WQ0008490_Final Permit_19950531

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
May 31, 1995
Mr. Ray E. Shaw, Jr., Public Utilities Director
City of Greensboro
Post Office Box 3136
Greensboro, NC 27402
Dear Mr. Shaw:
— IWA
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Subject: Permit No. WQ0008490
City of Greensboro
Surface Disposal of Alum Sludge
Guilford County
In accordance with your application received on March 23, 1995, we are forwarding herewith
Permit No. WQ0008490, dated May 31, 1995, to the City of Greensboro for the continued operation of a
sewage sludge unit (disposal landfill) for the purpose of the disposal of alum sludge residuals. As of the
date of this permit approval, the five existing alum sludge lagoons have not been completely empied. This
permit is being reissued for the completion of this task. Once the lagoons are cleaned out and destroyed,
the alum sludge landfill will be properly closed and all additional alum sludge shall be incinerated at the
T.Z. Osbourne Wastewater Treatment Plant. After completion of these tasks, the City of Greensboro shall
request the termination of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until Apirl 30, 2000, shall void Permit No.
WQ0008490 issued December 20, 1993, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified
therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring and reporting requirements contained in this
permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational
information will result in future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of
this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North
Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447,
Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact -Tdff 1 andy Kepler.oat
[phone] ext. 544.
Sincerely,
Crate', z.�?
A. Prest Howard, Jr., P.E.
cc: Guilford County Health Department
Winston-Salem Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Winston-Salem Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Brian Wootton, Groundwater Section, Central Office
Training and Certification Unit
Facilities Assessment Unit
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post -consumer paper

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NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
SURFACE DISPOSAL (Landfill) PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
City of Greensboro
Guilford County
continued operation of sludge disposal facilities consisting of landfilling dried alum sludge from the City
of Greensboro's Lake Townsend Water Treatment Plant to approximately 1.5 acres of land in Guilford
County with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the application received on March
23, 1995 and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently
filed and approved by the Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources and considered a
part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until April 30, 2000, shall void Permit No.
WQ0008490 issued December 20, 1993, and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and
limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. The sewage sludge unit (landfill) shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -
discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this
program.
2. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages
to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.
3. In the event that the sewage sludge unit is not operated satisfactorily, including the creation
of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease disposing of the wastewater residuals to
the sewage sludge unit and take any immediate corrective actions as may be required by the
Division.

4. The following buffer zones shall be maintained:
a. 400 feet from any habitable residence or places of public assembly under separate
ownership for the landfilling of sludge,
b. 100 feet between the active sewage sludge unit and any public or private water supply
source, including any WS-1 waters or Class I or Class II impounded reservoirs and
public or private wells used as a source of drinking water,
c. 50 feet from waters classified as WS-II, WS-III, B, SA, ORW, HQW, or SB [from
normal high water (or tide elevation)],
d. 50 feet between the active sewage sludge unit and property lines,
e. 50 feet between the active sewage sludge unit and public right of ways,
f. 10 feet between the active sewage sludge unit and any interceptor drains or surface
water diversions (upsiope),
f. 25 feet between the active sewage sludge unit and any interceptor drains or surface
water diversions (downslope),
g. 25 feet between the active sewage sludge unit and any groundwater lowering and
surface drainage ditches.
5. A copy of this permit shall be maintained at the sewage sludge site when residuals are being
disposed during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be
maintained in all residuals transport and application vehicles.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facilities and application sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. No residuals other than the following are hereby approved for disposal in the sewage
sludge units in accordance with this permit:
Permit
Source County Number
Lake Townsend WTP Guilford NCO081671
3. Upon classification of the facility by the Certification Commission, the Permittee shall
employ a certified operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of the active sewage sludge
unit. The operator must hold a certificate of the type classification assigned to the sewage
sludge unit by the Certification Commission. The Permittee must also employ a certified
back-up operator of the appropriate type to comply with the conditions of Title 15A NCAC
8A, .0202.
4. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored residuals into any surface waters.
5. An active sewage sludge unit shall not restrict the flow of a base flood.
6 . An active sewage sludge unit shall not be located in an unstable area.
7. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the surface disposal site
during active site use and for the 36-months following closure of the sewage sludge unit.
Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the activities being conducted at
each site.
8. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from
conveying pollutants from the surface disposal site onto the adjacent property or into any
surface waters.
2

9. Residuals shall not be applied to any land application site that is flooded, frozen or snow-
covered.
10. Food crops, feed crops and fiber crops shall not be grown on an active sewage sludge unit,
unless approval has been requested and received from the Division of Environmental
Management.
11. Animals shall not be grazed on an active sewage sludge unit unless approval has been
requested and received from the Division of Environmental Management.
MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue
analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management to insure
protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable sampling and reporting
schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all application activities.
These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following information:
a. source of residuals
b . volume of residuals disposed in gallons/year, dry tons/year, or kilograms/year
3. An annual residual ananlysis and annual Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
(TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee and the results maintained on file by
the Permittee for a minimum of five years. If landfilling occurs at a frequency less than
quarterly, residual analysis will be required for each instance of landfilling
The residual analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to the following
parameters:
% total solids
Magnesium
Chlorides
Sulfate
Phosphorus
Potassium
Lead
Zinc
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Sodium
Calcium
Total Nitrogen
Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen
pH
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters (please note the regulatory level
in mg/L in parentheses):
Arsenic (5.0)
Benzene (0.5)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Chlorobenzene (100.0)
Chromium (5.0)
m-Cresol (200.0)
Cresol (200.0)
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (7.5)
1, 1 -Dichloroethylene (0.7)
Endrin (0.02)
Hexachlorobenzene (0.13)
Hexachloroethane (3.0)
Barium (100.0)
Cadmium (1.0)
Chlordane (0.03)
Chloroform (6.0)
o-Cresol (200.0)
p-Cresol (200.0)
2,4-D (10.0)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
2,4-Dinitrotoiuene (0.13)
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (0.5)
Lead (5.0)

IV
Lindane (0.4)
Methoxychlor (10.0)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
Pyridine (5.0)
Silver (5.0)
Toxaphene (0.5)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (400.0)
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) (1.0)
Mercury (0.2)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)
Pentachlorophenol (100.0)
Selenium (1.0)
Tetrachloroethylene (0.7)
Trichloroethyiene (0.5)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2.0)
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
4. Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in
conditions III 1, 1112, and III 3 shall be submitted annually on or before March 1 of the
following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 29535
Raleigh, NC 27626-0535
5. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Winston-Salem Regional Office, telephone
number 910-896-7007, as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the
next working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of
the following:
a. Any occurrence with the surface disposal program which results in the disposal of
significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the surface disposal program resulting in a release of material to
receiving waters.
c. Any time that self -monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of
compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on
which the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility
incapable of adequate residual treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting residuals to the
disposal site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter
form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline
the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
GROUNDWATER -REQUIREMENTS
1. The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations in
15A NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary is
for the disposal system constructed after December 31, 1983 is established at either (1) 250
feet from the waste disposal area, or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is
closest to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or
beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate remediation action in addition to
the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute 143-215.6A(a)(1).
4

In accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around the
disposal systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the
waste disposal area. Any exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require
remediation action on the part of the Permittee.
2. Any groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the Division, shall be
provided.
V . INSPECTIONS
1. The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and disposal
facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which
may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a
nuisance. The Permittee shall maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the
date and time of inspection, observations made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective
actions taken by the Permittee. This log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee
for a period of five years from the date of the inspection and shall be made available to the
Division of Environmental Management or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of Environmental
Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and inspect any property,
premises or place on or related to the surface disposal site or facility at any reasonable time
for the purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect or copy any
records that must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; and may obtain
samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
V I. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the surface disposal activities are carried out in
accordance with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner
approved by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in
the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the
facilities to change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request
must be submitted to the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an
application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting materials as
may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its merits and may
or may not be approved.
4. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental Management in
accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6(a) to 143-215.6(c).
5. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty
(30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause
the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205
(c)(4).
6. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and
all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government
agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.

7. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the
facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit far such period of time
and under such conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
8. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental Management deems
necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and public health.
9. A set of approved documents for the subject project must be retained by the applicant for
the life of the permit.
Permit issued this the Thirty First day of May, 1995
NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
A. Preston oward, Jr., P.El., Director
Division ofnvironmental Management
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0008490
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I. RATING SCALE FOR CLASSIFICATION OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS
Name of Facility: r v -� �s�-�-Ee, s 1, r c z�A-� /�c.J�� 1 L�1_
Owner or Contact Person: Sk"J
Mailing Address: YO-C 13 C vee" s o 2
County: (Ij ' f Y Telephone: o„) -T 3 0
Present Classification; New Facility Existing Facility
NPDES Per. No NC00 Nondisc. Per. No.W LLLJd � Health Dept.Per No.
Rated by: i rJ J / � Telephone: � f- s/&/-e;O DatO� crsly r
Reviewed by: Health Dept. Telephone:
T Regional Office Telephone:
Central Office
ORC: s Grade:
Check Classification(s): Subsurface Spray Irrigation
Wastewater Classification: (Circle One) 1 it IIl IV
Telephone:
_Telephone:
Land Application
Total Points:
� :: ►1 : /► ! ' � _ 1�! f 11::� �� td�.:►1 . ■ � : ► i►a1.► ::1 s, I► ! � i' D:� 1.� 1a • •
*�r� # � :.a tl :w gal rr'. 1■t i 1:' � i� : L!r. � �1. :ate tr'flF.r.. Rya 71►. �:a � ii1. -►.
t �A 111 li' i.Ra �► .. •lea. :'t . PAT
&LJ ?,Sl RFA0E C LkSSI FICA704
SPRAY IF rIATtON C1A,S FICA71a4
(check all units that apply)
(check all units that apply)
1-septic tanks
1-
preliminary treatment (definition no. 32 )
2. pump tanks
2
lagoons
3-siphon or pump -dosing systems
3.
septic tanks
4. _ _ _ &and users
4.
pump tanks
5. grease IrapAnteroeptor
5.
pumps
S.__ _ _ __oiliwater ceparuiors
fi.,,_,,
sand fidtom
7� _gravity subsurface treatment and disposal:
7.
grease trap/interceptor
8. pressure subsurface treatment and disposal:
8.
oft/water separators
9-disinfection
10-
chemical addhion tot nutrientlalgae control
11.
spray irrigation of wastewater
In addition to the above classifications, pretreatment of wastewater in excess of these components shall
be rated using the point rating system and will require an operator with an appropriate dust certlticatlon.
LAND APPL CATION/RESIDUALS CLAS5IFICATION (Applies only to permit holder)
I. Land application of biosolids, residuals or contaminated soils on a designated site.
WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILr Y CLASSiFICAMN
The following systems shah be assigned a Class I classification, urlels the flow is of a significant quantity or the technology Is unusually
complex, to require consideration by the Commission on a case -by -case basis: (Check If Appropriate)
1. CSiVwater Separator Systems consisting only of physical separation, pumps and disposal;
2 Septic TanktSand Fiher Systems consisting only of septic tanks, dosing apparatus, pumps,sand filters, disinfection
and direct discharge;
3. Lagoon Systems consisting only of preliminary treatment, lagoons, pumps, disinfection, necessary chemical treatment for
algae or nutrient control, and direct discharge;
4. . Cipsed-lncp Recycle Systems;
5. Groundwaler Rem"ation Systems consisting only of otilwater separators, pumps, air -stripping, carbon adsorption, disinfection
and dispo�l;
6. Aquacuiture operations with discharge to surface waters;
7�_ _Water Plant sludge handing and back -wash water trealmerd;
8. Seafood processing consisting of screening and disposal.
O.-Single-family discharging systems, with the exception of Aerobic Treatment Units, will be dassified 11 permitted alter July 1,
1993 or if upon Inspection by the Division, it is found that the system is not being adequatety operated or maintained. Such
systems will be notified of the classification or reclassification by the Commission, In writing.