NC0005088_FINAL_CSA_Appendix_G_20180131

2018 Comprehensive Site Assessment Update January 2018
Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
APPENDIX G
SAMPLE CHARACTERIZATION
Source Characterization – HDR CSA Appendix C
Soil and Rock Characterization – HDR CSA Appendix D
Surface Water and Sediment Characterization –
HDR CSA Appendix F
Groundwater Characterization – HDR CSA Appendix G
Includes Duke Low Flow Sampling Plan
Field, Sampling, and Data Analysis Quality Assurance /
Quality Control - HDR CSA Appendix E
Mineralogical Characterization of Soil and Rock
2018 Comprehensive Site Assessment Update January 2018
Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION –
HDR CSA APPENDIX C
2018 Comprehensive Site Assessment Update January 2018
Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
SOIL AND ROCK CHARACTERIZATION –
HDR CSA APPENDIX D
2018 Comprehensive Site Assessment Update January 2018
Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
SURFACE WATER AND SEDIMENT
CHARACTERIZATION – HDR CSA APPENDIX F
2018 Comprehensive Site Assessment Update January 2018
Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
GROUNDWATER CHARACTERIZATION –
HDR CSA APPENDIX G
Includes Duke Low Flow Sampling Plan
2018 Comprehensive Site Assessment Update January 2018
Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
FIELD, SAMPLING, AND DATA ANALYSIS QUALITY
ASSURANCE / QUALITY CONTROL –
HDR CSA APPENDIX E
2018 Comprehensive Site Assessment Update January 2018
Cliffside Steam Station SynTerra
MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF
SOIL AND ROCK
Table 6.8a. Cliffside Petrographic Analysis SummaryQuartz Plagioclase Microcline Biotite Muscovite Sillimanite Pyrite Sphene Apatite Tourmaline Garnet Kyanite ZirconGWA-25D HDR C-GWA-25D 47.7' to 48.0' 30 15 5 20 15 5 5tr2tr tr 5 tr - Garnet Biotite Mica GneissGWA-32BR HDR C-GWA-32BR 59.95' to 60.3' 35 20 tr 5 25 15 tr tr tr tr - tr tr Mica GneissGWA-30BR HDR C-GWA-30BR 43.0' to 43.3' 35 27 tr 30 5 tr 3 tr - - - - tr Biotite GneissGWA-30D HDR C-GWA-30D 39.65' to 40.0' 40 28 tr 30 - tr 2 tr - - tr - tr Biotite GneissMW-38D HDR C-MW-38D-1 67.9' to 68.2' 50 30 tr 20 - tr tr tr - - - - tr Biotite GneissMW-38D HDR C-MW-38D-2 79.5' to 79.8' 45 25 20 - 5 4 - tr - - 1 tr - Quartz Feldspar GneissBG-1D HDR C-BG-1D-1 74.2' to 74.5' 30 15 tr 20 10 10 5 2 tr 5 3 tr tr Garnet Biotite Mica GneissBG-2D HDR C-BG-2D-1 51.7' to 52.0' 50 20 tr 25 - tr 3 2 - - - - tr Biotite Gneiss1Percent Mineralogy estimated using Comparison Charts for Estimating Percentage Composition.Pyrite: FeS2Sphene: CaTiSiO5Apatite: Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)Garnet: (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn)32+(Al, Fe, Cr)23+(SiO4)3Kyanite: Al2SiO5Zircon: ZrSiO4Rock Type 2tr - Trace Amounts.Boring IDPetrography BySample IDSample DepthMineral Percentage by Volume1Sillimanite: Al2SiO5Quartz- SiO2Microcline feldspar: KAl2Si2O8Muscovite: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Biotite: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Site:Project No.:
Location:Cleveland and Rutherford Counties, North Carolina
Sample #: Depth:
Rock Core Description:
Microscopic Description (one thin-section):
Biotite - ~20%, light brown to brow, coarse, defines foliation.
Muscovite - ~10%, in books and single crystals, generally associated wit muscovite.
Quartz - ~30%, Sutured grain boundaries. Undulatory extinction.
Sillimanite - 10%, occurs as prismatic crystrals and felted masses of fibers.
Sphene - ~2%
Apatite - Trace
Zircon - Trace
Tourmaline (Dravite) - ~5%, lath-shaped with some crystals showing zonation.
Garnet - ~3%, not present in thin-section; estimated from hand sample.
Kyanite - Trace
Rock Type:
Garnet Biotite-Mica Gneiss
Origin:
By:Date:
M. F. Schaeffer, LG June 22, 2015
PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION
Cliffside Steam Station 392 246412 001
C-BG-1D-1 74.2' to 74.5'
Layers with crystalloblastic and lepidoblastic texture, layers with cystalloblastic textue consist
primarily of anhedral quartz and feldspar crystals with sutured contacts with minor bioitite and
sillimanite (indicative of upper amphibolite metamorphic grade) and tourmaline defining the
foliation. Quartz grains exhibit undulatory extinction indicating strain (deformation). The
lepidoblastic layers consist primary of muscovite, sillimanite crystals and fibrous, fine-grained
mases of sillimanite, biotite and pyrite. (No garnet in thin-section.)
Plagioclase - ~15%, possible trace microcline. Some secondary crystal growth with minor
saussurtization.
Upper amphibolite grade metamorphism of an impure sandstone.
Pyrite - ~5%.
Garnet Biotite-Mica Gneiss.
Interlayered light gray, medium-
to coarse-grained gneissic layers
(quartz/feldspar) and medium
light gray, very fine-grained
schistose layers, layers 5 to 10
mm, impure garnets to 10-15
mm wide.
Site:Project No.:
Location:Cleveland and Rutherford Counties, North Carolina
Sample #: Depth:
Rock Core Description:
Microscopic Description (one thin-section):
Biotite - ~25%, Reddish brown books define foliation.
Quartz - ~50%, Sutured grain boundaries. Undulatory extinction.
Sillimanite - Trace, occurs as slender prismatic crystrals and felted masses of fibers.
Pyrite - ~3%
Sphene - ~2%
Zircon - Trace
Rock Type:
Biotite Gneiss
Origin:
By:Date:
M. F. Schaeffer, LG June 25, 2015
Upper amphibolite grade metamorphism of an impure sandstone.
Crystalloblastic texture, consists primarily of anhedral quartz and feldspar crystals with sutured
contacts. Quartz grains exhibit undulatory extinction indicating strain (deformation). Brown
biotite defines foliation. Trace sillimanite is present, indicating upper amphibolite metamorphic
grade.
Biotite Gneiss, light gray to
medium light gray, very hard,
fine- to medium-grained with
large clasts of quartz-feldspar,
biotite defines a poorly
developed foliation.
PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION
Cliffside Steam Station 392 246412 001
C-BG-2D-1 51.7' to 52.0'
Plagioclase - ~20%, possible trace microcline. Some secondary crystal growth with minor
saussurtization.
Site:Project No.:
Location:Cleveland and Rutherford Counties, North Carolina
Sample #: Depth:
Rock Core Description:
Microscopic Description (one thin-section):
Biotite - ~20%, light brown to brown, coarse, defines foliation.
Muscovite - ~15%, in books.
Quartz - ~30%, sutured grain boundaries. Undulatory extinction.
Plagioclase - ~15%, Some secondary crystal growth with minor saussuritization.
Microcline - ~5%.
Sillimanite - 5%, occurs as prismatic crystrals and felted masses of fibers.
Sphene - Trace.
Apatite - Trace
Tourmaline - Trace
Garnet - ~5%.
Kyanite - Trace
Rock Type:
Garnet Biotite-Mica Gneiss
Origin:
By:Date:
M. F. Schaeffer, LG October 9, 2015
Upper amphibolite grade metamorphism of an impure sandstone.
Pyrite - ~5%.
Garnet Biotite-Mica Gneiss.
Interlayered light gray, medium-
to coarse-grained gneissic layers
(quartz/feldspar) and medium
light gray, very fine-grained
schistose layers, layers 5 to 10
mm, garnets to 10-15 mm.
Layers with crystalloblastic andl lepidoblastic texture, layers with cystalloblastic textue consist primarily of
anhedral quartz and feldspar crystals with sutured contacts with minor bioitite and sillimanite (indicative of
upper amphibolite metamorphic grade) and tourmaline defining the foliation. Quartz grains exhibit undulatory
extinction indicating strain (deformation). The lepidoblastic layers consist primary of muscovite, biotite,
sillimanite crystals and fibrous, fine-grained mases of sillimanite, and pyrite. Large, fractured garnets contain
inclusions of quartz, pyrite, and epidote with muscovite-biotite wrapping around the grains.
PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION
Cliffside Steam Station 392 246412 001
C-GWA-25D 47.7' to 48.0'
Site:Project No.:
Location:Cleveland and Rutherford Counties, North Carolina
Sample #: Depth:
Rock Core Description:
Microscopic Description (two thin-sections):
Biotite - ~30%, light brown books, defines foliation.
Muscovite - ~5%.
Quartz - ~35%, sutured grain boundaries. Undulatory extinction.
Plagioclase - ~27%, possible trace microcline. Some secondary crystal growth.
Sillimanite - Trace, occurs as slender prismatic crystals and felted masses of fibers.
Pyrite - ~3%.
Sphene - Trace
Zircon - Trace
Rock Type:
Biotite Gneiss
Origin:
By:Date:
M. F. Schaeffer, LG October 9, 2015
Upper amphibolite grade metamorphism of an impure sandstone.
Crystalloblastic texture, consists primarily of anhedral quartz and feldspar crystals with sutured
contacts. Quartz exhibits undulatory extinction indicating strain (deformation), Brown biotite
defines foliation. Trace sillimanite is present indicating upper amphibolite metamorphic grade.
Biotite Gneiss, light gray to
medium light gray, very hard,
medium-grained with large clasts
of quartz-feldspar, biotite defines
a poorly developed foliation.
PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION
Cliffside Steam Station 392 246412 001
C-GWA-30BR 43.0' to 43.3'
Site:Project No.:
Location:Cleveland and Rutherford Counties, North Carolina
Sample #: Depth:
Rock Core Description:
Microscopic Description (one thin-section):
Biotite - ~30%, light brown books, defines foliation.
Quartz - ~40%, sutured grain boundaries, undulatory extinction.
Plagioclase - ~28%, possible trace microcline. Some secondary crystal growth.
Sillimanite - Trace, occurs as slender prismatic crystals and felted masses of fibers.
Pyrite - ~2%.
Garnet - Trace
Sphene - Trace
Zircon - Trace
Rock Type:
Biotite Gneiss
Origin:
By:Date:
M. F. Schaeffer, LG October 9, 2015
Upper amphibolite grade metamorphism of an impure sandstone.
Crystalloblastic texture, consists primarily of anhedral quartz and feldspar crystals with sutured
contacts. Quartz exhibits undulatory extinction indicating strain (deformation). Brown biotite
defines foliation. Trace sillimanite is present, indicating upper amphibolite metamorphic grade.
Biotite Gneiss, light gray to
medium light gray, very hard,
fine- to medium-grained with
alternating biotite and quartzo-
feldspathic layers that define the
foliation. Scattered garnets.
PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION
Cliffside Steam Station 392 246412 001
C-GWA-30D 39.65' to 40.0'
Site:Project No.:
Location:Cleveland and Rutherford Counties, North Carolina
Sample #: Depth:
Rock Core Description:
Microscopic Description (one thin-section):
Biotite - ~5%, light brown to brown, coarse, defines foliation.
Muscovite - ~25%, in books and single crystals, generally associated with muscovite.
Quartz - ~35%, sutured grain boundaries. Undulatory extinction.
Sillimanite - 15%, occurs as prismatic crystrals and felted masses of fibers.
Sphene - Trace
Apatite - Trace
Zircon - Trace
Tourmaline - Trace.
Kyanite - Trace
Rock Type:
Sillimanite-Mica Gneiss
Origin:
By:Date:
M. F. Schaeffer, LG October 9, 2015
Plagioclase - ~20%, possible trace microcline. Some secondary crystal growth with minor
saussuritization.
Upper amphibolite grade metamorphism of an impure sandstone.
Pyrite - Trace.
Mica Gneiss. Very light gray to
light gray, fine- to medium-
grained, hard with poorly
developed foliation defined by
coarser quartzo-feldspathic
layers.
Crystalloblastic texture, consists primarily of anhedral quartz and feldspar crystals with
sutured contacts with minor biotite and sillimanite (indicative of upper amphibolite
metamorphic grade) and tourmaline defining the foliation with lepdioblastic layers
consists primary of muscovite, sillimanite crystals and fibrous, fine-grained mases of
sillimanite, with minor epidote and biotite.
PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION
Cliffside Steam Station 392 246412 001
C-GWA-32BR 59.95' to 60.3'
Site:Project No.:
Location:Cleveland and Rutherford Counties, North Carolina
Sample #: Depth:
Rock Core Description:
Microscopic Description (one thin-section):
Biotite - ~20%, reddish brown books, defines foliation.
Quartz - ~50%, sutured grain boundaries, undulatory extinction.
Plagioclase - ~30%, possible trace microcline. Some secondary crystal growth.
Sillimanite - trace, occurs as slender prismatic crystals and felted masses of fibers.
Pyrite - Trace
Sphene - Trace
Zircon - Trace
Rock Type:
Biotite Gneiss
Origin:
By:Date:
M. F. Schaeffer, LG June 25, 2015
Upper amphibolite grade metamorphism of an impure sandstone.
Crystalloblastic texture, consists primarily of anhedral quartz and feldspar crystals with sutured
contacts. Quartz exhibits undulatory extinction indicating strain (deformation), Brown biotite
defines foliation. Trace sillimanite is present indicating upper amphibolite metamorphic grade.
Biotite Gneiss, light gray to
medium light gray, very hard,
medium-grained with large
clasts of quartz-feldspar, biotite
defines a poorly developed
foliation.
PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION
Cliffside Steam Station 392 246412 001
C-MW-38D-1 67.9' to 68.2'
Site:Project No.:
Location:Cleveland and Rutherford Counties, North Carolina
Sample #: Depth:
Rock Core Description:
Microscopic Description (one thin-section):
Muscovite - ~5%, in books.
Quartz - ~45%, sutured grain boundaries, undulatory extinction.
Plagioclase - ~25%, some secondary crystal growth with minor saussuritization.
Microcline - ~20%, distinguished by polysynthetic twinning.
Sillimanite - 4%, occurs as prismatic crystrals and felted masses of fibers.
Sphene - Trace.
Garnet - ~1%.
Kyanite - Trace
Rock Type:
Quartz Feldspar Gneiss (Migmatite).
Origin:
By:Date:
M. F. Schaeffer, LG October 9, 2015
Migmatite developed during high grade metamorphism of sedimentary rocks.
Quartz Feldspar Gneiss
(Migmatite). White to very light
gray, coarse-grained with
garnets to 2-5 mm..
Cystalloblastic textue consists primarily of coarse anhedral quartz and feldspar (plagioclase and
microclinie) crystals with sutured contacts with interstitial muscovite and sillimanite. Myrmekitic
intergrowth of quartz in microcline near plagioclase crystals is common. Sillimanite occurs as needles
and fibrous masses near muscovite. Garnet are irregular shaped and fractured.
PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION
Cliffside Steam Station 392 246412 001
C-MW-38D-2 79.5' to 79.8'