20090006 Ver 1_Restoration Plan_20081230

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Stoney Creek Stream Restoration Plan
Prepared for
cleanwater
Clean Water Management City of Goldsboro
Trust Fund North Carolina
Prepared by
C]MFI KMW-Han
and Assoda% Inc.
December 23, 2008
Y
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Table of Contents
Stoney Creek Stream Restoration Plan ..........................................................................................................................1
1.0 Project Background ........................................................................................................................................ ..1
2.0 Setting ............................................................................................................................................................. ..2
3.0 Project Need ................................................................................................................................................... ..2
4.0 Existing Conditions ........................................................................................................................................ ..3
4.1 Stoney Creek Watershed ............................................................................................................................ ..4
4.2 Channel Hydraulic Morphology ................................................................................................................. ..4
4.3 Bank Erosion Assessment (Bank Erosion Hazard Index and Near Bank Stress) ....................................... ..5
4.4 Tributaries .................................................................................................................................................. ..6
4.5 Riparian Area ............................................................................................................................................. ..7
4.6 Wetlands ..................................................................................................................................................... ..7
5.0 Design ............................................................................................................................................................. ..7
5.1 Impacts to Jurisdictional Areas and Buffers ............................................................................................... ..8
5.2 Flood Mapping ........................................................................................................................................... ..9
5.3 Channel Construction Sequence ................................................................................................................. ..9
6.0 Monitoring and Maintenance .......................................................................................................................... 10
7.0 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................... 11
Figures
Figure 1: Site Vicinity Map .........................................................................................................................................14
Figure 2: USGS Quadrangle Map (Southeast Goldsboro - 1983 and Northeast Goldsboro - 1984) ...........................15
Figure 3: Site Stream and Wetland Features and Impacts ...........................................................................................16
Figure 4: Site Bank Erosion Estimate Map .................................................................................................................17
Figure 5: Existing Channel Cross Sections ..................................................................................................................18
Figure 6: Existing Stream Profile ................................................................................................................................19
Figure 7: Existing Stream Channel Materials ..............................................................................................................20
Tables
Table 1: Bank Erosion Estimate Summary for Study Area ...........................................................................................6
Appendices
Appendix 1: USACE Wetland Delineation Forms
Appendix 2: Existing Conditions Photos
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1.0 Project Background
In 2006, the Clean Water Management Trust Fund (CWMTF) awarded the City of Goldsboro a contract
providing funds for the restoration of Stoney Creek within the City of Goldsboro. The evaluation, design,
and construction for this project have been funded by the CWMTF for the purpose of improving water
quality and preserving the riparian community. The Stoney Creek Stream Restoration Project (Project)
plans to restore Stoney Creek from Royal Avenue to the downstream limit of Stoney Creek Park, which is
approximately 930 feet downstream from of East Ash Street. Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. (KHA)
has prepared this Restoration Plan document to provide project history, site evaluation, and restoration
design criteria. The attached 90% restoration design plans provide design layout and details.
The North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality (NC
DWQ) lists Stoney Creek, a tributary to the Neuse River, as a 303(d) stream and classifies it as C-NSW.
A "C" designation identifies Stoney Creek as protected for uses such as secondary recreation, fishing,
wildlife, fish consumption, aquatic life including propagation, survival and maintenance of biological
integrity, and agriculture. Secondary recreation includes wading, boating, and other uses involving human
body contact with water where such activities take place in an infrequent, unorganized, or incidental
manner. "NSW" is a supplemental designation intended for waters needing additional nutrient
management due to being subject to excessive growth of microscopic or macroscopic vegetation.
NCDWQ list Stoney Creek on the 303(d) list as impaired due to impaired biological integrity.
Within the vicinity of the site, various groups have studied the condition and function of Stoney Creek
and its watershed. In July 2002, NC DWQ requested that the North Carolina Stream Restoration Institute
(NC SRI) at North Carolina State University (NCSU) assess Stoney Creek as part of the Watershed
Assessment and Restoration Project (WARP) (North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural
Resources Division of Water Quality Planning Branch, 2003). A wide range of data was collected to
evaluate potential causes and sources of impairment. Data collection activities included: benthic
macroinvertebrate sampling; assessment of stream habitat, morphology, and riparian zone condition;
water quality sampling to evaluate stream chemistry and toxicity; and characterization of watershed land
use, conditions and pollution sources. Based on the results, the study presented several recommendations
including addressing toxic inputs, addressing inputs of agricultural pesticides, reforestation of natives and
removal of exotics, retrofitting of storm water systems, developing programs to reduce nutrient and
carbon inputs, preventing further channel erosion, enforcing sediment and erosion controls, and protecting
existing wetlands, stream, and riparian buffers.
The proposed restoration of this segment of Stoney Creek will address excessive stream bank and bed
erosion within the project area to reduce the total sediment load exported downstream, while also a more
efficient stream channel dimension for sediment transport for upstream sediment entering the project area.
In addition, the project will improve the floodplain functions for the near-stream floodplain by expanding
the lower elevation bankfull bench areas and will remove invasive species within the project area.
Finally, a permanent conservation will be placed on the entire project area, expanding protection to the
floodplain beyond the limits of the regulated riparian buffer limits.
During 2007 and 2008, KHA performed geomorphic assessments of Stoney Creek and its floodplain from
US 70 Bypass to Slocomb Street ("study area"). Design plans were completed for stream restoration of
that entire study area up to 90% plans for the purpose of evaluating that entire section and performing
detailed floodplain hydrologic analysis. Through discussions with CWMTF, it was determined that only
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construction of the upper portion of that study area could be pursued at this time, so final plans and
construction documents will only be prepared for construction from Royal Avenue to Stoney Creek Park
("project area") The uppermost section of the study area between US 70 Bypass to Royal Avenue was
removed from the final design due to a property owner withdrawing from participating in the project and
a conservation easement agreement was not reached for this segment. The study area assessments
included bank erosion estimates, geomorphic survey, and wetland and stream delineation. The following
discusses the assessment results and development of the restoration design.
2.0 Setting
The project area, shown in figures 1 and 2, covers an area of 26.2 acres and includes streams, wetlands,
and riparian areas. The project consists of 4,972 linear feet of Stoney Creek. In addition, the site also
includes approximately 8,480 linear feet of jurisdictional tributaries (mostly man-made drainage ditches
along the maintained utility easement) that connect to Stoney Creek within the project area, and
approximately 1.2 acres of depressional floodplain wetlands (mostly abandoned/relic stream features,
oxbow wetlands, and stump holes).
The site watershed is in the Rolling Coastal Plain, Southeastern Plains Ecoregion, and is part of the
Coastal Plain physiographic providence. Stoney Creek falls within the Neuse River Basin, USGS HUC
03020202010020 and NCDWQ Basin 03-04-05, and is identified by NCDWQ as reach 27-(62) classified
as Class C NSW. Stoney Creek is listed by NCDWQ as a 303(d)-listed stream, due to impaired
biological integrity.
The project site exists on both private property and parcels owned by the City of Goldsboro. Additional
properties located within the project area that are not owned by the City of Goldsboro have donated
permanent conservation easements.
The riparian buffer is forested with a partially filled canopy with sections of Chinese privet dominated
understory. The Stoney Creek channel has historically been straightened and channelized and over-wide
in sections. The channel also has sections of high banks that have partially resulted from dredging and
the placement of spoil piles.
3.0 Project Need
The goal of the project is to improve water quality and in-stream aquatic habitat to Stoney Creek. Studies
have found functional degradation to the site's aquatic features. The 2002 WARP study found the
following impairments:
• Habitat degradation - Uniform morphology, lacking organic habitat
• Toxicity - various toxicants - insecticide, metals
• Low DO - upstream swamp drainage; nutrient inputs; higher DO in free flowing areas
• Scour - excessive removal of organisms and microhabitat during storms (especially in incised
areas)
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KHA representatives met onsite with Eric Kulz from NCDWQ on January 31, 2008 to discuss site
conditions and the need for restoration. KHA representatives met onsite with Tracey Wheeler of the
United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) on February 4, 2008 and July 2, 2008 to discuss site
conditions, jurisdictional boundaries, restoration needs, and design approach.
The field assessment performed in 2007 and 2008 by KHA has confirmed these findings. Changes in the
watershed along with straightening and channelization of the stream channel have caused the stream to
degrade resulting in reduction of overall water quality. Section 4 examines the channel condition.
The follow list provides a summary 2002 WARP study recommendations to help improve the function of
Stony Creek:
1. Address toxic inputs
2. Address inputs from agricultural pesticides
3. Native reforestation and removal of exotics
4. Storm water retrofit to mitigate hydrological effects of development
5. Programs to reduce nutrient and carbon inputs
6. Prevention of further channel erosion
7. Effective enforcement of Sediment and Erosion controls
8. Protect existing wetlands, streams, and riparian buffers
The proposed project will directly or indirectly address these water quality improvement needs. The
stream restoration project will provide for a more stable stream with improved aquatic habitat and
efficient sediment transport. Also, the design will provide for improved riparian buffer and floodplain
function within the project site. A stable stream channel will prevent further channel erosion by reducing
bed and habitat scour, bank erosion, and undermining of trees. Restoration of the riparian community
will include the addition of native species and removal of invasive species. The channel restoration will
result in an improved active floodplain adjacent to the stream improving riparian floodplain functions.
Floodplain wetlands, including oxbow wetlands, created by abandoned portions of the existing stream
will provide water quality improvement functions. Tributaries entering the project reach site will be
stabilized at their connection to Stoney Creek.
A permanent conservation easement will protect the entire project area in perpetuity including existing
streams, wetlands and the riparian buffer within the project area.
4.0 Existing Conditions
The Stoney Creek stream valley is generally broad and slopes gently downstream at a 0.2% slope. Soils
within the valley fall within the Norfolk-Goldsboro-Aycok (NGA) association outside of the floodplain
and the Johnston - Chewalcla-Kinston (JCK) association inside the floodplain. The USDA Soil Survey
(Soil Conservation Service, 1974) describes the NGA association as well drained to moderately well
drained, nearly level to sloping soils that have a friable sandy loam to clay loam subsoil typically located
on uplands. The soil survey describes JCK soils as very poorly drained to somewhat poorly drained,
nearly level soils that have a friable sandy load to clay loam subsoil typically located on flood plains.
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The soils within the project area are typically moderately well drained except for in smaller depressions.
This is due to water table levels within the project are likely lower associated with the base flow of
Stoney Creek, and although these areas typically flood from large storm events, the natural levee areas
closest to the stream drain quickly as the flood recedes, except in the depressions where floodwater is
retained.
4.1 Stoney Creek Watershed
From the downstream end of the project site, the watershed area for Stoney Creek is approximately 20.3
square miles. Based on information in the 2002 WARP study, and KHA field investigations and analysis,
the project reach watershed is characterized as urban with concentrations of residential, military,
commercial, and light residential uses. Impervious surfaces cover approximately a third of the watershed.
Based on GIS analysis and watershed assessment, KHA observed that development within the watershed
has converted a significant portion of the natural land cover to impervious surfaces. This change in the
permeability of the soils has shifted channel hydrology to an increased frequency and decreased duration
of flood flows. While this land cover change may have decreased the amount of sediment contributed
from built out areas, significant sediment is contributed from upstream construction and development, as
well as channel degradation in the upper watershed Although the restoration will not directly address the
upstream issues, the project area restoration design will account for the increased sediment load, and
improve sediment transport capacity.
4.2 Channel Hydraulic Morphology
Streams within the watershed are typically low gradient or swamp areas. Stoney Creek and several of its
tributaries have historically been channelized through dredging and straightening. Remnant channels
observed within the site provide evidence that, in the past, the channel meandered through the floodplain,
and dimensions of these relic channel segments show that Stoney Creek has been straightened, dredged,
and widened.
KHA surveyed the channel geomorphology in 2007. The morphological table included in the attached
90% restoration design plans provides a summary of the survey using Rosgen classification methodology
(Rosgen Classification). The representative reach is labeled as "Stoney Creek Upper Existing Reach".
Figures 5, 6, and 7 show the dimension, profile and channel materials of the reach. The bankfull width
measured 25.1 feet with a mean depth of 4.0 feet. The width to depth ratio was 6.2. The stream slope
was 0.0021. These measurements, along with the dominance of sand and gravel bed material, identify the
stream as a moderately incised, low-sinuosity, Rosgen E4/E5 class stream. The channel dimensions and
bed material describe an "E" stream, however, the low sinuosity is not typical of an E-type stream. Also,
bank height ratios (ratio of low bank height to bankfull height) averaged around 1.3 indicating moderately
unstable to unstable banks (Rosgen, A Stream Channel Stability Assessment Methodology, 2001).
The stream channel is over wide, somewhat incised, and has a sand/gravel bed. The width of the channel
bed is likely too wide to support effective sediment transport. Mid channel bars have formed in several
locations and have led to split flow that can lead to excessive bank stresses. KHA observed several areas
of bank scour that likely resulted from the split flow and other processes. Also, since the bankfull flow,
and flow events slightly greater than bankfull, are fully contained within the channel and do not have
access to the floodplain, these storm events likely mobilize and scour most of the sand stream bed and
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redeposit bed features after every larger flow event. This is a severe problem contributing to the lack of
in-stream aquatic habitat and biological integrity of the stream.
4.3 Bank Erosion Assessment (Bank Erosion Hazard Index and Near Bank Stress)
KHA further assessed bank erosion potential for Stoney Creek between US 70 and South Slocumb Street,
which includes the project area. The assessment categorized the bank erosion hazard index (BEHI) and
near bank stress (NBS) for distinct segments along Stoney Creek's stream banks. These measurements
were aligned with surveyed bank heights to calculate bank erosion potential for Stoney Creek within the
project site.
To estimate bank erosion rates, KHA reviewed readily available sediment erosion models including
models for rivers in Colorado, North Carolina, and Arkansas. The North Carolina and Arkansas models
best matched the watershed and river conditions of Stoney Creek. KHA choose the White River model
from Arkansas because it was better documented, included more sampling areas, and provided more
complete ratings. Using this sediment erosion model, the stream bank ratings produce an erosion rate of
approximately 0.1 tons per year per linear foot of stream bank. This value compares to a bank 5 feet in
height with a high BEHI and high NBS. Figure 4 provides mapping of the segments and a summary table
of bank erosion estimates.
From figure 4, one can observe several sections of highly unstable banks (orange to purple in color)
scattered throughout the reach with relatively stable sections between them. This indicates that the stream
system within the project area is actively adjusting its pattern, dimension, and profile to reach a dynamic
equilibrium. It is likely that these areas of instability will migrate downstream through the system much
like a "pulse" of erosion as the stream seeks to add sinuosity and develop a more active lower floodplain
at its existing elevation. This is a long term dynamic that will continue within this portion of the Stoney
Creek contributing large volumes of sediment downstream, continued in-stream scour and aggradation
within aquatic habitat.
Table 1 presents an estimate of sediment load contributed by the study area.
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Table 1: Bank Erosion Estimate Summary for Study Area
2007 Bank Erosion Estimate Summary for Stoney Creek Between US 70 and South Slocumb
Street
NBS

BEHI
Data
Low
Medium
High
High
Extreme Grand
Total
Bank Length 7,932 4,648 1,847 544 360 15,331
Low Reach Portion 22% 13% 5% 2% 1% 43%
Erosion (Tons) 42 112 29 10 68 260
Bank Length 3,673 3,199 2,536 264 566 10,238
Medium Reach Portion 10% 9% 7% 1% 2% 29%
Erosion (Tons) 44 124 97 17 289 572
Bank Length 511 3,033 4,066 299 900 8,809
High Reach Portion 1% 9% 11% 1% 3% 25%
Erosion (Tons) 17 184 360 25 1,202 1,789
Bank Length 145 188 207 498 1,038
High Reach Portion 0% 1% 1% 1% 3%
Erosion (Tons) 14 35 44 1,125 1,217
Bank Length 61 61
Extreme Reach Portion 0% 0%
Erosion (Tons) 37 37
Total Bank Length 12,116 11,025 8,698 1,314 2,324 35,477
Total Reach Portion 34% 31% 25% 4% 7% 100%
Total Erosion (Tons) 102 434 558 96 2,684 3,874
4.4 Tributaries
Several tributaries join Stoney Creek within the project corridor. Figure 3 shows the location of the
tributaries. All delineated tributaries within the project corridor are considered jurisdictional Waters of
U.S. and are classified as Relatively Permanent Waters. These tributaries fall into three categories.
Tributaries STI I and ST 14 function as a perennial streams with an adequate drainage area that
contributes to year round flow. The tributaries labeled ST07, ST 10, ST 12, ST 13, and ST 14 are manmade
ditches constructed in the floodplain that are hydrologically supported primarily through groundwater
connection and surface water connections routed through ST07 and ST14. ST07 and ST14 lie adjacent to
either side of the sewer line easement. These tributaries have a channel bed elevation that connects to
existing groundwater and they also receive hydrological inputs from surface flows and flood flows from
Stoney Creek. Tributaries ST08, ST09, and ST15 do not have surface hydrologic connections to the
above group. They have a groundwater connection as evidenced by saturated conditions of the channel
bed. They do not have perennial flow, but likely flow more than seasonally due to their connection to
Stoney Creek and hydrologic inflows during flooding events on Stoney Creek.
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4.5 Riparian Area
Within the site, the forested riparian area has a canopy dominated by sweet gum (Liquidambar
styraciua) and red maple (Acer rubrum). Some of the canopy species include large specimens
exceeding 2 feet in diameter. The understory consists of common successional species including sweet
gum, red maple, river birch (Betula nigra), and green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica). Significant portions
of the shrub and understory consists of thick patches of Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense). Within these
Chinese privet areas, little to no herbaceous layer exists. Ground cover is relatively sparse with some
clumps of Japanese stilt grass (Microstegium vimineum). The areas primarily along the sanitary sewer
easement west of the restoration corridor consist of maintained grasses lacking woody vegetation. Stoney
Creek Park, located on the west side of Stoney Creek below East Ash Street, consists of widely spaced
mature hardwood canopy trees with a ground cover of maintained grasses.
4.6 Wetlands
Most of the site qualifies as upland floodplain. However, several floodplain wetlands are within the site.
Figure 3 shows the location of the wetlands reviewed by the USACE on July 2, 2008. Appendix 1
provides USACE wetland data forms. The floodplain wetlands are typically abandoned stream channels
and small depressions. Due to the historical modifications to Stoney Creek and its subsequent down-
cutting, the bed elevation of Stoney Creek has dropped significantly lower than the bottom elevations of
the adjacent floodplain wetlands. The lower bed elevation of Stoney Creek has likely lowered the
groundwater elevations in the floodplain surrounding the stream, potentially draining adjacent floodplain
wetlands. Additionally, several of the tributary systems mentioned above are man-made and serve to
intercept flow and convey flow off the floodplain. These wetlands are likely hydrologically connected to
Stoney Creek during small frequent storm events that occur every 1 to 2 years. Large flooding events
such as 100 year storms extend well beyond the project area. The net effect of the hydrologic
modifications and connections is to impair the hydrological function of these wetlands. The restoration
work will provide limited improvements to the hydrological function of existing wetlands, but the
creation of oxbow wetlands will provide improved wetland function to the floodplain. The oxbow
wetlands will be at a lower elevation allowing for a stronger connection to the new floodplain and new
groundwater elevations.
5.0 Design
The attached 90% restoration design plans (plans) provide design layout and details.
The design utilizes a natural channel design (NCD) approach to develop target morphological values
(dimension, pattern, and profile) for the proposed channel. KHA reviewed reference reaches within
similar physiographic settings, as well as a section downstream of Stoney Creek near the downstream end
of the project that KHA assessed as stable in dimension. To further augment reference reach values,
KHA compared bankf ill values with regional and local curves for hydraulic geometry. After design of
channel geometry, KHA verified sediment transport competence and capacity using sediment transport
equations.
KHA applied a Rosgen Priority 2 approach for restoration in order to not raise base flood elevations and
to tie in the up and downstream road crossings. The design considered several factors in determining the
dimension, pattern, and profile for the new channel. These factors include:
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• Belt Width: The belt width is a measure of floodplain/valley available for realignment. Most of
the project area is bounded by the existing channel and sewer easement. Some areas had more
restricted belt widths due to the presence of hard structures within the floodplain. For example,
the area above Ash Street includes a parking lot and building within the floodplain that did not
allow for realignment of the channel.
• Existing Trees: Within the project area, there are several large specimen trees that provide habitat
value and stabilizing root masses. The new alignment avoids these trees where possible
• Floodplain Issues: Stoney Creek sits within a regulated floodplain that dictated that the design
stream bed elevations be set at or below the existing stream bed elevations.
• Sediment Transport: The existing channel is over wide and does not effectively transport
sediment during more frequent lower flows. The channel dimension and profile have been
designed to allow for the transport of sediment loads that primarily consists of sands.
The improved dimension, pattern, and profile will provide relief at bankfull flows, allowing shear stress
relief when the stream flows reach bankfull depth. This will provide for reduced shear stress on the banks
and will result in a more stable channel. The floodplain benches that will be excavated at bankfull
elevation will provide additional floodwater storage, floodwater transport through the system, and
improve floodplain and buffer water quality functions. The designed low flow channel will provide for
improved channel bed features (riffles and pools) and in-stream aquatic habitat.
The design includes in stream structures such as log cross vanes and rock cross vanes that will stabilize
the channel during flood events while the riparian vegetation matures. These structures will protect outer
banks from erosion and provide structural stability to protect bed features and habitat.
The design also includes portions of the abandoned channel that will become a series of oxbow wetlands.
These wetlands will treat incoming storm water flows.
The design calls for replanting areas cleared for construction with native vegetation. The native
vegetation will include species found in natural communities that fall within the landscape settings found
in the project corridor. The site's landscape setting support Coastal Plain Brownwater Levee Forest and
Bottomland Hardwoods as described by Shafle and Wealky (1990). The attached 90% restoration design
plans provide the planting plan and specifications.
5.1 Impacts to Jurisdictional Areas and Buffers
The realignment of the channel will cause permanent and temporary impacts to existing streams,
wetlands, and riparian buffer. Figure 3 shows the location of the impacts.
The 4,972 linear feet of impact to the existing location of Stoney Creek will be compensated for by
additional stream length and stability in the new channel. Several tributaries will also be relocated as they
are aligned with the Stoney Creek. The overall ecological function of the main channel and its tributaries
will be improved with the restoration.
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Several depressional floodplain wetlands totaling 0.33 acres will be impacted by the new channel
alignment. However, these losses will be offset by the creation of oxbow wetland areas in the abandoned
channel. The wetland function will be maintained or increased within the project area thought the
creation of these oxbow wetlands.
Portions of the riparian corridor will be impacted for construction of the new channel. The design avoids
larger mature hardwoods where practical. Cleared areas will be replanted with a variety of bottomland
species that exceeds the existing diversity and include species found in more functional systems. The
riparian buffer ecosystem will be further uplifted by removing invasive species to the extent practical.
5.2 Flood Mapping
Modeling analysis (HEC-RAS) results of the proposed design conditions show no increases in 100-year
flood elevations for the project reach of Stoney Creek. This includes a proposed model that reflects
construction of Phase 1 only (Royall Ave. to Stoney Creek Park) and the results for the model reflecting
proposed future construction of the whole project (from existing US-70 Bypass to Slocumb Street). Both
of these hydraulic models show zero increase in the flood elevations and show decreases throughout some
reaches. The Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) and Flood Study has been submitted to the
City of Goldsboro and FEMA and is in review.
5.3 Channel Construction Sequence
Construction activities are primarily contained within the corridor between the newly constructed
floodplain and existing channel. (See Erosion and Sediment Control Plan Sheets in attached Plans) The
clearing of woody vegetation is limited to the areas of excavation except in locations where the removal
of invasive species is the primary objective. Large native species will be preserved where possible.
The new channel work will occur without a concurrent connection of the new channel to the existing
channel. If practical, the new channel will remain disconnected for a growing season to allow planted
vegetation to establish. After an appropriate time, flow will be directed to the new channel and the old
channel will be partially backfilled with portions potentially converted to secondary channels and oxbow
wetlands to help convey flood flows.
The list below provides a summary of anticipated construction sequencing. The general notes page of the
plans provides the details.
• Construction entrances shall be installed at all access locations per the plan and specifications
• The contractor shall be responsible for any improvement to the road conditions, gates, and fences,
required for access during construction
• The contractor will clear no more vegetation than required to allow acceptable progress on the
stream channel excavation. This is necessary to reduce the amount of exposed soil at an one time
• All permanent or temporary stockpile locations must be located outside the 100-year flood plain
in uplands. These location are to be decided upon by the contractor and approved by the project
designer before any hauling occurs
• The newly constructed stream channel should be left for one growing season for vegetation to
establish prior to connection the flow to the new channel and filling the old channel
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The contractor shall maintain a temporary rock silt screen downstream of any work in the live
stream. Permanent vegetation shall be installed in conjunction with temporary seeding if
construction is performed during the seasons specified in the drawings and specifications.
Permanent vegetation shall be installed during the specified planting seasons.
The contractor shall follow sediment and erosion control measures listed in general notes to
minimize impacts to water quality of adjacent systems.
6.0 Monitoring and Maintenance
Upon completion of the restoration project, the site will be monitored by the CWMTF to verify that the
channel is stable and the re-vegetated area maintains a track towards proper community development.
The permanent conservation easements for the project will be held by the Wayne County Soil and Water
Conservation District, and maintenance will be performed by the City of Goldsboro as needed.
10
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7.0 Bibliography
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Division of Water Quality Planning Branch.
(2003). Assessment Report: Biological Impairment in the Stoney Creek Watershed.
Rosgen, D. L. (1994). A classification of natural rivers. Catena, 169-199.
Rosgen, D. L. (2001). A Stream Channel Stability Assessment Methodology. Proceedings of the Seventh Federal
Interagency Sedimentation Conference, (pp. 97-106). Reno, NC.
Soil Conservation Service. (1974). Soil Survey of Wayne County, North Carolina. Washington D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office.
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Figures
Figure I: Site Vicinity Map
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FINAL
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Figure 4: Site Bank Erosion Estimate Map
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FINAL
Figure 5: Existing Channel Cross Sections
Stoney Creek Upper Section 2007 - Riffle

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FINAL
Figure 7: Existing Stream Channel Materials
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FINAL
Appendix 1
USAGE Wetland Delineation Forms
DATA FORM ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual
Project/Site: Stony Creek Date: 6/26/2007
Applicant/Owner: City of Goldsboro County: Wayne
Investigator: Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. State: North Carolina
Do Normal Circumstances exist on this site? Yes Community ID:
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation?) No Transect ID:
Is the area a potential Problem Area? No Plot ID: SC01A
Vegetation
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1. Liquidambarstyraciflua Can FAC+ 9.
2. Toxicodendron radicans Vine FAC 10.
3. Eulalia viminea Und FAC+ 11.
4. Eupatorium capillifolium Und FACU 12.
5. 13.
6. 14.
7. 15.
8. 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FACW, or FAC (excluding FACU): 25%
Remarks:
Hydrology:
RECORDED DATA:
Stream, Lake, or Tide Gauge
Aerial Photographs
Other
No Recorded Data Available
FIELD OBSERVATIONS:
Depth to Surface Water: None (in)
Depth to Free Water in Pit: >20 (in)
Depth to Saturated Soil: >20 (in)
WETLAND HYDROLOGY INDICATORS:
PRIMARY INDICATORS:
Inundated
Saturated in Upper 12 inches
Water Marks
Drift Lines
Sediment Deposits
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
SECONDARY INDICATORS:
Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 inches
Water Stained Leaves
Local Soil Survey Data
Fac-Neutral Test
Other
SOILS
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phrase): Johnston Loam Drainage Class: Very Poorly Drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy (Subgroup): Cumulic Humaquepts Confirm Mapped Type? (Y/N)
PROFILE DESCRIPTION
Depth
inches
Horizon Matrix Color
Munsell Moist Mottle Colors
Munsell Moist Mottle
Abundance/Contrast Texture, Concretions,
Structure, etc.
0-20 A 10 r 3/2 L. Sand

HYDRIC SOIL INDICATORS
Histosol
Histic Epipedon
Sulfidic Odor
Aquic Moisture Regime
Reducing Conditions
Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors
Concretions
High Organic Streaking in
Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
Listed on Local Hydric Soils List
Listed on National Hydric Soils List
Other (Explain in remarks)
Hydric Soil Present? (Y/N) No
Remarks:
WETLAND DETERMINATION (Y/N)
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? No
Wetland Hydrology Present? No
Hydric Soils Present? No
Is this sampling point a Wetland? No
Remarks:

DATA FORM ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual
Project/Site: Stony Creek Date: 6/26/2007
Applicant/Owner: City of Goldsboro County: Wayne
Investigator: Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. State: North Carolina
Do Normal Circumstances exist on this site? Yes Community ID:
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation?) No Transect ID:
Is the area a potential Problem Area? No Plot ID: SC02A
Vegetation
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1. Ligustrum sinense Und FAC 9.
2. Smilax rotundifolia Vine FAC 10.
3. Vitis rotundifolia Vine FAC- 11.
4. Liquidambarstyraciflua Can FAC+ 12.
5.1 1 13.
6. 14.
7. 15.
8• 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FACW, or FAC (excluding FACU):
Remarks:
iinated by Chinese privet. There are a few large/mature hardwoods providing some shading, but the privet
inated shrub layer is dominant.
Hydrology:
RECORDED DATA:
Stream, Lake, or Tide Gauge
Aerial Photographs
Other
No Recorded Data Available
FIELD OBSERVATIONS:
Depth to Surface Water: None (in)
Depth to Free Water in Pit: >20 (in)
Depth to Saturated Soil: >20 (in)
WETLAND HYDROLOGY INDICATORS:
PRIMARY INDICATORS:
Inundated
Saturated in Upper 12 inches
Water Marks
Drift Lines
JSediment Deposits
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
SECONDARY INDICATORS:
Oxidized Root Channels in Uppei
Water Stained Leaves
Local Soil Survey Data
Fac-Neutral Test
Other
12 inches
SOILS
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phrase): Johnston Loam Drainage Class: Very Poorly Drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy (Subgroup): Cumulic Humaquepts Confirm Mapped Type? (Y/N)
PROFILE DESCRIPTION
Depth
inches
Horizon Matrix Color
Munsell Moist Mottle Colors
Munsell Moist Mottle
Abundance/Contrast Texture, Concretions,
Structure, etc.
0-3 A 10 r 3/2 Loam
3-20 B 10 r 3/2 L. Clay

HYDRIC SOIL INDICATORS
Histosol
Histic Epipedon
Sulfidic Odor
Aquic Moisture Regime
Reducing Conditions
Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors
Concretions
High Organic Streaking in
Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Hydric Soil Present? (Y/N) No
Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
Listed on Local Hydric Soils List
Listed on National Hydric Soils List
Other (Explain in remarks)
Remarks:
Soils are well
WETLAND DETERMINATION (Y/N)
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? No
Wetland Hydrology Present? No
Hydric Soils Present? No
Is this sampling point a Wetland? No
Remarks:
ter table levels here are likely 2-3' below the ground surface due to the base
close proximity within the floodplain to Stoney Creek.
Stoney Creek and
DATA FORM ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual
Project/Site: Stony Creek Date: 7/2/2008
Applicant/Owner: City of Goldsboro County: Wayne
Investigator: Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. State: North Carolina
Do Normal Circumstances exist on this site? Yes Community ID: Wetland
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation?) No Transect ID:
Representative wetland form for
Stoney Creek floodplain
Is the area a potential Problem Area? No Plot ID: wetlands
Vegetation
Dominant Plant S
1. Li uidambar sr
2. Li strum sines
3. Vitis aestivalis
4. Acer rubrum
5. Betula nigra
6. Arundinaria gik
Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species
T FAC+ g.
S FAC 10.
V FAC- 11.
T FAC 12.
T FACW 13.
S FACW 14.
7. Microstegium vimineum H FACW 15.
8. Woodwardia areolata H OBL 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FACW, or FAC (excluding FACU):
Remarks:
Stratum Indicator
Vegetation within the small floodplain depressions and abandoned (relic) stream channels is varied. Some had dense
herbaceous vegetation cover of netted chain fern and microstegium. Other areas had little or no herbaceous vegetation.
Chinese privet is dominant and prevalent in all these areas.
Hydrology:
RECORDED DATA:_
Stream, Lake, Tide Gauge
Aerial Photographs
Other
x No Recorded Data Available
FIELD OBSERVATIONS.
Depth to Surface Water: none (in)
Depth to Free Water in Pit: >20 (in)
Depth to Saturated Soil: >20 (in)
WETLAND HYDROLOGY INDICATORS:
There was no visible water table within upper 20" and no evidence of rei
likely ponded at times and some had vary strond oxidzed root channels.
PRIMARY INDICATORS:
Saturated in Upper 12 inches
Water Marks
Drift Lines
Sediment Deposits
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
=CONDARY INDICATORS:
x Water Stained Leaves
Local Soil Survey Data
Fac-Neutral Test
Other
or ponding. However these depress
12 inches
are
SOILS
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phrase): Johnston Loam Drainage Class: Very Poorly Drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy (Subgroup): Cumulic Humaquepts Confirm Mapped Type? (Y/N)
PROFILE DESCRIPTION
Depth
inches
Horizon Matrix Color
Munsell Moist Mottle Colors
Munsell Moist Mottle
Abundance/Contrast Texture, Concretions,
Structure, etc.
0-20 A 10 r 3/2 Loam

HYDRIC SOIL INDICATORS
Histosol
Histic Epipedon
Sulfidic Odor
Aquic Moisture Regime
Reducing Conditions
x Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors
Concretions
High Organic Streaking in
Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
Listed on Local Hydric Soils List
Listed on National Hydric Soils List
Other (Explain in remarks)
Hydric Soil Present? (Y/N) N
KemarKS:
Soils in the depression are marginally hydric based on low chroma colors and are slightly reduced compared to other
floodplain upland areas adjacent to these depressions.
WETLAND DETERMINATION (Y/N)
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Y
Wetland Hydrology Present? Y
Hydric Soils Present? Y (marginal)
Is this sampling point a Wetland? Y
Remarks:
depressions are all very similar in that they are relatively close to Stoney Creek within the 100 year floodplain.
features are all likely remnants of uplifted root balls from downed trees or are abondaned sections of the historic
im channel. Although the water table assocaited with the base flow of Stoney Creek in likely below the upper 12"
n these areas. They likely do retain floodwater and precipatation for longer durations.
rnoro rage i
J tis#
_ M
f a tai ? ?; ? ?+
Photo 1: Chinese Privet community found throughout project limit.
Photo 2: Soil profile showing lack of hydric features.
T:\pn\011746013 Goldsboro Stoney Creek\WETLAND ASSESSMENT\STNCK Wetland Photos.doc
Photo

Photo 3: Typical wet depression.
. ti
Photo 4: Typical abandoned stream channel depression.
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a ?
44,

T:\pn\011746013 Goldsboro Stoney Creek\WETLAND ASSESSMENT\STNCK Wetland Photos.doc

Photo 7: Drainage channel along sewer easement
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Photo 8: Area of Stoney Creek riparian area converted to impervious surface. Parking lot on left and building on right
T:\pn\011746013 Goldsboro Stoney Creek\WETLAND ASSESSMENT\STNCK Wetland Photos.doc
FINAL
Appendix 2
Existing Conditions Photos

FINAL
Photo Page 1
I Mi.
Fir,
Photo 1: Chinese Privet community found throughout project limit.
I
FINAL
Photo Page 2