WQ0000506_Final Permit_19900219

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
512 North Salisbury Street • Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
James G. Martin, Governor
William W. Cobey, Jr., Secretary
Mr. Wallace Woodall
Woodall Vacuum Pumping Service
PO Box 5066
Cary, NC 27511
Dear Mr. Woodall:
George T. Everett, Ph.D
Director
February 19, 1990
Subject: Permit No. WQ0000506
Woodall Vacuum Pumping Service
Land Application of Wastewater
Treatment Plant Sludges
Chatham and Wake Counties
In accordance with your applications for permit amendment received October 26, 1989,
we are forwarding herewith Permit No. WQ0000506, dated February 19, 1990, to Woodall
Vacuum Pumping Service for the operation of the subject sludge land application program. This
permit amendment includes approval of 5 new sludge sources.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until August 1, 1992, and shall be
subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein. This permit shall also supersede
Permit No. WQ0000506 issued November 16, 1989 and all other associated permits relating to
land application of sludge for Woodall Vacuum Pumping Service.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable to you,
you have the right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days
following receipt of this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming
to Chapter 150B of North Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative
Hearings, P.O. Box 11666, Raleigh, NC 27604. Unless such demands are made this permit shall
be final and binding.
One set of approved documents is being forwarded to you. If you need additional
information concerning this matter, please contact Mr. Jack Floyd at 919/ 733-5083.
cc: Wake County Health Department
Chatham County Manager
Mr. Dale Crisp, City of Raleigh
Raleigh Regional Office
Groundwater Section
Agri -Waste Technology
Pollution Prevention Pays
P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 Telephone [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
SLUDGE LAND APPLICATION PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North
Carolina as amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Woodall Vacuum Pumping Service
Chatham and Wake Counties
FOR THE
continued operation of a sludge land application program consisting of disposing sludge from the
facilities listed in condition No. IIA which include 5 additional sludge sources, to privately owned
sites with a total area of approximately 408.3 acres in Wake and Chatham Counties as described in
condition No. VI.6 with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the applications
received October 26, 1989 and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other
supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department_ of Environment, Health and
Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until August 1, 1992, and shall be
subject to the following specified conditions and limitations:
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
1. The Raleigh Regional Office, phone no. 919/733-2314, and the appropriate local
governmental official (county manager/city manager) shall be notified at least
twenty-four (24) hours prior to the initial application of the sludge to either of the
I.C. Harward sites so that an inspection can be made of the application sites and
application method. Such notification to the regional supervisor shall be made
during the normal office hours from 8:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. on Monday through
Friday, excluding State Holidays,
2, This -permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately absorb the wastes
and may be rescinded unless the sites are maintained and operated in a manner
which will protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface .vaters and
ground waters.
3. The land application program shall be effectively maintained and operated as a
non -discharge system to prevent the discharge of any wastes resulting from the
operation of this program.
4. In the event that the land application program is not operated satisfactorily, including
the creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall cease applying sludge to the
sites and flake any immediate corrective actions, including the construction of
additional or replacement wastewater treatment or disposal facilities.

5. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for
damages to surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this facility.
b. No crops for direct human consumption shall be raised on these sites for a period
of 18 months following sludge application.
7. Maximum slope for sludge application shall be 10% for surface application and
18% for subsurface applications.
8. The following buffers zones shall be maintained:
a) 400 feet from residences under separate ownership for surface application
method,
b) 200 feet from residences under separate ownership for injection method,
c) 100 feet from "SA and SB" classified waters, potable water wells, and public
surface water supplies for both methods,
d) 50 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes, rivers,
and surface water drainage ways for injection method.
e) 100 feet from "WS" classified waters and other streams, creeks, lakes, rivers
and surface water drainage ways for surface application method,
f) 100 feet from property lines for both methods,
g) 50 feet from public right of ways for surface application method,
h) 10 feet from upslope interceptor drains and surface water diversions for both
methods,
i) 25 feet from downslope interceptor drains, surface water diversions,
groundwater drainage systems and surface drainage ditches for both
methods.
9. A copy of this permit shall be kept in all sludge transport and application vehicles
during the life of this permit.
10. All sludges included in this permit must be stabilized by a process to significantly
reduce pathogens (as described in 40 CFR Part 257, Appendix 11) prior to
application or incorporation. Processes to stabilize each sludge shall be in place and
operational on or before December 31, 1990. Failure to submit proof of stabilization
for each sludge may result in revocation of this permit in accordance with NC
General Statute 143-215.1(b)(3).
11. Specific sludge application area boundaries shall be clearly marked on each site prior
to and during sludge application.
12. No sludge at any time shall be stored at any application site.
II. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
The facilities and disposal sites shall be properly maintained and operated at all
times.
2. A suitable vegetative cover as listed in condition Il 3, shall be maintained in
accordance with the crop management plan approved by this Division.
2

. •-,yin_ ...� ..
3. The application rates shall not exceed the following for the specified crops:
Crops PAN (lbslacrelyear)
Corn 200
Grains, soybeans, sorghum 150
Bermuda Grass 250
Fescue, Rye, other grasses 200
4. No sludges other than the following are hereby approved for land application in
accordance with this permit:
Source County Estimated Volume Required
.(ga.11ons/year) Acre= (acres)
a)
Town of Wendell
Wake
300,000
-8.71
b)
Town of Pittsboro
Chatham
208,000
T8.52
c)
Cole Park Plaza WWTP
Chatham
48,000
L,0.35
d)
Fearrington Subd. WWTP
Chatham
128,000
-.2.03
e)
Five Oaks Subd. WWTP
Durham
125,000
X2.71
f)
Nature Trails MHP
Chatham
32,000
x;23
g)
Town of Cary
Wake
500,000
61-2.93
h)
Mid -State Farms, Inc.
Chatham
1,040,000
J -a6.42
i)
Town of Fuquay-Varina * *
Wake
150,000
1.3.25
j)
Town of Wake Forest
Wake
520,000
14.25
k)
Town of Morrisville -
Perimeter Park WWTP
Wake
25,000
--0.12
1)
Town of Morrisville -
Aviation Pkwy. WWTP
Wake
25,000
6-0:11
rn)
Lake Royale Resort *
Franklin
4,000
-0.08
n)
Days Inn WWTP *
Durham
8,000
--0".06
o)
Cedar Village Apts.
Chatham.
8,000
-0.42
p)
Carolina Meadows
Chatham
24,000
-0.76
q)
Pope Industrial Park *
Wake
12,000
--6.17
r)
Plantation Inn WWTP
Wake
18,000
-3-.90
s)
Gresham Lake Utility
Wake
12,000
40.29
t)
Harrington Grove Subd. *
Wake
36,000
-0.17
u)
River NEW Subd.
Wake
36,000
..1.40
v)
Carolina Trace Subd.
Lee
30,000
-0:61
w)
Foxhall Village MHP
Wake
50,000
x,0.91
x)
Hidden Cove Subd.
Wake
16,000
x:50
y)
High Meadows Subd.
Wake
16,000
-G:12
z)
Bristol Myers Inc.
Wake
40,000
`x:25
aa)
Lawrence Transfer Systems*
Wake
4,000
x Y 10
bb)
Trade -winds Subd,
Wake
25,000
X78
cc)
Riverwalk Subd. *
Wake
40,000
-0.23
dd)
Wildwood Green Subd.
Wake
1,000
C-0:01
ee)
Hawthorne Subd.
Wake
50,000
=4-79
ff)
Beachwood Subd.
Wake
10,000
-0.27
gg)
Indian Creek Subd.
Wake
12,000
"0.23
hh)
Cottonwood Subd.
Wake
x@;000
x`10
ii)
Deerchase Subd.
Wake
5,000
`0.15
jj)
Mill Run Subd. *
Wake
30,000
°8:74
kk)
Wake Technical College
Wake
25,000
'-0.19
11)
Briarwood Farms Subd.
Wake
20,000
--0--06-
mm)
Mallards Crossing Subd.
Wake
25,000
"--0,.06.
nn)
Kings Grant Subdivision
Wake
12,000
'x0.13
Table Continued on Next Page.
3

oo) Ashley Hills Subdivision Wake 20,000 "0.20
pp) Willowbrook Subd. Wake 12,000 -0.27
qq) White Oak Subdivision Wake 8,000 x.13
rr) Town of Holly Springs Wake 20.000 x.37
TOTALS 3,750,000 225.90
* Denotes sludges that shall be applied to lands which are to be covered with grass
crops ONLY, otherwise additional acreage will be necessary to accommodate other
cover crops.
** Denotes sludges that shall be applied to Wake County sites ONLY.
If it is determined that the sludge volumes have been erroneously calculated, the
Permittee shall give immediate notification to the Raleigh Regional Office prior to
land applying any sludge in excess of the given volumes above for the respective
facilities.
5. The lifetime heavy
metal loadings shall
not exceed the following for the
corresponding Cation Exchange Capacities
(CEC):
Parameter
CEC < S
CEC 5-15
CEC > 15
Lead (lbs/acre)
500
1000
2000
Zinc (lbs/acre)
250
500
1000
Copper (lbs/acre)
125
250
500
Nickel (lbs/acre)
125
250
500
Cadmium (lbs/acre)
4.5
9
18
5. Adequate facilities shall be provided to prevent surface runoff from carrying any
disposed or stored material into any surface waters.
Animals should not be grazed on sludge applied land within a 30 -day period
following the sludge application. Application sites that are to be used for grazing
shall have fencing that will be used to prevent access after each application.
8. Surface applied sludge will be plowed or disced within twenty-four (24) hours
after application on lands with no cover crop established.
9. For areas that are prone to flooding or within the 100 -year flood elevation, sludge
may be applied during periods of dry ,A,eather. The sludge must be incorporated
into the soil within twenty-four (24) hours of application.
10. Appropriate measures must be taken to control public access to the land application
sites during active site use and for the 12 -month period following sludge application.
Such controls shall include the posting of signs indicating the activities being
conducted at each site.
11. Adequate provisions shall be taken to prevent wind erosion and surface runoff
from conveying pollutants from the sludge application area onto the adjacent
property or into the surface waters.
12. Sludge shall not be applied in inclement weather or until 24 hours following a
rainfall event of 1/2 -inch or greater in 24 hours. Any emergency sludge disposal
measures must first be approved by the Division of Environmental Management.
0

13. The site shall be adequately Iimed to a soil pH of at least 6.5 prior to sludge
application. Sludge may be applied to sites with a pH of less than 6.5 provided a
sufficient amount of lime is also applied to achieve a final pH of the lime, sludge and
soil mixture of at least 6.5.
14. Sludge shall only be applied to site No. 501 when absolutely necessary.
MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1. Any monitoring (including groundwater, surface water, sludge, soil, or plant
tissue analyses) deemed necessary by the Division of Environmental Management
to insure protection of the environment will be established and an acceptable
sampling and reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Proper records shall be maintained by the Permittee tracking all disposal activities.
These records shall include, but are not necessarily limited to the following
information:
a) source of sludge
b) date of sludge application
C) location of sludge application (site, field, or zone #)
d) method of application
e) weather conditions
f) soil conditions
g) type of crop growing on field
h) volume of sludge applied in gallons/ acre and dry tons/ acre
i) annual and cumulative totals of dry tons/ acre of sludge, pounds/
acre of lead, nickel, cadmium, copper, and zinc, annual totals of pounds/
acre of plant available nitrogen (PAN), and pounds/ acre of phosphorus
applied to each field.
3. A representative annual soils analysis shall be conducted of each site and the results
maintained on file by the Permittee for a minimum of five years. The soils analysis
shall include but is not necessarily limited to the following parameters:
Standard Soil Fertility Test Manganese
% Base Saturation
Cation Exchange Capacity
Phosphorus
Sodium
Potassium
Nickel
Lead
Cadmium
Zinc
Copper
Magnesium
Calcium
pH
Calcium
4. A sludge analysis and EP Toxicity analysis shall be conducted by the Permittee
annually of each sludge listed in condition No. II.4 and the results maintained on file
by the Permittee for a minimum of five years. The sludge analysis shall include but
is not necessarily limited to the following parameters:
% total solids
Magnesium
Total Nitrogen
Sulfate
Phosphorus
Potassium
Lead
Zinc
Copper
Nickel
Cadmium
Chromium
Sodium
Calcium
Chlorides
Plant Available Nitrogen (by calculation)
pH
5

l&fA
The EP Toxicity analysis shall include the following parameters:
Arsenic
Barium.
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Silver
Endrin
Lindane
Methoxychlor
Toxaphene
2,4-D
2,4,5 -TP Silvex
S. Three copies of all monitoring and reporting requirements as specified in conditions
111.1, II1.2, 111.3 and IIIA shall be submitted annually on or before January 31 of
the following year to the following address:
NC Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Facility Assessment Unit
PO Box 27687
Raleigh, NC 27611-7687
6. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Raleigh Regional Office, telephone no.
919/733-2314, as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next
working day following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of
the following:
a. Any occurrence with the land application program which results in the
land application of significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in
quantity or characteristic.
b. Any failure of the land application program resulting in a discharge of
wastes to receiving waters.
C. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates thae the facility has
gone out of compliance with the conditions and limitations of this permit
or the parameters on which the system was designed.
d. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that render
the facility incapable of adequate sludge treatment.
e. Any spillage or discharge from a vehicle or piping system transporting
sludge to the application site.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in
letter form within 15 days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report
must outline the actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem
does not recur.
GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
Any groundwater quality monitoring as deemed necessary by the Division of
Environmental Management shall be provided.
L+

2. On or before March 15, 1990, a total of four (4) new monitor wells, one (1)
upgradient and one (1) downgradient at both the Joseph Franks site and the J.C.
Harward site shall be installed to monitor groundwater quality. The location and
construction details for these wells shall be approved by the Raleigh Regional Office,
from which a well construction permit must be obtained. Failure to construct these
new monitor wells may result in recission of approval of these sites for land disposal
of sludge.
3. The four (4) new monitor wells shall be sampled initially after construction for those
parameters outlined below. The three (3) existing monitor wells and the four (4)
new monitor wells (total of seven wells) shall be sampled every March, July and
October for the following parameters:
NO3 (10.0)
TDS
pH ( 6.5-8.5 standard units)
Chloride (250.0)
TOX (in October only)
Ammonia Nitrogen
TOC
Water Level
Total Coliforms ( 1#1100 ml)
Phenol
The measurement of water level must be made prior to sampling for the remaining
parameters.
The numbers in parentheses represent the maximum allowable concentrations in
groundwater for the various analytical parameters, as specified in 15 NCAC 2L
[Groundwater Classifications and Standards). Unless otherwise noted, the
concentrations are given in parts per million.
The analytical methods used for TOX must be capable of detecting the total of all
halogenated organic compounds present at a concentration of 5.0 parts per billion
(ppb) or greater. In the event that a TOX concentration of 5.0 ppb or greater is
detected, any individual halogenated organic compound(s) present at a concentration
at or above the method detection limit (MDL) must be identified and quantified
utilizing EPA methods 601, 602, 604, and 611.
If TOC concentrations greater than 10 mg/l are detected in any downgradient
monitoring well, additional sampling and analysis must be conducted to identify the
individual constituents comprising this TOC concentration. If the TOC concentration
as measured in the background monitor well exceeds 10 mg/l, this concentration will
be taken to represent the naturally occurring TOC concentration. Any exceedances
of this naturally occurring TOC concentration in the downgradient wells shall be
subject to the additional sampling and analysis as described above.
The results of the sampling and analysis shall be sent to the N.C. Division of
Environmental Management on Form GW -59 (Compliance Monitoring Report
Form) every April, August, and November.
The Compliance Boundary for the land application sites is specified by regulations in
15 NCAC 2L, Classifications and Water Quality Standards applicable to the
groundwater of North Carolina. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards
beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to penalty provisions applicable under
General Statute 143-215.6(1)x. The sale of property, by the Permittee, which is
within or contiguous to the disposal system: site may alter location of the Compliance
Boundary.
For application sites permitted on or after December 30, 1983, the Compliance
Boundary is established at the lesser of 250 feet from the land application areas, or
50 feet within the property boundary.
7

For facilities permitted before December 30, 1983, the Compliance Boundary is
established at a distance 500 feet from the land application sites, or the property
boundary, whichever is less.
If the title to any property which may affect the location of the Compliance Boundary
is changed, the permittee shall notify the Division Director within 14 days. The
Director shall then establish a modified Compliance Boundary which will be done as
a modification to the Permit.
The REVIEW BOUNDARY for the land application sites is specified by regulations
in 15 NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. A REVIEW
BQUNDARY is established around disposal systems midway between the
Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the waste disposal area. When the
concentration of any substance equals or exceeds the maximum allowable
concentration of that substance at the REVIEW BOUNDARY, as determined by
monitoring, the permittee shall either (i) demonstrate, through predictive calculations
or modeling, that natural site conditions, facility design and operational controls will
prevent a violation of standards at the Compliance Boundary; or, (ii) submit a plan
for the alteration of existing site conditions, facility design or operational controls
that will prevent a violation of standards at the Compliance Boundary, and
implement that plan upon its approval by the Director.
4. Any wells located on the land application sites and which are no longer in use, shall
be properly abandoned in accordance with requirements outlined in 15 NCAC 2C
(Well Construction Standards).
Any additional groundwater quality monitoring, as deemed necessary by the
Division, shall be provided.
V. INSPECTIONS
The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the sludge storage, transport, and
disposal facilities to prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and
discharges which may cause or lead to the release of wastes to the environment, a
threat to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee shall keep an inspection log
or summary including at least the date and time of inspection, observations made,
and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee. This
log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of three years
from the date of the inspection and shall be made available upon request by the
Division of Environmental Management or other permitting authority.
Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division of
Environmental Management may, upon presentation of credentials, enter and
inspect any property, premises or place on or related to the disposal site and
facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this
permit; may inspect or copy any records that must be kept under the terms and
conditions of this permit; or may obtain samples of groundwater, surface water,
or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the land application activities are carried
out in accordance with the conditions of this permit and in the manner approved
by this Division.
Al

2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes
described in the application and other supporting data.
3. Prior to any transfer of this land, a notice shall be given to the new owner that
gives full details of the materials applied or incorporated at this site.
4. This permit shall become voidable unless the agreements between the Permittee
and the landowners/lessees are in full force and effect.
5. This permit is not transferable. In the event there is a desire for the facilities to
change ownership or a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must
be submitted to the Division of Environmental Management accompanied by an
application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting
materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered
on its merits and may or may not be approved.
6. The following are approved sites for sludge application (see attached maps):
Owner/Lessee
Site No.
County
Application Area
excluding buffers facresl
Charles Bouldin
1
Chatham
5.5
2 *
Chatham
18.9
3
Chatham
5.9
6
Chatham
3.7
7
Chatham
2.9
8
Chatham
3.0
9
Chatham
10.0
10
Chatham
5.9
11
Chatham
9.7
12
Chatham
1.9
13
Chatham
4.2
14
Chatham
5.2
15
Chatham
22.3
16
Chatham
7.3
17
Chatham
17.6
18
Chatham
1.2
19
Chatham
3.8
21
Chatham
4.9
22
Chatham
2.6
23
Chatham
7.4
24
Chatham
2.2
25
Chatham
6.8
J.C. Bray
100
Chatham
0.7
101
Chatham
16.0
Berney Griffies
200
Chatham
5.3
201
Chatham
3.8
202
Chatham
13.7
203
Chatham
8.7
Steve Cockman
300
Chatham
4.1
301
Chatham
6.6
Joseph Franks
400
Wake
25.0
401
Wake
74.0
402
Wake
45.0
Table Continued on Next Page

J.C. Harward 501 ** Wake 7.3
502 Wake 17.1
503 Wake 28.1
total acreage= 408.3
* Denotes sites designated to received ONLY sludge from the Town of Cary.
Denotes sites that shall receive sludge ONLY by subsurface injection.
7. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may
subject the Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division of Environmental
Management in accordance with North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6.
8. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within
thirty (30) days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee
accordingly may cause the Division to initiate action to revoke this permit as
specified by 15 NCAC 2H.0205 (c)(4).
9. The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with
any and all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances which may be imposed by
other government agencies (local, state, and federal) which have jurisdiction.
10. A set of approved documents for the subject project must be retained by the applicant
for the life of the project.
11. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall
request its extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review
the adequacy of the facilities described therein, and if warranted, will extend the
permit for such period of time and under such conditions and limitations as it may
deem appropriate.
12. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions,
limitations and monitoring requirements the Division of Environmental Management
deems necessary in order to adequately protect the environment and public health.
13. Once the total land requirements to assimilate the sludge sources listed in condition
II. 4 reaches 75 % of the total available acreage, the Permittee shall apply for and
receive a permit to increase the land capacity of this permit. This shall be
accomplished prior to receiving approval for additional sludges.
Permit issued this the 19th day of February, 1990
t
TH CAROLII,
j
George T. Everett,
Division of Environ
By Authority of the
Permit No. WQ0000506
'AL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
tal Management Commission
10