20050098 Ver 1_Monitoring Report_20081208

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05- U0?
Year 3 Monitoring Report for Stream Restoration of
Bailey Fork
Burke County, NC
SCO # D04006-02
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Prepared for:
NCDENR - EEP
2728 Capital Blvd, Suite l H 103
Raleigh NC 27604
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Submitted: November 2008
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RECEIVED
DEL
h1C ECOSYSTEM
rNHANCEMENT PROGRAM

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Prepared by:
Wetlands Resource Center
3970 Bowen Road
Canal Winchester, Ohio 43110
Project Manager: Cal Miller
P: [phone]
F: [phone]
And
EMH&T, Inc.
5500 New Albany Road
Columbus, Ohio 43054
Project Manager: Miles Hebert
P: [phone]
F: [phone]
Main: [phone]
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc.
Engineers. Surveyors, Planners, Scientists

Table of Contents
1 I. Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................1
II. Proj ect Background ........................................................
.
3
A. .
........................................................
Location and Setting
1 B. Project Structure, Mitigation Type, Approach and Objectives
C. Project History and Background
D. Monitoring Plan View
III. Proj ect Condition and Monitoring Results ..........................................................................15
A. Vegetation Assessment
1 1. Soil Data
2. Vegetative Problem Areas
3. Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View
4. Stem Counts
' 5. Vegetation Plot Photos
B. Stream Assessment
1. Hydrologic Criteria
2. Stream Problem Areas
3. Stream Problem Areas Plan View
4. Stream Problem Areas Photos
5. Fixed Station Photos
6. Stability Assessment
7. Quantitative Measures
' IV. Methodology ..................................................................................
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List of Tables
Table I. Project Structure Table
Table 11. Project Mitigation Objectives Table
Table III.
Table IV. Project Activity and Reporting History
Project Contact Table
Table V. Project Background Table
Table VI. Preliminary Soil Data
Table VII. Vegetative Problem Areas
Table VIII. Stem Counts for Each Species Arranged by Plot
Table IX. Verification of Bankfull Events
Table X.
Table XI Stream Problem Areas
Cate
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ca
ream
eature Visual Stability Assessment
Table XII. Baseline Geomorphic and Hydraulic Summary

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Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton Inc.
December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of S
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page i
List of Appendices
Appendix A Vegetation Raw Data
1. Vegetation Problem Area Photos
2. Vegetation Problem Area Plan View
3. Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
4. Vegetation Data Tables
Appendix B Geomorphologic Raw Data
1. Stream Problem Areas Plan View
2. Stream Problem Area Photos
3. Fixed Station Photos
4. Table B 1. Qualitative Visual Stability Assessment
5. Cross Section Plots
6. Longitudinal Profiles
7. Pebble Count Plots
8. Bankfull Event Photos
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of 5
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page ii

1 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Bailey Fork stream restoration project is located near Morganton in Burke County, North
Carolina. Prior to restoration, the streambanks were denuded, actively eroding, and had a nearly
' vertical profiles. Vegetative cover was minimal along the stream. The project goal for the
restoration, completed during early 2006, was to modify the dimension, pattern, and profile of the
existing stream channels to stable and self-maintaining conditions by utilizing natural channel
design techniques and procedures. Elements of the restoration design included improved bedform
features, enhanced aquatic habitat diversity, establishment of riffle-pool sequences, in-stream
grade control structures, rootwad bank stabilization, and establishment of a native forested
riparian plant community. The following report documents the Year 3 Annual Monitoring for the
project.
Monitoring of the vegetation was completed in September 2008 following the Carolina
Vegetation Survey methodology. Stem counts completed in 10 vegetation plots show an average
density of 373 stems per acre for the site, which meets the success criteria of 320 stems/acre after
three years of monitoring. Four individual plots have stem densities below the minimum; these
plots include one previously impacted by stream maintenance work, one previously infringed
upon by pasture mowing, and one covered by the invasive Sericea lespedeza. Despite this, stem
counts for Year 3 represent a net gain of 10 stems over the previous year, due to remedial
plantings conducted in the spring of 2008. Further plantings will only be conducted as necessary
to continue to maintain the required stem counts.
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It is likely that the spread of Sericea lespedeza throughout much of the project corridor is
hindering the growth and survival of woody vegetation. This species is a common component of
pasture mixes and likely spread into the project area from the surrounding pasture lands.
Management in 2008 included herbicide treatments, with spraying focused on targeted planted
areas to minimize the impact of the invasive on woody survival. This spraying had minimal
negative effect on the spread of this species. In addition, a very minor population of kudzu
(Pueraria montana) was identified. Both species will be closely monitored, with further spraying
conducted as deemed necessary to enhance survival of the planted species.
Previous monitoring of stream geomorphology identified some problem areas associated with
channel stability. In Year 1, areas of streambank erosion, typically along outer meander bends,
resulted in bank scour and/or bank failure at some locations. The banks at these locations were
repaired and stabilized during Year 2, with extensive vegetation development contributing to
streambank stability. Additionally, problem structures noted in previous monitoring years are not
problem areas in Year 3, as project reaches have remained stable through the monitoring period,
and show overall evidence the reaches are maintaining profile equilibrium. The indicators
supporting this observation are parallel bankfull, water surface and channel slopes shown and
noted on the longitudinal profiles. A few minor problem areas are noted in Year 3, but are limited
to an isolated area of aggradation (mid-channel bar at profile station 1+75 on Lower Bailey Fork)
and minimal bank scour (left bank at profile station 3+50 on Upper Bailey Fork) as summarized
in Table Xc.
Bedform features continue to evolve along the restored reaches as shown on the long-term
longitudinal profiles and monumented cross-sections. Riffle lengths and slopes are stable. Pool to
pool spacings are representative of reference reach conditions, adjusted for drainage area and
bankfull width. The pools have developed excellent glide features, with well sorted fine to
medium gravels, providing good spawning habitat for native fishes. Riffle substrate compositions
are conducive for benthic macro-invertebrate populations to re-emerge. Of interest is the change
(median decrease) in pool to pool spacings from As-Built conditions to Year 3 as shown on the
long-term monitoring profiles, and in tabular format on Table XII for each project reach. These
r.vans, wtecnwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of 5
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 1

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bedform adjustments represent an increase in channel stability. Comparison of As-Built, Year 1,
Year 2 and Year 3 long-term stream monitoring data show successive increases in channel-
floodplain connectivity and increasingly stable channel dimensions, interpreted from width/depth
ratios, entrenchment ratios, and bank height ratios, as shown on the long-term monitoring profiles
and cross-sections. The median bankfull dimensions, pattern, profile and substrate measurements
presented in Table XII for each project reach, show transitions toward increased channel stability
based upon bedform features, cross-section geometry, and planiform features. With channel
geomorphologic data trends showing continual transition in increased stability, remedial stream
maintenance work is not warranted at this time.
Pool substrate remains stable, with median particle sizes ranging from fine to coarse sand based
on Year 3 substrate analysis. Constructed riffles remain stable, with a median particle sizes
ranging from very coarse gravel to large cobble, with one anomaly from particle distributions
collected at Riffle Cross-Section 5. Using the Year 3 particle distribution collected along this
feature alone would indicate a Rosgen stream type substrate shift from C4 (coarse gravel) to a C3
(small to large cobble) dominated stream type (D50 = 110.1 mm; D84 = 163.8 mm). Sample
interference is suspected due to the contribution of cobble-sized material introduced during
construction of the cross-vane step structure at the sample location. Random substrate sample
distributions collected at this location (with the exception of Year 0 "As-Built" sample) show C3,
small to large cobble substrate composition. It is well documented, based on reference reach
boundary conditions, pre-existing site substrate composition, and substrate readily available to
the stream from the contribution drainage area, Upper Bailey Fork is a sand and gravel substrate
system. To approximate a reach (Wolman, 1954) particle distribution, characteristic of Upper
Bailey Fork, substrate particle distributions from Riffle Cross-Section 5 and Pool Cross-Section 7
were combined (n = 118 measurements). The D50 and D84 particle size for the approximated
reach substrate particle distribution is 32.0 mm (coarse gravel) and 139.3 mm (large cobble),
respectively, with fine to coarse sand comprising 37.3 percent of the sample composition. Based
on Year 3 median pool lengths and spacings, the 800 l.f, long-term monitoring reach is 73.5
percent pools and glides and 26.5 riffles and runs. As a result, the combination of one pool and
one riffle particle distribution will statistically skew (over-estimate) reach D50 and D84 median
particle size distributions.
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc.
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork
EEP Contract # D04006-02
December 2008
Monitoring Year 3 of S
Page 2

II. PROJECT BACKGROUND
A. Location and Setting
' The project site is located approximately 2 miles southwest of Morganton, Burke County, North
Carolina. The site is located 1.7 miles southwest of the I-40/US 64 interchange, as shown in
Figure 1. The stream channels included in this project are the mainstem of Bailey Fork, and two
unnamed tributaries to Bailey Fork, designated as UT1 and UT2. The project reach along the
mainstem includes a portion upstream of Propst Road (hereafter referred to as Upper) and a
portion downstream of that road (hereafter referred to as Lower).
The directions to the project site are as follows:
' From I-40, take US 64 south to Propst Road (SR 1112) and turn right. The project site is
located on the north and south sides of Propst Road approximately 1,800 feet from the
Propst Road and US 64 intersection.
' B. Project Structure, Mitigation Type, Approach and Objectives
The primary, pre-existing land use within the immediate project site was agricultural. Based on
photographic interpretation, the site has been historically utilized for agricultural row crop
production and hayland. It is very likely the project site has been farmed since the Civil War era.
The site was degraded by past land management practices including mechanical land clearing,
' straightening and dredging the stream channels. The project site was most recently utilized to
produce hay for livestock feed. The stream banks were denuded, actively eroding, with vertical to
undercut streambanks. Vegetative cover was minimal along the stream corridor, resulting in
streambank erosion and lateral channel migration. The channels were deeply incised state and
laterally confined. Prior to restoration, the floodplain was functioning as an abandoned terrace
perched above the bankfull elevation.
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The project restoration goal was to restore channel dimension, pattern, and profile to stable and
self-maintaining conditions utilizing natural channel design techniques and procedures. Physical
restoration and water quality improvements were accomplished by meeting the restoration goals
and objectives below:
• Design channels with the appropriate cross-sectional dimension, pattern, and longitudinal
profile based on reference reach boundary conditions.
• Improve and create bedform and aquatic habitat features (riffles, runs, pools, and glides)
• Integrate, in conjunction with the stream restoration, a nested floodplain (bankfull bench)
connected to the bankfull channel elevation (Priority Level 11 restoration) or raise the bed
elevation of the stream reconnecting the bankfull elevation to the existing floodplain
elevation (Priority Level I restoration).
• Restore channel and streambank stability by integrating in-stream grade control
structures, root wads, and native revetment while also creating stable and functional
aquatic and terrestrial habitat.
• Establish a native forested riparian plant community within a minimum 30-feet buffer,
measured horizontally from the left and right top of bank. Eradicate exotic vegetation
and protect the riparian corridor with a perpetual conservation easement.
• Provide aesthetic and educational opportunities.
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc.
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork
EEP Contract # D04006-02
December 2008
Monitoring Year 3 of S
Page 3
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc.
Engineers • Surveyors • Planners • Scientists
5500 New Albany Road, Columbus, OH 43054
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
BURKE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
BAILEY FORK STREAM RESTORATION
FIGURE 1: SITE VICINITY MAP
N.C. ECOSYSTEM ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
M C M x x v i I Date: December, 2006 1 Job No. 2006-1626 1 Scale: 1"=3000'

Restoration of the streams has met the objective of the project along both the mainstem of
' Thompsons Fork and the UT, providing the desired habitat and stability features required to
improve and enhance the ecologic health of the streams for the long-term. Specifically, the
completed restoration project has accomplished the items listed below.

Upper Bailey Fork:
• Reversed the effects of channelization using Priority Level II restoration techni
ues

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The restoration has increased the median width/depth ratios from 7.59 to 12.80 after
construction completion and 3 years of monitoring.
• Restored natural stream pattern, profile and dimension throughout the 1,543 l.f.
stream reach, increasing channel sinuosity from 1.1 to 1.3, while creating a more
bl
sta
e relationship between the valley and bankfull slopes (the bankfull slope was
greater than the valley slope under pre-existing conditions; the bankfull slope is now
less than the valley slope).
• Stabilized eroding streambanks by providing an appropriatel
sized channel with
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stable streambank slopes using a combination of embedded stone, natural fabrics and
aggressive native streamside and riparian revetment. The average Bank Height Ratio
has been decreased from 1.95 (deeply incised) to 1.09 (stable) in Year 3.
• Provided a re-connection between the restored stream channel and a nested
floodplain (bankfull bench) connected to the bankfull channel elevation (Priority
Level 11 restoration). The completed restoration changed the average entrenchment
' ratio from <1.4 to 3.22, and restored the pre-existing unstable, incised and
entrenched G4/174 stream channel to a stable C4 stream type (Rosgen, 1994).
• Created instream aquatic habitat features including deep pools, rootwad streamside
' fish cover and streambank stabilization, constructed riffles, rock cross vanes and J-
Hook vanes with deep pools and native streamside revetment to enhance outer
meander bend stability, shade the pools, provide fish cover and lower water
temperature to transition the channel thalweg of the restored stream to meet the
culvert invert elevations at the three - 7.5 ft x 10.8 ft oval corrugated metal pipes
(CMP) on the south side of Propst Road.
• Revegetated the streambanks and riparian corridor with indigenous trees, shrubs,
h
b
' er
aceous ground cover and preserved the riparian corridors within a perpetual
conservation easement.
Lower Bailey Fork:
• Reversed the effects of channelization using Priority Level 11 restoration techniques.
The restoration has increased the median width/depth ratios from 7.83 to 12.75 after
construction completion and 3 years of monitoring.
' • Restored natural stream pattern, profile and dimension throughout the 1,170 11.
stream reach, increasing channel sinuosity from 1.1 to 1.3, while creating a more
stable relationship between the valley and bankfull slopes (again, the bankfull slope
was greater than the valley slope under pre-existing conditions; the bankfull slope is
now less than the valley slope).
• Stabilized eroding streambanks by constructing an appropriately sized channel with
' stable streambank slopes using a combination of embedded stone, natural fabrics and
aggressive native streamside and riparian revetment. The average Bank Height Ratio
has been decreased from 1.95 (deeply incised) to 1.00 (stable).
' • Provided a re-connection between the restored stream channel and a nested
floodplain (bankfull be
h
d
nc
) connecte
to the bankfull channel elevation (Priority
Level 11 restoration). The completed restoration changed the average entrenchment
ratio from <1.4 to 3.17, and restored the pre-existing unstable, incised and
entrenched G4/174 stream channel to a stable C4 stream type.

r.vans, iviecnwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc.
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork
EEP Contract # D04006-02
December 2008
Monitoring Year 3 of S
Page 5

• Created instream aquatic habitat features including deep pools, rootwad streamside
fish cover and streambank stabilization, constructed riffles, single arm log vanes,
rock cross vanes and J-Hook vanes with deep scour pools and native streamside
revetment to enhance outer meander bend stability, shade the pools, provide fish
cover and lower water temperature.
• Revegetated the streambanks and riparian corridor with indigenous trees, shrubs,
herbaceous ground cover and preserved the riparian corridors within a perpetual
conservation easement.
Unnamed Tributary (UT-1):
• Reversed the effects of channelization utilizing natural channel design restoration
techniques. The average width/depth ratio of the restored stream channel was
increased from 5.40 to 17.08.
• Restored natural stream pattern, profile and dimension throughout the 1,758 l.f.
stream reach, increasing channel sinuosity from 1.1 to 1.4, and providing a more
stable relationship between the valley and bankfull slopes (the bankfull and valley
slopes were essentially parallel under pre-existing condition. The bankfull slope is
substantially less than the valley slope).
• Stabilized eroding streambanks by providing an appropriately sized channel with
stable streambank slopes. The average Bank Height Ratio has been changed from
2.10 (extremely incised) to 1.01 (stable).
• Raised the streambed elevation reconnecting the bankfull elevation to the existing
floodplain elevation (Priority Level I restoration).
• The completed restoration changed the average entrenchment ratio from 3.4 to 5.9.
• Created instream aquatic habitat features including deep pools, rootwad streamside
fish cover and streambank stabilization, constructed riffles, rock sills, step cross
vanes and J-Hook vanes with deep scour pools and native streamside revetment to
enhance outer meander bend stability, shade the pools, provide fish cover and lower
water temperature.
• Revegetated the streambanks and riparian corridor with indigenous trees, shrubs,
herbaceous ground cover and preserved the riparian corridors within a perpetual
conservation easement.
Unnamed Tributary (UT-2):
• Reversed the effects of channelization utilizing natural channel design restoration
techniques. The average width/depth ratio of the restored stream channel was
increased from 3.42 to 16.78.
• Restored natural stream pattern, profile and dimension throughout the 1,271 l.f.
stream reach, increasing channel sinuosity from 1.1 to 1.4, and providing a more
stable relationship between the valley and bankfull slopes (the bankf ill slope was
greater than the valley slope under pre-existing conditions; the bankf ill slope is now
less than the valley slope).
• Stabilized eroding streambanks by providing an appropriately sized channel with
stable streambank slopes. The average Bank Height Ratio is 1.01 (stable) post-
restoration and after 3 years of monitoring.
• Raised the streambed elevation reconnecting the bankfull elevation to the existing
floodplain elevation (Priority Level I restoration).
• The completed restoration changed the average entrenchment ratio from <1.4 to
4.75.
• Created instream aquatic habitat features including deep pools, streambank
stabilization, constructed riffles, rock sills, log sills, rock cross vanes and J-Hook
vanes with deep scour pools and native streamside revetment to enhance outer
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of 5
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 6
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meander bend stability, shade the pools, provide fish cover and lower water
temperature.
Revegetated the streambanks and riparian corridor with indigenous trees, shrubs,
herbaceous ground cover and preserved the riparian corridors within a perpetual
conservation easement.
Information on the project structure and objectives is included in Tables I and II.

Table I. Project Structure Table
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Project Se ment/Reach ID Linear Footage or Acreage
Upper 1,543.0 If
Lower 1,170.41f
UT1 1,758.1 if
UT2 1,271.0 if
TOTAL 5,742.5 If
Table II. Project Mitigation Objectives Table
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Project Linear
Segment/ Reach Mitigation Footage or
ID Type Approach Acreage Comment
Restore dimension, pattern, and
Upper Restoration Priority 2 1,543.0 If profile
Restore dimension, pattern, and
Lower Restoration Priority 2 1,170.4 If profile
Restore dimension, pattern, and
UT1 Restoration Priority 1 1,758.1 If profile
Restore dimension, pattern, and
UT2 Restoration Priority 1 1,271.0 If profile
TOTAL 5,742.5 If
C. Project History and Background
Project activity and reporting history are provided in Table III. The project contact information is
provided in Table IV. The project background history is provided in Table V.
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of 5
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 7

Table III. Project Activity and Reporting History
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02

Activity or Report
Scheduled
Completion

Data Collection Complete Actual
Completion
or Delivery
Restoration plan Jan 2005 Oct 2004 Mar 2005
Final Design - 90%1 Jan 2005 N/A Mar 2005
Construction Au 2005 N/A Se 2005
Temporary S&E applied to
entire project areal
Feb 2005
N/A
Feb 2005
Permanent plantings Mar 2006 N/A Mar 2006
Mitigation plan/As-built Dec 2005 May 2006 Au 2006

Year 1 monitoring
2006 Sep 2006 (vegetation)
Apr 2007 (geomorphology)
May 2007
Remedial Stream
Maintenance*
Au 2007
N/A
Au 2007

Year 2 monitoring
2007 Sep 2007 (vegetation)
Oct 2007 (geomorphology)
Jan 2008

Year 3 monitoring
2008 Sep 2008 (vegetation)
Oct 2008 (geomorphology)
Nov 2008
Year 4 monitoring 2009
Year 5 monitoring
Fn11-dP1;-, „ o +• ono/ .,t, :.. i 2010
---- ----•-V Y--i •••••, ouvull-111VL P1VVIUGU.
2Erosion and sediment control applied incrementally throughout the course of the project.
N/A: Data collection is not an applicable task to these project activities.
*Remedial Maintenance involved efforts to repair the degraded reaches of the channel along Upper and Lower Bailey
Fork, improving channel bank stability by creating a more stable bank slope, as shown on the August 2007
maintenance plan sheet.

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Table IV. Project Contact Table
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02

Designer
Construction
Contractor Natural Systems Engineering*
3719 Benson Drive, Raleigh, NC 27609
Natural Systems Engineering*
3719 Benson Drive, Raleigh, NC 27609

Monitoring Performers EMH&T, Inc.
5500 New Alban Road, Columbus, OH 43054
Stream Monitoring POC
Vegetation Monitoring Warren E. Knotts, P.G., EMH&T
POC Holly Blunck, EMH&T
*Contact: Jim Halley at The John R. McAdams Company, Inc
2905 Meridian Parkway, Durham, NC 27713
Evans, iviecnwart, tlambleton & Tilton, Inc.
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork
EEP Contract # D04006-02
December 2008
Monitoring Year 3 of 5
Page 8
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Table V. Project Background Table
Bailev Fork Stream R nMrntinn / POP IV- 'MAA114 91-1
Project Count Burke V
Drainage Area-Upper 4.9 s mi
Drainage Area-Lower 5.5 s mi
Drainage Area-UT1 0.55 s mi
Drainage Area-UT2 0.98 s mi
Drainage Impervious Cover Estimate 10%
Stream Order 2nd
Ph sio ra hic Region Inner Piedmont
Ecore ion Northern Inner Piedmont
Ros en Classification of As-built E/C type
Dominant Soil Types Colvard sand loam

eference Site ID Sal's Branch, Whites
Creek, S. Muddy
Birchfield,
S. Mudd Tributary 4
USGS HUC for Project and Reference 03050101
NCDW Sub-basin for Project and Reference 03-08-31
NCDWQ Classification for Project and Reference C
An portion of an project segment 303d listed? No
Any portion of any project segment upstream of a
303d listed segment?
No
Reason for 303d listing or stressor N/A
% of project easement fenced 20%
?_ -uiv < waa uui,vcu uum miormailon nom reports produced by Natural Systems Engineering.
D. Monitoring Plan View
The monitoring plan view is included as Figure 2. The information shown in Figure 2 is derived
entirely from the As-Built stream plan provided with the approved Mitigation Plan report. In-
stream structures shown on the plan view have been verified by the stream restoration
designer/contractor based on field reconnaissance. The monitoring plan view also depicts the
locations of each monumented cross-section, vegetation plot, crest gage and photo point that are
part of the five year monitoring effort for this project.
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of S
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 9
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III. PROJECT CONDITION AND MONITORING RESULTS
A. Vegetation Assessment
1. Soil Data
Soils present in the riparian area adjacent to Bailey Fork are characteristic of those found in
alluvial landforms within the Northern Inner Piedmont ecoregion of North Carolina. Colvard
sandy loam soils are mapped within the floodplain and immediately adjacent to the stream
channels on the project site. Colvard soils are formed in loamy alluvial deposits, and are nearly
level, very deep, and well-drained or moderately well-drained.
Other soils within the project's vicinity include Fairview sandy clay loam and Unison fine sandy
loam, which are mapped on adjacent slopes and terraces. No hydric soils were mapped within the
project corridor.
Data on the soils series found within and near the project site is summarized in Table VI.
Data for Table VI was derived from information from reports produced by Natural Systems Engineering.
`Erosion Factor K indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill erosion, ranging from 0.05 to 0.69.
2Erosion Factor T is an estimate of the maximum average annual rate of soil erosion by wind or water that
can occur without affecting crop productivity, measured in tons per acre per year.
2. Vegetative Problem Areas
' Vegetative Problem Areas are defined as areas either lacking vegetation or containing populations
of exotic vegetation. Each problem area identified during each year of monitoring is summarized
in Table VII. Photographs of the vegetative problem areas are shown in Appendix A. There are a
' few locations where the density of planted woody stems is not high enough to meet the required
stem counts. Densities of planted woody species are discussed in the Stem Counts section of this
report.
' Table VII. Vegetative Problem Areas
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Feature/Issue Station # / Range Probable Cause Photo #
Invasive Throughout: See VPA 1,
Population VPA Plan View Sericea ley edeza: encroachment from pasture VPA 2
The most pervasive vegetative problem is the spread of an invasive species, Sericea lespedeza.
This species is a common component of pasture mixes, and as this project is adjacent to
pasture/hay lands, it likely spread into the project area from the surrounding landscape. The
spread of the species is extensive throughout the project corridor, and has increased slightly over
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of S
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 15
Table VI. Preliminary Soil Data
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02

Series Max. Depth
(in.) % Clay on
Surface
KI
T2 % Organic
Matter
Colvard sand loam 60+ 8-18 0.24 5 1-2
Fairview sand cla loam 60+ 0-35 0.24 .5-1

Unison fine sand loam
60+ t12-20
L::
0.24 L;J fO75-1

t

1

1
1
1
1
1

1
the past year. Management in 2008 included herbicide treatments, with spraying focused on the
areas most densely planted with trees in an attempt to minimize the impact of the invasive on
woody survival. This spraying had minimal negative effect on the spread of this species. Further
spraying will be conducted throughout the monitoring period as deemed necessary to enhance
survival of the planted species. Management of the woody vegetation is discussed in the Stem
Counts section of this report.
A very minor population of kudzu (Pueraria montana) was identified near Vegetation Plot #5.
While the population of this species remains too small to have an impact on the desried vegetation
at this time, it will be closely monitored to document and manage future spread of this invasive
species.
An additional problem area noted in Year 2 included a section along Upper Bailey Fork where
remedial maintenance activities along the stream banks impacted Vegetation Plot #6. The
vegetation of the plot, along with much of the buffer vegetation along the top of the slope at this
location, was damaged or destroyed by the construction activities. The streambanks were
reseeded upon completion of maintenance activities, and new trees were planted in the spring of
2008. As this plot has become fully vegetated, it has been removed from consideration as a
problem area for bare banks.
3. Vegetation Problem Area Plan View
The location of each vegetation problem area is shown on the vegetative problem area plan view
included in Appendix A. Each problem area is color coded with yellow for areas of low concern
(areas to be watched) or red for high concern (areas where maintenance is warranted).
4. Stem Counts
A summary of the stem count data for each species arranged by plot is shown in Table 8. This
data was compiled from the information collected on each plot using the CVS-EEP Protocol for
Recording Vegetation, Version 4.0. Additional data tables generated using the CVS-EEP format
are included in Appendix A. All vegetation plots are labeled as VP in Figure 2.
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of 5
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 16

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Table VIII. Stem counts for each species arranged by plot.
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Plots Year 1 Y
2 Y
3 S
i
l
Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8T --9 F 10 Totals ear
Totals ear
Totals urv
va
%
Shrubs
Alnus serrulata 1 1 1 1 100
Cephalanthus
occidentalis
3
3
0
0
Corpus amomum 6 1 1 3 3 2 9 9 16 100
Rosa alustris 2 2 2 2 100
Trees
Fraxinus
enns lvanica
1
0
0
100
Liriodendron
tuli i era
1
4
3
15
4
8
53
Malus s p. 1 0 0 100
N ssa s lvatica 1 0 0 100
Platanus
occidentalis
1
1
9
4
6
10
35
30
31
89
uercus pagoda 8 4 9 2 31 28 23 74
uercus hellos 1 1 2 1 1 2 9 5 8 89
Salix ni ra 1 0 0 0
Totals 6 10 10 13 2 5 15 14 5 12 106 82 92 87
Live Stem Density 243 405 405 527, 81 203 608, 567, 203 486
Average Live
Stem Density
373
The average stem density for the site exceeds the minimum criteria of 320 stems per acre after
three years. Four individual plots have stem densities below the minimum; however, eight
seedlings have recruited in Plot #1, which would increase the stem count to exceed the minimum
criteria. This is an increase over the seedling recruitment count of four found in 2007. Plot #6
was disturbed during remedial maintenance activity on the stream banks between monitoring in
Years 1 and 2; two stems were planted in this plot in 2008, increasing the stem count in Year 3
over that found in Year 2. Plot #5 was damaged by pasture mowing in Year 1; two planted stems
and one recruited seedling have subsequently been found in this plot, increasing the stem count
' over the original monitoring period. The final plot, Plot #9, is densely covered by Sericea
lespedeza, which appears to have had a greater effect on both survival and recruitment in this plot
than the others in the project corridor also affected by this invasive species.

1

It is likely that the spread of Sericea lespedeza throughout much of the project corridor has
hindered the growth and survival of woody vegetation. Where present, this species is dominant,
providing a thick coverage of growth approximately three feet high through which any species
must break in order to receive sunlight or rainfall. A round of remedial tree plantings were
conducted in 2008, which were intended to bring deficient areas of the site back into compliance
with the 320 stems per acre minimum. Due to continued mortality of planted stems which is
speculated to be due to the coverage of Sericea lespedeza, these plantings did not bring all areas
of the site back to the minimum stem count. The remedial plantings did, however, result in a net
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of S
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 17
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gain of woody stems for the entire site. The increase in total woody stems is considered a
significant achievement, and further plantings will only be conducted as necessary to continue to
maintain the required stem counts.
5. Vegetation Plot Photos
Vegetation plot photos are provided in Appendix A.
B. Stream Assessment
1. Hydrologic Criteria
One bankfull event was documented for the site, as reported in the Mitigation As-Built Report.
Additional events were recorded in Year 2, and listed in Table IX. Photographs of the crest gages
are shown in Appendix B.
Table IX. Verification of Bankfull Events
Date of Data
Collection Date of
Occurrence Method Photo #
10/31/05 10/7/05-10/8/05 Photographs; Stream Gage Data In Mitigation Plan
7/19/07 Unknown Crest Gage 1 on UT1 BF 1
10/17/07 9/14/07-9/15/07* Crest Gage 4 on Lower Bailey BF 2
.?. I ao ayyivn mate, vaacu vu a ?cvicw w recoraea rainIan aata
No additional bankfull events occurred during Year 3.
2. Stream Problem Areas
A summary of the areas of concern identified during the visual assessment of the stream for each
year of monitoring is included in Tables Xa through Xc.
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc.
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork
EEP Contract # D04006-02
December 2008
Monitoring Year 3 of 5
Page 18
Table Xa. Stream Problem Areas - Year 1
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Feature Issue Station Numbers Suspected Cause Photo Number
Aggradation 4+00 - 4+25 Upper Lateral bar; bank material moving SPA 1
1+50 - 2+00 Upper Lateral bar; bank material moving (Year 1 Report)

B
k f
il
9+00 Lower Rootwad causing reverse circulation leading to
downstream bank scour and undercutting
SPA 2
an
a
ure 8+00 Lower Large boulder fell out of bank; bank undercutting (Year 1 Report)
11+50 Upper Bank armor has fallen, undercutting
11+80 - 12+50
Upper Coir matting has fallen, bank erosion; deposition
downstream
Bank scour
10+25 Upper Rootwad causing reverse circulation leading to
downstream bank scour and undercutting SPA 3
(Year 1 Report)
3+50 Upper Channel is over widened, bank is slumping
5+60 UT2 Embedded rock sill; channel is stable
2+50 UT2 Embedded cross-vane; channel is stable
1+25 UT2 Embedded J-hook; channel is stable
Stressed/failin 14+75 Upper Partially embedded J-hook; channel is stable
g
structure 13+00 Upper Embedded J-hook; channel is stable SPA 4
10+60 UT1 Embedded rock sill ; channel is stable (fear 1 Report)
3+25 UTl Partially embedded J-hook; channel is stable
0+50 UT1 Embedded J-hook; channel is stable
0+25 UT1 Embedded rock sill ; channel is stable

Other
7+00 UT1 Sinkhole adjacent to channel; piping water SPA 5
(Year 1 Report)
Xb. Stream Problem Areas - Year 2
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Feature Issue Station Numbers Suspected Cause Photo Number
Aggradation 1+50 - 2+00 Upper Point bar; vegetated and stable
1+75 Lower Mid-channel bar SPA 1, SPA 2
Bank scour
3+50 Upper Channel overwidened, left bank is slumping,
W/D too high resulting in a radation. SPA 3, SPA 4
5+60 UT2 Embedded rock sill; channel is stable
2+50 UT2 Embedded cross-vane; channel is stable
1+25 UT2 Embedded J-hook; channel is stable
14+75 Upper Partially embedded J-hook; channel is stable
Stressed/failin 13+00 Upper Embedded J-hook; channel is stable
g
structure 2+50 Upper Embedded J-hook; channel is stable SPA 5, SPA 6
12+00 UTl Embedded rock sill; channel is stable
10+60 UTl Embedded rock sill ; channel is stable
3+25 UT1 Partially embedded J-hook; channel is stable
2+00 UT1 Embedded J-hook; channel is stable
0+50 UT1 Embedded J-hook; channel is stable

Other
7+00 UT1 Sinkhole adjacent to channel; has improved since
the revious year due to flood lain deposition
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of S
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 19
Table Xc. Stream Problem Areas - Year 3
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Feature Issue Station Numbers Suspected Cause Photo Number
1+50 - 2+00 Upper Point bar; vegetated and stable
Aggradation 1+75 Lower Mid-channel bar; vegetated and stable

6+30 UT1
Embedded rock sill; channel is stable SPA 1, 2
8+00 UT1 Embedded J-hook; channel is stable
Bank scour
3+50 Upper Slumping on left bank; heavily vegetated,
channel is stable SPA 3, 4, 5
Several features were removed from the stream problem areas table in Year 3. The majority of
structures listed in the table in Year 2 were embedded throughout the monitoring period.
However, the stream channels remain stable in these areas. Because the channel has remained
stable throughout two consecutive years of monitoring, the structures are no longer considered
problem areas and were removed from the Year 3 table. The remaining feature removed from the
table was a sinkhole found along Tributary UT1. As no such sinkhole was identified in Year 3,
likely due to deposition and subsequent heavy vegetative establishment, the feature has been
removed from consideration as a problem area.
Five potential problem areas remain in Year 3, and are limited to isolated areas of aggradation and
minimal bank scour. The bank scour noted near station 3+50 along Upper Bailey Fork in Years 1
and 2 has become heavily vegetated in Year 3, providing increases in root mass densities and
streambank stability. The area noted as aggrading between profile stations 1+50 and 2+00 on
Upper Bailey Fork is a point bar, an area of natural deposition in a sand and gravel dominated, C4
stream type. The mid-channel bar at profile station 1+75 on Lower Bailey Fork is of greater
concern due to increases in near-bank shear stress associated with these types of mid-channel
depositional features. Although the streambanks and channels are presently stable at the locations
noted, theses areas will remain on the problem area table to ensure each is monitored through
Year 4.
Two structures along UT1 were affected by aggradation in Year 3. Sand is the dominant
streambed substrate in the project reaches, and as such, sediment deposition over the noted
structures is attributed to high sediment supply readily available to UT1 upstream in the
contribution watershed. Because the issue for these structures arises from depositional trends,
rather than a concern with the physical structure, these areas are listed in the table as aggradation
issues, not failed structures. It is noted that at both locations on UT1 (profile stations 6+30 and
8+00) where the two structures are embedded, the channel and streambanks are stable, with no
bar formation.
During September 2008, EMH&T's Charlotte-based personnel surveyed the entire 1,759 l.f. UT1
reach, rather than picking up only the first 8001.f. as approved in the as-built mitigation plan. This
provided a unique opportunity to evaluate depositional trends, along the entire reach, by direct
comparison of Year 3 to Year 0, as-built channel conditions.
The Year 0, as-built channel profile was overlaid with the Year 3 total station survey thalweg,
water surface and bankfull indicator points and is included in Appendix B. Of interest, the best-
fit trend line through the thalweg points for Year 0 and Year 3 cross near the reach midpoint, at
profile station 9+50.6. Upstream from this profile station, the reach exhibits slight overall
aggradation, ranging from 0.00 feet of deposition at station 9+50.6 to 0.48 feet of deposition at
profile station 0+00 (i.e., the vertical difference between the best-fit thalweg trend lines for the
two datasets). Conversely, there is 0.00 feet of degradation at profile station 9+50.6, and at profile
Evans, mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of 5
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 20

station 17+58 the vertical difference between to the best-fit trend lines is 0.40 feet of net
degradation. There is only a infinitesimally small difference in channel slope from Year 0 to Year
3, with reach thalweg slopes of 0.0071 ft/ft and 0.0070 ft/ft, respectively. The evaluation of these
subtle depositional trends was possible only by using the "zoom in" tool built into RiverMorph®
v.4.1.1.
The conclusion drawn from this exercise is UT1 is approaching profile equilibrium post
' restoration. The observed depositional trends represents the stream's natural response to its
realignment, grade control and aggressive riparian revetment associated with the stream
mitigation project. These observations provide an understanding of both the cause and effect for
the embedded conditions at the rock sill located at profile station 6+30 and J-Hook vane at profile
station 8+00 upstream from the intersect point of the two best-fit streambed trend lines at station
9+50.6. The observed condition in the field are explained by natural and well understood fluvial
geomorphic processes as natural streams entrain and deposit sediment in response to subtle shifts
in base level and hydraulic controls (i.e., in-stream structures). Should the results from
geomorphic stream surveys during monitoring Year 4 support depositional trends observed from
Year 0 through September 26, 2008, the completion date of the Year 3 total station stream surveys
on Bailey Fork and its two Unnamed Tributaries, these two problem areas will be removed from
Table X in Year 4.
3. Stream Problem Areas Plan View
The location of each structural problem area is shown on the stream problem area plan view
included in Appendix B. Each problem area is color coded with yellow for areas of low concern
' (areas to be watched) or red for high concern (areas where maintenance is warranted).
4. Stream Problem Areas Photos
r Photographs of the stream problem areas noted in Table Xb are included in Appendix B.
5. Fixed Station Photos
Photographs were taken at each established photograph station on September 9 2008
These
photographs are provided in Appendix B.
6
S
.
tability Assessment Table
The visual stream assessment was performed to determine the percentage of stream features
remaining in a state of stability after the first year of monitoring. A summary of the visual
assessment for each reach is included in Table XIa through Table Md. This summary was
compiled from the more comprehensive Table B1, included in Appendix B. Each of the
' structures shown on the as-built plans were assessed during monitoring and reported in the tables.

1

r.vans, iviecnwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc.
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork
EEP Contract # D04006-02
December 2008
Monitoring Year 3 of S
Page 21

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Table XIa. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Se ment/Reach: Upper
Feature Initial MY-01 MY-02 MY-03 MY-04 MY-05
A. Rifflesl 100% 87% 87% 87%
B. Pools2 100% 88% 88% 84%
C. Thalwe 100% 100% 100% 100%
D. Meanders 100% 91% 98% 98%
E. Bed General 100% 98% 98% 98%
F. Vanes / J Hooks etc. 3 100% 97% 96% 96%
G. Wads and Boulders4 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Table XIb. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Se ment/Reach: Lower
Feature Initial MY-01 MY-02 MY-03 MY-04 MY-05
A. Rifflesl 100% 100% 100% 100%
B. Pools2 100% 100% 100% 100%
C. Thalwe 100% 100% 100% 100%
D. Meanders 100% 91% 100% 100%
E. Bed General 100% 100% 99% 99%
F. Vanes / J Hooks etc. 3 100% 100% 100% 100%
G. Wads and Boulders4 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Table XIc. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Se ment/Reach: UT1
Feature Initial MY-01 MY-02 MY-03 MY-04 MY-05
A. Rifflesl 100% 93% 92% 92%
B. Pools2 100% 89% 87% 86%
C. Thalwe 100% 100% 100% 100%
D. Meanders 100% 100% 100% 100%
E. Bed General 100% 100% 100% 98%
F. Vanes / J Hooks etc. 3 100% 97% 97% 95%
G. Wads and Boulders3 100% 100% 100% 100%
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of 5
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 22

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Table XId. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
Bailey Fork Stream Restoration / EEP Project No. D04006-02
Se ment/Reach: UT2
Feature Initial MY-01 MY-02 MY-03 MY-04 MY-05
A. Rifflesl 100% 100% 89% 100%
B. Pools2 100% 96% 86% 93%
C. Thalwe 100% 100% 100% 100%
D. Meanders 100% 100% 100% 100%
E. Bed General 100% 100% 100% 100%
F. Vanes / J Hooks etc. 3 100% 95% 95% 95%
G. Wads and Boulders4
In •rn__ N/A
_ N/A
_ N/A N/A
i.iiuw am amr,6suu usmg the iongituamai prome. A rattle is determined to be stable based on a comparison
of location and elevation with respect to the as-built profile.
'Pools are assessed using the longitudinal profile. A pool is determined to be stable based on a comparison
of location.and elevation with respect to the as-built profile and a consideration of appropriate depth.
3Physical structures such as vanes, J-hooks, and root wads are assessed using the as-built plan sheets to
define the location of such features. A structure is considered stable if the feature remains functional in the
same location as shown in the as-built plan.
4Those features not included in the stream restoration were labeled N/A. This includes structures such as
rootwads and boulders.
Identified problematic structures on Tributaries UT1 and UT2 were vanes/J-hooks. Each of the
affected structures has become embedded in sand size sediment. However, the channel is stable at
each location where aggradation has covered a structure. The percentage of embedded features
has remained relatively the same for both tributaries from Year 1 to Year 3. (See discussion in
Section B.2, the longitudinal profiles, cross-sections and the tabular geomorphic and hydraulic
summary data for each reach in Table XII).
As a result of the streambank maintenance that occurred along Lower Bailey Fork in Year 2
during August 2007, each meander that was in an unstable state during Year 1 was repaired and
remains stable in Year 3. At profile station 1+75 on Lower Bailey Fork, bed instability was noted
in Year 2 where a mid-channel bar formed. This feature is still present in Year 3.Mid-channel
bars form due to over widening of the channel (i.e., increase in width/depth ratio). During high
flows and bankfull events, the hydraulics created by a longitudinal mid-channel bars divert stream
power from the center of the channel and increases shear stress in the near-bank region along both
sides of the channel. Left unchecked, mid-channel bars have a general tendency to enlarge over
time and contribute to ongoing channel overwidening by eroding both the left and right banks.
This location will continue to be monitored during channel stability assessments in future
monitoring years.
Upper Bailey Fork had several categories where unstable features were noted. However, the
stability percentages between Year 2 and 3 are very similar for the categories "bed general",
"vanes/J-hooks", and the stability percentage improved or unchanged for the "meanders"
category. As on Lower Bailey Fork, the eroding meanders were repaired and remain stable
through Year 3. Noted structures are embedded by fine to coarse sand sediment along this reach.
However, the channel remains stable at each location where sand entrainment and deposition has
covered a structure.
Three of the four stream reaches were noted to have unstable pools and riffles during Year 2; in
the tributaries, particularly UT2, the stability percentage decreased from Year 1 to Year 2.
Evans, Alechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of 5
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 23
1

1
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1

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1

1
Deposition was deemed the likely cause for those pools and riffles that differed in profile from as-
built, Year 0 conditions. Some of the pools have become quite shallow, a few to the point of
losing pool functions. In Year 3 UT2 shows considerable recovery with substantial percentage
increases in both pool and riffle stability categories. The unstable riffles were typically areas
where a structure had become covered by sediment. The decline in stability percentage from Year
1 to Year 2 was attributed to sedimentation, as aggradation was a visible trend throughout the
profiles in Year 2. This bedform adjustment may be attributed to extended drought during the
summer of 2007 and minimal flushing of sand-sized particles through the project reaches. During
Year 3, the stability and integrity of pools and riffles on each of the project reaches remained
essentially the same with minor gains and/or losses based on visual stability assessments.
Despite slight aggradation in some locations, and degradation at other locations, the common
theme drawn from the visual assessments, combined with detailed geomorphic and hydraulic
assessment and analyses of Year 3 monitoring data show each of the reaches transitioning in the
direction of increased stability, with improved channel-floodplain connectivity based on
increasing trends in entrenchment ratios, decreasing trends in Bank Height Ratios, and stable
width/depth ratios from analysis of the 12 monumented, long-term monitoring cross-sections on
the project reaches. Each of the four reaches are stable in Year 3. Therefore, no maintenance is
warranted based on qualitative and quantitative data analyses of Year 3 monitoring data for
Bailey Fork and Tributaries.
7. Quantitative Measures
Graphic interpretations of cross-sections, profiles and pebble counts are provided in Appendix B.
A summary of the baseline morphology for the site is included in Table XII for comparison with
the monitoring data shown in the tables in the appendices. Geomorphic data in Table XII, except
for Year 1 through Year 3 monitoring data, was provided by Natural Systems Engineering. Year
0 data presented in cross-sections and profiles, contained in Appendix B, were also provided by
Natural Systems Engineering.
The stream pattern data provided for Year 1 and Year 2 is the same as the data provided from the
As-Built survey, as pattern has not changed based on Year 1 and Year 2 stream surveys and visual
field assessments.
Bedform features continue to evolve along the restored reaches as shown on the long-term
longitudinal profiles. Riffle lengths and slopes are stable. Pool to pool spacings are representative
of reference reach conditions, adjusted for drainage area and bankfull width. The pools have
developed excellent glide features, providing spawning habitat for native fishes and riffle
substrates conducive for benthic macro-invertebrate populations to re-emerge. Of interest, is the
change (median decrease) in pool to pool spacings between Year 1, Year 2 and Year 3 on Upper
and Lower Bailey Fork and UT-2. Pool to pool spacings have remained relatively the same from
Year 0 through Year 3 as shown on the profiles and as summarized in Table XII. The bedform
adjustments may be attributed to extended drought beginning during the summer of 2006 through
2008 (low flow conditions) and minimal flushing of sand-sized particles through the project
reaches. Future monitoring may confirm this hypothesis. Comparison of As-Built, Year 1, Year 2
and Year 3 long-term stream monitoring data show successive increases in channel-floodplain
connectivity and increasingly stable channel dimensions, interpreted from width/depth ratios,
entrenchment ratios, and bank height ratios as shown on the long-term monitoring cross-sections,
profiles and in tabular format in Table XII.
The constructed riffles remain stable, with a median particle size ranging from very coarse gravel
to large cobble. The pools substrate remained stable, with median particle sizes ranging from fine
to coarse sand based on Year 3 substrate analysis. Constructed riffles remain stable, with a
median particle sizes ranging from very coarse gravel to large cobble, with one anomaly from
.Lvans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of S
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 24

particle distributions collected at Riffle Cross-Section 5. Using the Year 3 particle distribution
collected along this feature alone would indicate a Rosgen stream type substrate shift from C4
(coarse gravel) to a C3 (small to large cobble) dominated stream type (D50 = 110.1 mm; D84 =
163.8 mm). Sample interference is suspected due to the contribution of cobble-sized material
introduced during construction of the cross-vane step structure at the sample location. Random
substrate sample distributions collected at this location (with the exception of Year 0 "As-Built"
sample) show C3, small to large cobble substrate composition. It is well documented, based on
' reference reach boundary conditions, pre-existing site substrate composition, and substrate
readily available to the stream from the contribution drainage area, Upper Bailey Fork is a sand
and gravel substrate system. To approximate a reach (Wolman, 1954) particle distribution,
' characteristic of Upper Bailey Fork, substrate particle distributions from Riffle Cross-Section 5
and Pool Cross-Section 7 were combined (n = 118 measurements). The D50 and D84 particle size
for the approximated reach substrate particle distribution is 32.0 mm (coarse gravel) and 139.3
mm (large cobble), respectively, with fine to coarse sand comprising 37.3 percent of the sample
composition. Based on Year 3 median pool lengths and spacings, the 800 l.f. long-term
monitoring reach is 73.5 percent pools and glides and 26.5 riffles and runs. As a result, the
combination of one pool and one riffle particle distribution will statistically skew (over-estimate)
' reach D50 and D84 median particle size distributions.
1
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1

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Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of S
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 25
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1
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P

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7

1
1
IV. METHODOLOGY
Year 1 vegetation monitoring was conducted in September 2006 using the CVS-EEP Protocol for
Recording Vegetation, Version 4.0 (Lee, M.T., Peet, RK., Roberts, S.R., Wentworth, T.R. 2006).
Year 3 vegetation monitoring was conducted in September 2008 using the same protocol as used
in Years 1 and 2. Year 1 stream monitoring was conducted in April 2007 to provide adequate
time between the as-built survey (completed in August 2006) and the Year 1 monitoring survey.
Stream monitoring for Year 2 occurred in the fall of 2007, to provide six months between the
Year 1 and Year 2 surveys. Year 3 monitoring occurred in the fall of 2008 to provide a full year
between surveys. Subsequent stream monitoring will occur in the fall of Years 4 and 5 to
continue to provide adequate time between surveys. Vegetation monitoring will continue to be
conducted in the fall of each subsequent year of monitoring, providing a full year between
vegetative surveys.
' Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton & Tilton, Inc. December 2008
Monitoring Report - Bailey Fork Monitoring Year 3 of 5
EEP Contract # D04006-02 Page 30
1
1
1
1
APPENDIX A
Vegetation Raw Data
1. Vegetation Problem Area Photos
2. Vegetation Problem Area Plan View
3. Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
' 4. Vegetation Data Tables
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1

F

?J

VPA 1
View of the dominance of Sericea lespedeza in Vegetation Plot 8, considered a problem area
of high concern.
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)
' VPA 2
Overview of the spread of Sericea lespedeza along Upper Bailey Fork, looking upstream
along the left bank near station 7+00, considered a problem area of low concern.
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)

9M-90OZ :oN qor Z ?JV3A M31A NVId `d32JV W3180?ld NOI VA03n l ^ x x W 3 VJ
7't, 19 :XDJ VLHO 'sngwnlo0 'pooh AuuoglV -GN 0099
V XIaN3ddd YSO£
s4sllualoS . saauubld • sjoAanjnS . sjaaul6u3
,OOZ = „L :aleos ONIbMiINOUV Oul'Uopi g uoaalgwDH'PDMyoaW 'suDn3
8002 `jagwanoN :a3eo
b'NIIO?JVO Hi2JON `AiNnOO 3)i2jn9
Alk^
uanlsonul
..
/lot 70S -A
uaaou00 nnol ?r??'° ?AgIr
Uja
ir 3UOO 461H
I Ze ?

1

I
1

Vegetation Plot 1
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T,Inc. 9/9/08)
Vegetation Plot 2
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)

t

r

Vegetation Plot 4
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)

Vegetation Plot 3
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)
Vegetation Plot 5
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)
I s.
7
sit"
Aw-
Vegetation Plot 6
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)
i R T
top
? Z' ? ? .,e r 5 ato- $ 7
.lam - ?a. •i ° c }!'?'?-? 1t{3 43 e 4 v 777?''''? D`i,.
.?t'?. et rte., ?y
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Vegetation Plot 7
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)
Vegetation Plot 8
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)

n
11

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1

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Vegetation Plot 10
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)

Vegetation Plot 9
Monitoring Year 3
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)
1

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Table 2. Vegetation Vigor b Species
Species 4 3 2 1 0 Missing
Alnus serrulata 1
Cephalanthus occidentalis 1
Cornus amomum 13 2 1 1
Fraxinus penns Ivanica 1
Liriodendron tulipifera 6 1 1 7
Malus 1
N ssa s Ivatica 1
Platanus occidentalis 18 11 21 1 8
Quercus pagoda 20 3 9
Quercus phellos 5 3 3
Rosa alustris 1 1
Salix nigra 1
TOT: 12 71 24 6 1 0 30
11

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Table 3. Vegetation Damage b Species

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Cornus amomum 16, 15 1
Fraxinus enns Ivanica 1 1
Liriodendron tulipifera 8 8
Malus 1 1
N ssa s Ivatica 1 1
Platanus occidentalis 31, 31
Quercus pagoda 23 22 1
Quercus hellos 8 8
Rosa alustris 2 2
TOT: 10 92 90 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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6
6 -
D040062-01-0002 (year 3) 10 10
D040062-01-0003 ear 3) 10 10
D040062-01-0004 (year 3) 13 13
D040062-01-0005 (year 3 2 1. 1
D040062-01-0006 (year 3) 5 5
D040062-01-0007 (year 3) 15 15
D040062-01-0008 ear 3) 14 14
D040062-01-0009 (year 3) 5 4 1
D040062-01-0010 ear 3) 12 12
TOT: 10 92 90, 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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M M M M M M M M M M
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Alnus serrulata 1 1 1 1
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Fraxinus penns Ivanica 1 1 1 1
L_iriodendron tuli ifera 8 3 2.67 1 4 3
Malus 1 1 1 1
N ssa s Ivatica 1 1 1 1
Platanus occidentalis 31 6 5.17 1 1 9 4 6 10
Quercus pagoda 23 4 5.75 8 4 9 2
Quercus hellos 8 6 1.33 1 1 2 1 1 2
Rosa palustris 2 1 2 2
TOT: 10, 92, 10 6 10 10 13, 2 5 15 14 5 12
C
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t
APPENDIX B
Geomorphologic Raw Data
1. Stream Problem Areas Plan View
2. Stream Problem Area Photos
3. Fixed Station Photos
4. Table Bl. Qualitative Visual Stability Assessment
5. Cross Section Plots
6. Longitudinal Plots
7. Pebble Count Plots
8. Bankfull Event Photos
-S - L?£D BYrR 110,rB

BURKE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
MIM Date: November, 2008
BAILEY FORK
Evans, Mechwart, Hambleton 8, Tilton, Inc. MONITORING Scale: 1" = 200'
Engineers • Surveyors • Planners • Scientists
5500 New Albany Road, Columbus, OH 43054 APPENDIX B
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Job No:
M C M X X v ' STREAM PROBLEM AREA PLAN VIEW - YEAR 2 2006-1626
SPA 1
Area of aggradation along Lower Bailey Fork near station 1+75. Bar is heavily vegetated
and stable.
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)
SPA 2
Close-up view of aggradation over a rock sill in UT1 near station 6+30.
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)
R", 4
?a
,`It< i.
SPA 4
Bank scour in Year 2 along Upper Bailey Fork at station 3+50.
Bank is now vegetated. W/D ratio is too high resulting in aggradation.
(EMH&T, Inc. 10/22/07)
SPA 3
Bank scour in Year 1 along Upper Bailey Fork at station 3+50.
(EMH&T, Inc. 4/13/07)

SPA 5
Bank scour in Year 3 along Upper Bailey Fork at station 3+50.
Close-up of bank shows the heavy vegetation; scour is no longer visible and bank is stable
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)

1

1
Fixed Station 1 (Photo Point 13)
Overview of the valley at the confluence of Lower Bailey Fork and UT2, near the
downstream terminus of the project, facing upstream.
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)

1
Fixed Station 2 (Photo Point 14)
Overview of valley at confluence of Upper Bailey Fork and UT1, facing across the channel
from the left to right bank.
(EMH&T, Inc. 9/9/08)

1

1
1

1

1

Fixed Station 3 (Photo Point 15)
Overview of valley along UTI near the upstream terminus of the project, facing
downstream.
(EMH&T,Inc. 9/9/08)

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BF 1
Crest Gage I on UT1.
(EMH&T, Inc. 7/19/07)
BF 2
Crest Gage 4 on Lower Bailey.
(EMH&T, Inc. 10/17/07)