT - Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures.
15 NCAC 213.200 - Classification of Water Quality Standards
Applicable to Surface Waters & Wetlands of North Carolina
American Standard for Nursery Stock, latest edition
NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
8.4 GENERAL
All plants shall be as called for by these Specifications and shown on
the Drawings. All plants delivered shall be true to name. Each plant,
or group of the same species, variety, and size of plant, shall be legibly
tagged with the name and size of the plant.
All plants shall be first-class representatives of their species. Stakes
shall be reasonably straight.
All plants shall be free from plant diseases and insect pests. All
shipments of plants shall comply with all nursery inspection and plant
quarantine regulations of the States of origin and destination, as well as
with Federal regulations governing interstate movement of stock. If
stock from other States is used, the stock shall be accompanied by a tag
or certificate stating, in effect, that the stock has been inspected and
certified by an authorized official of the State of origin as apparently
free from injurious plant pests.
All plants shall be subject to inspection at any time by the Engineer.
Any such inspection before or during planting operations, however
shall not be construed as final acceptance of the plants involved.
8.5 LIVE STAKES
Live stakes, if approved for use by the Engineer, shall consist of freshly
cut live plants of select stock which has been developed by proper
cultural treatment. Stakes and cuttings shall be 3/8" to 1/2" diameter
and between 12 and 18 inches long. They shall be carefully cut from
mother-stock plantings. Plant materials shall be packaged, transported,
and handled in a manner that will prevent injury, drying out, or
freezing.
8.7 PLANTING PREPARATION
In areas where stream restoration will be implemented, preparation for
restoration planting operations shall be as described in SECTION 7
(Channel Protective Linings) of these Specifications.
Where live stakes shall be planted, through the Channel Protective
Lining, holes shall be made by neatly punching a hole in the matting
with a dibble bar (a heavy metal tool with a blade and a foot petal).
The dimensions of the hole shall not exceed 3" in any direction and
shall not damage the surrounding matting.
8.8 STREAM BANK PLANTING
Where live stakes shall be planted, they shall be installed at a 45 to 60
degree angle in the direction of stream flow. The buds of stakes and
plant cuttings should point upward and about 2 inches of wood should
be exposed above the ground surface. Tamp the surrounding soil
firmly to eliminate air pockets.
Where stream bank planting is directed, areas shall be planted with
trees, using 10-foot by 10-foot centers as shown on the Construction
Drawings. Areas planted with shrubs will be on 12-foot by 12-foot
centers.
Care should be taken to avoid planting stakes too deep or too shallow,
and to avoid damage to stakes during planting. Planting depth should
be in accordance with listed references and supplier recommendations.
8.9 PLANTING PERIODS
The installation of live stakes, bare root, or container grown plants
shall be performed between October 15 and December 15, 2005.
However, planting can not begin until all stream repairs have been
completed. Live stake planting not completed until April 1-30, 2006.
8. 10 REMOVAL OF NUISANCE VEGETATION
Removal or control of nuisance vegetation shall be performed for a
period of 90 days as necessary to ensure adequate survival of specified
plant species.
8.11 WATER FOR PLANTINGS
The Contractor shall install a rain gage and collect daily gage readings
at the site. Contractor shall provide initial watering on the day of
planting and thereafter at a minimum rate of 1 inch per week (including
rainfall) for a period of 90 days. Water used in the planting or care of
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 10 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005

vegetation and plantings shall meet the requirements of Class C fresh
waters as defined in 15 NAC 213.200.
' 8.12 SUBMITTALS
Contractor shall submit purchase certificates (or other proof) of all
' species planted.
END OF SECTION

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SECTION 9 - BUFFER PLANTING
9.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to implement buffer planting
plan.
9.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
9.3 REFERENCES
American Standard for Nursery Stock, latest edition
NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual
15 NCAC 213.200 - Classification of Water Quality Standards
Applicable to Surface Waters & Wetlands of North Carolina
The following specifications and methods form a part of this
Specification:
NCDOT - Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures.
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
9.4 GENERAL
All plants shall be as called for by these Specifications. Bare rooted
plants may be used in lieu of container grown plants provided written
approval for such use has been obtained from the Engineer. Grading of
plants, type and minimum dimensions of containers shall conform to
the Specifications contained in the latest edition of American Standard
for Nursery Stock. Plants shall not be cut back from larger sizes to
meet sizes called for on the Drawings. All plants delivered shall be
true to name. Each plant, or group of the same species, variety, and
size of plant, shall be legibly tagged with the name and size of the
plant.
All plants shall be first-class representatives of their species. The root
system shall be vigorous and well-developed. The branch systems shall
be of normal development, and free from disfiguring knots, sun scald
injuries, abrasions of the bark, dead or dry wood, broken terminal
growth, or other objectionable disfigurements. Trees shall have
reasonably straight stems, and shall be well branched and symmetrical
in accordance with their natural habits of growth.
All plants shall be free from plant diseases and insect pests. All
shipments of plants shall comply with all nursery inspection and plant
quarantine regulations of the States of origin and destination, as well as
with Federal regulations governing interstate movement of nursery
stock. If nursery stock from other States is used, the stock shall be
accompanied by a tag or certificate stating, in effect, that the nursery
stock has been inspected and certified by an authorized official of the
State of origin as apparently free from injurious plant pests.
All plants shall be subject to inspection at any time by the Owner,
' Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page I 1 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005

Engineer, or a party to be named by the Owner. Any such inspection
before or during planting operations, however shall not be construed as
final acceptance of the plants involved.
9.11 WATER FOR PLANTINGS
9.5 CONTAINER GROWN PLANTS
Container grown plants shall be healthy, vigorous, well-rooted, and
shall have become established in the container in which they are
delivered. These plants shall have been in the established container
long enough for the fibrous roots to have developed so that the root
mass will retain its shape and hold together when removed from the
container. The container shall be a 1 gallon container or larger,
sufficiently rigid to firmly hold the soil protecting the root during
transporting, handling, and planting, and the soil shall not be allowed
to become frozen.
The Contractor shall install a rain gage and collect daily gage readings
at the site. Contractor shall provide initial watering on the day of
planting and thereafter at a minimum rate of I " per week (including
rainfall) for a period of 90 days. Water used in the planting or care of
vegetation and plantings shall meet the requirements of Class C fresh
waters as defined in 15 NAC 2B.200.
9.12 SUBMITTALS
Contractor shall submit purchase certificates (or other proof) of all
species planted.
9.6 BARE ROOT PLANTS
Bare root plants, if approved for use by the Engineer, shall have a
heavy fibrous root system which has been developed by proper cultural
treatment. They shall be dug, packaged, transported, and handled in a
manner that will prevent injury to or drying out of the trunks, branches,
or roots, or freezing of the roots.
'93 PLANT SUBSTITUTION
' No change in the specified plants (species, variety, size, caliper,
furnish, etc.) will be made without written approval of the Engineer.
All requests by the Contractor for substitutions shall be presented in
' writing and shall include a listing of the sources which have been
contacted in an attempt to secure the specified plant material. Requests
for substitutions shall include botanical name, common name, size,
caliper, and furnish description of the proposed substitute. No increase
in compensation will be made to the Contractor as a result of the use of
the approved substitute plants.
9.8 PLANTING PREPARATION
' In areas where wetland and buffer planting will be implemented,
preparation for planting operations shall be as described in SECTION
5.6 (Planting Preparation) of these Specifications.
Where container grown plants will be planted, holes made in
preparation for tree and shrub species planting shall be as shown on the
' Construction Drawings.
Bare root plants and container-grown plants shall be planted in holes
made by neatly punching a hole through slope protection matting and
' into existing grade with a dibble bar (a heavy metal tool with a blade
and a foot petal). The dimensions of the hole shall not exceed 3" in any
direction.
9.9 PLANTING PERIODS
The installation of bare root and container grown plants shall be
performed between October 15 and December 15, 2005. However,
planting can not begin until all stream repairs have been completed.
9.10 REMOVAL OF NUISANCE VEGETATION
' Removal or control of nuisance vegetation shall be performed for a
period of 90 days as necessary to ensure adequate survival of specified
plant species.
END OF SECTION
' Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 12 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005

SECTION 10 - PERMANENT SEEDING
10.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Permanent seeding for permanent site stabilization.
' 10.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
' 10.3 REFERENCES
The following specifications and methods form a part of this
Specification:
' NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
' 10.4 GENERAL
Permanent seeding shall be executed in temporary lined areas and all
other areas which are disturbed during construction activities. In areas
where Channel Protective Lining will be installed, seedbed preparation
and seeding shall be performed prior to the placement of erosion
control matting (See SECTION 7 - Channel Protective Linings).
' 10.5 SEEDBED PREPARATION
Complete grading before topsoiling or preparing seedbeds. Avoid
creating steep slopes. Excess stockpiled topsoil not used in
construction of Channel Protective Lining shall be redistributed across
areas to be seeded. Where topsoil is unavailable, topsoil shall be
imported.
The topsoil should be spread to a uniform depth of six inches and
bonded to the subsoil by loosening with a disc, harrow, or chisel plow.
Areas where seeding will occur on exposed finished grade shall be
disked or harrowed to ensure soil aeration and to increase the surface
roughness prior to planting.
areas where Channel Protective Lining will be installed, no mulch shall
be used and erosion control matting shall be placed within 24 hours of
seeding. Apply mulch at the rates indicated below. The native species
herbaceous seeding mixtures indicated below will be applied at a rate
of %3 pound per 1000 square feet and will be mixed with the appropriate
amount of rye or millet.
Native Species Herbaceous Seeding Mixture:
In the Lower Bank Zone:
Species
Scarlet Beebalm
Jewelweed
Common Rush
Forget-me-not
Sedge
Elderberry
(Monarda didyma)
(Impatiens capensis)
(Juncus effuses)
(Myosotis scorpioides)
(Carex sp.)
(Sambucus canadensis)
All other disturbed areas:
Species
Queen Anne's Lace (Daucus carota)
Red Clover (Trifoium pratense)
Narrowleaf Plantain (Plantago lanceolata)
Clasping Venus' Looking-glass
(Specularia perfoliata)
Common Plantain (Plantago major)
Native Grasses
Grass Seeding
Type Dates Possible
Annual Rye Aug. 15 - May 1
German Millet Mayl - Aug 15
Rate
60 lbs./ac.
40 lbs./ac.
Mulch Rate (7bs/1000 sg.ft.)
Grain Straw 70
10.7 SEEDING DATES
Seeding dates given in these Seeding Specifications have the best
probability of success.
Best Possible
Late winter 15 Feb-15 Mar 1 Dec-15 Mar
Late Fall 1 Sept-30 Sept 1 Oct-30 Nov
Apply lime and fertilizer evenly across seedbed and work into the top
4-6 inches of soil by discing or other suitable means. Operate
machinery on the contour.
i
Rework the surface if soil becomes compacted or crusted prior to
seeding. Complete seedbed preparation by breaking up large clods and
raking into a smooth, uniform surface. Fill in or level depressions that
can collect water.
10.6 SEEDING
Apply permanent seeding to seedbed after preparation is complete. Use
' certified seed for permanent seeding whenever possible. Certified seed
is inspected by the North Carolina Crop Improvement Association. It
meets published North Carolina Standards and should bear an official
"Certified Seed" label. Broadcast seed into a freshly loosened seedbed
' that has not been settled by rainfall. Mulch must be used on slopes
4H:1 V or steeper and in areas when concentrated water may flow.
Anchor mulch with netting in areas subject to concentrated flow. In
ri

Seeding shall be completed within the "possible" range of dates.
10.8 SOIL AMENDMENTS
Apply lime and fertilizer according to soil tests, or apply 2 tonslacre
(4,000 lb/acre) ground agricultural limestone and 1,000 lb/acre 5-10-10
fertilizer, or as directed by the Engineer.
10.9 MULCH
Apply grain straw, or equivalent cover of another suitable mulching
material as described above. Anchor mulch by roving or netting.
Netting shall be used on slopes steeper than 2H:1 V.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization
Macon County Stream Repairs
Page 13
Technical Specifications
September 2005

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SECTION 12 - SITE MAINTENANCE
12.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Site maintenance to ensure vigorous vegetative cover, stable channel
lining, and durability of the work.
12.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
12.3 EXECUTION
Contractor shall revisit the site as to inspect the condition of the project
site. Areas of erosion, settlement, poor vegetative cover, and displaced
coir or excelsior materials or in-stream structures, shall be repaired.
Site visits shall be coordinated with Owner.
Erosion areas shall be filled and reseeded in accordance with Section
10 - Permanent Seeding. Areas of poor vegetative cover shall be
reseeded and refertilized only.
Displaced, damaged, or dead shrub species shall be removed, and
replanted in accordance with Sections 8 & 9 - Stream Bank Planting
2nd Buffer Planting.
Displaced channel lining materials shall be recovered (if possible) and
replaced, or replaced with new channel lining materials to the design
line and grade.
END OF SECTION
r
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 15 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs September 2005

ENDANGERED SPECIES SURVEY ON
PEEKS CREEK,
MACON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared for:
Department of Agriculture
Natural Resource and Conservation Service
Macon County
Franklin, North Carolina
Prepared by:
Pamela M. Boaze, Senior Biologist
Fish and Wildlife Associates, Inc.
P. O. Box 241
Whittier, NC 28789
September 19, 2005

ENDANGERED SPECIES SURVEY ON
PEEKS CREEK,
MACON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
INTRODUCTION
The Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource and Conservation Service is
proposing, using Emergency Watershed Protection funds, to repair damage done to Peeks
Creeks (Macon County, NC) as a result of flooding from on September 16, 2004. The
work will take place in the area shown in Figure 1. Plans call for streambank
stabilization, channel relocation, and revegetating the area along a 4650 foot section of
the stream. A review of data supplied by North Carolina Natural Heritage Database has
been documented that 47 species of federally listed endangered, threatened or species of
concern occur in Macon County, NC (Attachment 1).
METHODS
On September 7, 2005, Pam Boaze, Senior Biologist with Fish and Wildlife Associates,
Inc. surveyed the Peeks Creek area as shown in Figure 1 to determine if any of the
federally listed endangered, threatened, or species of concern or their habit are present
within the area of Peeks Creek that will under go restoration. The survey consisted of a
search along the riparian zone of the stream and an examination of the stream riffles,
pools, and banks throughout the entire project area.
RESULTS
Following an inspection of the area of Peeks Creek that will be subject to restoration, it is
the opinion of this Biologist that this project will not impact any of the federally listed
endangered, threatened, or species of concern or their habit. The devastation that
occurred on Peeks Creek within the project area was such that the biological community
and the riparian zone of this stream was completely lost. Figure 2 shows a representative
segment of Peeks Creek showing the devastation along the banks and the stream channel.

RECOMMENDATIONS
Therefore, it is my biological opinion that this project will NOT EFFECT any of
i
the federally listed endangered, threatened, or species of concern or their habitat of the
are listed for Macon County, NC and that no further work be carried out searching for
these species.
Ila
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Dills Knob
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nd-
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CUUa
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1
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o ?O God a>a Gold Mine f ,yr
10.
CEM
5* W
?. ?Zfr? - Pct +?\ ; '
Name: SCALY MT Location: 035° 07' 18.9" N 083° 17' 30.85" W
Date: 9/19/2005 Caption: Figure 1. Location of EWP project area on Peeks Creek, Macon
Scale: 1 inch equals 1600 feet County, NC.
Copyright (C) 1998, Maptech, Inc

. x
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Figure 2. Peeks Creek, upstream of Dills home place, Franklin, Macon County, NC.

I I

C

' Attachment 1
List of Threatened, Endangered, and Species of Concern for Macon County

NC Natural Heritage Program, September 2005

NC NHP County Element Search
Pagel of 8
NC NHP County Element Search Results
New Search
Returned Elements: 214 using: MACON ALL
[Invertebrate Animal 42] [Natural Community 27] [Nonvascular Plant 39] [Vascular Plant 71] [Vertebrate Animal
35]
'
i
n Name
C
State
Federal
State
Global -
County
Map -
or Group Scientific Name
Ma ommo Status Status Rank Rank Status Habitat
Invertebrate
Alasmidonta raveneliana
Appalachian Elktoe
E
E
S1
G1 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Alasmidonta varicosa
Brook Floater
E
FSC
S1
G3 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Alasmidonta viridis
Slippershell Mussel
E
None
S1
G4G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
' Invertebrate
Autochfon cellus
Golden Banded-Skipper
SR
None
S1S2
G4 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Cambarus chaugaensis
Oconee Stream Crayfish
SC
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Current
Link
' Animal
Invertebrate Cambarus
georgiae Little Tennessee River SC None S2S3 G1 Macon -
Current Link
Animal Crayfish
Invertebrate
Celastrina nigra
Dusky Azure
SR
None
S2.
G4 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Chlosyne gorgone
Gorgone Checkerspot
SR
None
Si .
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
' Invertebrate
Etliptio dilafata
Spike
SC
None
S1
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Erora laeta
Early Hairstreak
SR
None
S2S3
G3G4 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
' Invertebrate
Erynnis martialis
Mottled Duskywing
SR
None
83
G3G4 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal
Invertebrate Eulonchus marialiciae Mary Alice's Small-headed SR None S1S3
G1G3 Macon -
Historic Link
Animal Fly
' Invertebrate
Euphydryas phaeton
Baltimore Checkerspot
SR
None
S2
G4 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Fusconaia bamesiana
Tennessee Pigtoe
E
None
S1
G2G3 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
' Invertebrate
Glyphyalinia junaluskana
Dark Glyph
SC
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Glyphyalinia pentadelphia
Pink Glyph
SC
None
S2
G2G3 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Hapfofrema kendeighi
Blue-footed Lancetooth
SC
None
S1S2
G1G2 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Helicodiscus bonamicus
Spiral Coil
SC
None
S1
G1 Macon -
Obscure
Link
' Animal
Invertebrate
Isoperia frisoni
A Stonefly
SR
None
S3
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Lampsilis fasciola
Wavy-rayed Lampmussel
SC
None
S1 Macon -
Current
Link
' Animal
Invertebrate
Macromia margarita
Mountain River Cruiser
SR
FSC
S2S3
G3 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Matrioptila jeanae
A Caddisfly
SR
None
S3
GNR Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Micrasema burksi
A Caddisfly
SR
None
S3
GNR Macon -
Current
Link
' Animal
' Invertebrate
Micrasema sprulesi
A Caddisfly
SR
None
S3
GNR Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Nesticus cooped Lost Nantahala Cave SR FSC S1 G1 Macon -
Current Link
Animal Spider
' Invertebrate
Paravitrea lamellidens
Lamellate Supercoil
SC
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal
' http://207.4.179.38/nhp/find-php 09/19/05
NC NHP County Element Search
Page 2 of 8
' Invertebrate
Paravitrea umbilicaris
Open Supercoil
SC
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal
Invertebrate Patera clarki clarki Dwarf Proud Globe SC None S2 G3T3 Macon -
Obscure Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Pegias tabula
Littlewing Pearlymussel
E
E
S1
G1 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Phyciodes batesii maconensis
Tawny Crescent
SR
FSC
S2
G4T2T3 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
' Invertebrate
Phyciodes incognitus
Mimic Crescent
None
None
SU
GNR Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Polygonia faunus smythi
Smyth's Green Comma
SR
None
S2
G5T3T4 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate Rhyacophila amicis A Caddisfly SR None S2 GNR Macon -
Current Link
Animal
Invertebrate Rh
hila mainensis
aco A Caddisfly SR None S2 GNR Macon - Link
p
y
Animal Current
' Invertebrate
Rhyacophila vibox
A Rhyacophilan Caddisfly
SR
None
S1S2
GNR Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Satyrium caryaevorum
Hickory Hairstreak
SR
None
S1?
G4 Macon -

Obscure
Link
Animal
Invertebrate Satyrium edwardsii
Animal Edwards' Hairstreak SR None S2? G4 CuMacon - rrent Link
Invertebrate Serratella
spiculosa Spiculose Serratellan SR None S1S2 G2 Macon -
C Link
' Animal Mayfly
urrent
Invertebrate
Skistodiaptomus carolinensis
Carolina Skistodiaptomus
SR
None
S1?
GNR Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
ena aphrodite cullasaja
e
S Cullasaja Aphrodite
SR
None
S1.
G5T1 Macon -
Ob
Link
y
p
Animal Fritillary scure
Invertebrate
ViUosa iris
Rainbow
SC
None
S1
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
' Invertebrate Zonitoides patuloides Appalachian Gloss SC None S2 G3 Macon -
Obscure Link
Animal
Natural
Acidic cove forest
None
None
None
S5
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Community
Natural Boulderfeld forest None None None S3 G3 Macon -
Obscure Link
Community
Natural
Canada hemlock forest
None
None
None
S5
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Community
' Natural Carolina hemlock bluff None None None S2 G2G3 Macon -
Current Link
Community
Natural
Chestnut oak forest
None
None
None
S5
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Community
Natural Floodplain pool None None None S2S3 G3? Macon -
Current Link
Community

' Natural
Heath bald
Community
None
None
None
S3
G4 Macon -
Current
Link
Natural High elevation granitic dome None None None S2 G2 Macon -
Current Link
Community
Natural
High elevation red oak forest
None
None
None
S5
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Community
Natural
High elevation rocky summit
None
None
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Current
Link
Community
Natural
High elevation seep
None
None
None
S2S3
G3 Macon -

Current Link
Community
Natural Low elevation rocky summit None None None S2 G2 Macon -
Current Link
Community
' Natural Low elevation seep None None None S3 G4? Macon -
Current Link
Community
Natural Montane alluvial forest None None None S1 G2? Macon -
Current Link
Community
Natural
Montane oak-hickory forest
None
None
None
S5
G5 Macon -

Current
Link
Community
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09/19/05
NC NHP County Element Search Page 3 of 8

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Natural Montane red cedar-hardwood None None None S1? GNR Macon - Link
Community woodland Current
Natural Montane white oak forest None None None S2? G2G3 Macon -
Current Link
Community
Natural Northern hardwood forest None None None S2?
G2? Macon - Link
Community (beech gap subtype) Current
Natural Northern hardwood forest (typic None None None S4 G5 Macon Link
Community subtype) Current
Natural Piedmont/mountain None None None S4 G5 Macon -
Current Link
Community semipermanent impoundment
Natural Pine-oak/heath None None None S4 G5 Macon -
Current Link
Community
Natural Rich cove forest None None None S4 G4 Macon -
Current Link
Community
Natural Rocky bar and shore None None None S5 G5 Macon -
Current Link
Community
Natural Southern appalachian bog None None None S1S2 G1 Macon -
G2T1T2 Current Link
Community (southern subtype)
Natural Spray cliff None None None S3 G2 CuMacon -
rrent
Link
Community
Natural Swamp forest-bog complex None None None S3
G2G3T2 Macon - Link
Community (typic subtype) Current
Natural
White pine forest
None
None
None
S2?
GNR Macon -
Current
Link
Community
Nonvascular
Acrobolbus ciliates
A Liverwort
SR-D
None
S1
G3? Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Aneura sharpii
A Liverwort
SR-T
None
S1
G1G2 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Bartramidula wilsonii
Dwarf Apple Moss
SR-D
None
S1
G4? Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Brachymenium andersonii
Anderson's Melon-moss
SR-L
FSC
SH
GH Macon -

Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Brachymenium systylium
Mexican Melon-moss
SR-D
None
S1
G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Bryoxiphium norvegicum Sword Moss SR-0 None S1 G5? Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Nonvascular Campylopus atrovirens var. Cliff Campylopus SR-D None S1 G4G5T4 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant cucullatifolius
Nonvascular Cephalozia macrostachya ssp.
A Liverwort
SR-T
None
S1
G4T1 Macon -
Historic
Link
' Plant australis
Nonvascular Cephaloziella spinicaulis A Liverwort SR-P None S1 G3G4 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Chiloscyphus appalachianus
A Liverwort
SR-T
FSC
S1
G1 G2Q Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Chiloscyphus muricatus
A Liverwort
SR-D
None
S1
GS Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Dichodontium pellucidum
A Moss
SR-P
None
S2
G4G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Ditrichum ambiguum Ambiguous Ditrichum SR-P None S1 G4? Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Nonvascular Drepanolejeunea appalachiana A Liverwort SR-L None S1 G2? Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Encalypta procera
Extinguisher Moss
SR-D
None
S1
G4G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Entodon compresses Flattened Entodon SR-P None S1 G4 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Entodon sullivantii
Sullivant's Entodon
SR-0
None
S2
G3G4 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Gymnodemta lineare
Rock Gnome Lichen
T
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Homalia trichomanoides
Lime Homalia
SR-P
None
S1
G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
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Nonvascular Hydrothyria venosa
Waterfan Lichen
SR-P
None
S3
G3G5
CuMacon - rrent
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Lejeunea blomquistii
A Liverwort
SR-L
None
S1
G1G2 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Macrocoma sullivantii
Sullivants Maned-moss
SR-D
None
S2
G3G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Melanelia stygia Alpine Camouflage Lichen SR-D None S1S2 G4G5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Nonvascular Plagiochila austinii A Liverwort SR-T None S1S2 G3 H sMacon - tonc Link
Plant
Nonvascular Plagiochila caduciloba A Liverwort SR-T None S1 G2 CuMacon - rrent Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Plagiochila echinata
A Liverwort
SR-L
None
S1
G2O Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Plagiochila sharpii
A Liverwort
SR-L
FSC
S2
G2G4 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Plagiochila sullivantii var.
A Liverwort
SR-T
FSC
S2
G2T2 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant sullivantii
Nonvascular Plagiochila virginica var.
A Liverwort
SR-T
FSC
S1
G3T2 Macon -

Historic
Link
Plant caroliniana
Nonvascular Pl
mnium carolinianum
i Carolina Star-moss
-L
SR
None
S2
G3 Macon - Link
o
ag
Plant (=Carolina Mnium) Historic
Nonvascular Porella wataugensis A Liverwort SR-L FSC S1 G1G20 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Radula sullivantii
A Liverwort
SR-L
None
S2
G3 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Radula voluta A Liverwort SR-D None S1 G3 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Schlotheimia lancifolia
Highlands Moss
T
None
S1
G2 Macon -

Current
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Sphagnum flavicomans
Peatmoss
SR-T
None
SH
G3 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Sphagnum squarrosum Squarrose Peatmoss SR-P None S1 G5 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Splachnum pennsylvanicum
Southern Dung Moss
SR-0
None
SH
G4? Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Taxiphyllum aiternans Japanese Yew-moss SR-0 None S1 G3? Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Usnea angulata
Old Man's Beard
SR-P
None
S1
G3G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Vascular Aconitum rechnatum Trailing Wolfsbane SR None S3 G3 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular
Adlumia fungosa
Climbing Fumitory
SR-P
None
S2
G4 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Vascular Amelanchier sanguinea Roundleaf Serviceberry SR-P None S2 G5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular Arisaema triphyllum ssp.
Bog Jack-in-the-pulpit
SR-P
None
S1
G5T4 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant stewardsonii
Vascular Botrychium lanceolatum var.
Lance-leaf Moonwort
SR-P
None
S1
G5T4 Macon -

Historic
Link
Plant angustisegmentum
Vascular Brachyelytrum septentrionale Northern Shorthusk SR-P None S3 G4G5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular Buckieya distichophylla Piratebush E FSC S2 G2 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular Calystegia catesbeiana ssp. Blue Ridge Bindweed
-T
SR
None
S3
G3T2T30 Macon -
Current Link
Plant sericata
Vascular
Carex biltmoreana
Biltmore Sedge
SR-L
None
S3
G3 Macon -

Current
Link
Plant
Vascular
Carex hitchcockiana
Hitchcock's Sedge
SR-P
None
S1
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Vascular Carex leptonervia A Wood Sedge SR-P None S2 G4 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
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NC NHP County Element Search Page 5 of 8
Vascular
Carex misera
Wretched Sedge
SR-L
None
S3
G3 Macon -

Current
Link
Plant
Vascular Carex purpurifera Purple Sedge SR-P None S2 G4? Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular Carex tetanica Rigid Sedge SR-P None S1 G4G5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular Carex woodii Wood's Sedge SR-P None S2 G4 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular Celastrus scandens American Bittersweet SR-P None S2? G5 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
Vascular
Chelone cuthbertii
Cuthbert's Turtlehead
SR-L
FSC
S3?
G3 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
' Vascular Dicentra eximia Bleeding Heart SR-P None S2 G4 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
Vascular
Plant Dodecatheon meadia var.
meadia
Eastern Shooting Star
SR-P
None
S2
G5T5 Macon -

Current
Link
Vascular Epilobium ciliatum Purpleleaf Willowherb SR-P None S2 G5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular
Euphorbia purpurea
Glade Spurge
SR-T
FSC
S2
G3 Macon -

Current
Link
Plant
Vascular
Eurybia mirabilis
Piedmont Aster
SR-T
FSC
S2
G2G3 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Vascular
Filipendula rubs
Queen-of-the-prairie
E
None
S1
G4G5 Macon -

Current
Link
' Plant
Vascular Frasera carohniensis Columbo SR-P None S2S3 G5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
' Vascular Gentianopsis crinita Fringed Gentian E-SC None S1 G5 Macon -
Obscure Link
Plant
Vascular Glyceria laxa Lax Mannagrass SR-P None S1 G5 H atone Link
Plant
' Vascular Grammitis nimbata West Inthan Dwarf E FSC S1 G4? Macon -
Current Link
t Pol od
Vascular
Helianthemum bicknellii
Plains Sunrose
SR-P
None
SH
G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
' Plant
Vascular lr
ot
d C
t
C SR-P None S2 G5 Macon - Link
Hexalectris spicata ora
o
res
e Current
Plant
Vascular Hierochloe odorata Holy Grass E None S1 G4G5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular
Houstonia longifolia var. g/abra
Granite Dome Bluet
SR-L
None
S2
G4G5T2Q Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Vascular Huperzia appalachiana Appalachian Fir-clubmoss SR-P None S2 G4G5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular Huperzia porophila Rock Fir-clubmoss SR-P None S2 G4 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
' Vascular

Plant
Hydrastis canadensis
Goldenseal
E-SC
None
S2
G4 Macon -

Current
Link
Vascular Hymenophyllum tayloriae Gorge Filmy Fern E FSC S1S2 G2 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular
Isotria medeoloides
Small Whorled Pogonia
E
T
S1
G2 Macon -

Historic
Link
' Plant
Vascular Juniperus communis var. Dwarf Juniper SR-D None S1 G5T5 Macon - Link
Plant depressa Current
' Vascular
Liatris aspera
Rough Blazing Star
SR-P
None
S1
G4G5 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Plant
Vascular Liatris microcephala Small-head Blazing Star SR-P None S1 G3G4 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
' Vascular Liatris turgida Shale-barren Blazing Star SR-T None S2 G3 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular
Lonicera canadensis
American Fly-honeysuckle
SR-P
None
S2
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
' Plant
Vascular
i
f
hi
Fraser's Loosestrife
E
FSC
S2
G2 Macon -
Link
raser
a
Lysimac Current
Plant
' http://207.4.179.38/nhp/find.php 09/19/05
NC NHP County Element Search Page 6 of 8
' Vascular Marshal/ia trinervia Broadleaf Barbara's SR
-P
None
SH
G3 Macon -
r
Ob Link
Plant Buttons scu
e
Vascular Monotropsis odorata Sweet Pinesap SR-T FSC S3 G3 Macon -
Obscure Link
Plant
' Vascular
Plant Oenothera perennis Perennial Sundrops SR-P None S2 G5 Macon -
Current Link
Vascular Packera millefolium Divided-leaf Ragwort T FSC S2 G2 Macon -
Current Link
' Plant
Vascular i
in
W
ld Q
Gl
d SR-T None S1 G3? Macon - Link
Parthenium auriculatum i
u
n
e
a
e Historic
Plant
Vascular Pedicularis lanceolata Swamp Lousewort SR-P None S1 G5 Historic Macon -
Link
Plant
'
Vascular
Phegopteris connectilis
Northern Beech Fern
SR-P
None
S1
G5
Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Vascular Platanthera flava var. herbiola Northern Green Orchid SR-P None S1? G4T4Q Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
' Vascular
Platanthera grandiflora Large Purple-fringed
-P
SR
None
S2
G5 Macon -
C
t Link
Plant Orchid urren

' Vascular
Plant Platanthera peramoena Purple Fringeless Orchid SR-P None S1 G5 Macon -
Historic Link
Vascular
Plant Poa palustris Swamp Bluegrass SR-P None S1 G5 Macon -
Obscure Link
Vascular
Prenanthes roanensis
Roan Rattlesnakeroot
SR-L
None
S3
G3 Macon -

Current
Link
Plant
Vascular
PYcnanthemum torrei
Torrey's Mountain-mint
SR-T
FSC
S1
G2 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Vascular
Rhododendron cumberiandense Cumberland Azalea
SR-P
None
S1
G4? Macon -

Current
Link
Plant
Vascular
Rhododendron vaseyi
Pink-shell Azalea
SR-L
None
S3
G3 Macon -

Current
Link
Plant
' Vascular
Plant Robinia hartwegii Hartwig's Locust SR-L None S1 G3T1 Macon -
Current Link
Vascular Saxifraga caroliniana Carolina Saxifrage SR-T FSC S2 G2 Macon -
Obscure Link
' Plant
Vascular ll Cliff St SR-P None S2 G4 Macon - Link
um
Sedum glaucophy onecrop Current
Plant
Vascular Silene ovata Mountain Catchfly SR-T FSC S3 G3 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
' Vascular Solidago rigida ssp. rigida Prairie Bold Goldenrod SR-P None S1 G5T5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vascular Solidago simulans Granite Dome Goldenrod SR-L FSC S1 G1 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
' Vascular Solidago uliginosa Bog Goldenrod SR None S1S2 G4G5 Macon -
Current Link
Plant

' Vascular
Plant Spiraea virginiana Virginia Spiraea E T S1 G2 Macon -
Current Link
Vascular Streptopus amplexifolius White Mandarin SR-P None S1 G5 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant
Vascular
Thermopsis fraxinifolia
Ash-leaved Golden-banne
r SR-T
None
S2?
G3? Macon -

Current
Link
' Plant
Vascular
Trichomanes boschianum
Appalachian Filmy-fern
T
None
S1
G4 Macon -

Current
Link
Plant
' Vascular
Trichomanes petersii
Dwarf Filmy-fern
T
None
S1
G4G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Vascular Trillium simile Sweet White Trillium SR-L None S2 G3 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
' Vascular Viola appalachiensis Appalachian Violet SR-T None S2 G3 Macon -
Current Link
Plant
Vertebrate Aegolius acadicus pop. I Southern Appalachian T FSC S2B,S2N GSTNR Macon -
C
t Link
Animal Northern Saw-whet Owl urren
Vertebrate Aimophila aestivalis Bachman's Sparrow Sc FSC S3B,S2N G3 Macon -
Historic Link
Animal
' http://207.4.179.38/nhp/find.php 09/19/05

L

D
7

D

r

0
u
n
NC NHP County Element Search
Vertebrate Ambystoma talpoideum Mole Salamander SC None S2
Animal
Vertebrate Aneides aeneus Green Salamander E FSC S2
Animal
Vertebrate Clinostomus funduloides ssp. 1 Little Tennessee River SC FSC S2
Animal Rosyside Dace
Vertebrate Contopus cooperi Olive-sided Flycatcher SC FSC SUB
Animal
Vertebrate Corynorhinus rafinesquii Rafinesque's Big-eared
T
i
FSC
S2
Animal rafinesquii Bat - Mountain Subspec es
Vertebrate Crotalus horridus Timber Rattlesnake SC None S3
Animal
Vertebrate Cryptobranchus alleganiensis Hellbender SC FSC S3
Animal
Vertebrate Cyprinella monacha Spotrin Chub T T S1
Animal
Vertebrate Dendroica cerulea Cerulean Warbler SR FSC S2B
Animal
Vertebrate Desmognathus aeneus Seepage Salamander SR FSC S3
Animal
Vertebrate Desmognathus wrighti Pigmy Salamander SR None S3
Animal
Vertebrate Etheostoma inscriptum Turquoise Darter (PCT) None S1
Animal
Vertebrate Etheostoma vulneratum Wounded Darter SC FSC S2
Animal
Vertebrate Eurycea longicauda Longtail Salamander SC
Animal
Vertebrate Glyptemys muhlenbergii Bog Turtle T
Animal
Vertebrate Hemidactylium scutatum Four-toed Salamander Sc
Animal
Vertebrate Lasionycteris noctivagans Silver-haired Bat SR
Animal
Vertebrate Luxilus chrysocephalus Striped Shiner T
(PS
Animal
Vertebrate Microtus chrotorrhinus Southern Rock Vole SC
Animal carolinensis
Vertebrate Moxostoma sp. 1 Sicklefin Redhorse SR
(PT
Animal
Vertebrate Myotis leibii Eastern Small-footed SC
Animal Myotis
Vertebrate Myotis septentrionalis Northern Long-eared Sc
Animal Myotis
Eastern Woodrat -
Vertebrate Neotoma floridana haematoreia Southern Appalachian SC
Animal Population
Vertebrate Notropis lutipinnis Yellowfin Shiner SC
Animal
Vertebrate Percina squamata Olive Darter SC
Animal
Vertebrate Sciurus niger Eastern Fox Squirrel SR
Animal
Vertebrate Sorex dispar Long-tailed Shrew SC
Animal
Vertebrate Sorex palustris punctulatus Southern Water Shrew SC
Animal
Vertebrate Sphyrapicus varius Appalachian Yellow-bellied SC
Animal - appalachiensis Sapsucker
Vertebrate Sylvilagus transitionalis New England Cottontail SR
Animal
Vertebrate Thryomanes bewickii altus Appalachian Bewick's E
http://207.4.179.3 8/nhp/fmd.php
None S2
T(S/A) S2
None S3
None S27
B,S4N
C) None S2
FSC S3
FSC S2
FSC SUB,E
None S3
FSC S3
None S3
FSC S2
None S3
None S2
FSC S2
G5 Macon -
Current
G3G4 Macon -
Current
G5T3Q Macon-
Current
G4 Macon -
Historic
G3G4TNR Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G3G4 Macon -
Current
G2 Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G3G4 Macon -
Current
G3G4 Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G3 Macon -
current
G5 Macon -
Current
G3 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon -
Historic
G5 Macon -
Current
G4T3 Macon-
Current
G3 Macon -
Current
G3 Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G5T4Q Macon -
Current
G4Q Macon -
Current
G3 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon -
Historic
G4 Macon -
Current
G5T3 Macon-
Current
FSC S3B,S5N GSTNR Macon -
Current
None SNA G4 Macon -
Current
FSC SHB G5T2Q Macon -
Page 7 of 8
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
09/19/05
' NC NHP County Element Search
' Animal Wren
Vertebrate Vermivora pinus Blue-winged Warbler SR None S2B
Animal
' Vertebrate Vireo gilvus Warbling Vireo SR None S2B
Animal
NC NHP database updated: July, 2005.
Search performed on Monday, 19 September 2005 @ 08:35:06 EDST
Explanation of Codes
i
' http://207.4.179.38/nhp/find.php
Page 8 of 8
Historic
G5 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
Link
09/19/05
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DATE SEPTEMBER 2005
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JOB NO.: 05309
SEPTEMBER 2005
DATE
MAC O N COUNTY E W P
:

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DESIGNED BY: : DP
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PEEKS CREEK SCALE: D NOT O TO ? PEEKS CREEK - DSR #2 EIMcG
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1. WME.
co m & PLANTING DETAILS
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05.719-P?ra- - ` t3ROAD STREET ASHEVII ..I E, NC PH. [phone]
Triage Check List
Date: 09/30/05 Project Name: Macon County EWP - Peeks Creek
DWQ #:05-1812
County: Macon
Kevin Barnett, Asheville Regional Office
To:
60-day Processing Time: 9/23/05 to 11/21/05
From: Cyndi Karoly Telephone: [phone]
The file attached is being forwarded to you for your evaluation.
Please call if you need assistance.
? Stream length impacted
? Stream determination
Wetland determination and distance to blue-line surface waters on USFW topo maps
? Minimization/avoidance issues
? Buffer Rules (Meuse, Tar-Pamlico, Catawba, Randleman)
Ei Pond fill
Mitigation Ratios
? Ditching
? Are the stream and or wetland mitigation sites available and viable?
? Check drawings for accuracy
Is the application consistent with pre-application meetings?
? Cumulative impact concern
Comments: As per our discussion regarding revision of the triage and delegation processes,
please review the attached file. Note that you are the first reviewer, so this file will need to be
reviewed for administrative as well as technical details. If you elect to place this project on hold,
please ask the applicant to provide your requested information to both the Central Office in
Raleigh as well as the Asheville Regional Office. As we discussed, this is an experimental, interim
procedure as we slowly transition to electronic applications. Please apprise me of any
complications you encounter, whether related to workload, processing times, or lack of a "second
reviewer" as the triage process in Central had previously provided. Also, if you think of ways to
improve this process, especially so that we can plan for the electronic applications, let me know.
Thanks!

MC
Gill
? A S S O C I A T E S
September 23, 2005
Mr. Scott McLendon,
Asheville Regulatory Field Office Chief
Asheville Regulatory Field Office
US Army Corps of Engineers
151 Patton Avenue
Room 208
Asheville, NC 28801-5006
f
Ms. Cyndi Karoly, Supervisor
401 Oversight and Express Permits Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Dear Mr. McLendon and Ms. Karoly:
? X0518' 12
Rpm. 1
S F ?) 2 8 2005
DENR - WATER QUALITY
WETLANDS AND STORMWATER BRANCH
Re: 401/404 Permit Application for the
Emergency Watershed Protection
(EWP) Project -
Peeks Creek Site
Macon County, North Carolina
As part of the 401/404 Permit Application for the Emergency Watershed Protection
(EWP) Project, a list of property owners for the Peeks Creek site was attached to the Pre-
Construction Notification (PCN) Application Form as is required by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers. A couple of the addresses on the form were inadvertently wrong. Enclosed, please
find a corrected property owners and address sheet. Please disregard the sheet that was
submitted to your office as part of the 401/404 Permit Application on September 22, 2005.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please do not hesitate to
contact myself or Jennifer Ballard.
E n g i n e e r i n g P l a n n i n g • F i n a n c e
McGill Associates, P.A. • P.O. Box 2259, Asheville, NC 28802 • 55 Broad Street, Asheville, NC 28801
828-252-0575 • FAX [phone]
1
Mr. Scott McLendon and
Ms. Cyndi Karoly
September 23, 2005
Page 2of2
Sincerely,
McGILL ASSOCIATES, P.A.
i' o - d c ?0+
MARK D. CATHEY, P.E.
Enclosure
cc: Mr. Kevin Barnett, NCDENR DWQ, w/enclosure
Mr. David McHenry, NCWRC, w/enclosure
Mr. Brian Cole, US FWS, w/enclosure
Mr. Sam Greenwood, Macon County, w/enclosure
Ms. Pam Boaze, Fish & Wildlife Associate, w/enclosure
Mr. Forrest Westall, Sr., P.E.
05309/letters/Core Correction 23sep05.doc
V
Property Owners for the Peeks Creek Site (Starting Downstream)
Pro a Owner Pin # Acrea a Owner Address
Bryant Thomas 0444262 103.36 521 Peeks Creek Road, Franklin, NC 28734
Larry Morris 0441437 1.52 664 Peeks Creek Road, Franklin, NC 28734
Launcelot & Bette Lucas 0400104 0.4 4342 Marsh Road, Deland, FL 32724
Glenn & Aileen Holland 0400364 1.7 28 Leebrook Drive, Franklin, NC 28734
Rodney Holland 0430197 0.64 788 Peeks Creek Road, Franklin, NC 28734
David Jones 0430195 0.38 14 Leebrook Drive, Franklin, NC 28734
David Jones 0400423 1.01 14 Leebrook Drive, Franklin, NC 28734
James & Georgia Holland 0400367 2.82 859 Peeks Creek Road, Franklin, NC 28734
Elmer Newman Trustee 0400607 7.1 18122 126th Terrace N., Jupiter, FL 33478
Royce Califf Sr. Life Estate 0400564 0.7 P. O. Box 888202, Atlanta, GA 30356
Royce Califf Jr. 0421432 0.85 P. O. Box 888202, Atlanta, GA 30356
Royce Califf Sr. 0421433 1.15 P. O. Box 888202, Atlanta, GA 30356
Ter Smith Sr. 0428754 -0.62 312 SE Count Club Rd, Lake City, FL 32025 _
Marvin Dantzler 0400193 1 407 Corley Manor Ct, Lexington, SC 29072
Melba Watts 0400847 0.7 2777 Lake Silver Rd, Crestview, FL 32536
Nellie Carpenter 0400229 5.67 29 Fish Hawk Road, Franklin, NC 28734
Dorothy Dodd 0400199 1.25 4598 Cactus Ave, Sarasota, FL 34231
Sandra Mandia 0400348 0.99 1240 Peeks Creek Road, Franklin, NC 28734
Joletta & Wallrath Treadwell 0400837 105.59 1185 Peeks Creek Road, Franklin, NC 28734
-• OF WATE
Q? RpG Michael F. Easley, Governor
`7 William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Alan W. Klimek, P.E. Director
Division of Water Quality
October 19, 2005
DWQ Project # 05-1812-
Macon County
Sam K. Greenwood, County Manager
? Macon County
Courthouse Annex
5 West Main Street ®? n
Franklin, NC 28734 T 2 8 LJ
Subject Property: Peeks Creek EWP (DSR - #2)
DINJ
?moo y ??7uAk11`y
' Omfttl
Approval of 401 Water Quality Certification with Additional Conditions
Dear Mr. Greenwood:
You have our approval, in accordance with the attached conditions and those listed
below, to place fill within or otherwise impact 539 feet of streams for the purpose of
streambank stabilization and woody debris removal / trash removal at the subject
properties, as described within your application received by the N.C. Division of Water
Quality (DWQ) on October 10, 2005. After reviewing your application, we have decided
that the impacts are covered by General Water Quality Certification Number(s) 3367
(3367). The Certification (s) allows you to use Nationwide Permit(s) 37 when issued by
the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). In addition, you should obtain or otherwise
comply with any other required federal, state or local permits before you go ahead with
,your project including (but not limited to) Erosion and Sediment Control, Non-discharge,
and stormwater regulations. Also, this approval to proceed with your proposed
impacts or to conduct impacts to waters as depicted in your application shall
expire upon expiration of the 404 or CAMA Permit.
This approval is for the purpose that you described in your application. (Nothing in this
approval should be interpreted as giving permission to remove bedload material
from the existing channel, nor allowing for the construction of berms which
would prohibit the stream access to it's floodplain.) If you change your project
beyond the approval here, you must notify us and you may be required to send us a
new application. If the property is sold, the new owner must be given a copy of this
Certification and approval letter and is thereby responsible for complying with all
conditions. If total fills for this project (now or in the future) exceed one acre of wetland
or 150 linear feet of stream, compensatory mitigation may be required as described in
15A NCAC 2H .0506 (h). This approval requires you to follow the conditions listed in
the attached certification and any additional conditions listed below.
The Additional Conditions of the Certification are:
401 Wetlands Certification Unit
1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard, Suite 250, Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone] /FAX [phone]/ lntemet: http://h2o.enr.state.nc. uslncwetlands
*ik
RCbENR
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer- 50% Recycled/10% Post Consumer Paper

Macon County: P
Page 2 of 6
October 19, 2005
1. Impacts Approved
The following impacts are hereby approved as long as all of the other specific
and general conditions of this Certification (or Isolated Wetland Permit) are met.
No other impacts are approved including incidental impacts:
Amount
Approved (Units) Plan Location or Reference
Stream 464 feet Peeks Creek
Stream 75 (feet) UT to Peeks Creek
2. Erosion & Sediment Control Practices
Erosion and sediment control practices must be in full compliance with all
specifications governing the proper design, installation and operation and
maintenance of such Best Management Practices in order to protect surface
waters standards:
a. The erosion and sediment control measures for the project must be
designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the most
recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control Planning
and Design Manual.
b. The design, installation, operation, and maintenance of the sediment and
erosion control measures must be such that they equal, or exceed, the
requirements specified in the most recent version of the North Carolina
Sediment and Erosion Control Manual. The devices shall be maintained on
all construction sites, borrow sites, and waste pile (spoil) projects, including
contractor-owned or leased borrow pits associated with the project.
c. For borrow pit sites, the erosion and sediment control measures must be
designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the most
recent version of the North Carolina Surface Mining Manual.
d. The reclamation measures and implementation must comply with the
reclamation in accordance with the requirements of the Sedimentation
Pollution Control Act.
3. No Waste, Spoil, Solids, or Fill of Any Kind
No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian
areas beyond the footprint of the impacts depicted in the Pre-Construction
Notification. All construction activities, including the design, installation, operation,
and maintenance of sediment and erosion control Best Management Practices,
shall be performed so that no violations of state water quality standards, statutes,
or rules occur.
Macon County:
Page 3 of 6
October 19, 2005
4. No Sediment & Erosion Control Measures w/n Wetlands or Waters
Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or waters
to the maximum extent practicable. If placement of sediment and erosion control
devices in wetlands and waters is unavoidable, they shall be removed and the
natural grade restored within six months of the date that the Division of Land
Resources has released the project.
5. Certificate of Completion
Upon completion of all work approved within the 401 Water Quality Certification
or applicable Buffer Rules, and any subsequent modifications, the applicant is
required to return the attached certificate of completion to the 401/Wetlands Unit,
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC,
27699-1650.
6. Construction in this creek and disturbance within a 25-foot trout buffer should be
avoided during the October 15 to April 15 trout spawning period to avoid adverse
effects of sediment on eggs and larvae, where applicable. However, Wildlife
Resources Commission will not object to construction of Natural Resources
Conservation Service "urgent and compelling" sites during the spawning period
provided these projects are, to the extent appropriate and practical, constructed by:
(1) using flow diversion structures such as sand bags, (2) placing large-sized rock
toes and filter cloth backing for stabilization sites before backfilling, and (3)
excavating new channel alignments in dry areas. Construction at the other non-
"urgent and compelling" sites should not occur during the spawning period to
minimize the potential adverse effects of multiple construction activities on trout
resources in this creek.
7. Sediment and erosion control measures must be implemented prior to construction
and maintained on the sites to minimize sediment in downstream areas. Seeding for
a temporary cover of wheat, millet, or similar annual grain or permanent herbaceous
cover should occur on all bare soil within five (5) days of ground disturbing activities
to provide long-term erosion control. The projects should be accomplished in stages
instead of leaving large tracts exposed to further storm events. Erosion control
matting should be used in conjunction with appropriate seeding on disturbed soils in
steep slope and. riparian areas. Matting should be secured in place with staples,
stakes, or, wherever possible, live stakes of native trees. Straw mulch and tall
fescue should not be used in riparian areas. In addition, because of an anticipated
difficulty in establishing ground cover during the winter, reseeding should be
conducted, as necessary, in the spring-time with a native annual and perennial seed
mix with a temporary nursery crop of wheat, millet or other grain.
Macon County:
Page 4 of 6
October 19, 2005
8. Only clean, large, angular rock, large woody material, or other natural stream design
materials and techniques should be used for bank stabilization. Rock should not be
placed in the stream channel in a manner that constricts stream flow or that will
impede aquatic life movements during low flow conditions. Filter cloth should be
placed behind large rock that is used for bank stabilization. Properly designed rock
vanes should be constructed wherever appropriate on bank stabilization and
channel realignment stream reaches to improve channel stability and to improve
aquatic habitat. Root wads should be installed low enough in the bank so that a
significant portion (at least one-third) the root wad is inundated during normal flows.
9. The channel should be restored to a more stable condition. However, under no
circumstances should river rock, sand or other materials be dredged from the
stream channel under authorization of this permit except, if necessary, in the
immediate vicinity of the eroding banks for the explicit purpose of anchoring
stabilizing or flow/grade control structures or for reestablishing the natural
and more stable stream channel dimensions. Stream bed materials are unstable
in flowing-water situations and are unsuitable for bank stabilization. In stream
dredging has catastrophic effects on aquatic life and disturbance of the natural form
of the stream channel can cause downstream erosion problems. The natural
dimension, pattern, and profile of the stream upstream and downstream of the
permitted area should not be modified by widening the stream channel or changing
its depth.
10. Stabilization measures should only be applied on or near existing erosion sites,
leaving other stable stream bank areas in a natural condition. Grading and
backfilling should be minimized and tree and shrub growth should be retained where
possible to ensure long term availability of stream bank cover for aquatic life and
wildlife. Backfill materials should be obtained from upland sites except in cases
where excess stream bed materials are available. Berms should not be permitted
because they block the floodplain, constrict and accelerate flood flows, and often fail
and sometimes impede drainage during large flood events.
11. Repairs to eroded banks should be conducted in a dry work area where possible.
Sandbags or other clean diversion structures should be used where possible to
minimize excavation in flowing water. Channel realignments should be constructed
by excavating the new channel from downstream to upstream before connecting it to
the old channel.
12. Heavy equipment should be operated from the bank whenever possible. All
mechanized equipment operated near surface waters should be inspected and
maintained regularly to prevent contamination of stream waters from fuels,
lubricants, hydraulic fluids or other toxic materials. Equipment used in stream
channel must be clean, new or low hour equipment.
13. Disturbed stream banks and a 25-foot vegetated zone, or the widest width that is
practical under the site conditions, should be restored where possible along the
construction sites to natural riparian conditions with native trees and shrubs (e.g.,
silky dogwood, rhododendron, dog hobble, red maple, silky willow, tag alder, black
willow, sycamore) to provide long-term bank stability and stream shading. Note,
silky dogwood, silky willow and black willow can be planted as live stakes collected
during the dormant growing season. Cuttings should be randomly planted on four
(4) foot centers from the waters edge to the top of the bank. Trees should be planted
on ten (10) to twelve (12) foot centers. Stream banks in these areas should also be
Macon County:
Page 5 of 6
October 19, 2005
seeded with a native annual and perennial seed mix with a temporary nursery crop
of wheat, millet or other grain.
14. If pasture along the stream is to be used for grazing, a fence must be constructed
outside of the riparian zone and the stream to prevent livestock from entering these
areas.
15. Diffuse Flow
All constructed stormwater conveyance outlets shall be directed and maintained
as diffuse flow at non-erosive velocities through the protected riparian zones
such that it will not re-concentrate before discharging into a stream. If this is not
possible, it may be necessary to provide stormwater facilities that are considered
to remove nitrogen. This may require additional approval from this Office.
16. Riparian Zone Replanting
Replanting of vegetation within disturbed areas located within 25 feet of the
streambank associated with any land disturbing activity, repair, replacement
and/or maintenance must be done in a manner consistant with the Guidelines
for Riparian Buffer Restoration immediately following construction. (Please
see attached.)
17. Deed Notifications
Deed notifications or similar mechanisms shall be placed on all retained
jurisdictional wetlands, waters and protective woody riparian zones in order to
assure compliance for future wetland, water and buffer impact. These
mechanisms shall be put in place prior to impacting any wetlands, waters and/or
buffers approved for impact under this Certification Approval and Authorization
Certificate. A sample deed notification can be downloaded from the
401/Wetlands Unit web site at http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetiands. The text of
the sample deed notification may be modified as appropriate to suit to this
project.
18. Turbidity Standard
The turbidity standard of 10 NTUs (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) shall not be
exceeded as described in 15 A NCAC 2B. .0200. Appropriate sediment and
erosion control practices must be used to meet this standard.
19. No Sediment and Erosion Control Measures in Wetlands
Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or waters
to the maximum extent practicable. If placement of sediment and erosion control
devices in wetlands and waters is unavoidable, they shall be removed and the
natural grade restored within six months of the date that the Division of Land
Resources or locally delegated program has released the project.
Macon County:
Page 6 of 6
October 19, 2005
Violations of any condition herein set forth may result in revocation of this Certification
and may result in criminal and/or civil penalties. The authorization to proceed with your
proposed impacts or to conduct impacts to waters as depicted in your application and
as authorized by this Certification, shall expire upon expiration of the 404 or CAMA
Permit.
If you do not accept any of the conditions of this Certification (associated with the
approved wetland or stream impacts), you may ask for an adjudicatory hearing. You
must act within 60 days of the date that you receive this letter. To ask for a hearing,
send a written petition, which conforms to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes to the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh,
N.C. 27699-6714. This certification and its conditions are final and binding unless you
ask for a hearing.
This letter completes the review of the Division of Water Quality under Section 401 of
the Clean Water Act. If you have any questions, please telephone Cyndi Karoly in the
Central Office in Raleigh at 919-733-9721 or Mr. Kevin Barnett in the DWQ Asheville
Regional Office at 828-296-4657.
Sincerely,
Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
AW K/khb
Enclosures: GC 3367
Certificate of Completion
Guidelines for Riparian Buffer Restoration
cc: Jennifer Ballard,
McGill Associates, P.A.
Post Office Box 2259
Asheville, NC 28802
USACE Asheville Regulatory Field Office
DWQ 401 Central Office
DLR Asheville Regional Office
File Copy
Central Files
Filename: 05-1812.EWP.PeeksCreek.Approval
D5-1g?2
•
A S S O C I A T E S
October 10, 2005
Mr. David Baker,
Asheville Regulatory Field Office Chief
Asheville Regulatory Field Office
US Army Corps of Engineers
151 Patton Avenue
Room 208
Asheville, NC 28801-5006
Ms. Cyndi Karoly, Supervisor
401 Oversight and Express Permits Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
?Q
Q1?
.O
"Rol
Re: 404/401 Permit Application for the
Emergency Watershed Protection
(EWP) Project -
Peeks Creek Site (Revised)
Macon County, North Carolina
Dear Mr. Baker and Ms. Karoly:
Attached please find the revised 404/401 permit application for the Emergency
Watershed Protection (EWP) Project - Peeks Creek Site in Macon County. The revisions to
the enclosed Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan was completed after a site visit on
October 5, 2005, with Kevin Barnett from the Asheville Office of the NC DENR Division of
Water Quality, David Baker from the Asheville Office of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
David McHenry from the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Mark Cantrell of
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services, Alan Walker from the Franklin Office of the National
Resources Conservation Resources, and representatives from Fish and Wildlife Associates,
McGill Associates, Macon County and Phillips and Jordan. During this site visit, all parties
agreed upon the proposed repairs and repair methods which are incorporated into the enclosed
revised Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan, which is part of the 404/401 permit
application. These changes were influenced by the North Carolina Trout Moratorium, which
goes into affect on October 15`''. Only three repair sections at the Peeks Creek Site require
404/401 approval. However, for clarification purposes, the Stream Repairs & Bank
Stabilization Plan includes all ten proposed repair sections.
E n g i n e e r i n g • P l a n n i n g F i n a n c e
McGill Associates, P.A. P.O. Box 2259, Asheville, NC 28802 55 Broad Street, Asheville, NC 28801
828-252-0575 • FAX [phone]
Mr. David Baker and
Ms. Cyndi Karoly
October 10, 2005
Page 2 of 3
The Peeks Creek Site is a critical EWP site and is located on Peeks Creek. We have
carefully developed this application and have considered all potential impacts of this work. It
is important that the construction for this urgent stream repair work be conducted as soon as
possible. We look forward to quick regulatory action and approval of this repair plan so this
important work can be accomplished.
With the hurricane season for the east coast of the United States upon us again, Macon
County, and all those areas affected by the devastating hurricanes and tropical storms from
2004, are reminded that getting the damaged stream areas repaired is an essential objective in
trying to minimize future environmental and property damage impacts from this still damaged
site.
We have made every effort to effectively address each and every concern related to this
repair work and the need to protect this area's water resources. Frankly, we believe that the
ongoing water quality impact of this damaged and exposed stream bank area represents a great
threat to downstream waters and to the wildlife habitat, not to mention the hazard it represents
to property near the site. We believe that the repair plan developed for this site is
comprehensive and represents well thought-through consideration of the existing water quality
problems and will result in effective management of any "short term" impacts during the
construction phase.
We are looking forward to being able to proceed with this work as soon as possible.
Please let myself or Mark Cathey, of our office, know of any issues or consideration that needs
to be addressed to secure approval for this planned work. In accordance with the contact
we've made with North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resource's regional
401 contact, Mr. Kevin Barnett, we have submitted directly to him his copy of this repair plan
and application. We also sent a copy directly to Mr. David McHenry of the North Carolina
Wildlife Resource Commission and Mr. Brian Cole of the United States Fish & Wildlife
Service. In addition, since North Carolina has "waived" fees for these EWP 401s, we have
not included any permit fees. Thank you for your attention to these applications.
Sincerely,
McGILL ASSOCIATES, P.A.
, V. 94
V &4 - 4
JENNIFER J BALLARD, P.E.
STREAM REPAIRS & BANK STABILIZATION PLAN FOR
Peeks Creek Site
Macon County, North Carolina
MOO
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SEAL `O
® 24993
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Prepared by:
McGill
ASSOCIATES
Prepared for
MACON COUNTY
October 2005
In conjunction with:
L -1
Fish and Wildlife Associates, Inc.
I Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
1. PROJECT PURPOSE & DESCRIPTION
The purpose of this project is to stabilize and/or repair eroded and unstable stream banks
and the associated riparian area along Peeks Creek that were impacted by flood flows
' from Hurricanes Frances and Ivan in September of 2004 as well as a landslide resulting
from the flood flows. Peeks Creek experienced a devastating landslide during the 2004
' flooding that destroyed several houses and caused much personal property damage.
Unfortunately, the landslide also caused loss of life as well as several serious injuries to
the residents living along Peeks Creek. The slide denuded the entire riparian area for
several thousand feet along the general direction of Peeks Creek and destroyed the State-
maintained road that was near the streambed as well as several houses. The severely
eroded stream banks consist of exposed soil and rock on moderate to steep slopes, which,
' if transported during another high flow event, could block downstream culverts and
bridges as well as cause increased erosion that could potentially threaten property and
structures located along Peeks Creek. As desired by the landowners and charged to us by
' Macon County, North Carolina, the proposed design is intended to construct a stabilized
stream bank. The instability of this section of Peeks Creek will remain a threat to the
environmental recovery of the stream as well as to the property and roadway located
along the stream if careful, quick repairs are not performed soon.
The work described in this Stream Repair and Bank Stabilization Plan (Repair Plan) is
' urgent and compelling work under the National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS)
Emergency Watershed Protection (EWP) program to protect existing property and
structures. MRCS is the funding agency and Macon County / Macon Soil and Water
' Conservation District (SWCD) is the sponsor and responsible party for the project. Work
will consist of repair and stabilization effort only, and is not considered natural channel
restoration or enhancement work. However, some methods and approaches utilized in
' the proposed repairs are routinely applied in natural channel design efforts due to their
ability to protect channel banks from shear stresses and the resultant erosion and damage.

7

All work in or near surface waters will be supervised by trained personnel from both
McGill Associates and Fish and Wildlife Associates (FWS). This site is one of three sites
selected for repair within Macon County.
2. SITE DESCRIPTION
DSR #2 - Peeks Creek - Peeks Creek (C, Tr) - The repair site is approximately 2,130 feet
in length and is located along Peeks Creek in Macon County, NC. This area is located
adjacent to Peeks Creek Road. Please refer to the Construction Drawings for
photographs, mapping, imagery, and details of existing site conditions. The original
repair plan included an additional 1,345 linear feet of stream bank and streambed repair
that has been removed from this plan. Thus, the stations on the Construction Drawings
start at 22+00 instead of 10+00.
2
Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
Approximately 2,130 feet of both channel banks were severely damaged through bank
' erosion, soil loss and debris movement. The banks are referenced as descending when
facing downstream and ascending when facing upstream.
' The repair sections are located off Peeks Creek Road and access to the repair areas will
not be an issue. Utilities will be located and marked by the contractor prior to
construction. The disturbed area for the proposed repair and stabilization exceeds one
' acre. Therefore, Macon County secured an Erosion Control Permit from the North
Carolina Division of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) Division of Land
Quality. The work proposed for three of the proposed ten repairs at the Peeks Creek site
' will have to be permitted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Section 404 permit) and
also the N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water
Quality (Section 401 Water Quality Certification). The repair sections that must be
' permitted are Repair Section 1, 6 and 9. All the other repair sections are out of the
jurisdictional area for a 401/404 permit.
3. REPAIR OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Despite the extensive damage experienced along Peeks Creek and to its banks Peeks
Creek has re-established a "working" stream channel. The streambed in many locations
has encountered bedrock and Peeks Creek has worked its way through the huge boulders
and large rock that are located in the channel. However, in several areas the re-
established stream channel is unstable and subject to "shifting" in response to even small
increased stream flow events such as an "annual" storm. This shifting activity will

' greatly increase the potential for stream bank and streambed erosion as well as
and structures that are located along Peeks Creek, including the
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anger
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North Carolina Division of Transportation (NC DOT) roadway itself. Additionally, there
are many areas where unconsolidated weathered rock and soil are in danger of being
' washed into the stream. The instability of this section of Peeks Creek will remain a threat
to the environmental recovery of the stream as well as to the property and roadway
located along the stream, without proper repairs being implemented. The EWP work
k
b
ili
h
' an
s
e stream
ze t
proposed for this site will utilize sound engineering practices to stab
in this area. EWP guidelines will be followed in developing and constructing/installing
these stream repairs. The most basic principle of the EAT work is to attempt to restore
' the site to "pre-flood conditions." Under more common examples of EWP related sites,
the "pre-flood" conditions are easier to define. For Peeks Creek, the slide has essentially
reconfigured the entire streambed and the riparian area associated with the previous
' waterway. Therefore, every effort will be made to stabilize the streambed and riparian
area associated with the current stream configuration, consistent with the character of this
type and size of stream located in the mountains of Macon County. Interviews with
residents of Peeks Creek have also provided some insight as to the original stream
configuration.
' In several of the stream segments to be repaired, Peeks Creek's current alignment is
threatening unprotected bank areas and/or the NC DOT roadway. Due to the North
' Carolina Trout Moratorium, which begins October 15th, the proposed repair effort will
I
' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
not include any stream realignment or in-stream structures except for the reconstruction
of the tributary channel on Repair Section 1 and the toe stabilization that is part of Repair
Section 9. Repair Section 9 will be the first site repaired and the flowing water will be
diverted from the area of excavation using sandbags. Repair Section 1 will be the next
' repair site, and the tributary flow will be bypassed from the area of excavation.
Residual rock material along Peeks Creek will be used for stream bank toe stabilization in
' the areas indicated. The use of large boulder material will be the primary method of
protecting the stream banks because of the materials' ability to resist storm flow forces
and velocities.
Plantings are specified in accordance with typical native streamside vegetation of this
region. As noted, the slide removed the vegetation and most of the streamside soil that
was a part of the Peeks Creek riparian area, leaving a boulder and rock-strewn area along
both sides of the stream. In order to increase the success of plantings for this repair,
placement of appropriate soil material will be needed. Every effort will be made during
the installation and the construction process to reduce sedimentation and erosion and to
provide a stable stream channel and bank repair that will allow the new plantings to take
hold and further strengthen the underlying soil and rock structures placed in and along the
' Peeks Creek stream system.
Along much of the repair section, the State-maintained road runs along the Peeks Creek
' corridor. In some areas, Peeks Creek is less than five feet from the road edge. Where
approved by the North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission at the October 5, 2005
meeting, the stream bank along the road will be stabilized using boulder toe stabilization.
' As storm events continue to impact this stream and the land along Peeks Creek, the
objective of these repairs is to provide protection of the property and resources along the
' stream.
The Contractor will carefully manage fuel and lubrication materials for construction
equipment to prevent any loss to the stream and any impact to the surrounding areas.
Stream crossings with equipment will be minimized and used only when access
limitations require a crossing.
' 4. TYPICAL REPAIR DETAILS AND OPTIONS
The Proposed Repair Plan is designed to repair and stabilize the banks along Peeks Creek
' and is not considered natural channel restoration or enhancement work. However, some
methods and approaches utilized in the proposed repairs are routinely applied in natural
channel design efforts due to their ability to protect channel banks from shear stresses and
the resultant erosion. Due to previous alterations of the channel, including but not limited
to the landslide of 2004, bridge construction, and bank grading, the channel banks in
relation to original widths and slopes have been modified considerably. This has made
the identification of the "natural" condition of the channel very difficult.

' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
For comparison purposes, we attempted to confirm our channel bank location by
' comparing the resultant "channel width" to available Regional Curve data. Based on a
review of site data (upstream and/or downstream) and our estimated "channel bank"
location, we estimated the pre-disturbance "channel width" at approximately 20 feet. We
' compared this "channel width" to estimated bankfull width as determined from available
(preliminary) mountain Regional Curve data (SRI) for the appropriate drainage area. The
regional curve indicates a bankfull width of approximately 30 feet based on a drainage
area of 3 square miles. Based on this comparison, it is our opinion that the estimated pre-
disturbance "channel location" is appropriate.
' As shown on the attached repair plans and design details, we recommend that the
repaired slopes be reconstructed and backfilled with excavated deposited material
recovered from the floodplain, available on-site or off-site earth fill, and in some cases
imported stone aggregate. The location of the toe of the repaired slope will be field
determined to allow for the development of a typical repair application along the reach.
However, there will be no excavation in the streambed except for the placement of the toe
' stabilization on Repair Section 9. All other repaired slopes will be performed above the
bankfull location. Our Repair Plan calls for the incorporation of a typical bank repair and
toe stabilization. I
Stream Bank Repair
' The typical Stream Bank Repair will divide the stream bank to be repaired into three
bank zones, Upper, Mid-, and Lower for slope, stabilization measures, and planting
recommendations. The bank zones tie into each other as depicted on the Repair Plan for
each type of repair.
The Lower Bank Zone of the repairs will not be disturbed as this zone is within the
' "active channel except for where indicated on the plans. Live stake planting and seeding
will occur where necessary to stabilize the stream bank.
The Mid-Bank Zone should be graded as shown on the Drawings using varying fill
materials including both site borrow and other suitable borrow sources. Benches
constructed in the Mid-Bank Zone are also bankfull benches. Since this zone is located
out of the "active channel", it should be lined with excelsior (wood fiber) erosion control
matting (or equivalent) and planted with the select shrubs and trees of the species and
' density described in the planting details. This zone should also be over seeded with
erosion control grasses and native vegetation.
' The Upper Bank Zone should also be graded as shown in the Repair Plan details for each
Repair Type and use varying fill materials so that it blends the Mid-Bank Zone with the
surrounding floodplain grade or proposed tie-in location. This zone should be lined with
excelsior (wood fiber) erosion control matting (or equivalent) and planted with select tree
1 and shrub species at the density described in the planting detail as well as over seeded
with erosion control grasses and natural vegetation.

' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
Toe Stabilization
' Toe stabilization is recommended in a portion of Repair Section 9 to protect the NC DOT
roadway. The landward side of the toe stabilization will be lined with a non-woven
fabric and backfilled with coarse aggregate to, improve stability and reduce the potential
for piping.
' The height of the toe stabilization is depicted on the Proposed Repair Plan of the
Construction Drawings. In general, it will be 2-3 boulders high, depending on the stream
bank conditions.
Bank Planting
A riparian buffer area will be established along the repaired channel bank as part of the
proposed Repair Plan. The riparian zone will include all three Bank Zones (Lower, Mid-,
and Upper). These areas will be seeded and planted with the appropriate native riparian
vegetation and will provide channel stability and treatment of surface waters traveling
laterally through the buffer.
Species will consist primarily of native trees, shrubs and vegetation. The repaired bank
will be planted with the appropriate channel bank species in the form of live stakes, bare-
root seedlings, seeds, and transplants where available. Native trees and shrubs that are
' available elsewhere on-site will be removed with as much of the root ball intact and
transplanted adjacent to the restored channel or in the floodplain. The majority of the
planting efforts (with the exception of live stakes) should be performed in the fall season
to increase survivability. Vegetation will be supplied by locally identified plant sources
or purchased from local, reputable nurseries. ' Other sources, outside of the local area,
may be used depending on the availability of plant material and as approved by the
designer.
Tree species individuals will be planted randomly at a 10 ft. by 10 ft. spacing. The
' planting plan will include a minimum of five of the eight tree species listed in the
planting schedule. The preferred species that should be used on this project shall be
Sweet Birch (Betula lenta), Red Maple (Acer rubrum), and River Birch (Betula nigra).
' Plants shall be installed as shown in the planting details.

I I
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Shrub species will be planted at a lower density and farther spacing (12 ft. by 12 ft.). The
planting plan will include a minimum of three of the six shrubs listed in the planting
schedule. Highland Doghobble (Leucothoe fontanesiana) and Rhododendron
(Rhododendron maximum) shall be planned in shaded to partial sun areas only.
Live stakes are specified and will be planted where possible on a spacing of 4 ft. (along
bank) by 3ft. (width) consisting of Silky Dogwood. Live stakes will be cut and installed
as shown in the planting details. The live stake planting will be performed in the spring
of 2006 to increase survivability.
6
Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
A representative of McGill Associates or FWA will be on site to observe and direct
' planting efforts associated with the buffer restoration. The designer must approve
substitution of tree, shrub, and live stake species in advance.
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Temporary and/or permanent seeding measures (German millet, rye grass, or the most
appropriate erosion control grass as dictated by the season or region) will be applied to
areas disturbed during grading operations to allow for localized stabilization while
riparian species establish themselves. Two (2) seed mixtures will also be applied to this
project. In the Lower Bank Zone, the following native species herbaceous seeding
mixture should be planted: Scarlet Beebalm (Monarda didyma), Jewelweed (Impatiens
capensis), Elderberry (Sambucus Canadensis), Common Rush (Juncus effuses), Forget-
me-not (Myosotis scorpioides), and Sedge (Carex sp.). In the Mid-Bank and Upper Bank
Zones, the following native species herbaceous seeding mixture should be planted:
Queen Anne's lace (Daucus carota), Red Clover (Trifolium pratense), Narrowleaf
Plantain (Plantago lanceolata), Clasping Venus' Looking-glass (Specularia perfoliata),
Common Plantain (Plantago major), and native grasses.
5. PROPOSED REPAIR PLAN
There are ten (10) proposed repair sections along Peeks Creek. The Construction
Drawings include pictures that help describe some of the repairs that are part of this
Proposed Repair Plan. Please refer to these pictures when reading the repair descriptions.
The proposed repairs for these sections are as follows:
Repair 1 (R 1)
Restore the normal width channel for the entering tributary at Station 23+45 on the left
descending bank. Bypass flow from the area while the tributary channel is being
constructed.
Repair 2 (R 2)
This section is approximately 65 feet long. On the right descending bank (typically
between the two existing large boulders), remove the little rocks behind the boulders and
replace them with large boulders. Repair the bank using the typical detail located in the
Construction Drawings, place matting on the bank and install vegetation. Level the rock
pile on the left descending bank. There will be no in-stream excavation.
Repair 3 (R_3)

This section is approximately 290 feet long. Slope the right descending bank to make a
floodplain bench approximately 20' wide. Install matting and vegetation on the slope.
Fill in the overflow channel using material excavated during construction of the bank
repair. Due to groundwater inflow from Station 25+60 to 26+60, a French drain as
shown in the Construction Drawings will be installed along the overflow channel. The
7
Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
French drain will daylight at Station 26+60 to carry the flow from a spring and the pipe
' on the right. There will be no in-stream excavation.
Repair 4 (R 4)
t This section is approximately 25 feet long. Slope the left descending bank. Place
matting on the bank and install vegetation. There will be no in-stream excavation.
Repair 5 (R 5)
' This section is approximately 50 feet long. Slope the right descending bank from the
bankfull level from Station 31+10 to 31+60, place matting on the slope and install
vegetation. There will be no in-stream excavation.
' Repair 6 (R 6)
a,
' This section is approximately 104 feet long. Place 15' of boulders on the edge of the left
descending bank downstream of the 24" CMP. Slope the bank back from the bankfull
level on the right descending bank from Station 36+20 - 37+24. Place matting on the
' bank and install vegetation. There will be no in-stream excavation.
n

fl

Repair 7 (R 7)
This section is approximately 60 feet long. Slope the bank back from the bankfull level
on the right descending bank from Station 37+95 - 38+55. Place matting on the bank
and install vegetation. There will be no in-stream excavation.
Repair 8 (R 8)
This section is approximately 128 feet long. Slope the bank back from the bankfull level
on the right descending bank from Station 41+00 - 42+28. Place matting on the bank
and install vegetation. Build up the left descending bank using the material removed
from the other bank and install vegetation. There will be no in-stream excavation.
Repair 9 (R 9)
This section is approximately 360 feet long. Install a high flow channel to the right of the
current streambed. Place toe stabilization from Station 43+23 - 44+30 on the left
descending bank. Bypass the flow from the area where the toe stabilization will be
installed. Slope the bank back from the bankfull level on the right descending bank from
Station 43+00 - 44+30. Place matting on the bank and install vegetation. Build up the
left descending bank using the material removed from the other bank and install
vegetation.
8
' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
' Repair 10 (R 10)
At Section 44+75, remove the end portion of the concrete pad and metal immediately
' downstream. Leave all other debris in the left bank. There will be no in-stream
excavation.
Construction Drawings for the proposed Stream Repair and Bank Stabilization Plan
including the proposed repairs, a construction sequence, structure details, erosion and
sediment control details, and a planting schedule and details are attached. Technical
' Specifications are also attached.
' 6. REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
401 WATER QUALITY CERTIFICATION (Mandatory Requirement based on expected
' Certification conditions) - The following mandatory conditions apply to all repair sites:
1. Erosion & Sediment Control Practices
a. The erosion and sediment control measures for the project must be
designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the
' most recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and Erosion
Control Planning and Design Manual.
b. The design, installation, operation, and maintenance of the sediment
and erosion control measures must be such that they equal, or exceed,
the requirements specified in the most recent version of the North
' Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control Manual. The devices shall be
maintained on all construction sites, borrow sites, and waste pile
(spoil) projects, including contractor-owned or leased borrow pits
' associated with the project.

c. For borrow pit sites, the erosion and sediment control measures must
be designed, installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with
the most recent version of the North Carolina Surface Mining
Manual.
d. The reclamation measures and implementation must comply with the
reclamation in accordance with the requirements of the Sedimentation
Pollution Control Act.
2. No Waste, Spoil, Solids, or Fill of Any Kind - No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of
any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian areas beyond the footprint
of the impacts depicted in the Pre-Construction Notification. All construction
activities, including the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of
9
' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
sediment and,erosion control Best Management Practices, shall be performed so
' that no violations of state water quality standards, statutes, or rules occur.
3. No Sediment & Erosion Control Measures w/n Wetlands or Waters -
' Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or
waters to the maximum extent practicable. If placement of sediment and
erosion control devices in wetlands and waters is unavoidable, they shall be
' removed and the natural grade restored within six months of the date that the
Division of Land Resources has released the project.
4. Certificate of Completion - Upon completion of all work approved within the
401 Water Quality Certification or applicable Buffer Rules, and any subsequent
modifications, the applicant is required to return the attached certificate of
' completion to the 401/Wetlands Unit, North Carolina Division of Water
Quality, 1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC, 27699-1650.
' 5. Sediment and erosion control measures must be implemented prior to
construction and maintained on the sites to minimize sediment in downstream
areas. Seeding for a temporary cover of wheat, millet, or similar annual grain or
' permanent herbaceous cover should occur on all bare soil within five (5) days of
ground disturbing activities to provide long-term erosion control. The projects
should be accomplished in stages instead of leaving large tracts exposed to
' further storm events. Erosion control matting should be used in conjunction
with appropriate seeding on disturbed soils in steep slope and riparian areas,
unless authorized under Division of Land Resources Erosion and Sediment
' Control approval. Matting should be secured in place with staples, stakes, or,
wherever possible, live stakes of native trees. Straw mulch and tall fescue
should not be used in riparian areas.
6. Only clean, large, angular rock, large woody material, or other natural stream
design materials and techniques should be used for bank stabilization. Rock
' should not be placed in the stream channel in a manner that constricts stream
flow or that will impede aquatic life movements during low flow conditions.
Filter cloth should be placed behind large rock that is used for bank
stabilization. Properly designed rock vanes should be constructed wherever
appropriate on bank stabilization and channel realignment stream reaches to
improve channel stability and to improve aquatic habitat. Root wads should be
' installed low enough in the bank so that a significant portion (at least one-third)
the root wad is inundated during normal flows.
' 7. The channel must be restored to a more stable condition. However, under no
circumstances should river rock, sand or other materials be dredged from the
' stream channel under authorization of this permit except, if necessary, in the
immediate vicinity of the eroding banks for the explicit purpose of anchoring
stabilizing or flow/grade control structures or for reestablishing the natural and
more stable stream channel dimensions. Streambed materials are unstable in
10
' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
flowing-water situations and are unsuitable for bank stabilization. Stream
' dredging has catastrophic effects on aquatic life and disturbance of the natural
form of the stream channel can cause downstream erosion problems. The
natural dimension, pattern, and profile of the stream upstream and downstream
of the permitted area should not be modified by widening the stream channel or
changing its depth.
8. Stabilization measures should only be applied on or near existing erosion sites,
leaving other stable stream bank areas in a natural condition. Grading and
backfilling should be minimized and tree and shrub growth should be retained
' where possible to ensure long-term availability of stream bank cover for aquatic
life and wildlife. Backfill materials should be obtained from upland sites except
in cases where excess streambed materials are available. Berms are not
permitted because they block the floodplain, constrict and accelerate flood
flows, and often fail or impede drainage during large flood events.
9. Repairs to eroded banks should be conducted in a dry work area where possible.
Sandbags or other clean diversion structures should be used where possible to
minimize excavation in flowing water. Channel realignments s?ould be
' constructed by excavating the new channel from downstream to upstream
before connecting it to the old channel.
10. Heavy equipment should be operated from the bank whenever possible. All
mechanized equipment operated near surface waters should be inspected and
maintained regularly to prevent contamination of stream waters from fuels,
lubricants, hydraulic fluids or other toxic materials. Equipment used in stream
channel must be clean, new or low-hour equipment.
11. As long-term stream stability is a concern with this type of work, it is strongly
recommended that woody vegetation be established along stream banks where
possible. Any riparian vegetation planting should be performed in accordance
with the Guidelines for Riparian Buffer Restoration.
fhttD://h2o enr.state.nc.us/wM/pdf/buffers.pdf )
' 12. Monitoring - The Permittee shall examine the stabilization work done under
this Certification on an annual basis for three (3) years following the
completion of the restoration efforts. This field evaluation should note the
' condition and stability of the measures installed and how well the repair is
holding up. A written report must be provided to DWQ's Asheville Regional
Office by June I" of each year. The report must describe inspection results,
' include digital photographs, list the date of inspection, and describe any
needed repairs or corrections.
' 13. The Permittee will provide on-site supervision of stability work including, but
not limited to bank re-sloping, in-stream structure placement, and riparian
1 zone re-establishment by an appropriately trained individual.
1 11
' Peeks Creek - Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Plan October 2005
Macon County McGill Associates, P.A.
14. If pasture along the stream is to be used for grazing, the Permittee must
inform the appropriate landowners that cattle should be prohibited from
damaging'riparian areas and from de-stabilizing the stream banks and channel.
' 15. Diffuse Flow - All constructed storm water conveyance outlets shall be
directed and maintained as diffuse flow at non-erosive velocities through the
protected riparian zones such that it will not re-concentrate before discharging
' into a stream:
16. Water Quality Certification Notifications - The Permittee must provide a copy
of this issued Water Quality Certification and attached cover letter to each
property owner where the approved work will be performed.
17. Turbidity Standard - The turbidity standard (Nephelometric Turbidity Units)
t shall not be exceeded as described in 15A NCAC 2B .0200. Appropriate
sediment and erosion control practices must be used to meet this standard.
Finally, pending receipt of a final 404 Permit and 401 Certification, copies of these issued
documents and the associated conditions and comments provided by commenting
agencies (when available) will be included in 'all final contractor packages that will be
' used for construction of the repairs. All regulatory requirements and the measures
outlined in this document will be fully discussed with the chosen contractor and the
inspectors for McGill Associates and FWA before any construction begins. During
actual construction, inspectors will direct contractors to observe and apply good
construction practices and the requirements described in this document.

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
FOR
MACON COUNTY EWP
PEEKS CREEK SITE
STREAM REPAIRS & BANK
STABILIZATION PROJECTS
OCTOBER 2005
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Prepared for:
Macon County, NC
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS
I TITLE PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS I
1.1 SECTION INCLUDES I
1.2 SUMMARY OF WORK 1
' 1.3 WORKFORCE EXPERIENCE 1
1.4 SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS I
1.5 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT I
EMPORARY FACILITIES 1
SECTION 2 - T
2.1
2.2 SECTION INCLUDES
MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 1
1
2.3 TEMPORARY SANITARY FACILITIES 1
2.4 BARRIERS 1
2.5 TRAFFIC CONTROL 1
2.6 STAGING AREA 1
ig.7 COORDINATION WITH OWNER AND OTHER
CONTRACTORS 2
2.8 PROTECTION OF EXISTING FACILITIES,
STRUCTURES, AND SERVICES 2
2.9 PROTECTION OF INSTALLED WORK 2
2.10 PROGRESS CLEANING & WASTE REMOVAL 2
2.11 EROSION CONTROL 2
' 2.12 FINAL CLEANING 2
SECTION 3 - QUALITY CONTROL 3
r 3.1 SECTION INCLUDES 3
3.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 3
3.3 REFERENCES 3
' 3.4 CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION 3
3.5 PLANTING OBSERVATION 3
SECTION 4 - SITE PREPARATION 4

4.1 SECTION INCLUDES 4
4.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 4
4.3 UTILITY LOCATION AND PROTECTION 4
' 4.4 SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION CONTROL 4
4.5 CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT 4
4.6 CLEARING, GRUBBING, AND STRIPPING 4
4.7 DEWATERING 4
SECTION 5 - EXCAVATION 5
5.1 SECTION INCLUDES 5
5.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT 5
5.3 REFERENCES 5
5.4 PREPARATION 5
5.5 EXCAVATING 5
5.6 PLANTING PREPARATION 5
5.7 TOLERANCES 5
SECTION 6 - FILLING, BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION 6
6.1 SECTION INCLUDES 6
' 6.2
6.3 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
REFERENCES 6
6
6.4 FILL MATERIALS
6.5 PREPARATION
6.6 BACKFILLING, FILLING, AND SURFACE
PREPARATION
'6.7 COMPACTION AND QUALITY CONTROL
6.8 PROTECTION OF FINISHED WORK
6.9 TOLERANCES
SECTION 7 - CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS AND TOE
STABILIZATION
7.1 SECTION INCLUDES
7.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
7.3 REFERENCES
7.4 GENERAL
7.5 MATERIALS
7.6 TOE STABILIZATION
7.7 CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS
7.8 SLOPE PROTECTION
SECTION 8 - STREAM BANK PLANTING
8.1 SECTION INCLUDES
8.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
8.3 REFERENCES
8.4 GENERAL
8.5 LIVE STAKES
8.6 PLANT SUBSTITUTION
8.7 PLANTING PREPARATION
8.8 STREAM BANK PLANTING
8.9 PLANTING PERIODS
8.10 REMOVAL OF NUISANCE VEGETATION
8.11 WATER FOR PLANTINGS
8.12 SUBMITTALS
SECTION 9 - BUFFER PLANTING
9.1 SECTION INCLUDES
9.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
9.3 REFERENCES
9.4 GENERAL
9.5 CONTAINER GROWN PLANTS
9.6 BARE ROOT PLANTS
9.7 PLANT SUBSTITUTION
9.8 PLANTING PREPARATION
9.9 PLANTING PERIODS
9.10 REMOVAL OF NUISANCE VEGETATION
9.11 WATER FOR PLANTINGS
9.12 SUBMITTALS
SECTION 10 -PERMANENT SEEDING
10.1 SECTION INCLUDES
10.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
10.3 REFERENCES
10.4 GENERAL
10.5 SEEDBED PREPARATION
10.6 SEEDING
10.7 SEEDING DATES
10.8 SOIL AMENDMENTS
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10.9 MULCH
SECTION 11 - SEDIMENT & EROSION CONTROL
11.1 SECTION INCLUDES
11.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
11.3 REFERENCES
11.4 MATERIALS
11.5 SILT FENCE

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13 11.6 TEMPORARY SEEDING
14 SECTION 12 - SITE MAINTENANCE
14 12.1 SECTION INCLUDES
14 12.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
14 12.3 EXECUTION
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SECTION 1 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1 SECTION INCLUDES
General requirements and information related to the work including,
summary of work. '
1.2 SUMMARY OF WORK
The Macon County Stream Repairs and Bank Stabilization project
consists of the earthwork construction of repaired and stabilized
channel banks, toe stabilization, and/or planting of the repaired channel
banks and surrounding buffer area. Refer to the Construction Drawings
and to these Specifications for project details.
1.3 WORKFORCE EXPERIENCE
The Contractor is required to have the appropriately experienced
personnel on-site to operate equipment and insure that the construction
sequence and installation procedures are followed as determined by the
Engineer. Contractor personnel should be familiar with stream repair
and bank stabilization techniques and the correct method of installing
in-stream structures (i.e. rock cross-vanes).
1.4 SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
The Contractor is required to have at a minimum one excavator with a
hydraulic thumb during the construction unless otherwise approved by
the Engineer. The hydraulic excavator must be of sufficient size to lift,
manipulate, and install boulders larger than 5-foot by 4-foot by 3-foot
(a maximum of 6 tons).
1.5 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
All measurement and payment for services performed shall be as
indicated in the PROJECT AGREEMENT. As such, they are not
defined in these technical Specifications.
END OF SECTION
Storage of oil or fuel shall be confined to the construction staging area.
Refueling of all vehicles and equipment shall occur only in the staging
area. Refueling of non-mobile equipment located outside of the staging
area will be allowed with Owner approval. No refueling shall occur
within fifty feet of the channel or any other surface water or wetland.
The Contractor shall take appropriate measures to ensure safe fueling
procedures are followed.
Contractor shall provide appropriate spill prevention measures. The
Contractor shall provide a spill containment plan for both the staging
area and the construction area. The plan shall include prevention,
containment, and control of fuel or oil spillage from equipment storage,
refueling, maintenance, and operation on-site. The plan shall address
both mobile and non-mobile equipment used during construction.
Emergency spill cleanup equipment for oil and fuel spills shall be
stored on-site. The Contractor shall notify the Owner and all
applicable agencies within 24 hours of any spill.
SECTION 2 - TEMPORARY FACILITIES
2.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Required temporary facilities including site access, temporary sanitary
facilities, barriers, traffic control, construction staging area, Contractor
coordination, protection of existing facilities and installed work,
erosion control measures, and general site cleaning.
2.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT AGREEMENT
2.3 TEMPORARY SANITARY FACILITIES
Provide and maintain required sanitary facilities and enclosures. No
permanent sanitary facilities exist at the project site.
2.4 BARRIERS
Provide barriers to prevent unauthorized entry to construction areas, to
allow for Owner and Engineer access to site, and to protect existing
structures and adjacent properties from damage due to construction
operations.
2.5 TRAFFIC CONTROL
Provide traffic control as required to protect the public safety.
Conform to all requirements of State, County, City, or local laws and
requirements for traffic control. Conformance with Contract
Documents does not relieve the Contractor from responsibility for
public safety. Construction operations may be underway on adjoining
portions of the site.
2.6 STAGING AREA
The Owner will designate an area for staging of Contractor's
equipment and construction materials for the duration of construction.
This area shall be maintained so as to provide a sightly appearance and
a safe working environment. No other area shall be used for this
purpose without the approval of the Owner.
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization
Macon County Stream Repairs
Page i
Technical Specifications
October 2005
2.7 COORDINATION WITH OWNER AND OTHER
CONTRACTORS
Perform coordination with Owner and schedule work to ensure limited
disruption of daily operations. Obtain approval from Owner prior to
the disruption of any access to site utilities, structures, or locations.
Coordinate the disruption of any utility services without regard to
duration. Provide continuous representation/point of contact for
Owner during all site activities. Only access points approved by the
' Owner shall be used during construction.
2.8 PROTECTION OF EXISTING FACILITIES, STRUCTURES,
AND SERVICES
The project vicinity, including existing access routes, will continue to
be used for daily operations by the Owner and by others throughout the
duration of the construction. The Contractor shall protect existing
' facilities, structures, and services throughout the duration of
construction and provide special protection where specified in
individual specification sections. Provide temporary and removable
protection for existing structures and services.
Control activity in immediate vicinity of facilities, structures, and
services to prevent damage. Any facility, structure, or services
disturbed or damaged, either intentionally or unintentionally, shall be
removed and reinstalled or repaired to the Owner's satisfaction.
Repairs to or replacement of facilities, structures, or services shall be
performed at the expense of the Contractor. Repairs and/or
replacement shall occur without additional cost to the Owner.
2.9 PROTECTION OF INSTALLED WORK
Protect installed work and provide special protection where specified in
individual specification sections. Provide temporary and removable
protection for installed work and products. Control activity in
immediate work area to prevent damage. Any installed work disturbed
' or damaged, shall be removed and reinstalled or repaired to the
Engineer's satisfaction. Repairs to or replacement of installed work
shall be performed at the expense of the Contractor. Repairs and
replacement shall occur without additional cost to the Owner.
' 2.10 PROGRESS CLEANING AND WASTE REMOVAL
Maintain areas free of waste materials, debris, and rubbish. Maintain
' site in a clean and orderly condition. Collect and remove waste
materials, debris, and rubbish from site daily and dispose off site.
Remove temporary utilities, equipment, facilities, and materials prior to
Final Application for Payment inspection. Restore existing facilities
used during construction to original condition.
2.11 EROSION CONTROL
' Contractor shall be responsible for preventing erosion on the site and
sedimentation off the site. Methods shall be employed as
recommended in the North Carolina Erosion and Sediment Control
Planning and Design Manual, latest edition.

2.12 FINAL CLEANING
Execute final cleaning prior to final project assessment. Clean site and
all installed work. Remove waste and surplus construction materials,
rubbish, and construction facilities from the site.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 2 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005
SECTION 3 - QUALITY CONTROL
3.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Observation of construction operations and buffer and stream bank
planting.
3.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
3.3 REFERENCES
1 For products or workmanship specified by association, trade, or other
consensus, comply with requirements of the standard, except when
more rigid requirements are specified or are required by applicable
codes.
I Conform to reference standard by date of issue on date of Contract
Documents, except where a specific date is established by code.

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Section 6 (Filling, Backfilling, and Compaction) of these
Specifications.
h
Section 8 (Stream Bank Planting) of these Specifications.
Section 9 (Wetland and Buffer Planting) of these Specifications.
END OF SECTION
Observation of planting operations does not relieve Contractor of
obligation to perform work to contract requirements. The Contractor
shall allow observation personnel access to materials (see stream bank
plantings specified in Section 8) and the construction-site as required.
3.4 CONSTRUCTION OBSERVATION
The Owner has engaged the Engineer to observe construction
operations as required in these Specifications. Reports (either verbal or
written) shall be submitted concurrently to the Owner and Contractor,
indicating observations and indicating compliance or non-compliance
with Contract Documents.
Observation of construction operations does not relieve Contractor of
obligation to perform work to contract requirements. The Contractor
'shall allow observation personnel access to materials and the
construction-site as required.
3.5 PLANTING OBSERVATION
The Owner has engaged the Engineer to observe stream bank and
buffer planting as required in these Specifications. Reports will be
submitted concurrently to the ,Owner and Contractor, indicating
observations and indicating compliance or non-compliance with
Contract Documents.
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization
Macon County Stream Repairs
Page 3
Technical Specifications
October 2005

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SECTION 4 - SITE PREPARATION
4.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Site preparation shall consist of utility location and protection, clearing,
grubbing and stripping of the work area, and construction of any
required temporary construction access routes and temporary sediment
and erosion control measures.
4.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
4.3 UTILITY LOCATION AND PROTECTION
The Contractor shall locate all existing utilities and mark them for
identification. Contractor shall provide means for protecting utilities
from any damage during site work. Repair of damaged utilities shall be
at the Contractor's expense. Coordination should be made with Owner
to locate and mark site specific utilities. NC ONE CALL (1-800-632-
4949)
4.4 SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION CONTROL
Contractor shall be responsible for preventing erosion on the site and
sedimentation off the site. Methods shall be employed as
recommended in the North Carolina Erosion and Sediment Control
Planning and Design Manual, latest edition.
The Contractor shall control sedimentation runoff with methods
approved by the Engineer during the course of construction of this
Project. Depending on the magnitude of the clearing and grubbing
associated with the project, an Erosion Control Plan may be required
Temporary erosion and sediment control measures shall be installed as
described in Section 11 (Sediment & Erosion Control). The Contractor
shall conform to all the rules, regulations, laws, and ordinances of the
State of North Carolina, and of all other authorities having jurisdiction.
4.5 CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT
The construction layout may include, but will not necessarily be limited
to, channel disturbance limits, earthwork limits, and appropriate
grading values. The Contractor is responsible for the construction
surveying and layout. The Contractor is required to have a laser level
or other equivalent equipment available on-site during the entire period
of construction.
4.6 CLEARING, GRUBBING, AND STRIPPING
Conform to applicable codes for environmental requirements, disposal
of debris, and erosion and sedimentation control as described above.
Coordinate clearing work with utility owners and operators as
described above. Establish a schedule for daily removal of debris from
the site. Debris may not be stockpiled on-site. Clear areas required for
access to site and execution of work. Remove trees, stumps, other
wood, metal, or rubble debris within work areas unless otherwise
directed by Engineer.
Remove stumps, main root ball, and all roots with a diameter greater
than 2 inches. Leave area in a clean and neat condition. Grade site
surface daily to control the direction of channelized flow and prevent
free standing surface water.
In areas where bank repairs will be implemented, the existing top six
inches of soil should be removed and stockpiled prior to excavation,
construction, or reconstruction efforts.
4.7 DEWATERING
Comply with all rules, regulations, laws, and ordinances of the State of
North Carolina, and of all other authorities having jurisdiction.
Provide, without additional cost to the Owner, all labor, materials,
equipment, and services necessary to make the work comply with such
requirements. Install all barriers, erosion and sedimentation control
devices, silt fences, and other measures as required to prevent off-site
sedimentation.
Grade and ditch the site as necessary to direct surface runoff away from
open excavations and subgrade surfaces. All water drained from the
Work shall be disposed of in a manner that will not result in undue
interference with other work or damage adjacent properties, other
surfaces, structures, and utilities. All water due to the dewatering
operation shall be legally disposed of in accordance with all applicable
State and federal regulations and other applicable regulations.
Under no circumstances shall fill be placed in excavations containing
standing water without approval of the Engineer.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 4 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005

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SECTION 5 - EXCAVATION
5.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to excavate for channel
restoration without damage or interruption of utility service.
5.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
5.3 REFERENCES
Occupational Safety and Health Administration - Construction
Standards for Excavations, 29 CFR Part 1926.650-.652.
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
5.4 PREPARATION
Locate, identify, and protect utilities from damage as described in
Section 4.3. Notify utility companies and coordinate for and/or install
protection of utilities.
5.5 EXCAVATING
Protect all utilities and structures that may be damaged by excavating
work.
In areas where floodplain grading will be implemented, the existing top
six inches of soil should be removed and stored prior to construction or
reconstruction efforts.
Perform Work in accordance with Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) - Construction Standards for Excavations, 29
CFR Part 1926.650-.652. Provide trench and excavation protection as
required. Slope banks with machine to stabilize the slope or flatten it
until shored. Grade top perimeter of excavation to prevent surface
water from draining into excavation. Where required to protect
utilities, perform excavation by hand.
Remove subsoil, boulders, and rock as directed by the Engineer.
Notify Engineer if subsurface conditions require excavation of larger
subsoil, boulders, and rock, and discontinue Work. Engineer may
direct adjustment in construction elevations. Adjustment of elevations
shall not be a basis for additional payment.
Correct areas over excavated in accordance with Section 6 (Filling,
Backfilling, and Compaction) and as shown in the Construction
Drawings. Stockpile select excavated material on-site for re-use in
backfill. Stockpile location shall be subject to Owner approval.
5.6 PLANTING PREPARATION
In areas where buffer planting will be implemented, the stockpiled
topsoil and/or off-site topsoil (as required), should be distributed in
preparation for restoration planting operations as described in
SECTION 7 (Channel Protective Linings and Toe Stabilization) of
these Specifications. The Contractor is ultimately responsible for
establishing a suitable planting medium with a minimum depth of four
(4) inches.
All areas where topsoil is distributed shall be disked or harrowed to
ensure soil aeration and to increase the surface roughness prior to
planting.
5.7 TOLERANCES
Top surface of channel protective lining (where applicable): Plus or
minus one inch from required elevations.
Top surface of fill, backfill, and topsoil: Plus or minus one inch from
required elevations.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 5 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005
SECTION 6 - FILLING, BACKFILLING AND COMPACTION place. Backfill with ordinary fill material and compact to density equal
to or greater than requirements for subsequent fill material.

6.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to perform filling,
backfilling, and compaction necessary for construction of repaired
channel banks, and other site work as shown on the Drawings without
damage or interruption of utility service.
Replacement of removed topsoil shall be as described in SECTION 5.6
(Planting Preparation) of these Specifications.
6.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
6.3 REFERENCES
ASTM D698 - Test Methods for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils
and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures, Using 5.5 lb. Rammer and 12-inch Drop.
ASTM D1556 - Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the
Sand-Cone Method.
ASTM D2922 - Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate
in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).
ASTM D3017 - Test Methods for Water Content of Soil and Rock in
Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).
ASTM D2487 - Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes.
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
6.4 FILL MATERIALS
6.6 BACKFILLING, FILLING, AND SURFACE PREPARATION
Backfill areas to contours and elevations with unfrozen materials. Do
not backfill over porous, frozen, or spongy subgrade surfaces. Employ
a placement method that does not disturb or damage other work.
Make gradual grade changes. Blend slope into level areas. Place
backfill and fill in loose level lifts not to exceed six inches in thickness
before compaction.
Earth fill in repaired channel banks and other structures shall be placed
so as to meet the following additional requirements:
a. The distribution of materials throughout each zone shall be
essentially uniform and the fill shall be free from lenses, pockets,
streaks, or layers of material differing substantially in texture or
gradation from the surrounding materials.
b. Backfill areas to contours and elevations with unfrozen materials.
Do not backfill over porous, frozen, or spongy subgrade surfaces.
Employ a placement method that does not disturb or damage other
work. Place backfill and fill in loose level lifts not to exceed six
inches in thickness before compaction. Make gradual grade
changes. Blend slope into level areas.
c. If the surface of any layer becomes too hard and smooth for proper
bond with the succeeding layer, it shalllbe scarified parallel to the
axis of the fill to a depth of not less than 2 inches before the next
layer is placed.
d. The top surfaces of embankments shall be maintained
approximately level during construction, except that a crown or
cross-slope of not less than 2% shall be maintained to insure
effective drainage, and except as otherwise specified for drain fill
zones.

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Soil excavated during construction and stockpiled may be re-used as
fill provided that it can be conditioned and compacted as specified.
Supplement or replace excavated soils with channel bed material or
ordinary fill as shown on the Drawings and as needed to complete
work. Fill for Lower Bank Zone shall consist of channel bed material
from an approved borrow source. Ordinary fill for Mid-Bank and
Upper Bank Zones shall be any soil classified as SM, SC, SP-SM, SP-
SC, SC-SM, SP, or SW under ASTM D2487 unless otherwise directed
by the Engineer.
If soil excavated during cut operations is not re-used, it shall be
removed from the site to an appropriate disposal facility at no
additional charge to Owner. The Contractor shall be responsible for
the payment of all fees associated with transportation and disposal of
unusable materials.
Suitable borrow material may be available within the vicinity of the
project site but must be identified by the Contractor and approved by
the Engineer.
6.5 PREPARATION
Compact subgrade to density requirements for subsequent backfill
materials. Cut out soft areas of subgrade not capable of compaction in
e. Repaired channel banks shall be constructed so that the slope of
the bonding surfaces between embankment in place and
embankment to be placed is not steeper than 1 foot horizontal to 1
foot vertical, unless otherwise specified on the Contract Drawings.
New embankment material shall be benched into existing slope as
shown on the plans. Short bench levels shall be formed to a slope
of 1 H:1 V or flatter, based on existing slope conditions as
determined by the Engineer at the time of construction, unless
otherwise specified on the Contract Drawings. Benching shall be
constructed in such a fashion as to inhibit the formation of
preferential planes of slope failure. The bonding surface of the
embankment in place shall be stripped of all loose material, and
shall be scarified, moistened and recompacted when the new fill is
placed against it as needed to insure a good bond with the new fill
and to obtain the specified moisture content and density in the
junction of the in-place and new fill. Any variation to this method
of tying new fill into the existing filled bank shall be determined
in the field at time of construction by the Engineer.
6.7 COMPACTION AND QUALITY CONTROL
For backfill operations, compaction shall be performed using tracked
equipment as directed by the Engineer. Compaction greater than that
provided by tracked equipment may be deemed necessary by the
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 6 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005

Engineer based on-site or soil conditions. Provide compaction as
directed by the Engineer. Lift thickness shall not exceed 6".
6.8 PROTECTION OF FINISHED WORK
Protect finished work. Reshape and re-compact fills subjected to
vehicular traffic or damaged by erosion.
6.9 TOLERANCES
' Top surface of channel protection lining (where applicable): Plus or
minus one inch from required elevations.
Top surface of fill, backfill, and topsoil: Plus or minus one inch from
' required elevations.
Top surface of floodplain (where applicable): Plus or minus one inch
from required elevations.
END OF SECTION

SECTION 7 - CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS AND TOE
STABILIZATION
7.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Temporary and permanent channel erosion protective linings and toe
stabilization.
7.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
'See PROJECT CONTRACT
7.3 REFERENCES
The following specifications and methods form a part of this
Specification:
ASTM C88 - Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by
Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
ASTM C127 - Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity and
Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
NCDOT - Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures.
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
7.4 GENERAL
A Channel Protective Lining has been selected along channel banks.
Toe stabilization will be installed to provide additional bank protection
where shown on the Drawings. Materials to be used in Channel
Protective Linings and the Toe Stabilization are specified in this
section.

Channel erosion protection linings shall be constructed of the materials
specified in this section and as shown on the Drawings. Linings shall
be laid true to the grade shown on the Drawings. Linings shall make a
smooth interface with the surrounding grade. Any portion of the lining
which has its grade or surface disturbed after placement shall be
repaired. Any portion thereof already in place which is found to be
defective or damaged shall be repaired or replaced, as directed by the
Engineer, without additional cost to the Owner.
The toe stabilization shall be constructed of the materials specified in
this section and as shown on the Drawings. Any portion of the
structure which is disturbed after placement shall be repaired. Any
portion of the structure found to be defective or damaged shall be
repaired or replaced, as directed by the Engineer, without additional
cost to the Owner.
7.5 MATERIALS
Materials include excelsior and coir fiber matting manufactured
especially for erosion control, Eco-Stakes, wire staples, nonwoven
geotextile, boulders, channel bed material, NCDOT Coarse Aggregate
Size #57, NCDOT Class A Erosion Control Stone, NCDOT Class B
Erosion Control Stone, NCDOT Class 1 Rip Rap (RipRap), and
NCDOT Class 2 Rip Rap (RipRap).
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization
Macon County Stream Repairs
Page 7
Technical Specifications
October 2005
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Matting for erosion control in areas other than stream banks with mild
slopes shall be excelsior matting. Excelsior matting shall consist of a
machine produced mat of curled wood excelsior that is a minimum of
47 inches in width. The mat shall weigh 0.975 pounds per square yard
with a tolerance of plus or minus 10 percent. At least 80 percent of the
individual excelsior fibers shall be 6 inches or more in length. The
excelsior fibers shall be evenly distributed over the entire area of the
blanket. One side of the excelsior matting shall be covered with an
extruded plastic mesh. The mesh size for the plastic shall be a
maximum of I" x I" square. Matting for erosion control shall not be
dyed, bleached, or otherwise treated in a manner that will result in
toxicity to vegetation. Other acceptable material manufactured
especially for erosion control may be used when approved by the
Engineer in writing before being used.
Erosion control matting for stream banks shall be CF 7 coir matting.
Matting shall be 100% coir fiber. Minimum Specifications for coir
matting as follows:
Weight 20.6 oz/yd2 (700 g/m2) ASTM-133776
Thickness 6.34 mm
Water Velocity 10 ft/s
Grab/Elongation (Dry) 115.81bs/23.9% MD ASTM-134594
54.1 lbs/33.5% XD
Manning's n 0.0294
Max Shear Stress 4.46 lb/ft
Nonwoven Geotextile: Geotextile shall be a nonwoven fabric with a
minimum weight of 12 ounces per square yard (ASTM D3776), a
minimum grab strength in either direction of 180 pounds (ASTM
D4632), a minimum puncture resistance of (ASTM D4833) of 85
pounds, and permeability of (ASTM D4491.) greater than 0.2 cm/sec.
Fabric meeting these Specifications shall still be subject to approval or
rejection by the Engineer. At the time of installation, the fabric will be
rejected if it has defects, rips, holes, flaws, deterioration, or damage
incurred during the manufacture, transportation, or storage.
NCDOT Coarse Aggregate Size #57: Shall conform to gradation
requirements of Table 1005-1, NCDOT Specifications.
NCDOT Class A Erosion Control Stone: 2 to 6-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards
(No more than 5% of the material fumished can be less than the
minimum size specified, nor more than 10% of the material can exceed
the maximum size specified). Concrete rubble shall not be used.
NCDOT Class B Erosion Control Stone: 5 to 12-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards
(No more than 5% of the material fumished can be less than the
minimum size specified, nor more than 10% of the material can exceed
the maximum size specified). Concrete rubble shall not be used.
NCDOT Class 1 Rip Rap (RipRap): 5 to 17-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards.
The stone shall vary in weight from 5 to 200 pounds with 30%
weighing a minimum of 60 pounds each and 10% weighing a minimum
of 15 pounds each. (No more than 5% of the material furnished can be
less than the minimum size specified, nor can more than 10% of the
material exceed the maximum size specified). The rock fragments shall
be angular to subrounded in shape. Concrete rubble shall not be used.
NCDOT Class 2 Rip Rap (RipRap): 9 to 23-inch, widely graded,
durable, crushed stone conforming to applicable NCDOT standards.
The stone shall vary in weight from 25 to 250 pounds and 60% shall
weigh a minimum of 100 pounds each. (No more than 5% of the
material furnished can be less than the minimum size specified, nor can
more than 10% of the material exceed the maximum size specified).
The rock fragments shall be angular to subrounded in shape. Concrete
rubble shall not be used.
Boulders (Toe Stabilization and Footer Rocks): Boulders of
approximate dimension 5' x 3' x 2' shall be individually picked by
Contractor from the quart' or the on-site stockpile for use in in-stream
structure construction. Boulders as small as 3' x 2' x 2' may be used;
however, they shall not constitute more than 30% of the total boulders.
Boulders shall be relatively flat on either side in the same dimension,
preferably the long dimension and must have smooth ends.
7.6 TOE STABILIZATION
The work covered by this section consists of the construction rock toe
stabilization.
The length of toe stabilization to be constructed will be affected by
actual conditions that occur during the construction of the project.
Such variations in quantity will not be considered as alterations in the
details of construction or a change of character of the work.
A tracked hydraulic excavator with a thumb of sufficient size to move
specified boulders is required for this item. Precise placement of toe
stabilization will be determined during construction by the Engineer
and may not reflect the construction Drawings. Toe stabilization
installed must be inspected and approved by the Engineer. Excavation
for the purpose of installation is incidental and is covered by this line
item.
The excavation of the subgrade and installation will be consecutive and
continuous. Once the installation procedure has been initiated, it will
be completed before the end of the workday. Any incidental/accidental
discharge of sediment accumulation as a result of the installation
procedure will be removed or integrated into the designed bedform.
Excavation shall terminate at bedrock if contacted prior to the design
grade. Bedrock will be excavated only if it is determined to be rippable
and necessary by the Engineer.
Install toe stabilization as shown on the Drawings and as directed by
the Engineer. Grade area where toe stabilization is to be constructed.
Surface shall be free of obstructions, debris, and pockets of soft or low
density material. Unless otherwise directed by the Engineer, the stone
shall be placed on the slope and/or angle as indicated on the plans. The
stone shall be graded so that the smaller stones are uniformly
distributed throughout the mass. The Contractor may place the stone
by mechanical methods provided that when the work is completed, it
forms a properly graded, dense, neat layer of stone.
7.7 CHANNEL PROTECTIVE LININGS
Grade the area to be lined. Surface shall be free of obstructions, debris,
and pockets of soft or low density material. The rock weir structures
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 8 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005

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shall be completed prior to installation of the channel protective
linings.
Cover area with all available on-site stockpiled topsoil to a preferred
minimum depth of 4 inches. Final grade with topsoil shall be as shown
on Drawings. Topsoil shall be prepared with fertilizer and lime, and
seeded as described in Section 10 (Permanent Seeding) of these
Specifications. The Contractor is ultimately responsible for
establishing a suitable planting medium with a minimum depth of six
(6) inches.
Install CF-7 erosion control matting perpendicular to the axis of the
stream. The matting shall be laid smooth and free from tension, stress,
folds, wrinkles and creases. Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of
12 inches with the upper matting overlapping the lower matting.
Vertical overlaps in matting shall be a minimum of 12 inches with the
upstream matting overlapping the downstream matting.
The top (crest) edge of the matting shall be anchored in a trench at least
12 inches deep, as shown on the Construction Drawings, to prevent
undercutting of the matting. The trench should be located a minimum
of 12 inches from the top of bank, and shall not alter channel or
floodplain grade. Matting trench and Eco-Stakes® shall be installed as
phown on Drawings. Matting shall be anchored utilizing Eco-stake®
brand stakes installed not more than 3 feet apart (3' on centers) and
staggered, with a minimum of 3 stakes per square yard of matting over
the entire lined area. 24-inch Eco-stakes® shall be used along the toe
of the channel and 12-inch stakes shall be used within the field and top
edge of the matting as detailed on the Construction Drawings. Along
all laps (both vertical and horizontal) in the matting, install a common
row of staples at the seam, installing staples on 1 foot (12 inch) centers.
Along the toe, 24 inch Eco-Stakes® shall be spaced not more than 2
feet All stakes shall be driven perpendicular to the axis of the stream as
shown on Drawings. Care shall be taken to avoid damage to matting
material.
In the event that the matting is displaced or damaged during
installation, the matting shall be repositioned or replaced. This will be
done at no additional cost to the Owner.
7.8 SLOPE PROTECTION
Grade area to be lined. Surface shall be free of obstructions, debris,
and pockets of soft or low density material.
Cover area with all available on-site stockpiled topsoil to a preferred
minimum depth of 4 inches. Final grade with topsoil shall be as shown
on Drawings. Topsoil shall be prepared with fertilizer and lime, and
seeded as described in Section 10 (Permanent Seeding) of these
Specifications. The Contractor is ultimately responsible for
establishing a suitable planting medium with a minimum depth of four
(4) inches.
Install excelsior matting perpendicular to slope. Matting shall.be
unrolled with netting material on top and blanket material in contact
with the soil. (Note: some excelsior matting has netting on both sides.)
The matting shall be laid smooth and free from tension, stress, folds,
wrinkles and creases. Horizontal overlaps shall be a minimum of 12
inches with the upper matting overlapping the lower matting. Vertical
overlaps in matting shall be a minimum of 12 inches.
The top (crest) and bottom (toe) edges of the matting shall be anchored
in trench at least 12 inches deep as shown on Drawings to prevent
undercutting of the matting. Matting trench and wire staples shall be
constructed and installed as shown on Drawings. Wire staples shall be
installed not more than 3 feet apart (Yon centers) and staggered, with a
minimum of 3 stakes per square yard of matting over the entire lined
area. Staples shall be driven perpendicular to the soil surface. Staples
shall be driven flush with soil surface to reduce potential for movement
of the erosion control matting. Staples shall be installed in parallel
rows on 3' centers and in trenches at the top and bottom of the slope as
shown on Drawings. Along all laps (both vertical and horizontal) in
the matting, install a common row of staples at the seam, installing
'staples on Ifoot (12 inch) centers. All standard anchoring staples shall
be 18 inches in length. Staples shall be driven in with a wooden
mallet. Care shall be taken to avoid damage to matting material.
In the event that the matting is displaced or damaged during
installation, the matting shall be repositioned or replaced. This will be
done at no additional cost to the Owner.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 9 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005

SECTION 8 - STREAM BANK PLANTING 8.6 PLANT SUBSTITUTION

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81 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to implement stream bank
planting plan.
8.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
8.3 REFERENCES
The following specifications and methods form a part of this
Specification:
NCDOT - Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures.
15 NCAC 213.200 - Classification of Water Quality Standards
Applicable to Surface Waters & Wetlands of North Carolina
American Standard for Nursery Stock, latest edition
NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
8.4 GENERAL
All plants shall be as called for by these Specifications and shown on
the Drawings. All plants delivered shall be true to name. Each plant,
or group of the same species, variety, and size of plant, shall be legibly
tagged with the name and size of the plant.
All plants shall be first-class representatives of their species. Stakes
shall be reasonably straight.
All plants shall be free from plant diseases and insect pests. All
shipments of plants shall comply with all nursery inspection and plant
quarantine regulations of the States of origin and destination, as well as
with Federal regulations governing interstate movement of stock. If
stock from other States is used, the stock shall be accompanied by a tag
or certificate stating, in effect, that the stock has been inspected and
certified by an authorized official of the State of origin as apparently
free from injurious plant pests.
All plants shall be subject to inspection at any time by the Engineer.
Any such inspection before or during planting operations, however
shall not be construed as final acceptance of the plants involved.
8.5 LIVE STAKES
Live stakes, if approved for use by the Engineer, shall consist of freshly
cut live plants of select stock which has been developed by proper
cultural treatment. Stakes and cuttings shall be 3/8" to 1/2" diameter
and between 12 and 18 inches long. They shall be carefully cut from
mother-stock plantings. Plant materials shall be packaged, transported,
and handled in a manner that will prevent injury, drying out, or
freezing.
No change in the specified plants (species, variety, size, caliper,
furnish, etc.) will be made without written approval of the Engineer.
All requests by the Contractor for substitutions shall be presented in
writing and shall include a listing of the sources which have been
contacted in an attempt to secure the specified plant material. Requests
for substitutions shall include botanical name, common name, size,
caliper, and furnish description of the proposed substitute. No increase
in compensation will be made to the Contractor as a result of the use of
the approved substitute plants.
8.7 PLANTING PREPARATION
In areas where stream restoration will be implemented, preparation for
restoration planting operations shall be as described in SECTION 7
(Channel Protective Linings) of these Specifications.
Where live stakes shall be planted, through the Channel Protective
Lining, holes shall be made by neatly punching a hole in the matting
with a dibble bar (a heavy metal tool with a blade and a foot petal).
The dimensions of the hole shall not exceed 3" in any direction and
shall not damage the surrounding matting.
8.8 STREAM BANK PLANTING
Where live stakes shall be planted, they shall be installed at a 45 to 60
degree angle in the direction of stream flow. The buds of stakes and
plant cuttings should point upward and abou? 2 inches of wood should
be exposed above the ground surface. Tamp the surrounding soil
firmly to eliminate air pockets.
Where stream bank planting is directed, areas shall be planted with
trees, using 10-foot by 10-foot centers as shown on the Construction
Drawings. Areas planted with shrubs will be on 12-foot by 12-foot
centers.
Care should be taken to avoid planting stakes too deep or too shallow,
and to avoid damage to stakes during planting. Planting depth should
be in accordance with listed references and supplier recommendations.
8.9 PLANTING PERIODS
The installation of live stakes, bare root, or container grown plants
shall be performed between October 15 and December 15, 2005.
However, planting can not begin until all stream repairs have been
completed. Live stake planting not completed until April 1-30, 2006.
8. 10 REMOVAL OF NUISANCE VEGETATION
Removal or control of nuisance vegetation shall be performed for a
period of 90 days as necessary to ensure adequate survival of specified
plant species.
8.11 WATER FOR PLANTINGS
The Contractor shall install a rain gage and collect daily gage readings
at the site. Contractor shall provide initial watering on the day of
planting and thereafter at a minimum rate of 1 inch per week (including
rainfall) for a period of 90 days. Water used in the planting or care of
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization
Macon County Stream Repairs
Page 10
Technical Specifications
October 2005
vegetation and plantings shall meet the requirements of Class C fresh
waters as defined in 15 NAC 213.200. SECTION 9 - BUFFER PLANTING
P
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8.12 SUBMITTALS
9.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Provide all necessary equipment and labor to implement buffer planting
plan.
9.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
9.3 REFERENCES
American Standard for Nursery Stock, latest edition
NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual
15 NCAC 213.200 - Classification of Water Quality Standards
Applicable to Surface Waters & Wetlands of North Carolina
The following specifications and methods form a part of this
Specification:
NCDOT - Standard Specifications for Roads and Structures.
Contractor shall submit purchase certificates (br other proof) of all
species planted.
END OF SECTION

When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
9.4 GENERAL
All plants shall be as called for by these Specifications. Bare rooted
plants may be used in lieu of container grown plants provided written
approval for such use has been obtained from the Engineer. Grading of
plants, type and minimum dimensions of containers shall conform to
the Specifications contained in the latest edition of American Standard
for Nursery Stock. Plants shall not be cut back from larger sizes to
meet sizes called for on the Drawings. All plants delivered shall be
true to name. Each plant, or group of the same species, variety, and
size of plant, shall be legibly tagged with the name and size of the
plant.
All plants shall be first-class representatives of their species. The root
system shall be vigorous and well-developed. The branch systems shall
be of normal development, and free from disfiguring knots, sun scald
injuries, abrasions of the bark, dead or dry wood, broken terminal
growth, or other objectionable disfigurements. Trees shall have
reasonably straight stems, and shall be well branched and symmetrical
in accordance with their natural habits of growth.

All plants shall be free from plant diseases and insect pests. All
shipments of plants shall comply with all nursery inspection and plant
quarantine regulations of the States of origin and destination, as well as
with Federal regulations governing interstate movement of nursery
stock. If nursery stock from other States is used, the stock shall be
accompanied by a tag or certificate stating, in effect, that the nursery
stock has been inspected and certified by an authorized official of the
State of origin as apparently free from injurious plant pests.
All plants shall be subject to inspection at any time by the Owner,
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 11 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005
' Engineer, or a party to be named by the Owner. Any such inspection
before or during planting operations, however shall not be construed as
' final acceptance of the plants involved.
9.5 CONTAINER GROWN PLANTS
' Container grown plants shall be healthy, vigorous, well-rooted, and
shall have become established in the container in which they are
delivered. These plants shall have been in the established container
long enough for the fibrous roots to have developed so that the root
' mass will retain its shape and hold together when removed from the
container. The container shall be a 1 gallon container or larger,
sufficiently rigid to firmly hold the soil protecting the root during
transporting, handling, and planting, and the soil shall not be allowed
to become frozen.
9.6 BARE ROOT PLANTS
' Bare root plants, if approved for use by the Engineer, shall have a
heavy fibrous root system which has been developed by proper cultural
treatment. They shall be dug, packaged, transported, and handled in a
' manner that will prevent injury to or drying out of the trunks, branches,
or roots, or freezing of the roots.
9.7 PLANT SUBSTITUTION

No change in the specified plants (species, variety, size, caliper,
furnish, etc.) will be made without written approval of the Engineer.
All requests by the Contractor for substitutions shall be presented in
writing and shall include a listing of the sources which have been
contacted in an attempt to secure the specified plant material. Requests
for substitutions shall include botanical name, common name, size,
caliper, and furnish description of the proposed substitute. No increase
in compensation will be made to the Contractor as a result of the use of
the approved substitute plants.
9.8 PLANTING PREPARATION
In areas where wetland and buffer planting will be implemented,
preparation for planting operations shall be as described in SECTION
5.6 (Planting Preparation) of these Specifications.
Where container grown plants will be planted, holes made in
preparation for tree and shrub species planting shall be as shown on the
Construction Drawings.
Bare root plants and container-grown plants shall be planted in holes
made by neatly punching a hole through slope protection matting and
into existing grade with a dibble bar (a heavy metal tool with a blade
and a foot petal). The dimensions of the hole shall not exceed 3" in any
direction.
9.9 PLANTING PERIODS
The installation of bare root and container grown plants shall be
performed between October 15 and December 15, 2005. However,
planting can not begin until all stream repairs have been completed.
9.10 REMOVAL OF NUISANCE VEGETATION
Removal or control of nuisance vegetation shall be performed for a
period of 90 days as necessary to ensure adequate survival of specified
plant species.
9.11 WATER FOR PLANTINGS
The Contractor shall install a rain gage and collect daily gage readings
at the site. Contractor shall provide initial watering on the day of
planting and thereafter at a minimum rate of 1" per week (including
rainfall) for a period of 90 days. Water used in the planting or care of
vegetation and plantings shall meet the requirements of Class C fresh
waters as defined in 15 NAC 2B.200.
9.12 SUBMITTALS
Contractor shall submit purchase certificates (or other proof) of all
species planted.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 12 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005

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SECTION 10 -PERMANENT SEEDING
10.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Permanent seeding for permanent site stabilization.
10.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
10.3 REFERENCES
The following specifications and methods form a part of this
Specification:
NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
10.4 GENERAL
Permanent seeding shall be executed in temporary lined areas and all
other areas which are disturbed during construction activities. In areas
where Channel Protective Lining will be installed, seedbed preparation
and seeding shall be performed prior to the placement of erosion
control matting (See SECTION 7 - Channel Protective Linings).
10.5 SEEDBED PREPARATION
Complete grading before topsoiling or preparing seedbeds. Avoid
creating steep slopes. Excess stockpiled topsoil not used in
construction of Channel Protective Lining shall be redistributed across
areas to be seeded. Where topsoil is unavailable, topsoil shall be
imported.
The topsoil should be spread to a uniform depth of six inches and
bonded to the subsoil by loosening with a disc, harrow, or chisel plow.
Areas where seeding will occur on exposed finished grade shall be
disked or harrowed to ensure soil aeration and to increase the surface
roughness prior to planting.
Apply lime and fertili?er evenly across seedbed and work into the top
4-6 inches of soil by discing or other suitable means. Operate
machinery on the contour.
areas where Channel Protective Lining will be installed, no mulch shall
be used and erosion control matting shall be placed within 24 hours of
seeding. Apply mulch at the rates indicated below. The native species
herbaceous seeding mixtures indicated below will be applied at a rate
of 1/2 pound per 1000 square feet and will be mixed with the appropriate
amount of rye or millet.
Native Species Herbaceous Seeding Mixture:
' Rework the surface if soil becomes compacted or crusted prior to
seeding. Complete seedbed preparation by breaking up large clods and
raking into a smooth, uniform surface. Fill in or level depressions that
can collect water.
' 10.6 SEEDING
Apply permanent seeding to seedbed after preparation is complete. Use
certified seed for permanent seeding whenever possible. Certified seed
is inspected by the North Carolina Crop Improvement Association. It
meets published North Carolina Standards and should bear an official
' "Certified Seed" label. Broadcast seed into a freshly loosened seedbed
that has not been settled by rainfall. Mulch must be used on slopes
4H:1 V or steeper and in areas when concentrated water may flow.
Anchor mulch with netting in areas subject to concentrated flow. In

In the Lower Bank Zone:
Species
Scarlet Beebalm
Jewelweed
Common Rush
Forget-me-not
Sedge
Elderberry
All other disturbed areas:
(Monarda didyma)
(Impatiens capensis)
(Juncus effuses)
(Myosotis scorpioides)
(Carex sp.)
(Sambucus canadensis)
Species
Queen Anne's Lace (Daucus carota)
Red Clover (Trifoium pratense)
Narrowleaf Plantain (Plantago lanceolata)
Clasping Venus' Looking-glass
(Specularia perfoliata)
Common Plantain (Plantago major)
Native Grasses
Grass Seeding
LTe Dates Possible Rate
Annual Rye Aug. 15 - May 1 60 lbs./ac.
German Millet Mayl -Aug 15 40 lbs./ac.
Mulch Rate (1bs11000 sg.
Grain Straw 70
10.7 SEEDING DATES
Seeding dates given in these Seeding Specifications have the best
probability of success.
Best Possible
Late winter 15 Feb-15 Mar 1 Dec-15 Mar
Late Fall 1 Sept-30 Sept 1 Oct-30 Nov
Seeding shall be completed within the "possible" range of dates.
10.8 SOIL AMENDMENTS
Apply lime and fertilizer according to soil tests, or apply 2 tons/acre
(4,000 lb/acre) ground agricultural limestone and 1,000 lb/acre 5-10-10
fertilizer, or as directed by the Engineer.
10.9 MULCH
Apply grain straw, or equivalent cover of another suitable mulching
material as described above. Anchor mulch by roving or netting.
Netting shall be used on slopes steeper than 2H:1 V.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization
Macon County Stream Repairs
Page 13
Technical Specifications
October 2005
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SECTION II - SEDIMENT & EROSION CONTROL
11.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Installation of temporary sediment and erosion control measures to
include installation of silt fence and temporary seeding measures. The
Contractor shall maintain these measures to ensure proper structure
function and vigorous temporary vegetative cover during construction.
11.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
11.3 REFERENCES
The following specifications and methods form a part of this
Specification:
ASTM D4355 - Standard Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles
from Exposure to Ultraviolet Light and Water (Xenon-Arc Type
Apparatus)
ASTM D4632 - Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and
Elongation of Geotextiles
ASTM D4751 - Standard Test Method for Determining Apparent
Opening Size of a Geotextile
NCDENR - Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design
Manual
When the Specifications or Drawings differ from the requirements of
the above-referenced documents, the more stringent requirements shall
apply.
11.4 MATERIALS
Silt Fence: Silt fence shall have steel posts, woven wire fabric, and
filter fabric. The steel post shall have a minimum length of Y and
minimum width of 13/4". The steel posts shall have projections for
fastening the wire to the fence. The woven wire fabric shall be at lest
32 inches high, and shall have at least 6 horizontal wires. Vertical
wires shall be spaced a maximum of 12 inches apart. The top and
bottom wires shall be at least 10 gauge. All other wires shall be at least
12%: gauge. The silt fence filter fabric shall meet the following
minimum criteria:
Grab Tensile Strength 100 lbs.
Grab Tensile Elongation 15%
UV Resistance 70 ova
Apparent Opening Size (AOS) 20 (US Sieve)
11.5 SILT FENCE
The Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, tools and other items
necessary to furnish and install the silt fence as shown on the Drawings
and specified herein. The silt fence shall be placed following the
contours as closely as possible. The ends of the silt fence shall be
turned uphill.
The posts shall not exceed a spacing of 8 feet. The posts shall be
driven into the ground and shall extend above ground as shown on the
Drawings. The filter fabric shall be stapled or wired to each post. The
filter fabric shall extend into the ground as shown in the Drawings.
If possible, the filter fabric shall be cut from a continuous roll to avoid
the use of joints. When joints are necessary, securely fasten the filter
cloth only at a support with overlap to the next post.
Silt fences shall be inspected weekly and after each significant storm (1
inch in 24 hrs.). Any required repairs shall be made immediately.
Sediment shall be removed when it reaches 1/3 the height of the fence
or 9 inches maximum. Dispose of the sediment in the designated
disposal area.
11.6 TEMPORARY SEEDING
The Contractor shall provide all labor, materials, tools, and other items
necessary to provide temporary seeding in accordance with State and
local Standards.
Areas where no substantial or significant progress is made for more
than 15 days shall be temporarily seeded as shown on the Drawings and
specified herein. All areas must be seeded, mulched, and anchored
unless written approval is granted by the Owner. Incidental grading
shall not constitute substantial or significant progress in construction
activity.
Seeding and mulching shall be done immediately following
construction. All disturbed areas shall be dressed to a depth of 8
inches. The top 3 inches shall be pulverize to provide a uniform
seedbed.
Agricultural lime shall be applied at a rate of 4,000 pounds per acre
immediately before plowing.
Grass seed shall be applied at the following rate:
TWe Dates Possible Rate
Annual Rye Aug. 15 - May 1 60 lbs./ac.
German Millet Mayl -Aug 15 40 lbs./ac.
5-10-10 fertilizer shall be applied to all disturbed areas at a rate of 1000
pounds per acre, and mulching shall consist of small grain straw
applied a rate of 70 pounds per 1000 square feet (70lbs./ I 000sq.ft.).
Mulch shall be anchored by roving or netting.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 14 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005

SECTION 12 -SITE MAINTENANCE
' 12.1 SECTION INCLUDES
Site maintenance to ensure vigorous vegetative cover, stable channel
lining, and durability of the work.
' 12.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
See PROJECT CONTRACT
' 12.3 EXECUTION
' Contractor shall revisit the site as to inspect the condition of the project
site. Areas of erosion, settlement, poor vegetative cover, and displaced
coir or excelsior materials or in-stream structures, shall be repaired.
Site visits shall be coordinated with Owner.
Erosion areas shall be filled and reseeded in accordance with Section
10 - Permanent Seeding. Areas of poor vegetative cover shall be
reseeded and refertilized only.
' Displaced, damaged, or dead shrub species shall be removed, and
kgplanted in accordance with Sections 8 & 9 - Stream Bank Planting
and Buffer Planting.
Displaced channel lining materials shall be recovered (if possible) and
replaced, or replaced with new channel lining materials to the design
line and grade.
END OF SECTION
Stream Repairs & Bank Stabilization Page 15 Technical Specifications
Macon County Stream Repairs October 2005

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ENDANGERED SPECIES SURVEY

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ENDANGERED SPECIES SURVEY ON
PEEKS CREEK,
MACON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared for:
Department of Agriculture
Natural Resource and Conservation Service
Macon County
Franklin, North Carolina
Prepared by:
Pamela M. Boaze, Senior Biologist
Fish and Wildlife Associates, Inc.
P. O. Box 241
Whittier, NC 28789
i
September 19, 2005

„
ON
ENDANGERED SPECIES SURVEY
PEEKS CREEK,
MACON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
INTRODUCTION
i
o
n Service
s
The Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource and Conservati
proposing, using Emergency Watershed Protection funds, to repair damage done to Peeks
Creeks (Macon County, NC) as a result of flooding from on September 16, 2004. The
work will take place in the area shown in Figure 1. Plans call for streambank
stabilization, channel relocation, and revegetating the area along a 4650 foot section of
the stream. A review of data supplied by North Carolina Natural Heritage Database has
been documented that 47 species of federally listed endangered, threatened or species of
concern occur in Macon County, NC (Attachment 1).
METHODS
On September 7, 2005, Pam Boaze, Senior Biologist with Fish and Wildlife Associates,
Inc. surveyed the Peeks Creek area as shown in Figure 1 to determine if any of the
federally listed endangered, threatened, or species of concern or their habit are present

area of Peeks Creek that will under go restoration. The survey consisted of a
within the

a search along the riparian zone of the stream and an examination of the stream riffles,
pools, and banks throughout the entire project area.
S
RESULT
it i
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s
subject to restorat
Following an inspection of the area of Peeks Creek that will be sub?
the opinion of this Biologist that this project will not impact any of the federally listed
endangered, threatened, or species of concern or their habit. The devastation that
occurred on Peeks Creek within the project area was such that the biological community
and the riparian zone of this stream was completely lost. Figure 2 shows a representative
segment of Peeks Creek showing the devastation along the banks and the stream channel.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Therefore, it is my biological opinion that this project will NOT EFFECT any of
the federally listed endangered, threatened, or species of concern or their habitat of the
are listed for Macon County, NC and that no further work be carried out searching for
these species.
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Figure 2. Peeks Creek, upstream of Dills home place, Franklin, Macon County, NC.

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Attachment 1
List of Threatened, Endangered, and Species of Concern for Macon County
NC Natural Heritage Program, September 2005
NC NHP County Element Search Page 1 of 8
NC NHP County Element Search Results
New Search
Returned Elements: 214 using: MACON ALL
[Invertebrate Animal 42] [Natural Community 27] [Nonvascular Plant 39] [Vascular Plant 71] [Vertebrate Animal
35] --

Common Name State Federal State Global Coun - Map -
j Maior Group Scientific Name Status Status Rank Rank Status Habitat
Invertebrate
Alasmidonta raveneliana
Appalachian Elktoe
E
E
S1
G1 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate
Alasmidonta varicosa Brook Floater E FSC S1 G3 Current Link
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate
Alasmidonta vlridis Slippershell Mussel E None S1 G4G5 Current Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Autochfon callus
Golden Banded kipper
SR
None
S1S2
G4 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Cambarus chaugaensis
Oconee Stream Crayfish
SC
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate Cambarus georgiae
Little Tennessee River
SC
None
S2S3
G1 -
Macon
Current
Link
Animal Crayfish
Invertebrate
Celastrina nigra
Animal
Dusky Azure
SR
None
S2?
G4. Macon -

Current
Link
Macon -
Invertebrate
Chlosyne gorgone Gorgone Checkerspot SR None S1? GS Current Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Elliptio dilatafa
l
Spike
SC
None
S1
G5 Macon -

Current
Link
Anima -
Macon
Invertebrate Erora laeta Early Hairstreak SR None S2S3 G3G4 Current Link
Animal
Macon -
Invertebrate
Erynnis martialls Mottled Duskywing SR None S3 G3G4 Obscure Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Eulonchus marialiciae Mary Alice's Small-headed SR None S1S3 G1G3 Macon -
Historic Link
Animal Fly Macon -
Invertebrate
Euphydryas phaeton Baltimore Checkerspot SR None S2 G4 Current Link
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate
Fusconaia bamesiana Tennessee Pigtoe E None S1 G2G3 Current Link
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate
Glyphyalinia junaluskana Dark Glyph SC None S2 G2 Obscure Link
Animal
Macon -
Invertebrate
Glyphyalinia pentadelphia Pink Glyph SC None S2 G2G3 Obscure Link
Animal
Macon -
Invertebrate
HaPlofrema kendeighi Blue-footed Lancetooth SC None S1S2 G1G2 Obscure Link
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate Helicodiscus bonamicus Spiral Coil SC None S1 G1 Obscure Link
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate
Isoperla frisoni
A Stonefly SR None S3 G5
Current Link
Animal
Invertebrate
silis fasciola
m
L
Wavy-rayed Lampmussel
SC
None
S1 Macon -
Current
Link
p
a
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate
Macromia margarita Mountain River Cruiser SR FSC S2S3 G3 Obscure Link
Animal
Invertebrate
Matrioptila jeanae
A Caddisfly
SR
None
S3
GNR Macon -

Current
Link
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate
Micrasema burksi A Caddisfly SR None S3 GNR
Current Link
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate
Micrasema sprulesi A Caddisfly SR None S3 GNR
Current Link
Animal
Invertebrate
IVesticus cooper Lost Nantahala Cave
SR
FSC
S1
G1 Macon -
Current
Link
Animal Spider
Invertebrate
Paravitrea lamellidens
Lamellate Supercoil
SC
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal
http://207.4.179.38/nhp/find.php 09/19/05
NC NHP County Element Search Page 2 of 8

Invertebrate Paravitrea umbilicaris
Open Supercoil
SC None S2
G2 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal
Invertebrate Patera clarki clarki
Dwarf Proud Globe
SC
None
S2
G3T3 Macon -
Obscure
Link
Animal

E

E

S1

G1
Macon -

Link
Invertebrate Pegias fabula Littlewing Pearlymussel Current
Animal
Invertebrate ph
ciodes batesii maconensis
Tawny Crescent
SR
FSC
S2
G4T2T3 Macon -
Current
Link
y
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate phyciodes incognitus Mimic Crescent None None SU GNR Current Link
Animal imal

Invertebrate Polygonia faunus smythi

Smyth's Green Comma

SR

None

S2

G5T3T4
Macon -
Current

Link
Animal
Invertebrate Rhyacophila amicis .
A Caddisfly
SR
None
S2
GNR Macon -
Current
Link
Animal

Invertebrate Rh
acophila mainensis

A Caddisfly

SR

None

S2

GNR
Macon -
Current

Link
y
Animal imal
Invertebrate Rh
hila vibox
aco
A Rhyacophilan Caddisfly
SR
None
S1 S2
GNR Macon -
Current
Link
p
y
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate Satyrium caryaevorum Hickory Hairstreak SR None S1? G4 Obscure Link
Animal
i? Invertebrate Satyrium edwardsd
Edwards' Hairstreak
SR
None
S2?
G4
Macon -
Current
Link
Animal
Invertebrate
rratella spiculosa
S
Spiculose Serratellan
SR
None
S1S2
G2 -
Macon Current
Link
e
Animal Mayfly
Macon -
Invertebrate Skistodiaptomus carolinensis Carolina Skistodiaptomus SR None S1? GNR Current Link
Animal
Invertebrate
eria aphmdite cullasaja
S
e
Cullasaja Aphrodite
SR
None
S1?
G5T1 Macon -
Obscure
Link
p
y
Animal Fritillary Macon -
Invertebrate
Villosa iris Rainbow SC None S1 G5
Current Link
Animal Macon -
Invertebrate Zonitoides patuloides Appalachian Gloss SC None S2 G3 Obscure Link
Animal
Natural Acidic cove forest
None
None
None
S5
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Community Macon -
Natural Boulderfield forest None None None S3 G3 Obscure Link
Community

Natural Canada hemlock forest

None

None

None

S5

G5
Macon -
Current

Link
Community
Natural Carolina hemlock bluff

None

None

None

S2

G2G3 Macon -
Current

Link
Community Macon -
Natural Chestnut oak forest
None
None
None
S5
G5 Current
Link
Community Macon -
Natural Floodplain pool None None None S2S3 G37 Current Link
Community
Natural
Heath bald
None
None
None
S3
G4 Macon -
Current
Link
Community Macon -
Natural
High elevation granitic dome None None None S2 G2 Current Link
Community
Natural High elevation red oak forest
Community
None
None
None
S5
G5 Macon -
Current
M
Link

Natural High elevation rocky summit
None
None
None
S2
G2 acon -
Current
Link
? Community Macon -
Natural High elevation seep None None None S2S3 G3 Current Link
Community
Natural Low elevation rocky summit
None
None
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Current
Link
Community Macon -
Natural Low elevation seep None None None S3 G4? Current Link
Community Macon -
Natural Montane alluvial forest None None None S1 G2? Current Link
Community
Natural
Montane oak-hickory forest

None
None
None
S5
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Community
http://207.4.179.3 8/nhp/find.php 09/19/05
NC NHP County Element Search Page 3 of 8

Natural Montane red cedar-hardwood
None
None
None S1?
GNR -
Macon
Current
Link
Community woodland Macon -
Natural Montane white oak forest None None None S2? G2G3
Current Link
Community Macon -
Natural Northern hardwood forest None None None S2? G2?
Current Link
Community (beech gap subtype) Macon
Natural Northern hardwood forest (typic None None None S4 G5 Current Link
Community subtype) Macon -
Natural Piedmont/mountain None
None
None
S4
G5 Current
Link
Community semipermanent impoundment Macon -
Natural Pine-oak/heath None None None S4 G5 Current Link
Community Macon -
Natural Rich cove forest None None None S4 G4
Current Link
Community Macon -
Natural Rocky bar and shore None None None S5 G5
Current Link
Community
Natural Southern appalachian bog
None
None
None
S1S2 Macon -
G1G2T1T2 Current
Link
Community (southern subtype) Macon -
Natural Spray cliff None None None S3 G2
Current Link
Community
Natural Swamp forest-bog complex
None
None
None
S3
G2G3T2 Macon -
Current
Link
Community (typic subtype)
Natural
White pine forest

None

None

None

S2?

GNR
Macon -

Current

Link
Community
Nonvascular Acrobolbus ciliatus
A Liverwort
SR-D
None
S1
G3? Macon -

oric
Hi?b
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Aneura sharpii
A Liverwort
SR-T
None
S1
G1G2 con
-
M
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Bartramidula wilsonii
Dwarf Apple Moss
SR-D
None
S1
G4? Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular B
menium andersonii
ch
Anderson's Melon-moss
SR-L
FSC
SH
GH Macon -
Historic
Link
y
ra
Plant
Nonvascular Brach
menium systylium
Mexican Melon-moss
SR-D
None
S1
G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
y
Plant
Nonvascular Bryoxiphium norvegicum
Sword Moss
SR-0
None
S1
G5? Macon -

Current
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Campylopus atrovirens var.
Cliff Campylopus
SR-D
None
S1
G4G5T4 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant cucullatifolius
Nonvascular Cephalozia macrostachya ssp.
A Liverwort
SR-T
None
S1
G4T1 Macon -

Historic
Link
Plant australis
Nonvascular C
haloziella spinicaulis
A Liverwort
SR-P
None
S1
G3G4 Macon -
Current
Link
ep
Plant
Nonvascular Chiloscyphus appalachianus
A Liverwort
SR-T
FSC
S1
G1 G2Q Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular hus muricatus
Chiloscyp
A Liverwort
SR-D
None
S1
G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Dichodontium pellucidum
A Moss
SR-P
None
S2
G4G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
i Plant
Nonvascular Ditrichurn ambiguum
Plant
Ambiguous Ditrichum
SR-P
None
S1
G4? Macon -
Current
Macon -
Link
Nonvascular Dre
anolejeunea appalachiana A Liverwort SR -L None S1 G2? Current Link
p
Plant
Nonvascular Encalypta procera
Extinguisher Moss
SR-D
None
S1
G4G5 Macon -

Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Entodon compressus
Flattened Entodon
SR-P
None
S1
G4 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular Entodon sullivantii
Sullivant's Entodon
SR-0 None
S2
G3G4 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular G
mnoderma lineare
Rock Gnome Lichen
T
None
S2
G2 Macon -
Current
Link
y
Plant
Nonvascular
Homalia trichomanoides

Lime Homalia
SR-P None S1
G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
I

y http://207.4.179.38/nhp/find.php 09/19/05
NC NIP County Element Search Page 4 of 8
!
Nonvascular H
drothyria venosa
Waterfan Lichen
SR-P
None
S3
G3G5 -
Macon Current
Link
y
Plant
Nonvascular
Lejeunea blomquistii
A Liverwort
SR-L
None
S1
G1G2 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Macrocoma sullivantii
SullivanYs Maned-moss
SR-D
None
S2
G3G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant Macon -
Nonvascular
Mclanelia stygia Alpine Camouflage Lichen SR-D None S1S2 G4G5 Current Link
Plant
Macon -
Nonvascular
Plagiochila austinii A Liverwort SR-T None S1S2 G3 Historic Link
Plant Macon -
Nonvascular
Plagiochila caduciloba A Liverwort SR -T None S1 G2 Current Link
Plant
Nonvascular
iochila echinata
Pla
A Liverwort
SR-L
None
Si
G2Q Macon -
Historic
Link
g
Plant
Nonvascular
Plagiochila sharpii
A Liverwort
SR-L
FSC
S2
G2G4 Macon -
Historic
Link
a Plant
Nonvascular Plagiochila sullivantii var.
A Liverwort
SR-T
FSC
S2
G2T2 Macon -

Historic
Link
Plant sullivantii
Nonvascular Plagiochila virginica var. A Liverwort SR-T FSC S1 G3T2 Macon -
Historic Link
Plant caroliniana
p Nonvascular
iomnium carolinianum
Pl Carolina Star-moss
SR-L
None
S2
G3 Macon -
Historic
Link
ag
Plant (=Carolina Mnium)
Nonvascular
Porella wataugensls
A Liverwort
SR-L
FSC
S1
G1G2Q Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant Macon -
Nonvascular
Radula sullivantii A Liverwort SR-L None S2 G3 Current Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Radula voluta
A Liverwort
SR-D
None
S1
G3 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Schlotheimia lancifolia
Highlands Moss
T
None
Si
G2. Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Sphagnum flavicomans
Peatmoss
SR-T
None
SH
G3 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Sphagnum squarrosum
Squarrose Peatmoss
SR-P
None
S1
G5 Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant Macon -
Nonvascular
Splachnum pennsylvanicum Southern Dung Moss SR-0 None SH ? Historic Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Taxiphyllum altemans
Japanese Yew-moss
SR-0
None
S1
G3? Macon -
Historic
Link
Plant
Nonvascular
Usnea angulata
Old Man's Beard
SR-P
None
S1
G3G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Vascular
Plant Aconitum reclinatum
Trailing Wolfsbane
SR
None
S3
G3 Macon -
Current
Link
Macon -
Vascular
Adlumia fungosa Climbing Fumitory SR-P None S2 Historic Link
Plant
Vascular
Amelanchiersangulnea
Round{eaf Serviceberry
SR-P
None
S2
G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Vascular Arisaema triphyllum ssp.
Bog Jack-in-the-pulpit
SR-P
None
S1
G5T4 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant stewardsonii
Vascular Botrychium lanceolatum var.
Lance-leaf Moonwort
SR-P
None
S1
G5T4 Macon -

Historic
Link
Plant angustisegmentum
Vascular
Brachyelytrum septentrionale
Northern Shorthusk
SR-P
None
S3
G4G5 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Vascular
Buckleya distichophy/la
Piratebush
E
FSC
S2
G2 Macon -
Current
Link
Plant
Vascular Calystegia catesbeiana ssp.
Blue Ridge Bindweed
SR-T
None
S3
G3T2T3Q Macon -
Current
Link
Plant sericata
Vascular
Plant Carex biltmoreana
Biltmore Sedge
SR-L
None
S3
G3 Macon -
Current
Link
Macon -
Vascular
Carex hitchcockiana Hitchcock's Sedge SR-P None S1 G5 Current Link
Plant Macon -
Vascular
Carex leptonervia A Wood Sedge SR-P None S2 G4 Current Link
Plant
http://207.4.179.38/nhp/find.php 09/19/05
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1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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1
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1
1
y
y
NC NHP County Element Search
Vascular Carex misera
Plant
Vascular Carex purpurifera
Plant
Vascular Carex tetanica
Plant
Vascular Carex woodii
Plant
Vascular Celastrus scandens
Plant
Vascular Chelone cuthbertii
Plant
Vascular Dicentra eximia
Plant
Vascular Dodecatheon meadia var.
Plant meadia
Vascular Epilobium ciliatum
Plant
Vascular Euphorbia purpurea
Plant
Vascular Eurybia mirabilis
Plant
Vascular Filipendula rubra
Plant
Vascular Frasera caroliniensis
Plant
Vascular Gentianopsis crinita
Plant
Vascular Glyceria laxa
Plant
Vascular Grammitis nimbata
Plant
Vascular Helianthemum bicknellii
Plant
Vascular Hexalectris spicata
Plant
Vascular Hierochloe odorata
Plant
Vascular Houstonia longifolia var. gla
Plant
Vascular Huperzia appalachiana
Plant
Vascular Huperzia porophila
Plant
Vascular Hydrastis canadensis
Plant
Vascular Hymenophyllum tayloriae
Plant
Vascular Isotrla medeo/oides
Plant
Vascular Juniperus communis var.
Plant depressa
Vascular Liatris aspera
Plant
Vascular Liatris microcephala
Plant
Vascular Liatris turgida
Plant
Vascular Lonicera canadensis
Plant
Vascular Lysimachia fraseri
Plant
Wretched Sedge
Purple Sedge
Rigid Sedge
Wood's Sedge
American Bittersweet
Cuthbert's Turtlehead
Bleeding Heart
Eastern Shooting Star
Purpleleaf Willowherb
Glade Spurge
Piedmont Aster
Queen-of-the-prairie
Columbo
Fringed Gentian
Lax Mannagrass
West Indian Dwarf
Polypody
Plains Sunrose
Crested Coralroot
Holy Grass
bra Granite Dome Bluet
SR-L None S3
SR-P None S2
SR-P None S1
SR-P None S2
SR-P None S2?
SR-L FSC S3?
SR-P None S2
SR-P None S2
SR-P None S2
SR-T FSC S2
SR-T FSC S2
E None S1
SR-P None S2S3
E-SC None S1
SR-P None S1
E FSC S1
SR-P None SH
SR-P None S2
E None S1
SR-L None S2
Appalachian Fir-clubmoss SR-P None S2
Rock Fir-clubmoss SR-P None S2
Goldenseal
Gorge Filmy Fern
Small Whorled Pogonia
Dwarf Juniper
E-SC None S2
E FSC S1S2
E T S1
SR-D None S1
Rough Blazing Star SR-P None S1
Small-head Blazing Star SR-P None S1
Shale-barren Blazing Star SR-T None S2
American Fly-honeysuckle SR-P None S2
Fraser's Loosestrife E FSC S2
http://207.4.179.3 8/nhp/find.php
Page 5 of 8
G3 Macon -
Current
G4? Macon -
Current
G4G5 Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon-
Historic
G3 Macon -
Historic
G4 Macon -
Historic
G5T5 Macon-
Current
G5 Macon -
Current
G3 Macon -
Current
G2G3 Macon -
Historic
G4G5 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon-
Cu ent
G5 Macon-
Obscure
G5 Macon -
Historic
G4? Macon-
Current
G5 Macon -
Historic
G5 Macon -
Current
G4G5 Macon -
Current
G4G5T2Q Macon-
Current
G4G5 Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G2 Macon -
Current
G2 Macon -
Historic
G5T5 Macon-
Current
G4G5 Macon -
Obscure
G3G4 Macon -
Historic
G3 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon-
Current
G2 Macon -
Current
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
09/19/05
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1
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1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
f
1
1
1
NC NHP County Element Search
Vascular Marshallia trinervia Broadleaf Barbara's SR-P None SH G3
Plant Buttons
Vascular Monotropsis odorata Sweet Pinesap SR-T FSC S3 G3
Plant
Vascular Oenothera perennis Perennial Sundrops SR-P None S2 G5
Plant
Vascular Packera millefolium Divided-leaf Ragwort T FSC S2 G2
Plant
Vascular Parthenium auriculatum Glade Wild Quinine SR-T None S1 G3?
Plant
Vascular Pedicularis lanceolata Swamp Lousewort SR-P None S1 G5
Plant
Vascular phegopteris connectilis Northern Beech Fem SR-P None S1 G5
Plant
Vascular Platanthera flava var. herbiola Northern Green Orchid SR-P None S1? G4T4Q
Plant
Vascular
grandiflora
Platanfhera Large Purple-fringed
Orchid SR-P None S2 G5
Plant
Vascular Platanthera peramoena Purple Fringeless Orchid SR-P None S1 G5
Plant
Ii, Vascular Poa palustris Swamp Bluegrass SR-P None S1 G5
Plant
Vascular Prenanthes roanensis Roan Rattlesnakeroot SR-L None S3 G3
Plant
Vascular Pycnanthemum torrei Torrey's Mountain-mint SR-T FSC S1 G2
Plant
Vascular Rhododendron cumberiandense Cumberland Azalea SR-P None S1 G4?
Plant
Vascular Rhododendron vaseyi Pink-shell Azalea SR-L None S3 G3
Plant
Vascular Robinia hartwegii Hartwig's Locust SR-L None S1 G3T1
Plant
Vascular
Saxifraga caroliniana
Carolina Saxifrage
SR-T
FSC
S2
G2
Plant
Vascular Sedum glaucophyllum Cliff Stonecrop SR-P None S2 G4
Plant
Vascular Silene ovata Mountain Catchfly SR-T FSC S3 G3
Plant
Vascular Solidago rigida ssp. rigida Prairie Bold Goldenrod SR-P None S1 G5T5
Plant
Vascular Solidago simulans Granite Dome Goldenrod SR-L FSC S1 G1
Plant
Vascular
Solidago uliginosa
Bog Goldenrod
SR
None
S1S2
G4G5
Plant
Vascular Spiraea virginiana Virginia Spiraea E T S1 G2
Plant
Vascular Streptopus amplexifolius White Mandarin SR-P None S1 G5
Plant
Vascular Thermopsis fraxinifolia Ash-leaved Golden-banner SR-T None S2? G3?
Plant
Vascular Trichomanes boschianum Appalachian Filmy-fern T None S1 G4
Plant
Vascular Trichomanes petersii Dwarf Filmy-fem T None S1 G4G5
Plant
Vascular Trillium simile Sweet White Trillium SR-L None S2 G3
Plant
Vascular Viola appalachiensis Appalachian Violet SR-T None S2 G3
Plant
Vertebrate
Aegolius acadicus pop. 1 Southern Appalachian
Northern Saw-whet Owl T FSC S2B,S2N GSTNR
Animal
Vertebrate Aimophila aestiva/is Bachman's Sparrow SC FSC S3B,S 2N G3
Animal
http://207.4.179.3 8/nhp/find-php
Page 6 of 8
Macon -
Obscure
Macon -
Obscure
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Historic
Macon -
Historic
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Historic
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Historic
Macon -
Obscure
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Historic
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Obscure
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Historic
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Current
Macon -
Historic
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
09/19/05
1
1
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1
1
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1
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1
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1
1
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NC NHP County Element Search
Vertebrate Ambystoma talpoideum Mole Salamander SC None S2
Animal
Vertebrate Aneides aeneus Green Salamander E FSC S2
j Animal
Vertebrate
Clinostomus funduloides ssp. 1 Little Tennessee River
Rosyside Dace SC FSC S2
Animal
Vertebrate Contopus cooperi olive-sided Flycatcher SC FSC SUB
Animal
Vertebrate Corynorhinus rafinesquii Rafinesque's Big-eared T FSC S2
Animal rafinesquii Bat - Mountain Subspecies
Vertebrate Crotalus horridus Timber Rattlesnake SC None S3
Animal
Vertebrate Cryptobranchus alleganiensis Hellbender SC FSC S3
Animal
Vertebrate Cyprinella monacha Spotfin Chub T T S1
Animal
Vertebrate Dendroica cerulea Cerulean Warbler SR FSC S2B
Animal
Vertebrate Desmognathus aeneus Seepage Salamander SR FSC S3
Animal
Vertebrate Desmognathus wrightl Pigmy Salamander SR None S3
Animal
Vertebrate Etheostoma inscriptum Turquoise Darter PCn None S1
Animal
Vertebrate Etheostoma vulneratum Wounded Darter SC FSC S2
Animal
Vertebrate Eurycea longicauda Longtail Salamander SC None S2
Animal
Vertebrate G/yptemys muhlenbergii Bog Turtle T T(S/A) S2
Animal
Vertebrate Hemidactylium scutatum Four-toed Salamander SC None S3
Animal
S2?
Vertebrate Lasionycteris noctivagans Silver-haired Bat SR None B,S4N
Animal
Vertebrate
Luxilus chrysocephalus
Striped Shiner T
(PSC) None S2
Animal
Vertebrate Microtus chrotorrhinus Southern Rock Vole Sc FSC S3
Animal carohnensis
Vertebrate
Moxostoma sp. 1
Sicklefin Redhorse (P
(P-? FSC S2
Animal
Vertebrate Myotis leibii Eastern Small-footed
i SC FSC SUB,:
Animal Myot
s
Vertebrate Northern Long-eared SC None S3
Animal ona
Myotis septen Myotis
Eastern Woodrat -
Vertebrate Neotoma floddana haematoreia Southern Appalachian SC
Animal Population
Vertebrate Notropis lutipinnis Yellowfin Shiner SC
Animal
Vertebrate percina squamata Olive Darter SC
Animal
Vertebrate Sciuras niger Eastern Fox Squirrel SR
Animal
Vertebrate Sorex dispar Long-tailed Shrew SC
Animal
Vertebrate Sorex palustris punctulatus Southern Water Shrew Sc
Animal
Vertebrate Sphyrapicus varius Appalachian Yellow-bellied SC
Animal appalachiensis Sapsucker
Vertebrate Sy/vilagus transitionalis New England Cottontail SR
Animal lis
tri
Thryomanes bewickii altus Appalachian Bewick's E
Vertebrate
http://207.4.179.3 8/nhp/find-php
FSC S3
None S3
FSC S2
None S3
None S2
FSC S2
Page 7 of 8
G5 Macon -
Current
G3G4 Macon -
Current
G5T3Q Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Historic
G3G4TNR Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G3G4 Macon -
Current
G2 Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G3G4 Macon -
Current
G3G4 Macon -
Current
G4 Macon -
Current
G3 Macon -
Cwent
G5 =n-
Current
G3 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon -
Historic
G5 Macon -
Current
G4T3 Macon-
Current
G3 Macon -
Current
I. G3 Macon -
Current
G4 Macon-
Current
G5T4Q Macon -
Current
G4Q Macon -
Current
G3 Macon -
Current
G5 Macon -
Historic
G4 Macon-
Current
G5T3 Macon -
Current
Macon -
Link
Link
FSC S3B,S5N GSTNR C t
Link
urren
None SNA G4 Macon -
Current
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
FSC SHB G5T2Q Macon -
09/19/0
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
Link
NC NHP County Element Search Page 8 of 8
Wren Historic
Animal
Vertebrate Vermivora pinus Blue-winged Warbler SR None S2B G5 Macon -
Current Link
Animal

None S2B G5
Vertebrate Vireo gilvus Warbling Vireo SR
Macon -
Link
Historic
-
Animal '-
NC NHP database updated: July, 2005.
Search performed on Monday, 19 September 2005 @ 08:35:06 EDST
Explanation of Codes

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