20171285 Ver 1_Jurdistictional Determination_20171010

NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT

Replace Bridge No. 31 on Tobe Bridge Road (SR 2002) over Muddy Fork Creek
Cleveland County, North Carolina

TIP B-5390
Federal Aid Project No. BRSTP-2002(1)
WBS Element No. 46105.1.1

THE NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Unit
Natural Environment Section

May 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................... 1
2.0 METHODOLOGY AND QUALIFICATIONS ...................................................... 1
3.0 PHYSICAL RESOURCES ....................................................................................... 2
3.1 Soils ...................................................................................................................................... 2
3.2 Water Resources ................................................................................................................. 2
4.0 BIOTIC RESOURCES .............................................................................................. 3
4.1 Terrestrial Communities .................................................................................................... 3
4.1.1 Maintained/Disturbed ..................................................................................................... 3
4.1.2 Mixed Pine/Hardwood Forest ........................................................................................ 3
4.1.3 Terrestrial Community Impacts ..................................................................................... 4
4.2 Terrestrial Wildlife ............................................................................................................. 4
4.3 Aquatic Communities ......................................................................................................... 4
4.4 Invasive Species ................................................................................................................... 4
5.0 JURISDICTIONAL ISSUES .................................................................................... 5
5.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S. ................................................................................. 5
5.2 Clean Water Act Permits ................................................................................................... 5
5.3 Coastal Area Management Act Areas of Environmental Concern ................................ 5
5.4 Construction Moratoria ..................................................................................................... 5
5.5 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules ........................................................................................... 6
5.6 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters .................................................... 6
5.7 Wetland and Stream Mitigation ........................................................................................ 6
5.7.1 Avoidance and Minimization of Impacts................................................................... 6
5.7.2 Compensatory Mitigation of Impacts ........................................................................ 6
5.8 Endangered Species Act Protected Species ...................................................................... 6
5.9 Bald Eagle and Golden Eagle Protection Act ................................................................... 7
5.10 Endangered Species Act Candidate Species ................................................................... 8
5.11 Essential Fish Habitat ....................................................................................................... 8
6.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 9
Appendix A Figures
Figure 1. Vicinity Map
Figure 2. Project Study Area Map
Figure 3. Jurisdictional Features Map
Figure 4. Natural Communities Map
Appendix B Scientific Names of Species Identified in Report
Appendix C Stream Forms
Appendix D Qualifications of Contributors

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Soils in the study area .................................................................................................... 2
Table 2. Water resources in the study area ................................................................................ 2
Table 3. Physical characteristics of water resources in the study area .................................... 2
Table 4. Coverage of terrestrial communities in the study area .............................................. 4
Table 5. Jurisdictional characteristics of water resources in the study area .......................... 5
Table 6. Federally protected species listed for Cleveland County. .......................................... 6

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
1 May 2013
1.0 INTRODUCTION

The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to replace bridge
number 31 on Tobe Bridge Road (SR 2002) over Muddy Fork Creek (TIP B-5390) in
Cleveland County (Figure 1). The following Natural Resources Technical Report
(NRTR) has been prepared to assist in the preparation of a Categorical Exclusion (CE)
for the proposed project.

2.0 METHODOLOGY AND QUALIFICATIONS

All work was conducted in accordance with the NCDOT Natural Environment Unit
standard operating procedures and July 2012 NRTR template. Field work was conducted
on March 21, 2013. Jurisdictional areas identified in the study area have not been
verified by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) or the North Carolina Division
of Water Quality (NCDWQ) as only perennial streams exist in the project area and they
do not require field verification. The principal personnel contributing to this document
were:

Principal
Investigator: Scott G. Davis
Education: B.S. Environmental Science - Ecology
Experience: Senior Scientist, Axiom Environmental, 2008-present
Project Scientist, Senior Scientist, EcoScience Corporation, 2004-2008
Expertise: Wetland/stream delineations and assessments, GIS, figure preparation,
document preparation, natural community identification and assessment,
T&E species surveys, benthic invertebrate surveys, amphibian surveys,
and botanical surveys.

Investigator: Alexander P. (Sandy) Smith
Education: B.S. Biology, 1983
M.S. Marine Biology, 1988
Experience: Senior Project Manager, Axiom Environmental, 2008-present
Senior Project Manager, Vice-President, EcoScience Corporation, 1998-
2008
Senior Project Manager, Environmental Services, Inc., 1993-1998
Scientist, CZR, Inc., 1988-1993
Expertise: Project coordination, wetland/stream delineations, wetland/stream
assessment, document preparation, natural community identification and
assessment, T&E species surveys, wildlife (fish, amphibian, reptile, bird,
and mammal) surveys, and botanical surveys.

Additional personnel who contributed to portions of the field work and/or documentation
for this project were Kenan Jernigan and Phillip Perkinson. Appendix D lists the
qualifications of these contributors.
Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
2 May 2013
3.0 PHYSICAL RESOURCES

The study area lies in the southern physiographic region of North Carolina (Figure 2).
Topography in the project vicinity is comprised of low rounded hills and ridges with
narrow, level floodplains along streams that generally have cobble, gravel, and sandy
substrates. Elevations in the study area range from 762 to 844 feet above sea level. Land
use in the project vicinity consists primarily of agriculture, interspersed with residential
development along roadways and forestland along stream corridors.

3.1 Soils

The Web Soil Survey identifies four soil types within the study area (Table 1).

Table 1. Soils in the study area
Soil Series Mapping
Unit Drainage Class Hydric
Status
Chewacla loam Ch Somewhat Poorly Drained *Hydric
Hulett gravelly sandy loam Ht Well Drained Nonhydric
Hulett-Saw complex Hu Well Drained Nonhydric
Madison gravelly sandy clay loam Ma Well Drained Nonhydric
* - Soils which are primarily nonhydric, but which may contain hydric inclusions

3.2 Water Resources

Water resources in the study area are part of the Broad River basin [U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) Hydrologic Unit 03050105]. Two streams were identified in the study
area (Table 2). The location of each water resource is shown in Figure 3. The physical
characteristics of these streams are provided in Table 3.

Table 2. Water resources in the study area
Stream Name Map ID NCDWQ Index
Number
Best Usage
Classification
Muddy Fork Creek Muddy Fork Creek 9-53-6 C
UT to Muddy Fork Creek SA 9-53-6 C

Table 3. Physical characteristics of water resources in the study area
Map ID Bank
Height (ft)
Bankful
Width (ft)
Water
Depth (in)
Channel
Substrate Velocity Clarity
Muddy
Fork Creek 10-15 45 6-18
Sand,
Gravel,
Cobble
Fast Clear
SA 2-3 4 2 Sand,
Gravel Fast Clear
Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
3 May 2013
There are no designated anadromous fish waters or Primary Nursery Areas (PNA) present
in the study area. There are no designated Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW), High
Quality Waters (HQW), or water supply watersheds (WS-I or WS-II) within 1.0 mile
downstream of the study area. Muddy Creek is not listed on the North Carolina 2012
Final 303(d) list of impaired waters.

Benthic sampling and fish surveys have been conducted at Muddy Fork Creek at SR
2012, approximately 3.8 miles downstream of the study area. Benthic samples were given
a rating of “Excellent” in 2005. Fish surveys resulted in a rating of “Good-Fair” in 2004
(NCIBI = 46).

4.0 BIOTIC RESOURCES

4.1 Terrestrial Communities

Two terrestrial communities were identified in the study area: Maintained/Disturbed and
Mixed Pine/Hardwood Forest. Figure 4 shows the location and extent of these terrestrial
communities in the study area. A brief description of each community type follows.
Scientific names of all species identified are included in Appendix B.

4.1.1 Maintained/Disturbed
Maintained/Disturbed areas are scattered throughout the study area in places where the
vegetation is periodically mowed, such as roadside shoulders and residential lawns. This
community also includes a large area located in the southeast quadrant of the study area
that has been recently clear-cut. The vegetation within roadsides and maintained lawns is
generally comprised of low growing grasses and herbs, including fescue, clover, wild
geranium, wild onion, broomsedge, Queen Anne’s lace, chickweed, and henbit.
Vegetation along the margins of maintained roadsides and in recent clear-cut areas are
dominated by woody shrubs and saplings such as Chinese privet, blackberry, sweetgum,
honey locust, and eastern red cedar, and by woody vines such as poison ivy, Japanese
honeysuckle, and common greenbrier. Herbs are sparse and primarily include areas
dominated by Japanese grass.

4.1.2 Mixed Pine/Hardwood Forest
The Mixed Pine/Hardwood Forest community exists primarily in the floodplain of
Muddy Fork Creek and in the southwest quadrant of the study area where moderate
slopes occur along the valley of Stream SA. Dominant species in this community include
river birch, yellow poplar, sycamore, American beech, red maple, and northern red oak in
the overstory, and flowering dogwood, eastern red cedar, Chinese privet, ironwood, and
autumn olive in the understory. Vines are prevalent, including poison ivy, muscadine,
and common greenbrier, and herbs are sparse, including scattered individuals of
Christmas fern, cranefly orchid, ebony spleenwort, violets, and ground pine. Included in
this community is a small area dominated by white pine with little to no understory or
herbaceous layers.

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
4 May 2013
4.1.3 Terrestrial Community Impacts
Terrestrial communities in the study area may be impacted by project construction as a
result of grading and paving of portions of the study area. At this time, decisions
regarding the final location and design of the proposed bridge replacement have not been
made. Therefore, community data are presented in the context of total coverage of each
type within the study area (Table 4). Once a final alignment and preliminary design have
been determined, probable impacts to each community type will be calculated.

Table 4. Coverage of terrestrial communities in the study area
Community Coverage (acres)
Maintained/Disturbed 7.8
Mixed Pine/Hardwood Forest 1.7
Total 9.5

4.2 Terrestrial Wildlife

Terrestrial communities in the study area are comprised of both natural and disturbed
habitats that may support a diversity of wildlife species (those species actually observed
are indicated with *). Mammal species that commonly exploit open areas as well as
forested habitats and stream corridors found within the study area include species such as
eastern cottontail, raccoon, Virginia opossum, groundhog, coyote, and white-tailed deer.
Birds that commonly use forest and forest edge habitats include the American crow, blue
jay, Carolina chickadee*, tufted titmouse, northern mockingbird, white-throated sparrow,
and yellow-rumped warbler. Birds that may use the open habitat within the study area
include red-tailed hawk*, eastern bluebird, eastern meadowlark, American robin,
common grackle, and turkey vulture. Reptile and amphibian species that may use
terrestrial communities located in the study area include the American toad, corn snake,
rat snake, copperhead, eastern box turtle, eastern fence lizard, five-lined skink, white-
spotted slimy salamander, and northern dusky salamander.

4.3 Aquatic Communities

Aquatic communities in the study area consist of two perennial piedmont streams. These
streams could support bluehead chub, golden shiner, rosyside dace, three-lined
salamander, northern dusky salamander, and redbreast sunfish.

4.4 Invasive Species

Four species from the NCDOT Invasive Exotic Plant List for North Carolina were found
to occur in the study area. The species identified were Chinese privet (Threat), autumn
olive (Moderate Threat), Japanese honeysuckle (Moderate Threat), and Japanese grass
(Threat). NCDOT will manage invasive plant species as appropriate.

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
5 May 2013

5.0 JURISDICTIONAL ISSUES

5.1 Clean Water Act Waters of the U.S.

Two jurisdictional streams were identified in the study area (Table 5). The locations of
these streams are shown on Figure 3. USACE and NCDWQ stream delineation forms are
included in Appendix C. The physical characteristics and water quality designations of
each jurisdictional stream are detailed in Section 3.2. All jurisdictional streams in the
study area have been designated as warm water streams for the purposes of stream
mitigation.

Table 5. Jurisdictional characteristics of water resources in the study area
Map ID Length
(ft.) Classification Compensatory
Mitigation Required
River Basin
Buffer
Muddy Fork Creek 204 Perennial Yes Not Subject
SA 173 Perennial Yes Not Subject
Total 377

No jurisdictional wetlands were identified within the study area.

5.2 Clean Water Act Permits

The proposed project has been designated as a Categorical Exclusion (CE) for the
purposes of National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) documentation. As a result, a
Nationwide Permit (NWP) 23 will likely be applicable. A NWP No. 33 may also apply
for temporary construction activities such as stream dewatering, work bridges, or
temporary causeways that are often used during bridge construction or rehabilitation.
The USACE holds the final discretion as to what permit will be required to authorize
project construction. If a Section 404 permit is required then a Section 401 Water
Quality Certification (WQC) from the NCDWQ will be needed.

5.3 Coastal Area Management Act Areas of Environmental Concern

No Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC)
were identified in the study area.

5.4 Construction Moratoria

There are no trout waters within the study area, and Cleveland County is not a designated
trout county. Therefore, no moratoria are anticipated for this project.
Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
6 May 2013
5.5 N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules

No streams within the study area are subject to any N.C. River Basin Buffer Rules.

5.6 Rivers and Harbors Act Section 10 Navigable Waters

No streams within the study area are subject to Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act.

5.7 Wetland and Stream Mitigation

5.7.1 Avoidance and Minimization of Impacts

The NCDOT will attempt to avoid and minimize impacts to streams and wetlands to the
greatest extent practicable in choosing a preferred alternative and during project design.
At this time, no final decisions have been made with regard to the location or design of
the preferred alternative.

5.7.2 Compensatory Mitigation of Impacts

The NCDOT will investigate potential on-site stream and wetland mitigation
opportunities once a final decision has been rendered on the location of the preferred
alternative. If on-site mitigation is not feasible, mitigation will be provided by North
Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Ecosystem Enhancement
Program (EEP).

5.8 Endangered Species Act Protected Species

As of September 22, 2010 the United States Fish and Wildlife (USFWS) lists one
federally protected species for Cleveland County (Table 6). A brief description of the
species’ habitat requirements follows, along with the Biological Conclusion rendered
based on survey results in the study area. Habitat requirements for this species are based
on the current best available information from referenced literature and/or USFWS.

Table 6. Federally protected species listed for Cleveland County.
Scientific Name Common Name Federal
Status
Habitat
Present
Biological
Conclusion
Hexastylis naniflora Dwarf-flowered heartleaf T Yes No Effect
T - Threatened

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
7 May 2013
Dwarf-flowered heartleaf
USFWS optimal survey window: March-May

Habitat Description: Dwarf-flowered heartleaf is endemic to the western Piedmont and
foothills of North and South Carolina. This herbaceous evergreen is found in
moist to rather dry forests along bluffs; boggy areas next to streams and creek
heads; and adjacent hillsides, slopes, and ravines. Requiring acidic, sandy loam
soils, the species is found in soil series such as Pacolet, Madison, and Musella,
among others. Occurrences are generally found on a north facing slope.
Undisturbed natural communities such as Piedmont/Coastal Plain Heath Bluff,
Dry-Mesic Oak Hickory Forest, and Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest hold the most
viable populations. However, less viable remnant populations are found in
disturbed habitats, including logged, grazed, mown, and residential/commercial
developed lands; areas converted to pasture, orchards, and tree plantations;
roadside rights-of-way; and on upland slopes surrounding manmade ponds or
lakes.

Biological Conclusion: No Effect
Suitable habitat for dwarf-flowered heartleaf is present in the study area along
roadside shoulders and within forested areas. Surveys were conducted by Axiom
biologists throughout areas of suitable habitat on March 21, 2013. No individuals
of the Hexastylis genus were observed. A review of NCNHP records, updated
January 3, 2013, indicates no known occurrences within 1.0 mile of the study
area.

5.9 Bald Eagle and Golden Eagle Protection Act

Habitat for the bald eagle primarily consists of mature forest in proximity to large bodies
of open water for foraging. Large dominant trees are utilized for nesting sites, typically
within 1.0 mile of open water.

A desktop-GIS assessment of the project study area, as well as the area within a
1.13-mile radius (1.0 mile plus 660 feet) of the project limits, was performed on February
19, 2013 using 2010 color aerials. No water bodies large enough or sufficiently open to
be considered potential feeding sources were identified. Since there was no foraging
habitat within the review area, a survey of the project study area and the area within 660
feet of the project limits was not conducted. Additionally, a review of the NCNHP
database on February 19, 2013 revealed no known occurrences of this species within 1.0
mile of the project study area. Due to the lack of habitat, known occurrences, and
minimal impact anticipated for this project, it has been determined that this project will
not affect this species.

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
8 May 2013
5.10 Endangered Species Act Candidate Species

As of September 22, 2010 the USFWS lists no Candidate species for Cleveland County.

5.11 Essential Fish Habitat

No areas of Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) were identified within the study area.

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
9 May 2013
6.0 REFERENCES

Burt, W.H. and R.P. Grossenheider. 1976. A Field Guide to the Mammals: North
America North of Mexico. 3rd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 255 pp.

Conant, R. and J.T. Collins. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians (Eastern
and Central North America). 3rd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 450 pp.

Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual.
Technical Report Y-87-1, U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.
Vicksburg, Mississippi.

Environmental Laboratory. 1992. Clarification and Interpretation of the 1987 Manual,
memorandum from Major General Arthur E. Williams.

Justice, W.S., C.R. Bell, and A.H. Lindsey. 2005 Wildflowers of North Carolina,
Second Edition. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC. 325 pp.

Martof, B.S., W.M. Palmer, J.R. Bailey, and J.R. Harrison III. 1980. Amphibians and
Reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia. Chapel Hill: The University of North
Carolina Press. 264 pp.

Menhinick, E.F. 1991. The Freshwater Fishes of North Carolina. North Carolina
Wildlife Resources Commission. 227 pp.

National Geographic. 1999. Field Guide to the Birds of North America. 3rd ed.
Washington, D.C. National Geographic Society.

N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality.
2006. Basinwide Assessment Report. Broad River Basin.
http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=097618ed-b798-4cf4-
b0f6-2ee1b65be7bf&groupId=38364

N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality.
2008. Basinwide Water Quality Plan, Broad River Basin. Raleigh, North
Carolina. http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wq/ps/bpu/basin/broad/2008

N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality.
2012. Water Quality Assessment and Impaired Waters List (2012 Final 303(d)
list). http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=9d45b3b4-d066-
4619-82e6-ea8ea0e01930&groupId=38364

N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program.
2012. Natural Heritage Program Map Viewer.
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/nhp/nhp-map-viewer

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
10 May 2013
N.C. Department of Transportation. 2008. Invasive Exotic Plants of North Carolina.

N.C. Natural Heritage Program. 2001. Guide to Federally Listed Endangered and
Threatened Species of North Carolina. Raleigh, NC. 134 pp.

Newcomb, L. 1977. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and
Company. 490 pp.

Padgett, James Edward. 2004. Biogeographical, Ecological, Morphological, and
Micromorphological Analyses of the Species in the Hexastylis heterophylla
Complex. Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. 124 pp.

Peterson, R.T., editor. 1980. A Field Guide to the Birds of Eastern and Central North
America. 4th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 384 pp.

Potter, E.F., J.F. Parnell, R.P. Teulings, and R. Davis. 2006. Birds of the Carolinas,
Second Edition. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC. 397
pp.

Radford, A.E., H.E. Ahles, and C.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the
Carolinas. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 1183 pp.

Rhode, F.C., R.G. Arndt, D.G. Lindquist, and J.F. Parnell. 1994. Freshwater Fishes of
the Carolinas, Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. Chapel Hill: University of
North Carolina Press. 222 pp.

Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities of
North Carolina: Third Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program,
Division of Parks and Recreation, NCDEHNR. Raleigh, North Carolina. 325 pp.

Smith, Cherri. 2012. Invasive Exotic Plants of North Carolina. N.C. Department of
Transportation. 185 pp.

Swanson, Robert E. 1994. A Field Guide to the Trees and Shrubs of the Southern
Appalachians. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 399 pp.

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2006.
Soil Survey of Cleveland County, North Carolina.

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. Soil
Survey Staff. 2013. Web Soil Survey. Available online at:
http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov (Accessed: March 15, 2013).

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 1998.
Hydrologic Units-North Carolina (metadata). Raleigh, North Carolina.

Natural Resources Technical Report TIP B-5390, Cleveland County, N.C.
11 May 2013
United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 1976. Waco, North Carolina, National
Wetlands Inventory Quadrangle (7.5-minute series). 1 sheet.

United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 1989. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and
Plants; Threatened Status of Hexastylis naniflora (Dwarf-flowered heartleaf). 54
FR 14964-14967.

United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 2006. Optimal Survey Windows for North
Carolina’s Federally Threatened and Endangered Plant Species.
http://www.fws.gov/nces/ es/plant_survey.html. (Accessed: December 14, 2010).

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2007. Dwarf-flowered Heartleaf (Hexastylis naniflora) 5-
Year Review: Summary and Evaluation, Draft. Asheville, NC. 51 pp.

United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 4: Southeast Region, North Carolina
Ecological Services. 2010. Threatened and Endangered Species in North Carolina:
Cleveland County. Updated 22 September 2010.
http://nc-es.fws.gov/es/countyfr.html

United States Geological Survey. 1976. Waco, North Carolina, Topographic Quadrangle
(7.5-minute series). Reston: 1 sheet.

Weakley, Alan. 2012. Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States: Working Draft of
30 November 2012. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North
Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 1225 pp

Webster, W.D., J.F. Parnell, and W.C. Biggs. 1985. Mammals of the Carolinas, Virginia,
and Maryland. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press. 255 pp.

Appendix A
Figures

NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT &
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS BRANCH
Vicinity Map Figure 1
CLEVELAND COUNTY
REPLACE BRIDGE NO. 31 ON SR 2002
OVER MUDDY FORK CREEK
B-5390

Bridge No. 31
Cleveland County, NC
Title:
Prepared for:
Notes:
Background imagery sources:Waco, NC (1976) 7.5- minutetopographic qudrangleprovided by the U.S.Geological Survey.
PROJECTSTUDY AREAMAP
B-5390Replace Bridge No. 31on SR 2002 overMuddy Fork Creek
Project:
FIGURE
Drawn by:
Date:
Scale:
Project No.:
SGD
APR 2013
1:4800
12-014.04a
200 0 200 400 600100
Feet
Legend
Study area
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Cleveland County, NC
Title:
Prepared for:
Notes:
Background imagery sources:2010 aerial photographyprovided by the NC OneMapProgram (online, supported bythe N.C. Geographic InformationCoordination Council).
JurisdictionalFeatures Map
B-5390Replace Bridge No. 31on SR 2002 overMuddy Fork Creek
Project:
FIGURE
Drawn by:
Date:
Scale:
Project No.:
SGD
APR 2013
1:2400
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Muddy Fork CreekStream SA
³Bridges Circle
Cleveland County, NC
Title:
Prepared for:
Notes:
Background imagery source:2010 aerial photographyprovided by the NC OneMapProgram (online, supportedby the N.C. GeographicInformation CoordinationCouncil).
NATURALCOMMUNITIES
B-5390Replace Bridge No. 31on SR 2002 overMuddy Fork Creek
Project:
FIGURE
Drawn by:
Date:
Scale:
Project No.:
SGD
APR 2013
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12-014.04a
200 0 200 400 600100
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Disturbed/Maintained land
Mixed Pine/Hardwood Forest
NCDOT roads
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Appendix B

Scientific Names of Species Identified in Report

Plants

Common Name Scientific Name
American beech Fagus grandifolia
Autumn olive Eleagnus pungens
Blackberry Rubus sp.
Broomsedge Andropogon virginicus
Christmas fern Polystichum acrostichoides
Chickweed Stellaria media
Chinese privet Ligustrum sinense
Clover Trifolium sp.
Common greenbrier Smilax rotundifolia
Cranefly orchid Tipularia discolor
Eastern red cedar Juniperus virginiana
Ebony spleenwort Asplenium platyneuron
Fescue Festuca sp.
Flowering dogwood Cornus florida
Ground pine Lycopodium digitatum
Henbit Lamium sp.
Honey locust Gleditsia tricanthos
Ironwood Carpinus caroliniana
Japanese grass Microstegium vimineum
Japanese honeysuckle Lonicera japonica
Muscadine Muscadinia rotundifolia
Northern red oak Quercus rubra
Poison ivy Toxicodendron radicans
Queen Anne’s lace Daucus carota
Red maple Acer rubrum
River birch Betula nigra
Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua
Sycamore Platanus occidentalis
Violets Viola spp.
White pine Pinus strobus
Wild geranium Geranium carolinianum
Wild onion Allium sp.
Yellow poplar Liriodendron tulipifera

Animals

Common Name Scientific Name
American crow Corvus brachyrhynchos
American robin Turdus migratorius
American toad Bufo americanus
Bald eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Bluehead chub Nocomis leptocephalus
Blue jay Cyanocitta cristata
Carolina chickadee Poecile carolinensis
Common grackle Quiscalus quiscula
Copperhead Agkistrodon contortrix
Corn snake Elaphe guttata
Coyote Canis latrans
Eastern bluebird Sialia sialis
Eastern box turtle Terrapene carolina
Eastern cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus
Eastern fence lizard Sceloporus undulatus
Eastern meadowlark Sturnella magna
Five-lined skink Eumeces anthracinus
Golden shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas
Groundhog Marmota monax
Northern dusky salamander Desmognathus fuscus
Northern mockingbird Mimus polyglottus
Raccoon Procyon lotor
Rat snake Elaphe obsoleta
Redbreast sunfish Lepomis auritis
Red-tailed hawk Buteo jamaicensis
Rosyside dace Clinostomus funduloides
Three-lined salamander Eurycea guttolineata
Tufted titmouse Baeolophus bicolor
Turkey vulture Cathartes aura
Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana
White-spotted slimy salamander Plethodon cylindraceus
White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus
White-throated sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis
Yellow-rumped warbler Setophaga coronata

Appendix C
Stream Forms

Appendix D
Qualifications of Contributors

Investigator: Kenan Jernigan
Education: B.A. Environmental Studies – Ecology, 2010
Experience: Project Scientist, Axiom Environmental, 2010-present
Expertise: Wetland/stream delineations and assessments, natural community
identification and assessment, GIS, T&E species surveys, botanical
surveys, rare plant surveys, figure preparation, and document preparation.

Investigator: Phillip Perkinson
Education: B.S. Geology, 2005
Experience: Project Scientist, Axiom Environmental, 2009-Present
Expertise: Wetland/stream delineations and assessments, natural community
identification and assessment, GIS, T&E species surveys, figure
preparation, document preparation.