WQ0013263_Final Permit_20000927

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State of North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Bill Holman, Secretary
Kerr T. Stevens, Director
September 27, 2000
MR. GREG YOUNG, TOWN MANAGER
TOWN OF BOONE
POST OFFICE DRAWER 192
BOONE, NORTH CAROLINA 28607-0192
Dear Mr. Young:
A 17
NCDENR
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Subject: Permit No. WQ0013263
Town of Boone
Distribution of Class A
Wastewater Residuals
Watauga County
In accordance with your request received on .lulu 7, 2000, we are forwarding herewith Permit No.
WQ0013263, dated September 27, 2000, to the Town of Boone for the continued operation of a facility and
program for the distribution of wastewater residuals. The product is a Class A wastewater residual that is generated
by a heat drying facility at the Town's Wastewater Treatment Plant site.
This permit is being modified to reduce the monitoring frequency for metals whose concentrations are
regulated by 40 CFR Part 503 from quarterly to annually in the residuals to be distributed. In addition, the
frequency with which a toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) analysis must be performed on the
residuals to be distributed has been reduced from annually to once per permit cycle. Note that, according to 40
CFR Part 503, the monitoring frequency for pathogen densities as well as that to prove compliance with the
applicable "Process to Further Reduce Pathogens (PFRP)" and vector attraction reduction requirements cannot be
reduced from a quarterly basis.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until February 28, 2002; shall void Permit No.
WQ0013263 issued December 23, 1997. and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein.
Please take note of the following modifications that have been made to this permit:
♦ Condition I. L: A condition requiring the submission of the final engineer's certification to the Non -
Discharge Permitting Unit within 30 calendar days of this permit's issuance has been added, as
available records do not indicate that this certification has been received to date,
♦ Condition H. 7.: This condition has been amended to reflect the adoption of new rules by the Water
Pollution Control System Operators Certification Commission (WPCSOCC). The referenced
regulation is now 15A NCAC 8G .0202.
♦ Condition III, 3.: This condition has been amended to reflect the fact that the residuals only have to be
sampled and monitored for the metals whose concentrations are regulated by 40 CFR Part 503 on an
annual basis (i.e., reduced from quarterly). Other residual consituents not regulated by 40 CFR Part
503 must still be sampled and monitored on a quarterly basis.
♦ Condition III, 4.: A TCLP analysis now has to be performed on the residuals once per permit cycle
(i.e., reduced from annually). It is recommended that this test be performed in the same calendar year
in which the permit renewal application is due.
1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617 Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/10% post -consumer paper

♦ Condition III. 5.: This condition has been amended to reflect the fact that the Division of Water
Quality will not entertain requests to reduce the monitoring frequency required to demonstrate
compliance with the required pathogen reduction and vector attraction requirements_
♦ Condition III. 6.: This condition has been amended to reflect the new mailing address to be used when
submitting all monitoring and reporting information.
♦ Condition III. 7.: The telephone number for the Winston-Salem Regional Office has been amended
with the correct area code in this condition.
As always, pay particular attention to the monitoring and reporting requirements contained in this permit.
Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational information will
result in future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the right to
request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days following receipt of this permit. This request
must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North Carolina General Statutes, and filed
with the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-6714.
Unless such demands are made, this permit shall be final and binding.
If _you need additional information concerning this matter, plea contact Ms: Shannon. Mohr Thornburg at
[phone], extension 353.
2Sincc,
11
44
-s,'-Kerr T. Stevens
cc: Watauga County Health Department
Winston-Salem Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Winston-Salem Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Central Office, Groundwater Section
Technical Assistance and Certification Unit
Non -Discharge Compliance/Enforcement Unit

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
PERMIT FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF CLASS A RESIDUALS
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as amended, and
other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Town of Boone
Watauga County
FOR THE
continued operation of a treatment facility and program for the distribution of Class A wastewater residuals,
consisting of a heat dryer and all appurtenances required to make a complete and operational facility. The program
shall result in the distribution of up to 1,250 dry tons per year of a Class A heat -dried product generated from the
treatment of municipal wastewater residuals at the Town of Boone's Wastewater Treatment Plant in Watauga
County. The program shall be operated such that no discharge of waste to surface waters occurs, pursuant to the
application received on July 7, 2000 and in conformity with the project plan, specifications; and other supporting
data subsequently filed and approved by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and considered a..
part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until February 28, 2002; shall void Permit No.
WQ0013263 issued December 23, 1997; and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. Within 30 calendar days of the issuance of this permit, a copy of the certification, executed by a North
Carolina -licensed Professional Engineer and certifying that the permitted facility has been installed in
accordance with this permit, the approved plans, and the approved specifications, shall be submitted
for the Division of Water Quality's records. Mail one copy of the certification to the Non -Discharge
Permitting Unit, 1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1617.
The program for the distribution of Class A residual product shall be effectively maintained and
operated as a non -discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes to waters of the state
resulting from the operation of this program.
This permit small become voidable in the event of failure of the residuals program to protect the
assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and groundwater adequately.
4. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to surface
or groundwater resulting from the operation of this program.

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5. In the event that the residuals program is not operated satisfactorily, including the creation of nuisance
conditions, the Permittee shall take any .immediate corrective actions as may be required by the
Division of Water Quality (Division).
6. Diversion or bypassing of untreated residuals or leachate from the wastewater treatment facility and/or
residuals treatment facility shall be prohibited. All leachate shall be reused as a wetting agent for the
processing of residuals or routed to the headworks of the wastewater treatment facility.
7. When wastewater residuals are sold or given away, one of the Class A pathogen requirements in 40
CFR Part 503.32(a) and one of vector attraction reduction requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.33 shall be
met. Additionally, an evaluation shall be performed which demonstrates the residuals' ability to
comply with this requirement. Upon request, a copy of this evaluation shall be submitted including all
test results and calculations.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facility and program shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. No residuals other than the following shall be approved for distribution in accordance with this permit:
Permit Volume
Source County Number (dry tons/year)
Town of Boone WWTP Watauga NPDES Permit No, NC0020621 1,250
No other residual product other than that from the source specified in Condition 11. 2. above shall be
distributed under the conditions of this permit. The Permittee shall request and obtain a permit
amendment from the Division for each additional source prior to acceptance into the distribution
program.
4. For Class A residuals to be sold or given away in bags or other container for application to the land, the
following shall be satisfied:
The Ceiling Concentrations (i.e., on a dry weight basis) and the Pollutant Monthly Average
Concentrations (i.e., on a dry weight basis) shall be maintained:
Parameters
Ceiling
Concentrations
(malkO
Monthly Average
Concentrations
(mpg)
Arsenic
75
41
Cadmium
85
39
Copper
4,300
1,500
Lead
840
300
Mercury
57
17
Molybdenum
75
----
Nickel
420
420
Selenium
100
100
Zinc
7,500
2,800
All residuals shall be adequately stored to prevent leachate runoff prior to and following treatment.
The Class A residuals may be stored in an elevated silo, placed on a concrete pad, kept under shelter, or
covered until such time as it is distributed to the user. I-f an alternative storage site is to be used,
approval shall first be obtained from the Division.

Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from conveying
pollutants from the residuals treatment and/or storage areas onto adjacent property or into any surface
waters.
7. Upon classification of the facility by the Water Pollution Control System Operators Certification
Commission (WPCSOCC), the Permittee shall employ a certified operator to be in responsible charge
(ORC) of the residuals distribution program. The operator shall hold a certificate of the type
classification assigned to the residuals distribution program by the WPCSOCC. The Permittee shall
also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type to comply with the conditions of 15A
NCAC 8G .0202.
8. A label shall be affixed to the bag or other container in which residuals are sold or given away for
application to the land, or an information sheet shall be provided to the person who receives the
residuals sold or given away in another container for application to the land. The label or information
sheet shall contain the following information:
a. The name and address of the person who prepared the residuals that is sold or given away in a bag
or other container for application to the land.
b. A statement that application of the residuals to the land shall be prohibited except in accordance
with the instructions on the label or information sheet_
c_ The following statement shall be included to help prevent direct application of the product to water
supply sources and all other waters of the state. "As with any fertilizer product, do not apply in or
near any water supply source or any body of water, including wells, streams, rivers, and lakes."
d. Residuals shall not be applied to any site that is flooded, frozen, or snow-covered.
e. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any disposed or
stored residuals into any surface waters.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1_ Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue analyses) deemed
necessary by the Division to ensure protection of the environment shall be established and an
acceptable sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all residual activities. These records shall
include, but shall not necessarily be limited to the following information:
a_ Source, amount, and analysis of each residual.
b. Name of the initial recipient of the residuals, the amount distributed, and the intended use.
3. An analysis of the residuals shall be conducted by the Permittee annually from the date of permit
issuance for the following constituents:
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Selenium
Zinc
An analysis of the residuals shall be conducted by the Permittee quarterly from the date of permit
issuance for the following constituents:
Aluminum Ammonia -Nitrogen Calcium
Magnesium Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen pH
Phosphorus Potassium Sodium
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Total Solids (percent)
The results of all analyses shall be maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.

4: A Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee
once per permit cycle. The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters (i.e., note the
regulatory level in milligrams per liter in parentheses):
Arsenic (5.0)
Barium (100.0)
Benzene (0.5)
Cadmium (1.0)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Chlordane (0.03)
Chlorobenzene (100,0)
Chloroform (6.0)
Chromium (5.0)
o-Cresol (200.0)
m-Cresol (200.0)
p-Cresol (200.0)
Cresol (200,0) _
2,4-D (10.0)
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (7.5)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
1,1-Dichloroethvlene (0.7)
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (0.13)
Endrin (0.02)
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
Hcxachlorobenzene (0.13)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (0.5)
Hexachloroethane (3.0)
Lead (5.0)
Lindane (0.4)
Mercury (0.2)
Methoxvchlor (10,0)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
Pentachlorophenol (100.0)
Pyridine (5.0)
Selenium (1.0)
Silver (5.0)
Tetrachloroethylene (0.7)
Toxaphene (0.5)
Trichloroethylene (0.5)
2,4,5 Trichlorophenol (400.0)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2.0)
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) (1.0)
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
5. All residuals included in this permit shall be monitored by the Permittee for compliance with Condition
1. 6. of this permit quarterly from the date of permit issuance. The results of all analyses shall be
maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years_ Data to verify stabilization of the
residuals shall be maintained by the Permittee. The required data shall be specific to the stabilization
process utilized, but shall be sufficient to clearly demonstrate compliance with the Class A pathogen
requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a) and the vector attraction reduction requirements in 40 CFR Part
503.33. In addition, the EPA certification statements concerning compliance with pathogen
requirements, vector attraction reduction requirements, and management practices shall be completed
quarterly by the proper authority or authorities if more than one is involved, either the person who
generates the residuals or the person who prepares the residuals to be sold or given away.
6. Three copies,, of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in Condition III. 1.,
Condition 111. 2., Condition III. 3., Condition 111. 4., and Condition III. 5. shall be submitted annually
on or before March J." of the year following the distribution event to the following address:
NC Division of Water Quality
Water Quality Section
Non -Discharge Compliance/Enforcement Unit
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
7. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Winston-Salem Regional OfFice, telephone number (336)
771-4600, as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next working day following
the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the following:
a. Any occurrence with the residuals distribution program that results in the distribution of significant
amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the residuals distribution program resulting in a release of material to surface waters
Any time that self -monitoring information indicates that the residuals distribution program has
gone out of compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the program was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that renders the residuals distribution
program incapable of adequate residual treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system during transportation of residuals.
4

Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letterform within five
days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline the actions taken or
proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations in 15A NCAC
2L (Le., Groundwater Classifications and Standards). The Compliance Boundary for the disposal
systems constructed after December 31, 1983 is established at either (1) 250 feet from the waste
disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is closest to the waste disposal
area. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or beyond the Compliance Boundary is
subject to immediate remediation action in addition to the penalty provisions applicable under North
Carolina General Statute §143-215.6A(a)(1).
In accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around disposal systems
midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the waste disposal area_ Any
exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require remediation action on the part of the
Permittee_
2. Any groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the Division, shall be provided.
V. INSPECTIONS
The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and treatment facilities to
prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which may cause or Iead to the
release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall
maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the date and time of inspection, observations
made; and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This log of
inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of five _years from the date of the
inspection and shall be made available to the Division or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division may, upon presentation of
credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises or place on or related to the treatment site or
facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect
or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; and may obtain
samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
V. GENERAL CONDITIONS
I. This permit shall become voidable unless the distribution activities are carried out in accordance with
the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner approved by this Division.
2. This permit shall be effective only with respect to the nature and volume of residuals described in the
application and other supporting data.
This permit shall not be automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the facility
and/or program to change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request shall
be submitted to the Division accompanied by documentation from the parties involved and other
supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval_ of this request shall be considered on its
merits and may or may not be approved.

4. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the Permittee to
an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina General Statute §143-215.6A
through § 143-215.6C.
5. The annual administering and compliance fee shall be paid by the Permittee within 30 days after being
billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause the Division to initiate action to
revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205 (c)(4).
6. The issuance of this permit shall not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and all statutes,
rules, regulations, or ordinances that may be imposed by other government agencies (i.e., local, state,
and federal) which have jurisdiction.
7. The Permittee, at least six months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its extension.
Upon receipt of the request, the Commission shall review the adequacy of the facilities described
therein, and if warranted, shall extend the permit for such period of time and under such conditions and
limitations as it may deem appropriate_
8. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions, limitations, and
monitoring requirements the Division deems necessary in order to adequately protect the environment
and public health.
Permit issued this the tvy6nty-seventh clay of September, 2000
NORTH C,40LINA EN N - NTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
/4-Kerr T. Stevens, Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0013263
0