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Home My WebLink AboutNCS000248_2018 renewal_Stormwater Management Program ReportStormwater Management Program Report for the 2018 Permit Renewal Application GREENSBORO Permit No. NCS000248 City of Greensboro, North Carolina August, 2017 This page intentionally left blank to accommodate double sided printing Table of Contents Section 1.0: Storm Sewer System Information........................................................... 1 1.1 Population Served.................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Growth Rate........................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Jurisdictional and MS4 Service Areas.................................................................... 2 1.4 MS4 Conveyance System...................................................................................... 3 1.5 Land Use Composition Estimates...........................................................................4 1.6 Estimate Methodology............................................................................................ 4 1.7 Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Identification................................................... 4 Section 2.0: Receiving Streams................................................................................... 6 Section 3.0: Existing Water Quality Programs........................................................... 8 3.1 Local Program........................................................................................................ 8 3. 1.1 Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring Plan ................................................. 8 3.1.2 Erosion and Sediment Control........................................................................... 11 3.1.3 Water Supply Protection, Nutrient Sensitive Waters, and Review of Local Land UsePlans................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 State Programs..................................................................................................... 11 Section 4.0: Permitting Information........................................................................... 12 4.1 Responsible Party Contact List............................................................................. 12 4.2 Organizational Chart............................................................................................. 12 4.3 Signing Official...................................................................................................... 12 4.4 Duly Authorized Representative........................................................................... 12 Section 5.0: Co -Permitting Information..................................................................... 13 Section 6.0: Reliance on Other Government Entity .................................................. 14 Section 7.0: Stormwater Management Program....................................................... 15 7.1 Public Education and Outreach on Stormwater Impacts ....................................... 15 7.1.1 Public Outreach Program Narrative................................................................... 15 7.1.2 Target Audience................................................................................................ 17 7.1.3 Identifying Target Pollutants and Sources .................................................... 17,18 7.1.4 Evaluation.......................................................................................................... 18 City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page ii of v 7.2. Public Involvement and Participation................................................................... 19 7.2.1 Target Audience................................................................................................ 20 7.2.2 Participation Program Narrative......................................................................... 20 7.2.3 Evaluation..........................................................................................................21 7.3 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination............................................................ 21 7.3.1 Detection and Elimination............................................................................. 23,24 7.3.2 Location Priority Areas....................................................................................... 24 7.3.3 Removing Sources of Illicit Discharges.............................................................. 24 7.3.4 Outreach and Staff Training............................................................................... 24 7.3.5 Evaluation.......................................................................................................... 25 7.4 Construction Site Stormwater Runoff.................................................................. 25 7.4.1 E&SC Plan Review............................................................................................ 25 7.4.2 E&SC Program Implementation and Enforcement ............................................ 26 7.4.3 Construction Site Inspection......................................................................... 26,27 7.4.5 Evaluation..........................................................................................................27 7.5 Post -Construction Stormwater Management for New Development and Redevelopment.......................................................................................................... 27 7.5.1 Local Permit Issuance....................................................................................... 30 7.5.2 Structural and Non -Structural BMP Operation and Maintenance ...................... 31 7.5.3 Critical Area Requirements................................................................................ 31 7.5.4 Open Space Protection...................................................................................... 31 7.5.5 Tree Preservation.............................................................................................. 32 7.5.6 Infill and Redevelopment................................................................................... 33 7.5.7 Economic Development..................................................................................... 33 7.5.8 Street Design, Reduced Parking, Green Infrastructure and Traffic Demand Alternatives................................................................................................................. 33 7.5.9 Green Infrastructure Elements........................................................................... 35 7.5.10 Evaluation........................................................................................................ 36 7.6 Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations .................... 37 7.6.2 Affected Operations........................................................................................... 39 7.6.3 Training......................................................................................................... 39,40 City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page iii of v 7.6.4 Maintenance and Inspections............................................................................41 7.6.5 Vehicular Operations......................................................................................... 41 7.6.6 Waste Disposal.................................................................................................. 41 7.6.7 Evaluation..........................................................................................................41 List of Tables: Table 2.1: Primary Receiving Streams within Greensboro Service Area ...................... 7 Table 3.1: Water Quality Monitoring Parameters....................................................... 8,9 Table 3-2: Description of City of Greensboro Water Quality Monitoring Sites .............. 9 Table 7.1-1: Public Education and Outreach Program — BMP Summary ............. 15-17 Table 7.2: Public Involvement and Participation — BMP Summary ........................ 19,20 Table 7.3: Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination — BMP Summary ...............21-23 Table 7.4: Construction Site Stormwater Runoff — BMP Summary ............................. 25 Table 7.5: Post Construction Stormwater Management for New Development and Redevelopment —BMP Summary.......................................................................... 28-30 Table 7.5-1: Minimum Open Space Requirements..................................................... 32 Table 7.5-2 Watershed Critical Area Open Space Requirements ............................... 32 Table 7.6-1 Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping Program — BMP Summary 37,38 Table 7.6.2-1 City of Greensboro Targeted Departments ........................................... 39 Table 7.6.2-2 City Facilities with NPDES Permits....................................................... 39 List of Figures: Figure 1-1: City of Greensboro Growth Rate................................................................ 1 Figure 1-2: City of Greensboro Jurisdictional Boundaries and Watersheds ................. 2 Figure 1-3: Percentage of Land Uses for Greensboro .................................................. 4 Figure 1-4: City of Greensboro Land Uses................................................................... 5 Figure 3-1: Location Map for Water Quality Monitoring Sites ..................................... 10 Figure 7.6-1: Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping Program Departmental Participation................................................................................................................ 40 City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page iv of v Appendices: Appendix A: Water Resources Departmental Organizational Chart ........................... 44 Appendix B: Stormwater Management Division of Water Resources Organizational Chart........................................................................................................................... 45 City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page v of v Section 1.0: Storm Sewer System Information 1.1 Population Served This Stormwater Management Program (SWMP) Report covers the jurisdictional area of Greensboro, North Carolina. With a population of 287,027 in 2016, Greensboro is the 3rd most populous City in North Carolina and the 68th in the United States. Greensboro added approximately 17,000 residents (or on average 8 people a day) since 2010. 1.2 Growth Rate Greensboro experienced the slowest growth rate for the decade: 20.4 percent compared to 46.3 percent in Raleigh and 35.4 percent in Charlotte. Growth during the decade was reasonably balanced between annexation (55 percent) and urban growth (45 percent); however, the City has become less dense as its borders have expanded (2,138 persons per square mile versus 2,044 in 2010). Figure 1-1 shows the population growth in Greensboro since the 1960's (US CENSUS BUREAU). Figure 1-1: City of Greensboro Growth Rate GREENSBORO, 1 °x'60- , 31]0,000 250.000 2170.000 150,000 d 100.0co 50,000 Source: LK,- ENSU' B- Fr -.s1 t Population 0 0 Clltulge 1-1.-60 9-0 1990 1990. 2000 2010 City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 1 of 45 1.3 Jurisdictional and MS4 Service Areas The jurisdictional boundary and municipal separate storm sewer (MS4) service area for the Greensboro is 131.94 square miles, which represents an expansion of approximately 60% since the initial National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) MS4 permit application in 1992-93. The locations of the City's jurisdiction and watershed areas are provided in Figure 1-2. Figure 1-2: City of Greensboro Jurisdictional Boundaries and Watersheds City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 2 of 45 1.4 MS4 Conveyance System: The City of Greensboro stormwater conveyance systems is infrastructure that conveys stormwater runoff from point source (inlet point) to the point of discharge (streams and ponds). Types of infrastructure include: combination inlet, curb inlet, grate inlet, manhole, pipe inlet/outlet, spillway, yard inlet, bridge, channel, culvert barrels, pipes, swale, and water body. The City stormwater conveyance systems are classified by open or closed conveyance systems. Open systems include: side ditches, tail ditches, swales, ponds, and streams. The total length is about 532.6 miles. Closed systems include: pipes, manholes, curb inlets, grate inlets, combo inlets, yard inlets and outfalls. The total number of structures is 153,685. The total length of the closed system is 1,213.9 miles. The City maintains all municipally owned MS4 stormwater conveyance systems. Routine Maintenance: • All drainage structures within the right of way of all City streets and private structures that receive public runoff are maintained by City. • All ditches are maintained for proper conveyance of stormwater runoff and not for other functions such as aesthetics. • Litter pickup is performed along City streets to reduce litter from getting into streams. • Curb/combo inlets and manholes are vacuumed periodically to reduce blockages. Proactive Maintenance: • The proactive maintenance program is used to track and maintain structures that need repair. • Debris removal is performed as needed to reduce blockages and potential flooding. • Areas prone to flooding are identified and mapped in geographical information system (GIS) and are routinely inspected/checked for blockages and cleaned as needed. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 3 of 45 1.5 Land Use Composition Estimates The percentage of the MS4 service areas under residential, commercial, industrial, and open space land use is provided in Figure 1-3. Additionally, Figure 1-4 provides a map of these land use areas within the jurisdictional boundaries of the City of Greensboro. Figure 1-3: Percentage of Land Uses for Greensboro. Percentage of Land Uses for Greensboro ■ Residential ■ Commercial Industrial ■ Open Space 1.6 Estimate Methodology Land use estimates were obtained from the City's zoning information and were tabulated by the Water Resources Department's GIS section. 1.7 Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Identification The City of Greensboro has an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) approved TMDL for Fecal Coliform bacteria for North Buffalo Creek. In accordance with the City's NPDES permit, the City's TMDL Watershed plan addresses the MS4's NPDES Waste Load Allocation (WLA) identified in the approved TMDL to the maximum extent practicable and to the extent authorized by law. Resolute efforts are being made to determine the most efficient best management practices that address the MS4 NPDES regulated Waste Load Allocation identified in the TMDL. Current efforts are continually re-evaluated and adapted as needed. More importantly, new ideas are continuously shared and assessed, with the ultimate goal of improving and preserving water quality. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 4 of 45 Figure 1-4: City of Greensboro Land Uses City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 5 of 45 Section 2.0: Receiving Streams Greensboro is located near the headwaters of the Cape Fear River Basin in the piedmont physiographic region of North Carolina, with a majority of the City's jurisdictional watersheds draining eastward towards the Haw River, while a smaller portion of the City area drains south towards the Deep River. The North and South Buffalo Creek Watersheds drain the majority of the City's central urbanized area eastward towards Buffalo Creek. Beyond the eastern City limits, Buffalo Creek drains generally northeastward into the Reedy Fork Creek and the Haw River, a tributary of the Jordan Lake watershed. Table 2-1 shows a listing of the primary streams located within the City of Greensboro MS4 service area. Water quality classifications of receiving streams are provided, along with their use support ratings and key water quality challenges. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 6 of 45 Table 2-1: Primary Receiving Streams within Greensboro Service Area (Upper Cape Fear River Basin) Receiving Stream Water Quality Use Support Water Quality Issues 303(d) List Stream Name Segment Classification* Rating Impaired biological yes Reedy Fork Within WS-III;NSW, Impaired integrity, Chlorophyll a, Creek corporate limits WS-III;NSW CA Turbidity Brush Creek Within WS-III;NSW Impaired Impaired biological Yes corporate limits integrity, Chlorophyll a Horsepen Within WS-III;NSW, Impaired biological Yes Creek corporate limits WS-III;NSW CA Impaired integrity Fecal coliform, Yes North Buffalo Within Impaired biological Creek corporate limits WS-V;NSW Impaired integrity, Zinc, Cooper, NO2+NO3-N South Buffalo Within Turbidity, Impaired Yes Creek corporate limits WS-V;NSW Impaired biological integrity, Zinc Yes East Fork Within WS -IV, WS- Impaired biological Deep River corporate limits IV;CA Impaired integrity, Turbidity, Fecal coliform * Water Quality Classifications: NSW = Nutrient Sensitive Waters WS = Water Supply classification (degree of protective measures) C = Class C waters — general use category (maintain aquatic life and biological integrity, wildlife, secondary recreation, etc.) CA = Critical Area ** Use Support Rating (the degree to which the water body supports its designated uses): FS = Fully Supporting PS = Partially Supporting NS = Not Supporting NR = Not Rated City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 7 of 45 Section 3.0: Existinq Water Quality Programs 3.1 Local Program This section will cover the existing water quality programs that are implemented by the City of Greensboro throughout its jurisdictional service area. Programs to be covered include; the Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring plan, delegated Erosion and Sediment Control, Water Supply Watershed Protection, Nutrient Sensitive Waters (NSW), and review of local land use plans. 3. 1.1 Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring Plan The Water Quality Section within the City's Stormwater Management Division is responsible for water quality and stormwater monitoring as required by the City of Greensboro's NPDES Stormwater Permit. A portion of these responsibilities was the design and implementation of a Water Quality Assessment and Monitoring Plan (WQ Plan), which was submitted to the NCDEQ in June of 2008. The purpose of the WQ plan is to monitor and assess the quality of streams within the City of Greensboro. This is accomplished by directly accessing the stream to conduct specified monitoring within the stream channel at a point representative of the overall stream flow, which in most cases is the center channel of the stream. Samples collected are a fixed interval grab sample taken on a quarterly basis at each monitoring location. A specific day of each calendar quarter (specifically, the 31d Wednesday of the first month of each calendar quarter) has been assigned which allows for the capture of samples over a range of different flow regimes (i.e. wet and dry weather conditions). Water quality parameters collected are included in the table 3-1. Table 3-1: Water Quality Monitoring Parameters Parameter Sample Type Frequency Alkalinity Grab Quarterly Hardness Grab Quarterly BOD Grab Quarterly COD Grab Quarterly Fecal Coliform Grab Quarter) Total Phosphorus Grab Quarter) Nitrite + Nitrate Grab Quarter) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Grab Quarter) Ammonia Nitrogen Grab Quarter) Total Dissolved Solids Grab Quarter) Total Suspended Solids Grab Quarterly City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 8 of 45 Table 3-1 Continued Turbidity Grab Quarter) Copper Grab Quarter) Zinc Grab Quarterly Cadmium Grab Quarter) Lead Grab Quarterly Dissolved Oxygen Grab Quarter) Temperature Grab Quarter) Conductivity Grab Quarterly pH Grab Quarter) A total of six monitoring sites are utilized under the WQ plan to monitor and assess water quality conditions and were strategically placed within each major watershed in the City. In the North and South Buffalo Creek Watersheds, sites are located at both the upstream and downstream most accessible point within the watershed. Table 3-2 contains a complete list, description, and location of the six monitoring sites within the WQ plan. Additionally, Figure 3-1 shows a map of the 6 monitoring sites and there general location within the City. Table 3-2: Description of City of Greensboro Water Quality Monitoring Sites Site Name Stream Location Merritt South Buffalo Creek, Upstream of Merritt Drive bridge over Upper South Buffalo Creek McConnell South Buffalo Creek, Downstream of McConnell Road bridge Lower over South Buffalo Creek Aycock North Buffalo Creek, Downstream of Aycock Street bridge over Upper North Buffalo Creek Rankin Mill North Buffalo Creek, Downstream of Rankin Mill Road bridge Lower over North Buffalo Creek Battleground Horsepen Creek Downstream of Battleground Avenue over Horsepen Creek Bunch Reedy Fork Creek Upstream of Bunch Road bridge over Reedy Fork Creek City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 9 of 45 Figure 3-1: Shows a map and location of the 6 monitoring sites within the monitoring plan Figure 3-1: �ceeK Greensboro Water QualityW n c � 8 t 0 � Bunch a legrau IF i��-� �,I } vy ) ' Ran in Mill V ev Ai COCl[ "Meru F'ssa a Monitoring Sites --- Streams o Lakes Major Basins J om North Buffalo South Buffalo Water Supply City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 10 of 45 3.1.2 Erosion and Sediment Control The City of Greensboro has a locally delegated Erosion and Sediment Control (E&SC) Program implemented by the Erosion and Sediment Control Section of the Engineering and Inspections Department. The E&SC Section is responsible for erosion control plan review, grading permits, erosion control inspections, enforcement, and review of permanent stabilization of commercial development. A chief E&SC inspector and a team of one to three field inspectors comprise the section. 3.1.3 Water Supply Protection, Nutrient Sensitive Waters, and Review of Local Land Use Plans The City of Greensboro implements the North Carolina Water Supply Watershed Protection programs for activities within the City's jurisdiction. Greensboro enforces local stormwater management and stream buffer regulations in addition to State approved water -supply watershed protection regulations. Water Supply Watershed Protection programs include the enforcement of stream buffers, density requirements, installation, completion and maintenance of best management practices (BMPs), and other initiatives to manage the quality and quantity of surface water. The Jordan Lake Nutrient Management Strategy (JLNMS) (Rule 15ANCAC 026.0262- .0273) effective August 11, 2009 aims to restore and maintain water quality, protect the lake's classified uses and maintain or enhance protections currently implemented by local governments in existing water -supply watersheds. The City of Greensboro modified the existing Water Supply Watershed and Other Watershed Districts program to comply with the requirements of the JLNMS. As required by the JLNMS, the New Development Program was submitted six months after the N.C. Environmental Management Commission's approval of the NCDEQ Model Ordinance (September 10, 2011). In addition, Greensboro's Land Development Ordinance includes the stream buffer requirements in accordance with JLNMS and Randleman Lake Water Supply Watershed: Nutrient Management Strategy rules and was adopted in December of 2011 by the Greensboro City council. 3.2. State Programs The NCDEQ, Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources out of the Winston- Salem Regional Office administers its Sediment and Erosion Control Program within the City of Greensboro for projects involving federal, state or local funds. Local projects (City owned) are also subject to review and enforcement by N.C. Division of Water Resources for stormwater management and riparian buffer compliance. Additionally, any projects or developments within the City of Greensboro that impacts surface waters or wetlands are subject to the rules of Section 401 of the Clean Water Act, which is administered by Division of Water Resources. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 11 of 45 Section 4.0: Permitting Information 4.1 Responsible Party Contact List The contact information for the position responsible for the overall implementation of the SWMP including the coordination of all program activities is provided below. Name: David Phlegar Position: Water Resources Department — Stormwater Management Division Manager Mailing Address: 2602 South Elm -Eugene Street Greensboro, NC 27406 Telephone: (336) 373-2707 Fax: (336) 373-3119 Email: david.phlegar greensboro-nc.gov 4.2 Organizational Chart Appendix A represents the Water Resources Departmental Organizational Chart, while Appendix B represents the Stormwater Management Division (SWMD) of Water Resources. The manager of the Stormwater Management Division is responsible for ensuring all stormwater management projects and permitting requirements are fulfilled and the goals of the Best Management Practices (BMPs) are met. The staff of the SWMD will coordinate and/or perform the functions necessary to fulfill the Stormwater Permit requirements for the City of Greensboro. 4.3 Signing Official The signing official for this permit application and other subsequent Stormwater Management reports for the City of Greensboro are Water Resources Director, Mr. Steven Drew. The Stormwater Management Division Manager who is responsible for the implementation of Stormwater Permit requirements, reports to Mr. Drew. 4.4 Duly Authorized Representative Mr. Drew and his delegated personnel have been authorized to execute the NPDES Permit application in compliance with the regulations promulgated and adopted by the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 12 of 45 Section 5.0: Co -Permitting Information Section 5.1 Co -Permittees There are no other co -permittees involved with this permit as it is issued solely to the City of Greensboro. Section 5.2 Legal Agreements Because there are no co -permittees involved, there are no legally -binding agreements pertaining to the NPDES Permit and the responsibilities thereof. Section 5.3 Responsible Parties The City of Greensboro takes on all of the responsibilities and requirements necessary to fulfill the six program requirements for the NPDES Permit including: 1. Public Education and Outreach on Storm Water Impacts 2. Public Involvement and Participation 3. Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination 4. Construction Site Storm Water Runoff Control 5. Post -Construction Storm Water Management in New Development/Re- Development 6. Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 13 of 45 Section 6.0 Reliance on Other Government Entity 6.1. Name of Entity - Not applicable. 6.2. Measure Implemented - Not applicable. 6.3. Contact Information - Not applicable. 6.4. Legal Agreements - Not applicable. The City of Greensboro will not rely on any other entity to satisfy NPDES Permit obligations. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 14 of 45 7.0 Stormwater Management Program 7.1 Public Education and Outreach on Stormwater Impacts 7.1.1 Public Outreach Program Narrative Outreach mechanisms are described in the BMP summary table below. Over the permit period, Greensboro expects to reach the majority of the 287,000 individuals in its MS4 service area, as well as individuals in surrounding service areas. Everyone who receives a water/sewer bill will occasionally receive stormwater education messages in the City's citizen newsletter, for example, the "At Your Service" newsletter. Individuals are also periodically exposed to various stormwater related messages that are shown on our local governmental broadcast station. For those who do not receive a bill or do not read the newsletter, various media campaigns on TV, radio, and newspaper, which are each designed to reach 90% of the citizens of Greensboro, will likely be seen or heard. For citizens who speak Spanish, some materials will be printed in English and Spanish. The City also utilizes a local Spanish radio station and newspaper. Table 7.1-1: Public Education and Outreach Program - BMP Summary Table BMPs for Public Education and Outreach Program BMP Measurable Goals Comments Pollution Distribute brochures through event displays, Ongoing effort by the Prevention billing inserts, volunteer participants, new Stormwater Program. Brochures customer packets at Customer Service counter, informational displays, field representatives and direct mailings to target groups. Various issues addressed include proper disposal of oil and other toxic materials, sediment and erosion control issues, proper application and handling of fertilizers and pesticides, litter prevention, pollution reporting and awareness, etc. for different age groups. Website Maintain the Stormwater Management Ongoing effort by the Website. Contains information about Stormwater Program. pollution prevention, stormwater technology and practices. Provides contacts and forms http://www.greensboro- for pollution reporting and information nc.gov/stormwater requests. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 15 of 45 Table 7.1-1 Continued Stormwater Several videos have been created to educate Ongoing effort by Videos residents and school children about various the Stormwater pollution prevention measures and volunteer Program. Additional opportunities. Videos air periodically on videos may be Greensboro Television Network (GTN) that created as issues appears on the local cable affiliate, while arise. others air on local stations 2, 8, 12, and Spectrum Cable as part of an advertising campaign. Environmental Inspection processes encourage City Ongoing effort by Business partnerships and volunteerism. the Stormwater Partners Program. Media Campaign Advertise on TV, radio, newspaper, Ongoing effort by Greensboro Cable Channel 13, web the Stormwater banners, and in City newsletters to the extent Program. practicable. Helpline Established a helpline for citizens to report Ongoing effort by pollution, address water quality and drainage the Stormwater concerns, as well as volunteer opportunities. Program and City contact center. School and Civic Develop and present educational talks and Ongoing effort by Group activities for schools and civic groups, the Stormwater Presentations including our Enviroscape Model. Program. Targeted Develop flyer /brochures to inform Ongoing effort by Commercial businesses that have a potential of illicit the Stormwater Education discharges or improper disposals to the Program; site visits Initiative stormwater conveyance system. initiated in Mid -2003. Cooperative The City seeks reasonable opportunities to Ongoing effort by Efforts partner with neighboring communities for the Stormwater joint educational programs. Example: Program. "Piedmont Triad Water Quality Partnership (PTWQP)" and also the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Services & Guilford County Soil and Water Conservation District. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 16 of 45 Table 7.1-1 Continued Watershed Road signs have been installed at stream Ongoing effort by the Signs crossings identifying the watershed and Stormwater Program. stream name. 7.1.2 Target Audience Target audiences for stormwater education include: 1. General Public, especially homeowners — applies lawn care products, uses chemicals for home and auto maintenance, makes decisions about drainage issues on their properties and participates in volunteer opportunities. Through a collaborative effort with PTWQP, the City distributed 59 stream buffer kits to homeowners. Each kit contained 4 different common stream bank plant species that will provide many essential benefits. 2. Structural BMP Owners — maintenance issues and education about proper BMP maintenance and responsibilities. 3. Industries — potential of water quality impacts due to improper material handling, improper housekeeping practices and illicit discharges. 4. Commercial landscapers, car washes, concrete companies, painters, drywall installers, masons, carpet cleaners, automotive repair facilities, restaurants, and kennels — potential water quality impacts due to illegal dumping of wastewater into storm drains and improper chemical handling and application. 5. School age children are educated about the importance of protecting water quality through the distribution of elementary school homework folders in our local school system. Our sponsorship ad provided an opportunity for us to reach over 7,600 students and their families. In partnership with Guilford County Soil and Water Conservation District over 1,200 middle and high school students have completed in the NC Area III Envirothon. During the event, students train and complete in areas of soils, aquatics, wildlife, forestry, and current environmental issues. 7.1.3 Identifying Target Pollutants and Sources Target pollution sources for stormwater education include: 1. Illicit Connections — The discharge of non-stormwater into the stormwater conveyance system can result in biological mortality in receiving streams due to discharges. 2. Improper Disposal — The discharge of used motor oil, oil & grease, organic materials (grass and leaves), and various other pollutants into storm drains can City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 17 of 45 be a problem on construction sites, commercial and residential areas, etc. 3. Water Quality Monitoring — Routine water quality monitoring data will be evaluated to identify target pollutants which impact water quality. 4. Pet Waste — Greensboro has developed a TMDL for fecal coliform and as a management measure, will generate educational literature targeting pet owners on the need to pick up after their pet in order to protect water quality. Additionally, a number of public parks and homeowner's associations are installing pet waste bag dispensers which should encourage proper disposal of pet waste. Educational material is placed at the local animal shelter to encourage new pet owners to properly dispose of pet waste. 5. Lawns and Gardens — Lawn care chemicals may enter storm drains due to improper application. Yard waste may also be improperly placed into storm drains. These can create blockages in the stormwater conveyance system and cause decreased dissolved oxygen in streams. 6. Auto Repair Shops — Many auto repair shops have interior drains that have the potential to be illicit connections (such as older buildings or sites that were previously a different business type). As these locations are identified and dye - testing is conducted, owners and staff are made aware of proper house -keeping practices, including awareness of interior drains and their resulting destinations (i.e., either storm or sanitary sewers). 7. Mobile Auto Washers — car washing activities can generate potentially harmful wash water. An educational and inspection program targeting mobile auto washers on containment, collection, and disposal of wash water has been developed. 8. Restaurants — Many restaurants have Good Housekeeping issues related to disposal of cooking oil, process wastewater generated by cleaning activities, and outdoor storage areas such as trash dumpsters and grease containers that can adversely impact water quality. An educational and inspection program targeting restaurants has been developed and implemented during this reporting period. 7.1.4 Evaluation The measurable goals for each BMP are described in Table 7.1. Other measures of success for the public education program will include: the number of citizen requests for services, number of water quality presentations conducted, number of website inquiries, and the reach and frequency data from the multifaceted public outreach campaigns. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 18 of 45 7.2. Public Involvement and Participation Table 7-2: Public Involvement and Participation - BMP Summary Table BMPs for Public Involvement and Participation Program BMP Measurable Goals Comments Adopt -a -Stream Developed an Adopt -a -Stream Program. Ongoing effort by the Volunteers must pick up trash from their Stormwater Program. adopted segment of stream twice per year. Drain Marker Developed a Drain Marker Program. Ongoing effort by the Program Volunteers have attached signs to Stormwater Program. Greensboro's storm drains. Adopt -a -Street Developed an Adopt -a -Street Program. Ongoing effort administered Volunteers must pick up trash from their by the City's Field adopted segment four times per year. Operations Department. Stormwater Board established to help guide Stormwater Stormwater Advisory Board Advisory Board program on important community issues. reconvenes as needed to address community issues. Annual Clean- Promote the Great American Clean-up and Ongoing effort by the City's up Events the NC Big Sweep. Parks and Recreation Department. Poster Contest Water quality and conservation poster Ongoing effort administered contest available for elementary students in by the North Carolina the Guilford County School System. Cooperative Extension Service and Stormwater Program. Neighbor Developed a Neighbor Woods Program, Ongoing effort administered Woods which encourages community wide tree by the City's Planning Program planting and revegetation efforts. Department. Educational Power of Wetlands (POW), Wonders of Ongoing effort administered Workshops Wetlands (WOW) and Project Water by the Greensboro Public Education for Teachers (WET) workshops Library, Guilford County Soil offered as a resource for educators. and Water Conservation District, and the Parks and Recreation Department. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 19 of 45 Table 7.2 Continued Helpline Established a helpline for citizens to report pollution, address water quality and drainage concerns, as well as volunteer opportunities. Ongoing effort by the Stormwater Program and City Contact Center. Household Promote proper disposal of harmful Ongoing effort by the City's Hazardous chemicals through the Household Hazardous Field Operations Waste Waste Collection Center. Department. Collection Fats, Oils, and Program designed to prevent the excessive Ongoing effort by the Grease introduction of oil, grease, and fats into the Stormwater Program and the Inspection sanitary sewer system and the wastewater Industrial Pretreatment Program collection system, which helps prevent Division. sanitary sewer over flows. 7.2.1 Target Audience Target audiences for the public involvement program include representative age, ethnic, and economic groups in Greensboro, from individuals to businesses. Members from environmental groups, universities, developers, and industry are encouraged to serve on Stormwater's Advisory Board. For local citizens who speak Spanish, some materials to promote volunteer programs are printed in both English and Spanish. A local Spanish radio station and newspaper will also be used for advertising on select campaigns. 7.2.2 Participation Program Narrative The public is involved in the City's Stormwater Management Program. The following are ongoing programs that are well established in the community. • Public Hearings Public hearings are held to address key programs, such as stream corridor concerns in the community including restoration projects. Additionally, City council meetings serve as public hearing opportunities. • Working with Citizen Volunteers Willing to Educate Others About the Program As part of the drain marker program, for example, volunteers hang an information piece on the mailboxes of neighborhood residents where drain markers are installed. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 20 of 45 • Volunteer Monitoring or Stream Clean-up Activities As part of our Adopt -a -Stream Program, volunteers are asked to note stream conditions on their reporting form. The volunteers are required to clean the stream twice per year. Many also participate in the NC Big Sweep, along with many others who have not formally adopted a stream. • Flood Advisory Committee As part of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Community Rating System (CRS), communities are challenged with reducing the impact of flooding on private and public structures. The flood advisory committee was formed through a partnership with Guilford County Planning Department to communicate important messages. Topics covered include discussions about flood hazards, flood safety, flood insurance and vital ways to protect property, and natural floodplain benefits. 7.2.3 Evaluation The measurable goals for each BMP are described in Table 7.2. Other measures of success for the public education program will include: citizen requests for services, number of volunteers participating in Adopt -a -Stream, Drain Markers, Adopt -a -Street programs, number of participants in poster contest, and educational workshops. 7.3 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination The City of Greensboro maintains a program to identify and eliminate illicit discharges and improper disposals from its MS4 service area. Table 7-3: Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination - BMP Summary Table BMPs for Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE) Program BMP Measurable Goals Comments Implementation and Enforce current Stormwater Management Ongoing program by enforcement of Ordinance (Chapter 30 of the Greensboro the Water Quality Stormwater Code) requirements pertaining to the illicit Section; Management discharge and improper disposal of Ordinance pollutants and waste. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 21 of 45 Table 7.3 Continued Stream water quality Conduct routine chemical and physical Ongoing program by monitoring water quality sampling of major streams. the Water Quality Analyze data, detect potential illicit Section discharges, and prioritize locations for follow-up investigation. Response and Maintain dedicated helpline and field calls Ongoing program by investigation of citizens' related to pollution concerns and the Water Quality concerns environmental questions from citizens. Section; Public Provide staff response to pollution Education and concerns. Awareness Section; City Contact Center Develop and maintain Create map and inventory procedures for Ongoing program by storm sewer system the collection of major outfalls that the Stormwater inventory base map of discharge to waters of the State. Management Division, major outfalls Field Operations Section Maintain an inventory Maintain an inventory of major outfalls that Inventory complete; of major outfalls that discharges to waters of the State. ongoing collection for discharges to waters of annexations and new the State developments by the Stormwater Management Division. Establish procedures to Establish and maintain procedures to Ongoing program by identify and eliminate identify and report failed septic systems or the Water Quality failed septic systems sanitary sewer overflows to the Section and sanitary sewer appropriate agency (County health overflows. department or local utility department). Maintain Maintain procedures for detecting and Ongoing program by Inspection/detection tracing the sources of illicit discharges to the Water Quality program to detect dry the MS4 and for removing the sources. Section weather flows at MS4 outfalls City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 22 of 45 Table 7.3 Continued Inter -departmental spill Maintain cooperative agreement and Ongoing program by response team improve relationship with spill response the City's Fire & Police team partners. City Fire and Police are as primary responder. primary responders, while Stormwater is a City's Stormwater secondary responder to assist in tracking Division as secondary. spills and assessing environmental damage as a result of environmental emergencies. Commercial/Business Develop and implement education and Ongoing program by education and inspection program to inform local the Water Quality inspection program businesses of stormwater regulations, Section; currently hazards of unlawful discharges, and educating and penalties for violations. inspecting restaurants. During the reporting period, 274 restaurants have been educated and inspected. Education and Continue ongoing programs and develop Ongoing program by outreach programs new programs to inform municipal the Water Quality employees, local businesses, and the Section; Public general public of the hazards associated Education and with illicit discharges and improper Awareness Section disposal of pollutants and waste. 7.3.1 Detection and Elimination Greensboro continues to implement a comprehensive program of stormwater ordinance enforcement, water quality monitoring, education and outreach, spill and citizen complaint response, and formal inspections in order to prevent, detect, address, and eliminate illicit discharges and improper disposals to the storm sewer system and receiving waters. The ongoing detection and elimination program currently includes the following specific tasks: 1. Conducting stream water quality monitoring activity and conducting immediate follow up when the data suggests a water quality issue. 2. Maintaining a helpline for citizen complaint reporting. 3. Providing professional staff response to citizen reports and complaints. 4. Secondary participation in cooperative spill response team with inter- governmental partners. 5. Development of a formal commercial and business education and inspection City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 23 of 45 program. 6. Conducting stormwater investigations at industrial facilities. 7. Completion of field study to investigate potential illicit discharges noted during stormwater inventory program. 7.3.2 Locating Priority Areas To locate priority areas for illicit discharge investigations, Greensboro will continue to rely on a combination of water quality monitoring, inspections, complaints or notifications from citizens, and historical knowledge to locate and verify priority areas. Permanent sampling stations will continue to be located within Greensboro's major watershed sub -basins, and field and laboratory water quality parameters will be analyzed to detect potential illicit discharges and prioritize locations for follow-up investigation. Based on historical water quality data collected through water quality monitoring programs, Greensboro has developed parameter -specific "Watch" and "Action" levels (in combination with State Water Quality Standards), which allow staff to identify problem pollutants and locate priority areas for follow-up investigations. This is a current and ongoing effort. 7.3.3 Removing Sources of Illicit Discharges Greensboro's Land Development Ordinance (Chapter 30) specifically prohibits the illicit discharge or improper disposal of pollutants and waste to Greensboro's stormwater conveyance system and subsequent receiving surface waters. This ordinance authorizes City staff to utilize enforcement action, when necessary, to stop an illicit discharge, remove the source, and require cleanup of the impacted area. According to Stormwater's Administrative Procedures for Completing an Enforcement Action, the source of an illicit discharge may be removed through a series of educational efforts, written Notices of Violations (NOV), or progressing to civil penalty, if necessary . Once the source and responsible party of an illicit discharge or improper disposal is identified, an appropriate educational letter or NOV is mailed. Discontinuation of the discharge is required by the NOV, and the responsible party is required to reply in writing to Stormwater staff detailing efforts taken to discontinue the unlawful activity and prevent the activity from occurring in the future. Staff then conducts a follow-up investigation to ensure compliance. 7.3.4 Outreach and Staff Training Illicit connections and improper disposal are target pollution sources included in Stormwater's Public Education and Outreach Program, which provides education to the general public, public employees and businesses (refer to Section 7.1). Training City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 24 of 45 municipal staff on the detection and reporting of illicit discharges is handled through the Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping Program (refer to the BMP Summary Table in Section 7.6.1). 7.3.5 Evaluation The measurable goals for each BMP are described in Table 7.3. The effectiveness of BMPs and programs are evaluated by summarizing the number of illicit connections removed, improper disposals identified and eliminated, as well as the number of people educated on the Stormwater ordinances. 7.4 Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Control The City of Greensboro has a locally delegated Erosion and Sediment Control (E&SC) Program implemented by the Erosion and Sediment Control Section of the Water Resources Department. The E&SC Section is responsible for erosion control plan review, grading permits, erosion control inspections, enforcement, and review of permanent stabilization of commercial development. A chief E&SC inspector and one field inspector comprise the section. Table 7-4: Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Control - BMP Summary Table BMPs for Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Control BMP Measurable Goals Comments Plan Review, Enforce Ongoing program Water Resources Dept., current E&SC ordinances. implementation and Stormwater Management enforcement. The locally & Engineering Division delegated program is E&SC regulated by the NCDEQ, Division of Energy, Mineral and Land Resources 7.4.1 E&SC Plan Review In the City of Greensboro, any proposed development resulting in land disturbance of equal to or greater than one acre requires a grading permit prior to any land disturbance activity. An NPDES Stormwater Discharge Permit for Construction Activities is issued in conjunction with the grading permit for sites one acre or greater. For sites requiring a grading permit, development plans and a grading application are submitted to the E&SC Section, which reviews the plans to ensure that proper erosion and sediment control City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 25 of 45 practices are designed. Once the E&SC Section approves the plan, a grading permit is issued and land disturbance may begin. The City of Greensboro also requires that any development resulting in less than one acre of land disturbance indicate proper erosion and sediment control measures on the site plan. These plans are reviewed and approved by the E&SC Section through the TRC process. Therefore, all sites developed through the City's TRC process are reviewed for compliance with E&SC regulations. 7.4.2 E&SC Program Implementation and Enforcement The City of Greensboro employs a variety of mechanisms to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Control ordinance. First, no site will be issued a grading permit until the plan reviewer is certain that necessary sediment and erosion control measures are adequately detailed on the construction documents. Prior to issuing a grading permit for any site disturbing one acre or more, the City code requires that the owner/contractor post a bond. Prior to issuing a grading permit for any site disturbing one acre or more, City code requires that the owner/contractor post a bond. If a contractor begins land disturbance without the required permits, appropriate City staff will issue a stop work order. Should the field inspector identify deviations from the approved plan during construction, the inspector may provide an inspection report to the owner and contractor indicating required measures and allowable timeframe to bring the site into compliance. If the required items are not addressed within the appropriate time, the inspector may issue a notice of violation (NOV) to the owner. A monetary fine may accompany the NOV. If the required measures are still not addressed as indicated in the NOV, the inspector may issue a stop work order. Additionally, the City of Greensboro reserves the right to deny the issuance of a certificate of occupancy for sites that continue to remain in nonconformance with the erosion and sediment control regulations. 7.4.3 Construction Site Inspections Site inspections to ensure that proper erosion control measures are provided on construction sites are conducted by qualified field inspectors. Each inspector represents a specific area of the City and inspects sites within this area at least once a month. Sites may be inspected more often depending on specific site conditions, the progress of construction, citizen complaints and/or previously identified problems. As site inspections may occur more frequently based on several factors, these same factors apply to the prioritization of site inspections. Specific site conditions, contractor experience, citizen complaints, previous inspections and the progress of construction all impact which site is given priority for inspection on a more frequent basis. During the site inspection, the field inspector ensures that erosion and sediment control measures are implemented according to the approved plan and that no significant offsite City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 26 of 45 sedimentation is occurring. If the inspector recognizes a problem in the field, the inspector may require that additional erosion control measures be installed and maintained in accordance with established enforcement procedures. Field conditions indicating certain technical issues beyond the scope of field inspectors are forwarded to Stormwater Staff for technical assistance and additional guidance. 7.4.5 Evaluation The measurable goals for each BMP are described in Table 7.4. Other measures of success for the delegated E&SC program are to keep the City of Greensboro in compliance with all state and federal laws and keeping sediment out of area streams to the maximum extent practicable. 7.5 Post -Construction Stormwater Management for New Development and Redevelopment The City of Greensboro enforces local stormwater management and riparian buffer regulations in addition to State approved water -supply watershed protection regulations. Throughout the NPDES permit compliance period, the City of Greensboro reviewed existing ordinances, developed and implement revised ordinances to comply with the post - construction stormwater management program with the goal of further minimizing impacts to surface water quality. Ordinance language particular to the Phase II rules, specifically with regard to post -construction runoff, was adopted by City council on April 7, 2009, and became effective June 1, 2009. The Jordan Lake Nutrient Management Strategy (JLNMS) (Rule 15ANCAC 026.0262- .0273) effective August 11, 2009 aims to restore and maintain water quality, protect the lake's classified uses and maintain or enhance protections currently implemented by local governments in existing water -supply watersheds. The City of Greensboro modified the existing Water Supply Watershed and Other Watershed Districts program to comply with the requirements of the JLNMS. As required by the JLNMS, the New Development Program was submitted six months after the N.C. Environmental Management Commission's approval of the NCDEQ Model Ordinance (September 10, 2011). In addition, Greensboro's Land Development Ordinance includes the stream buffer requirements in accordance with JLNMS and Randleman Lake Nutrient Management Strategy (RLNMS) rules and was adopted in December of 2011 by the Greensboro City council. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 27 of 45 Table 7.5: Post Construction Stormwater Management for New Development and Redevelopment - BMP Summary Table BMPs for Post -Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Controls BMP Measurable Goals Comments Post -Construction Developed and adopted by ordinance a The ordinance was adopted by Stormwater Management program to address stormwater runoff from City Council on April 7, 2009 Program new development and redevelopment within and became effective June 1, 24 months of the permit issue date. 2009. Strategies which include Developed strategies that include a City of Greensboro Stormwater BMPs appropriate for the combination of structural and/or non- Management Manual requires MS4 structural SCMs implemented in concurrence any proposed structural SCM with (a) above. Provide a mechanism to be accompanied by an require long-term operation and maintenance operation and maintenance of structural SCMs. Require annual plan concurrent to development inspection reports of permitted structural plan approval. It is also SCMs performed by a qualified professional. required that City inspectors have access to perform required inspections. Establish nutrient Develop, adopt, and implement an ordinance The Greensboro Land sensitive waters (NSW) to ensure that the best management Development Ordinance was protection measures (for practices reduce nutrient loading to the reviewed and modified to programs with maximum extent practicable. In areas where ensure structural and non - development or the Environmental Management Commission structural SCMs reduce redevelopment draining has approved a Nutrient Sensitive Water nutrient loading to the to NSW waters) Urban Stormwater Management Program, maximum extent practicable. the provisions of that program fulfill the nutrient loading reduction requirement. Deed Restrictions and Impose or require recorded deed restrictions, Current City of Greensboro Protective Covenants plats, and/or protective covenants that Land Development Ordinance ensure development activities will maintain requires a maintenance note the project consistent with approved plans. be placed on final plats stating the maintenance responsibilities, consistent with approved plans, for the project SCM. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 28 of 45 Table 7.5 Continued Establish a program Coordinate with County health department to Stormwater Division under the Post- control the known sources of fecal coliform coordinates with Guilford Construction minimum from septic systems to the maximum extent County Health Department to measure to control the practicable. control the known sources of sources of fecal coliform fecal coliform from septic to the maximum extent systems within the City's practicable. jurisdictional limits to the maximum extent practicable. Additionally, the City's Water Resources Department funds and performs an ongoing sewer rehabilitation program to minimize and eliminate cross connections between the storm and sanitary sewer systems. Operation and Require an operation and maintenance plan City of Greensboro Stormwater Maintenance Plan that ensures the adequate long-term Division's development plan operation of the structural BMPs required by review process requires a the program. The operation and maintenance stormwater management plan plan may require the owner of each structural and separate SCM operation BMP to submit a maintenance inspection and maintenance plan report on each structural BMP annually to the (consistent with the provisions local program, or the maintenance outlined in the State inspections may be conducted annually by Stormwater Design Manual) be the Permittee. submitted prior to receiving development plan approval. Currently, the City of Greensboro Stormwater Division conducts annual maintenance inspections on SCMs within the City's jurisdiction. Educational materials and Provide educational materials and training for Stormwater Division's Planning training for developers developers. New materials may be and Engineering Section notify developed by the permittee, or the permittee developers and engineers of may use materials adopted from other ordinance changes via direct e - programs and adapted to the permittees new mail, face-to-face meetings development and redevelopment program. upon request regarding proposed site projects, Triad Real Estate and Building City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 29 of 45 Table 7.5 Continued 7.5.1 Local Permit Issuance Currently group, site and subdivision plans within Greensboro's jurisdiction are reviewed by the City's Technical Review Committee (TRC) for compliance with applicable development regulations. TRC is an interdepartmental team charged with enforcing development standards as they relate to watershed protection, stormwater management, water -supply, water reclamation, zoning, transportation, parks and recreation, tree preservation, etc. Approval by members of TRC is a prerequisite to the issuance of a grading permit or building permit. The City has reviewed and modified the Greensboro Land Development Ordinance (LDO) in order to ensure that plans meet post -construction stormwater management requirements as defined by 15A NCAC 2H rule. The final 15A NCAC 2H rules define low and high density development thresholds and as such these thresholds and any associated permanent structural control and riparian buffer requirements will be applied to applicable new development or re- development within the City's jurisdictional area. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 30 of 45 Industry Coalition, televised City council meetings, providing opportunity for public comment, as well as posting the changes on the City website. Setbacks for Built -upon Require built -upon areas to be located at The Greensboro Land Areas least 50 feet landward of all perennial and Development Ordinance was intermittent surface waters except as reviewed and modified to provided for in the Permittees Post- require a 50 foot stream buffer Construction Stormwater Ordinance. For in accordance with NPDES purposes of this section, a surface water phase II requirements. shall be present if the feature is shown on In addition, the City of either the most recent printed version of the Greensboro has updated the soil survey map prepared by the Natural riparian buffer requirements Resources Conservation Service of the according to the Jordan and United States Department of Agriculture or Randleman Lake Rules. The "Table the most recent version of the 1:24,000 scale of Activities and (7.5 minute) quadrangle topographic maps Structures in Stream Buffers prepared by the United States Geologic (Zone 1 & Zone 2)" located in Survey (USGS). Relief from this requirement Chapter 30 of the Greensboro may be allowed when surface waters are not Land Development Ordinance present in accordance with the provisions of determines the allowable uses within the 50' riparian buffer. 15A NCAC 02B.0233(3) (a). 7.5.1 Local Permit Issuance Currently group, site and subdivision plans within Greensboro's jurisdiction are reviewed by the City's Technical Review Committee (TRC) for compliance with applicable development regulations. TRC is an interdepartmental team charged with enforcing development standards as they relate to watershed protection, stormwater management, water -supply, water reclamation, zoning, transportation, parks and recreation, tree preservation, etc. Approval by members of TRC is a prerequisite to the issuance of a grading permit or building permit. The City has reviewed and modified the Greensboro Land Development Ordinance (LDO) in order to ensure that plans meet post -construction stormwater management requirements as defined by 15A NCAC 2H rule. The final 15A NCAC 2H rules define low and high density development thresholds and as such these thresholds and any associated permanent structural control and riparian buffer requirements will be applied to applicable new development or re- development within the City's jurisdictional area. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 30 of 45 The post -construction stormwater requirements were adopted by City council on April 7, 2009 and became effective June 1, 2009. Additionally, the City amended the LDO and adopted JLNMS riparian buffer requirements on November 9, 2010. These rules became effective on December 1, 2010. 7.5.2 Structural and Non -Structural SCM Operation and Maintenance Greensboro mandates that all required structural stormwater control measures (SCMs) be placed in a drainage maintenance and utility easement (DMUE) connected to the public right-of-way by a 20 foot wide access easement. The DMUE and access easement for each SCM must be platted before any certificate of occupancy is issued for the site. TRC -approved development plans for structural SCMs include an operation and maintenance plan (consistent with the provisions outlined in the State stormwater design manual) be submitted prior to receiving development plan approval. Furthermore, notes are recorded on the plat indicating that the City has the right to access the site for SCM inspections and that the owner will maintain the SCM per the approved maintenance plan or as directed by the City. 7.5.3 Critical Area Requirements Grassed swales are encouraged in the Watershed Critical Area (WCA) and in low density developments throughout the City of Greensboro. In the WCA some areas must remain undisturbed such as wetlands, stream buffers, streams that carry 17 cubic feet per second during the 100 -year storm event, and slopes with a greater than 15% grade. Additional WCA requirements stipulate that a portion of any development must remain in an undisturbed state; twenty-five percent of this undisturbed area is to include land that is wooded or reforested. The City of Greensboro also developed additional measures for water quality protection that goes beyond state minimum requirements for water supply protection. 7.5.4 Open Space Protection The LDO encourages that stream buffers remain undisturbed or dedicated to the City for drainage way and open space purposes. Floodplain areas should be dedicated to the City for drainage way and open space if the stream associated with the floodplain area is shown on the open space map. All watercourses that carry a flow of 5 cubic feet per second or more during a 10 -year storm, as calculated in accordance with the City's Storm Drainage Design manual, must provide drainage way treatment. Drainage way and open space must be dedicated by a recorded plat and must be labeled "Dedicated to the City of Greensboro and the public for drainage way and open space purposes." Table 7.5-1 is from the City's LDO and outlines the minimum open space requirements for residential subdivision, cluster developments, townhouses and residential condominiums, and other multi -family residential developments. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 31 of 45 Table 7.5-1: Minimum Open .. Classification Minimum Open Space Requirement Residential PUD* (density=less than 5 units per acre) 20% of site area Residential PUD (density=5 to 17 units per acre) 15% of site area Residential PUD (density=17.01 to 35 units per acre) 10% of site area Residential PUD (density=more than 35 units per acre) 5% of site area Nonresidential components of PUDs 10% of gross floor area Subdivisions in R-7 district (over 5 acres) 850 square feet per dwelling unit Cluster Developments 15% of gross site area Multi -family Developments (gross site area of less than 3 acres) 250 square feet per dwelling unit Multi -family Developments (gross site area of 3 acres or more) 435 square feet per dwelling unit *PUD=Planned Unit Development Additionally, developments within the WCA are required to provide minimum open space percentages as outlined in Table 7.5-2. Table 7.5-2: Watershed Critical Area Open Space Tier Minimum Open Space Requirement Tier 1 90% Tier 2 90% Tier 3 20% Tier 4 20% 7.5.5 Tree Preservation The City of Greensboro has a diverse and abundant cover of trees and vegetation. This vegetation creates aesthetic, environmental, economic and social benefits to the community which contribute to the growth and economic prosperity of the City. In order to protect this valuable resource, the City council adopted the Tree Preservation Ordinance in 2000. The purpose and function of the City's Tree Preservation Ordinance is to: 1) Assure the appearance of Greensboro contributes ecologically and aesthetically to the growth and economic prosperity of the City. 2) Assure the integrity of the urban forest is preserved and maintained during and after the development process. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 32 of 45 3) Provide a flexible, realistic, effective ordinance that is viewed as an asset to the community. For a complete overview of the City's Tree Preservation Ordinance please refer to the Landscaping and Tree Conservation Manual, which is located at the following link: http://www.greensboro-nc.gov/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=8672 7.5.6 Infill and Redevelopment Infill development in higher density urban areas and areas with existing storm sewer infrastructure is endorsed by the City of Greensboro. Developing existing sites such as abandoned shopping centers or underutilized parking lots rather than using undisturbed parcels reduces total impervious area while allowing Greensboro to experience the benefits and opportunities associated with growth. 7.5.7 Economic Development The City of Greensboro is committed to creating economic development opportunities with an emphasis on helping businesses create jobs, grow, and succeed while meeting the requirements of the LDO. The Economic Development and Business Support (EDBS) office is a strategic development effort by the City of Greensboro to further meet the needs of the City's business community. Sites are evaluated by taking into consideration existing and future utilities and impacts to environmental resources. 7.5.8 Street Design, Reduced Parking, Green Infrastructure & Traffic Demand Alternatives As part of the TRC process, street design and other general transportation requirements are reviewed by the City of Greensboro for compliance with applicable development regulations. In an effort to balance the rights and interests of property owners and the needs of the traveling public for safe and efficient streets, the City of Greensboro developed the "Street Design Standards Manual." The standards and policies included in the manual were developed to meet the following objectives: 1. To provide street designs that are consistent with the context of the surrounding environment. 2. To provide street design and construction criteria that accommodate pedestrian, bicycle, and transit activities. 3. To provide street designs that enhance the safety of vehicles and pedestrians. 4. To provide access management to and from streets in a manner consistent with their classification. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 33 of 45 Specifically related to objective one, the City of Greensboro is mindful of impacts that our transportation system, through increased impervious cover, has on the natural resources. The City continues to implement transportation measures to safeguard our community's environmental resources. The City adopted new street design standards that became effective January 1, 2008. The biggest change classified Greensboro's local streets into four categories based on land use. The City now recognizes low density, medium density, high density, and non-residential street designs. Prior to these new standards the City recognized only one classification for a residential street that required a minimum 50 feet right-of-way (ROW) with a 30 feet face to face roadway width. The new City of Greensboro standards allows the flexibility of a 45 feet ROW with a 26 feet face to face roadway on any of the classified residential streets. In addition, Greensboro has begun installing 10 feet lanes more frequently and typically reserves the wider width lanes to the higher classified streets and only when other conditions are present that would warrant the wider width (i.e. bike lanes, on -street parking, designated bus routes, etc). The City LDO requires that any plan submitted to the TRC committee be required to construct a cross access stub either for immediate connection and/or future connection. This requirement reduces the number of requests for driveways to developable properties. Developers are also encouraged to use creative options to avoid impacts to streams and wetlands. In some instances, street connectivity has been waived to avoid impacts to receiving waters. In the WCA, the City of Greensboro ordinance allows the use of ribbon pavement and discourages the use of curb and gutter. Furthermore, the City's driveway manual has restrictions on the number of permitted driveways to properties based on the classification of the roadway and the available frontage. It also prohibits the width of driveways to a maximum of 40 feet. In certain situations, the City of Greensboro may permit up to 100% of parking required for one use to be supplied by the off-street parking spaces provided for another use if it is determined that the various activities will have different peak parking demand periods. In order to approve an alternative compliance parking plan for shared parking, evidence must be provided that there is no substantial conflict in the principal operating hours of the uses for which the sharing of parking is proposed. A request for approval of a shared parking arrangement must be accompanied by such information determined as necessary to evaluate the peak parking demand characteristics or differences in hours and/or days of operation, including, but not limited to, a description of the uses and their operational characteristics, a site plan, and a parking study prepared by a licensed professional traffic engineer or equivalent qualified professional which justifies the reduction in parking requested. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 34 of 45 The City of Greensboro may also permit all or a portion of required off-street parking spaces to be located on a remote and separate lot from the lot on which the principal use is located (subject to specific standards). Moreover, there can be a reduction (up to 10%) in the number of off-street parking spaces in order to allow an existing development to retrofit parking to conform to the landscaping regulations or to allow an existing or new development to preserve trees within or adjacent to a parking lot. If proposed development provides additional facilities to accommodate bicyclists, then up to a 10% reduction in the number of required off-street parking spaces may be authorized. Examples of such accommodations include enclosed bicycle lockers, secure indoor bicycle parking spaces, employee shower facilities and dressing areas for employees. A reduction in parking may not be granted merely for providing required short-term bicycle parking spaces Additionally, the City of Greensboro development ordinance contains several zoning districts (Traditional Neighborhood — TN, Planned Unit Development — PUD, Mixed Use — MU) to actively allow mixed development so that other forms of transportation beside vehicles can be supported. Over the last year the City has also expanded the residential options in the heavier commercial districts which allows for the potential reuse of large surface parking lots from underutilized commercial uses. This also places higher density residential areas in immediate proximity of commercial services, with standards to ensure direct internal pedestrian and vehicular connections. At this time, the City does not have an established Transportation Demand Management program; however there are stipulations within the LDO that allow for parking exemptions and reductions based on how a property is developed. Additionally, the "Sustainability Action Plan", which was adopted by the City council on January 4, 2011, has identified key policies that City of Greensboro can adopt to provide the community with cost-effective alternatives to the automobile. Some options already being implemented include increased routes and longer service hours for the Greensboro Transit Authority system and an overall increase in the number of City roads with bike lanes. 7.5.9 Green Infrastructure Elements The City of Greensboro encourages the use of green roofs, permeable pavement and other green infrastructure elements have been suggested at the plan review stage in order to improve water quality. With density ceilings, well designed and installed permeable pavement may be a common practice in the upcoming years. Underlying soil conditions have posed challenges for the use of permeable pavement in Greensboro; however, local engineers continue to explore unique options to successfully utilize this BMP type. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 35 of 45 The City of Greensboro encourages developers of new projects and re -developments to minimize impervious area from parking lots. Landscaping requirements within the City's jurisdiction can be found on Article 10 of the LDO. Landscaping measures intend to protect and improve environmental functions and conditions by providing ecosystem services such as shade, air purification, oxygen regeneration, filtering of stormwater runoff, and abatement of noise, glare, and heat. Landscaping requirements apply to new buildings constructed, reconstructed or established after June 30, 1992. Landscaping requirements can also apply to the expansion of buildings, parking areas, and/or open uses of land. Although green infrastructure initiatives are cost effective ways to reduce stormwater runoff, at this time, Greensboro does not require their use. Cisterns, rain barrels, permeable pavement, and other green infrastructure practices are encouraged by the City of Greensboro during the TRC Plan Review process. Once proposed, the owner should comply with the requirements of the LDO, State stormwater design manual, and the Stormwater Management Manual. Other measures such as harvesting rainwater for irrigation have been used within the City jurisdiction. For example, some City facilities and county schools have used rainwater for irrigation and other purposes. Other programs such as "payment in lieu" are not available options to meet water quality regulations in the City jurisdiction at this time. The use of offsite water quality devices (BMPs) is encouraged assuming a maintenance agreement between properties is recorded. 7.5. 10 Evaluation The measurable goals for each BMP are described in Table 7.5. Other measures of success for post -construction stormwater management for new development and redevelopment activities include effective enforcement of the Jordan and Randleman lake nutrient management strategy rules and local ordinances (i.e. open space protection, tree preservation, transportation design, etc.). In addition, until such time that green infrastructure is approved and or allowable in lieu of traditional water quality devices by the State stormwater design manual, the City of Greensboro will continue to encourage instead of require their use. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 36 of 45 7.6 Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping Programs are an important factor in the improvement of stormwater runoff quality. The City of Greensboro Water Resources Department (COGWR) works to ensure that pollution prevention and good housekeeping measures are being implemented at other municipal facilities to the maximum extent practicable with the intent of improving stormwater runoff quality discharged into receiving streams by those municipal facilities and their operations. The City of Greensboro will continue to identify different programs with the goal of reducing runoff from municipal operations. Training materials were developed locally by the COGWR and is targeted at the following departments: • Coliseum • Engineering and Inspections • Field Operations • Finance (Equipment Services) • Fire • Parks and Recreation • Police • Transportation • Water Resources Table 7.6.1: Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping Program - BMP Summary BMPs for Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping Program BMP Measurable Goals Comments Street Sweeping Continue ongoing program with Ongoing program: periodic review. Stormwater Management and Field Operations Department Loose Leaf Collection Continue ongoing program with Ongoing program: for Composting periodic review. Stormwater Management and Field Operations Department City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 37 of 45 Table 7.6.1 Continued Erosion and City owned or otherwise public Ongoing program: City Sedimentation Control construction sites are regulated by owned and other NCDEQ, Division of Energy, Mineral publicly funded projects and Land Resources for proper obtain appropriate state erosion and sediment control. permits Staff Training/Site The Stormwater Management Ongoing cooperative Operator Education Division of Water Resources effort by the City's distributes education material for departments training employees on various municipal operations. Site Planning/Pollution Develop and implement pollution Ongoing effort by the Prevention Plan for prevention plans that have been City of Greensboro Municipal Facilities determined to have the potential to impact Water Quality. Site inspection and The City maintains mapping The City's Stormwater evaluation of facilities, programs that consist of all municipal Management Division operations including facilities, as well as any related has identified a list of the MS4 system and structural SCMs. City Stormwater specific city facilities associated structural Management maintains an ongoing and ranked each of SCMs. inspection program to monitor, them according to their document and enforce stormwater potential to pollute. discharges to the MS4 system. Ongoing efforts are in process to complete the related Standard Operating Procedures. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 38 of 45 7.6.2 Affected Operations The City operations that are impacted by the Municipal Pollution Prevention: Good Housekeeping Program is listed in the following table: Table 7.6.2.1: City of Greensboro Targeted Departments Department Operation(s) Coliseum Recycling, outdoor activities, special events, and building maintenance Engineering and Inspections Building maintenance, development services, engineering and construction inspections Field Operations Recycling, yard waste maintenance, loose- leaf collection, street cleaning, snow and ice removal and solid waste disposal Finance (Equipment Services) Fleet maintenance Fire Fueling station, vehicular and equipment maintenance Parks and Recreation Material and pesticide storage Police Fueling station and vehicular maintenance Transportation Equipment maintenance Water Resources Vehicular and equipment maintenance, water and sewer infrastructure maintenance The facilities listed in the following table are municipal operations that have been issued NPDES Stormwater Discharge permits. These facilities have developed Municipal Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping techniques in addition with the education and training material sent out. Table 7.6.2.2: City Facilities with NPDES Permits Municipal Operation Permit Number City of Greensboro White Street Landfill NCG120013 T.Z. Osborne WWTP NCG110005 North Buffalo WWTP NCG110004 Patton Avenue Service Center NCG080799 Greensboro Transit Authority Bus Garage) NCG080893 7.6.3 Training The City's Field Operations Department and the Stormwater Management Division of Water Resources provide educational and technical assistance for City facilities pertaining to pollution prevention plans and/or BMPs for the improvement of overall environmental quality. In addition, the Stormwater Management Division also provides City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 39 of 45 assistance for City facilities pertaining to structural and non-structural stormwater BMPs for the improvement of stormwater quality and/or quantity and BMP design and implementation. Over the past permit cycle the Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping Program educated over 1200 City of Greensboro employees. Education materials such as a poster, 3 -page brochure, and a training DVD were primarily circulated throughout the organization. The training DVD is available for review on the City's intranet site and can be viewed by any employee interested in learning more about municipal pollution prevention and good housekeeping techniques. To ensure compliance, all employees will be required to review the information annually. They will also be responsible for signing the proper documentation, which is also included for compliance purposes and records management. It is important for municipal facilities along with their employees to set a good example for the community to follow. Collectively, it is the responsibility of the entire City of Greensboro to maintain the NPDES City-wide permit and enforce the programs collaboratively. The objective is for all municipal departments that engage in various operations to implement good housekeeping and pollution prevention methods in everyday activities. As seen in the chart below, ten departments were recognized as having a greater potential to contribute pollution to stormwater runoff and education materials were developed that addressed their specific pollution issues. Additionally, the following chart gives the numbers of employees and the corresponding departments that have received training. Figure 7.6-1: Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping Program Departmental Participation City of Greensboro Municipal Pollution Prevention: Good Housekeeping Program Departmental Participation 72 150 ■ Water Resources ■Fire Department Coliseum ■Engineering & Inspections ■Field Operations _.Transportation 1,212 employees trained City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 40 of 45 7.6.4 Maintenance and Inspections The City of Greensboro Stormwater Maintenance Section, within the City's Field Operations Department, maintains open and closed stormwater infrastructure and drainage conveyance systems that carry public runoff within the MS4 service area. This section also performs stream maintenance activities and preventative maintenance on most public stormwater infrastructure. The City's Stormwater Management Division identifies and inspects industrial and related facilities that may discharge stormwater into either the MS4 or receiving streams in Greensboro, and also assists the local industrial community in the development and implementation of appropriate stormwater runoff controls. In addition, the City has an ongoing litter pick-up program to clear trash and other floatables from roadways, which helps keep them out of the storm drainage system and surface waters. 7.6.5 Vehicular Operations The City of Greensboro's vehicular operation centers utilize the City's hazardous waste program to recycle or dispose used oil, antifreeze, batteries, and spare parts and used chemicals. A new salt storage barn was constructed in fall of 2002 as a BMP to prevent salt stormwater runoff from entering receiving streams. 7.6.6 Waste Disposal Waste materials generated from the City of Greensboro's day-to-day activities are managed according to local and state regulations and vendors utilized by Greensboro are audited to ensure environmental compliance. With the ongoing public education and awareness programs, the City will continue to facilitate staff meetings to inform staff of all new and related regulations/programs corresponding with the Municipal Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping Program. Examples of the Waste Disposal Programs include: • Hazardous Waste Program • Solid Waste Recycling • Lead Disposal Program • Oil Disposal Program • Universal Waste Program • Water Treatment Chemicals Disposal Program 7.6.7 Evaluation The measurable goals for each BMP are described in Table 7.6.1. The success and effectiveness of the Municipal Pollution Prevention: Good Housekeeping Program is evident by the abundant amount of pollution reports received by municipal employees, City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 41 of 45 the number of times the video has been watched via the City's intranet, the number of website inquiries, and the consistent uses of employee training materials such as the brochure, DVD and poster. The program will continue to improve as the inter- departmental communication becomes more standardized. City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 42 of 45 Appendices City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 43 of 45 Appendix A: Water Resources Department Organizational Chart Dir Water Resources Steven D Drew City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 44 of 45 Mgr Sr Water Resources Mgr Sr Water Resources Michael M Borchers Kristine W Williams Mgr Water Supply Mgr Water Reclamation Mgr Wtr Resources Cust SvtsMgr Stnrmwtr Dell L Harney Elijah L Williams 111 Jeffrey S Kimel David J Phlegar Mgr Wtr Res Oper & Admin Admin Departmental Safety Mgr Wtr Resources Engrng Mgr Business Center Adam L Conn John T Goodman Claudia V Spillman Kimberly J Sowell City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 44 of 45 Appendix B: Water Resources Stormwater Organizational Chart Manager Stormwater David J Phlegar Supv Stormwater Ops Officer Code Enforcemen# Coord Stormwtr Monitoring Specialist Stormwater Billing Justin T Gray Ignatius O Chukwu Peter W Schneider Tonl B Branson Coord Stormwtr Field Svcs Marina Rincon Bermudez Coord Stormwtr Field Svcs Cass A Heaton Stormwater Ops Intern Inspector Soil Erosion Connie M Isley Analyst Water Quality Deborah G Shoffner Tech Stormwtr Monitoring Sherri F Scalcione Tech Stormwtr Monitoring Zachary C MacKenzie Tech Stormwtr Monitoring Ian M Dunn Tech Stormwtr Monitoring McKenzie K Smith Stormwater Monitoring Intern City of Greensboro, Stormwater Management Program Report August 31, 2017 For Permit No. NCS000248 Application Renewal Page 45 of 45