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HomeMy WebLinkAbout20180333 Ver 1_Structure 970016 Wilson No NRHP Archaeological Sites Present Form_20180308Project Tracictng No.: 17-08-0010 NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES o��� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES .� `�y`� $�a�� ��' � ':Q,: :� '' �` PRESENT FORM i�' � � :��p� �:� �=` "¢ o�°_ '�' This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not �;�•�..,.� ";.�'�� �� �� valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the �.�4� Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group. PROJECT INFORMATION Project No. WBS No: F.A. No: Structure 970016 17BP.4.R.86 N/A Federal Permit Required? County: Wilson Document: State MCC Funding: � State ❑ Federal � Yes ❑ No Permit Type.• USACE Project Description: NCDOT's Division 4 proposes to replace Bridge No. 16 on SR 1632 (Pelt Road) over Ivy Swamp in Wilson County. Bridge No. 16 was built in 1952 and is considered to be structurally deficient and functionally obsolete; therefore, it has been scheduled to be replaced. The Study Area for the project will be centered on the bridge and measure about 100 feet wide (i.e. 50 feet from centerline) and about 200 feet from either end of the bridge. Overall, the Study Area will encompass about 42,829 square feet (0.98 acre), inclusive of the existing roadway and structure to be replaced. SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject project and determined: � There are no National Register listed or eligible ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present within the project's area of potential effects. (Attach any notes or documents as needed) ❑ No subsurface archaeological investigations were required for this project. ❑ Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources. � Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources considered eligible for the National Register. � All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project. Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions: This project was accepted on Wednesday, August 23, 2017. A map review and site file search was conducted at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) on Friday, August 18, 2017. An archaeological survey at this particular location has never been conducted, but two (2) archaeological sites have been recorded within one (1) mile of the proposed project. Digital copies of HPO's maps (Stantonsburg Quadrangle) as well as the HPOWEB GIS Service (http://gis.ncdcr.gov/hpoweb/) were last reviewed on Tuesday, September 12, 2017. There are no known historic architectural resources located within or adjacent to the Study Area for which intact archaeological deposits would be anticipated within the footprint of the proposed project. In addition, topographic maps, historic maps (NCMaps website), USDA soil survey maps, and aerial photographs were utilized and inspected to gauge environmental factors that may have contributed to historic or prehistoric settlement within the project limits, and to "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT " form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 1 of 7 Project Tracking No.: 17-08-0010 assess the level of modern, slope, agricultural, hydrological, and other erosive-type disturbances within and surrounding the Study Area. As stated in the Survey Required Form, "Although State funds will be utilized for this project, a Federal permit will be required. Permanent and/or temporary utility and/or drainage easements will not be necessary. Additional ROW will also not be required. The overall dimensions of the Study Area will capture any areas to be impacted beyond what is already owned and maintained by the NCDOT or what may be defined as the Permit Area. At this time, we are in compliance with NC GS 121-12a since there are no known eligible (i.e. National Register-listed) archaeological resources located within the project's Study Area that would require our attention. Based on the description of the proposed project and the size of the Study Area, the Permit Area may extend beyond the NCDOT's existing 60-foot ROW along SR 1632 (Pelt Road). From an environmental perspective, the Study Area falls within a rural setting in the Coastal Plain physiographic province in the east-central part of North Carolina, and is composed of two (2) soil types: Wehadkee and Chewacla loams (Wh) and State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes (StA). Although poorly drained and somewhat poorly drained soils (i.e. Wh) are present, small portions of the Study Area consist of well-drained soils (i.e. StA) on terraces overlooking the drainage being crossed. Therefore, the preservation of intact archaeological resources may be anticipated. Additionally, the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) has reviewed several projects within the vicinity of Bridge No. 16 for environmental compliance, all of which were borrow pits/mines (ERs 90-7525, 99-7548, 04-1147, 11-0313, and 12- 0172). No archaeological surveys were recommended for any of these projects, based primarily on the lack of recorded sites in the area. In fact, one review stated, "possibility of sites but don't have time to check it out." Within five (5) miles of the Study Area, NCDOT's Archaeology Group has reviewed only one (1) transportation-related project (see PA 12-OS-0038 [Bridge No. 36 on SR 1542 over an Unnamed Tributary of Toisnot Swamp]) for environmental compliance under the Programmatic Agreement (PA) with the State Historic Preservation Office (NC-HPO). An archaeological survey was recommended, based on the presence of favorable soil conditions and archaeological sites recorded nearby in similar topogaphical situations. However, no archaeological sites were documented as a result of that survey. Nevertheless, based on the information provided, an archaeological survey is recommended for the proposed project. A visual inspection of the entire Study Area should be conducted, followed then by systematic archaeological excavations within areas of moderate to high archaeological probability, if deemed necessary. None of the property within the Study Area that requires further investigation is owned by the State of North Carolina so a State Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) permit should not be necessary. Should the description of this project change or design plans be made available prior to construction, additional consultation regarding archaeology will be required." Field investigations for the replacement of Bridge No. 16 occurred on Wednesday, November 1, 2017, and were comprised of a pedestrian survey to locate and assess potentially significant archaeological resources that could be damaged or destroyed by the proposed project as described above. The entire extent of the project's Study Area was visually inspected in order to determine the need for excavations. Based on current soil conditions and vegetation within the Study Area, the excavation of shovel tests occurred only within the Northwest and Northeast Quadrants. Both the Southwest and Southeast Quadrants consisted of hydric soils and showed signs of obvious disturbances (e.g. expanded ditchlines and major earthmoving activities for the creation of a berm along Ivy Swamp). In addition, current LiDAR data reveals the true extent of the drainage at Bridge No. 16 and the landforms to either side that were surveyed. It should be noted that the Study Area extends about 15-20 feet beyond the existing ROW along SR 1632 (Pelt Road). Despite such a limited area, two (2) archaeological sites were documented as a result of this investigation and were recorded as Sites 31 WL377/377** and 31 WL378 with the Office of State Archaeology (OSA). "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT " form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 2 of 7 Project Tracking No.: 17-08-0010 Site 31WL377/377** Site Size: at least 180 square meters (�0.04 acre) Topo�raphv: Upland Flat Elevation: 58 feet amsl Environmental Settin�: Sparsely wooded area along the southern edge of an old borrow pit Soil Tvne: State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes (StA) Nearest Water: Ivy Swamp, a tributary of Contentnea Creek, which is about 600 feet to the north Surface Visibilitv: None Field Procedure: Pedestrian Inspection and Shovel Tests (n=3) Cultural Affiliation: Non-diagnostic prehistoric/historic scatter Site Function: Two Isolates (i.e. 1 piece of whiteware and 1 flake) Site Inte.r��itX: Poar Site Description: Site 31WL377/377** was iirst identified during shovel testing efforts in a wooded area along the southern edge of an old borrow pit, west of Ivy Swamp. Shovel Test 2 was positive for a prehistoric flake fragment. A radial shovel test (i.e. Shovel Test 3) was excavated to the west, but not to the north, east, and south due to disturbances from the ditch, the old borrow pit, and the swamp. One additional artifact (a rim fragment of whiteware) was recovered from Shovel Test 3. The positive shovel tests were within the State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes, soil goup (StA). The soil profile at the site included 8 to 13 cm of dark brown (lOYR 3/3) loamy sand overlying 21 to 30 cm of light yellowish brown (lOYR 6/4) loamy sand, followed by 8 cm of very pale brown (lOYR 7/4) loamy sand, and terminating in a reddish yellow (7.SY 6/4) sandy clay loam with red mottles. Recommendation: Two artifacts were recovered from Site 31WL377/377** including one historic ceramic and one metavolcanic late-stage flake fragment. The dearth of cultural material and the lack of subplowzone deposits limit any meaningful discussion of cultural context. The site lacks variety, clarity, integrity, and context. The artifacts from the site represent a limited variety of functional categories. The site is limited in size and appears to represent an isolated find rather than a substantive occupation. Given the nature of borrow pit excavation, these artifacts may have been recovered from redeposited or disturbed contexts thus explaining the overall lack of clarity and integrity at the site. Therefore, Site 31 WL377/377** is recommended as not eligible for the NRHP. It should be noted that Site 31 WL377/377** extends beyond the limits of the Study Area; further refinement of the site's limits and additional assessment of its NRHP eligibility were beyond the scope of this project. Site 31WL378 Site Size: at least 200 square meters (�0.05 acre) Topo�raphy: Upland Flat Elevation: 62 feet amsl Environmental Settin�: Dense, secondary growth Soil Tvne: State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes (StA) Nearest Water: Ivy Swamp, a tributary of Contentnea Creek, which is about 600 feet to the north Surface Visibilitv: None Field Procedure: Pedestrian Inspection and Shovel Tests (n=3) Cultural Affiliation: Woodland Period Site Function: Prehistoric Lithic Scatter (3) with Native American Ceramic (1) Site Inte�y: Poor Site Description: Site 31 WL378 was identified during shovel testing efforts along the T1 terrace, east of Ivy Swamp. A review of aerial imagery shows that this landform has been clear-cut, explaining the dense secondary growth in this quadrant of the project area. Shovel Test 4 was positive for a prehistoric biface, "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT " form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 3 of 7 Project Tracking No.: 17-08-0010 which could be considered a production failure. A radial shovel test (i.e. Shovel Test 5) was then excavated to the east, but not to the north or west based on the limits of the Study Area and the change in topography (i.e. floodplain of the swamp). An additional radial shovel test (i.e. Shovel Test 6) was excavated to the south once it was determined that both Shovel Tests 4 and 5 were located beyond the limits of the Study Area. A retouch/sharpening flake was recovered from Shovel Test 5 whereas Shovel Test 6 contained a piece of shatter as well as one Native American ceramic sherd. The positive shovel tests were within the State loamy sand, 0-3% slopes, soil group (StA). The soil profile at the site included 11 to 17 cm of dark yellowish brown (lOYR 4/4 and lOYR 3/4) loamy sand, overlying 13 to 16 cm of brownish yellow ( lOYR 6/6) or yellowish brown ( lOYR 5/6) loamy sand, terminating in a brownish yellow (lOYR 6/6) clay loam. Recommendation: Only four artifacts were recovered from Site 31 WL378. The dearth of cultural material recovered from this site and lack of sub-plowzone deposits limits any meaningful discussion of cultural context. A late-stage biface (possibly even a production failure), a retouch/sharpening flake, and a piece of inetavolcanic shatter make up the lithic assemblage. The Native American ceramic assemblage consists of a sand- and grit-tempered pottery sherd with an indeterminate surface treatment. The eroded surface prevented a temparal typological identification. While the presence of ceramic material suggests a somewhat more extended site occupation (as ceramics are considered less portable cultural materials) the recovery of only one sherd cannot be used as evidence far the existence of any specific activity areas. Due to the lack of intact soils and any additional artifacts, the portion of Site WL378 located within the Study Area does not have the potential to yield significant information regarding the prehistory of the region and is recommended not eligible for the NRHP; no further work is recommended within the Study Area. However, it should be noted that Site 31 WL378 extends beyond the limits of the Study Area; further reiinement of the site's limits and additional assessment of its NRHP eligibility were beyond the scope of this project. SUMMARY Additional fieldwork within the Study Area is unlikely to provide any significant or substantial amounts of archaeological data. Therefore, it is recommended that additional archaeological work should not be required. Based on the recommendations put forth (see above), a finding of "No NRHP-Eligible or - Listed Archaeological Sites Present" within the Study Area is considered appropriate in association with the proposed project. However, should the description of this project or design plans change prior to construction, then additional consultation regarding archaeology may be required. If archaeological materials are uncovered during project activities, then such resources will be dealt with according to the procedures set forth for "unanticipated discoveries," to include notification of NCDOT's Archaeology Group. SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION See attached: � Map(s) Signed: ❑ Previous Survey Info � Photos ❑Correspondence November 15, 2017 NCDOT ARCHAEO�G(�GIST Date v "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT " form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 4of7 Project Track:rr�g No.: 1 / -O0-001 O Figure 1: Stantonsburg, NC (USGS 1978). Figure 2: Soil Map, North Carolina, Wilson County Sl�eet (Hearn et al. 1925) (online resource: http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdin/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/330/rec/19, last accessed 8 Nov 2017). "NO NATIONAL REGISTER �LIGIBLE OR LlSTED ARCIIAEOLOG/C'AL SITES PRESENT " form %or� Mi�ior� Transyortation Projects aa� Qiralified rn the 1007 Pro�rammsaXic Agreerr�ent. 5 of 7 Project Track:rr�g No.: 1 / -O0-001 O P11oto 1: Southwest Quadrant, looking South. +��;�. '� ,,- - ., ,. ,;�' �' :A �- � �f ��� � ` � ,;`' � � �4 _ ���.L y A `;�" � .s 1 �. �� �a{` . . 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