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Home My WebLink About20031035 Ver 1_Monitoring Report_20081212• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 0!) - 10 35 Marston Mitigation Project Jones County, North Carolina Prepared for Environmental Banc and Exchange, LLC 909 Capability Drive, Suite 3100 Raleigh, NC 27606 Prepared by WK Dickson and Co., Inc. 720 Corporate Center Drive Raleigh, NC 27607 (919) 782-0495 And Ecosystem & Land Trust Monitoring PO Box 1492 3674 Pine Swamp Road Sparta, NC 2867 October 2008 0 god o DEC 1 2 2008 DS ANA StORM?NA RBRM?? Y? Year 5 Monitoring Report Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) Table of Contents 1.0 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 INT RODUCTION 2.1 Project Description ....................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Project Purpose ............................................................................................................. 2 2.3 Project History & Schedule ........................................................................................ .. 2 3.0 HYDROLOGY .................................................................................................................... .. 6 • 3.1 Hydrologic Success Criteria ......................................................................................... 6 • 3.2 Description of Hydrology Monitoring Efforts ............................................................. 6 • 3.3 Results of Hydrology Monitoring ................................................................................ 7 3.3.1 Site Data ........................................................................................................... .. 7 3.3.2 Reference Data ................................................................................................. 11 • 3.3.3 Climate Data ..................................................................................................... 11 • 3.4 Hydrologic Conclusions ............................................................................................. 12 • 4.0 VEGETATION .................................................................................................................... 12 4.1 Vegetation Success Criteria ....................................................................................... 12 4.2 Description of Species and Vegetation Monitoring ..................................... ............. 13 4.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring .............................................................................. 13 4.4 Vegetation Observations & Conclusions ................................................................... 14 5.0 STR EAM MONITORING ................................................................................................... 15 5.1 Stream Success Criteria .............................................................................................. 15 5.2 Stream Morphology Monitoring Plan ........................................................................ 15 • 5.2.1 Cross Sections .................................................................................................. 15 5.2.2 Longitudinal Profile ........................................................................ 15 ................. 5.2.3 Hydrology ........................................................................................................ 15 • 5.2.4 Photo Reference Stations ................................................................................. 16 • 5.3 Stream Morphology Monitoring Results .................................................................... 16 5.3.1 Cross Sections ................................................................................... 16 ............... 5.3.2 Longitudinal Profile ......................................................................................... 16 • 5.3.3 Hydrology ........................................................................................................ 21 5.4 Stream Conclusions .................................................................................................... 17 • 6.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................. 21 i Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) List of Figures Figure 1. Vicinity Map .................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 2. USGS Map ...................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 3 Monitoring Overview ....................................................................................................... 5 Figure 4a. Groundwater Hydrographs ............................................................................................ 8 Figure 4b. Groundwater Hydrographs ............................................................................................ 9 Figure 5. Hydrologic Monitoring Results Map ............................................................................. 10 Figure 6. 2008 Precipitation for Marston ...................................................................................... 12 Figure 7a-d. Stream Problem Areas .............................................................................................. 17 List of Tables Table 1. Project Mitigation Structure and Objectives ..................................................................... 2 Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History ......................................................................... ... 2 Table 3. Project Contacts ............................................................................................................. ... 6 Table 4. Hydrologic Monitoring Results (Data collected through July) ......................................... 8 Table 5. Comparison of Normal Rainfall to Observed Rainfall ...................................................11 Table 6. Planted Tree Species ....................................................................................................... 13 Table 7. Volunteer Tree Species ................................................................................................... 13 Table 8. 2008 Vegetation Monitoring Plot Species Composition ................................................. 14 Table 9. Summary of Morphologic Monitoring Parameters ......................................................... 16 Table 10. Stream Areas Requiring Observation .......................................................................... . 16 Table 11. Crest Gauge Data ......................................................................................................... . 21 Table 12. Summary of Stream Monitoring Data 2004-2008 ....................................................... . 21 Table 13. Summary of Hydrologic Monitoring Data 2004-2008 ................................................ . 22 Table 14. Summary of Rainfall Data 2004-2008 ......................................................................... . 22 Table 15. Summary of Vegetative Monitoring Data 2004-2008 ................................................. . 22 APPENDICES Appendix A As-Built Survey Appendix B 2008 Profile and Cross Section Data Appendix C 2008 Gauge Data Appendix D 2008 Site Photos 11 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) 1.0 SUMMARY • This Annual Report details the monitoring activities during the 2008 growing season on the Marston Mitigation Site. Construction of the site, including planting of trees, was completed in f h or bot March 2004. The 2008 data represent results from Year 5 of hydrologic monitoring wetlands and streams. The design for the Marston property involved the restoration of a Coastal Plain small stream swamp as described by Schafale and Weakley (1990). After construction, it was determined that • 6,416 feet of stream and 37.7 acres of wetland hydrology were restored. An additional 8.6 acres of wetlands were enhanced on the northern end of the project. The As-Built survey is included as i i h d l i ng, s x y ro og c Appendix A. This Annual Report presents the data from stream monitor • monitoring stations, and eight vegetative monitoring plots, as required by the approved Mitigation • Plan for the site. Three of the hydrologic stations at the site are equipped with manual groundwater gauges, and • three stations are equipped with automated gauges and a manual calibration gauge. Additionally, the gauges are used as points from which photographs are taken over time. Based on field • observations in 2008, all six hydrology monitoring gauges met the hydrologic success criteria of a • hydroperiod of at least 7 percent of the growing season. The site reference wetland hydrology • monitoring gauge documented a 5 percent hydroperiod. Data from the Trenton Weather Station and from a manual rain gauge located on the site were • used to document daily and monthly precipitation levels. The manual gauge is used to validate observations made at the automated station. For the 2008 growing season, rainfall was above normal limits early on, but dropped below normal for most of the latter part of the growing • season. Most of North Carolina experienced drought conditions during the summer of 2008. 40 Based on the results of ground water monitoring over years one through five, it was concluded that the site has achieved the hydrologic success criteria specified in the Mitigation Plan. The restored stream channel has remained stable, and is providing the intended habitat and hydrologic functions. Two bankfull events were recorded during the 2008 monitoring year. The • longitudinal profile and all monitored cross-sections show very little adjustment of stream • dimension. Based on the results of stream monitoring over years one through five, it was concluded that the • site has achieved the stream success criteria specified in the Mitigation Plan. Monitoring of the vegetation plots in 2008 recorded an average of 428 surviving planted stems • per acre at the site. Seven of the eight plots recorded well above the first success criteria level of • 260 stems per acre, with one plot recording 220 surviving planted stems per acre and 490 total stems per acre, counting both planted and volunteer stems. • Based on the results of the vegetative monitoring over years one through five, it was concluded that the site has achieved the vegetative success criteria specified in the Mitigation Plan. 1 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) 2.0 INTRODUCTION 2.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Located in Jones County, the Marston Mitigation Site encompasses approximately 176 acres. It is located approximately twelve miles west of the town of Trenton, North Carolina (Figure 1 and Figure 2). This project provides compensatory mitigation for stream and wetland impacts within the resident hydrologic unit. The Marston Site was designed to restore a Coastal Plain small stream swamp as described by Schafale and Weakley (1990). The Coastal Plain small stream swamp communities exist as the floodplains of small blackwater streams in which separate fluvial features and associated vegetation are too small or poorly developed to distinguish. Construction at the site was completed in February 2004, with 58 acres of vegetation planted by March 2004. Groundwater, surface water, and rain gauges were functional beginning March 15, 2004. The 2008 monitoring season represents Year 5 of monitoring for the site. 2.2 PROJECT PURPOSE Monitoring of the Marston Site is required to demonstrate successful mitigation based on the criteria found in the Mitigation Plan for the site, the Neu-Con Umbrella Stream and Wetland Mitigation Bank Instrument, and through a comparison to reference site conditions. Hydrologic, vegetation, and stream monitoring are conducted on an annual basis. Success criteria must be met for five consecutive years. This Annual Monitoring Report details the results of the monitoring efforts for 2008 (Year 5) at the Marston Mitigation Site. Table 1. Proiect Mitigation Structure and Obiectives Reach Name As-Built Length feet Restoration Approach RI 5,608 Restoration R2 772 Restoration Total 6,380 Wetland 37 Acres Restoration 2.3 PROJECT HISTORY & SCHEDULE Table 2. Proiect Activitv and Renortino Historv Month Activity December 2003 Approved Mitigation Plan March 2004 Construction Completed March 2004 Post-restoration Monitoring Begins November 2004 1 st Annual Monitoring Report November 2005 2nd Annual Monitoring Report November 2006 3rd Annual Monitoring Report November 2007 4th Annual Monitoring Report November 2008 5th Annual Monitoring Report 2 ur - j J` ?? Ut =r c l ? _ ur d r Project Site u? N 0 _ N D /State HI J u Y (JI v 7J a 0 Marston Vicinity Map Legend Jones County Streams 0 0.5 1 2 Roads Miles Marston Si Hill Rd? 0 J` ' J Battle w ? ._ `1 i . ',Yy 1??? _ _ ?•?'C-rn? i it Figure 2 ? Marston t Jones County Legend USGS Map Streams 0 5001.000 2.000 3.000 4,000 Roads Feet Marston Project Site 0 N C- > O o O O v W U) 0 U U? O ? o o ? O O \\\\ i:*. iii 4 tit. (? x s ;fir I -j, Q: i r 11 -..? Yr 5^ s"x y d 4"t `a$ I I' c? ? s x 3 U( %` -:v?- z gg - a a t ?'a r ``g? f_ . z ..?. I ? I Is. ,J I?III??tI i i e Y te'l -C a"-- F 1 5 zn •?_ Iii - '`' ??.t'?' .e?`? _ a /. - y`? ?• ill i°e? i Sc ' ?g c i i i i Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) Table 3. Project Contacts Contact Firm Information Project Manager EBX-Neuse 1, LLC Norton Webster 919 608-9688 Designer Buck Engineering PC Kevin Tweedy, PE 919 463-5488 Monitoring Contractor WK Dickson and Co., Inc Daniel Ingram 919 782-0495 3.0 HYDROLOGY 3.1 HYDROLOGIC SUCCESS CRITERIA As stated in the approved Mitigation Plan, the hydrologic success criterion for the site is to restore the water table at the site so that it will remain within 12 inches of the soil surface for at least 7 percent of the growing season continuously (approximately 16 days). The day counts are based on the growing season for Jones County, which is 232 days long, beginning on March 20 and ending November 7, as calculated from National Weather Service Wetlands Determination Tables (WETS) for Jones County. As specified in the approved Mitigation Plan, data are collected from three automated and three manual groundwater gauges. The Mitigation Plan further specified that, in order for the hydrologic data to be considered successful, it must demonstrate wetland conditions are present in normal or dryer than normal conditions. 3.2 DESCRIPTION OF HYDROLOGY MONITORING EFFORTS Three manual groundwater gauges, three automated groundwater gauges, and one rain gauge were installed prior to the beginning of the first growing season to monitor groundwater (Figure 3). Groundwater gauges, both manual and automated, were installed to a minimum depth of at least 40 inches below the ground surface. The monitoring protocol for the site specifies that automated monitoring stations will be downloaded and checked for malfunctions on a monthly basis. During monthly site visits, manual groundwater gauges are read and rainfall totals are collected from the on-site rain gauge. During the 2008 growing season, all of the automated loggers performed well, and no periods of missing data were encountered. Automated Gauges Automated groundwater gauges record water table elevations twice daily at 08:00 and 20:00. These automatic gauges employ pressure sensors that record water elevation above the bottom of the sensor (with atmospheric pressure compensation). Immediately adjacent to each automatic gauge is a manual calibration gauge. The calibration water table depth is recorded at monthly downloads. To determine wetland hydroperiods, the automatically recorded data are compared to the calibration data to determine a standard correction factor between the calibration gauge and the automatic gauge for each location. The standard correction factor is applied to correct the daily readings. The corrected daily readings are then used to determine wetland hydroperiods. Manual Gauges Water table depths are recorded monthly in manual groundwater gauges. To calculate wetland hydroperiods, interpolations are made between monthly readings by correlating twice daily automatic gauge readings. Each manual gauge is correlated to an automatic gauge based on proximity, landscape position, and the relationship of their groundwater depth readings (i.e. if their readings are separated by a consistent value). Once the appropriate automatic gauge has Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) been selected, a correction factor is calculated for each monthly gauge reading. A daily rate of change between monthly correction factors is calculated to determine the daily correction factor. The daily correction factor is then applied to the automatic gauge readings to calculate an estimated daily water table depth for the manual gauge. These daily readings are used to determine wetland hydroperiods. • Data Interpretation • Wetland hydroperiods are calculated from twice daily water table depth elevations. A hydroperiod is calculated if the water table is equal to or less than -12 inches below ground surface for at least 24 hours. If a gauge falls below -12 inches for two consecutive readings (24 • hours) then the hydroperiod ends at the last reading within -12 inches. If a gauge falls below -12 inches for only one reading then maintains a reading above -12 inches for a minimum of 24 hours then the hydroperiod is calculated continuously. This methodology accounts for minor technical • malfunctions experienced by the automatic gauges. 3.3 RESULTS OF HYDROLOGY MONITORING The following hydroperiod statistics were calculated for each monitoring station during the growing season: 1) most consecutive days that the water table was within twelve inches of the surface; 2) cumulative number of days that the water table was within twelve inches of the soil surface; and 3) number of times that the water table rose to within twelve inches of the soil surface (Table 4). Depth of groundwater for each of the monitoring gauges is shown in a graph with precipitation (Figure 4). This hydrograph demonstrates the reaction at each monitoring location of the groundwater level to specific rainfall events. Raw hydrograph data collected from the monitoring gauges is provided in Appendix C. The site was designed to function as a riparian wetland system with associated wet flats. Hydrology in the riparian areas is driven primarily by groundwater discharge and over bank flooding, while precipitation is the primary hydrologic influence in wet flat areas. Model simulations performed during the design phase of the project indicate that the entire site would range from slightly higher than the minimum wetland criteria of 5 percent to more saturated areas that would exceed 12.5 percent. The data collected for the 2008 growing season for this site indicate it is performing as described in the Mitigation Plan, with varying degrees of wetness documented. 3.3.1 Site Data The results of hydrology monitoring in 2008 are presented in Table 4 and Figures 4a and 4b. Data collected from all the groundwater monitoring gauges on the Marston Mitigation Site document that hydrologic success criteria have been met during the 2008 growing season. All gauges show consecutive saturated conditions within the 12 inches below soil surface for at least seven percent of the growing season (17 consecutive days), and cumulative soil saturation within 12 inches of the ground surface for over 12.5 percent of the growing season (35 days of the entire season). The groundwater gauge data is found in Appendix C. This data, together with the corresponding climatic data for the area, demonstrate that the site meets the hydrologic success criteria for the 2008 growing season. Rainfall is considered within the normal long-term yearly range for rainfall totals. 7 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) Table 4. Hvdrologic Monitoring Results (Data collected through Julv) 2008 Max Hydroperiod (Growing Season 20-Mar through 7-Nov, 232 days) Consecutive Cumulative Gauge Days Percent of growing Season Days Percent of growing Season Occurrences AW 1 17 7.3% 32 13.8% 5 AW2 42 18.1% 59 25.4% 5 AW3 27 11.6% 43 18.5% 7 MW I 18 7.8% 41 17.7% 8 MW2 35 15.1% 37 15.9% 3 MW3 35 15.1% 35 15.1% 1 Webb Reference 12 5.2% 26 11.2% 4 8 Figure 4a. Groundwater Hydrographs 9 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year S) Figure 4b. Groundwater Hydrographs IC) _O ry W n O _ r-- F-- In r 0 n L, v z Q 066 w 1II1 L--r--? ? Y ??. •?'? , ?.. tit 1 i ?t 1'? 4 c M?., 1 ?9 a J.,'t d 115 ? ? ? - _,- All, -t Ik? ? ? ? ?ti 9? ; -? I I _ -_ 5 lh 5 i ?A f ?'-- M 1 , a? 1 I ,"fr ???'? x 1r 19 / -s v 4 3' IU 3 ' I 5 y 1.W r ?? 1 o I r Y Af t? 1? FC V ? ? ?2 T 1 gL 3 y.d ?1 ?. - •: ?r F ti? 55 ? . ` uu I'll t 1.1 l .9' _ ?.?? Illllllll _, 01-1 a Ir ?? -• ?I oeeeeeoeoeww O Cf) (D O a / ` N ? :D T) O u/ o (f) O w O LL o C) O 0 Z f 3 1 Zt! tl• y , ? i 2 C. ro..n rruy?? =0 =Q 5 % s s+ f i I s' i 1 cl, f A' 1s' oaf €' ,, ? -1rµ 3 ?. X. 8 ?. vpas, i ZZX, ?? A; CK1 %sry i,L, -;? ate: ? ?.r'S A F?"' ?_ ?L`.a" ?•?a . L w ?E 0 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) 3.3.2 Reference Data The approved Mitigation Plan provides that if the rainfall data for any given year during the monitoring period is not normal, the reference wetland data can be accessed to determine if there is a positive correlation between the performance of the restoration site and the natural hydrology of the reference site. The data from the Webb reference wetland groundwater gauge recorded a hydroperiod of 5 percent of the 2008 growing season (Figure 5). The groundwater gauge data is found in Appendix C. 3.3.3 Climate Data Comparisons of the 2008 monthly rainfall totals to historical precipitation for Jones County are shown in Table 5 and Figure 6. Observed precipitation data were collected from an automated weather station in Trenton and an on-site manual rain gauge. For the 2008 growing season, on- site rainfall measurements correlate well with the Trenton gauge data, but were generally below the weather station data. The Trenton monthly rainfall amounts were above normal for the months of February, April, May, July, and August, but within normal limits for January, March, and June. Monthly rainfall data for September through December 2008 were not available at the time this report was compiled. Table 5. Cmmnarisnn of Nnrmal Rainfall to nhcPrvPrl Rainfall Norma l Limits Month Average 30 Percent 70 Percent Trenton Precipitation On-Site Precipitation January 4.77 3.74 5.72 4.68 --- February 3.57 2.24 4.14 10.98 6.30 March 4.41 3.27 5.06 3.27 5.98 April 3.47 1.91 4.45 10.70 4.36 May 4.12 2.87 4.82 6.88 2.85 June 4.89 3.4 5.9 3.66 1.96 July 6.22 4.55 7.41 7.13 2.35 August 6.12 4.28 7.08 9.33 5.25 September 5.51 2.99 6.74 13.58 3.96 October 3.34 1.69 4.79 --- --- November 2.93 2.17 3.74 --- --- December 3.64 2.34 4.43 --- --- Total 52.99 35.45 64.28 70.21 33.01 11 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) Figure 6. 2008 Precipitation for Marston 2008 Precipitation for Marston Site Growing Season la - -- 13 -- 12 10 y .L 9 V O .V a 3 ......... 2 •' 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D Months f?Trenton (318706)Daily Rainfall On-site Raingauge -------30th/70th Percentile ?Trenton Monthly Rainfall 3.4 HYDROLOGIC CONCLUSIONS Data collected from the groundwater monitoring gauges on the Marston Mitigation Site in 2008 indicate that all of the hydrology monitoring stations recorded hydroperiods of at least 7 percent of the growing season. The site reference wetland hydrology monitoring gauge recorded a hydroperiod of 5 percent. Trenton weather station rainfall data indicates that the 2008 growing season rainfall amounts were normal to above normal for the first part of the growing season, while the on-site rainfall was below normal to normal except for the months of February through April. 4.0 VEGETATION 4.1 VEGETATION SUCCESS CRITERIA The interim measure of vegetative success for the Marston Mitigation Plan was survival of at least 320 planted trees per acre at the end of Year 3 of the monitoring period. The mitigation site was successful in meeting the interim success criteria, and 475 stems per acre were recorded at the end of the Year 3 monitoring period. The final vegetative success criteria is the survival of 260 planted trees per acre at the end of Year 5 of the monitoring period. Up to 20 percent of the site species composition may be comprised of 12 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) volunteers. Remedial action may be required should these (i.e. loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), red maple (Ater rubrum), sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciua), etc.) present a problem and exceed 20 percent composition. 4.2 DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES AND VEGETATION MONITORING Eight plots were established on the Marston Mitigation Site to monitor approximately 2 percent of the site. The vegetation monitoring plots were designed to be 1/10 of an acre in size. The plots were randomly located and randomly oriented within the wetland restoration area. Six tree species were planted in the Wetland Restoration Area (Table 6). Table 6. Planted Tree Sneries ID Common Name Scientific Name FAC Status 1 Swamp Tupelo Nyssa biflora OBL 2 Blackgum Nyssa sylvatica FAC 3 Overcup Oak Quercus lyrata OBL 4 Swamp Chestnut Oak Quercus michauxii FACW- 5 Coastal Willow Oak Quercus phellos FACW- 6 Bald Cypress Taxodium distichum OBL All of the planted stems inside the plot were flagged with orange flagging and marked with a three-foot tall piece of half inch PVC to mark them as the planted stems and to help in locating them in the future. Each stem is tagged with a numbered aluminum tag, though some tags have been damaged by meadow voles. 4.3 RESULTS OF VEGETATION MONITORING Table 8 presents stem counts for each of the monitoring stations. Each planted tree species is identified across the top row, and each plot is identified down the left column. The numbers on the top row correlate to the ID column of Table 6, and the letters correlate with the volunteer ID column in Table 7. Trees are flagged in the field on a quarterly basis before the flags degrade. Flags are utilized because they will not interfere with the growth of the tree. Volunteers are also flagged during this process. The tallies shown on Table 8 include the volunteer stems within each plot. Annual variation in stem count data can be attributed to mortality and regeneration from the root stock of stems that were previously assessed to be dead. Table 7. Vnbmteer Tree Cneriec ID Scientific Name Common Name FAC Status A Diospyros virginiana Persimmon FAC B Platanus occidentalis Sycamore FACW- C Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash FACW D Ulmus rubra Slippery Elm FAC 13 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year S) Table 8.2008 Vegetation Monitoring Plot Suecies Composition Plot 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Planted stems per acre A B C D Total with volunteers Stems per acre with volunteers M1 0 4 3 12 12 32 63 630 1 0 0 0 64 640 M2 0 44 6 1 2 4 57 570 1 0 0 0 58 580 M3 0 10 6 0 4 2 22 220 3 23 1 0 49 490 M4 25 0 1 1 3 24 54 540 0 0 0 0 54 540 MS 0 9 10 7 1 1 28 280 35 0 0 1 64 640 M6 0 2 3 11 14 4 34 340 0 0 0 3 37 370 M7 0 2 9 25 5 0 41 410 0 0 0 1 42 420 M8 14 0 0 5 2 22 43 430 0 0 0 0 43 430 Average Stems Per Acre: 428 Range of Stems Per Acre: 220-630 Volunteer species were monitored throughout the five year monitoring period. Volunteer woody species were observed in most of the vegetation plots. The following tree species were identified as volunteers within in the Wetland Restoration Area and were tallied in the plot stem counts: Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), red maple (Acer rubrum), sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) and persimmon (Diospyros virginiana). 4.4 VEGETATION OBSERVATIONS & CONCLUSIONS Hydrophytic herbaceous vegetation is abundant onsite. Rush (Juncus effusus), spike-rush (Eleocharis obtusa), climbing hempweed (Mikania scandens), tearthumb (Polygonum sagittatum), boxseed (Ludwigia spp.), cat-tails (Typha spp.), woolgrass (Scirpus cyperinus) and sedge (Carex spp.), all hydrophytic herbaceous plants, are observed across the site, particularly in areas of periodic inundation. The presence of these herbaceous wetland plants helps to confirm the presence of wetland hydrology on the site. • There are weedy species occurring on the site, though few seem to be posing any wide spread • problems for the woody or herbaceous hydrophytic vegetation. Commonly seen weedy vegetation includes ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), wild dill (Foeniculum vulgare), Chinese lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata), goldenrod (Solidago spp.), dogfennel (Eupatorium capillifolium) • and morning glory (Ipomoea spp.). The site was planted in nonriverine hardwoods and coastal plain swamp species in March 2004. i There were eight 1/101" acre vegetation-monitoring plots established throughout the planting . areas. The site met the minimum interim success criterion of 320 trees per acre by the end of year three, and meets the final success criteria of 260 trees per acre by the end of year five, with the exception of Plot 3. • For the 2008 monitoring year, the average number of stems per acre on site is 428. The site met the minimum success interim criteria of 320 trees per acre by the end of year three, and meets the • final success criteria of 260 trees per acre by the end of year five, with the exception of Plot 3. • The treatment of the lespedeza in the area of concern around Plot 3 was successful, and the total stems per acre in the affected area, including volunteers, is well within an acceptable range. 14 r? Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) 5.0 STREAM MONITORING 5.1 STREAM SUCCESS CRITERIA As stated in the approved Mitigation Plan, the stream restoration success criteria for the site includes the following: • Bankfull Events: Two bankfull flow events must be documented within the five-year monitoring period. • Cross-Sections: There should be little change in as-built cross sections. Cross sections shall be classified using the Rosgen stream classification method and all monitored cross- sections should fall within the quantitative parameters defined for "E or "C" type channels. • Longitudinal Profiles: The longitudinal profiles should show that the bedform features are remaining stable, e.g. they are not aggrading or degrading. Bedforms observed should be consistent with those observed in "E" and "C" type channels. • Photo Reference Stations: Photographs will be used to subjectively evaluate channel aggradation or degradation, bank erosion, success of riparian vegetation, and effectiveness of erosion control measures. • Benthic Macroinvertebrates: Sampling of benthic macroinvertebrates within the restored stream channel shall be conducted for the first three years of post-restoration monitoring. 5.2 STREAM MORPHOLOGY MONITORING PLAN To document the stated success criteria, the following monitoring program was instituted following construction completion on the Marston Site: 5.2.1 Cross Sections Two permanent cross sections were installed per 1,000 linear feet of stream restoration work, with one (1) of the locations being a riffle cross section and one (1) location being a pool cross section. A total of 13 permanent cross sections were established across the mitigation site. Each cross section was marked on both banks with permanent pins to establish the exact transect used. Permanent cross section pins were surveyed and located relative to a common benchmark to facilitate easy comparison of year-to-year data. The annual cross-section surveys include points measured at all breaks in slope, including top of bank, bankfull, inner berm, edge of water, and thalweg. Riffle cross-sections are classified using the Rosgen stream classification system. 5.2.2 Longitudinal Profile A longitudinal profile will be completed in Years 1, 3, and 5. The profile will be conducted for a length of restored channel at least 3,000 feet in length. Measurements will include thalweg, water surface, inner berm, bankfull, and top of low bank. Each of these measurements will be taken at the head of each feature, e.g. riffle, run, pool, and glide, and the max pool depth. A common benchmark will be used each year to facilitate comparison of year-to-year data. 5.2.3 Hydrology A crest gauge was installed on the site to document bankfull events. The gauge is checked each month, and records the highest out-of-bank flow event that occurred during the past month. The gauge is located near stream station 60+50 (Figure 3). 15 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) 5.2.4 Photo Reference Stations Photographs are used to visually document restoration success. Nine reference photo stations have been established across the Marston Site. Reference stations are marked with wooden stakes, and GPS coordinates have been determined for each location. Reference photos are taken at least once per year. Reference photos are taken at each permanent cross section from both stream banks. The survey tape is centered in the photographs of the bank, and the water line is located in the lower edge of the frame with as much of the bank as possible included in each photo. Structure photos of each grade control structure are also taken. A photo log of the Marston site is included as Appendix D. 5.3 STREAM MORPHOLOGY MONITORING RESULTS 5.3.1 Cross Sections Year 5 cross section monitoring data for stream stability were collected during July 2008 and compared to data collected in prior years (Table 9; Appendix B). All monitored cross sections were stable and showed little change in channel dimensions. 5.3.2 Longitudinal Profile A longitudinal profile survey was conducted in Year 5. The profile survey indicated little change to channel dimensions (Table 9; Appendix B). Streams in the Coastal Plain are dynamic in nature and some channel adjustment is expected. Stream areas requiring observation are described in Table 10, and their locations are shown in Figures 7a-7d. Table 9. Summary of Morphologic Monitoring Parameters Parameter Year 5 Year 5 Reach 1 Reach 2 Bankfull Cross Section Area, Abkf (s ft 13.1 8.0 Avg. Bankfull Width, Wbkf (ft) 14.9 12.5 Bankfull W/D 17.5 19.7 Bankfull Mean Depth, Dbkf (ft) 0.9 0.6 Bankfull Max Depth, Dmax (ft) 1.5 1.2 Table 10. Stream Areas Ri-nmirino nhcarvatinn ID Station Feature Problem Severity Recommended Action SPA1 Reach 1-24+50 Old beaver dam- breached Has resolved itself. Negligible None SPA2 Reach 1-29+00 Log Vane Washed under vane Moderate None SPA3 Reach 1-32+90 Channel Sand entering Moderate None channel, deposition SPA4 Reach 1-40+00 Channel - right Kudzu becoming Minor Herbicide bank established Treatment SPA4 Reach 1-41+82 Channel - right Kudzu becoming Minor Herbicide bank established Treatment 16 ? o «i o O G? ? J `--i a O o a - -4 CJi rt w I Its Iro I' I O f , I W J LII 10, II 't(i, Sa i ••? C / r ! ii!i b O v tt ?„ 1 , Y .y r _ \ y ` - 1 \ FII ?.• 0 1, t i xF O + i r ' :j ON y 4 I err x w 6 , ?s ?- - - z ?. _.....? 1r? y i!a O .U¢ ?,?1 '•rr ? z ' e 'fit a? ' U irl•'1/?'! !r' oil i U ,- r 1 ; : f ,r r r, dam h i:jl' r ;'p' ijgq liffi, rj) Z` IIN, j ? ft d C U Z ?? r; 11 -4. ' Vj C7 +j tl i?i i ?i ,- uU I1 i$ i( silly,! ' 'I 1; r ? ;? ! 1 I IT? 1' ! W I II I II?i ?E; i cn c? N O N ? O c? N 52 v xw a +' f o ??` ?, \ 11 l' s o \ .1 I,I r.• ,1? d \ W ` i \ V ,`1 '? Q ! I VWAS ``\ ii Ir \ \ X? 1r1 LLI U `\ U \.' .. rr w I -! lU S 1ti t ui !I Il LLJI g ca ar ° 1 \ Z Ir z ?O ?It !I' O I ? ? s a ? ?' r, O...NNS +r ! I ' J 0+ r I 1 , X w o a? ? w ? o ? a • w, w ? N 54... r 4 \,5 5 t s yr. O+ I PSG ? `0, xH 115` a ? l i;s ^. LO 00 t 2 I o + \ .. W. o ItCH 4 \ Qqn I :sf5:: w It LL eV" r-` _ .? _ .. I m I O 1 ca. / r. S4 1 1 J \? \`1 Na 't? zz f J 1{? '1 t rk. t g /' I I X IL R yin 11 ? ? - (7 go., r i f' •,',' K- r 4- 1 ` -1- 00 W ? r' FI ? \\ 1 2? SQ / ' C7 x to \\\ \ "e N XY) E 133HS 3NIlH?1tlW •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• cn c? N / G i r i !• si S'\ f N 7 N ? . E O N ? O a c? • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 0 • • • • • • r Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) 5.3.3 Hydrology During the 2008 monitoring year, two bankfull events on the site were documented during site visits through the use of the onsite crest gauge (Table 11). The largest stream flow recorded on the gauge (CG 1) was 1.10 feet above bankfull elevation in April 2008. Table 11. Crest Gauge Data Month Recorded Crest Gauge January --- February 0.00 March 1.05 April 1.10 May 0.00 June 0.00 Jul 0.00 August --- September 0.00 October --- November --- December --- 5.4 STREAM CONCLUSIONS The channel was dry during the latter part of the 2008 growing season, making it difficult to take photographs of the stream channel itself. All potential problem areas are minor and localized, and no corrective actions are recommended at this time. All monitored cross sections fell within the quantitative parameters defined for "E" or "C" type channels. Two bankfull events were documented during site visits through the use of the on site crest gauge and visual evidence of out-of-bank flow. The Marston site has recorded many bankfull events over the five year monitoring period. The restored stream channel has remained stable and is providing the intended habitat and hydrologic functions. In-stream structures are stable and functioning as designed. Monitored cross-sections have exhibited little adjustment in stream dimension. There are no stream problem areas requiring repair. All erosion areas are moving toward stability or are normal in a dynamic coastal plain channel. Therefore, it can reasonably be concluded that the site has achieved the success criteria for streams as specified in the Mitigation Plan for the site. 6.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The stream, hydrologic, and vegetation monitoring data for all five monitoring years at the site are summarized in Table 9 and Tables 12-15. Based on this data, it can be concluded that the site has achieved the stream, hydrologic, and vegetative success criteria specified in the Mitigation Plan. Table 12. Summary of fitream Mnnitnr;nn not. '71 Md_1MO4 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Minimum Number of Bankfull Events 1 2 7 4 2 Maximum Height Above Bankfull (feet) 2.0 2.0 1.7 2.5 1.1 21 Marston Mitigation Site Annual Monitoring Report for 2008 (Year 5) Table 13. Summarv of Hydrologic Manitarina data WMd_Inn52 Well Most Consecutive Days Meeting Criteria (% Growing Season) Cumulative Days Meeting Criteria (% Growing Season) Monitoring Year Monitoring Year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 AW1 11 18 14 4 17 52 53 57 13 32 AW2 11 39 29 7 42 55 63 78 15 59 AW3 12 15 15 6 27 63 56 82 16 43 MWl 12 18 13 8 18 63 53 * 19 41 MW2 12 18 30 7 35 63 53 * 15 37 MW3 11 15 13 5 35 52 56 * 12 35 Ref - Webb 3 8 * 2 12 11 22 * 3 26 ..v ua?a avai V Table 14_ Snmmarv of Rainfall not-a 7nnd_')nn4 Total for January -April Total for Janua - November Monitoring Year Monitoring Year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Actual 12.2 11.9 9.29 17.4 29.6 46.5 38 51.5 32.7 72.5* Average 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.2 16.2 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4 30% Average 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1 ..,.w. ..,, ---y . L...vugii vAwuci 1'+ Table 15_ Snmmarv of Vnaotatix7o X4--;+--;-- 'n-4- ^fnnA Ilnno Planted Stems Per Acre Plot Base 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Survival Total Stems Per Acre 2008 M1 680 70 610 660 650 630 93% 640 M2 610 150 590 560 560 570 93% 580 M3 690 310 260 520 290 220 320% 490 M4 550 470 540 540 540 540 98% 540 MS 600 410 350 360 320 280 46% 640 M6 590 310 350 320 320 340 58% 970 M7 670 490 420 410 420 410 61% 420 M8 530 470 430 430 450 430 81% 430 Average 628 335 444 475 444 428 68% 589 22 APPENDIX A As-Built Survey w a F -4 a a W a „ I as c? i w a ® x U 3 ?a F_ u? a 0 U w 0 24 W U a N w 0 O LLI LU yy w w xa CO Z Z0 Way x? ? J LU W 7 w > lil rn 8 ?H V w a 1 p]:E c ti c 4 »- _o o ? rn m U ? - y 1 ??• W W gn Hq° W 4 :-q ON; O J rc ozLL ? W as°r8 z w a g ti ?Z Z V W = o z U II V O ? I U w w w O Q a' N U J K Q! ?? W zY U o? OLu? [tY, "M? m g !V? oc W Q 03 A co W WO o? MAN 11 W UJ V) II Q U W W FF W n a ll. U- U- 00 co 10 M co I o ^ u u ? I a ~ = ~ C7 ? ~ Zw II .?+ Z W W Z J W F W N -r .- z I _ _ O = W i? 6 Jae LW z I C' ce V) 0 0 () zz ?s 111 ;7; vi vi 0 0 0 II W 33 J J J W W f l m m co Q Q aa a oo ?I CL CL l F Q? O O ? W a II ' J : _ ? u U ° ° Z O - V m i n v ? vi O Z O Z X til • S _ : Z N ?w :. d . .. : . W J ? ? N CO O _... 0- . UJ 0- - ::.. E: , N ? _._?. ..._:. N ._ LL W I. J in t In o NO ISYKV = L OLO a 9fo9-a . s ............................................ 8 Z !Ng 74g ? ago G3~ w? ?i 3 HW ED ? 'a C S€'..m 0 F m wS C p N zlf w°D° 3 ° gr A o N T ?omJ Z. C,4 0 ?<vi o ? W O cu l -i Z O N LL Q .0- 2 2 ? azi M zMW. b 133HS 3NIIHOIVA N 6 o i O O U O IN C N 0 i I 4 ?i i z C'j a W O O N ?'? g°' < 3 z ? d ? cts 0 g 8V < N t t o o m W m C)) z G p CL al "= Q C w2 3 w W 14 I . ? W W \\ I(I I `II . yam Gam •C I1 I i I o\ I ? r :? t Ia i WWo ?i r• 'li, r DIP o O \ n 4n O? 11 wa P0 Ua Ow 2 Ir Fa N LL V i ............. i ` i ij % I J •:' ii l ,`?.? 1 2 `4Q !j ? 1 I / i I 1 a I o° ?<0 02i 0 3 O . W in LL u Q yy 0. Er W IQ m y LL C ?O O ?J N .mop jM « O W? (QKQ(y1 Oz U1 S 13-- 3NIIH31bW F ' t 3Q O K ryry,? y oN??N \ ?i'lll?yl'=;,,-;-?s?:n,?`.? 1 lvs: -• 'off' ? , . tttU" ry ?11t4itFillA ? N Z N O + a y{ ~ N 19tpp/? A . / w H X (a a OL w ?- z Z0 IL 3 OO 51- H zw w a > z 1 ON _ 0~ ya ? ? a O z J ra/• I 1 i ` I rn i J / I W5J y z > z j y? h O 3 2a zl S ? W C o ai a W 3 3 ?' a c N ..? O z O m a) ri O S$ .211 t\ `?t w C o ? w t7 <0 N WVo iyZm <"rco W.* N ?C>O Ip I W Er i Q I e„ 1? pV? O 4 ? , ? 5(V L V/ gV $ U 3 g 3 a3 r Q N I o W N ? ? ? + ? m z r! o j ?- N HE W z M W w i' i ....... ;t 't y \? zs £S, i j, I ? 1 s i `1111 is t; j 1 4 rl till LL \ .t v) cq v g ?- o N z a o + N U N H i XN WSK i Q Q 0 O X w z 0 J Z Q U3 ea / w i it r oo*ee \ t m I L "••.aoi *41. hF wY?"F`2 x v) z O Z 0? MFQ- J ?O ?uLL?l1 L1J ?a ?> O 7 Cs i OD '?` ? N ,l. / y r ,'t? Nye i1 i , j I .1 ugJ1 9 \ sr z t FS i i+ I•. lY ?a 5 I ?r 0 W?O O °z w ?<o 00 3 t a ; o in Fyy W20n , W <'}o >N Q JU Kz y n Omu, JOVLL z<WWN 1 H N n I CFl 9000 r•.•000.0_•00.0•_•0i•0000000000000000000•000 APPENDIX B 2008 Profile and Cross Section Data O OQ N O IH H i.r r?N r I I I ? OI I! M ? ?4 N t 1 I ? S M 1 t? 1 M N 1? ?N l 1 « O 0 00 kn 0 0 M V'1 0 0 w U Q U 00 U M 0 0 M « N O O M M O O 00 W) ?n v vMi vN in Otn It t ?t (11) UOIJUA21g L Cd i+ Q N L, L O 40. ? L O O C ? C O . +" L v' O L = CC 0 c c c d1 bA O O 4 C O .a RS DA C_ O O r.? v w C O a+ V 0 v y R 0 a, 00 o c o` v. (g) uoUUA01a O M a ?n > rv a O .L rv 3 a i1 h y m v O Q Z c p 0 0 tr, s o rn m L CC r N O w CC O o b1° O C H O ? o C? C C Q C t? C1 ,yCD Fir CC ?A O 0 0 C G? Qa w C? C? C O O O O p. N O O Qj y L U ti 0 L R 0 0, co r o a, rn ? (13) UOI)BAOI'q 0 v 0 v m m r, 7 m v 0 `m r N ,b 3 o ? 0 ro y W w x c ? ro 0 0 L C? ? Q N C y' p w ?+ L ? O °1D a a h L L ? ? o Ci Ci C c? CO bD CQ ?A c O O n.a x C G? C? w .a CC C O O ra W C 0 'C u 0 L U c 0 L O Oa, o. o, (g) uogEnalg 0 v ?I v o II I? M I a 3 v z_ M O M ?p w N b ?" m 3 I c 0 O > N ? W O A N L 1 c 0 i 0 0 0 J p Q` \I ? N p c? a1 O ?' CA o }' L ? O CO O CE Ci C Q c m on a y O O r? O 0 QI 7 C O O V C 0 L CO O M O I M V N M N v ..i I r b >- o N I O Y W n 0.1 Lri RI r? CO O 0o O ? V C? ON (13) uogPAOJA O J p M y: ? Fy?Tr,~t ?i wl A ?r C? W b+ CC 0 ?T C Oa w ..a e? CD C O O .a d W v; a 0 r 0 L U 0 L oc r ? ? a rn ? rn (1j) UOIJBAOjZj 0 v M N O I V M N } o z 3 G 0 w x C N Q c O o a` 0 0 w II o v a m C? N C L O Cp. C? C 6> a °10 o .5 h L O t? C C Q fi MM? WI °A Ld R CA C O O .1 C CQ Qa w r? G? bD C O O O O 4 C O C? 0 U C a0+ i'. CQ r 10 n c rn a a rn (Jj) U01J2A2J?j 0 M O M N w 3 0 0 0 M a A N I V 7^ M ro 0 W w x c C] m L C? N O '+O, ? O a ti° o +r L `n O ? c 0 .J. C C Q C M? W W G? CA C O C C? CC w a GC GA C O O ..a d w CC r C O V 0 U c 0 L C? G N O O? W O O O T O? U (g) UOIIena[g 0 v M Y } O I R c0 N } M N } w O L .b 3 h 0 R } 0 ro w ro Q] Q c 0 d 0 O m rX .. ti M? W F? V O C c? 0:1 c? tC 7A a 0 0 .a O O 0. 00 O U U 0 L U c 0 h L Cd N O O O O O O+ (g) uoIlenajA Cl v M M V1 N N I } V ro N } r O 3 M r N 0 ro o v W w x c m s O P` `ei^- ll'. ' ?L Y 'io n 0 It M R N } I 7 O ?a M ? C 0.. 3 '^ v z N M N w ^ O .L y i 3 0 ry v? ^ m m L O N G 0 d w v? ? O 0 0 0 0 (13) uoilenal9 MRI W W C? bD C O Ol ICI a C1 GD C O O ra Q) _W C C O U U 0 L U L O i i rv 9 ??? >bt' ?aV *.. O ?. %kl UR". l, ij? Mme. C C? OA a ri O O C C? bA C O O .a O a 0 c 0 0 L C y L R 0 c M 0 M ? I I ?I M ° b O Y G o ' o 0 o a ? ? ? (1j) uogen31?1 m MCC Yrl W RS OD C 0 0 .a O r R GD C O O r? v w c 0 i U c 0 r i Oil O a, m O O D, O. (13) UOIJRAalg 0 r M ? N O C M ? 3 z N .c 3 0 N ? o? w c m m Q 0 c 0 a` 0 0 u. J ? m ty ?`;'??? ? aryt r y- 1r ? s x i,f sr n' 7 k w }? S y Y ? r CC Q? s W 0l ICI O a N_ C O u 0 U 0 3.. O °c M N O I I M ? N } M ? R N ? } 3 o } N G 0 u] ?n - Y C A O C? W ?l i+ C? tr 01 O O QOi Obi Q?i phi (Jj) UOIJEAOJ?j 00 M 0 M MM? 1WI I? ri O 0 C CYO w bL C O O U E W M H C O U U Lo? 0 U 0 0 L CC ot ? N I V O M w ?- 3 G O N [xl C Y ro CO m 0 a` 7v °o u, o 0 0 00 C, oOO a (13) UOIJUA319 m APPENDIX C 2008 Gauge Data 0 K Q Q Q L O O N L O m 01 L O w C (b Q W CO) C O R c $ w CD 0 o ;a M 0 O O O O O O O O O O N I` ti O O O O (A p 114: N M M s p CD 0 0 0 0 w _ C oo M d 3 ?M m CD 3 .N ? C C ? 'LO V N d V C Q Lo ? w CD I- (o CD Ln Ln U-) Ln L() M M q Ln "T Ln Ln to Ln 0 Ln Ln Ln (D (D Ln Ln U) 't CD "t Lo Ln ? 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 d m CA O f? 0 0 to (? CA CA CA (A (A O C? W O O O O O C? ? O a7 (3J 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 m M 1 M 1 M I M 1 M 1 CM 1 M 1 M 1 M 1 M I M 1 M 1 M 1 M 1 M I M 1 (M 1 M I M 1 M 1 M I CM M M ('M M M M M (M M M M M M J W 1 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 L d M 3 T q M r-- 00 ? "T Ln U-) O I? 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M N M O Q N N N N M N M M M M M M M (M M M E O O O O CO ao co 00 O OO 0 co 00 00 G E O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 00 O co O 00 O 00 O co O 00 O co O co O co O ? a n n a n a CL 6L CL a? m a? m m m m m m m m a? m a? a? m m m a? a? ? m ? a? ? m Co ? O O O r .- N N M M 4 4 0 0 00 CO ? h ob ob I A O I N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N C %J N N N N M c'M CD APPENDIX D 2008 Site Photos • • • • • • • • • • • • • • VIA JIV, • 14 lei. • 14 • • • • Old beaver dam breached L station 24+50 (Reach 1). 114. PSI -' • a ?' '•'?d' V IVA' Ile . sue, a. • ,? a ":rye, ?? r L .mu. ?? + ' ?S,TF. ate,- ??. , s?. : ?.?': •,?, ?'??+ w??; ??..`* y : sa - Sw? Log vane L station 29+00 (Reach 1), channel is washing under the structure. • • • Sediment/sand entering channel @ station 32+90 (Reach 1) causing potential aggradation in channel. !r:- M ;?r a? .<• ar Vegetation Plot #1 Vegetation Plot #2 Vegetation Plot #3 Vegetation Plot #4 Vegetation Plot #5 Vegetation Plot #6 AiD i? 10, Vegetation Plot #7 d? h •` ;? v`r 41 13- 4. N X., r ? 7j c 1 IWO Ahe[w 5K4??,F • t' tl ?fi y?? 'y vy test 1 Q -4 ?I ?" ??"H1?hg `?V ? ?? v? } M,? d ? r ?y.??,a"tQ a-r ( ? Y!5 ? a+t+' 131q,t ? ?, r:, Vegetation Plot #8