WQ0001850_Final Permit_19900806

�11
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
512 North Salisbury Street • Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
James G. Martin, Governor George T. Everett, Ph.D.
William W. Cobey, Jr., Secretary Director
August 6, 1990
Mr. Wade Wannamaker, Plant Manager
Goodmark Foods, Inc.
4851 Jones Sausage Road
Garner, N. C. 27529
Subject: Permit No. WQ0001850
Goodmark Foods, Inc.
Sludge Land Application
Wake County
Dear Mr. Wannamaker:
In accordance with your request received on June 12, 1989, we are forwarding herewith
Permit No. WQ0001850, dated August 6, 1990, to Goodmark Foods, Inc. for the continued
operation of the subject sludge land application activities.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until December 31, 1991, shall void
Permit No. 9918R, which was issued on January 31, 1986, and shall be subject to the conditions
and limitations as specified therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring requirements
in this permit. Failure to establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required
operational information will result in future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable to you,
you have the right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days
following receipt of this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming
to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative
Hearings, P.O. Box 11666, Raleigh, NC 27604. Unless such demands are made, this permit
shall be final and binding.
Pollution Prevention Pays
P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer

If you need additional information concerning this matter. please contact Mr. Randy Jones
at 919/ 733-5083.
Since ely,
George T.
CC'. Wake County Health Department
Wake County Dept. of Environmental Health
Colonial Engineering, Inc. (PO Box 97005, Raleigh, NC 27624)
Raleigh Regional Office
Groundwater Section
Training and Certification

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH, AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
SLUDGE LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North
Carolina as amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Goodmark Foods, Inc.
Wake County
FOR THE
continued operation of a sludge land application program consisting of the land application of
approximately 1.0 millon gallons per year of stabilized sludge, by spray irrigation, from the
Goodmark Foods, Inc. Wastewater Treatment Facilities to approximately 5.25 acres of land
which are owned by Goodmark Foals, Inc. with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters,
pursuant to the application received June 12, 1989, and in conformity with the project plan,
specifications, and other supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department of
Environment, Health, and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until December 31, 1991, shall void
Permit No. 9918R, which was issued on January 31, 1986, and shall be subject to the following
specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARD
1. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately assimilate the wastes
and may be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner
which will protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and
ground waters.
2. The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a
non -discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the
operation of this program.
3. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for
damages to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.
4. In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including
the creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying sludge to the
sites and take any immediate corrective actions, including the construction of
additional or replacement wastewater treatment or disposal facilities.

5. No crops for direct human consumption shall be raised on these sites for a period
of 18 months following sludge application.
6. Maximum slope for sludge application shall be 10% for surface application and
18% for subsurface applications.
7. The following buffers zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences under separate ownership for surface
application method, however the buffer zone requirement may be reduced
to a minimum of 100 feet upon written consent of the residence owner,
b) 200 feet from residences under separate ownership for injection method,
however the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a minimum of 100
feet upon written consent of the residence owner,
c) 100 feet from "SA and SB" classified waters and public surface water
supplies for both methods,
d) 50 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes,
rivers, and surface water drainage ways for injection method,
e) 100 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes,
rivers and surface water drainage ways for surface application
method,
f) 100 feet from property lines for both methods,
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for surface application methods,
h) 25 feet from public right of ways for subsurface disposal methods,
i) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for
both methods,
j) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions,
groundwater drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both
methods.
8. A copy of this permit shall be kept at the land application site when sludge is being
applied during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be kept
in all sludge transport and application vehicles.
9. All sludges included in this permit must be stabilized by a process to significantly
reduce pathogens (as described in 40 CFR Part 257, Appendix 11) prior to
application or incorporation. An evaluation of all sludges specified in condition
II 4 must be conducted to determine their ability to comply with this
requirement. A copy of this report must be submitted to the Assistant Chief for
Operations, Division of Environmental Management, Water Quality Section,
Operations Branch, PO Box 27687, Raleigh, NC 27611-7687, within six (6)
months of the permit issue date.
10. Specific sludge application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior
to and during sludge application.
11. No sludge shall be stored at any application site without specific approval from the
Division of Environmental Management.
2

II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
0
Source
The facilities and disposal sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all
times.
A suitable vegetative cover as listed in condition H 3, shall be maintained in
accordance with the crop management plan approved by this Division.
The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
Crops PAN flbs&cre/year)
Fescue grass 250
No sludges other than the following are hereby approved for land application in
accordance with this permit:
Coun1y Permit No. Estimated Volume (gallons6Ku)
Goodmark Foods, Inc. Wake NC0001775
1,000,000
5. The lifetime heavy metal loadings shall not exceed the following for the
corresponding Cation Exchange Capacities (CEC):
Parameter CEC < I CEC 5-15 CEC > 1
Lead (lbs/acre)
500
1000
2000
Zinc Obs/acre)
250
500
1000
Copper (lbs/acre)
125
250
500
Nickel (lbs/acre)
125
250
500
Cadmium (lbs/acre)
4.5
9
18
6. The Permittee shall employ a certified wastewater treatment plant operator to be in
responsible charge of the land application operation. The operator must hold a
certificate of the grade at least equivalent to the classification assigned to the
Iand application program by the Certification Commission.
7. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored sludge material into any surface waters.
8. Animals shall not be grazed on sludge applied land within a 30-day period
following the sludge application. Application sites that are to be used for grazing
shall have fencing that will be used to prevent access after each application.
9. Surface applied sludge will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours
after application on lands with no cover crop established.
10. For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100-year flood elevation, sludge
may be applied only during periods of dry weather. The sludge must be
incorporated into the soil within twenty-four (24) hours of application.
3

11. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application
sites during active site use and for the 12-month period following the last sludge
application event. Such controls may include the posting of signs indicating the
acuviues being conducted at each site.
12. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff
from conveying pollutants from the sludge application area onto the adjacent
property or into the surface waters.
13. Sludge shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a
rainfall event of 1/2-inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency sludge disposal
measures must first be approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
14. The site shall be adequately Tuned to a soil pH of at least 6.5 prior to sludge
application. Sludge may be applied to sites with a pH of less than 6.5 provided a
sufficient amount of lime is also applied to achieve a final pH of the Hume, sludge and
soil mixture of at least 6.5.
1 u • ►IM • 31► : elf I ' • I 1► : • 11: ►ul 1 11
1. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, sludge, soil, or plant
tissue analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management
to insure protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable
sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed. If monitoring data indicates
minimal or no concern to the Division, reduction of monitoring requirements may be
pursued after two annual reporting periods.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all disposal activities.
These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following
information:
a) source of sludge
b) date of sludge application
c) location of sludge application (site, field, or zone #)
d) method of application
e) weather conditions
f) soil conditions
g) type of crop or crop to be grown on field
h) volume of sludge applied in gallons/acre and dry tons/acre
i) annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of sludge, annual and
cumulative pounds/acre of each heavy metal (which shall include, but not
be limited to lead,nickel, cadmium, copper and zinc), annual pounds/acre
of plant available nitrogen (PAN), and annual pounds/acre of
phosphorus applied to each field.
112

3. A representative annual soils analysis shall be conducted -," each site receiving
sludge in the respective calendar year and the results maintained on file by the
Permittee for a minimum of five years. The soils analysis shall include but is not
necessarily limited to the following parameters:
Standard Soil Fertility Test Manganese
% Base Saturation
Cation Exchange Capacity
Phosphorus
Sodium
Potassium
Nickel
Lead
Cadmium
Zinc
Copper
Magnesium
Calcium
PH
4. A quarterly sludge analysis and an annual EP Toxicity analysis shall be conducted by
the Permittee and the results maintained on file by the Permittee for a
minimum of five years. If land application occurs at a frequency
less than quarterly, sludge analysis will be required for each instance of land
application. The sludge analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to the
following parameters:
% total solids
Magnesium
Chlorides
Sulfate
Phosphorus
Potassium
Lead
Zinc
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Sodium
Calcium
Total Nitrogen
Ammonia Nitrogen
Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen
pH -
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
The EP Toxicity analysis shall include the following parameters:
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Silver
Endrin
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Toxaphene
2,4-D
2,4,5 -TP Silvex
* The flash point of the sludge shall be evaluated at the same time that the EP
Toxicity Analysis is performed and shall be provided along with the EP Toxicity
results.
5. Three copies of all monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in conditions
III 1, III 2, III 3 and III 4 shall be submitted annually on or before March 1 of
the following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 27687
Raleigh, NC 27611-7687
5

6. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Raleigh, Regional Office
telephone no. 919/733-2314, as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours
or on the next working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the
occurrence of any of the following:
a. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the
land application of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in
quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a release of
sludge material to receiving waters.
C. Any time that self -monitoring information indicates that the facility has
gone out of compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit
or the parameters on which the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render
the facility incapable of adequate sludge treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting
sludge to the application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in
letter form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report
must outline the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem
does not recur.
11 �4U91•1luilWl. P
1. Any groundwater quality monitoring as deemed necessary by the Division of
Environmental Management shall be provided.
2. No land application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high
water table is less than three feet below land surface.
3. Within ninety days of permit issuance, one borehole should be advanced in the
vicinity of existing monitor well MW-3 , to a depth of fifty feet. If no groundwater is
encountered during the drilling of the borehole, the borehole shall be allowed to
remain open for a period of 48 hours. Precautions should be taken to prevent the
borehole from collapsing during this period. If at the end of 48 hours the borehole is
still dry, the borehole shall be abandoned in accordance with the procedures outlined
in 15 NCAC 2C .0100 (Well Construction Standards). If groundwater is
encountered during drilling of the borehole, or is found in the borehole at the end of
the 48 hour period, a monitor well shall be constructed with the screened interval
extending at least ten feet below the top of the water table. Deepening of the
borehole may be required to obtain this ten foot minimum screened interval. The
location and construction details for the monitor well shall be approved by the
Raleigh Regional Office, from which a well construction permit must be obtained.
A

4. In the event that a new monitoring well is constructed, as per condition No. IV.3
above, the monitor well shall be sampled immediately following well construction
and development, for the following parameters:
Nitrate
Total Coliform
Ammonia Nitrogen
Chloride
Total Dissolved Solids
Sulfate
Total Organic Carbon
pH
Sodium
Water Level
Zinc
The measurement of water level must be made prior -to sampling for the remaining
parameters.
If TOC concentrations greater than 10 mg/l are detected in any downgradient
monitoring well, additional sampling and analysis must be conducted to identify the
individual constituents comprising this TOC concentration. If the TOC concentration
as measured in the background monitor well exceeds 10 mg/l, this concentration will
be taken to represent the naturally occurring TOC concentration. Any exceedances
of this naturally occurring TOC concentration in the downgradient wells shall be
subject to the additional sampling and analysis as described above.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the N.C. Division of
Environmental Management on Form GW-59 (Compliance Monitoring Report
Form) within thirty days of sample collection. The borehole geologic log and well
construction summary should be submitted along with the analytical results. Based
on a review of this data, a determination will be made as to the necessity for
continued groundwater monitoring.
5. Within ninety days of permit issuance, the three existing monitoring wells shall be
abandoned in accordance with the procedures outlined in 15 NCAC 2C .0100 (Well
Construction Standards).
The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the sludge storage, transport, and
disposal facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and
discharges which may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a
threat to human health, or a nuisance_ The Permittee shall keep an inspection log
or summary including at least the date and time of inspection, observations made,
and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This
log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of three years
from the date of the inspection and shall be made available upon request by the
Division of Environmental Management or other permitting authority.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of
Environmental Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and
inspect any property, premises or place on or related to the disposal site and
facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this
permit; may inspect or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and
conditions of this permit; or may obtain samples of groundwater, surface water,
or leachate.
7

VI. GENERAL CONDM- ONS
This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried
out in accordance with the conditions of this permit and in the manner approved
by this Division.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes
described in the application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not transferable. In the event there is a desire for the facilities to
change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must
be submitted to the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an
application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting
materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered
on its merits and may or may not be approved.
4. Prior to any transfer of this land, a notice shall be given to the new owner that
gives full details of the materials applied or incorporated at this site.
5. The following are approved sites for sludge application (see attached map):
QYMff _ ssee Application Area (excluding blZff. M)
[acres]
Goodmark Foods, Inc. 5.25
6. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may
subject the Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental
Management in accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6.
7. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within
thirty (30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee
accordingly may cause the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as
specified by 15 NCAC 211.0205 (c) (4).
8. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with
any and all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by
other government agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
9. A set of approved documents for the subject project must be retained by the applicant
for the life of the permit.
10. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall
request its extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review
the adequacy of the facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the
permit for such period of time and under such conditions and limitations as it may
deem appropriate.
11. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental Management
deems necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and public health.
91

Derrnit issued this the 6th day of August, 1990.
CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
-- eorge T. Everett, irect V
Division of Environm agement
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit No. WQ0001850
9

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