WQ0001618_Final Permit_19990415

P'{ate of North Carolina
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Wayne McDevitt, Secretary
Kerr T. Stevens, Director
April 15, 1999
Mr. Shuford Wise, Superintendent
Water and Wastewater Department
Town of Granite Falls
Post Office Drawer 10
Granite Falls, North Carolina 28630
4 •
NCDENR
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Subject: Permit No. WQ0001618
Town of Granite Falls
Class B Land Application of Wastewater Residuals
Caldwell County
Dear Mr. Wise:
In accordance with your application received on October 1, 1998, we are forwarding herewith Permit No.
WQ0001618, dated April 15, 1999, to the Town of Granite Falls for the continued operation of a wastewater
residuals land application program. This permit has been modified to drop Fields 02-07 (60.0 acres) and 05-01
(40.0 acres) and to add Fields 11-01 through 11-05 (32.6 acres).
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until March 31, 2004, shall void Permit No.
WQ0001618 issued September 29, 1995, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein.
Please pay particular attention to the monitoring and reporting requirements contained in this permit. Failure to
establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational information will result in
future compliance problems.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the right to
request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of this permit. This
request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of North Carolina General Statutes,
and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Drawer 27447, Raleigh, NC 27611-7447. Unless such
demands are made this permit shall be final and binding.
If you need additional information concerning this matter, ase contact Ms. Joni Cardin at (919) 733-
5083 extension 509.
Sine y,
r
err T. Stevens
cc: Caldwell County Health Department
Robert L. Taylor, III - Bio-Nomic Services, Inc.
Asheville Regional Office, Water Quality Section
Asheville Regional Office, Groundwater Section
Bob Cheek, Groundwater Section, Central Office
Technical Assistance and Certification Unit
Non -Discharge Compliance/Enforcement Unit
PO Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer
Telephone [phone] Fax [phone]
50% recycled/10% post -consumer paper

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
RESIDUALS LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as amended, and
other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO THE
Town of Granite Falls
Caldwell County
FOR THE
continued operation of a wastewater residuals land application program consisting of the application of 85 dry tons
per year of residuals from the Town of Granite Fall's wastewater treatment plant, to approximately 222.3 acres of
land in Caldwell County with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the application received on
October 1, 1998 and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other supporting data subsequently
filed and approved by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until March 31, 2004, shall void Permit No_
WQ0001618 issued September 29, 1995, and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and limitations:
I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. The Asheville Regional Office, telephone number [phone], and the appropriate local
governmental official (county manager/city manager) shall be notified at least twenty-four (24) hours
prior to the initial application of the residuals to a site so that an inspection can be made of the application
sites and application method. Such notification to the regional supervisor shall be made during the
normal office hours from 8:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. on Monday through Friday, excluding State Holidays.
In addition, the Caldwell County Manager's office must be notified prior to the initial application so that
they will be aware that the operation has commenced.
2. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately assimilate the wastes and may be
rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner which will protect the assigned water
quality standards of the surface waters and ground waters.
3. The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as anon -discharge system to
prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the operation of this program.
4. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to surface or
groundwaters resulting from the operation of this program.

5. In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including the creation of
nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying residuals to the sites and take any immediate
corrective actions as may be required by the Division of Water Quality (Division).
6. Some of the buffers specified below may not have been included in previous permits for this land
application operation. However, any sites or fields that are included in this permit, but were approved
with different applicable buffers shall be reflagged to comply with the below buffers. The following
buffer zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for surface
application method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a minimum of 100 feet
upon written consent of the owner and approval from the appropriate regional office,
b) 200 feet from residences or places of public assembly under separate ownership for subsurface
residual injection method; however, the buffer zone requirement may be reduced to a minimum of
100 feet upon written consent of the owner and the appropriate regional office,
c) 100 feet from any public or private water supply source, waters classified as SA or SB, and any Class
I or Class 11 impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water for both methods,
d) 100 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or coastal waters and
any other Iake or impoundment for surface application,
e) 50 feet from any streams classified as WS or B, any other stream, canal, marsh or coastal waters and
any other lake or impoundment for subsurface application,
f) 50 feet from property lines for both surface and subsurface application methods;
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for both application methods,
h) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both application methods,
i) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions, groundwater drainage systems
and surface drainage ditches for both application methods.
7. A copy of this permit shall be maintained at the land application site when residuals are being applied
during the life of this permit. A spill prevention and control plan shall be maintained in allresiduals
transport and application vehicles.
8. Specific residual application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior to and during
application.
9. No residuals at any time shall be stored at any application site, unless approval has been requested and
obtained from the Division.
10. Maximum slope for residual application shall be 10% for surface application and 18% for subsurface
applications.
11. When wastewater residuals are applied, the Class A pathogen requirements and site restrictions in 40
CFR Part 503.32(a) or the Class B pathogen requirements and site restrictions in 40 CFR Part 503.32(b),
and one of vector attraction reduction requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.33 shall be met. Additionally, an
evaluation must be performed which demonstrates the residuals ability to comply with this requirement.
Upon request, a copy of this evaluation must be submitted including all test results and calculations.
H. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
1. The facilities and application sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover, as listed in Condition 11 4, shall be maintained in accordance with the crop
management plan outlined by the local Extension Office, the Department of Agriculture, the Natural
Resource Conservation Service, or other agronomist, and approved by this Division.
2

3. An acceptable pH must be maintained in the soil, residual and lime mixture, greater than 6.0, on all land
application sites.
4. The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
Crop PA Njtb./acre/yr.)
41
Crop PAN
(lb./acre/yr.)
Alfalfa
200
Forest (Hardwood & Softwood)
75
Bermuda Grass (Hay, Pasture)
220
Milo
100
Blue Grass
120
Small Grain (Wheat, barley, oats)
100
Corn (Grain)
160
Sorghum, Sudex (Pasture)
180
Corn (Silage)
200
Sorghum, Sudex (Silage)
220
Cotton
70
Soybeans
200
Fescue
250
Timothy, Orchard, & Rye Grass
200
If the approved land application sites are to be double cropped (i.e., a crop in the spring and a second
crop in the fall, with BOTH crops to receive wastewater residuals), then the second crop shall receive
an application of nutrients at a rate of no greater than 50 lbs/acre/yr. This practice will be allowed as
long as the second crop is to be harvested. If the second crop is to be planted for erosion control only,
and is to be tilled into the soil, then no wastewater residuals shall be applied to these fields because the
nitrogen will essentially be returned to the soil.
5. No residuals other than the following are hereby approved for land application in accordance with this
permit:
Permit Volume
Source Coun Number (dry tons/ ear
Town of Granite Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant Caldwell NC0021890 85
6. The metal loading rates shall not exceed the following Cumulative Pollutant loading rates:
Kilograms Pounds
Parameters per Hectare per Acre
Arsenic
41
36
Cadmium
39
34
Copper
1,500
1,338
Lead
300
267
Mercury
17
15
Molybdenum
----
----
Nickel
420
374
Selenium
100
89
Zinc
2,800
2,498
7. The pollutant concentrations in the residuals which will be applied to the land shall not exceed the
following Ceiling Concentrations (Dry Weight Basis):
Parameters mg/kg
Arsenic
75
Cadmium
85
Copper
4,300
Lead
840
Mercury
57
Molybdenum
75
Nickel
420
Selenium
100
Zinc
7,500
3

Upon classification of the facility by the Water Pollution Control System Operators Certification
Commission (WPCSOCC), the Permittee shall employ a certified land application/residuals operator to
be in responsible charge (ORC) of the land application program. The operator must hold a certificate of
the type classification assigned to the land application program by the WPCSOCC. The Permittee must
also employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type to comply with the conditions of 15A
NCAC 8A.0202.
9. Adequate procedures shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any disposed or stored
residuals into any surface waters.
10. Surface applied residuals will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours after application on
lands with no cover crop established.
11. For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100 -year flood elevation, residuals may be applied only
during periods of dry weather. The residuals must be incorporated into the soil within twenty-four (24)
hours after application.
12. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application sites during active
site use and for the 12 -month period following the last residual application event. Such controls may
include the posting of signs indicating the activities being conducted at each site.
13. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff from conveying pollutants
from the residuals application area onto the adjacent property or into any surface waters.
14. Residuals shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a rainfall event of 1/2 -
inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency residuals disposal measures must first be approved by the
Division.
15. Residuals shall not be applied to any land application site that is flooded, frozen or snow-covered.
16. Residuals shall not be applied at rates greater than agronomic rates, unless authorized by the Division.
17. Animals shall not be grazed on an application site for 30 days after residuals application. Application
sites that are to be used for grazing shall have fencing that will be used to prevent access after each
application.
18. Food crops, feed crops and fiber crops that do not come in contact with the residuals shall not be
harvested for 30 days after residuals application.
19. Food crops with harvested parts that touch the residual/soil mixture and are totally above the land surface
(ex. tobacco, melons, cucumbers, squash, etc.) shall not be harvested for 14 months after residuals
application.
20. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land (root crops such as potatoes, carrots,
radishes, etc.) shall not be harvested for 20 months after application of residuals when the residuals
remain on the land surface for four (4) months or longer prior to incorporation into the soil.
21. Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land shall not be harvested for 38 months after
application of residuals when the residuals remain on the land surface for less than four (4) months prior
to incorporation into the soil.
22. Turf shall not be harvested for 1 year after residuals application if the turf is to be placed on land with a
high potential for public exposure.
4

III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REOUIREMENTS
1. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, residuals, soil, or plant tissue analyses) deemed
necessary by the Division to insure protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable
sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all application activities. These records
shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following information:
a. source of residuals
b. date of residual application
c. location of residual application (site, field, or zone #)
d. method of application
e. weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, raining, etc.)
f. soil conditions
g. type of crop or crops to be grown on field
h. volume of residuals applied in gallons/acre, dry tons/acre or kilograms/hectare
i. annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/acre of residuals, annual and cumulative pounds/acre of
each heavy metal (which shall include, but not be limited to arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead,
mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium and zinc), annual pounds/acre of plant available nitrogen
(PAN), and annual pounds/acre of phosphorus applied to each field.
3. A representative annual soils analysis (Standard Soil Fertility Analysis) shall be conducted on each site
receiving residuals in the respective calendar year and the results maintained on file by the Permittee for
a minimum of five years.
The Standard Soil Fertility Analysis shall include, but is not necessarily limited to, the following
parameters:
Acidity Manganese Potassium
Calcium Percent Humic Matter Sodium
Copper pH Zinc
Magnesium Phosphorus Base Saturation (by calculation)
Cation Exchange Capacity
4. A residuals analysis will be conducted annually from the date of permit issuance by the Permittee and the
results maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years. If land application occurs at a
frequency less than annually, a residuals analysis will be required for each instance of land application.
The residuals analysis shall include but is not necessarily limited to the following parameters:
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Selenium
Zinc
Aluminum
Ammonia -Nitrogen
Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen
% Total Solids
pH
Phosphorus
Potassium
TKN
Plant Available Nitrogen
(by calculation)

A Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee
annually. The TCLP analysis shall include the following parameters (please note the regulatory level in
mg/L in parentheses):
Arsenic (5.0)
Barium (100.0)
Benzene (0.5)
Cadmium (I.0)
Carbon tetrachloride (0.5)
Chlordane (0.03)
Chlorobenzene (100.0)
Chloroform (6.0)
Chromium (5.0)
o -Cresol (200.0)
m -Cresol (200.0)
p -Cresol (200.0)
Cresol (200.0)
2,4-D (10.0)
1,4 -Dichlorobenzene (7.5)
1,2-Dichloroethane (0.5)
1,1-Dichloroethylene (0.7)
2,4-Dinitrotoluene (0.13)
Endrin (0.02)
Heptachlor (and its hydroxide) (0.008)
Hexachlorobenzene (0.13)
Hexachloro-l,3-butadiene(0.5)
Hexachloroethane(3.0)
Lead (5.0)
Lindane (0.4)
Mercury (0.2)
Methoxychlor (10.0)
Methyl ethyl ketone (200.0)
Nitrobenzene (2.0)
Pentachlorophenol (100.0)
Pyridine (5.0)
Selenium (1.0)
Silver (5.0)
Tetrachloroethylene (0.7)
Toxaphene (0.5)
Trichloroethylene (0.5)
2,4,5 -Trichlorophenol (400.0)
2,4,6 -Trichlorophenol (2.0)
2,4,5 -TP (Silvex) (1.0)
Vinyl chloride (0.2)
6. All residuals included in this permit must (ie monitored annually, from the date of permit issuance, for
compliance with Condition I I 1 of this permit. Data to verify stabilization and vector attraction reduction
of the residuals must be maintained by the Permittee. The required data is specific to the stabilization
process utilized, but should be sufficient to clearly demonstrate compliance the Class A pathogen
requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.32(a) or with the Class B pathogen requirements and site restrictions in
40 CFR Part 503.32(b), and one of vector attraction reduction requirements in 40 CFR Part 503.33. In
addition, the EPA certification statements concerning compliance with pathogen requirements, vector
attraction reduction requirements and management practices must be completed annually by the proper
authority or authorities if more than one is involved, either the person who prepares the residuals, the
person who derives the material, or the person who applies the residuals.
7. Three copies of all required monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in Conditions III 1, 111 2,
111 3. 1114, 111 5 and III 6 shall be submitted annually on or before March I of the following year to the
following address:
NC Division of Water Quality
Water Quality Section
Non -Discharge Compliance/Enforcement Unit
Post Office Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
8. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Asheville Regional Office, telephone number (828) 251-
6208, as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next working day following the
occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the following:
a. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the land application of
significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a release of material to receiving waters.
c. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility has gone out of compliance
with the conditions and limitations of this permit or the parameters on which the system was
designed.
6

d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render the facility incapable of
adequate residual treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting residuals to the application
site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter form within
five (5) days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline the actions taken or
proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations in 15A NCAC
2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary is for the disposal system
constructed after December 31, 1983 is established at either (1) 250 feet from the waste disposal area,
or (2) 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is closest to the waste disposal area. An
exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to
immediate remediation action in addition to the penalty provisions applicable under General Statute
143-215.6A(a)(1).
In accordance with 15A NCAC 2L, a REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around the disposal
systems midway between the Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the waste disposal area. Any
exceedance of standards at the Review Boundary shall require remediation action on the part of the
permittee.
2. Any groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the Division, shall be provided.
3. No Iand application of waste activities shall be undertaken when the seasonal high water table is less
than three feet below land surface.
V. INSPECTIONS
The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the residuals storage, transport, and application facilities to
prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which may cause or lead to the
release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall
maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the date and time of inspection, observations
made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This log of
inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of five years from the date of the
inspection and shall be made available to the Division or other permitting authority, upon request.
2. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division may, upon presentation of
credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises or place on or related to the application site or
facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this permit; may inspect
or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit; and may obtain
samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried out in accordance
with the conditions of this permit, the supporting materials, and in the manner approved by this
Division.

2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in the
application and other supporting data.
3. This permit is not automatically transferable. In the event that there is a desire for the facilities to
change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must be submitted to the
Division accompanied by an application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other
supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered on its
merits and may or may not be approved.
4. The following are approved sites for residuals application (see attached map[s]):
Application Area [acres]
Site No. Owner/Lessee (excludine buffers)
CaldwellCounty
01-011,
Rick L. Bumgarner
40.0
03-02"
Ray C. Starnes
50.0
04-01
Eddie E. Anderson
20.0
06-01
Ronald Satterwhite
10.0
08-01
B.A. Brooks
17.2
09-01
Joseph B. Bowman
17.1
09-02
Joseph B. Bowman
10.9
09-03
Joseph B. Bowman
10.0
10-01
Gene Carpenter
14.5
11-01
Danny Bowman
7.5
11-02
Danny Bowman
8.7
11-03
Danny Bowman
3.8
11-04
Danny Bowman
4.2
11-05
Danny Bowman
8.4
TOTAL ACRES 1N COUNTY 222.3
TOTAL AVAILABLE ACRES 222.3
Application is restricted to a point beginning 50 feet west of the wet area/drainage way paralleling
SR 1751.
b Application is restricted to areas outside the steeply sloped gully.
5. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the Permittee to
an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6A
to 143-215.6C.
6. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty (30) days
after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause the Division to initiate
action to revoke this permit as specified by 15 NCAC 2H .0205 (c) (4). .
7. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and all statutes,
rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by other government agencies (local, state, and
federal) which have jurisdiction.
8

8. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its extension.
Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the facilities described
therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time and under such conditions and
Iimitations as it may deem appropriate.
9. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions, limitations and
monitoring requirements the Division deems necessary in order to adequately protect the environment
and public health.
10. This permit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee and the
landowners/lessees are in full force and effect. The land owner agreements are considered expired
concurrent with the expiration date of the permit and must be renewed at the same time the permit is
renewed.
Permit issued this th fifteenth day of April, 1999
NORTH OLINA E O NTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
4 -Kerr T. Stevens, Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0001618
9

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LOCATION MAP
FARM: CAFIELDS: /D

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(orange)
Buffer Area
(red)
Soil boring
(yellow)
Field Border
(yellow)
0 Field Number
(yellow)
Water (stream/pond)
(blue)

RATING SCALE FOR CLASSIFICATION OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS l
Name of Facility: v N f�l,- (f''qETA ,46Gs Z -ANO 14,4
Owner or Contact Person: ` J `l
Mailing Address, /P4 2i4e4lf� iv. G,o ,ILL 6'4GG5 AIC'"
County: Telephone: ;/if__
Present Classification: New Facility Existing Facility JC
NPDES Per. No. NC00 Nondisc. Per. No.WO 0 d01&, 1 Health Dept.Per No.
Rated by: Telephone.&A /-(oZc Date: 16 -01 -YT
Reviewed by: Health Dept. Telephone:
Regional Office Telephone: azg-Z5/-I.&c
Central Office Telephone:
ORC: Grade:
Check Classification (s): Subsurface Spray Irrigation
Wastewater Classification: (Circle One) 1 11 III IV
_Telephone:
X Land Application
Total -.
'r :al `3tie. WINDSw 1 �,►IIC� �. u�►1 �L.Er :► ♦Ilr :! �. ►� 1'. ialy� 11� fir: ►r
r�Jti i ! ! l he =►1 raw 1■ i C X—A y11111.1i
:�� .ice /1t a/1`w 1�► ► "�- i�J �C��u :� 8. ��
SUBSURFACE AT"
(check all units that apply)
1. septic tanks
2. pump tanks
3. siphon or pump -dosing systems
4. sand filters
S. grease trapfinterceptor
6. oillwater separators
7. gravity subsurface treatment and disposal:
8. pressure subsurface treatment and disposal:
SPRAY IRRIGATION CLASS1FICATK,)1
(check all units that apply)
1,
preliminary treatment (definition no. 32 }
2.
lagoons
3.
septic tanks
4.
pump tanks
5.
pumps
6.
sand filters
7.
grease trapintereeptor
8.
oillwater separators
9.
disinfection
1p,
chemical addition for nutrientlalgae control
11.
spray irrigation of wastewater
In addition to the above classifications, pretreatment of wastewater in excess of these components shell
be rated using the point rating system and will require an operator with an appropriate dual certification.
LAND APPLICATION/RESIDUALS CLASSIFICATION (Applies only to permit holder)
1. _Land application of biosolids, residuals or contaminated soils on a designated site.
WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY CLASSIFICATION
The following systems shall be assigned a Class 1 classification, UnIgss the flow is of a significant quantity or the technology is unusually
complex, to require consideration by the Commission on a case-by-case basis: (Check if Appropriate)
1. Oil/water Separator Systems consisting only of physical separation, pumps and disposal;
2. Septic Tank/Sand Fitter Systems consisting only of septic tanks, dosing apparatus, pumps,sand filters, disinfection
and direct discharge;
3. Lagoon Systems consisting only of preliminary treatment, lagoons, pumps, disinfection, necessary chemical treatment for
algae or nutrient control, and direct discharge;
4. Closed-loop Recycle Systems;
5. Groundwater Remediation Systems consisting only of oil/water separators, pumps, air -stripping, carbon adsorption, disinfection
and disp=J;
6. Aquacufture operations with discharge to surface waters;
7. Water Plant sludge handling and back -wash water treatment;
a. Seafood processing consisting of screening and disposal.
9. Single-family discharging systems, with the exception of Aerobic Treatment Units, will be classified if permitted after July 1,
1993 or if upon inspection by the Division, it is found that the system is not being adequately operated or maintained. Such
systems will be notified of the classification or reclassification by the Commission, in writing.

The following scale is used for rating wastewater treatment facilities: (circle appropriate pontis)
ITEM POINTS
(1) Industrial Pretreatment Units or Industrial Pretreatment Program (see deflnhion No. 33) ...................................................4
(2) DESIGN FLOW OF PLANT IN gpd [rot appiicaNe to non -contaminated cooling water:, sludge handling facilities for
water purification plants, totally closed cycle systems(ses definition No. 11), and facilities consisting only of hem
(4)(d) or hems (4)(d) and (11)(d))
0 - 20.000...................................................---................................................................................_.........1
20,001 - 60,000.....................................................................................................................................2
50.001 - 100.000....................................................................................................................................3
100,001 - 250.000.................................................................................................................................4
250,001 - 500,000..............................................................................................................................5
500,001 - 1,000.000 .. ..................... .......... .,....... .... .................................. ........................ .............. .6
1.000.001 - 2,000,000...........................................................................................................................10
2,000.001 (and up) rate 1 point additional for each 200.000 gpd capaehy Lip to a mauimum of ...... 30
Design Flow (gpd)
(3) PRELIMINARY
UNITSIPROCESSES (see definition No.32)
(a)
Bar Screens...............................................................................................................................................1
or
(b)
Mechanical Screens, Static Screens or Comminuting Devices......................„..................................„..............2
(c)
Grit Removal..................................................--....................._...............__.....................».-.......................1
or
(d)
Mechanical or Aerated GO Removal....................................................«.......»..................................„.........2
(e)
Flow Measuring Devine................................................................................................................................1
or
(I)
Instrumented Flow Measurement................................................................................................................2
(g)
Preaeratlon...............................................................................................................................................2
(h)
Influent Flaw Equalization..........................................................................................................................2
(€)
Grease or Oil Separators - Gravity ....... ... ................ ..... ................... .......... .......... ..................... ................ 2
Mechanical.......................................... ..................... ................................. ............................................... 3
Dissolved Air Flotation . .................................. .............. ... ........................................................................... fS
{ l 1
PrechlortnatIon............................................................................................. ..... ................................... 5
(4) PRIMARY TREATMEN7 LNiTS'PPOC ESSES
(a)
Septic Tank (see definition No. 43)............................................................................................................2
(b)
Imhoff Tank..............................................................................................................................................5
(c)
Primary Clarfflers............................................ __.............. ................... .........................................................
(d)
Settling Ponds or Settling Tanks for Inorganic Non-toxic Materials (sludge handling facilities for water
purification plants, sand, gravel, stone, and other mining operations except recreational activ4les such as gem
orgold mining)....................................................... ,................................................................................ 2
(5) SE MDARY TREATMENT L INI'rWROCESSE5
(a)
Carbonaceous Stage
(1) Aeration -High Purity Oxygen system..............................................................................20
Diffused Air System.......................................................................................................1 0
Mechanical Air System (fixed, floating or rotor) .......... ................ ................... .... ..............
Separate Sludge Reiteration............................................................................................3
(11) Trlddhg Filter
HighRate................»...._............._._..........._......................................----_....._............7
StandardRate...........................................................................,............._._.........._._.....5
PackedTower.................................................................................................................5
(Ill) Biological Aerated Filter or Aerated Biological Filler.................................„...............10
(Iv) Aerated Lagoons..........................................................................................................10
(v) Rotating Biological CorAaclors...................................................................._................10
(VI) Sand Fitters -intermittent biologloaL.................................................................................2
Recirculatingbiological.....................................................................................................3
(VII) Stabilization Lagoons ........... _.......................................................................................5
(viii) Clarifier..........................................................................................................................5
(Ix) Single stage system for combined carbonaceous removal of BOD and nitrogenous removal by
nitrification (see deflnhion No. 12)(Points for this hem have to be in addition to hems
(5)(a)(I) through (5)(a)(viil),
utilizing the extended aeration process (see deflnhlon No.3a)...........................................2
utilizing other than the extended aeration process............................................................ a
(x) Nutrient additions to enhance BOD removal.......................................».............................5
(XI) Biological Culture (*Super Bugs')addhion........................... ....................................... _...5
(b)
Nitrogenous Stage
(1) Aeration - High Purity Oxygen System .................... ............. ....... .......... ....„...... ......... 20
D€flused Air System.......................................................................................................1 O
Mechanical Air System (fixed, floating or rotor).................................................................8
Separate Sludge Reaeration............................................................................................3
(11) Trickling Filter -High Rate ...................... ......... :................................. _......................... ....... 7
Standard Rate...............................................................................................................5
PackedTower .................... _................................................. ..................... ..................
(ill) Slologlcal Aerated Ther of Aerated Biological Biter...... _. `____ .«». _. „. ._.10
(€v) Rotating Biological Conlactors......................................................................................10
(v) Sand Filter - Intermittent biological..............................................................................2
Recirculating biological.....................................................................................................3
(VI) Clarifier..............................................................................................5
(6 } TERTIARY OR ADVANCED TREATMENT WRS"OCESSES
(a)
Acllvaled Carbon Beds -
without carbon regeneration...................................................................,.............................5
with carbon regeneration ............... _................................................... ................ .................. 15
(b)
Powdered or Granular Activated Carbon Feed -
without carbon regeneration.................................................................................................5
withcarbon regeneration.....................................................................................................15
(c)
Alr stripping.............................................................................................................................................5
(d)
Denftrlfication Process..............................................._.............................................................................10
(e)
Electrodialysis ............ ........................ ....................... «..................................................... ................... 5
(f )
Foam Separation,......................................................................................................................................5
(g)
Ion Exchange... ... .... ... .... ...... ..... .......................5
(h)
Land Applical€on of Treated Effluent (see deflnition No. 22b) (rot Applicable for sand, gravel, shuns
and other similar mining operations) by high rate WIltrallon........................... ........................................ A
(I)
Microscreens. ..... .......... ....................................................... 5
... ............................ ....... ............................ ....
(1)
Phosphorous Removal by Biological Processes (See definition No. 26).........................................................20
(k)
Polishing Ponds - without aeration............................................................................................................2
with aeration .................... ..... .... ........ ............... .................................................5

ClassI........................................................................................................... 5-25 Points
Class II ........................................................... •............................................. 26-50 Points
Ctasslif.......................................................... ................................. ........... 51-65 Points
ClassS/ ........................................................................«�............................66-Up Points
-------------------------------------------------------------
Facilities having a rating of ons through four points, inclusive, do not require a certified operator.
Facilities having an activated sludge process wig be assigned a m nimum classification of Class It.
Facilities having treatment processes for the removal of metal or cyanide will be assigned a minimum classification of Class 11.
Facilities having treatment processes for the biological removal of phosphorus will be assigned a minimum classification of Class 111.
-------------------------------------------------------------
=4 DEFINITIONS
The following definitions shall apply throughout this Subchapter,
(1) Activated Carbon Beds. A phtyslcal/chemical method for reducing soluble organic material from wastewater efiiuert; The co;umn-type beds used in this
method will have a low rate varying from two to eight gallons per minute per square toot and may be either upflow or downflow carbon beds. Carbon may or
may not be regenerated on the wastewater treatment plant she;
(2) Aerated Lagoons. A basin in which all solids are maintained in suspension and by which biological oxidation or organic matter is reduced through artificia€ly
accelerated transfer of oxygen on a flow-through basis;
(3) Aeration. A process of bringing about intimate contact between air or high purity oxygen in a liquid by spraying, agitation or diffuslon;(3a) Extended
Aeration. An aciivaled sludge process utilizing a minimum hydraulic detention time of 18 hours.
(4) Agriculturally managed site. Any she on which a crop is produced, managed, and harvested (Crop includes grasses. grains, trees, e1c.);
(5) Air Stripping. A process by which the ammonium Ion is first converted to dissolved ammonia (pH adjustment) with the ammonia then released to the
atmosphere by physical means; or other similar processes which remove petroleum products such as benzene, toluene, and xylene;
(6) Carbon Regeneration. The regeneration of exhausted carbon by the use of a furnace to provide extremety high temperatures which volatilize and oxidize.The
absorbed impurities;
(7) Carbonaceous Stage. A stage of wastewater treatment designed to achieve 'secondary' effluent limits;
(8) Centrifuge. A mechanical device In which centrifugal force is used to separate solids from liquids or to separate liquids of drffereni dens las;
(9) Chemical Addition Systems- The addition of chemical(s) to wastewater at an application point for purposes of Improving solids removal, pH adjustment,
alkalinity Control, etc.; the capability to experiment with different chemicals and difereni appliration points to achieve a specific result will be considered one
system; the capability to add chemicals) to dual units will be rated as one system; capability to add a chemical at a different application points for different
purposes will result In the systems being rated as separate systems;
(10) Chemical Sludge Conditioning. The addition of a chemical compound such as lime, ferric chloride, or a polymer to wet sludge to coalesce the mass prior to
its application to a dewatering device;
(11) Closed Cycle Systems. Use of holding ponds or holding tanks for containment of wastewater oontalning )norgan;c, non-toxic materials from sand, gravel,
crushed stone or other similar operations, Such systems shall carry a maximum of two points regardless of pumping fadiftles or any other appurtenances;
(12) Combined Removal of Carbonaceous BOD and Nitrogenous Removal by Nitrification- A single stage system required to achieve permit effluent limits on BOD
and ammonia nitrogen within the same biological reactor,
(13) Dechlorination. The partial or complete reduction of residual chlorine in a liquid by any chemical or physical process;
(14) Denhrflicatlon Process. The conversion of nitrate -nitrogen to nitrogen gas;
(1)
Post Aeration • cascade..............................................................................................................................0
•
dilfused of mechanical........................................................................................................2
(m)
Reverse Osmosis........................................................................................................................................
( n I
Sand or Mixed -Media Filters - low rate..........................................................................................................2
Nghrate.................................................................. ..5
(o)
Treatment processes for removal of metal or cyanide...................................................................................1 5
(p)
treatment processes for removal of toxic materials other than metal or cyanide ................... ............... .......... 1 5
(7)
SLUDGETREATMENT
(a)
Sludge Digestion Tank - Heated (anaerobic)......................................................................».......................10
Aerobic.....................................................................•..._............................. ....5
Unhealed (anaerobic)................................................................................................................................3
(b)
Sludge Stabilization (chemical or thermal)...................................................................................................5
(c)
Sludge Drying Beds - Gravity......................................................................................................................2
VacuumAssisted.....................................................................................................................................5
(d)
Sludge Etutriation......................................................................................................................................5
(e)
Sludge Conditioner (chemical or thermal).....................................................................................................5
(f)
Sludge Thickener (gravity).........................................................................................................................5
(g)
Dissolved Air Flotation Unit [not applicable to a unit rated as(3)(1)).............................................................8
(h)
Sludge Gas Utilization (including gas storage).............................................................................................2
(1)
Sludge Holding Tank - Aerated............................................................................................................,......5
Non-aerated ............... ... ..... .. ............................................................................. . 2
(J)
Sludge Incinerator (not including activated carbon regeneration)................................................................10
(k)
Vacuum Filter, Centrifuge, or Filter Press or other similar dewalering devices...................................................1 D
(8)
RESIDUALS UTILIZATION/DISPOSAL (Including incinerated ash)
(a)
....................................
Lagoons.............................................................................................................. 2
(b)
Lard Application (surface and subsurface) (see definition 22a)
by contracting to a land application operator or landfill operator who holds the land application permit
orlandf iii permit............................................................................................................................
(c)
Dedicated Landilll(burlal) by the permittee of the wastewater treatment facility......................................._..11:.2
(�)
DISr4EL1ION
-
(a)
Chlorination .... .......... ................................................... ... ........................................................................S
(b)
Dechlorination........................................................._........•--............................._.........._..........................5
(c)
Ozone......................................................................................................................................................5
(d)
Radiation.................................................................................................................................................3
(10)
CHEMICAL ADDITION SYSTEM(S) ( see definition No. 9) [not appikabie to chemical additions rated as ]tem (3)0).
(5)(a)(xi),
(6)(a). (6)(b)• (7)(b)• (7)(e), (9a). (9)(b) or (9)(c) 6 points each:
List....................................................................................................................................5
.................•--........................................................................................................5
...................................................................................................................................5
.....................................................................................................................................5
(1 1)
MISCELLANEOUS UNiTWPROCESSES
(a)
Holding Ponds, Holding Tanks or Settling Ponds for Organic or Toxic Materials Including wastes trortl mining
Operations containing nitrogen or phosphorus compounds In amounts signillcarnly greater than Is common
for domestic wastewater. ....... ..... .. .... ..... .., ........ ....4
(b)
Effluent Flew Equalization (not applicable to storage basins which are inherent In lard application systems) ..... 2
(c)
Stage Discharge (not applicable to storage basins Inherent In land application systems)..................................5
(d)
Pumps.....................................................................................................................................................3
is)
Stand -By Power Supply....................................................................................................................3
(f)
Thermal Pollution Control Device................................................................................................................3
TOTAL POINTS..........................................................................
ClassI........................................................................................................... 5-25 Points
Class II ........................................................... •............................................. 26-50 Points
Ctasslif.......................................................... ................................. ........... 51-65 Points
ClassS/ ........................................................................«�............................66-Up Points
-------------------------------------------------------------
Facilities having a rating of ons through four points, inclusive, do not require a certified operator.
Facilities having an activated sludge process wig be assigned a m nimum classification of Class It.
Facilities having treatment processes for the removal of metal or cyanide will be assigned a minimum classification of Class 11.
Facilities having treatment processes for the biological removal of phosphorus will be assigned a minimum classification of Class 111.
-------------------------------------------------------------
=4 DEFINITIONS
The following definitions shall apply throughout this Subchapter,
(1) Activated Carbon Beds. A phtyslcal/chemical method for reducing soluble organic material from wastewater efiiuert; The co;umn-type beds used in this
method will have a low rate varying from two to eight gallons per minute per square toot and may be either upflow or downflow carbon beds. Carbon may or
may not be regenerated on the wastewater treatment plant she;
(2) Aerated Lagoons. A basin in which all solids are maintained in suspension and by which biological oxidation or organic matter is reduced through artificia€ly
accelerated transfer of oxygen on a flow-through basis;
(3) Aeration. A process of bringing about intimate contact between air or high purity oxygen in a liquid by spraying, agitation or diffuslon;(3a) Extended
Aeration. An aciivaled sludge process utilizing a minimum hydraulic detention time of 18 hours.
(4) Agriculturally managed site. Any she on which a crop is produced, managed, and harvested (Crop includes grasses. grains, trees, e1c.);
(5) Air Stripping. A process by which the ammonium Ion is first converted to dissolved ammonia (pH adjustment) with the ammonia then released to the
atmosphere by physical means; or other similar processes which remove petroleum products such as benzene, toluene, and xylene;
(6) Carbon Regeneration. The regeneration of exhausted carbon by the use of a furnace to provide extremety high temperatures which volatilize and oxidize.The
absorbed impurities;
(7) Carbonaceous Stage. A stage of wastewater treatment designed to achieve 'secondary' effluent limits;
(8) Centrifuge. A mechanical device In which centrifugal force is used to separate solids from liquids or to separate liquids of drffereni dens las;
(9) Chemical Addition Systems- The addition of chemical(s) to wastewater at an application point for purposes of Improving solids removal, pH adjustment,
alkalinity Control, etc.; the capability to experiment with different chemicals and difereni appliration points to achieve a specific result will be considered one
system; the capability to add chemicals) to dual units will be rated as one system; capability to add a chemical at a different application points for different
purposes will result In the systems being rated as separate systems;
(10) Chemical Sludge Conditioning. The addition of a chemical compound such as lime, ferric chloride, or a polymer to wet sludge to coalesce the mass prior to
its application to a dewatering device;
(11) Closed Cycle Systems. Use of holding ponds or holding tanks for containment of wastewater oontalning )norgan;c, non-toxic materials from sand, gravel,
crushed stone or other similar operations, Such systems shall carry a maximum of two points regardless of pumping fadiftles or any other appurtenances;
(12) Combined Removal of Carbonaceous BOD and Nitrogenous Removal by Nitrification- A single stage system required to achieve permit effluent limits on BOD
and ammonia nitrogen within the same biological reactor,
(13) Dechlorination. The partial or complete reduction of residual chlorine in a liquid by any chemical or physical process;
(14) Denhrflicatlon Process. The conversion of nitrate -nitrogen to nitrogen gas;

(15) Electrodialysis. Process for removing Ionized salts from water through the use of ion -selective Ion -exchange membranes;
(16) Fitter Press- A process operated mechanically for partially dewatering siudge;
(17) Foam Separation. The planned frothing of wastewater or wastewater effluent as a means of removing excessive amounts of detergent materials through
the introduction of air In the form of fine bubbles; also called foam fractionation;
(18) Grit Removal. The process of removing grit and other heavy mineral matter from wastewater;
(19) Imhoff Tank. A deep two story wastewater tank consisting of an upper sedimentation chamber and a lower sludge digestion chamber.
(20) Instrumented Flow Measurement. A device which Indicates and records rate of flow;
(21 ) Ion Exchange. A chemical process in which Ions from two different molecules are exchanged;
(22) Land application:
(a) Sludge Disposal, A final sludge disposal method by which wet sludge may be applied to land either by spraying on the surface or by subsurface injection
(i.e., chisel plow); (nol applicable for types of sludge described In (11) of this Rule);
(b) Treated Effluent. The process of spraying treated wastewater onto a land area or other methods of application of wastewater onto a land area as a
means of linal disposal or treatment;
(23) Microscreen. A low speed, continuously back -washed, rotating drum fiifer operating under gravity conditions as a polishing method for removing
suspended solids from effluent;
(24) Nitrification Process. The biochemical conversion of unoxidized nitrogen (ammonia and organic nitrogen) to Oxidized nitrogen (usually nitrate);
(25) Nitrogenous Stage. A separate stage of wastewater treatment designed for the specific purpose of converting ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen;
(25) Phosphate Removal, Biological. The removal of phosphorus from wastewater by an oxidanoxic process designed to enhance luxury uptake of phosphorus
by the microorganisms;
(27) Polishing Pond. A holding pond foilowfng secondary treatmene with sufficient detention time to allow settling of finely suspended soiids;
(2B) Post Aeration. Aeration tollowing conventional secondary treatment units to increase effluent D.O, or for any other purpose;
(29) Post Aeration, (Cascade) A polishing method by which dissolved oxygen Is added to the effluent by a nonmechanical, gravity means of flowing down a
series of steps or weirs; The flow occurring across the steps or weirs moves in a fairly thin layer and the operation of the cascade requires no operator
adjustment; thus, zero points are assigned even though this is an essential step to meeting the limits of the discharge permit;
(30) Powdered to Granular Activated Carbon Feed. A biophysical carbon process that utilizes biological aci vity and organic absorption by using powdered or
granular activated carbon; Virgin or regenerated carbon is feed controlled into the system;
(31) Preaeralion. A tank constructed to provide aeration prior to primary treatment;
(32) Preliminary Units. Unit operations in the treatment process, such as screening and comminution, that prepare the liquor for subsequent major operations;
(33) Industrial Pretreatment.
(a) Pre-treatment Unit, Industrial. The conditioning of a waste at Rs source before discharge, to remove or to neutralize substances injurious to sewers and
treatment processes or to effect a partial reduction In load on the treatment process which is operated by the same governing body as the wastewater
treatment plant being rated;
b) pre-treatment Program, industrial - must be a State or EPA required program to receive points on the raling sheet;
(34) Primary Clarifiers. The first settling tanks through which wastewater is passed In a treatment works for the purpose of removing settleable and suspended
solids and BOD which Is associated with the solids;
(35) Pumps. All influent, effluent and in -plant pumps;
(36) Radiation. Disinfection or sterilization process utifizing devices emitting uttraviolet or gamma rays;
(37) Reverse Osmosis. A treatment process In which a heavy contaminated liquid Is pressurized through a membrarie forming nearly pure liquid free from
suspended solids;
(38) Rotating Biological Contractors. A fixed biological growth process in which wastewater flows through tanks in which a series of partially submerged circular
surfaces are rotated;
(39) Sand Filters:
(a) Intermittent Biological. Fftration of effluert following septic tanks, lagoons, or some other treatment process In which further biodecomposltlon is
expected to produce des;red effluents; Hydraulic loading rates on these filters are computed in gpd/ac and have a resutting low gpmist (less than one);
b) Recirculating biological - the same type of sand filler as defined in Subparagraph (39) (a) of this Rule with the added capability to recycle effluent back
through the sand filter;
(40) Sand or Mixed -Media Filters. A polishing process by which effluent limits are achieved through a further reduction of suspended solids;
(a) low rate •• gravity, hydraulically loaded filter with loading rates in the one to three gprrVsl range;
(b) high rata -- a pressure, hydraulically loaded filter with loading rates in the five gpm/sf range; At any rate, the loading rate will exceed three gprrsf;
(41) Secondary Clarifiers. A tank which follows the biological unit of treatment plant and which has the purpose of removing sludges associated with the
biological treatment units;
(42) Separate Sludge Reaeration. A part of the contact stabilization process where the activated sludge is transferred to a tank and aerated before returning it
to the contact basin;
(43) Septic Tank. A single -story settling tank in which settled sludge is In contact with the wastewater flowing through the tank; shalt not be applicable for
septic tank systems serving single family residences having capacity of 2,000 gallons or less which discharge 10 a nitrification field;
(44) Sludge Digestion. The process by which organic or volatile matter and sludge is gasified, liquefied, mineralized or converted into more stable organic matter
through the activity of living organisms, which Includes aerated holding tanks;
(45) Sludge Drying Beds. An area comprising natural or artificial layers of porous materials upon which digested sewage sludge is dried by drainage and
evaporation;
(46) Sludge Eiutriatlon. A process of sludge conditioning in which certain constituents are removed by suocessive washings with fresh water or plant effluent;
(47) Sludge Gas 011izationt. The process of using sewage gas for the purpose of heating buildings, driving engines, etc.;
(48) Sludge Holding Tank (Aerated and Nonaerated). A tank utilized for small wastewater treatment plants not containing a digester In which sludge may be
kept fresh, and supernatant withdrawn prior to a drying method (i.e. sludge drying bads); This may be done by adding a small amount of air simply to keep the
sludge fresh, but not necessarily an amount that would be required to achieve stabilization of organic matter. A nonaeraled tank would simply be used to
decant sludge prior to dewatering and would not allow long periods (several days of detention) without resuitIng odor problems;
(49) Sludge Incinerators. A furnace designed to bum sludge and to remove all moisture and combustible materials and reduce the sludge to a sterile ash;
(50) Sludge Stabilization (Chemical or Thermal). A process to make treated sludge less odorous and putrescibie, and to reduce the pathogenic organism
content; This may be done by pH adjustment, chlorine dosing, or by heat treatment;
(51) Sludge Thickener. A type of sedimentation tank In which the sludge Is permitted to settle and thicken through agitation and gravity;
(52) Slabilizatiort lagoon A type of oxidation lagoon in which biologicat oxidation of organic matter Is effected by natural transfer of oxygen to the water from
air (not a polishing pond);
(53) Stand -By Power Supply. On site or portable electrical generating equipment;
(54) Static Screens. A stationary screen designed to remove solids, including non biodegradable particulate (floatabie solids, suspended solids and BOD
reduction) from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment systems;
(55) Tertiary Treatment. A stage of treatment following secondary which is primarily for the purpose of effluent polishing; A settling lagoon or sand or coal fiber
might be employed for this purpose;
(56) Thermal Pollution Control Device. A device providing for the transfer of heat from a fluid flowing In tubes to another fluid outside the tubes, or vice versa;
or other means of regulating liquid temperatures;
(57) Thermal Sludge Conditioner. A conditioning process by which heat Is added for a protracted period of time to Improve the dewalerabilhy of sludge by the
solubilizing and hydrauflzing of the smaller and more highly hydrated sludge particles;
(58) Toxic Materials. Those wastes or combinations of wastes, Including dEssasa-causing agents which after discharge and upon exposure, Ingestion, Inhalation
or assimilation into any organism, either directly from the environment or indirectly by ingestion through food chains, will cause death, disease, behavioral
abnormalities. cancer, genetic mutations, physiological malfunctions (including malfunctions In reproduction) or physical deformations, in such organisms or their
Offspring; Toxic materials Include, by way of illustration and not limitation: lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury, vanadium, arsenic, zinc, orlho•riltro-ohlorobenzene
(ONCE), polychlodnaled blphenyts (PCBs) and d€chlorodrphenyl ldch€oroathane (DDT); and any other materials that have or may hereafter be determined to have
toxic properties;
(59) Trickling Filter. A biological treatment unit consisting of a material such as broken done or rock over which wastewater is distributed; A high rate trickling
filter Is one which operated at between 10 and 30 mgd per acre. A low rate trickling filter Is one which is designed to operate at one to lour mgd per acre;
(60) Trickling Ffter (Packed Tower). A plug flow type of operation In which wastewater flows down through successive layers of media or filtrate material; Organ.
material Is removed continually by the active biological fixed growth in each successive layer. This method may produce "secondary" qualify effluent, or may be
adapted to produce s nitrilied effluent;
(61) vacuum (ffter, Centrifuges, or Fifer Presses. Devices which are designed to remove excess wafer from either digested or undigested sludge prior to disposal
or further treatment.