NC0038377_Mayo Kd Addendum 02-02-2016_20171101

Addendum to Soil Sorption Evaluation
Mayo Steam Electric Plant
Person County, NC

Prepared for:
Synterra
148 River Road Suite 220
Greenville SC 29601
Investigators:
William G. Langley, Ph.D., P.E.
Dongwook Kim, Ph.D.

UNC Charlotte / Lee College of Engineering
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
EPIC Building 3252
9201 University City Blvd.
Charlotte, NC 28223

February 2, 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Background ......................................................................................................................... 1
2 Results ................................................................................................................................ 1
3 Comments and Recommendations ..................................................................................... 1
4 References ......................................................................................................................... 3
TABLES
Table 1. Arsenic
Table 2. Boron
Table 3. Chromium
Table 4. Cobalt
Table 5. Thallium
Table 6. Vanadium

FIGURES
(See Tables 1-6 for figure numbers)

1

1 Background
This addendum provides three sorption isotherm equations for batch data analyzed and initially
reported in the Soil Sorption Evaluation for Mayo Steam Electric Plant (Langley and Oza 2015).
The isotherm model equations are:

Linear: S = KdC

Linear with S0 > 0: S = KdC + S0

Freundlich: S = KfC1/n

where S is the constituent concentration on soil (ug/g), Kd is the linear sorption coefficient (ml/g),
C is the constituent concentration in water (ug/l), S0 is the soil concentration at C = 0, n is the
unitless Freundlich exponent, and Kf is the Freundlich constant (l1/nug(1-1/n)/g). The parameters
Kd, S0, Kf, and n are estimated using linear regressions on the sorption data. The parameter S0
represents that portion of constituent concentration on the soil that is sorbed irreversibly.

2 Results
Results are provided in Tables 1 through 6 by constituent and sample. The results include
parameter estimates and indicators of the goodness-of-fit of the resulting model equations to the
sorption data.

3 Comments and Recommendations
In addition to the general comments and qualifiers offered in the original report, the following
comments and recommendations are provided.

For the fate and transport model, the range of sorption estimates (maximum and minimum)
should be used as the upper and lower limits for selecting a calibrated value that is consistent
with measured constituents.

For a specific constituent and sample, the isotherm model with the minimum chi-square value
best represents the lab data in its arithmetic form.

Linear isotherms with S0 < 0 are considered not applicable because they imply negative soil
concentrations (S) as constituent concentration (C) approaches zero.

For linear isotherms with S0 > 0, the y-intercept S0 is assumed to represent irreversible sorption
as opposed to previous exposure to the constituent in the field which is manifested as a
negative-sloping or irregular isotherm as would have been noted in the original report.

2

Freundlich isotherms with n < 1 are considered not applicable because they are not concave
downward (Freundlich 1924).

For constituents not considered for Mayo, sorption values may be transferable from other sites
with similar geochemical settings, or may be estimated using site-specific data from the
Comprehensive Site Assessment in a geochemical model.

3

4 References
Freundlich H. 1924. The Elements of Colloidal Chemistry, translated by George Barger. Dutton
and Company Publishers: New York, NY, pp. 58-61.
Langley, W.G. and Oz, Shubhashini. Soil Sorption Evaluation for Mayo Steam Electric Plant,
UNC-Charlotte, October 2015.
Ho, Yuh-Shan, Wen-Ta Chiu, and Chung-Chi Wang. "Regression analysis for the sorption
isotherms of basic dyes on sugarcane dust." Bioresource technology 96.11 (2005): 1285-1291.
Matott, L. Shawn, IsoFit Documentation and User’s Guide Version 1.2, State University of New
York at Buffalo Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Version 1.2,
updated 01/18/07.
Table 1 Arsenic
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
ABMW – 2 5 5 0.166 0.984 0.527 0.172 0.998 0.142 0.200 0.944 0.966 0.180 1,2
ABMW – 2 BR 5 5 0.006 0.985 0.095 0.007 0.987 0.101 0.006 0.992 0.944 0.098 3,4
MW – 3 BR 5 5 0.010 0.740 3.348 0.009 0.723 3.534 5,6
MW – 5 BR 5 5 0.004 0.865 0.788 0.003 0.955 0.234 0.004 0.973 0.620 0.254 7,8
MW – 8 BR 5 5 0.517 0.954 1.126 0.533 0.933 1.918 9,10
MW – 12 BR (50) 5 5 0.607 0.974 1.723 0.576 0.970 2.267 0.535 0.857 0.983 0.357 0.503 0.937 0.982 0.370 1.072 0.804 0.991 0.128 1.110 0.778 0.990 0.115 11,12
MW – 12 BR (88.5) 3 3 1.795 0.998 0.068 1.638 0.994 0.232 1.693 0.429 0.999 0.017 1.483 0.730 0.996 0.045 2.028 0.927 0.999 0.008 2.056 0.871 0.996 0.019 13,14
MW – 13 BR 5 5 0.092 0.911 1.997 0.034 0.963 0.676 0.028 0.333 0.979 0.062 0.117 0.703 0.996 0.011 15,16
MW – 16 BR (36.5) 5 5 0.070 0.909 1.703 0.092 0.981 0.736 17,18
MW – 16 BR (54) 5 5 0.008 0.978 0.222 0.009 0.922 0.761 19,20
SB – 7 2 2 4.269 0.999 0.022 5.681 0.964 0.652 21,22
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 5.681 1.693 0.937 2.056 0.992
Minimum 0.003 0.028 0.333 0.004 0.703
Median 0.092 0.535 0.730 0.636 0.899
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005, Ng et al. 2002).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from Freundlich regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
Fig. Nos.Trial A Trial B
Linear isotherm, So > 0
Trial A
Freundlich isotherm
Trial BWell ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0
Trial A Trial B
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
FreundlichLinear S0>0
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(e)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(e)
(e)
(d)
(d)(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)(e)
(e)
(e)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(e)
(e)
Table 2 Boron
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
ABMW – 2 4 4 0.001 0.990 0.015 0.001 0.933 0.121 23,24
ABMW – 2 BR 3 2 0.000 0.528 0.152 0.001 0.835 0.105 25,26
MW – 3 BR 4 4 0.001 0.785 0.293 0.001 0.941 0.068 0.031 0.336 0.001 0.354 27,28
MW – 5 BR 2 2 0.001 0.789 0.138 0.000 0.914 0.031 29,30
MW – 8 BR 5 5 0.002 0.785 0.949 0.002 0.910 0.300 31,32
MW – 12 BR (50) 5 4 0.001 0.942 0.108 0.001 0.789 0.366 33,34
MW – 12 BR (88.5) 5 5 0.001 0.902 0.261 0.002 0.648 1.667 35,36
MW – 13 BR 3 5 0.000 0.974 0.012 0.001 0.818 0.326 0.002 0.675 0.013 0.012 37,38
MW – 16 BR (36.5) 3 4 0.001 0.974 0.029 0.000 0.825 0.121 39,40
MW – 16 BR (54) 2 0 0.000 0.907 0.012 41,-
SB – 7 0 0 -,-
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 0.002 - - 0.031 0.675
Minimum 0.000 - - 0.002 0.336
Median 0.001 - - 0.017 0.506
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from Freundlich regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
Fig. Nos.Trial B
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B Trial A
(d)
(e)
(e)
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
(e)
(e)(d)
(d)(d)(e)
(e)
(e)(d)(d)
(g)
(d)
(d)
(g)(g)
(d)
(g)(g)(g)
(e)(e)
(g)(g)
(e)(e)
(e)
(e)
(d)
(d)(e)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(e)(d)
(e)(d)
(g)
(d)
(d)(e)
(d)
Table 3 Chromium
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
ABMW – 2 4 4 0.032 0.833 0.102 0.047 0.822 0.178 0.048 0.785 0.176 0.257 42,43
ABMW – 2 BR 0 0 -,-
MW – 3 BR 0 0 -,-
MW – 5 BR 0 0 -,-
MW – 8 BR 0 0 -,-
MW – 12 BR (50) 1 1 0.003 0.003 (f)44,45
MW – 12 BR (88.5) 0 0 -,-
MW – 13 BR 4 4 0.011 0.811 0.059 0.013 0.916 0.023 0.011 0.013 0.550 0.020 0.021 0.725 0.616 0.022 46,47
MW – 16 BR (36.5) 0 0 -,-
MW – 16 BR (54) 1 0 0.418 48,-
SB – 7 3 3 0.006 0.927 0.020 0.006 0.812 0.059 49,50
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 0.418 0.011 0.013 0.048 0.785
Minimum 0.0027 0.011 0.013 0.021 0.725
Median 0.011 0.011 0.013 0.034 0.755
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from Freundlich regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(d)(d)(e)(e)
(d)(e)
(g)
(f)(g)
(g)(g)
(f)(f)(f)(f)
(g)
(g)(g)(g)(g)
(g)(g)(g)(g)
(g)
(g)(g)(g)(g)
(d)(d)(e)
(g)(g)(g)
Well ID
No.
data points
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B
Trial A Trial B
Fig. Nos.Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g) (g)
(f)
(g)
(g)
(f)(g)
(g)
(g)(g) (g)
(f)
(g)
(g) (g)
(g)
Table 4 Cobalt
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
ABMW – 2 3 3 0.770 0.868 1.753 1.691 0.980 0.605 0.685 0.478 0.549 1.425 1.552 0.408 0.940 0.445 1.289 0.648 0.703 1.710 1.848 0.918 0.809 0.487 51,52
ABMW – 2 BR 2 0 1.732 0.990 0.201 1.420 0.896 1.000 0.000 2.315 0.740 1.000 0.000 53,-
MW – 3 BR 0 0 -,-
MW – 5 BR 1 0 6.552 54,-
MW – 8 BR 4 0 0.909 0.884 1.731 55,-
MW – 12 BR (50) 5 5 0.066 0.999 0.020 0.069 0.996 0.054 56,57
MW – 12 BR (88.5) 3 3 2.226 0.972 0.497 2.256 0.953 0.716 58,59
MW – 13 BR 4 4 0.839 0.877 1.114 1.528 0.700 7.245 1.481 0.154 0.218 7.269 1.352 0.940 0.439 9.470 60,61
MW – 16 BR (36.5) 0 0 -,-
MW – 16 BR (54) 1 0 6.552 62,-
SB – 7 4 3 0.908 0.897 1.828 1.277 0.999 0.021 1.256 0.072 0.997 0.023 0.955 0.838 0.551 2.281 63,64
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 6.552 1.552 0.896 2.315 0.940
Minimum 0.0658 0.6853 0.072 0.955 0.648
Median 1.402 1.420 0.408 1.352 0.838
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from Freundlich regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
Fig. Nos.Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(f)
(g) (g)
(g)(f)
(e)
(g)
(e)
(g)
(g)
(d)
(f)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(g)
(d)
(g)
(d)
(d)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(e)
(g)
(g)
(e)
(f)
(e)
(e)
(f)
(e)
(e)
(g)
(g)
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
(g)
(f)
(g) (g)
(g)
(g)(g)
(d)
Table 5 Thallium
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
ABMW – 2 5 3 1.634 0.999 0.107 1.673 0.990 0.674 1.615 0.335 0.968 0.423 2.397 0.763 0.940 0.549 65,66
ABMW – 2 BR 5 5 0.509 0.987 0.897 0.570 0.982 1.155 67,68
MW – 3 BR 4 4 0.884 0.912 3.141 1.073 0.891 2.231 0.750 0.973 0.430 4.215 1.164 0.829 0.626 3.251 69,70
MW – 5 BR 5 5 0.901 0.786 5.680 1.442 0.936 2.811 71,72
MW – 8 BR 5 4 2.242 0.860 3.674 2.272 0.972 0.996 73,74
MW – 12 BR (50) 2 2 2.860 0.992 0.274 0.803 0.911 10.698 2.374 1.360 1.000 0.000 0.505 3.229 1.000 0.000 3.734 0.756 1.000 0.000 3.734 0.364 1.000 0.000 75,76
MW – 12 BR (88.5) 4 4 1.726 0.997 0.151 1.793 0.997 0.191 77,78
MW – 13 BR 2 3 4.656 0.858 4.651 0.145 0.974 0.029 79,80
MW – 16 BR (36.5) 5 5 0.455 0.952 1.351 0.698 0.943 1.699 0.791 0.833 0.784 2.577 81,82
MW – 16 BR (54) 5 5 0.330 0.986 2.043 0.347 0.989 2.127 0.310 0.501 0.975 0.660 0.325 0.522 0.983 0.425 0.780 0.700 0.907 1.230 0.852 0.690 0.948 0.940 83,84
SB – 7 5 5 1.210 0.988 0.433 1.419 0.982 0.704 85,86
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 4.656 2.374 3.229 3.734 0.973
Minimum 0.145 0.310 0.335 0.750 0.364
Median 1.141 0.505 0.522 1.008 0.759
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from Freundlich regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B Trial A
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
(e)
(d)
(d)(d)
(d)
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(d)
(d)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
Fig. Nos.Trial B
(e)
(e)(e)
(e)(e)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)(e)
(d)(e)
(e)
(d)
(d)
(e)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
Table 6 Vanadium
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
ABMW – 2 5 5 0.051 0.885 1.035 0.057 0.905 0.963 87,88
ABMW – 2 BR 5 0 0.038 0.984 0.115 0.038 0.004 0.954 0.116 89,-
MW – 3 BR 5 5 0.004 0.591 1.741 0.005 0.685 1.223 90,91
MW – 5 BR 0 0 -,-
MW – 8 BR 4 0 0.388 0.983 0.195 92,-
MW – 12 BR (50) 3 3 0.618 0.971 0.588 0.558 0.952 1.205 0.509 0.565 0.971 0.129 0.440 0.699 0.957 0.188 0.959 0.768 0.939 0.105 0.811 0.821 0.827 0.381 93,94
MW – 12 BR (88.5) 5 5 0.600 0.942 0.744 0.517 0.899 1.133 95,96
MW – 13 BR 5 5 0.052 0.990 0.116 0.057 0.995 0.076 97,98
MW – 16 BR (36.5) 0 4 0.040 0.925 0.500 0.042 0.944 0.695 0.644 -,99
MW – 16 BR (54) 5 5 0.002 0.864 0.186 0.002 0.776 0.377 100,101
SB – 7 2 1 2.179 0.978 0.172 4.050 102,103
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 4.050 0.509 0.699 0.959 0.944
Minimum 0.002 0.038 0.004 0.042 0.768
Median 0.057 0.440 0.565 0.811 0.821
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from Freundlich regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
(e)(e)(d)(d)
(g)
Fig. Nos.Trial B
Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial AWell ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0
Trial A Trial B
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(d)
(g)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(g) (g)
(g)
(f) (d)(f)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(f)
(e)
(e)
(g)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(g)
(e)
(g)
(e)
(e)
(g)
(e)
(g)
(g)
(e)
(d)
(g)
(g)
(g)
(g)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 10 20 30 40 50 60S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 1. Arsenic Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 10 20 30 40 50 60S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 2. Arsenic Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - B linear So=0 Freundlich
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 3. Arsenic Isotherms for ABMW –2 BR
Trial - A linear So=0 Freundlich
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 4. Arsenic Isotherms for ABMW –2 BR
Trial - B linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 5. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –3 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 6. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –3 BR
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 7. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –5 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 8. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –5 BR
Trial - B linear So=0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 3 6 9 12 15 18S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 9. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –8 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 3 6 9 12 15 18S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 10. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –8 BR
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 3 6 9 12 15 18S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 11. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 3 6 9 12 15 18S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 12. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 13. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 14. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 15. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 16. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 20 40 60 80 100S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 17. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –16 BR (36.5)
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 20 40 60 80 100S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 18. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –16 BR (36.5)
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 60 120 180 240 300 360S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 19. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –16 BR (54)
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 60 120 180 240 300 360S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 20. Arsenic Isotherms for MW –16 BR (54)
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 21. Arsenic Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 22. Arsenic Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 90 180 270 360 450 540S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 23. Boron Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 90 180 270 360 450 540S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 24. Boron Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 25. Boron Isotherms for ABMW –2 BR
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 26. Boron Isotherms for ABMW –2 BR
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 27. Boron Isotherms for MW –3 BR
Trial - A linear S0=0 Freundlich
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 28. Boron Isotherms for MW –3 BR
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 29. Boron Isotherms for MW –5 BR
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 30. Boron Isotherms for MW –5 BR
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 31. Boron Isotherms for MW –8 BR
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 32. Boron Isotherms for MW –8 BR
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 33. Boron Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 34. Boron Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 35. Boron Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 36. Boron Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 37. Boron Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - A linear S0=0 Freundlich
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 38. Boron Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 39. Boron Isotherms for MW –16 BR (36.5)
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 40. Boron Isotherms for MW –16 BR (36.5)
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0 100 200 300 400 500S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 41. Boron Isotherms for MW –16 BR (54)
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 42. Chromium Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - A linear So=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 43. Chromium Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - B linear So=0
0.000
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.010
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 44. Chromium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - A linear So=0
0.000
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.010
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 45. Chromium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - B linear So=0
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0 2 4 6 8 10S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 46. Chromium Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0 2 4 6 8 10S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 47. Chromium Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 48. Chromium Isotherms for MW –16 BR (54)
Trial - A linear So=0
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0 5 10 15 20S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 49. Chromium Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - A linear So=0
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.20
0 5 10 15 20S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 50. Chromium Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - B linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 51. Cobalt Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 52. Cobalt Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 53. Cobalt Isotherms for ABMW –2 BR
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 54. Cobalt Isotherms for MW –5 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 55. Cobalt Isotherms for MW –8 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 56. Cobalt Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 57. Cobalt Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - B linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 58. Cobalt Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 59. Cobalt Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - B linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 60. Cobalt Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 61. Cobalt Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 62. Cobalt Isotherms for MW –16 BR (54)
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 63. Cobalt Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - A linear So=0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 64. Cobalt Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 65. Thallium Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 66. Thallium Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 5 10 15 20 25 30S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 67. Thallium Isotherms for ABMW –2 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 5 10 15 20 25 30S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 68. Thallium Isotherms for ABMW –2 BR
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 2 4 6 8 10S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 69. Thallium Isotherms for MW –3 BR
Trial - A linear So=0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 2 4 6 8 10S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 70. Thallium Isotherms for MW –3 BR
Trial - B linear So=0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 2 4 6 8 10 12S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 71. Thallium Isotherms for MW –5 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0 2 4 6 8 10 12S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 72. Thallium Isotherms for MW –5 BR
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1 2 3 4 5S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 73. Thallium Isotherms for MW –8 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1 2 3 4 5S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 74. Thallium Isotherms for MW –8 BR
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 75. Thallium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 2 4 6 8 10 12S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 76. Thallium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 1 2 3 4 5 6S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 77. Thallium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 1 2 3 4 5 6S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 78. Thallium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 79. Thallium Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 80. Thallium Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - B linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 5 10 15 20S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 81. Thallium Isotherms for MW –16 BR (36.5)
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 5 10 15 20S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 82. Thallium Isotherms for MW –16 BR (36.5)
Trial - B linear So=0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 83. Thallium Isotherms for MW –16 BR (54)
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 84. Thallium Isotherms for MW –16 BR (54)
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 85. Thallium Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 86. Thallium Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 10 20 30 40 50S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 87. Vanadium Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 10 20 30 40 50S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 88. Vanadium Isotherms for ABMW –2
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0 10 20 30 40 50S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 89. Vanadium Isotherms for ABMW –2 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
0 30 60 90 120 150S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 90. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –3 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
0 30 60 90 120 150S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 91. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –3 BR
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 92. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –8 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 93. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 94. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (50)
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 95. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 96. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –12 BR (88.5)
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 97. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 98. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –13 BR
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 99. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –16 BR (36.5)
Trial - B linear So=0 Freundlich
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 50 100 150 200S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 100. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –16 BR (54)
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 50 100 150 200S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 101. Vanadium Isotherms for MW –16 BR (54)
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 102. Vanadium Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0S (ug/g)C (ug/l)
Figure 103. Vanadium Isotherms for SB –7
Trial - B linear So=0