WQ0028653_Final Permit_20050822

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Michael F. Easley, Governor
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William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
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Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
August 22, 2005
MR. DON W. MABE, JR., VICE PRESIDENT OF OPERATIONS
GOLD KIST, INC.
POST OFFia Box 2210
ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30301
Subject: Permit No. WQ0028653
Gold Kist, Inc.
Sanford, NC Poultry Processing Plant WTP
Residuals Land Application Program (D)
Land Application. of Residual Solids (503 Exempt)
Lee County
Dear Mr. Mabe:
In accordance with your permit application package received on August 20, 2004; the additional
information received on June 14, 2005; July 19, 2005; and August 5, 2005; as well as the comments on the draft
permit received on August 5, 2005; we are forwarding herewith Permit No. WQ0028653, dated August 1, 2005,
to Gold Kist, Inc. for the subject residuals Iand application program.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 2010 and shall be subject to the
conditions and limitations as specified therein. Make note of this permit's expiration date and the fact that a
permit renewal application is due to the Division of Water Quality (Division) no Iater than six months prior to
that date (i.e., see Condition VI.7.), as the Division does not send reminders to apply for permit renewal,
This permit approves the operation of residuals land application program alum residuals that are
generated by a water treatment plant that serves Gold Kist, Inc.'s Sanford, NC Poultry Processing Plant for a
five-year cycle. Note that the Division has designated the permitted land application site as dedicated, as
defined by Regulation 15A NCAC 2H .0203(11). Typically, the Division requires groundwater monitoring
around such dedicated sites. At this time, the Division will forgo requiring such groundwater monitoring due to
the low nutrient content of the residuals, the low potential of the residuals to leach above the groundwater
quality standards, as well as the high solids content of the residuals to be land applied such that groundwater
table mounding is not expected to be of concern. The Division does, however, retain the right to require the
establishment of a groundwater monitoring program at this site at any time. In addition, the dedicated status of
this program will be re-evaluated at the time of permit renewal as the backlog of residuals in the Gold Kist WTP
is removed and land applied such that a maintenance volume of residuals is removed and land applied on an
annual basis.
Aquifer Protection Section 1636 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1636
Internet: http://h2c.enr.state.ne.us 2728 Capital Boulevard Raleigh, NC 27604
An Equal OpportunitylAffirmative Action Employer- 50% Recycledl10% Post Consumer Paper
o��thhCarolina
dvaturally
Phone [phone] Customer Service
Fax [phone]
Fax [phone]

Mr. Don W. Mabe, Jr.
August 22, 2005
Page 2
Please take the time to review this permit thoroughly. Pay particular attention to the monitoring
requirements in this permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required
operational information will result in future compliance problems. Of special interest to Gold Kist, Inc. may be
the following:
♦ Condition IL 11.: Since the most limiting factor associated with land application of WTP residuals
is typically not the plant available nitrogen (PAN) content of the residuals, this condition requires
that application rates be set such that they take into account other agronomic factors as well.
Examples include the initial hydraulic capacity of the soils present on the site to prevent run-off of
the applied residuals, timing of application events to allow adequate drying time between events,
total solids content of the residuals to evaluate whether crop smothering is of concern, etc.
♦ Attachment A: This attachinent of the permit stipulates that the maximum volume of residuals that
may be land applied in any given year is limited to 100 dry tons total. Gold Kist, Inc. should be
aware of this limitation as it cleans out the lagoons at its water treatment plant.
In addition, the Division offers the following responses to Gold Kist, Inc.'s August 5, 2005 draft permit
comments:
♦ Condition II. 3. prohibits residualfs] storage "at any land application site at any tune, "unless
approved by the Division. The subject residuals to be applied at CS]ite CNo.j 01 are generated by
settling lagoons used at the Water Treatment Plant (WTP). Please clarify whether or not the
residuals held in the settling lagoons are being stored~ If the practice is classified as storage,
Gold Kist requests approval from the Division to continue this practice.
Since the settling lagoons at the water treatment plant are considered to be part of the treatment
process at that facility, they are exempt from this condition. The intent of this condition is to
prevent residuals to be removed from a facility and stored on a site prior to land application (e.g., a
stockpile) without prior permission from the Division.
♦ Condition 11 T requires that the land application boundaries be marked prior to and during a
residuals land application event. As Gold Kist understands it, the boundaries are not required to
be marked after the actual land application event ceases. Please advise if this is not a correct
interpretation of the condition.
This above -interpretation is correct. However, it may be desirable to leave boundary flags in place
for a period of time following a land application event, so that operators may observe whether or
not the residuals migrate.
♦ Condition 11 14. - 19. imposes limits on the minimal amount of time that must pass before the
site can be grazed or harvested following a land application event. It is Gold Kist's
understanding that these restrictions are designed to mitigate potential exposure to pathogens
and vectors that may be present in a residualjs] containing sewage sludge. However, since the
residuals in question contain no sewage sludge or any contribution from a process treating
human or animal waste, Gold Kist feels that the aforementioned conditions may restrict the
management of the residuals application program while resulting in no real benefit. Gold Kist
requests that the referenced conditions he removed from the permit •
Conditions containing grazing/harvesting restrictions (i.e., Condition II. 14 through Condition 11.
19. in the draft permit) have been removed from this final draft of the pennit.

Mr. Don. W. Mabe, Jr.
August 22, 2005
Page 3
♦ Condition IL 23. and [F]ootnote a in Attachment B indicates that the proposed land application
site is located within a 100year floodplain. Based on a survey completed on November 2, 2000
by Mr. Thomas J. Matthews; Professional Land Surveyor (Reg. No. L-1255) of Sanford NC, the
proposed land application site does not fall within the boundaries of the approximate 100 y(ea]r
floodplain. A site plan has been attached demonstrating the position of the site relative to the
100 year floodplain. Therefore, 1C]ondition IL 23. would not be application and [F]ootnote a in
Attachment B should be removed. The cover letter for the final permit should also reflect these
changes.
Based on the information provided, Footnote a, as proposed in the draft permit, has been eliminated
from the final permit
♦ As indicated in the response to the July 21, 2005 request for additional information, Gold Kist
requests that the Division reconsider the requirement in [C]ondition IIL 2. that hazardous waste
characteristic testing be conducted on an annual basis. Gold Kist feels that annual sampling is
unnecessary due to the fact that residuals exhibited no hazardous characteristics[,] and the
operation will not be modified TCLP parameters, with the exception of [b]arium, were found to
be below detection levels[,] and the barium concentration in the TCLP was found to be at 0.32
ing/L versus the regulatory limit of 100 mg/L. Additionally, generator knowledge indicates that
future residuals will not exhibit characteristics dissimilar to those residuals that have already
been analyzed. For these reasons, Gold Kist feels that conducting the hazardous characteristics
testing on a once -per -permit cycle frequency should satisfy the Division's intent of ensuring that
hazardous residuals are not inappropriately applied on the proposed site.
It is the Division's policy to require annual hazardous waste characteristics testing on land applied
residuals until sufficient data is collected to confirm a trend. The Permittee may submit a request to
reduce this initial minimum frequency for after two years of analytical work. Condition III. 2.
provides more detail about how to request this minor permit modification. Condition III. 2. is
retained in the final permit as originally proposed in the draft permit.
♦ As currently written, Condition Iv 1. b. prohibits residuals application at (S]ite [No.] 01 "when
the vertical separation between the depth of residuals land application and the water table is less
than three feet. " However, the design standard located at 15A NCAC 2H . 0219(e) prohibits the
application of waste when the vertical separation is less than one foot. For industrial waste, a
demonstration must be made that placement of the waste on a site with a vertical separation of
less than three feet will not result in contravention of classified groundwater standards. Gold
Kist requests that the Division provide further clarification on whether or not the residuals from
the water treatment facility are in fact industrial waste. Gold Kist believes that ill analytical
results to date are justification that application of the residuals will not result in an exceedance
of applicable groundwater standards. Since the land application of the residuals are to be
conducted by a third party contractor and the actual water table depth must be verified by soil
borings within 24 hours prior to a land application event, Gold Kist feels that requiring a vertical
separation of three feet may result in problems regarding scheduling while providing no
additional assurance that groundwater quality standards will not be exceeded. Gold Kist requests
that the permit language for this condition be changed to the following:

Mr. Don W. Mabe, Jr.
August 22, 2005
Page 4
"The non -discharge rules entitled, "Minimum Design Requirements," which are
codified at 15[A] NCAC 2H.0219 provide that industrial waste shall not be applied or
discharged onto or below the land surface when the vertical separation between the
waste and the seasonal high water table is less than three feet, unless the [P]erinittee
has demonstrated to the Director or his delegate, by using predictive calculations or
modeling methods acceptable to the Director or his delegate, that such placement will
not result in the contravention of classified groundwater standards. This facility has
demonstrated, based on an analysis of the residuals and the source generating
activities, that the residuals applied at a vertical separation of one (1) foot should not
contravene groundwater standards aft] the compliance boundary. If industrial waste
application applied at the vertical separation of one (1) foot or greater contravenes
groundwater standards at the compliance boundary during the term of this permit, the
vertical separation requirement may be modified and/or the [P]errnittee shall adjust its
operational activities to avoid contravention of groundwater standards. In addition, if
industrial waste application contravenes groundwater standards during the term of this
permit, the Director or his delegate may require corrective action.
It is the Division's interpretation that the residuals from the water treatment plant do fall
under the definition for "industrial" waste, as defined in 15A NCAC 211 .0203(19). The
residuals cannot be defined as sewage such that they can be exempted from the industrial
waste category. But, the residuals could be categorized as either waste "resulting from any
process of industry...or from the development of a natural resource" or waste "resulting from
processes of trade or business" such that they are included in 15A NCAC 2H .0203(19)(a) or
15A NCAC 2H .0203(19)(b). A presentation of analytical results of the residuals alone is not
sufficient to satisfy the requirement for a demonstration "using predictive calculations or
modeling methods, acceptable to the Director," contained in 15A NCAC 2H .0219(e) to
reduce the three-foot separation requirement to one -foot. The Division will provide a draft
guidance that describes what minimum requirements this demonstration must contain at the
Permittee's request. In the meantime, however, Condition IV. 1. b. is retained in the final
permit as originally proposed in the draft permit..
♦ The reference to rule 15A NCAC 2L .0106(d)(Z) in Condition IV. Z, b. should be changed to 15A
NCAC 2L .0106(d)(1). The former reference address[es] those actions required if a groundwater
standard is exceeded at the compliance boundary. The latter reference is appropriate in this
condition as it addresses actions required for an exceedance at the review boundary.
This typographical error is corrected in the final permit.
♦ Gold Kist requests that the Division issue a final draft prior to issuance of the permit. We also
request that the effective date of the permit be 15 days after the issuance of the permit.
A secondary draft of this permit was transmitted to Mr. Jonathan Green of Gold Kist, Inc. via e-
mail on August 16, 2005 for his final comment. It is the Division's policy to issue all non -
discharge permits so that the issuance date and effective date are the same. Therefore, the final
permit's effective date is not 15 days after is issuance date.
If any parts, requirements, and/or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days following receipt of this permit.
This request shall be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina
General Statutes and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings at 6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh,
North Carolina 27699-6714. Unless such demands are made, this permit shall be final and binding.

Mr. Don W. Mabe, Jr.
August 22, 2005
Page 5
If you need any additional information concerning this matter, please contact Ms. Shannon Mohr
Thornburg by telephone at [phone], or via e-mail at shannon.thornburg4cmail.net.
Sincerely
for Alan W. Klimek, P.E.
cc: Mr. Jonathan Green, Gold Kist, Inc.
Lee County Health Department
Raleigh Regional Office - Aquifer Protection Section
Technical Assistance and Certification Unit
APS Central Files
APS Files
LAU Residuals Program Coordinator

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
LAND APPLICATION OF RESIDUAL SOLIDS (503 EXEMPT) PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Gold Kist, Inc.
Lee County
FOR THE
operation of a residuals land application program for Gold Kist, Inc.'s Sanford, NC Poultry Processing
Plant Water Treatment Plant and consisting of the land application of residuals generated by the residuals
source -generating facilities listed in the most recently -certified Attachment A to the land application sites
listed in the most recently -certified Attachment B with no discharge of wastes to surface waters, pursuant
to the permit application package received on August 20, 2004; the additional information received on
June 14, 2005; July 19, 2005; and August 5, 2005; as well as the comments on the draft permit received
on August 5, 2005; and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data
subsequently filed and approved by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and
considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 2010 and shall be subject to
the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
The residuals Iand application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -
discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this
program.
2. This permit shall become voidable if the soils of the land application sites fail to assimilate
the residuals adequately and may be rescinded unless the land application sites are maintained
and operated in a manner that will protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface
waters and groundwater.
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to
surface waters or groundwater resulting from the operation of this residuals land application
program.

4. In the event that the residuals land application program is not operated satisfactorily,
including the creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease land applying
residuals to the site, contact the Aquifer Protection Section of the appropriate Division of
Water Quality's (Division) regional office, and take any immediate corrective actions as may
be required by the Division.
5. No residuals other than those generated by the residuals source -generating facilities listed in
the most recently -certified Attachment A of this permit shall be approved for land application
in accordance with this permit.
b. Only the land application sites listed in the most recently -certified Attachment B of this
permit are approved for residuals Iand application.
7. This pertnit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee and the
landowners and lessees or operators of any land application sites listed in the most recently -
certified Attachment B of this permit not owned by the Permittee are in full force and effect.
These agreements shall be considered expired concurrent with the expiration date of the
permit and shall be renewed at the same time the permit is renewed.
The appropriate local governmental official (i.e., county manager, city manager, etc.) shall be
notified at least 24 hours prior to the initial residuals land application event to any new land
application site. In addition, the appropriate county manager's office shall be notified prior to
the initial residuals land application event on any new site so that they will be aware that
residuals land application activities have commenced on the site.
9. The Aquifer Protection Section of the appropriate Division's regional office shall be notified
at least 24 hours prior to the initial residuals land application event on any new land
application site. Such notification to the Regional Aquifer Protection Section Supervisor
shall be made during normal office hours (i.e., from 8:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m.) between
Monday and Friday, but excluding State Holidays. A list of the Division's regional offices,
their county coverage, and their contact information may be downloaded from the web site at
http://h2o.enr. state. nc , us/ndpu/.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
The facilities and land application sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all
times.
2. Upon classification of the residuals land application program by the Water Pollution Control
System Operators Certification Commission (WPCSOCC), the Permittee shall designate a
certified land application/residuals operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of the
program. The operator shall hold a certificate of the type classification assigned to the
program by the WPCSOCC. The Permittee shall also designate a certified back-up operator
of the appropriate type to comply with the conditions of 15A NCAC SG .0202.
No residuals shall be stored at any land application site at any time, unless written approval
has first been requested and obtained from the Division.
2

4, A copy of this permit shall be maintained in all manned equipment at the land application
sites when residuals are being land applied during the life of this permit. A spill prevention
and control plan shall be maintained in all residuals transport and application vehicles.
5. When land applying residuals to any land application site, the following buffer zones shall be
maintained at all times:
a. 400 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
surface application methods; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a
minimum of 100 feet .upon written consent of the owner and approval from the Aquifer
Protection Section of the appropriate Division's regional office in Attachment B of this
permit;
b. 200 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
subsurface application methods; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to
a minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and approval from the Aquifer
Protection Section of the appropriate Division's regional office in Attachment B of this
permit;
c. 100 feet from any public or private water supply source, waters classified as SA or SB,
and any Class I or Class II impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water for
both methods;
d. 100 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for surface application;
e. 50 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or coastal
waters and any other lake or impoundment for subsurface application;
f. 50 feet from property lines for both surface and subsurface application methods;
g. 50 feet from public right of ways for both surface and subsurface application methods;
h. 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both surface and
subsurface application methods; and
i. 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater
drainage systems, and surface drainage ditches for both surface and subsurface
application methods.
Some of the buffers specified above may not have been included in previous permits for this
residuals land application program. However, any land application sites that are listed in the
most recently -certified Attachment B of this permit, but were approved with different buffers
shall be reflagged to comply with these buffers.
6. Maximum slope for land application of residuals shall be 10 percent for surface application
methods and 18 percent for subsurface application methods.
7. Specific residuals land application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each land
application site prior to and during a residuals land application event.
3

8. The lifetime loading rates (LLRs) of heavy metal loadings rates on any land application site
shall not exceed the following for the corresponding soil cation exchange capacities (CPC):
Parameter
LLR for a Site
with CFCs <5
(pounds per acre(pounds
LLR for a Site
with CFCs 5 to 15
per acre(pounds
LLR for a Site
with CFCs >15
eer acre)
Cadmium
4.5
9
18
Copper
125
250
500
Lead
500
1,000
2,000
Nickel
125
250
1 500
Zinc
250
1 500
1 1,000
9. An acceptable pH shall be maintained in the soil, residuals, and lime mixture, greater
than 6.0, on all land application sites onto which residuals are land applied to ensure
optimum yield for and to prevent aluminum toxicity to the crops specified in Condition
H. 13. The agronomist shall provide information on the pH best suited for the specified crop
and the soil type.
10. Should any of the residuals generated by the residuals source -generating facilities listed in
the most recently -certified Attachment A of this permit contain a high salt content (i.e., high
sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of rive or higher), the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP)
or other method as approved by the Division, using the results from the annual soils analysis
as required by this permit, shall be monitored on all of the land application sites. The local
Cooperative Extension Office, the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, the
Natural Resource Conservation Service, a North Carolina -licensed Soil Scientist, or other
agronomist shall review the results and make recommendations regarding soil amendments
(e.g., gypsum, etc.) or other ameliorative mechanism for maintaining the integrity of the site
in terms of suitability for land application of residuals and maintaining conditions conducive
to crop growth. The Permittee shall implement such recommendations accordingly and shall
maintain written records of each monitoring event that includes details of the sites covered
and rate of soil amendment application.
11. Prior to land applying residuals to any land application site that has previously received or is
intended to receive animal waste (e.g., poultry litter, etc.) or other source of nutrients (e.g.,
fertilizer, etc.) in the future, the Permittee shall obtain information pertaining to the volume
and analysis of the applied waste/nutrients from the landowner and/or lesseeloperator of the
site. The Pennittee shall be responsible for verifying the volume of residuals that may be
land applied to the site such that the plant available nitrogen (PAN) loading rate for the
specified crop (i.e., see Condition It. 13.) shall not be exceeded by all of the sources of PAN
applied. Should the maximum PAN Ioading rate be met or exceeded, then no additional
residuals shall be land applied to the site.
12. A suitable vegetative cover, as listed in Condition Il. 13., shall be maintained on land
application sites onto which residuals are land applied in accordance withw the crop
management plan outlined by the local Cooperative Extension Office, the Department of
Agriculture and Consumer Services, the Natural Resource Conservation Service, or other
agronomist and as approved by the Division.
9

13. Residuals shall be land applied to all land application sites at agronomic rates. Such rates
shall be determined in conjunction with the Permittee's residuals management firm/technical
consultant and shall take factors such as nutrients, hydraulics, solids content/crop status, and
soil assimilation into account. Under no circumstances shall the following plant available
nitrogen (PAN) loading rates distributed/land applied to any site exceed the following for the
specified crops:
PAN
PAN
Crop
(pounds per
Crop
(pounds per
acre per year)
acre er year)
Alfalfa
200
Forest
75
(Hardwood or Softwood)
Bermuda Grass
220
Milo
100
(Hay or Pasture)
Blue Grass
120
Small Grain
100
(Wheat, Barley, or Oats)
Corn
160
Sorghum or Sudex
180
(Grain)
(Pasture)
Corn
200
Sorghum or Sudex
220
(Silage)
(Silage)
Cotton
70
Soybeans
200
Fescue
250
Timothy, Orchard, or
200
Rye Grasses
The Pernuttee shall apply for and receive a modification of this permit before land applying
residuals on any land application site that is to be established in a crop other than those listed
above. A maximum PAN Ioading rate for the desired crop shall be approved with the permit
modification.
If the land application sites are to be overseeded (e.g., bermuda grass in the summer and rye
grass in the winter with BOTH crops to receive residuals), then the second crop shall receive
an application of PAN at a rate of no greater than 50 pounds per acre per year. This practice
shall be allowed as long as the second crop is to be harvested. If the second crop is to be
planted for erosion control only and is to be tilled into the soil, then no residuals shall be land
applied to these sites because the PAN will essentially be returned to the soil.
Residuals shall not be land applied at rates greater than agronomic rates, unless authorized by
the Division.
14. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying residuals from the land application sites onto adjacent properties or into any
surface waters.
15. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any land
applied or stored residuals into any surface waters.
16. Surface -applied residuals shall be plowed or disced within 24 hours after land application on
land application sites with no cover crop established.
17. For land application sites that are prone to flooding or within the 100-year flood elevation,
residuals shall be land applied only during periods of dry weather. The residuals shall be
incorporated into the soil within 24 hours after land application.

18. Residuals shall not be land applied during inclement weather or until 24 hours following a
rainfall event of 0.5-inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency residuals Iand application
measures shall first be approved in writing by the Division.
19. Residuals shall not be land applied to any land application site that is flooded, frozen, or
snow-covered.
20. Appropriate measures shall be taken to control public access to the land application sites
during active site use and for the 12-month period following the last residuals land
application event. Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the activities
being conducted at each site.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1. Any monitoring (i.e., including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division to ensure protection of the environment shall be
established, and an acceptable sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Residuals generated by each residuals source -generating facility listed in the most -recently -
certified Attachment A of this permit shall be analyzed to demonstrate that they are non-
hazardous under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). A corrosivity,
ignitability, and reactivity analysis as well as a Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
(TCLP) analysis shall be conducted on residuals generated by each residuals source -
generating facility listed in the most recently -certified Attachment A of this permit. The
analyses shall be performed at the frequency specified in the most recently -certified
Attachment A of this permit, and the results shall be maintained on file by the Perrnittee for a
minimum of five years. If residuals generated by a particular residuals source -generating
facility are land applied at a frequency less than that which is specified in the most recently -
certified Attachment A of this permit, the analyses shall be required for each residuals land
application event. The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters (i.e., note the
regulatory level in milligrams per liter in parentheses):
Arsenic (5.0)
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (7.5)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
Barium (100.0)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
Pentachlorophenol (100,0)
Benzene (0.5)
1, 1 -Dichloroethylene (0.7)
Pyridine (5.0)
Cadmium (1.0)
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (0.13)
Selenium (1.0)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Endrin (0.02)
Silver (5.0)
Chlordane (0.03)
Hexachlorobenzene (0.13)
Tetrachloroethylene (0.7)
Chlorobenzene (100.0)
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
Toxaphene (0.5)
Chloroform (6.0)
Hexachl©ro-1,3-butadiene (0.5)
Trichloroethylene.(0.5)
Chromium (5.0)
Hexachloroethane (3.0)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (400.0)
m-Cresol (200.0)
Lead (5.0)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2.0)
o-Cresol (200.0)
Lindane (0.4)
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) (1.0)
p-Cresol (200.0)
Mercury (0.2)
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
Cresol (200.0)
Methoxychlor (10.0)
2,4-D (10.0)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)

After the residuals have been monitored as specified above for two years at the frequency
specified in the most recently -certified Attachment A of this permit, the Permittee may
submit a request to the Division for a permit modification to request a reduction of this
monitoring requirement. In no case, however, shall the frequency of monitoring be less than
once per permit cycle.
3. An analysis shall be conducted on residuals generated by each residuals source -generating
facility listed in the most recently -certified Attachment A of this permit. The analysis shall
be performed at the frequency specified in the most recently -certified Attachment A of this
permit, and the results shall be maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five
years. If residuals generated by a particular residuals source -generating facility are land
applied at a frequency less than that which is specified in the most recently -certified
Attachment A of this permit, an analysis shall be required for each residuals land application
event. The analysis shall include, but shall not necessarily be limited to, the following
parameters:
Aluminum
Ammonia -Nitrogen
Cadmium
Calcium
Copper
Lead
Magnesium
Nickel
Nitrate Nitrite Nitrogen
Percent Total Solids
PH
Phosphorus
Potassium,
Sodium
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Zinc
Plant Available Nitrogen
(by calculation)
After the residuals generated by a particular residuals source -generating facility have been
monitored for two years at the frequency specified in the most recently -certified Attachment
A of this permit, the Permittee may submit a request to the Division for a permit modification
to reduce the frequency of this monitoring requirement. In no case, however, shall the
frequency of this monitoring be less than once per year when a residuals land application
event of residuals generated by the residuals source -generating facility occurs during that
year.
4. Laboratory analyses as required by Condition III. 2. and Condition III. 3. shalI be
performed/gathered on representative samples of the residuals as they are to be land
applied. Furthermore, analytical determinations made pursuant to the monitoring and
reporting requirements of this permit shall be made by a laboratory certified by the Division
for the required parameter(s) under 15A NCAC 2H .0800 or 15A NCAC 2H .1100.
Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all residuals land application
events. These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following
information:
a. Source of residuals;
b. Date of land application;
c. Location of land application (i.e., site, field, or zone number);
d. Method of land application;
e. Weather conditions (i.e-, sunny, cloudy, raining, etc.);
f. Soil conditions (i.e., dry, wet, frozen, etc.);
g. Type of crop or crops to be grown on field;
7

h. Volume of residuals land applied in gallons per acre, dry tons per acre, or kilograms per
hectare;
i. Volume of animal waste or other nutrient source applied in gallons per acre, dry ton per
acre, or kilograms per hectare (if applicable);
j. Volume of soil amendments (i.e., lime, gypsum, etc.) applied in gallons per acre, dry ton
per acre, or kilograms per hectare (if applicable); and
k. Annual and cumulative totals of dry tons per acre of residuals as well as animal waste and
other sources of nutrients (i.e., if applicable), annual and cumulative pounds per acre of
each heavy metal (i.e., shall include, but shall not be limited to, cadmium, copper, lead,
nickel, and zinc), annual pounds per acre of PAN, and annual pounds per acre of
phosphorus applied to each field.
6. A representative annual soils analysis (i.e., Standard Soil Fertility Analysis) shall be
conducted on each land application site on which a residuals land application event in the
respective calendar year has occurred, and the results shall be maintained on file by the
Permittee for a minimum of five years. The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis shall include,
but is not necessarily limited to, the following parameters:
Acidity Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (by calculation)
Calcium Magnesium Phosphorus
Cation Exchange Capacity Manganese Potassium
Copper Percent Humie Matter Sodium .
Base Saturation (by calculation) pH Zinc
7. Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in Condition
III. 1., Condition III. 2., Condition III. 3., Condition III. 4., Condition III, 5,, and Condition
III, 6. shall be submitted annually on or before March 1st of the year following the residuals
land application event to the following address:
NCDENR-DWQ
Information Processing Unit
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
8. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Aquifer Protection Section of the Division's
Raleigh Regional Office at telephone number [phone], as soon as possible, but in no
case more than 24 hours or on the next working day following the occurrence or first
knowledge of the occurrence of any of the following: '
a. Any occurrence with the residuals land application program that results in the land
application of significant amounts of residuals that are abnormal in quantity or
characteristic.
b. Any failure of the residuals land application program resulting in a release of material to
receiving waters.
c. Any time that self -monitoring information indicates that the residuals land application
program has gone out of compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or
the parameters on which the program system was designed.
U

d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the residuals land
application, program incapable of adequate residuals treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting residuals to the
application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter form
within five days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report shall outline the
actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
1. Land Application Site Requirements:
a. Each land application site identified with a GW-A in the most recently -certified
Attachment B of this permit is dominated by soils with a mean seasonal high water table
greater than three feet below the land surface. Residuals land application events may
occur on these sites throughout the year.
b. Each land application site identified with a GW-B in the most recently -certified
Attachment B of this permit is dominated by soils with a mean seasonal high water table
between one and three feet below the land surface. Residual land application events on
these sites shall be prohibited from December through March, inclusive. No residuals
shall be land applied to these sites when the vertical separation between the depth of
residuals land application and the water table is less than three feet. The actual water
table depth for seasonally -restricted soils shall be verified by soil borings within 24 hours
prior to any residuals land application event that occurs from April through November,
inclusive. The number of borings advanced shall be sufficient to characterize water table
conditions across the land application site adequately. Any open borings shall be
properly filled with native soil, prior to the residuals land application event, to decrease
the chance of any residuals contaminating the groundwater.
2. Applicable Boundary Requirements:
a. The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for residuals land application programs is specified
by regulations in 15A NCAC 2L (i.e., "Groundwater Classifications and Standards").
The Compliance Boundary for each land application site is established at either 250 feet
from the residuals land application area or 50 feet within the property boundary,
whichever is closest to the residuals land application area. An exceedance of
Groundwater Quality Standards at or beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to
immediate remediation action according to 15A NCAC 2L .0106 (d)(2)_
b. The REVIEW BOUNDARY shall be established around each land application site
midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the residuals land
application area. Any exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at the Review
Boundary shall require action in accordance with 15A NCAC 2L .0106 (d)(1).
I Additional Requirements:
a. Any groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the Division, shall be
provided.

V. INSPECTIONS
Prior to each residuals land application event, the Permittee or his designee shall inspect the
residuals storage, transport, and application facilities to prevent malfunctions and
deterioration, operator errors, and discharges that may cause or lead to the release of wastes
to the environment, a threat to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall maintain an
inspection log or summary including at least the date and time of inspection, observations
made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This log of
inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of five years from the date of the
inspection and shall be made available to the Division or other permitting authority, upon
request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division may, upon
presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises, or place on or related to
the land application sites or facilities at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining
compliance with this permit; may inspect or copy any records that must be kept under the
terms and conditions of this permit; and may obtain samples of groundwater, surface water,
or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the residuals land application events are carried out
in accordance with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner
approved by the Division.
2. This permit shall be effective only with respect to the nature and volume of residuals
described in the application and other supporting data.
Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina
General Statutes §143-215.6A through §143-215.6C.
4. The annual administering and compliance fee shall be paid by the Permittee within 30 days
after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause the Division
to initiate action to revoke this permit, as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205 (c)(4).
The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and all
statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances that may be imposed by other government agencies
(i.e., local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction, including, but not limited to, applicable
river buffer rules in 15A NCAC 2B .0200, soil erosion and sedimentation control
requirements in 15A NCAC Chapter 4 and under the Division's General Permit NCG010000,
and any requirements pertaining to wetlands under 15A NCAC 2B .0200 and 15A NCAC
.0500. •
This permit may be modified, revoked, and/or reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division deems necessary in order to protect the
environment and public health adequately.
10

7. The Permittee, at least six months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Division shall review the adequacy of the
facilities and residuals land application program, described therein, and if warranted, shall
extend the permit for such period of time and under such conditions and limitations as it may
deem appropriate.
This permit shall not be automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the
residuals land application program to change ownership or to change the name of the
Permittee, a formal permit request shall be submitted to the Division documentation from the
parties involved and other supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this
request shall be considered on its merits and may or may not be approved.
Permit issued this the twenty-second clay of August, 2005.
NORTH CAR INA ENV ONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
i
for Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0028653
II

ATTACHMENT A -Approved Residual Source -Generating Facilities
Permit No. YVQ0028653
Gold Kist, Inc.
Sanford, NC Poultry Processing Plant WTP Residuals Laud Application Program (D)
Owner
Facility Dame
County
Permit Number
Issued By
is 503?
Maximum
Monitoring
Monitoring
Approved
Dry Tons
Frequency for
Frequency for
Mineralization
Per Year
Condition III.2.
Condition M. 3.
Rate
Gold Kist, Inc.
Gold Kist WTP
Lee
03-53-130
DEH
non 503
100.00
Annuahy
Annually
0.40
Total
100.00
Permit No. WO0028653 Page I of] Certification Date: August 22, 2003

Judy 21, 2005
Form RSCA: Additional Information Request
Gold Dist Inc. Sanford, NC
1-50,000 Scale
43
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Map enter is 350 33' 46"N, 790 13' 57"W (WGS84/NAD83)
Colon quadrangle M=_g R 77
Projection is UTM Zone 17 NAD83 Datum G-1.026
Do 1 of 1 8/2/2005 10:10 AM

ATTACHMENT B - Approved Land Application Sites
Permit No. WQ0028653
Gold Kist, luc.
Sanford, NC Poultry Processing Plant WTP Residuals Laud Application Program (D)
Site/Field ID
Landowner
Lessee/Operator
County
Latitude
Longitude
Net Acreage
Applicable
Restriction in
Condition IV. L
01
Gold Dist, Inc.
Lee
35.33.40
79,13.52
10.80
GW-B
Total For County
Lee
10.80
Total I
I
i
i 1
10.80
Permit No. WQ0028653 Page 1 of 1 Certification Date: August 22, 2005

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FORM: LASCA 02/02
A+f—h—t Order 3-6 Gold Kist Sanford WTP
DP g
EN
CL RP
FN
r.L RD
EiP
CL RD
IN
Ro
CL RD
a RD
a D
P
EIP RIVVJ R
ERRS CL ROAD
WC1�EwM1Y
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Aim XSTI
ROAD I
EIP
2y0
P...e Ed
.AwI a rwrz ARD SitT
5A Pia wr ®cu+rwrvon i 4.8 acre
IADP
! pps CA
A 260
1WRAw wAzot Pm
1 Art R' RMR
5\E POAe Rfw
wA1Elt STATE
YAMTLNANcc -A
w�
PIIa✓E IIaSg
Pm
P
aHw
6n 546.077H
1,929,572.277
Es
DP
'PP,
BEGINNING �' -'�
CONT'.
a
s9 10.6'
I"E RIVE
Fs
V C,
to
4'+
• AldiRlT]luHG
POA / F
Bof
w.�0 2ws.nr
OUT P!
26U
kD
SPRAY -� ?�b
FIELD
� Y
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SPRAY
FIELD
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,avlx0
BuffersSPRAV
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VALK
12
Comm
F� D paND
N0:9111G
PGle
ES AT !I
FENCE
CORNER
I, PRAER08IC
tl GENCY POND
potRO
INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM:
NOTE:
CL - CENTERLINE
PIN - PROCESS WASTE LINE
GRAPHIC SCALE
FEMA MAP NUMBER: 3710500025-8
AC. CAL. BY COMPUTER
ECM - EMSTING CONCRETE MONUMENT
SS - SANITARY SEWER LINE
A POR11ON OF THIS PROPERTY IS IN A SPECIAL
WATER......... PUBLIC
EIP - EXISTING IRON PIPE
W -- WATER LINE Sao
o r5D 3DD am 1200
FLOOD HAZARD AREA ZONE 'A' INUDATED 6Y 100-YEAR FLOOD.
SEWER PUBLIC
ERRS - EXISTING RAILROAD SPIKE
®- MANHOLE
OF LEE COUNTY EFFEc m : DATE SEPTEMBER B. T9B9.
MIN. BUILDING SETBACK LINES
ESI - EXISTING SOLID IRON
THE REMAINING PDR110N OF THIS PROPERTY 15 IN A SPEC4AL
-X'.
46� FROM RIGHT OF --WAY
SIS - 5001) IRON SET
FLOOD ARFA ZONE
HAZARD
ZONE X, I5 OUTSIDE 50a YEAR FLo00 PLAIN.
SRRS - SET RAILROAD SPIKE
T.D. TOTAL DISTANCE
IN FEET
ACCORDING TO FEMA MAP NUMBER: 7710500025-9
1 inch = 300 ft,
OF LEE COUNTY EFFECTIVE : DATE SEPTEMBER B, 1989.

WATER POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM OPERATORS
CERTIFICATION COMMISSION
CLASSIFICATION
RATING SHEET FOR WATER POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS
FACILITY INFORMATION:
NAME OF FACILITY: Gold Kist -Sanford WTP
MAILING ADDRESS: PO Box 2210, Atlanta GA 30301
COUNTY: Lee
CONTACT PERSON: Don Mabe, Jr. TELEPHONE: [phone]
PERMIT NO.: WQ0028653 Check One: NC WQ ✓ HEALTH DP
ORC: TELEPHONE:
RATING INFORMATION: (Before completing this section, please refer to pages 2-4)
PERMITTED FLOW: MGD BNR? YES NO
CHECK CLASSIFICATION: WASTEWATER: 1 2 3 4
COLLECTION: 1 2 3 4
SPRAY IRRIGATION
PHYSICALICHE I
RATED BY: Rand J+
REGIONAL OFFICE'.
f
SUBSURFACE LAND APPLICATION ✓_
GRADEI GRADEII
REGION: RRO DATE: 6/7/05
HONE NUMBER: 919/571-4700 EXT: 255
Permit No.: WQ0028653
Page 1

Classification of Sprav Irrieation `dater Pollution Control Systems:
Systems which utilize spray irrigation for the reuse or disposal of wastewater.
These systems include: septic tanks, sand filter, oil/water separators, lagoons,
storage basins, screening, sedimentation. Systems other than those listed above
Shall be subject to additional classification.
Classification of Land Application of Residuals Systems:
✓_ Systems permitted and dedicated for the land application of residuals that are produced by
a water pollution control system or contaminated soils.
Classification of Phvsical/Chemical Water Pollution Control Treatment Systems:
Grade I Physical/Chemical: Any water pollution control system that utilizes a primarily
physical process to treat wastewater. This classification includes groundwater remediation
systems **
Grade II-Physical/Chemical: Any water pollution control system that utilizes a primarily
chemical process to treat wastewater. This classification includes reverse osmosis,
electrodialysis, and ultrafiltration systems. **
** Any water pollution control system that utilizes a physical%hemical process to enhance all
activated sludge or fixed growth process, shall not be subject to additional classification
Classification of Subsurface Water Pollution Control Systems:
Systems which utilize the soil for subsurface treatment and disposal of wastewater
And/or are required to have a certified operator under 15A NCAC 18A.1961. ***
*** Any subsurface system that has as part of its treatment process a water pollution control
system that may be classified under Rules .0302 through .0307 of this section shall be
subject to additional classification.
Permit No.: WQ0028653
Page 3