WQ0000193_Final Permit_20061006

Michael F. Easley, Governor
William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Alan W. Klimek, P.E. Director
Division of Water Quality
October 6, 2006
Gus Ulrich
Village of Bald Head Island
P.O. Box 3009
Bald Head Island, NC 28461
Subject: Permit No. WQ0000193
Bald Head Island WWTF
Infiltration Lagoon System
Brunswick County
Dear Mr. Ulrich:
In accordance with your permit request for renewal received July 12, 2006, and subsequent
additional information received August 11, 2006, we are forwarding herewith Permit No. WQ0000193,
dated October 6, 2006, to the Village of Bald Head Island for the continued operation of the subject
wastewater treatment and high rate infiltration facilities.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until September 30, 2011, shall void
Permit No. WQ0000193 issued May 5, 2006, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as
specified therein. Please pay particular attention to the monitoring requirements in this permit. Failure to
establish an adequate system for collecting and maintaining the required operational information will
result in future compliance problems.
This permit approves the continued operation of the subject wastewater treatment and spray
irrigation facilities for another five-year cycle. However, please take the time to review this permit
thoroughly as some of the conditions contained therein may have been added or changed since the last
issuance of this permit. Of special interest are the following:
• Condition 11.5 — Note that Reverse Osmosis Back-flush is not permitted for disposal
through the infiltration lagoons. A permit modification is required for the disposal of
these fluids.
Condition I.I. of Permit No. WQ0000193 issued May 5, 2006 required the permittee to address
the Compliance and Review Boundaries of the treatment lagoons through submittal of a Site Map. An
application received by the Division on September 29, 2006 contained site plans indicating boundaries;
however, these setbacks do not comply with Regulation 15A NCAC 02L .0107 and therefore do not meet
the requirements of Condition 1.1 of the previous permit.
If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the
right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of
this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of the
North Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service
Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-6714. Unless such demands are made this permit shall be final
and binding.
No thCarolina
Naturally
Aquifer Protection Section 1636 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1636 Phone [phone] Customer Service
Internet: www.ncwaterquality.org 2728 Capital Boulevard Raleigh, NC 27604 Fax [phone]
Fax [phone]
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer — 50% Recycled/l 0% Post Consumer Paper

If you need any additional information concerning this matter, please contact Matthew Fleahman
at [phone].
Sincerel
C-�
Alan W. Klimek, P.E.
cc: Brunswick County Health Department
Wilmington Regional Office, Aquifer Protection Section
Technical Assistance and Certification Unit
APS Central Files
LAU Files

NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
RALEIGH
INFILTRATION LAGOON PERMIT
In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as
amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations
PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED TO
Village of Bald Head Island
Brunswick County
continued operation of a 400,000 gallon per day (GPD) wastewater treatment facility and an infiltration lagoon
disposal system consisting of:
a 223,000 gallon flow equalization basin aerated with one (1) 382 cubic feet per minute (CFM) blower; a
screw type mechanical bar screen with bag compactor; one (1) 155,000 gallon Sequencing Batch Reactor
(SBR) with two (2) 382 CFM blowers; two (2) Aqua Disk filters each with a surface area of 215.2 square feet
(ft) and a hydraulic loading rate up to 3 GPM/ft2; a backwash pump station with two (2) submersible pumps
each rated at 50 gallons per minute (GPM) at 38 feet of TDH; an ultra -violet (UV) light disinfection system
with a redundant back-up system; an effluent pump station with two (2) submersible pumps each rated at 556
GPM at 20 feet of TDH; a 8 inch magnetic flow meter that pumps to the 2.04 acre, 0.76 acre and 0.55 acre
infiltration lagoons;
two (2) 155,000 gallon SBRs with 382 CFM blowers; a 336,000 gallon aerobic digester with three (3)
compartments each with a floating aerator; contracted disposal of approximately 49 dry tons per year of bio -
solids with Lewis Farms & Liquid Waste (WQ0000455); and
the Timber Creek lift station consisting of an influent pump station with two (2) submersible pumps each rated
at 700 GPM at 43 feet of TDH; a flow meter; a 28,000 gallon post equalization/aeration basin with three (3)
submersible pumps each rated at 139 GPM and one (1) floating aerator;
to serve the Village of Bald Head Island, with no discharge of wastes to the surface waters, pursuant to the
renewal request received July 12, 2006, and in conformity with the project plan, specifications, and other
supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources
and considered a part of this permit.
This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until September 30, 2011, shall void Permit
No. WQ0000193 issued May 5, 2006, and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and
limitations:

I. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
In the event that the facilities fail to perform satisfactorily, including the creation of nuisance
conditions, the Permittee shall take immediate corrective actions, including those actions that may
be required by the Division of Water Quality (Division), such as the construction of additional or
replacement wastewater treatment or disposal facilities.
2. The issuance of this permit shall not relieve the Permittee of the responsibility for damages to
surface or groundwaters resulting from the operation of this facility.
Any residuals generated from these treatment facilities must be disposed in accordance with
General Statute 143-215.1 and in a manner approved by the Division.
4. The following buffers shall be maintained:
a. 10 feet between infiltration lagoons and any on -property residential units that are to be sold
(e.g., condominiums, subdivisions),
b. 500 feet between infiltration lagoons and any impounded public surface water supply or
public shallow (less than 50 feet deep) ground water supply,
c. 100 feet between infiltration lagoons and any private or public water supply source,
d. 100 feet between infiltration lagoons and any streams classified as WS or B,
e. 100 feet from mean high water between infiltration lagoons and any "SA" or "SB" classified
surface waters,
f. 100 feet from normal high water between infiltration lagoons and any other stream, canal,
marsh, or coastal waters,
g. 100 feet from normal high water between infiltration lagoons and any Class I or Class H
impounded reservoir used as a source of drinking water,
h. 100 feet between infiltration lagoons and any other lake or impoundment,
i. 15 feet between infiltration lagoons and any building foundation/basement,
j. 15 feet between infiltration lagoons and any top of slope of embankments or cuts of two feet
or more in vertical height,
k. 10 feet between infiltration lagoons and any water line from a disposal system,
1. 100 feet between infiltration lagoons and any swimming pool,
in. 20 feet between infiltration lagoons and any other nitrification field (except repair area),
n. 100 feet between infiltration lagoons and any well with the exception of an approved
groundwater monitoring well,
o. 25 feet between infiltration lagoons and any Drainage systems (ditches, drains, surface water
diversions, etc.) and from any groundwater lowering and surface drainage ditches,
p. 50 feet between treatment units and property lines,
q. 50 feet between infiltration lagoons and public right of ways,
r. 100 feet between wastewater treatment units and wells,
s. 50 feet between infiltration lagoons and property lines.
Some of the buffers specified above may not have been included in previous permits for this
waste treatment and disposal system. These buffers are not intended to prohibit or prevent
modifications, which are required by the Division, to improve performance of the existing
treatment facility. These buffers do, however, apply to modifications of the treatment and
disposal facilities, which are for the purpose of increasing the flow that is tributary to the facility.
These buffers do apply to any expansion or modification of the infiltration areas and apply in
instances in which the sale of property would cause any of the buffers now complied with, for the
treatment and disposal facilities, to be violated. The applicant is advised that any modifications
to the existing facilities will require a permit modification.
5. Diversion or bypassing of the untreated wastewater from the treatment facilities is prohibited.

6. The infiltration lagoon system shall be effectively maintained and operated at all times so that
there is no discharge to the surface waters, nor any contamination of ground waters which will
render them unsatisfactory for normal use. In the event that the facilities fail to perform
satisfactorily, including the creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall take immediate
corrective action, including those actions that may be required by the Division of Water Quality
(Division), such as the construction of additional or replacement treatment or disposal facilities.
7. This permit shall become voidable if the soils fail to adequately assimilate the wastes and may be
rescinded unless the facilities are installed, maintained, and operated in a manner which will
protect the assigned water quality standards of the surface waters and ground waters.
8. Adequate measures shall be taken to divert stormwater from the high rate infiltration area and to
prevent wastewater runoff.
H. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
The facilities shall be properly maintained and operated at all times.
2. Upon classification of the facility by the Water Pollution Control Systems Operators Certification
Commission (WPCSOCC), the Permittee shall employ a certified wastewater treatment plant
operator to be in responsible charge (ORC) of the wastewater treatment facilities. The operator
must hold a certificate of the type and grade at least equivalent to or greater than the classification
assigned to the wastewater treatment facilities by the WPCSOCC. The Permittee must also
employ a certified back-up operator of the appropriate type and grade to comply with the
conditions of 15A NCAC 8G .0202. The ORC of the facility must visit each Class I facility at
least weekly and each Class II, III, and IV facility at least daily, excluding weekends and
holidays, and must properly manage and document daily operation and maintenance of the
facility and must comply with all other conditions of 15A NCAC 8G .0202. Once the facility is
classified, the Permittee must submit a letter to the WPCSOCC, which designates the operator in
responsible charge within thirty days after the wastewater treatment facilities are 50% complete.
The facilities shall be effectively maintained and operated as a non -discharge system to prevent
the discharge of any wastewater outside of the infiltration lagoons.
4. Freeboard in the infiltration lagoons shall not be less than two (2) feet at any time.
No type of wastewater other than that from the Village of Bald Head Island shall be disposed in
the infiltration lagoons. Reverse Osmosis back-flush shall not be disposed of through the
infiltration lagoons. An application for modification to this permit is required to allow Reverse
Osmosis disposal through the infiltration lagoons.
6. Public access to the infiltration lagoons shall be controlled during active site use. Such controls
may include the posting of signs showing the activities being conducted at each site.
7. The screenings removed from the wastewater treatment plant shall be properly disposed in a
sanitary landfill or by other means that are Division approved.
8. An automatically activated standby power source shall be on site and operational at all times. If a
generator is employed as an alternate power supply, it shall be tested weekly by interrupting the
primary power source.
The flow measurement device shall be calibrated annually by a representative of a firm, which is
routinely engaged in the calibration of flow measurement devices. Records of this calibration,
including all information pertinent to the calibration, shall be available during any inspection by
Division staff.

10. The Permittee shall provide for the pump station and force main the following items:
a. Pump on/off elevations located so that 2-8 pumping cycles may be achieved per hour in the
pump station,
b. An air relief valve located at all high points along the force main,
c. A screened vent for the wet well,
d. Fillets located in the wet well at the intersection of the flooring and sidewalls,
e. Three feet of cover (minimum) over the force main or the use of ferrous material where three
feet cannot be maintained,
f. Sufficient devices which will protect the pump station from vandals, and
g. Flood protection if the pump station is located below the 100 -year flood elevation.
11. Diffusers shall be cleaned as needed to ensure that adequate aeration is provided. Records of this
maintenance shall be maintained by the permittee.
III. MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
1. Any monitoring deemed necessary by the Division to insure surface and ground water protection
will be established and an acceptable sampling reporting schedule shall be followed.
2. Influent flow shall be continuously monitored and daily flow values shall be reported on Form
NDMR.
The Permittee shall install an appropriate flow measurement device consistent with approved
engineering and scientific practices to ensure the accuracy and reliability of influent flow
measurement. Flow measurement devices selected shall be capable of measuring flows with a
maximum deviation of less than 10 percent from true flow, accurately calibrated at a minimum of
once per year, and maintained to ensure that the accuracy of the measurements is consistent with
the accepted capability of that type of device. The Permittee shall keep records of flow
measurement device calibration on file for a period of at least three years. At a minimum, data to
be included in this documentation shall be:
a. Date of flow measurement device calibration
b. Name of person performing calibration
c. Percent from true flow
3. As an indicator of proper operation and maintenance, the facility shall produce an effluent in
compliance with the following limitations:
Parameter
Monthly Average
Daily (Instantaneous) Maximum c
Flow
400,000 GPD
BODS (5 -day, 20°C)
10 mg/1
NH3 as N
4 mg/l
TSS
20 mg/l
Fecal Coliform
14 per 100 ml b
43 per 100 ml
The effluent pH shall not be less than 6.0 standard units nor greater than 9.0 standard units.
a Monthly averages for all but fecal coliform shall be the arithmetic mean of all samples
collected during the reporting period.
b
Monthly average for fecal coliform shall be the geometric mean of all samples collected
during the reporting period.
C
Daily maximum shall be the maximum value of all samples collected during the reporting
period.
4

The Permittee shall monitor the effluent from the subject facilities at a point prior to infiltration
for the following parameters:
Parameter
Sampling Point
Sampling Frequency
Type of Sample
Flow
Influent or Effluent
Continuous
Recording
BODS (5 -day, 20°C)
Effluent
*2/Month
Composite
NH3 as N
Effluent
*2/Month
Composite
TSS
Effluent
*2/Month
Composite
Fecal Coliform
Effluent
*2/Month
Grab
Settleable Matter
Effluent
Daily
Grab
NO3
Effluent
**Triannually
Grab
TDS
Effluent
**Triannually
Grab
TOC
Effluent
Triannually
Grab
Chloride
Effluent
Triannually
Grab
pH
Effluent
Triannually
Grab
2/Month sampling frequency only during the months of April through October. During the
remainder of the year, these parameters shall be monitored monthly.
** Triannually sampling shall be conducted during March, July and November.
If Groundwater sampling indicates or predicts problems with the compliance with Groundwater
Standards, this permit will be modified to include additional and/or more restrictive limitations.
4. Freeboard in the infiltration lagoons shall be recorded weekly.
5. Three (3) copies of all monitoring data [as specified in Conditions I1I(2) and III(3)] on Form
NDMR-1 and three (3) copies of all operation and disposal records [as specified in Condition
III(4)] on Form NDAR-1 shall be submitted monthly on or before the last day of the following
month. All information shall be submitted to the following address:
NC Division of Water Quality
Information Processing Unit
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
6. A record shall be maintained of all residuals removed from this facility. The record shall include
the name of the hauler, the permit authorizing the disposal or a letter from a municipality
agreeing to accept the residuals, the date the residuals were hauled, and the volume of residuals
removed.
7. A maintenance log shall be maintained at this facility including, but not limited to, the following
items:
a. Daily sampling results including settleable matter, and dissolved oxygen in the aeration basin
and at the clarifier weir;
b. Visual observations of the plant and plant site;
c. Record of preventative maintenance (changing of filters, adjusting belt tensions, alarm
testing, diffuser inspections and cleanings, etc.);
d. Date of calibration of flow measurement device; and
e. Date and results of power interruption testing on alternate power supply.

8. Noncompliance Notification:
The Permittee shall report by telephone to the Wilmington Regional Office, telephone number
[phone] as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next working day
following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of any of the following:
a. Any occurrence at the wastewater treatment facility which results in the treatment of
significant amounts of wastes which are abnormal in quantity or characteristic, such as the
dumping of the contents of a basin or tank, the known passage of a slug of hazardous
substance through the facility, or any other unusual circumstances;
b. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that renders the facility
incapable of adequate wastewater treatment, such as mechanical or electrical failures of
pumps, aerators, compressors, etc.;
c. Any failure of a pumping station, sewer line, or treatment facility resulting in a by-pass
directly to receiving waters without treatment of all or any portion of the influent to such
station or facility; or
d. Any time that self-monitoring information indicates that the facility is not in compliance with
its permit limitations.
Persons reporting such occurrences by telephone shall also file a written report in letter form
within five (5) days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report must outline the
actions taken or proposed to be taken to ensure that the problem does not recur.
IV. GROUNDWATER REQUIREMENTS
1. Sampling Criteria:
a. Monitor wells MW -1, MW -2, MW -3, MW -4, MW -5, and MW -6 shall be sampled every
March, July and November for the parameters listed below. Prior to sampling the parameters,
the measurement of water levels must be taken. The depth to water in each well shall be
measured from the surveyed point on the top of the casing. The measuring points (top of well
casing) of all monitoring wells shall be surveyed relative to a common datum.
Water Level
Total Phosphorus
Total Organic Carbon
Chloride
Total Ammonia
Volatile Organic Compounds(Sampled in November Only)
Fecal Coliform
Total Dissolved Solids
Nitrate
pH
b. For Total Organic Carbon (TOC), if concentrations greater than 10 mg/l are detected in any
down -gradient monitoring well, additional sampling and analysis must be conducted to
identify the individual constituents comprising this TOC concentration. If the TOC
concentration as measured in the background monitor well exceeds 10 mg/l, this
concentration will be taken to represent the naturally occurring TOC concentration. Any
exceedances of this naturally occurring TOC concentration in the down -gradient wells shall
be subject to the additional sampling and analysis as described above.

c. For Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) sampled in November, use only one of the
following methods:
i. Standard Method 6230D, Practical Quantitation Limit (PQL) at 0.5 gg/L or less
ii. Standard Method 6210, PQL at 0.5 µg/L or less
iii. EPA Method 8021, Low Concentration, PQL at 0.5 µg/L or less
iv. EPA Method 8260, Low Concentration, PQL at 0.5 gg/L or less
v. Another method with prior approval from the Division.
Any of the referenced methods used for VOCs must at a minimum, include all the
constituents listed in Table VIII of Standard Method 6230D. Any method used must provide
a PQL of 0.5 gg/L or less, which must be supported by laboratory proficiency studies as
required by the DWQ Laboratory Certification Unit. Any constituents detected above the
Method Detection Limit (MDL) but below the PQL of 0.5 gg/L must be qualified (estimated)
and reported.
d. Any laboratory selected to analyze parameters must be Division of Water Quality (DWQ)
certified for those parameters required.
2. Reporting / Documentation:
a. All reports and documentation (GW -1, GW -30, GW -59) shall be mailed to the following
address:
NC Division of Water Quality
Information Processing Unit
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1636
Updated blank forms (GW -1, GW -30, GW -59) may be downloaded from
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/aps/gpu/forms.htm or requested from the address mentioned above.
b. The results of the sampling and analysis must be received on Form GW -59 (Groundwater
Quality Monitoring: Compliance Report Form) by the Groundwater Section (address listed in
the "Reporting / Documentation" section of the Groundwater Requirements), on or before
the last working day of the month following the sampling month. The data of all
groundwater sampling analyses required by the permit conditions must be reported using the
most recent GW -59 form along with attached copies of the laboratory analyses.
3. Applicable Boundaries:
a. The COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY for the disposal system is specified by regulations in 15A
NCAC 2L, Groundwater Classifications and Standards. The Compliance Boundary for the
disposal system individually permitted after December 31, 1983 is established at either 250
feet from the waste disposal area, or 50 feet within the property boundary, whichever is
closest to the waste disposal area. An exceedance of Groundwater Quality Standards at or
beyond the Compliance Boundary is subject to immediate remediation action according to
15A NCAC 2L .0106(d)(2).
b. The REVIEW BOUNDARY is established around the disposal systems midway between the
Compliance Boundary and the perimeter of the waste disposal area. Any exceedance of
standards at the Review Boundary shall require action in accordance with 15A NCAC 2L
.0106(d)(1).

V. INSPECTIONS
1. Adequate inspection, maintenance and cleaning shall be provided by the Permittee to insure
proper operation of the subject facilities.
The Permittee or his designee shall inspect the groundwater recovery and treatment facilities to
prevent malfunctions and deterioration, operator errors and discharges which may cause or lead to
the release of wastes to the environment, a threat to human health, or a nuisance. The Permittee
shall maintain an inspection log or summary including at least the date and time of inspection,
observations made, and any maintenance, repairs, or corrective actions taken by the Permittee.
This log of inspections shall be maintained by the Permittee for a period of three years from the
date of the inspection and shall be made available to the Division or other permitting authority,
upon request.
3. Any duly authorized officer, employee, or representative of the Division may, upon presentation
of credentials, enter and inspect any property, premises or place on or related to the disposal site
or facility at any reasonable time for the purpose of determining compliance with this permit, may
inspect or copy any records that must be maintained under the terms and conditions of this
permit, and may obtain samples of groundwater, surface water, or leachate.
VI. GENERAL CONDITIONS
1. This permit shall become voidable unless the facilities are constructed in accordance with the
conditions of this permit, the approved plans and specifications, and other supporting data.
2. This permit is effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in the
application and other supporting data.
This permit is not transferable. In the event there is a desire for the facilities to change
ownership, or there is a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request must be submitted
to the Division accompanied by an application fee, documentation from the parties involved, and
other supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request will be considered
on its merits and may or may not be approved.
4. The subject wastewater treatment and disposal facilities shall be connected to an operational
publicly owned wastewater collection system within 180 days of its availability to the subject
facilities, if the subject wastewater treatment or disposal facilities are in noncompliance with the
terms and conditions of this non -discharge permit or the governing statutes or regulations. Prior
to the initiation of these connection activities, appropriate approval must be received from this
Division.
5. A set of approved plans and specifications for the subject project must be retained by the
Permittee for the life of this project.
6. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit may subject the
Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division in accordance with North Carolina General
Statute 143-215.6A to 143-215.6C.
7. The annual administering and compliance fee must be paid by the Permittee within thirty (30)
days after being billed by the Division. Failure to pay the fee accordingly may cause the Division
to initiate action to revoke this permit as specified by 15A NCAC 2H .0205 (c)(4).
The issuance of this permit does not preclude the Permittee from complying with any and all
statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances, which may be imposed by other government agencies
(local, state, and federal), which have jurisdiction.

9. The Permittee, at least six (6) months prior to the expiration of this permit, shall request its
extension. Upon receipt of the request, the Commission will review the adequacy of the facilities
described therein, and if warranted, will extend the permit for such period of time and under such
conditions and limitations as it may deem appropriate.
10. This permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued to incorporate any conditions, limitations
and monitoring requirements the Division of Water Quality deems necessary in order to
adequately protect the environment and public health.
Permit issued this the 6`h day of October, 2006
NORTH C LINA E ONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION
Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission
Permit Number WQ0000193
E

Fa ra"��yiy"lhyw�uT
+3