WQ0018688_Final Permit_20060820

Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Alan W. Klimek, P.E. Director
Division of Water Quality
August 20, 2006
Mr. Rick Coleman, Mayor
Town of Dallas
210 North Holland Street
Dallas, NC 28034
Subject: Permit No. WQ0018688
Town of Dallas Water Treatment Plant
Distribution of Alum Residuals (503 exempt) Program
Gaston County
Dear Mr. Rick Coleman:
In accordance with your application received on December 30, 2005, we are forwarding herewith
Permit No, WQ0018688, dated August 20, 2006, to the Town of Dallas for the continued operation of a
program to distribute/land apply residuals from potable water treatment processes. The product is an alum
residual that is generated from the treatment of raw water from the South Fork of the Catawba River.
This permit is being issued to approve the distribution/land application of the residual on
unspecified fields. Note that the residuals shall not be referred to as "biosolids" or as meeting Class A
requirements as stipulated in 40 CFR Part 503 in marketing them to potential recipients.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 2011, shall void Permit No.
WQ0018688 issued November 8, 2000, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified
therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring and reporting requirements contained in this
permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational
information will result in future compliance problems. Upon renewal, the conditions of this permit may
change due to alum residuals policy issues.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this. permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of
this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North
Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service
Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-6714. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter,
715-6162.
S ia6eri
.4- Alan
cc: Gaston County Health Department
Mooresville Regional Office, Aquifer Protection Section
Technical Assistance and Certification Unit
Aquifer Protection Section Central Files
LAU
ale & contact David Goodrich at (919)
Klimek, P.E.
Qf Carolina
NMorally
Aquifer Protection Section 1636 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1636 Telephone: [phone]
Internet: http://h2o.enr.state.ne.us 2728 Capital Boulevard Raleigh, NC 27604 Fax I: [phone]
Fax 2: (919) 715-W48
An Equal OpportunitylAifirmative Action Employer— 50% Recycled110% Post Consumer Paper Customer Service: [phone]

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
PERMIT FOR THE DISTRIBUTION/LAND APPLICATION OF ALUM RESIDUALS
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERNIISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Town of Dallas
Gaston County
FOR THE
continued operation of a program for the distribution/land application of alum residuals from the
treatment of potable water. This permit does not involve the processing or storage of residuals. The
program shall result in the distribution of up to 290 dry tons of residuals from the sources listed in the
most recently -certified version of Attachment A, with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters,
pursuant to the application received on December 30, 2005 and in conformity with the project plan,
specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until July 31, 2011, shall void Permit No.
WQ0018688 issued November 8, 2000, and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and
limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
The distributiontland application of residuals program shall be effectively maintained and
operated as a non -discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the
operation of this program.
2. This permit shall become voidable in the event of failure of the residuals program to
adequately protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and
groundwaters.
The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to
surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.

4. In the event that the residuals program is not operated satisfactorily, including the creation of
nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall take any immediate corrective actions as may be
required by the Division of Water Quality (Division).
5. Diversion or bypassing of the untreated residuals or lcachate from the residual treatment
facilities is prohibited.
6. All leachate must be reused as a wetting agent for the processing of residuals or routed to the
head of the treatment plant.
7. The following buffer zones shall be maintained:
a. 100 feet from any public or private water supply source, waters classified as SA or SB,
and any Class I or Class lI impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water for
both methods,
b. 100 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for surface application,
c. 50 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or coastal
waters and any other lake or impoundment for subsurface application,
d. 50 feet from property lines for both surface and subsurface application methods;
e. 50 feet from public right of ways for both application methods, and
f. 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater
drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both application methods.
8. A copy of this permit and a spill prevention and control plan shall be maintained in all
residuals transport and application vehicles.
9. No residuals shall be stored at any location other than at the water treatment facility at any
time, unless approval has been requested and obtained from the Division.
10. Specific residual application area boundaries shall be clearly marked prior to and during
distribution/land application.
11. Maximum slope for the distribution/land application of residuals shall be 10 percent for
surface application and 18 percent for subsurface application.
11. OPERATION AND MArgTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
The facilities and distribution/land application program shall be properly maintained and
operated at all times.
2. No residuals other than those specified from the sources listed in the most recently -certified
version of Attachment A are approved for distribution in accordance with this permit.

3. All residuals shall be adequately stored to prevent leachate runoff until treated. The finished
product may be placed on a concrete pad, placed under shelter or covered until such time as it
is distributedfland applied. If an alternate storage site is to be used, approval must be
obtained from the Division.
4. No other residuals other than those specified under Condition Il 2 above may be
distributed land applied. The Permittee shall request and obtain a permit amendment from
the Division for each additional residual source prior to acceptance of that residual.
5. For residuals to be distributed/land applied, the residuals shall be essentially pathogen -free, as
evidenced by the testing of seven (7) separate and representative samples of the residuals for
the presence of fecal coliform in accordance with Condition Ill 3 of this permit.
Distribution/land application of the residuals shall be strictly forbidden if any sample results
in a fecal coliform density of 1,000 most probable number (11+1PN) or coliform forming units
(CFU) per gram of total dry solids. Note that utilization of the geometric mean shall not be
allowed to meet this condition.
6. For a residual to be distributed for application to the land, the following must be satisfied:
The Ceiling Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) and the Pollutant Monthly Average
Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis) must be maintained:
Ceiling Monthly Average
Concentrations Concentrations
Parameters mg/kg mg/kg
.Arsenic
75
41
Cadmium
85
39
Copper
4,300
1,500
Lead
840
300
Mercury
57
17
Molybdenum
75
----
Nickel
420
420
Selenium
100
100
Zinc
7,500
2,800
7. A suitable, non -direct food chain, vegetative cover crop shall be maintained on all fields to
receive distributed/land-applied residuals. When distributing/land applying the residuals, the
application rates of plant available nitrogen (PAN) shall not exceed the following, unless
prior approval has been requested and obtained from the Division:
Crop PAN (pounds/acre/year) Crop PAN (pounds/acre/year),
Alfalfa
200
Bermuda Grass (Hay, Pasture)
220
Blue Grass
120
Corn (Grain)
160
Corn (Silage)
200
Cotton
70
Fescue
250
3
Milo
100
Forest (Hardwood, Softwood)
75
Small Grain (Wheat, Barley, Oats)
100
Sorghum, Sudex (Pasture)
180
Sorghum, Sudex (Silage)
220
Soybeans
200
Timothy, Orchard, & Rye Grass
200

The lifetime loading for aluminum for any field shall not exceed 10,000 pounds of Aluminum
per acre.
9. Upon classification of the facility by the Water Pollution Control System Operators
Certification Commission (WPCSOCC), the Permittee shall employ a certified residuals
operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of the residuals program. The operator must hold
a certificate of the type classification assigned to the residuals program by the WPCSOCC.
The Permittee must also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type to
comply with the conditions of 15A NCAC 8G .0202.
10. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from the residuals treatment area onto the adjacent property or into any
surface waters.
11. Surface -applied residuals shall be plowed or disced in within 24 Fours after distribution/land
application on fields with no cover crop established. An acceptable cover crop shall be
established within 30 days of the distribution/land application event.
12. For fields that are prone to flooding or those that are within the 100-year flood elevation,
residuals shall be distributed/land applied only during periods of dry weather. The residuals
shall be incorporated into the soil within 24 hours after distribution/land application.
13. Residuals shall not be distributed/land applied during inclement weather or until 24 hours
following a rainfall event of 0.5-inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency distribution/land
application measures shall first be approved by the Division.
14, Residuals shall not be distributed/land applied to any field that is flooded, frozen, or snow
covered.
15. Adequate provisions shall be taken to control public access to fields during active use.
16. All recipients of the distribution land applied residuals shall be provided with an
information/data sheet that contains the following minimum information:
a. The name, address, and telephone number of the person who prepared the residuals.
b. The name, address, and telephone number of the person distributing/land applying the
residuals.
c. A description of the source of, or the process by which the residuals were generated.
d. A summary of the results from the most recent round of residuals sampling/monitoring.
e. A summary of the volume of residuals distributed/land applied per acre.
A statement that the lifelong cumulative loading rate of aluminum shall not exceed
10,000 pounds per acre and an update of the cumulative load received to date.
g. A summary of the nutrients (i.e., PAN, phosphorous, and potassium) applied per acre.
h. A statement that an acceptable pH of greater than 6.0 must be maintained in the soil,
residuals and lime mixture, on all land application sites to ensure optimum yield for the
crop(s) and a list of recommendations to the recipient of the residuals regarding field use,
soil testing, pH adjustment, and other relevant agronomic information.
4

III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division to insure protection of the environment will be
established and an acceptable sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all distribution/land application
activities. The Permittee shall be responsible for developing and maintaining a consistent
field numberinglidentification system. These records shall include, but are not to be
necessarily limited to, the following information:
a. Source of residuals;
b. Date of residual application;
c. Information regarding the location of residual application (i.e., field owner name,
address, and telephone number; approximate field location; field number, etc.);
d. Method of application;
e. Weather conditions (i.e., sunny, cloudy, raining, etc.);
f. Soil conditions (i.e., dry, wet, frozen, etc.);
g. Type of crop(s) to be grown on field;
h. Volume of residuals applied in gallons per acre, dry tons per acre; and
i. Annual totals of dry tons per acre of residuals, annual pounds per acre of plant available
nitrogen (PAN), and annual pounds per acre of aluminum applied to each field.
3. All residuals included in this permit shall be monitored by the Permittee for compliance with
Condition H 5 of this permit. The results of all analyses shall be maintained on file by the
Permittee for a minimum of five years. For the first calendar year following this permit's
issuance, each batch of residuals shall be tested prior to distributiontland application. A batch
shall be defined as a continuous application of residuals for three (3) consecutive days. If
each sample complies with the limits set forth in Condition Il 5, then the monitoring
frequency may be reduced to an annual basis.
4. A residual analysis shall be conducted annually from the date of permit issuance by the
Permittee. The results of all analysis shall be maintained on file by the Permittee for a
minimum of five years. The residuals analysis shall include the following parameters:
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Selenium
Zinc
Aluminum
Ammonia -Nitrogen
Calcium
Magnesium
Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen
% TotaI Solids
pH
Phosphorus
Potassium
Sodium
TKN
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
5. A Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the
Permittee once per permit cycle. The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters
(please note the regulatory level in mg(-L in parentheses):

Arsenic (5.0)
Cadmium (1.0)
Chlorobenzene (100.0)
o-Cresol (200A)
Cresol (200.0)
(7.5)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
(0.13)
Endrin (0.02)
Hexachlorobenzene (0. 13)
Lead (5.0)
Methoxychlor (10.0)
Pentachlorophenol (100.0)
Silver (5.0)
Trichloroethylene (0.5)
(2.0)
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) (1.0)
Barium (100.0)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Chloroform (6.0)
m-Cresol (200.0)
2,4-D (10.0)
1, 1 -Dichloroethylene (0.7)
Benzene (0.5)
Chlordane (0.03)
Chromium (5.0)
p-Cresol(200.0)
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
HexachIoro-1,3-butadiene (0.5)
Hexachloroethane (3.0)
Lindane (0.4)
Mercury (0.2)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
Pyridine (5.0)
Selenium (1.0)
Tetrachloroethylene (0.7)
Toxaphene (0.5)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (400.0)
2,4,6-Tri chi orophenol
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
6. Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in conditions
111 1,1112, 1113, 1114, and 1115 shall be submitted annually on or before March 1 of the year
following the distribution/land application event to the following address:
NCDENR-DWQ
Aquifer Protection Section
Information Processing Unit
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
7. Noncompliance Notification:
The Perrnittee shall report by telephone to the Mooresville Regional Office, telephone
number [phone], as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next
working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the
following:
a. Any occurrence with the distribution program which results in the land application of
significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the distribution program resulting in a release of material to receiving
waters.
Any time that self -monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on which
the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate residual treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system during transportation of
residuals.

Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter form
within five (5) days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline the
actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. INSPECTIONS
The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and treatment
facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which may
cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a
nuisance. The Permittee shall maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the
date and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective
actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee
for a period of five years from the date of the inspection and shall be made available to the
Division or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division may, upon
presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises or place on or related to
the treatment site or facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance
with this permit; may inspect or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and
conditions of this permit; and may obtain samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
V. GENERAL CONDITIONS
This permit shall become voidable unless the distribution/land application activities are
carried out in accordance with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in
the manner approved by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of residuals described in
the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the
facilities to change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request
must be submitted to the Division accompanied by an application fee, documentation from
the parties involved, and other supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval of
this request will be considered on its merits and may or may not be approved.
4. Failure to abide by the conditions .and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina
General Statute 143-215.6A to 143-215.6C.
5. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty (30)
days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause the
Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205 (c)(4).
6. The issuance of this permit does not exempt the Permittee from complying with any and all
statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction, including but not limited to
applicable river buffer rules in 15A NCAC 2B.0200, erosion and sedimentation control

requirements in 15A NCAC Chapter 4 and under the Division's General Permit NCGO10000,
and any requirements pertaining to wetlands under 15A NCAC 2B .0200 and 2H .0500.
The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the
facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time
and under such conditions and Iimitations as it may deem appropriate.
This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division deems necessary in order to adequately
protect the environment and public health.
Permit issued this the 20' day of August 2006.
NORTH C OLINA E O NTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
r
Alan W. KIimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0018688

ATrACAMENT A - Approved Residual Source -Genera Facilities
Permit No. WQOD18688
F77
Town o Dallas
Facility Residuals Land Rp licatiotr Program
Owner
Facility Name
County
Permit Number
Issued By
Is 503?
Maximum
pry Tons
Per Year
Monitoring
Frequency for
Condition Ill. 5.
Monitoring
Frequency for
Cundltlon III.3. and
Condition Ill. 4.
Approved
Mineralization
Rale
Town of Dallas
ITown of Dallas Water Treatment Plant
Gaston
PW5 0 L-M-065
DWQ
503 Exempt
290.00
Once per peratit cycle
Annually
NIA
Total
290.00
Perna) No. WQ0018688 Page I of I Certification Date: August 20, 2006

SCALE IN FEET
0
2,000
4,000
4.1
n r
ZZ 1�
Woods -so
FIGURE I
TOWN OF DALLAS
WTP ALUM RESIDUALS DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM
GASTON COUNTY
W00018688
SITE LOCATION MAP