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Home My WebLink About20171492 Ver 1_Historic/Prehistoric Information_20171120 (2)14-06-0019 NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES o�� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES � '�Q� �$��` '` PRESENT OR AFFECTED FORM ��' � �� :��p°� �:� .��:; . "�¢ o�°. '�' This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not �,.••-.. ;, .,,�� '�* �� valid for Histaric Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the ��;�� Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group. PROJECT INFORMATION Project No: WBS No: 17BP.11.R.103 F.A. No: Federal Permit Required? County: Watauga LIBR data sheet (PCE) or Document.• Minimum Criteria checklist Funding.• � State ❑ Federal � Yes ❑ No Permit Type: NWP 3/ NWP 14 tva Project Description: Replace Bridge 261 on SR 1304 (Marion Thomas Rd.) over Cove Creek. Replace structure at existing location. Area of Potential Effects (A.P.E.) is 23 meters (75 ft.) from centerline on each side of the road for 92 meters (300 ft.) in each direction from the bridge. Temporary and/or permanent easements will be required. No design plans provided. SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject project and determined.• � There are no National Register listed ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES within the project's area of potential effects. ❑ No subsurface archaeological investigations are required for this project. ❑ Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources. � Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources considered eligible for the National Register. ❑ All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project. � There are no National Register Eligible or Listed ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present or affected by this project. (Attach any notes or documents as needec� Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions: see attached memo SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION See attached: � Map(s) ❑ Previous Survey Info Other: Signed: Caleb Smith NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST � Photos ❑Correspondence 4/4/2015 Date "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 1of14 Archaeological Survey for the Proposed Replacement of Bridge No. 261 on SR 1304 (Marion Thomas Rd.) over Cove Creek, Watauga County, North Carolina By Brooke Brilliant, Archaeological Consultants of the Carolinas, Inc. and Caleb Smith, N.C. Department of Transportation April 2015 Introduction Bridge No. 261 is located on SR 1304 (Marion Thoinas Rd.) between the cominunities of Mast and Mabel (Figure 1). Cove Creek joins Long Branch just south of the project area. The archaeological Area of Potential Effects (A.P.E.) for this project includes an area approximately 92 meters (300 ft.) from either end of the bridge and approXimately 23 meters (75 ft.) on each side of the road measuring from the centerline (Figure 2). The bridge is oriented at 240° (east-west). ��V � , ., �... .._�m i..� ��f,/l�'� trf � '.�� .'_' _�. A .°.�' ' , .. � � F` f ,� . ,�r ' ' �- � � �� `��':`_. ",, . �, � s � � �� . .. .. ��lf� y`�n!'O� ..+.�1�� 6� .� � A�tiEll i l� ' ' , � �'I ` , r° • ,�y / �{. � y" ` � ` � � _ ' ��,�: 1,..� _ . ,,�t� � 41.�t^-.�lj., `,��.�'•. . 4�-yI I..�"�� { �' �C - - . .. . , jrC` y . .\ �. . %r'" �� C ,r,: y. 3c ',� \ ,'�...:- � c.: �Og � ''' � ' `' ' � `� �,�� ,M 'r , - � 1.y o f � �z �� ...rtA.�' , ,` , � � � � lrr" ^�'y - ' `i ' ..� � 2 L . _ ' ' �-' -� - �� ;��I ' ' .Y } � '�. �.. . �O ; �. .,� �f;,i-� ��.. , . � � ti 7�7��J,, _ . . �.J �✓ �; . . . �� r � J �, � :� �C �� wi:n �-' , �r•qry � � � _ '� � _ i, c� � � .. � �.�P � N .'� Anqob-�`--� "�- . ' . - � �: i�� n : �� - ` r. f`,� �� .,�-...�. '�` � F%r . . ''"' ��E � . d �"' '� an + �,' I`4 � f'`�o J `� ' s / �`. . f r;., �� : • � � .= `` ��'��j i : : »�- �, . ' ��,''\�� .. . � e.• uwr.�k u .e+ � : o IPJ - . �.&..nn„ �`1 '�,,,�_ . ~ �,:v..� S., 't �� i ., C+ :,'� r� � tu: �•� �' a G : �a t.� - ` � , S__- , ' ` n �r;� F t, �,��g,v�.� i�: r:E�� , ��' ;�; �r1 41j[pAe' S � �,��' �YV7t�u�a�,oa�iniy._ �',� -.--- �� - - _s_ _ L �� . '``£ .,�_ � r,�an�a i `�:,� '.i.'�, _ r�qyr� �w.+irrtl -- � , . 't_",�._'�/,�p .- i ^�. P . . . - 'L . �, . C '�/ � O '7 �?1 oe . 1 �`� . � . . �'�'N//CO lj�� -� `� �iJY}� U};.,�. 1.�i.., th.'�3-3 r!'O tl .�,z J�-9 �/)�y � Y7Wc�.re?�,��.7 � -->r_.wrl.�:�'_1;��:��=.. ��LF>C:;t.._._a.,-.�a n7c':: �.;:��x,r_-��.�, ,__.�.w �-:-s,.�t�, arv-=..,.��.,� -.`:y... �i;u . . ..,.�. v ��,. . �.. � �I`f n_1 �I 11 . � ��,�. Y. ru ,�,. ,_,: , LV11 ._4 Figure 1: Location of Bridge 261 in Watauga County. The initial review of this project was conducted by N.C. Department of Transportation (NCDOT) archaeologist Caleb Smith on 9/4/2014. The review included an examination of a topographic map, the Watauga County soil survey, an aerial photograph, and listings of previously recorded sites, previous archaeological surveys, and previous environmental reviews at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA). Also, a visual reconnaissance of the project was conducted by NCDOT archaeologists Matt Wilkerson and Caleb Smith on 6/16/2014. The review recommended an archaeological survey of the level, well-drained, undisturbed parts of the A.P.E., specifically in the northeast and southeast quadrants. "NO NATIONAL RF_GISTFR F.I.IGIBLF. OR L/STFU ARCHAF,OLOGICAL SlTF„S PRF.SFNT OR AFFF.CTED foi-na Jor Minor Trnns�a•[atioia Projecls �is OucdiJied in dee 2007 Proeroni�nqtic Agreement. 2of14 r"��' . Circa-1910 �� house t �� . �� :1'��. � _` � '"� Bridge � 261 �� Y barn �-- Northeast quad,"ur,.t f r ' � ':I►�� trailer � � �• � � — 1 _ _ i _ �---'3 � i ----_` '��. ,�,#_-- +,�.�....�_ -.�- - Figure 2: Aerial photograph of Bridge 261. Cove creel< , SR 1304 � �. ` The archaeological survey was conducted by Bobby Southerlin and Jon Rood of Archaeological Consultants of tl�e Carolinas, Inc. (ACC) on 9/8/2014. The following description was submitted to the NCDOT by ACC in October 2014 and revised by NCDOT archaeologist Caleb Smith. Background Research Background research consisted of an examination of the listings of previously recorded sites, previous archaeological surveys, and previous environmental reviews at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) in Raleigh. The A.P.E. has not been included in any previous archaeological surveys. The A.P.E. is not within or adjacent to any projects that have been previously reviewed by the State Historic Presel-vation Office (HPO). There are three previously recorded archaeological sites (31 WT120, 31 WT149, and 31 WT151) within a 0.8 kilometer (0.5 mile) radius of the A.P.E. (Figure 3). All three of these sites were located during a reconnaissance survey of Watauga County (Purrington 1975). The survey report offers ininimal descriptions of each site, but does not include a site inap nor evaluate them for potential inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Site 31WT120 is a Late Archaic period lithic scatter located a short distance north of the A.P.E. in the northeastern quadrant. Artifacts included quartzite Savannah River projectile points, quartzite knives, and quartzite flakes (Purrington 1975:29). Site 31WT149 is a prehistoric lithic scatter consisting of quartz, chert, and quartzite debitage (Purrington 1975:37). This site is located southwest of the A.P.E. "NO NATIONAL 2F_GISTFR F.I.IGIBLF. OR L/STFD ARCHAF,OLOGICAL SlTF„S PRF.SFNT OR AFFF.CTED foi-na Jor Minor Trnns�a•[atioia Projecls �is OucdiJied in dee 2007 Proeroni�nqtic Agreement. 3of14 / � �1� �, � —� �� `',��_ �--�_5-- _ _ � � �' `� �l� ; ,�!'� R � �� s a`� ''� �� _ p, � ` _ ` _ . - - _ _ ' � * �u"VT427 -- — - _- 9 �� ' �� , a' `` 1 = �� ' — _ _ _ .��—�•�ti L � " � e- . .I �; � � �-�, ' �� . � ��/ � '��+ �I � �''�'� `- �'s�� ' � �j . — — �, f �" 1 r �'d � � �� + , "�� ; �_ , � r � �` � t „ , ° � �� ,�� {� ;�' -. e ' �`�� ' �� `�— s� � � -. s� �- + , � 'F_,� - � - _ . _ _ . _ � � c �„�� c'�{��•� ` `�, � ; ��"`�� ', - _ � _ " � � _ �� ` � � _� _.� , �, r � , .: �.,, ,� ��r��o �� . __ � � _ �� ,��. . , - �._� �� .�. � - � �� , � ---� � � � � , �� . , t� , �, � F. '� � ! �-a , L � �►�+ ` ,`ti`- � �y �" _ j�" ,� SR 139��4 �1 �.' a- �` �� ' x � � � �� •_ �' � + ��• _ •� ' ,� � ; v ;� �� f '�' _ _ � i. � , ~� :�� • � ' �� SP��. ` � � •. +, � -� . . 4 � `�,,��—� - �� I Y� 1 1� � �* ' y NY �� - + � � � � i. � �� y, �� ` � d �� z �� x� � .,l � ��A✓ �r �`� � J �� - � , ♦ _, y � � r � �r�., � :� � � rS% ✓ ,!�_�s � _ _ _' - �: flF�:," �.4 J'd�T1�1�t'J�1 Ir q' 1� � — �� s �� - � ' � •i,. . _ �'_� `� � � 1 �� }�.'�� _ ' �.�rr � � � r � � '�� u. Y � \ � * 1 � • r � y . `�'�� ~ � ! ��•ti . ' � i�: _: I ; � .� � � . .-�'�- . � � � .+ I a � L � � P 1 _ � :� �. � � _ `� �- _ y •�ti 't�'t, I {. \.�_ i�� f � + �� ' �-�� '��:.�� r ' . ... �- � -- � �►, r �� '�'-z � '��' '� *: ! , N _ -`� .' � ,�► � '-• � � '-� �� "� � BI'I'f,��'� 2�'I f��.'�I�I�$1�'1�t1''� �� , � { � ., . �, , - � - � ti. _ _ -- � � �� 2�, �.�� .� �- N � � CulEur,�l i2�nurce �.{ �•. � a. � � � l�J'C�'YS�d�O�FC� SEF.I `e 3 fi �, B �` ' !' � 31'�T'I51 p - � � klrsAar�e Resowree _ � _ � � � I 'R "4, 0 1I�CJ 20'� �3fi.".� 4:'.Ca j_ '��_ _ _ - �� i' - '� -- ` / #11r;ess Figure 3: Topographic map of Bridge 261 and previously recorded archaeological sites in the vicinity (USGS 1938 Sherwood, NC. 7.5-ininute topographic quadrangle [photorevised 1969]). "NO NATIONAL 2F_GISTFR F.I.IGIBLF. OR L/STFU .9RCHAF,OLOGICAL SlTF„S PRF.SFNT OR AFFF.CTED foi-na Jor Minor Trnns�a•[atioia Projecls �is OucdiJied in dee 2007 Proeroni�nqtic Agreement. 4of14 Site 31WT151 is a Late Archaic and Middle Woodland period artifact scatter located southwest of the project area. The artifact assemblage included a quartzite Savannah River "blank," chert Connestee projectile points, ceramics with a sandy paste, and chert, quartz and quartzite lithic debitage (Purrington 1975:37-38). Background research also included an examination of records on recorded historic resources using the HPO Survey and Planning Division's mapping application web site. One historic property is located within a 0.8 km (0.5 mile) radius of Bridge No. 261. This resource, WT0427, is the John Johnson House (see Figure 3). This house is located north/northwest of the project area and has a "surveyed only" status for the NRHP. Archaeological Survey The archaeological survey consisted of pedestrian survey along transects located approximately 10 meters (33 ft.) from the edge of the road in each quadrant. Shovel tests (STs) were excavated at 30- meter (100-ft.) intervals along these transects parallel to the road. The STs measured at least 30 centimeters (12 in.) in diameter and were excavated a minimum of 10 centimeters (4 in.) into sterile subsoil. All test fill was screened through 0.64 centimeter (0.25 in.) wire mesh. Each ST was backfilled upon completion. Positive tests, those containing artifacts, were delineated in 10-meter (33-ft.) intervals in cardinal directions within the A.P.E. until two consecutive negative shovel tests were encountered. ST's were not excavated at locations with slope of greater than 15 percent or in clearly disturbed contexts. Global Positioning System (GPS) readings using a sub-meter accuracy Trimble GeoExplorer handheld GPS Receiver were taken at each shovel test. A total of 14 test locations was examined. Table 1 describes each of the shovel tests. The shovel test locations are shown in the aerial photograph in Figure 4 and the LiDAR image in Figure 5. LiDAR, an acronym for Light Detection and Ranging, is a remote sensing method which uses lasers to collect three dimensional data about the ground surface (English Heritage 2010). A hillshading effect can be applied to a LiDAR image to better view topographic features. This technique uses a hypothetical light source to create shadows which highlight minute changes in the ground surface (Jones 2010; Schuckman and Renslow 2014). The landform in the northwest quadrant is a narrow strip of land between the creek and SR 1233 (Figures 6 and 7). It is approximately 45 meters (148 ft.) long, and consists of a slope up from the creek west to SR 1233. An old house (circa 1910?) is located next to the creek within the A.P.E. One shovel test was excavated in this quadrant. It contained no artifacts, and revealed 10 centimeters (4 in.) of brown silty clay loam over yellowish brown clay subsoil. The A.P.E. in the southwest quadrant is also a narrow strip of land between the creek and SR 1233 (Figures 8 and 9). The landform is also a 45-meter (148-ft.) long slope up from the creek west to SR 1233. A house is located within the A.P.E. This quadrant has a low potential for archaeological sites, and no shovel tests were excavated due to disturbance from a house and driveway. The landform in the southeast quadrant is flat floodplain from the bridge east for at least 120 meters (394 ft.). The A.P.E. is currently used as pasture or as a hay field (Figures 10 and 11). There is a barn complex located approximately 100 meters (328 ft.) east of the bridge. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. Sof14 Table 1: Summary of Shovel Test Locations Examined. Shovel Dig / No Depth Comments Test Di Northeast: Shovel Test No Dig - Not excavated due to disturbance from trailer 1 Shovel Test Dig 15 cm (6 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in) brown silty clay loam, yellowish 2 brown clay subsoil below 15 cm (6 in.); next to trailer Shovel Test Dig 15 cm (6 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in) brown silty clay loam, yellowish 3 brown clay subsoil below 15 cm (6 in.); next to barn Shovel Test Dig 15 cm (6 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in) brown silty clay loam, yellowish 4 brown clay subsoil below 15 cm (6 in.); underground lines at 15 cm (6 in.) Northwest: Shovel Test Dig 10 cm (4 in.) 0-10 cm (0-4 in.) brown silty clay, yellowish brown 1 clay subsoil below 10 cm (6 in.); yard, eroded Southeast: Shovel Test Dig 20 cm (8 in,) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) brown silty clay loam. 15-20 cm 1 (6-8 in.) yellowish brown clay subsoil Shovel Test Dig 20 cm (8 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) brown silty clay loam. 15-20 cm 2 (6-8 in.) yellowish brown clay subsoil Shovel Test Dig 20 cm (8 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) brown silty clay loam. 15-20 cm 3 (6-8 in.) yellowish brown clay subsoil Shovel Test Dig 30 cm (12 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) brown silty clay loam. 15-30 cm 4 (6-12 in.) yellowish brown clay subsoil; one quartz flake/flake fragment (31WA382) Shovel Test Dig 25 cm (10 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) brown silty clay loam, 15-25 cm D1 (N480 (10 in.) yellowish brown clay; delineation shovel E500) test Shovel Test Dig 25 cm (10 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) brown silty clay loam, 15-25 cm D2 (N490 (10 in.) yellowish brown clay; delineation shovel E500) test Shovel Test Dig 25 cm (10 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) brown silty clay loam, 15-25 cm D3 (N500 (10 in.) yellowish brown clay; delineation shovel E510) test Shovel Test Dig 25 cm (10 in.) 0-15 cm (0-6 in.) brown silty clay loam, 15-25 cm D4 (N500 (10 in.) yellowish brown clay; delineation shovel E520) test Southwest: Shovel Test No Dig - Not excavated due to disturbance from road and 1 house "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportadon Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 6of14 . � . ' '�: . .�!�w�'� �,.t ?��. '' l, ,y~ f'r �,}' r r 3' L N � •�: ��'i ' - ;.` ' 4 • _N� . . ?�' ti! :�":.�+ � � .+' -� ' ;'��, �..,• �� « .�� • • . �,, , r � -•• ` ; �'�"-� :� �� . : ��. S ! d� � t�� ' � \ -�.' Ly, ' � j � � e � � . ti� , ' • � ��` •� • l'. '� � y � �' �Q .• A ,yk�� P r� � �A -° •♦ r LAJ Wa7 � t�"- u, r� r � r,s 1 ,�'�'. .,J �.:� .- � r `' '�' 4'; �k: �y� � � �_:_.,�".� -"SR 130� z•;� r�� .�r `� - ., ..�,,,ti,?. .�L . __ _ _ r�h .y° 1' \ti•i_S ___ - - � . ,. - - "� � p - • ' � i �� _ .. y1 y� _ , ��' � •� - � ' ` "� , � �D3 D4 � , � >��A'4•�e .-v `('�� .� �.• ' � CA:'ii�U I 1 LJU [j�1,J ,, R. ��p •. t.D2 �A .• � r ..�"�;."' , - � � =�;_�+ '; ��:� � °' �� ; • .'1 -� z� ' �� ' L' , ,r y ti .� ��: � �, � �.�, r} '' ' ' - (�J ' �, `�,� � ' � � ` . ' � � � � f �° �:: i.�� - - � �� ' � _ - "1 � ,� , :� �, , ++ � ,_ ��.�� - ` . ��' � � , :�, �� ^ -. ��.;,,�. � ��. ; � ,_�, , ,.. t , �. . �.: =�;'��. ��`•.. r i!� � . �►., � ..Y �. . � � ,, + ,� �:� ,� , r `�� ` �c�; � � �.- y Bridge 261 Replacement � Shovel Test Bridge 261 APE �' w �. �. � (�; Excavated (Negative) ---- Road Excavated (Positive} - Creek � �� Delineation {Negative� � � Not Excavated „ � � ti 0 1i1 20 30 40 50 ,��, '��, �♦ r Meters � .� �x �� • ��. ...n»,�._. : ._ � = rd�«� t- : :� . ' , . ., _ tis' `r��1 �`�_c�, � �. �,�. �•� � � `�� r��i '-' � '�1'„ ; ��,� "� �,� ` �-, ��4.""��i'. Figure 4: Aerial photograph of the A.P.E. showing the shovel test locations. "NO NATIONAL 2F_GISTFR F.I.IGIBLF. OR L/STFU .9RCHAF,OLOGICAL SITF„S PRF.SFNT OR AFFF.CTED foi-na Jor Minor Trnns�a•[atioia Projecls �is OucdiJied in dee 2007 Proeroni�nqtic Agreement. 7of14 I�gricultu�al�FielelJ \ � ��` +�'L`�`�,'''� \ . . . . �'.`, \�ti��k `� p �.r �.• ��i► .� I � p ., • �JB� 4R! ��\ � � � � - � ti SR 13U4_ _ _ - - - � � - -- _ -_. - -- -- - -- -- - - - - � _ � a .. � ----- ---- �� 4 � � '� �P .� �P .• CS�r�1 � � i R �2 W firrJ � �p .� � _� D 1 (��1� � � � �.,� — ` !_ ` � . �� , � ',?�,� -- �` \ `' `` w tr _ Brsdge 2fi1 Replaeemer�t _—, Shovel Test Bridg€ 261 APE Exeavated (NegaOi�e) --- �oad Excavsped (Positive} — �reek � deline�tian (Negati�ej 4-ft Gonlour ' � Not'Excavated 0 t0 2p 30 40 50 •h�,. i Meters ' ►Ag ri cu ltu'ra lI�ie`I d] Figure 5: LiDAR image of the A.P.E. showing the topography and the shovel test locations. "NO NATIONAL 2F_GISTFR F.I.IGIBLF. OR L/STFD ARCHAF,OLOGICAL SlTF„S PRF.SFNT OR AFFF.CTED foi-na Jor Minor Trnns�a•[atioia Projecls �is OucdiJied in dee 2007 Proeroni�nqtic Agreement. Aof14 C _-�'iS�'a; ��,e�,.~�� ,�;;;;� � .� ,�► �q;;.�l• ^.� �!,4�.�. ��+�,1," 1 .�,. F .? .�" . \. '� }�� 5 ��: •1Y � '� �r�l� �.`�� . _� � i✓.� l��t..�`} .: A ��f,4/�� . � � � . �' . � i �T � � �.'✓ '�i� � 7 "� �N +w. � �y� r � � � y�.�Y . r 1 s � I ��.. � �,. � �� . ,� � . ` � N r �� ,�.•:. �-, � .: � - �'�y 'P' n � ' Y � �� ' " � �� '� ��, ifl� � l�h �� ! I P � �r. r �!� � �x� 1 + � '� � ;�' �� ri� "[ I 1. x,y � �� il, . . , y.r�r , C, ��f' i� � � y�,� � . , f, IG� � .��, . J�� .,. �.. . Y , �� ,�"��ly'i3 �„ �� `- � � �.:r4'`'�r _'-�'>=+l►-� . � „�,.y� � ; * � � �p u ��`�� f�:. .� L'/Si+'j3' ' "�� ', • r � � � , 1�iT f' . ( �. I�'� ,_ . . hy .��_ �� - � �'�1�11"��` �� `� � �!t�.j1 - � � , J�� 7 _ �k — J � Ji�i��a -- � . �P�iJ i ��T..F �� {,;; ' .. i .d�: . � � i�J `�� t �.., —�;t� , ' � /� wil� Figure 6: North view of the northwest quadi�ant. �,-•� ,�� , «�1,;;� .:, ��`w�,'� "' ' - � --.�.rw.��.�t:iir�<.��,w:.�J��" n`�fid�;i��,u�,.f,�;_' �fiw,,vwwC�.:, ,ar�''a�fAiw �'��'..<- � - !i� b! ,��-- . ` � — ��-�__ �' r� .;; , � � . .Y�� .�. - . . . . . . � . . � , � �II ,. , � , .t �i � �.,v . _ , Y .4 �'�_ � �� ' W �:JF�`��. _ , . ��.;�� N - ` ;_- - _ ! t * . � � t - ; f � ` l y t�� __ i _ i., �� p �, f 3� r.'�' _ a? r s� , 1':P ] � Y � �` '� 4•. • �� . .. i �l _ . _r , a� ... . . . . � i �. . � n.. . � r �..1 i - t. _`.yG 4 r � � .. . . . Figure 7: Southwest view of the northwest quadrant. "NO NATIONAL 2F_GISTFR F.I.IGIBLF. OR L/STFU ARCHAF,OLOGICAL SlTF„S PRF.SFNT OR AFFF.CTED foi-na Jor Minor Trnns�a•[atioia Projecls �is OucdiJied in dee 2007 Proeroni�nqtic Agreement. 9of14 6 �� N,. �' tl r Ji /�- 1 �a. lh: y� VA�� I� l'� I�! `� � k V•_;k�q?"p��'I f� l _ . * . x-�p`" ♦ . �L ` rJ '�: . i ��*�'� �:`�` . � � - ��.'+ 1 . `;� � �' _ ��r ��_ 7 � - L , -i . � a .. � � ��r t �' �,�: � : r��, �,_ °.�mi�ill�lll � j ._.�� .��' - -t,�. -. ♦ � ' � -'Y �. � . . y ., � . � ��f��` ��-_ - �._� 1; – _ _ �� ' _—, . ._ _ � K'� ~ � .y. t _ � —_ ti r� �t � r .: ,'�� :;; �,, ��,�� '� . , _a Figure 8: Northeast view of the southwest quadrant. ;, ,: :; . �:, , s �Y� � . . ' i �� v i yr . � � �° �. 1� _ . Ik a.l� . �-:' � r� ' - � �� . ::l7 � ��': N� �� '� � �y� fG � ��w� . c �� ""'"'��3iM� PM�"f �� ; � _ _ �,�_� . ��,,.1 � �,. ��dt �y CM�b 1�_..�d � ��,il ��'�� . -._yki�l;�y - _ _ _ � r . . - � � `' _ � � �' � � : .�. � � :_: � � � � � � -� � �� _ �.-� �� :. _ -�-�. r��: �' r:�� . �: . � _ � - �� ' ��'r � ° -- � . F�' I .� , 1 � ,,,, _ . �: �,:.. � `� , � � ' ��r ;,, �.:� .. ' - � �' s!�; � x4lrc;.' t�� `'� � 4, . -' � ; . bl� ' s �� .:a � . - i,s. ' ." �J t �� Y �.. .. : � �� i � . � . .M.fk�i `�.��4�` u. ! �u i�r�' � '"� i.�. i�t,� �vi��re�Ta t8vi I�" ''�� .� F r 'z `!� � = i. � � -`�� {A e . '� , .-5�- �_ , I �.. :, . �, � �, .. 5. .µ�.. 6 3' � Y.., .. . . ... . - Figure 9: Southwest view of the southwest quadrant. "NO NATIONAL 2F_GISTFR F.I.IGIBLF. OR L/STFD ARCHAF,OLOGICAL SlTF„S PRF.SFNT OR AFFF.CTED foi-na Jor Minor Trnns�a•[atioia Projecls �is OucdiJied in dee 2007 Proeroni�nqtic Agreement. 10 of 14 '�.. °'�. �=1 '-�„r � � ,� .�;^,.9 °r-�- ' r •►:w� �,�7A��'''+� :;� - �. °�3 �} ' i \ � i" �� ` .�� k �RJ.�C�� . �. - . � ��-� . �sR.. i'.. _ _.—. . , : �ti -l. �'a� .r y� m � T4 �I E " .:_ I �.. �,� . _ � �,� � �, _ r . .. . - . . - . -X '-• �� y. � �!: "-.-p_ "+�r�_ I � � . . r �y � �� "F�°0.M�.�1�"'��R •°tj�iyf,�t�,� 4A..��1l, . y� � � 'M ,��CT,A��4 �_��i� ��an . . � - .. . . !Jw, �.4� �i .,,4. 11 J �� .� � . I. \� l N..-'. ' _/y .1� A. � ��g{ � � Y . �J ,�". ��*�j�n�3,.�'��"��'�� y A�`�� :�: � ��"a1'*�'�' , ^" �?a�'� �1 �'�!xl+.'1C�M'aT'Ac�'a��YG7��a �5 "��+��K" �'�� A� � y >� � J •�� #rr�ti'i I �+�� 1 �!+n �: . . . . � .� �, . 1 r . I .' vF r � / - ; �; .. i �' i i .1�I I ' ' I ' ,.1� ,� � h � � t A � . ,�• `t � j� � � . .� � �`. A � �ii;�'� 7as � �;e ''� � i � ( � _ a J � . ' p [ � r •, t ;� ` i �i�� i� `�� ,� � '�' � r � �1 � - � �' � � ��. r y. � y.. 1. �.� � Yti. •: . F ��.ri� j¢�� j ' +{r:4 l � , � 1 i � � h�fqry5,t;<a�sr'� _ i r , `�'.� . i,., f .« � � � � r��j4 e•�. ,- tuu� ...� � �:^ ' : � �-. - u � "% ��` ' ... .i �,� �.y' . , � a �� ` . y ��y�l�e , e �` ;s'3) �, _ • r�. '� . r A��'.�'. , �. � � Mn � �, ` �3 S•.,�. , l � � . . �, �. . r � � � pt:�'' ,� � � �� , P � � < � . ",�-•y� � �+ii � •' .y �'. - ^' � t !' ( �'\ � �� i� ., `�tay� , ,'p � � � � y� , f M1k � ��S��i Fff �..� , � ,..� t,,' ��11 � �� 1 C I ,�� A 0" .n � �s �6 ,- � ' �� + �� . � ce ,+ �� y � t ��r�t�� .��'�'��i � �. �i' t n q� te �I y ��r 's ` � .:��M�� m �^. �v� '2�� i . . ; � ,�`� 1L l� ;�tia y 1, ti +. : r� • �r "��'\�� 'F p� ��'a �. l � - • ,� \ � " � � � � �' '� �9 . � ,y� �\« � � r ,�� : K r'„ld 9'i� � 2 , .. � d� �'. �t+ �� : ..j�. A� � _.. � .^� 29 � � `q' ` ` � 1 -: I a � � i � � �[;i� � ,{�� 1 a.�. C . + "` . -�, .�. r �t�. � 7 _.� ��rf �. � . � � �.�r P � ij i�� i �•Ic �� . yh .:.q 1 � r i �. ► � y,��: '4r 1 �G� � � ,',ti� ��ia s-.,a� i�: a M � ti I iY�i �R � I�I�� NI � � ��'�i. S y ' u � 4 n `4e�+ev..r:�;,'�,.�'^"� _r�.,i�.� . .. . �`�'..�:, a�� r: ir��:111i :� �dal.ld l�r:`' . ;\.:'�1'i R• �al,i�a �_•�';.,'�� X�.�.� -.. Figure 10: West view of the southeast quadrant. -- ------ "�� - � ��« . �_ �b �l� r �� ;L� �- '� � ��. J�: � s�y .-�5 % _ -,`„t, � „�: _ �� • �:" �vg.r��k,��►'j��1" `�� ., . � A ,:N�-- � �. �y, - cYs r+ jc�.�' a� : - ,� `�� 4 � . �e! � 4 0� �I� '� } ..s��. � . .S."_ .c .� `:_r � �. _, . w'� , i _; ti+�il1 ' f ° . : �; - {` :.:'x . •:—, - - • __ ; . - -,�, � � � � �� ,�� ;� �� ` .. .� J; f � , �; - � - � � ' ;: . ,.�_ � ;,; � r�� •� b , � �'~ ` d -j 0.i-,tA ;r��? # ��.� ��cj �. . r # "� � {��,'��'�,�� .,. a ;�,�� > �, ^� .��'-� . `�� ' 1. - �t�r � �� " ' � ti � ; � ' � .� �� ,Y .. .. `. /t . ;� 1 ' P. � �', 1 q � �� y . ��. � � � a , _ . ,.' , .,. t .,Y � ^ ?1'�'� > ,��'f ' , ' ' 4 - : �6��i- � '�` . r, ;.4 �p Fy , ,��,r:�'�i .�.r:l� ` �,'�.f •�.,, � , Fi �,y�, ' ��»41 y� ��e h'° ` '',Raq�- a , � � . ��! .. . . - }'�.F��k�%`: u'': . . �� . ` . , . Figure 1 1: East view of the southeast quadrant. "NO NATIONAL 2F_GISTFR F.I.IGIBLF. OR L/STFU ARCHAF,OLOGICAL SITF„S PRF.SFNT OR AFFF.CTED foi-na Jor Minor Trnns�a•[atioia Projecls �is OucdiJied in dee 2007 Proeroni�nqtic Agreement. 11 of 14 Four shovel tests were excavated at a 30-meter (100-ft.) interval, revealing between 20-30 centimeters (8-12 in.) of brown silty clay loam over yellowish brown clay subsoil. Subsoil was encountered at shallower levels than what is expected for floodplain terrain. This is likely due to erosion and disturbance from road construction. Shovel Test 4, located approximately 10 meters (33 ft.) east of the creek, contained a quartz flake/flake fragment in the upper 15 centimeters (6 in.) of soil. This shovel test is situated on a floodplain in a pasture, approximately 15 meters (49 ft.) south of SR 1304. A berm runs parallel to the road, approximately 10 meters (33 ft.) north of Shovel Test 4. The area has been disturbed from road construction and erosion. In order to collect more artifacts, define the site boundaries, and evaluate the soil conditions, four additional shovel tests were excavated around ST 4 at a shorter (10-meter [33-ft.]) interval. Two STs were excavated to the east, between ST 4 and ST 3, and two STs were excavated to the south. These shovel tests all exposed 15 centimeters (6 in.) of brown silty clay loam overlying 10 centimeters (4 in.) of yellowish brown silty clay. There was no reoom to put a shovel tests to the north. The creek inhibited shovel testing to the west of the positive shovel test. No other artifacts were located during the delineation around ST 4. A site is defined as an area containing two or more artifacts of a possible single occupation in a 30- meter (98-ft.) or less diameter of surface exposure; or where at least two shovel tests within a 30- meter (98-ft.) radius were positive (containing one or more artifacts); or where surface or subsurface cultural features are present. Locations with fewer than three artifacts and no features are classified as isolated finds or isolates. Although isolates are rarely considered to meet NRHP eligibility criteria, their locations and settings are documented. A North Carolina Archaeological Isolate form has been completed for this resource and submitted to the OSA. It has been assigned state site number 31 WT382. This isolated find has been disturbed by modern land use; contains a small, shallow artifact assemblage; and lacks the potential for features. Isolate 31WT382 has no further research potential and is recommended ineligible for the NRHP. The northeast quadrant is flat floodplain from the bridge east (Figure 12). There is a large barn within the A.P.E. next to the road approximately 10 meters (33 ft.) east of the bridge (Figure 13). There is an abandoned house trailer located 50 meters (164 ft.) east of the bridge and 5 meters (16 ft.) north of the road. The area behind (north o fl the structures is currently used as a pasture or hay field. Three STs (2-4) were excavated in the northeastern quadrant. Two were placed between the trailer home and the barn, and one was placed between the barn and the creek. None contained any artifacts. The STs exposed 15 centimeters (6 in.) of brown silty clay loam overlying yellowish brown clay subsoil. In the northeast quadrant, as in the southeast quadrant, shovel test depths were shallower than expected for floodplain landforms. Subsoil was reached at a shallower depth because of disturbance from the construction of a barn and trailer in this quadrant and due to buried cables. One artifact, isolate 31WA382, was identified during the survey of Bridge 261. This isolate does not meet NRHP eligibility criteria. The replacement of Bridge 261 will, therefore, not impact any significant archaeological resources. No further work is recommended. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 12 of 14 _ F �, ,_ �-. i^. - ,X- -,�� - , � ti�.�- i � ;� ��- , . + !'ij �' �— .� ,. r� .y��:�",'�,� .. __._ �-- -��" �� ,,� - � � � • • - '�r�+�� . 1' � b � �,u- r t '�- , . �_— 3 , -------��r � .t '. Y � . , � �t-� �_ ��.d �r. .}� � � ._ ,,��`', �r �;:�P�"""" �� : ��: -�� :fF��' 7'a :y. � . di. . �R" 1� ��+r' Y,, � f"' r .��.F� , ' li: �. - . � �, . i ..•.� �.,� 4. � � `R_�. � , . , '- . i� ��w�p � . . . �t?: �. - � • 1 '�'�'� "7�' . � , 'q�,,�• a• , - ��k�. �� I . �'V: �i� � - �' �� . � � _ �' � �' . , � f�, ,.,►�...^�a '. . �.a. !/ � . � Figure 12: Northwest view of the northeast quadrant. � "NO NATIONAL 2F_GISTFR F.I.IGIBLF. OR L/STFD ARCHAF,OLOGICAL SlTF„S PRF.SFNT OR AFFF.CTED foi-na Jor Minor Trnns�a•[atioia Projecls �is OucdiJied in dee 2007 Proeroni�nqtic Agreement. 13 of 14 References Cited Jones, David M., editor 2010 The Light Fantastic: Using Airborne Lidar in Archaeological Survey., English Herigate Publishing, Swindon, UK. North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) 2014 Lidar image. Electronic Document. http://connect.ncdot.gov/resource/gis/Pages/Cont- Elev v2.aspx, accessed October 3, 2014. Purrington, Burton L. 1975 A Preliminary Report of Archaeological Sui^veys in Watauga County, North Carolina, 1970-1974. Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina. Schuckman, Karen and Mike Renslow 2014 Slope, Aspect and Hillshade. Electronic Document. www.e-education.psu.edu/lidar, accessed October 23, 2014. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 2014 Web Soil Survey. Electronic Document. www.websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov, accessed September 30, 2014. United States Geological Survey (USGS) 1938 Sherwood, NC USGS 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle (photorevised 1969). "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 14 of 14