20140957 Ver 2_Guide To Surface Freshwater Classification in NC 2009_20170622

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SURFACE FRESHWATER CLASSIFICATIONS
USED IN NORTH CAROLINA
WHAT ARE SURFACE WATER CLASSIFICATIONS?
Surface Water Classifications are designations applied to surface water bodies, such as
streams, rivers and lakes, which define the best uses to be protected within these waters
(for example swimming, fishing, drinking water supply). Each classification has an
associated set of water quality standards to protect those uses. Surface water
classifications are one tool that state and federal agencies use to manage and protect all
streams, rivers, lakes, and other surface waters in North Carolina. Classifications and
their associated protection rules may be designed to protect water quality, fish and
wildlife, the free flowing nature ofa stream or river, or other special characteristics.
HOW DO CLASSIFICATIONS AFFECT ME?
Before you buy property, plan a new development project, construct a new road or
undertake other land use activities, you should check with local, state and federal
agencies about the assigned surface water classification for the waterbody on your
property. Many classifications, especially those designed to protect drinking water
su oplies and certain high quality waters, have protection rules which may affect land use
and other activities.
WHY DO THEY SOMETIMES OVERLAP?
Many streams' rivers and lakes may have several classifications applied to the same
area Th is is becau se surface waters are classified to protect different uses or special
characteristics ofthe waterbody. For example, a stream or specific stream segment may
be classified as Class WS -111 Tr HQW by the NC Division ofWater Quality (DWQ). This
protects it as a drinking water supply (WS -111), as Trout Waters Jr) and as High Quality
Waters (HQW). The stream segments upstream or downstream may have different
classifications based on other water uses or stream characteristics.
HOW DO I DETERMINE MY STREAM'S CLASSIFICATION?
DWQ classifies all surface waters. Use the classification search capabilities at
hftp://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/bims/Reputs/reports.html. You can also call DWQ in Raleigh,
[phone], or any of our regional offices. Contact other agencies listed in this
brochure for any oftheir classifications which may apply.
HOW CAN THIS BROCHURE HELP ME?
This brochure provides an overview of the various surface freshwater classifications
used in North Carolina and their effect on different land uses or other human activities. It
is based on the classifications and their associated rules as of March 2009.
Classifications and their rules are regularly updated and revised, so check with the
appropriate agen c ies before starting any project.
The rules presented in this document are based on the minimum protection rules ofstate
and federal agencies. Local governments, in most cases, can adopt more stringent land
use or water resource protection requirements. Check with local government agencies
that have jurisdiction over your land for local rules and procedures that may apply.
WHERE CAN I GET MORE INFORMATION?
More detailed information is available from the Division of Water Quality's (or DWQ's)
Planning Section, 1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, N.C. 27699-1617,[phone],
or 807-6305. Additional information, including stream classifications, may be obtained
on DWQ 's website at: hftp://h2o.enr.state.nc.us.
DWQ CENTRAL AND REGIONAL OFFICES (R.O.)
Central Office
DENR - Division ofWater Quality
1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27699-1617 Courier 52-01-00
T: [phone], F: [phone]
Asheville Regional Office (ARO)
Roger Edwards, Surface Water Protection Supervisor
Landon Davidson, Aquifer Protection Supervisor
2090 US Highway 70, Swannanoa, NC 28778
Courier 12-59-01, T [phone], F [phone]
Avery Haywood P Ilk
Buncombe Henders n Rutherford
Burke Jackson Swain
Caldwell M:con Transylvania
Cherokee M dison Yancey
Clay McDowell
Graham Mitchell
Washington Regional Office (WaRO)
Al Hodge, Surface Water Prote�tion Supervisor
David May, Aquifer Protection Supervisor
943 Washington Square Mail
Washington, NC 27889
Courier 16-04-01, T [phone]
F [phone] F [phone]
Beaufort Gates Pamlico
Bertie Greene Pasquotank
Camden Hertford Perquimans
Chowan Hyde Pitt
Craven as Tyrrell
Cu tuck
:ri Lenoir Washington
D a Martin Wayne
Raleigh Regional Office (RRO)
Danny Smith, Surface Water Protection Supervisor
Jay Zimmerman, Aquifer Protection Supervisor
3800 Barrett Drive, Raleigh , NC 27609
Couri er 52-01-00, T ( 919) 791-4200, F [phone]
Chath . Johnston Vance
Durham Lee Wake
Edgecombe Nash Warren
Franklin Northampton Wilson
Granville Orange
Halifax Person
Mooresville Regional Office (MRO)
Rob Krebs, Surface Water Protection Supervisor
Andrew Pitner, Aquifer Protection Supervisor
610 East Center Avenue / Suite 301
Mooresville, NC 28115
Courier 09-08-06, T [phone], F [phone]
Alexander Gaston Rowan
Calbarrus lredell Stanly
Catawba Lincoln Union
Cleveland Mecklenburg
Fayetteville Regional Office (FRO)
Belinda Henson, Surface Water Protection Supervisor
Art Barnhardt, Aquifer Protection Supervisor
225 Green Street, Systel Building Suite 714
Fayetteville, NC 28301-5043
Courier 14-56-25, T [phone], F [phone]
A son Hoke Robeson
Bladen Montgomery Sampson
Cumberland Moore Scotland
Harnett Richmond
Wilmington Regional Office (WiRO)
Rick Shiver, Surface Water Protection Supervisor
Charlie Stehman, Aquifer Protection Supervisor
127 Cardinal Drive Extension, Wimington, NC 28405 2845
Courier 04-16-33, T [phone], F [phone]
Brunswick Duplin Onslow
Carteret New Pander
Columbus H anover
Winston-Salem Regional Office (WSRO)
Steve Tedder, Surface Water Protection Supervisor
Sherri Knight, Aquifer Protection Supervisor
585 Waughtown Street, Winston-Salem, NC 27107
Courier 13-15-01, T [phone], F [phone]
Alarnance Davie Stokes
Allegheny Forsyth Burry
Ashe Guilford Watauga
Caswell Randolph Wilkes
Davidson Rockingham Yadkin

GUIDE TO SURFACE FRESHWATER CLASSIFICATIONS IN NORTH CAROLINA
NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources — Division of Water Quality — 2009
NOTES:
DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
17
Agric Itural activities must maintain a 10 -foot vegetated buffer from perennial surface waters or equivalent control as
Environmental Health, especially DEH designated Class I and 11 reservoirs
determined by the Soil and Water Conservation Commission
2 In an effort to protect trout streams, the U S Army Corps of Engineers' rules for the 25 western
S u rface
Statewide rules administered by DWQ require certain size animal feedlots to have permit coverage and approved animal
counties in the state require certain dredge and fill activitiesto obtain special Corps approval
AGRICULTURE
FORESTRY
TRANSPORTATION
application areas and perennial surface waters In the Nauss River Basin and Tar-Parnlico River Basin, any agricultural
=1
irs o r , /2 mile and draining to a river intake
ALLOWABLE DENSITY
operation is required either to become part of a collective local strategy for implementing BMPs or to implement standard
' va on
4 Protected Area is 5 miles and draining to water supplies:s measured from the normal pool ele ti
WASTEWATER
EROSION &
BEST
BEST
BEST
P otected Area can encompass the entire drainage area
Z "study"
DAMS/
LOW DENSITY
5 as is 1/4 mile wide from each bank for a river corridor Legal boundary description with no
"designated"
Freshwater
AREA
D ISC ARGES
SEDIMENTATION
MANAGEMENT
MANAGEMENT
MANAG EMENT
- NDFILLS
WATER
The fol lowing stormwater management requirements are applicable to development activities in the 20 Coastal Counties
AFFECTED
ALLOWED'
OPTION
HIGH
CONTROLS 15
PRACTICES
PRACTICES
PRACT ES
ALLOWED
RESOURCE
Classifications
9 back ashes
N indust ial process wastewater discharges are allowed but will require additional treatment
aw U
ENGINEERE STORMWATER CONTROL FOR HIGH DENSITY Requires control of runoff from the 1 5 -inch rainfall
DENSI�j
S REAM
ant through the use of engineered stormwater controls
eve
MANDATED"
MANDATED"
MANDAICTED
1 1 1/3 acre lot or 36 percent built upon surface area is allowed for projects without a curb and gutter
PROJECTS
where develop ment activities require an Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan approval
street system
�Du DWELLING
UNIT)
OPTION
B UFFERS"
LOW DEN SITY THRESHOLD FOR BUILT -UPON AREA 24% built upon area
�n=tsfrorn
eng neered stormwater controls Local gove must assume ultimate responsibility for operation
ENGINEERED STORMWATER CONTROL FOR HIGH DENSITY Requires control of runoff from the I 5 -inch rainfall
an d maintenance of stor—ater controls
event thro ugh the use of engineered stormwater controls
13 Buffers for low and high density options are applicable to perennial waters and shorelines, however,
�AC -ACRE)
an unique management strategy with different buffer requirements applies to Randleman Reservoir
(I 5A NCAC 2B 0248- 0251) When the 10/70 provision is invoked, 100' buffers are needed
NC Division of Water Quality NC Division of Parks & US Amy Corps of Engineers US Forest Servic,e
i
14 R parian Buffer Protection Rules specifically applied to the surface waters of the Nauss River Basin
DWQ Primary Classifications
and Tar-Parnlico River Basin went into effect in August 2000 Fifty -foot buffers are required for waters
1617 Mail Service Center 1615 Mail Service Center P.O. Box 1890 Asheville, NC 28802
class fied as NSW in these two basins and these buffers are more restrictive than buffers required by
Raleigh, NC 27699-1617 Raleigh, NC 27699-1615 Wilmington, NC 28402-1890 (828) 2574200
other classifications
[phone] [phone] (910) 2514511
,5 E osion and sedimentation controls are those specified under the N C Sedimentation Pollution
Control Act (administered by the N C Division of Land Resources) or local government ordinances
NC Division of Land Resources NC Wildlife Resources Cornmission
16 All agricultural activities are subject to provisions of the Food Security Act of 1985 and the Food,
Land Quality Section Divi ion oflinland Fisheries
Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990
16 12 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1612 1721 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1721
(919) 7334574 [phone]
-------
stir cter NC
WATER SUPPLY - I
entire water
none
none
none
mor a st.(ipngent
v
one
none
no specific
no specific
(WS -I)'
supply
allowed
N.A
ru as ply
yes
yes
ResD.iur=i.n
Inl—ed
rictions
res�
restrictions
watershed
undeveloped
undeveloped
controls apply 20
du ' 2 ac or
air cter NC
mile
cr a I area
genera I
permits c
3-1. built upon
bult2up.in
density - W
lh�igh density - 100'
more stringent
rules apply
as
yes
a
ResDu efsLern.dsi.n
virco
ne
Inan d I I w1s
no specifi
restr ictions
WATER SUPPLY -11
area
area
controls apply 20
(WS -11),
air cter NC
rest o f
general
du � I ac or
12-3 0%
low density - 30'
more stringent
Div of La Ind
no n—
no specific
we tershed
c
permits
'I
2% built upon
built upon
h igh density - 100'
rules apply
yes
y as
� slon
Resources a
discharging
21
restrictions
area
area
ro
controls so y 20
landfills
1/2 mile
gene. I
I du / I so or
12-30%
1 den - 30''
ov sfty
no new
neo.srpecific
critical area3
permits
2% built upon
built upon
_
HIS density 100
standard rules
yes"
yes
yes,
and is
ictio
r ns
WATER SUPPLY - III
area
area
(WS -111),
—rest
domestic &
I du / 1/2 so or
24-50%
no n ew
of
non -process
24% built upon
built upon
1 den 30'
ow sity
standard rules
yes
yes
yes,
discharging
no specific
watershed
industrial
area
are.
high density 100
landfills2l
restrictions
1/2 mile
domestic and
I du / 1/2 ac or
24-50%
low density - 01
no new
restsrpecific
critical area'
industrial'
24% built upon
1�
built upon
high density - 100'
standard rules
yes"
yes
yeS2�
and Is
r ictions
WATER SUPPLY - IV
area
area
(WS -IV)'
ac or
24-70%
protected
domestic and
214�,u, b1/2
I u
it
built Upon
low density - 30'
standard rules
yes
yes
yeS2�
restsrpecific
restsrpecific
a e
r a
industrial
area 1pon
area' 11
high density 100
r ictio ns
r ictio ns
WATER SUPPLY - V
river
domestic and
no specific
no specific
(WS -V)
segment
ndustri.I
no restrictions
none required
standard rules
yes
yes
applied as practical
restrictions
restrictions
do estic and
CLASS B
receiving
indualial
no restrictions'
none22requined
standard rules
no specific BMPs
no
restsrpecific
(B)
stream
(relia i i y
b, t
yes
yes
required
tsrpecific
res ic o ns
r ns
ictio
requirements)
CLASS C
receiving
domestic and
no specific BMPs
no specific
no specific
(C)
stream
industrial
no restrictio
I required
restrictions
restrictions
DWQ Supplemental
Classifications
domestic &
I I communities in Tar-
50' in Nauss and
NUTRIENT SENSITIVE
entire
In dustn: I
Pamlico and 15 in Nauss
Tar-Paimlico basinE
no specific BMPs
no specific
no specific
WATER
watershed
(w.tersh -
d
Basins require stormwater to
and Jordan Lake
standard rules
yes"'
yes
required
restrictions
restrictions
(NSW)
or river basin
sp ecific nutrient
1,
meet oading targets
Watershed 14
remove required)
domestic &
25' bufferbereen
air cter NC
DWO TROUT WATERS
.�:ce"&'n"
am 25'
dus al
in tri
No restrictions
m dz
strea gra a
standard rules PI a
u
yes1c
yes
Div of Land
no specific
no specific
JR)
buffer area
( ti
a ricter tr set-
ment standards)
are a
special buffer on a
Resources erosion
controls apply
restr ictio ns
restr ictio ns
domestic &
ii it
within I mile
industrial
sno
pacified
stricter NC
new
HIGH QUALITY WATERS
from and
(stricter treat-
du /so or
29/6 built
1:1
(must control
low density - 30"u
more stringent
Div. of Land
clischdrgin g
no specific
(HOW)
t
draining o
ment standards
. upon
un �fiffxxn
high density -N.A.
rules apip y
yes"'
yes
Re=.epposion
I; n 11
'a a
restrictions
classified
waters
for new or
expanded
are .,.
firrat ofrain-
fall")
ly
possib y
restricted
discharges)
no limit
OUTANDING RESOURCE
normally
no new dis-
du ' ac or
ape
air cter NC
n n w
WATERS
entire water-
charges or
129/6 built upon
-ustcci'oentdrol
low density - 3,,lc
more stringent
yes"
yes
Div of Land
di sch argin g
restsrpecific
(ORW)
sh
a:d (adrrai n_
a as
expansions
area 1r
r
firanI r0rn
o� rain-
high density - N A
rules sop y
Re=aeprposion
ly
landfills
ictio
r ns
fall")
SWAMPWATERS
receiving
no specific
no restrictions
none required
standard rules
yes
yes
no specific B
cific
restsmions
no specific
IS W)
stream
ictio a
restr n
requuedMPs
Ice
restrictions
Other Agency Classifications
FEDERAL WILD &
no specific restrictions
may be
S ENICRIVE IRS
rivdc
restsrpecific
(State encourages local governments to regulate
standard rules
yes"'
yes
no spec ificBMps
no spec'fic
remstrict d/
(US t
Fores Service, National
corri r5
r ictions
land use but is not mandatory)
required
restrichoncs
restr ns
prohibited
Park Service, etc.)
NC NATURAL & SCENIC
no specific restrictions
maybe
RS
D Parks
river
no specific
ictio
I
(fiedera overnment asks local governments to
g
standard rules
yes"
yes
no specific BMPs
no sPecific
restr cted
(NC sion of and
corriclor'
res r ns
regulate land use, but is not mandatory)
required
restrictions
prohibited
Recreation)
DESIGNATED PUBLIC
MOUNTAIN ��OUT
designated
no specific
no specific restrictions
no specific BMPs
no fic
y be
WATERS
w,ters
restr ns
ictio
(this classification is for fishery management
standard rules
yes"'
yes
required
stsrpeci
re ictions
remstricted
(NC Wildlife Resources
I
I
purposes only)
I
I
I
prohibited
Comm, ssion)
NOTES:
I Public water supplies are also subject to protection rules administered by the N C Division of
17
Agric Itural activities must maintain a 10 -foot vegetated buffer from perennial surface waters or equivalent control as
Environmental Health, especially DEH designated Class I and 11 reservoirs
determined by the Soil and Water Conservation Commission
2 In an effort to protect trout streams, the U S Army Corps of Engineers' rules for the 25 western
18
Statewide rules administered by DWQ require certain size animal feedlots to have permit coverage and approved animal
counties in the state require certain dredge and fill activitiesto obtain special Corps approval
waste management plans, as well as to implement buffer zones between newly constructed waste facilities / waste
3 Area is 1/2 mile and draining to water supplies as measured from the normal pool elevation of
application areas and perennial surface waters In the Nauss River Basin and Tar-Parnlico River Basin, any agricultural
=1
irs o r , /2 mile and draining to a river intake
operation is required either to become part of a collective local strategy for implementing BMPs or to implement standard
' va on
4 Protected Area is 5 miles and draining to water supplies:s measured from the normal pool ele ti
19
amps
Silviculture activities are subject to the provisions of the Forest Practices Guidelines related to water quality Activities on
i r
of reservoirs, or 10 miles upstream of and draining to rve intake However, in some cases the
U S Service lands are also subject to federpalsforsest management guidelines
Forest
P otected Area can encompass the entire drainage area
Z "study"
20
T a Department of Transportation must use BM a described in their document, 'Beat Management Practices For
5 as is 1/4 mile wide from each bank for a river corridor Legal boundary description with no
"designated"
ph
notection of Surface Waters" (March 1997)
more than 320 acres per mile average for rivers
21
" Discharging" landfills are those that must obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit from DWQ to
6 The corrido boundaries shall be the visual h orizon or such distance from each shoreline as may be
discharge treated leachate to surface waters
necess ary t not less than 20 feet The state is authorized to carry out protection/management
22
The fol lowing stormwater management requirements are applicable to development activities in the 20 Coastal Counties
activities w hin this boundary
Ito
requiring a CAMA major permit or Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan approval and, for non-residential development,
7 Mere in o practical alternative :�ist s, tre ated discharge from groundwater rennediation projects
any project proposing 10,000 square feet or more ofibuilt-upon area
addressingwater u ality problem wi I beallowed
q
MINIMUMBUFFER REQUIREMENM 30 ft- Redevelopment, 50ft-New Development
8 General permits cov relatively insignificant wastewater discharges such as swimming pool filter
er
LOW DENSITY THRESHOLD FOR BUILT -UPON AREA 24% built upon area
9 back ashes
N indust ial process wastewater discharges are allowed but will require additional treatment
aw U
ENGINEERE STORMWATER CONTROL FOR HIGH DENSITY Requires control of runoff from the 1 5 -inch rainfall
eme
requir nts
ant through the use of engineered stormwater controls
eve
10 These rules apply only to projects requiring a Sedimentation and Erosion Control Plan
The ollow Ing stor—ater management requirements are applicable to development in post -construction coverage areas
1 1 1/3 acre lot or 36 percent built upon surface area is allowed for projects without a curb and gutter
where develop ment activities require an Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan approval
street system
MINI MUM BU FFER REQUIREMENT 30 ft
12 High Density Option requires control of t a first I inch of rainfall through use of
LOW DEN SITY THRESHOLD FOR BUILT -UPON AREA 24% built upon area
�n=tsfrorn
eng neered stormwater controls Local gove must assume ultimate responsibility for operation
ENGINEERED STORMWATER CONTROL FOR HIGH DENSITY Requires control of runoff from the I 5 -inch rainfall
an d maintenance of stor—ater controls
event thro ugh the use of engineered stormwater controls
13 Buffers for low and high density options are applicable to perennial waters and shorelines, however,
A AIN CONTACTS FOR INFORMATION
an unique management strategy with different buffer requirements applies to Randleman Reservoir
(I 5A NCAC 2B 0248- 0251) When the 10/70 provision is invoked, 100' buffers are needed
NC Division of Water Quality NC Division of Parks & US Amy Corps of Engineers US Forest Servic,e
i
14 R parian Buffer Protection Rules specifically applied to the surface waters of the Nauss River Basin
Planning Section Recreation Wilmington District Office P.O. Box 2750
and Tar-Parnlico River Basin went into effect in August 2000 Fifty -foot buffers are required for waters
1617 Mail Service Center 1615 Mail Service Center P.O. Box 1890 Asheville, NC 28802
class fied as NSW in these two basins and these buffers are more restrictive than buffers required by
Raleigh, NC 27699-1617 Raleigh, NC 27699-1615 Wilmington, NC 28402-1890 (828) 2574200
other classifications
[phone] [phone] (910) 2514511
,5 E osion and sedimentation controls are those specified under the N C Sedimentation Pollution
Control Act (administered by the N C Division of Land Resources) or local government ordinances
NC Division of Land Resources NC Wildlife Resources Cornmission
16 All agricultural activities are subject to provisions of the Food Security Act of 1985 and the Food,
Land Quality Section Divi ion oflinland Fisheries
Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990
16 12 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1612 1721 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1721
(919) 7334574 [phone]