WQ0008778_Final Permit_19940217

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
February 17, 1994
Mr. Richard N. Hicks, Town Manager
Town of Farmville
Post Office Box 86
Farmville, North Carolina 27828
A4
or)
RL
[DEHNR
Subject: Permit No. WQ0008778
Town of Farmville
Land Application of Wastewater Residuals
Pitt County
Dear Mr. Hicks:
In accordance with your application received on December 8, 1993, we are forwarding herewith
Permit No. WQ0008778 dated February 17, 1994, to the Town of Farmville for the operation of a
wastewater residuals land application program.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until January 31, 1999, and shall be subject
to the conditions and limitations as specified therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring and
reporting requirements contained in this permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and
maintaining the required operational information will result in future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of
this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North
Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447,
Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. John Seymour at
[phone].
Sincerely,
I f
1�
A. Preston Howard, Jf., P.E.
cc: Pitt County Health Department
Greene County Health Department
Washington Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Washington Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Jack Floyd, Groundwater Section Central Office
Training and Certification Unit
Facilities Assessment Unit
Amsco Incorporated
P.D. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

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NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
RESIDUALS LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Town of Farmville
Pitt County
operation of a wastewater residuals land application program consisting of the application of approximately
500 dry tons per year of residuals from the Town of Farmville wastewater treatment facility to
approximately 300 acres of land in Pitt County and Greene County with no discharge of wastes to the
surface waters, pursuant to the application received on December 8, 1993, and in conformity with the
project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department
of Environment, Health and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until January 31, 1999, and shall be subject
to the following specified conditions and limitations:
1. The Washington Regional Office, telephone number 919/ 946-6481 and the appropriate
local governmental official (county manager/city manager) shall be notified at least twenty-
four (24) hours prior to the initial application of the residuals to a site so that an inspection
can be made of the application sites and application method. Such notification to the
regional supervisor shall be made during the normal office hours from 8:00 a.m. until 5:00
p.m. on Monday through Friday, excluding State Holidays. In addition, the Pitt County
and the Greene County Manager's office must be notified prior to the initial application so
that they will be aware that the operation has commenced.
2. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately assimilate the wastes and
may be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner which will
protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and ground waters.
3. The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -
discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this
program.

4. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages
to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.
5. In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including the
creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying residuals to the sites and
take any immediate corrective actions as may be required by the Division.
6. Some of the buffers specified below may not have been included in previous permits for
this land application operation. However, any sites or fields that are included in this
permit, but were approved with different applicable buffers shall be reflagged to comply
with the below buffers. The following buffer zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
surface application method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a
minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and approval from the
appropriate DEM regional office,
b) 200 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for
subsurface residual injection method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be
reduced to a minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the owner and the
appropriate DEM regional office,
c) 100 feet from any public or private water supply source, waters classified as SA or SB,
and any Class I or Class II impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water for
both methods,
d) 100 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for surface application,
e) 50 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or
coastal waters and any other lake or impoundment for subsurface application,
f) 50 feet from property lines for both surface and subsurface application methods;
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for both application methods,
h) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both
application methods,
i) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater
drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both application methods.
7. A copy of this permit shall be maintained at the land application site when residuals are
being applied during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be
maintained in all residuals transport and application vehicles.
8. Specific residual application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior to
and during application.
9. No residuals at any time shall be stored at any application site, unless approval has been
requested and obtained from the Division of Environmental Management.
10. Maximum slope for residual application shall be 10% for surface application and 18% for
subsurface applications.
11. When wastewater residuals are applied, the Class A pathogen requirements and site
restrictions in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a) or the Class B pathogen requirements and site
restrictions in 40 CFR Part 503.32(b) must be met. Additionally, an evaluation must be
performed which demonstrates the residuals ability to comply with this requirement, Upon
request, a copy of this evaluation must be submitted including all test results and
calculations.
2

1. The facilities and application sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover, as listed in condition 1114, shall be maintained in accordance
with the crop management plan outlined by the local Extension Office of the Department of
Agriculture, or the Soil Conservation Service, or other agronomist, and approved by this
Division.
3. An acceptable pH must be maintained in the soil, residual and lime mixture, greater than
6.0, on all land application sites to insure optimum yield for the crop(s) specified below.
The agronomist shall provide information on the pH best suited for the specified crop and
the soil type.
4. The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
f Qr p PAN {lb-.&crel
Alfalfa
200
Bermuda Grass (Hay, Pasture)
220
Blue Grass
120
Corn (Grain)
160
Corn (Silage)
200
Cotton
70
Fescue
250
Forest (Hardwood & Softwood)
75
Milo
100
Small Grain (Wheat, barley, oats)
100
Sorghum, Sudex (Pasture)
180
Sorghum, Sudex (Silage)
220
Soybeans
200
Timothy, Orchard, & Rye Grass
200
5. No residuals other than the following are hereby approved for land application in
accordance with this permit:
Permit Estimated
Source County Number Volume fda tonsZygg
Town of Farmville WWTP Pitt NC00029572 500
6. The metal loading rates shall not exceed the following Cumulative Pollutant loading rates:
Kilograms Pounds
Parameters tier Hectare uer Acre
Arsenic
41
36
Cadmium
39
34
Chromium
3,000
2,677
Copper
1,500
1,338
Lead
300
267
Mercury
17
15
Molybdenum
18
16
Nickel
420
374
Selenium
100
89
Zinc
2,800
2,498
3

7. The pollutant concentrations in the residuals which will to applied to the land shall not
exceed the following Ceiling Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis):
P rs
m LA E
Arsenic
75
Cadmium
85
Chromium
3,000
Copper
4,300
Lead
840
Mercury
57
Molybdenum
75
Nickel
420
Selenium
100
Zinc
7,500
8. Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee shall
employ a certified land application/residuals operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of
the land application program. The operator must hold a certificate of the type classification
assigned to the land application program by the Certification Commission. The Peruuttee
must also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type to comply with the
conditions of Title 15A NCAC 8A, .0202.
9. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored residuals into any surface waters.
10. Surface applied residuals will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours after
application on lands with no cover crop established.
11. For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100-year flood elevation, residuals may
be applied only during periods of dry weather. The residuals must be incorporated into the
soil within twenty-four (24) hours after application.
12. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application sites
during active site use and for the 12-month period following the last residual application
event. Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the activities being
conducted at each site.
13. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from the residuals application area onto the adjacent property or into
any surface waters.
14. Residuals shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a rainfall
event of 1/2-inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency residuals disposal measures must
first be approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
15. Residuals shall not be applied to any land application site that is flooded, frozen or snow-
covered.
16. Residuals shall not be applied at rates greater than agronomic rates, unless authorized by
the Division.
17. Animals shall not be grazed on an application site for 30 days after residuals application.
Application sites that are to be used for grazing shall have fencing that will be used to
prevent access after each application.
n
u

18. Food crops, feed crops and fiber crops that do not come in contacti roiduals shall
not be harvested for 30 days after residuals application.
19. Food crops with harvested parts that touch the residual/soil mixture and are totally above
the land surface (ex. tobacco, melons, cucumbers, squash, etc.) shall not be harvested for
14 months after residuals application.
20. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land (root crops such as potatoes,
carrots, radishes, etc.) shall not be harvested for 20 months after application of residuals
when the residuals remain on the land surface for four (4) months or longer prior to
incorporation into the soil.
21. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land shall not be harvested for 38
months after application of residuals when the residuals remain on the land surface for less
than four (4) months prior to incorporation into the soil.
22. Turf shall not be harvested for 1 year after residuals application if the turf is to be placed on
land with a high potential for public exposure.
Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management to insure
protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable sampling and reporting
schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all application activities.
These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following information:
a) source of residuals
b) date of residual application
c) location of residual application (site, field, or zone #)
d) method of application
e) weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, raining, etc.)
f) soil conditions
g) type of crop or crops to be grown on field
h) volume of residuals applied in gallons/acre, dry tons/acre or kilograms/hectare
i) annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of residuals, annual and cumulative
pounds/acre of each heavy metal (which shall include, but not be limited to arsenic,
cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium and zinc),
annual pounds/acre of plant available nitrogen (PAN), and annual pounds/acre of
phosphorus applied to each field.
3. A representative annual soils analysis (Standard Soil Fertility Analysis) shall be conducted
of each site receiving residuals in the respective calendar year and the results maintained on
file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.
The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis shall include, but is not necessarily limited to, the
following parameters:
Acidity Manganese Potassium
Calcium Percent Humic Matter Sodium
Copper pH Zinc
Magnesium Phosphorus
Base Saturation (by calculation)
Cation Exchange Capacity
5

The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis (see above) and an analysis for the following mctals
shall be conducted once prior to permit renewal on soils from each site which has received
sludge during the permit cycle.
Arsenic Lead Nickel
Cadmium Mercury Selenium
Chromium Molybdenum
4. A residuals analysis will be conducted quarterly from the date of permit issuance by the
Permittee and the results maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years.
If land application occurs at a frequency less than quarterly a residuals analysis will be
required for each instance of land application.
The residuals analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to the following
parameters:
Arsenic
Aluminum
Cadmium
Ammonia -Nitrogen
Chromium
Calcium
Copper
Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen
Lead
% Total Solids
Mercury
pH
Molybdenum
Phosphorus
Nickel
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
Selenium
Potassium
Zinc
Sodium
Magnesium
TKN
After the residuals have been monitored for two years at the above frequency, the Permittee
may submit a request to the Division
for a permit modification for the reduction of the
frequency of monitoring for pollutant
concentrations and for the pathogen density
requirements, but in no case shall the frequency of monitoring be less than once per year
when residuals are applied to the land.
5. A Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the
Permittee annually. The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters (please note
the regulatory level in mg/L in parentheses):
Arsenic (5.0)
Barium (100.0)
Benzene (0.5)
Cadmium (1.0)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Chlordane (0.03)
Chlorobenzene (100.0)
Chloroform (6.0)
Chromium (5.0)
o-Cresol (200.0)
m-Cresol (200.0)
p-Cresol (200.0)
Cresol (200.0)
2,4-D (10.0)
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (7.5)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
1,1-Dichloroethylene (0.7)
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (0.13)
Endrin (0.02)
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
Hexachlorobenzene (0.13)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (0.5)
Hexachloroethane (3.0)
Lead (5.0)
Lindane (0.4)
Mercury (0.2)
Methoxychlor (10.0)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
Pentachlorophenol (100.0)
Pyridine (5.0)
Selenium (1.0)
Silver (5.0)
Tetrachloroethylene (0.7)
Toxaphene (0.5)
Trichloroethylene (0.5)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (400.0)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2.0)
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) (1.0)
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
6

6. All residuals included in this permit must be monitored quarterly from the date of permit
issuance, for compliance with condition I I of this permit. Data to verify stabilization of
the residuals must be maintained by the Permittee. The required data is speck to the
stabilization process utilized, but should be sufficient to clearly demonstrate compliance the
Class A pathogen requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a) or with the Class B pathogen
requirements and site restrictions in 40 CFR Part 503.32(b). In addition, the EPA
certification statements concerning compliance with pathogen requirements, vector
attraction reduction requirements and management practices must be completed quarterly by
the proper authority or authorities if more than one is involved, either the person who
prepares the residuals, the person who derives the material, or the person who applies the
residuals.
After the residuals have been monitored for two years at the above frequency, the Permittee
may request a permit modification for the reduction of the frequency of monitoring for
pollutant concentrations and for the pathogen density requirements, but in no case shall the
frequency of monitoring be less than once per year when residuals are applied to the Iand.
7. Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in
conditions III 1, 1112, III 3, III 4,1115 and III 6 shall be submitted annually on or before
March 1 of the following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
8. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Washington Regional Office, telephone
number 919/ 946-6481 as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the
next working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of
the following:
a. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the land application
of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a release of material to receiving
waters.
c. Any time that self -monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate residual treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting residuals to the
application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline
the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
VA

�i ►1 ■: : : 0101111 : 513TTRW
The COMPLIANCE B ARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations in
15A NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary is
for the disposal system constructed after December 31, 1983 is established at either (1) 250
feet from the waste disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is
closest to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or
beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate remediation action in addition to
the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute 143-215.6A(a)(1).
In accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around the
disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the
waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require
remediation action on the part of the permittee.
2. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high water
table is less than three feet below land surface.
3. Any groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the Division, shall be
provided.
► 1►
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and application
facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which
may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a
nuisance. The Permittee shall maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the
date and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective
actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee
for a period of five years from the date of the inspection and shall be made available to the
Division of Environmental Management or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of Environmental
Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property,
premises or place on or related to the application site or facility at any reasonable time for
the purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect or copy any records
that must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; and may obtain samples of
groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
►'��l1�► ..I�Ii 12113 1 ►
1. This pen -nit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried out in
accordance with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner
approved by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in
the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not automatically transferable. in the event that there is a desire for the
facilities to change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request
must be submitted to the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an
application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting materials as
may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its merits and may
or may not be approved.
N.

4. The following are approved sites for residuals application (see attached map(s)):
Application Area [acres]
Site -No— Owner/Lessee (excluding buffers)
001-01
Harold Flanagan
18.0
001-02
Harold Flanagan
38.0
001-03a
Harold Flanagan
6.5
001-043
Harold Flanagan
8.0
002-01
J. H. Harper Heirs
16.0
002-02
J. H. Harper Heirs
20.0
002-03
J. H. Harper Heirs
8.0
002-04a
J. H. Harper Heirs
27.0
002-05
J. H. Harper Heirs
5.0
002-06
J. H. Harper Heirs
40.0
002-07
J. H. Harper Heirs
4.0
002-08
J. H. Harper Heirs
5.0
002-09
J. H. Harper Heirs
26.5
002-10
J. H. Harper Heirs
38.0
002-11
J. H. Harper Heirs
21.0
002-12
J. H. Harper Heirs
19.0
TOTAL AVAILABLE ACRES
300.0
The land application sites designated below are covered in part by soils having a
seasonal high water table less than three (3) feet below land stirface. Therefore, no
residuals shall be applied to these fields during the ,period from November through
March, inclusive:
5. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental Management in
accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6(a) to 143-215.6(c).
6. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty
(30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause
the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205
(c)(4).
7. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and
all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
8. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the
facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time
and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
9. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental Management deems
necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and public health.
E

10. This permit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee and the
landowners/lessees are in full force and effect. The land owner agreements are considered
expired concurrent with the expiration date of the permit and must be renewed at the same
time the permit is renewed.
Permit issued this the 17th day of February, 1994
NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
A. Preston Howard, Jr., PI., Director i
Division of Environmental Management
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit No. WQ0008778
10

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RATING SCALE FOR CLASSIFICATION OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS
Name 'of Facility: . �nw>7 C f i r r/ r (f e _ W U/ 7T
Owner or Contact Person:
Mailing Address: __ pf� . _ r . 9,6' _,�„�„rr lt, (Ie 7� 2 V
County: r Telephone:
Present Classification: N '7acility t/ Existing Facility
NPDES Per, No. N000 Nondisc. Per. No,;�i 77YHeaith i)ept. Per. No _
Rated by: Se Mou.- Telephoner Date: ox 1q
Reviewed by: Health Dept. Telephone:
-----:Regional Office Telephone:
Central Office Telephone:
ORO: Grade: Telephone,
Check Classification(s): 'Subsurface Spray Irrigation LandApplication. �.
Wastewater Classification: (Circle One) 1 11 lif.. IV Total Points:
►♦ �►. r:91 !: : to ! ate: 1■ PIMOM
:ate ! r.: _ �..:1•.1 5"t. :►I► 7 �►. � ►�.
SUBSURFACE CLASSIFiCATM
(check all units that apply)
1. seplic tanks
2. pump tanks
3, siphon or pump -dosing systems
4. sand filters
5. grease trapfinlerceptor
6. oil/water separators
7. subsurface treatment and disposal:
^.,,.,`�g ravil y
�oressure
SPRAY IRRIGATION CLASSIFICATION
(check alf units that apply)
1.
preliminary treatment (definition no. 32 }
2,
lagoons .
3.
septic tanks
4.
pump tanks
5,
pumps
6.
sand fillers
7.
grease lrapitnlercepior
8,
oil/water separators
9.
disinfection
10,
chemical addition for
nutrient/algae control
11,
spray irrigation of wastewater
Pretreatment of wastewater In excess of -these components shall be rated using the point rating
system and will require an operator with an appropriate dues certification.
LAN L ICATION/RESI DUALS CLASSIFICATION (Applies only to permit holder)
1. Land application of blosolids, residuals or contaminated soils an a designated site.
WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACIUTY CLASSIFICATION
The following systems shall be assigned a Glass I classification, un. less the flow is of a significant quantity or the technology is
unusually complex, to require consideration by the Commission on a case -by -case basis: (Check 9 Appropriate)
1 Oil/wafer Separalor Systems consisting only of physical separation, pumps and disposal;
2, Seplic Tank/Sand Filler Systems consisling only of septic tanks, dosing apparatus, pumps,sand filters, disinfection
and direct discharge;
3. Lagoon Systems consisting only of preliminary treatment, lagoons, pumps, disinfection, necessary chemical
treatment for algae or nutrient conlroi, and direct discharge;
4. Closed -loop Recycle Systems;
5. Groundwater Remediation Systems consisting only of pumps, air-slripping, carbon adsorplion, disinfeclion and
disposal; _
6. Fish farms with discharge to surface waters;
7.- Wale-r Plant sludge handling and back -wash water treatment;
8. 5ealood processing consisting of screening and disposal.
9. Single-lamily discharging systems with the' exe.aption of Aerobic Treatment Units, will be cfassified if permitted alter
July 1, 1993 or if upon inspeplion by The Division, it is. found that the system is not being adequately operated or
maintained. Such systems will be notified of the classilicaiion or. reclassification by the Commission. -ill writing,
I

The following scale is used for rating wastewater treatment facilities: (circle appropriate
points) ' - --
REM - POINTS
( 1 j Industrial Pretrealmera Units or Industrial Pretreatment Program see delfnitlon No. 3.......................................4
(2) DFJ;GN FLOW' OF PLANT IN g ( ) sludge
gpd (not applicable to mn-contaminaled coaling waters, sludge handling '-
faciuiies for water purification puns, totally closed cycle systems(sea dellnhlon No. 11), and facilities
consisting only of Item (4)(d) or 'ems (4)(d) and (11)(d))
0 - 20.000.. ..,.....:.......................................................I........I......,,....,......................................1
........
20,001 - 50,000..:................ :....................................................... ...:............. ........I ........................... 2
50,001 - .100,000........................................................._.......3
100.001 - 250,000.....................................................................................................4
250,001 - 500,000........................................................ ..................................-................._.....................5
500.001 - 1.000,00.................................................... ............................................ ................................ 6
1,000,001 - 2,000,00G.........................................-.................................................................................10
2.000.001 (and up) rate 1 point addillonaf for each 200,CGD gpd capacity up 10 a
maximum cl........................................................................30
design Flow (gpd)
(3) PRELIMINARY UN€TSIPROCESSES (see definition No_32)
(a) BarScreans;.........................................................................................._....................................................1
or
(b) Mechanical Screens, Static Screens or Comminuting Devices........................................................................2
(c) Grit Removal ..............................:..........................:..............................:................................................1
or .
(d)
i%chanlcalorAsFated GrhRemoval ................. ................2
(a)
Flow Measuring Device..............................................................................................................................1
or
(1)
Instrumented Flow Measurement..........................:........................... ................ ,................... I ................... 2
oreaeralinn ...r.,._,,._,........._................................................ ............................. I ... I ..... I ............ 2
(h)
Inlluerrl Flow Equalization..............................................:......................._...._........-_.._.................................2
(1)
Groase or Oil Separators - Gravity.................................................................................................................2
Mechanical.............................................................................................................._.................................3
Dissolved Air Flotation ..................................................... ............................................_.............................6
.
{))
Prechlor€naaon................................................................5
(4) PRiMARYTREATMENT UNrrS/PRCCESSES
(a)
Septic Tank (see definition No. 43)...............................................................................I............................2
(b)
Imhoff Tank-.. ..........................................................................._................................................................5
(c)
Primary clarifiers ...............................................................................................................I..........I...............5
(d)
Settling Ponds or Settling Tanks for Inorganic Non -toxic Materials (sludge handling facilities for
water purification plants, sand, gravel, stone, and other mining operations except racrealronal
activities such as gem or gold mining)..............................................._.._...._.............. ...........2
(5)_ SECONDARY TREATMENT LN;TSIPROCESSES
(a)
Carbonaceous Stags
(1) Aeration -High Purity Oxygen System...............................................................................20
DiffusedAir System .............................................. ................ ..................... ................... 1 0
Mechanical Air System (fixed, boating or rotor)..................................................................13
Separate Sludge Reaerwion.............................................................................................3
(ii) Trickling Filter
HighRate ..................................... .........,........................................................................7
StandardRate................................................................................................................5
PackedTower... ...................._..........................................................................5
Biological Aerated Filter orAerated
BiologicalFiber ..................................................:......_...._.................._..........................1 0
(tv) Aerated Lagoons...................................................................................... ,................ 10
(v) Rotating Biological Contactors; ............ .... ................................... .......... I ....... ..... ........... 10
(VI) Sand Fillers-Inlermillani biological ..................................................................................2
Recirculating biological..............................................-_...._..............................-....,............3
(vI€) Stabilization Lagoons.....................................................................................................5
(viif) Cl Aisr......................................................................... ...5
(ix) Single stage system for combined carbonacaous removal of 800 and nitrogenous
removal by nitrification (sea definition No, 12)(Points Ior this item hays to be In
addition to Items (5}(a){i) through (5)(a)(Aii),
utilizing the extended aeration process (see dellnition No,sa) ...........................................2
utilizing other than the extended aeration process............................................................8
(x) Nutrient additions to enhance 500 ramoval......................................................................5
(xl) Biological Culture ('Super Bugs')addition........................................................................5
(b)
Nitrogenous Stage
(i) Aeration - High Purity Oxygen System.............................................................................20
DiffusedAir System ................................ :........ ..................................... -.......... I .......... ...10
Mechanical Air System (fixed, floating or rolor)..........................................................I......-8
SeparateSludge Roaaration.............................................................................................3
(i€) Trickling Fi31er-High Rate .............................. ........................................................... ...,......7
StandardRate ............................................. .................................................................... 5
PackedTower.................................................................................................................5
(iii} Biological Aerated Filter or Aerated Biological Fiber ........................................................... 1 0
(N) Rotating Biological Contactors ...................... ................................... ......... :................ .... 10
(v) Sand Filter- intermittent biologfcal...................................................................................2
Recirculating biological ...................................... .....r_...._.....................................................3
(vi) Clarilier.................................. ..........................:::............................................................ 5
(6) TERTIARY OR ADVANCED TREATMENT LPI€TSrPROCESSES
(a)
Activated Carbon Beds -
without carbon regeneration .............. :..:.....:.......:...... ................. .......,.........................................5
with carbon regenerailon..............:................... ....:..............::....::....................................... . 1 5
- (h)
Powdered or Granular Activated Carbon Fead-
without carbon' regenaratlon............... ...............................::.:................__•.............................5
.with carbon reganoralion.:.......... ........ ............ ....................... ....'........... ............................... 15
- (c)
Air siripping....................................... ................. ........ -............ .-... -....... -.:.._................................................ 5
(d)
DenhrilicalionProcess ........... :............................................... .................... .......................... ............ I ..... 10

(a)
Eiectrodiaiysls.................................................................. .......................-....._._........................:..................5
(f)
Foam Separation.. ..............-......,....................................-..,...........-...._...........................5
(g)
Ion Exchange...........................................................-.........................I......................6
( h)
Land Application of Treated Effluent (see definition No. 22b) (rml applicable for sand,
'gravel, stone and other similar mining operalfons) by high rate Infiltration................................................:....A
(1)
Mkroscreens........................................... ........................................... .......................................... ............ S '
O)
phosphorous Removal by Biological Protases (See definition No. 26).................... :..................................-.20 •
(k)
Polishing Ponds - without aeration .................... ..... ....................... ................................................. .....:...... 2-
wllhaerallon............. ................. :.................... ._..... ..................................... .5 '
(1)
Post Aeration - cascade........................................................ :......................................... ......................... :..... 0 _ •;..
diffused or mechanical .....................:...... :
(m)
Reverse Osmosis ....................... ......................,...... ,.........:....................................,....................................5
.
(n)
Sand or Mixed -Media Filters - low rate..........................................................................................................2 .
high rate ................
(o)
Treatment processes for removal of metal or cyanldo............. .............. .............. .......................................... i 5
(p)
treatment processes for removal of toxic materials other than metal or cyanide..............................................15
(7)
SLUCGETREATMENT
(a)
Sludge Digestion Tank - Heated................................................................................................................10.
Aerobic 6
Unhealed 3
(b)
Sludge Stabilization (char, fcal or Ihermal)............................................................... .....6
(c)
Sludge Drying Beds - Gravlly ...............:..........I. ..............2
Vacuum Assisted .................... .............................. ...................................... ........................... ....... ............,5
(d)
Sludge Elulrialion..................................... ...................................................... ............:.:.............................5
(a)
Sludge Conditioner (chemical or thermal)..........................................................................................:..........5
(f)
Sludge Thickener (gravity) ............... .......................................................................................................... •5
(g)
Dissolved Air Flotation Unit (not applicable to a unit rated as(3)(f))............ :............................... .......... :...... 0
(h)
Sludge Gas Utilization (including gas storage) ....... :.......................................... ........................ ................... .2
(I)
Sludge. Holding Tank - Aerated....................................................................................................................5
No n- a e rated..................................................................................... .........................................................2
WSludge
Incinerator (not Including activated carbon regeneration)................................................................10
(k)
Vacuum Filter, Centrifuge, or Filter Press or other similar dewatering devices .......................................... ... ..... 10
(a)
RESIDUALS
UTILI7ATIONlDISPOSAIr (including lncfnsrated ash)
(a)
Lagoons. ....... .. .................2
................... .......... .............. ....-.....................................................................
(b)
Land Application (surface and subsurface) (saa definition 22a)
by contracting le a land application operator or landfill operator who hoids the land
application permit or landfill permit ........... ......................... ........................................................ :............. : 2
(c)
Dedicated Landfill(burial) by the perminae of the wastewater Treatment.. laeillty........................................:-...5
(9)
DIStNIFECTM
(a)
Chlorination...........................................................................................................................I..........I.......5
(b)
Dechlorination...........................................................................................................................................5
(c)
ozone ................ ........ .....,.,....,...,.... ........ .......... .,,................. .... ....... ,.... .............. .................. .,..-............ .5 '
(d)
7
Radiation............:.........................................................................................:..........................-.......5
(10)
CHEMICAL ADDITION SYSTEM(S) ( see definition No. 9) (not applicable to chemical additions rated as Item
(3)0), (5)(a)(xi),
(6)(A), (6)(b), (7)(b), (7)(e). (9a), (9)(b) or (9)(c) 5 points each;
List.....................................................................................................................................
5
.............................................................................................. I ................ ,. .......... .s
..........................................................................................................................5
..................................................................................................................................5
(1 1)
MISCELI- ANECUS UN7SrPROCESSES
(a)
Holding Ponds, Holding Tanks or Settling Ponds for Organic or Toxic Materials Including waslas
from mining operations containing nitrogen or phosphorus compounds in amounts significantly
greater than is common for domestic wastewater ....... ................................................................................. A
(b)
Effluent Flow Equalization (not applicable to storage bas-ins which are Inherent In land application
systems)................................................................................................................ .......-..........................2
(c)
Stage Discharge (not applicable to storage basins Inherent in land application systems)..................................5
(d)
Pumps................................................................................................................................................3
is)
Sland-By Power Supply ....................... ................ ................. ........................................... I .... I ... I ................ 3
(1)
Thermal Poflufion Control Device.............................................................................................I...................3
TOTAL POtNTS ................................................ I ................ I ....... . _
CLASSIFICAT)ON
Clas51...........................................................................................................5.25 Points
Class II ...........:........
Class111....... ................................... .............................. ,............................... 51.65 Points
class IV......................................................................:................................66-Up Points
Facilities having a rating of one through four points. Inclusive, do not require a cenilied operator.
Facilities having an activated sludge process will be assigned a minimum cfassilicalion of Class II,
Facilities having treatment processes for the removal of metal or cyanide will be assigned a minimum classification of Class 11.
Facilities having treatment processes for the biological removal of phosphorus will be assigned a minimum classification of Class 111
.0004 DEFINITIONS -
The IdlVMng 6o11r4dons shalt apply throughoul this Subehaplor. _
(1) Activaled Carbon Beds. A phy0tallchemical method far reducing soluble organic malarial from wastewater offiuonl; The colur ,type beds used in this method will have
I
flow late varying from two to eight gallons per minute per square loot and may be either upAow or downhow carbon beds. Carbon may cc may not be regenerated on the
waslewalat Iraalment plant site:
(2J Aeraisci Lagoons. A basin in which all &Vida are maintained in suspension end by which biological oxidation or organic matter Is reduced duoagh a&Walty occalwalod
Iranslor of oxygen on a Ilow.lkough basis: -
(3) Aeration. A process of bringing about Intimate contact between air or Ngh purity oxygen in a lkgAd by spraying, agitation or dilfuslor,X3a) Erlended Aeration, '_An _
octivaled sludge process utilizing a rrirrnxrm hydrastic delenuon $me of 16 hours.
(4) Agricufluraily managed site. My flLo on which a crop jis produced, managed, and harvested (crop Includes grasses, grains, trees, Bic.); - - '-
15) Air Stripping. A process by which the ammonium lon is first cawerled to dissolved ammonia (pH aduitnriort) with tha anxnods then released to the atmosphere by
physical means; ce eater simlar processas which ramova pelroloun'products such as bonzone, totvona, and xy$eno:
is) Carbon ABg Bner atipn. The regeneration of exhausted carbon by the flee of a kirnace to provide extremely high lemparaluras which vdatigie and oxidize die absorbed
impurilies:
(7) Carbonacoous Stage. A stage of wastewater tre ,imem designed to achieve 'secondary' elAuont %milt; - - - - — •'
(a) Centrifuge. A mechanical device In wNch centsir igal lance is used to sapaiale solids from liquds or to saparile r.giids of dilfosenl densloas.;�
(9) Chomical A461�9n Sysloms. The addition of chomical(s) to waalBwator at an application point for purposes of imprmiN solids removal, pH adj�strnanl, atkaiinily control. .
etc.; the capability to BrparimBnt with different chemicals and different application points to oChievo a spocific result will ba considared one sys: :_lrso capability to add

cherrical(s) la dual uric will be ruled as ono system; cepebllisy to add a cnamcai at a diiwont apphcrlion points for dirlerent purposes wN result to the systems being
railed as sap.raty systems:
(Io) Churrical Siudgo Canditior+ing. The addition of a dherricat corrpotnd such as limo, ferric chloride, or a pclyaor to wol sludgy to coalesce the mass prior to la
appt7calion to a dewaloring device;
(11) Closed Cycle Systems. Use of holdrig ponds or holding Lanka for comalnmwnt of waslawaler containing Inorgaric, non -toxic materials from tend• gravel; cwstwd
slono or other similar operations. Such systems shall carry A rt.aximum of two points regardless of pamping facilities or any other appurtenances;
(12) Combinud Rommvsl of Carbonscoous BOO and Nitroganaus Bomoval by Hiliiftation- A single stave system requirod to acFiovo permit oliuenl Iifrius on SOD and
ammonia ritrogon withln the same biological reactor; '
(13) Dsrcfurinallon. The partial or complete raductim of na%Jdui S cHorine in a IWId by any charrical or physaeal process; -
(14) Deritrihcalian PrO19". The conversion of nitralo•nitrogen to riirogan gas;
(15) Efectrodiatysls. Process or romoving €onlzed sails from water ttyousgh the use of Ian-selodryo lorra_zchmqu membranes;
(16) FrTlet Press. A process oppressed metiharicaly for partially dawalering sludge; "-
(17) Foam' Separation. The plsrned frothing of wastewaler or wos!ewatw effluent as a mheankor fomo%Ing excessive amourrls al detergent materials through the
lnlrodudion of air In tho lam of fine bubbles; also called loam troctionation;
(18) Grit Removal. The process of removing grit end other heavy nines] matter horn wastewater;
(lg) Emhart Tank. A deep two story wastewater tank consisting of an upper to4imar4ation chamber and a lower SJudgo digestion chambeC.
(20) Incrurnent.ad Row Maasxroment. A device which Indicates and records rote of aaw;
(21) Ion Exchange. A chemical process in winch Ions from two difleronl motenlas are exchanged;
(22) Land -application: '
(a) Sludge Disposal, A final sludge dispasar method by wh€ch wet sludge may be apciled to land either by spraying on the surface or by subsurface Iriection (i.e„
chisel plow); [not applicable for typos of sludge described In (Ili) of this Ahlal:
(b) Treated Ellivent- Tlw process of spraying treated Wastewaler onto a land ataa air other methods at app!iulion of wastewater onto a rand area as a moans of final
disposal or trratmanl;
(23) µlcrosaeen. A low speed, continuously back washed, roleling dctrn filter operaliog under gavhy condlions as as pollshing molt.od Jar removing wspended solids
from alauent; -
(24) Nitrification Process. -Thu blochomlcal convorslon of unoxicized nitrogen (ammonla and organic h'trogen) to oxidized rivogon (usually nitrate);
(25) Nitrogenous Stags. A separalo stage of waslowatar treatmuni designed for the specilic purpose of corxoring ammoria nitrogen to nitrate,nitrogon;
(26) Phosphate Removal, Biological. The romOval of phosphorus horn waslirwator by an oslclanoxic process designed to enhance luxixy uptake of phosphorus by the
micro organisrru; -
(27) Polishing Pond. A holding pond lolowing secondary treatment with suffidem detention lime to allow Wiling of finofy wspended solids;
(28) Post Aeration. Aeration following corwentionat seegnduy trealrr»nt units to Invoase effluent D.O, or Jar any ocher purpose;
(29) Post Aeration. (Cascade) A polishing method by which dissotvad oxygen Is added to .lhs olauend by a thormaclsarieel, gravity moans of laving down a steles of
steps or weirs; The low ocnxrirg across the slays or weirs rr»ves In a fairly thin layer and the operation of the cascade iniquifei no operator adrustment; thus. zoro
points are assigned even though this Is an essential slap to meeting tha brit$ of the discharge pomnit; -
(30) Powdered to Grantiar Activated -Carbon Paid. A biophysical carbon process Vul utili;as• bidog-cal activity and organic absorption, by using powdered or gomilar
activated carbon; Avyn or ragenorated carbon Is feed controlled Into the system;
(3f) Proaeralicn. A tank coristrtsded to provide aeration prior to primary treaimanl;
(32) Preliminary Units. Unit opetaliorss in Lhw treatment process, such as screening and comminution, that prepare the liquor for subsequent major cF.erations;
(33) Industrial Pratroalmeril.
(a) Pre•lreatmenl Uri[, Industrial. Thu conditioning of a waste at Its source before discharge, fo remove or to neutralize substances Initrious to sewers and vo;"ertt
processes or to effocl a partial rrsduct€on in load on the treatrnora process which is operated by the same governing body as the wastewater treatmenl plant being
rated;
b) Pre-trealmenl Program, Industrial - must be a Stale or EPA required program to receive points on the fating $heat;
(34) Primary Ga6liers. The 19isl settling larks through which wastewater is passed in a b•ealmena works for the purpose of removing settleable and suspended solids and
SOD which Is associated with ltto solids;
(35) Punps. All Inauenl, olauent and In-ptanl pumps;
(36) Radiation. Disinfection or slerifizagon process utilizing devices erritting ultavidel or gamma rays;
(37) Reverse Osmosis. A treatment process In which a heavy contairinalod liquid Is pressurized trough a membrane forming nearly,pue liquid free from suspended solids;
(38) Rotating Nologlcal Contractors, A fixed biological growth process in which wastewater lows through tanks in which a series of partially submerged circular surfaces
ace rotated: - -
(39) Sand Filters,
(a) Intefriinord Nologicat. Filtration of effluent following septic Larks, lagoons, w some other Ieatment process in which lather biodecomposhion is expectsd to
produce dashed oflWants: Hydraulic loading roles on these fillers are compLfad In gpdPac and have a resaMq low gpmrsl (less than Ono);
b) RacircUating biological - the same type of sand filler as defined in Subparagraph (39) (a) of this RLte with the added capability to recycle 9lauent back thrurgh the
sand filter;
(40) Sand or €.lixucl-Wedia Fillers. A polishing process by vwch a[fluont limits are achieved through a hrther reduction of suspended solids;
(a) low role -- gravity, hydraulically loaded fillor with loading rates In the one to throe gprvsf range:
(b) high rile -• a pressure, hydrautical[y loaded filter with loading rates In the five gpnVsl range; At any rate, the loading fate wilt exceed lhyea gprrhrsf;
(41) Secondary CAarifiers. A sank which follows the biological unit of Ieatment plant and which has the purpose of removing sludges associated with the biological
sreatmonl units;
(42) Separate Sludge Reaseatiori. A pert of the contact stabilization process wfvre the activated sludgy Is transferred to a tank and aerated before raturring it 10 the
contact basin;
(43) Septic Tank. A single -story settling lank In which settled sludge Is in contact with the wastewater [laving through the lank; shall rat bo applicable for septic lank
syslomu serving Single larrily residences having capacity Of 2,00o gallcras or lass which discharge to a rilrilication held;
Sludge Digestion. The process by which Organic or volaliie matlec and sludge is gasified. I tioliod, mineralized cX cwyoned into more stable organic matter VrDugh
the activity of living organisms, which includes aerated holding tanks;
(,is) Sludge Drying Beds. M area co"rising natural or artificial layers Or porous materials upon which digested sewage sludge is dried by drainage and evaW..ition;
(56) Sludge ElubrWon. A process of sludge ceryStioring In which certain car*lluonls are remwod by successive weshings with fresh water or ptanl ulIuenl;
(.47) Sludge Gas Utilization. The process of using sewage gas for the purpose of heating buildings, dirtying anginas, etc
(AS) Sludge Holding Tart (Aerated and Nonaerated). A lark utilized for small wastewater trealmrant plants not conuiring a dgoslw'in which sludge may be kept fresh•
and wpecrutant wilWeawn prior to a drying me" {i.e. sludge drying bads}; This may be done by adding a arnali amount of air simply to keep oho sludge fresh, but not
necessarily an'armunt that wound be rroquired to achieve stabll€zalion of orgaric matter. A nonaofaled lank world simply be used to decant sludge prior to duwzlering arid
would not allow long periods {several days of detention) without rosthing odor problems'
(59) Sludge IncinaralwS. A furnace designed to bum sludge and So remwo all noislsre and combustible materials and reduce oho sludge to a Studio ash;
(50) Sludge Stabilization (Chemical or Thermal). A process to make treated sludge lass odorous and putroscib!e, and Le reduce the pathogenic organism content; This may
be done by pH ii4ustment, chorine dosing, or by heat treatment;
(51) Sludge Ttickener. A type of sedimentation tank In which the sludge is PW. iMGd to settle and thicken d-rougM agiLaEon and gravity;
(52) Slabitizslion Lagoon. A type of oxidation lagoon in which biological oxidation of orgaric mailer is effected by nabral transfer of oxygen to the water from zit (not a
polishing pond); -
(53) Slarhd-By Power Supply. On silo or portable eloctdcal gonwating squipmarsf; `
(54) Static Screens. A stationary screen designed to 'remove solids, imlvdng non -biodegradable panicUale (aoalabro solids, Suspended solids and BOD redkrc[ion} from
muhicipal and industial waslewalor treatment sys[ams;
(55) Tertiary Treatment. A stage of treatment lolioving secondary which is primuily for the pixpeso of otiluerrt polisHrg; A settling lagoon or sand or coal after rnghl ba -.
omp:oyod for this purpose; a
(56) Thermal Pollution Control Dovico. ' A device providing for the transfer of,haai horn a huid flawing in Tubes to anothor Auid outside the tubes• or vice versa; or other
meaxns of regulating liquid Iompera Lures- - -
(57) Thermal Sludge Can6iidnor. A condliorsing plo[oss by which heat Is adder: to( a protracted periad of lime to Improve the dewalerabiliy a1 sludge by the stabilizing
and hydraLlii'sng of Iha smaller and more highly hydrated sludge panicles;
(59) Toxic ftatedals. Those wastes or combinations of wastes. Including diseasa•causing aganfs which after dschargo'and upon oxposuro, ingosllon, inhalation or
assiriitalion Into any wgarism, either directly froth the anvironmeriL of indrectly br Ingestion through food Chains, will cause death, disease, behavioral abnormahlies,
cincor, gonolic munitions. physiological malfvnctions (including mallunctions in (eproduction) or physicat-dolormations, In such'w5anlsms or their ollspring}Totic materials
include, by way of illustration and not linitation: lead, codrnum, chromium• mercury, vanadium arsoric, zinc, ortliO•iifro •cNorabenzorie (ONGB}, polychlormaled biphenyls
(PCBs) and dchlorodphenyl tricNoroethme (DDT): and any other matadals that have or. may horoahee be doloirn'ned to have toxic properties; - -
(59) Tricksing FILer, r. Oological iroatmont vrit consisting of A'malarial such :s t,:aan siono or ro&,, over which w•astiowalor is distributed; A'Nglh ;c!a trickling .!tar is ona
wtvclh operalod of bo;.venn 10 and 30 mgd phi acre, A low rate trickling fiflor is mo wkch is dosignod to oporala al om to lour r:gd per acre; '
(C-:t) Trttkiiog Filter (Packod Tovvue). A pttag how typo of operation In which wastewater fio.•s down Iha-igh ur_cussiYu layers of media or kiaalo materiol; Ci9a-1'C material
is rernavod contiriiiall; by tho octivo bidog+cal fixed gro*,ih in'eech successive layer,--Tris method may produce 'secondary- quality elAuonl. or ni:y bo odapl:c fo
prO0.rco a ritriiind srav,nl; _ - .. _. ...
(fit) Vac — Finer. Con;rilugos, or Miter Presses. Do•.i des Mr ch are d•7sighec -, romovo access wa!or Rom oithor dgos[,d o• undlgasnod sludga`p:ior to cssoosal of
luahor &aabnan:. -