WQ0021171_Final Permit_20021024

michae! F. Easlcv. Gnvernor
Wiliiarn G- Ross Sr., Secretary
North Carolina D--partmenl of Environmtnt and Natural Resources
Alan W. Ufflek. F.E.,Director
Division of water Quality
October 24, 2002
MR. ROD WATTS, GENERAL MANAGER
ENFRGYUNITED WATER CORPORATION
POST OMCE BOX 168
STONY POINT, NC 29678
Subject: Permit No. WQ0021171
Energy -united Water Corporation Water
Colonel R.L. Tatum WTP Alum Residuals
Distribution Prozram
Distribution of Residual Solids (503 Exempt)
Alexander County
Dear Mr.'Watts:
In accordance with your application received on March 8, 2002 as well as the additional information
September 25, 2002; we are forwarding herewith Permit No. WQ0021171, dated October 24, 2002, to the
Ener-3,united Water Corporation for the operation of the subject alum residuals distribution program.
This permit is being issued to approve the distribution/land application of alum residuals on unspecified
fields. Note that the residuals shall not be referred to as "biosolids" or as meeting Class A requirements as
stipulated in 40 CFR Part 503 in marketing them to potential recipients.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until September 30, 2007 and shall be subject to
the conditions and limitations as specified therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring and reporting
requirements contained in this permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the
required operational information will result in future compliance problems. Upon renewal, the conditions of this
permit may change due to alum residuals policy Issues.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the right to
request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days following receipt of this permit. This request
must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of worth Carolina General Statutes, and
fled with the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-6714. Unless
such demands are made, this permit shall be final and binding.
loon -Discharge Permitting Unit Internet http:Hh2o.enr_smte.nc.us/ndpu NC)ENR
1617 lvlail Senice Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-16I7 Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]
DENR Customer Service Center Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Action .Employer 50% recycle&l0% post -consumer paper

If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact J R Joshi at [phone]
extension 363, or via e-mail at [e-mail].
incerely,
66-t /lan. Klimek, P.E.
cc: Mr. Dennis Key, Southern Soil Builders, Inc.
Mr. Cecil G. link, S&ME, Inc_
Alexander County Health Department
Mooresville Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Mooresville Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Groundwater Section, Central Office
Technical Assistance and Certification Unit
Non -Discharge Compliance/Enforcement Unit
NDPU Files
NDPU Residuals Program Coordinator

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
PERMIT FOR THE DISTRIBUTION/I AND APPLICATION OF ALUM RESIDUALS
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as amended,
and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Energyunited Water Corporation
Alexander County
FOR THE
operation of a program for the distribution/land application of alum residuals from the treatment of potable water.
The program shall result in the distribution of up to 300 dry tons per year of residuals from the sources listed in
Condition H.2., with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the application received on March
8, 2002 as well as the additional information September 25, 2002; and in conformity with the project plan,
specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department of Environment and
Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until September 30, 2007 and shall be subject to
the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
The distribution/land application of residuals program shall be effectively maintained and operated as
a non -discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this
program.
2. This permit shall become voidable in the event of failure of the residuals program to adequately
protect the assigned water duality standards of the surface waters and groundwaters.
The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to surface
or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.
4. In the event that the residuals program is not operated satisfactorily, including the creation of
nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall take any immediate corrective actions as may be required by
the Division of Water Quality (Division).
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5. Diversion or bypassing of the untreated residuals or leachate from the residual treatment facilities is
prohibited.
C. All leachate must be reused as a wetting agent for the processing of residuals or routed to the head of
the treatment plant.
7. The following buffer zones shall be maintained:
a. 100 feet from any public or private water supply source, waters classified as SA or SB, and any
Class I or Class II impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water for both methods,
b. 100 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or coastal waters
and any other lake or impoundment for surface application,
c. 50 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or coastal waters
and any other lake or impoundment for subsurface application,
d. 50 feet from property lines for both surface and subsurface application methods;
e. 50 feet from public right of ways for both application methods,
f. 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater drainage
systems and surface drainage ditches for both application methods.
S. A copy of this permit and a spill prevention and control plan shall be maintained in all residuals
transport and application vehicles.
9. No residuals shall be stored at any location other than at the water treatment facility at any time,
unless approval has been requested and obtained from the Division.
10. Specific residual application area boundaries shall be clearly marked prior to and during
distribution/land application.
11. Maximum slope for the distribution/land application of residuals shall be 10 percent for surface
application and I8 percent for subsurface application.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facilities and distribution/land application program shall be properly maintained and operated at
all times.
2. No residuals other than the following are hereby approved for distribution in accordance with this
permit:
Permit Volume
Source CountyNumber (Dry Tons/Year)
Colonel R. L. Tatum WTPa Alexander PWSID No. 01-02-015 300
'The storage lagoon at this residuals source -generating facility is designed such that the residuals
will remain in starage for a period of greater than two years. Therefore, the storage lagoon may be
considered to be an active surface disposal unit under Part C of 40 CFR Part 503 and require a
separate permit from the Division for continued operation. In order to be exempt from this
permitting requirement, a demonstration that the storage lagoon is not an active surface disposal
unit must be submitted to and kept on file by the Division as well as kept on file by the Permittee.
This demonstration shall be updated at the time of permit renewal and include the following
information:
(i) The name and address of the entity who prepares the residuals.
3

GO The name and address of the entity who owns/leases the land on which the storage
lagoon is located.
(iii) An explanation of why residuals need to be stored for ionger than two years prior to
final use/disposal.
(iv) The approximate time when residuals will be used/disposed.
Submit three copies of the demonstration within 90 calendar days of this permut's issuance to the
NCDENR-DWQ, Non -Discharge Permitting Unit, c/o Residuals Coordinator, 1617 Mail Service
Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1617.
All residuals shall be adequately stored to prevent leachate runoff until treated. The finished product
may be placed on a concrete pad, placed under shelter or covered until such time as it is
distributed/land applied. If an alternate storage site is to be used, approval must be obtained from the
Division.
4. No other residuals other than those specified under Condition 11.2. above may be distributed/] and
applied. The Permittee shall request and obtain a permit amendment from the Division for each
additional residual source prior to acceptance of that residual.
5. For residuals to be distributed/land applied, the residuals shall be essentially pathogen -free, as
evidenced by the testing of seven separate and representative samples of the residuals for the presence
of fecal conform in accordance with Condition III.3. of this permit. Distribution/land application of
the residuals shall be strictly forbidden if any sample results in a fecal coliform density of 1,000 most
probable number (MPN) or coliform forming units (CFU) per gram of total dry solids. Note that
utilization of the geometric mean shall not be allowed to meet this condition.
6. For a residual to be distributed for application to the land, the following must be satisfied.
The Ceiling Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) and the Pollutant Monthly Average
Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) must be maintained:
Ceiling Monthly Average
Concentrations Concentrations
Parameters ma/ka ma/ka
Arsenic
75
41
Cadmium
85
39
Copper
4,300
1,500
Lead
840
300
Mercury
57
17
Molybdenum
75
--
Nickel
420
420
Selenium
100
100
Zinc
7,500
2,800
4

7. A suitable, non -direct food chain, vegetative cover crop shall be maintained on all fields to receive
distributed/land applied residuals. When distributing/land applying the residuals, the application rates
of plant available nitrogen (PAN) shall not exceed the following, unless prior approval has been
requested and obtained from the Division:
Crop PAN (pounds/acrOyear) Crop PAN (pounds/acre/vear)
Alfalfa
200
Milo
100
Bermuda Grass (Hay, Pasture)
220
Forest (Hardwood, Softwood)
75
Blue Grass
120
Small Grain (Wheat, Barley, Oats)
100
Corn (Grain)
160
Sorghum, Sudex (Pasture)
180
Corn (Silage)
200
Sorghum, Sudex (Silage)
220
Cotton
70
Soybeans
200
Fescue
250
Timothy, Orchard, & Rye Grass
200
8. The lifetime loading for aluminum for any field shall not exceed 10,0D0 pounds of aluminum per
acre.
9. Upon classification of the facility by the Water Pollution Control System Operators Certification
Commission (WPCSOCC), a certified residuals operator shall be appointed to be in responsible
charge (ORC) of the residuals program. The operator must hold a certificate of the type classification
assigned to the residuals program by the WPCSOCC. A certified back-up operator of the appropriate
type should also be appointed to comply with the conditions of 15A NCAC 8G .0202. All residuals
shall be applied by a certified land application of residuals operator.
10. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from conveying
pollutants from the residuals treatment area onto the adjacent property or into any surface waters_
11. Surface -applied residuals shall be plowed or disced in within 24 hours after distribution/land
application on fields with no cover crop established. An acceptable cover crop shall be established
within 30 days of the distribution/] and application event.
12_ For fields that are prone to flooding or those that are within the 100-year flood elevation, residuals
shall be distributed/land applied only during periods of dry weather. The residuals shall be
incorporated into the soil within 24 hours after distribution/land application.
13. Residuals shall not be distributed/land applied during inclement weather or until 24 hours following a
rainfall event of 0.5-inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency distribution/land application
measures shall first be approved by the Division.
14. Residuals shall not be distributed/land applied to any field that is flooded, frozen, or snow covered.
15. Adequate provisions shall be taken to control public access to fields during active use.
16. All recipients of the distributed/land applied residuals shall be provided with an information/data
sheet that contains the following minimum information:
a. The name, address, and telephone number of the person who prepared the residuals.
b. The name, address, and telephone number of the person distributing/land applying the residuals.
c. A description of the source of or the process by which the residuals were generated.
d. A summary of the results from the most recent round of residuals sarnpling/monitoring.
e. A summary of the volume of residuals distributed/land applied per acre.
f. A statement that the lifelong cumulative loading rate of aluminum shall not exceed 10,000
pounds per acre and an update of the cumulative load received to date.
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g. A summary of the nutrients (i.e., PAN, phosphorus, and potassium) applied per acre.
h. A statement that an acceptable pH of greater than 6.0 must be maintained in the soil, residuals
and lime mixture, on all land application sites to ensure optimum yield for the crop(s) and a list of
recommendations to the recipient of the residuals regarding field use, soil testing, pH adjustment,
and other relevant agronomic information.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING_ REQUIREMENTS
Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue analyses)
deemed necessary by the Division to insure protection of the environment will be established and an
acceptable sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all distribution/land application
activities. The Permittee shall be responsible for developing and maintaining a consistent field
numbering/identification system. These records shall include, but are not be necessarily limited to,
the following information:
a. Source of residuals;
b. Date of residual application;
c. Information regarding the location of residual application (i.e., field owner name, address, and
telephone number; approximate field location; field number, etc.);
d. Method of application;
e. Weather conditions (i.e., sunny, cloudy, raining, etc.);
f. Soil conditions (i.e., dry, wet, frozen, etc.);
g. Type of crop(s) to be grown on field;
h. Volume of residuals applied in gallons per acre, dry tons per acre; and
i. Annual totals of dry tons per acre of residuals, annual pounds per acre of plant available nitrogen
(PA_TN�, and annual pounds per acre of aluminum applied to each field.
All residuals included in this permit shall be monitored by the Permittee for compliance with
Condition H, 5. of this permit. The results of all analyses shall be maintained on file by the Perrnittee
for a minimum of five years. For the first calendar year following this permit's issuance, the residuals
shall be tested prior to each distribution/land application event. Should the distributionfland
application event Iast for more than fifteen consecutive days -or should the distribution/land
application event be interrupted due to weather or other factors, the residuals shall be tested again
before proceeding with the distribution/land application event. If each of the samples from each
distribution/] and application event taken during the first calendar year complies with the limits set
forth in Condition II. 5., then the monitoring frequency may be reduced to an annual basis.
4. A residual analysis shall be conducted annually from the date of permit issuance by the Permittee.
The results of all. analysis shall be maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.
The residuals analysis shall include the following parameters:
Cadmium
Copper
Zinc
Arsenic
Selenium
Aluminum
Calcium
Magnesium
% Total Solids
pH
Potassium
Sodium
Plant Available Nitrogen
(by calculation)
Lead Nickel
Mercury Molybdenum
Ammonia -Nitrogen
Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen
Phosphorus
TKN

A Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee
once per permit cycle. The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters (please note the
regulatory level in mg/L in parentheses):
Arsenic (5.0)
Cadmium (1.0)
Chlorobenzene (100.0)
o-Cresol (200.0)
Cresol (200.0)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
Endrin (0.02)
Hexachlorobenzene (0.13)
Lead (5.0)
Methoxychlor (10.0)
Pentachlorophenol (100.0)
Silver (5.0)
Trichloroethylene (0.5)
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) (1.0)
Barium (100.0)
Benzene (0.5)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Chlordane (0.03)
Chloroform (6.0)
Chromium (5.0)
m-Cresol (200.0)
p-Cresol (200.0)
2,4-D (10.0)
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (7.5)
I,1-Dichloroethylene (0.7)
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (0.13)
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (0.5)
Hexachloroethane (3.0)
Lindane (0.4)
Mercury (0.2)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
Pyridine (5.0)
Selenium (1.0)
Tetrachloroethylene (0.7)
Toxaphene (0.5)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (400.0)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2.0)
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
6. Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in conditions III 1, III
2, 1113, III 4, and III 5 shall be submitted annually on or before March I of the year following the
distribution/land application event to the following address. -
NC Division of Water Quality
Water Quality Section
Non -Discharge CompIiance/Enforcement Unit
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
7. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Mooresville Regional Office, telephone number (704)
663-1699, as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next working day
following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the following:
a. Any occurrence with the distribution program which results in the land application of significant
amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the distribution program resulting in a release of material to receiving waters.
c. Any time that self -monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of compliance
with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on which the system was
designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility incapable of
adequate residual treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system during transportation of residuals.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter form within
five days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline the actions taken or
proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.

IV. INSPECTIONS
The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and treatment facilities to
prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which may cause or lead to the
release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall
maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the date and time of inspection, obsen,ations
made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This log of
inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of five years from the date of the
inspection and shall be made available to the Division or other permitting authority, upon request.
Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division may, upon presentation of
credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises or place on or related to the treatment site or
facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may
inspect or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; and may
obtain samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
V. GENERAL CONDITIONS
This permit shall become voidable unless the distribution/land application activities are carried out in
accordance with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner approved
by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of residuals described in the
application and other supporting data.
This permit is not automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the facilities to
changn e owership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must be submitted to
the Division accompanied by an application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other
supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its
merits and may or may not be approved.
4. Failure to abide by the conditions and Iimitations contained in this permit may subject the Permittee
to an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-
215.6A to 143-215.6C.
5. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Pem-ittee within 30 days after
being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause the Division to initiate
action to revolve this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205 (c)(4).
6. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Pennittee from complying with any and all statutes,
rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government agencies (local, state,
and federal) which have jurisdiction.
7. The Perrnittee, at least six months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its extension.
Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the facilities described
therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time and under such conditions
and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
8. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions, Iimitations and
monitoring requirements the Division deems necessary in order to adequately protect the environment
and public health.

Permit issued this the twenty-fourth day of October, 2002
NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
tp_ Alan W. Klimek, P.E.,Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Nwnber WQO021171