HomeMy WebLinkAbout20180333 Ver 1_Structure 970016 Wilson No NRHP Archaeological Sites Present Form_20180308Project Tracictng No.:
17-08-0010
NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
o��� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES .� `�y`�
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"¢ o�°_ '�' This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not �;�•�..,.� ";.�'��
�� �� valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the �.�4�
Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group.
PROJECT INFORMATION
Project No.
WBS No:
F.A. No:
Structure 970016
17BP.4.R.86
N/A
Federal Permit Required?
County: Wilson
Document: State MCC
Funding: � State ❑ Federal
� Yes ❑ No Permit Type.• USACE
Project Description: NCDOT's Division 4 proposes to replace Bridge No. 16 on SR 1632 (Pelt Road)
over Ivy Swamp in Wilson County. Bridge No. 16 was built in 1952 and is considered to be structurally
deficient and functionally obsolete; therefore, it has been scheduled to be replaced. The Study Area for
the project will be centered on the bridge and measure about 100 feet wide (i.e. 50 feet from centerline)
and about 200 feet from either end of the bridge. Overall, the Study Area will encompass about 42,829
square feet (0.98 acre), inclusive of the existing roadway and structure to be replaced.
SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject
project and determined:
� There are no National Register listed or eligible ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present within the
project's area of potential effects. (Attach any notes or documents as needed)
❑ No subsurface archaeological investigations were required for this project.
❑ Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources.
� Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources considered
eligible for the National Register.
� All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all
compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation
Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project.
Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions:
This project was accepted on Wednesday, August 23, 2017. A map review and site file search was
conducted at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) on Friday, August 18, 2017. An archaeological
survey at this particular location has never been conducted, but two (2) archaeological sites have been
recorded within one (1) mile of the proposed project. Digital copies of HPO's maps (Stantonsburg
Quadrangle) as well as the HPOWEB GIS Service (http://gis.ncdcr.gov/hpoweb/) were last reviewed on
Tuesday, September 12, 2017. There are no known historic architectural resources located within or
adjacent to the Study Area for which intact archaeological deposits would be anticipated within the
footprint of the proposed project. In addition, topographic maps, historic maps (NCMaps website),
USDA soil survey maps, and aerial photographs were utilized and inspected to gauge environmental
factors that may have contributed to historic or prehistoric settlement within the project limits, and to
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT "
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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assess the level of modern, slope, agricultural, hydrological, and other erosive-type disturbances within
and surrounding the Study Area.
As stated in the Survey Required Form, "Although State funds will be utilized for this project, a Federal
permit will be required. Permanent and/or temporary utility and/or drainage easements will not be
necessary. Additional ROW will also not be required. The overall dimensions of the Study Area will
capture any areas to be impacted beyond what is already owned and maintained by the NCDOT or what
may be defined as the Permit Area. At this time, we are in compliance with NC GS 121-12a since there
are no known eligible (i.e. National Register-listed) archaeological resources located within the project's
Study Area that would require our attention. Based on the description of the proposed project and the size
of the Study Area, the Permit Area may extend beyond the NCDOT's existing 60-foot ROW along SR
1632 (Pelt Road). From an environmental perspective, the Study Area falls within a rural setting in the
Coastal Plain physiographic province in the east-central part of North Carolina, and is composed of two
(2) soil types: Wehadkee and Chewacla loams (Wh) and State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes (StA). Although
poorly drained and somewhat poorly drained soils (i.e. Wh) are present, small portions of the Study Area
consist of well-drained soils (i.e. StA) on terraces overlooking the drainage being crossed. Therefore, the
preservation of intact archaeological resources may be anticipated. Additionally, the Office of State
Archaeology (OSA) has reviewed several projects within the vicinity of Bridge No. 16 for environmental
compliance, all of which were borrow pits/mines (ERs 90-7525, 99-7548, 04-1147, 11-0313, and 12-
0172). No archaeological surveys were recommended for any of these projects, based primarily on the
lack of recorded sites in the area. In fact, one review stated, "possibility of sites but don't have time to
check it out." Within five (5) miles of the Study Area, NCDOT's Archaeology Group has reviewed only
one (1) transportation-related project (see PA 12-OS-0038 [Bridge No. 36 on SR 1542 over an Unnamed
Tributary of Toisnot Swamp]) for environmental compliance under the Programmatic Agreement (PA)
with the State Historic Preservation Office (NC-HPO). An archaeological survey was recommended,
based on the presence of favorable soil conditions and archaeological sites recorded nearby in similar
topogaphical situations. However, no archaeological sites were documented as a result of that survey.
Nevertheless, based on the information provided, an archaeological survey is recommended for the
proposed project. A visual inspection of the entire Study Area should be conducted, followed then by
systematic archaeological excavations within areas of moderate to high archaeological probability, if
deemed necessary. None of the property within the Study Area that requires further investigation is
owned by the State of North Carolina so a State Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) permit
should not be necessary. Should the description of this project change or design plans be made available
prior to construction, additional consultation regarding archaeology will be required."
Field investigations for the replacement of Bridge No. 16 occurred on Wednesday, November 1, 2017,
and were comprised of a pedestrian survey to locate and assess potentially significant archaeological
resources that could be damaged or destroyed by the proposed project as described above. The entire
extent of the project's Study Area was visually inspected in order to determine the need for excavations.
Based on current soil conditions and vegetation within the Study Area, the excavation of shovel tests
occurred only within the Northwest and Northeast Quadrants. Both the Southwest and Southeast
Quadrants consisted of hydric soils and showed signs of obvious disturbances (e.g. expanded ditchlines
and major earthmoving activities for the creation of a berm along Ivy Swamp). In addition, current
LiDAR data reveals the true extent of the drainage at Bridge No. 16 and the landforms to either side that
were surveyed. It should be noted that the Study Area extends about 15-20 feet beyond the existing ROW
along SR 1632 (Pelt Road). Despite such a limited area, two (2) archaeological sites were documented as
a result of this investigation and were recorded as Sites 31 WL377/377** and 31 WL378 with the Office of
State Archaeology (OSA).
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT "
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
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Site 31WL377/377**
Site Size: at least 180 square meters (�0.04 acre)
Topo�raphv: Upland Flat
Elevation: 58 feet amsl
Environmental Settin�: Sparsely wooded area along the southern edge of an old borrow pit
Soil Tvne: State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes (StA)
Nearest Water: Ivy Swamp, a tributary of Contentnea Creek, which is about 600 feet to the north
Surface Visibilitv: None
Field Procedure: Pedestrian Inspection and Shovel Tests (n=3)
Cultural Affiliation: Non-diagnostic prehistoric/historic scatter
Site Function: Two Isolates (i.e. 1 piece of whiteware and 1 flake)
Site Inte.r��itX: Poar
Site Description: Site 31WL377/377** was iirst identified during shovel testing efforts in a wooded
area along the southern edge of an old borrow pit, west of Ivy Swamp. Shovel Test 2 was positive for a
prehistoric flake fragment. A radial shovel test (i.e. Shovel Test 3) was excavated to the west, but not to
the north, east, and south due to disturbances from the ditch, the old borrow pit, and the swamp. One
additional artifact (a rim fragment of whiteware) was recovered from Shovel Test 3. The positive
shovel tests were within the State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes, soil goup (StA). The soil profile at the
site included 8 to 13 cm of dark brown (lOYR 3/3) loamy sand overlying 21 to 30 cm of light yellowish
brown (lOYR 6/4) loamy sand, followed by 8 cm of very pale brown (lOYR 7/4) loamy sand, and
terminating in a reddish yellow (7.SY 6/4) sandy clay loam with red mottles.
Recommendation: Two artifacts were recovered from Site 31WL377/377** including one historic
ceramic and one metavolcanic late-stage flake fragment. The dearth of cultural material and the lack of
subplowzone deposits limit any meaningful discussion of cultural context. The site lacks variety,
clarity, integrity, and context. The artifacts from the site represent a limited variety of functional
categories. The site is limited in size and appears to represent an isolated find rather than a substantive
occupation. Given the nature of borrow pit excavation, these artifacts may have been recovered from
redeposited or disturbed contexts thus explaining the overall lack of clarity and integrity at the site.
Therefore, Site 31 WL377/377** is recommended as not eligible for the NRHP. It should be noted that
Site 31 WL377/377** extends beyond the limits of the Study Area; further refinement of the site's
limits and additional assessment of its NRHP eligibility were beyond the scope of this project.
Site 31WL378
Site Size: at least 200 square meters (�0.05 acre)
Topo�raphy: Upland Flat
Elevation: 62 feet amsl
Environmental Settin�: Dense, secondary growth
Soil Tvne: State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes (StA)
Nearest Water: Ivy Swamp, a tributary of Contentnea Creek, which is about 600 feet to the north
Surface Visibilitv: None
Field Procedure: Pedestrian Inspection and Shovel Tests (n=3)
Cultural Affiliation: Woodland Period
Site Function: Prehistoric Lithic Scatter (3) with Native American Ceramic (1)
Site Inte�y: Poor
Site Description: Site 31 WL378 was identified during shovel testing efforts along the T1 terrace, east of
Ivy Swamp. A review of aerial imagery shows that this landform has been clear-cut, explaining the dense
secondary growth in this quadrant of the project area. Shovel Test 4 was positive for a prehistoric biface,
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT "
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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which could be considered a production failure. A radial shovel test (i.e. Shovel Test 5) was then
excavated to the east, but not to the north or west based on the limits of the Study Area and the change in
topography (i.e. floodplain of the swamp). An additional radial shovel test (i.e. Shovel Test 6) was
excavated to the south once it was determined that both Shovel Tests 4 and 5 were located beyond the
limits of the Study Area. A retouch/sharpening flake was recovered from Shovel Test 5 whereas Shovel
Test 6 contained a piece of shatter as well as one Native American ceramic sherd. The positive shovel
tests were within the State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes, soil group (StA). The soil profile at the site included
11 to 17 cm of dark yellowish brown (lOYR 4/4 and lOYR 3/4) loamy sand, overlying 13 to 16 cm of
brownish yellow ( lOYR 6/6) or yellowish brown ( lOYR 5/6) loamy sand, terminating in a brownish
yellow (lOYR 6/6) clay loam.
Recommendation: Only four artifacts were recovered from Site 31 WL378. The dearth of cultural
material recovered from this site and lack of sub-plowzone deposits limits any meaningful discussion of
cultural context. A late-stage biface (possibly even a production failure), a retouch/sharpening flake, and
a piece of inetavolcanic shatter make up the lithic assemblage. The Native American ceramic assemblage
consists of a sand- and grit-tempered pottery sherd with an indeterminate surface treatment. The eroded
surface prevented a temparal typological identification. While the presence of ceramic material suggests
a somewhat more extended site occupation (as ceramics are considered less portable cultural materials)
the recovery of only one sherd cannot be used as evidence far the existence of any specific activity areas.
Due to the lack of intact soils and any additional artifacts, the portion of Site WL378 located within the
Study Area does not have the potential to yield significant information regarding the prehistory of the
region and is recommended not eligible for the NRHP; no further work is recommended within the Study
Area. However, it should be noted that Site 31 WL378 extends beyond the limits of the Study Area;
further reiinement of the site's limits and additional assessment of its NRHP eligibility were beyond the
scope of this project.
SUMMARY
Additional fieldwork within the Study Area is unlikely to provide any significant or substantial amounts
of archaeological data. Therefore, it is recommended that additional archaeological work should not be
required. Based on the recommendations put forth (see above), a finding of "No NRHP-Eligible or -
Listed Archaeological Sites Present" within the Study Area is considered appropriate in association with
the proposed project. However, should the description of this project or design plans change prior to
construction, then additional consultation regarding archaeology may be required. If archaeological
materials are uncovered during project activities, then such resources will be dealt with according to the
procedures set forth for "unanticipated discoveries," to include notification of NCDOT's Archaeology
Group.
SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION
See attached: � Map(s)
Signed:
❑ Previous Survey Info � Photos ❑Correspondence
November 15, 2017
NCDOT ARCHAEO�G(�GIST Date
v
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT "
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Figure 1: Stantonsburg, NC (USGS 1978).
Figure 2: Soil Map, North Carolina, Wilson County Sl�eet (Hearn et al. 1925) (online resource:
http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdin/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/330/rec/19, last accessed 8 Nov 2017).
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER �LIGIBLE OR LlSTED ARCIIAEOLOG/C'AL SITES PRESENT "
form %or� Mi�ior� Transyortation Projects aa� Qiralified rn the 1007 Pro�rammsaXic Agreerr�ent.
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P11oto 1: Southwest Quadrant, looking South.
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"NO NATIONAL REGISTER �LIGIBLE OR LlSTED ARCIIAEOLOG/C'AL SITES PRESENT "
form %or� Mi�ior� Transyortation Projects aa� Qiralified rn the 1007 Pro�rammsaXic Agreerr�ent.
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Photo 3: Northeast Quadrant, looking North (area of Site 31 WL378).
P11oto 4: Area of Old Borrow Pit, looking North (north of Site 31 WL377/377**).
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER �LIGIBLE OR LlSTED ARCIIAEOLOG/C'AL SITES PRESENT "
form %or� Mi�ior� Transyortation Projects aa� Qiralified rn the 1007 Pro�rammsaXic Agreerr�ent.
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