20021681 Ver 1_Year 3 Monitoring Report_20080414

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Vou*
Freedom Park (Little Sugar Creek)
Final Monitoring Report
Year 3 of 5 (2007)
Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
Prepared for:
r=J
MO,
NCDENR-Ecosystem Enhancement Program
1652 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1652
February 2008
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was
USGS HUC: 03050103
Project ID No. 141
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Executive Summary
The Freedom Park Stream Restoration project falls within USGS hydrologic unit 03050103. The
project stream lies within an urban setting of the City of Charlotte that is comprised of
predominantly residential and commercial uses. Prior to restoration work, the project stream
(Little Sugar Creek) had been destabilized through historic channelization and dredging. Also,
prior to restoration work, the channel consisted of a concrete lining.
HDR Engineering designed the restoration plans and restoration was completed in 2003.
Kimley-Horn and Associates (KHA) performed stream and riparian monitoring during 2007 for
this Year 3 Monitoring Report. During the late growing season, KHA assessed six (6) vegetation
quads. Combined stem count density for all the quads equaled approximately 587 stems per acre
for planted stems; exceeding year 3 success criteria. All quads exceeded the year 3 success
criteria. The Kudzu that had invaded most of the channel reach was not visible during the 2007
site visits. Overall, the floodplain vegetation is performing well with the exception of two
locations that appear to have been cleared and/or managed by human activity. Stream bank
vegetation has had difficulty becoming established in some sections.
A stream assessment including a visual assessment and geomorphic survey indicated that the
project reaches were performing mostly within established success criteria ranges. Several
isolated sections showed bank erosion and a few structures were stressed or failing. KHA
upgraded a few of the sections labeled as "scour" to stable because theses sections remained
unchanged from the previous year and woody vegetation was becoming established. Most of the
project reach continues to be stable. The geomorphic measurements are within the range of the
design parameters.
Freedom Park (Little Sugar Creek) (141) Final December 2007 -Year 3 of 5 i
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Table of Contents
1.0 Project Background .............................................................................................................. 3
1.1 Location and Setting ....................................................................................................... .. 3
1.2 Project Structure, Mitigation Type, Approach and Objectives ...................................... .. 3
1.3 Monitoring Plan View .................................................................................................... .. 8
2.0 Project Conditions and Monitoring Results ....................................................................... 12
2.1 Vegetation Assessment .................................................................................................. 12
2.2 Stream Assessment ......................................................................................................... 13
3.0 Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 18
Tables
Table I: Project Restoration Components ..........................................................
Table II: Project Activity and Reporting History ..............................................
Table III: Project Contact Table ........................................................................
Table IV: Project Background Table .................................................................
Table V: Verification of Bankfull Events ..........................................................
Table VI: Categorical Stream Features Visual Stability Assessment ................
Table VII: Baseline Morphology and Hydraulic Summary ...............................
Table VIII: Morphology and Hydraulic Monitoring Summary .........................
Figures
.......................... 3
.......................... 5
.......................... 6
.......................... 7
........................ 13
........................ 13
........................ 15
........................ 16
Figure 1: Project Site Setting .......................................................................................................... 4
Figure 2: Monitoring Plan View Sheet 1 ........................................................................................ 9
Figure 3: Monitoring Plan View Sheet 2 ...................................................................................... 10
Figure 4: Monitoring Plan View Sheet 3 ...................................................................................... 11
Appendices
Appendix A: Vegetation Monitoring Data
Appendix B: Stream Monitoring Data
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1.0 Project Background
The background information for this report references previous monitoring reports submitted by
the Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department at North Carolina State University and
Soil and Environmental Consultants, PA.
1.1 Location and Setting
The Little Sugar Creek stream restoration site lies within in the Catawba River Basin (HU No.
03050103) in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. East Boulevard and Princeton Avenue
bound the upper and lower endpoints of the stream reach and the site lies entirely within
Freedom Park and the City of Charlotte. Freedom Park is part of the Mecklenburg County Park
and Recreation Department public park system. (See Figure 1)
1.2 Project Structure, Mitigation Type, Approach and Objectives
Little Sugar Creek was dredged in 1917 to a minimum width of approximately 20 feet and a
depth of 8 feet. Overall, the current alignment has existed since the early part of the 1900s. In the
mid-1960s and early 1970s, the City initiated an erosion control system along the banks of Little
Sugar Creek, as it flows through Freedom Park, using a combination of grouted riprap and
concrete bank covering. In July 2002, the County removed the grouted riprap and concrete
banking and temporarily stabilized the banks with erosion control matting. Additionally, the
large flood control weir structure located approximately 450 feet upstream of Princeton Avenue
was removed.
The restoration plan proposed to increase aquatic habitat diversity, improve on-site water quality,
stabilize the stream banks, provide flood storage, and aesthetically enhance the stream setting.
Table I provides project mitigation structure and objectives:
Table I: Proiect Restoration Comnonents
Table I. Project Restoration Components
Little Sugar Creek Stream Restoration Site (EEP Project #141)
Project .c c ?, c
o c
o
Segment U 6 c
a
1 y
Stationing Comment
or Reach d F a o c
ID W w

Main
I

4,200

R

P2 1
PIA

4,450

if

1:1 1

4,4501

0+00.0 - 44+50.0
Mitigation Unit Summaries
Stream (if) Riparian Non-Riparian Total Wetland Buffer (Ac.) Comment
Wetlan d (Ac.) Wetland (Ac.) (Ac.)
4,450 - - -- -- --
R =Restoration
El =Enhancement
Ell =Enhancement
S =Stabilization
P I = Priority I
P2 =Priority II
P3 =Priority III
SS = Stream Bank stabilization
Freedom Park (Little Sugar Creek) (141) Final December 2007 - Year 3 of 5 3 ?n
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1: Project Site
Prepared For Freedom Park (Little Sugar Creek) Stream Restoration Monitoring Year Prepared By
Project 3 -2007
r? Mecklenburg County, North Carolina r'_FI
COsvsteill Date Project Number Wley-Hom
2/22/08 141 and Associates, Inc.
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Project History and Background
Construction of the Little Sugar Creek Stream Restoration project began in mid-2003 and ended
in September 2003. The As-built survey was completed in June 2004. Year 3 monitoring
occurred during 2007. Table II provides additional details regarding the timeline of the project.
Table IT- Praiect Activity and Renortinu Historv
Table II. Project Activity and Reporting History
Little Sugar Creek Stream Restoration Site EEP Project #141

Activity or Report Scheduled
Completion Data
Collection Actual
Completion
Comments
Restoration Plan Oct-02
Final Design - 90%
Construction 2003 Sept-03
Temporary S&E mix
applied to entire .
nroiect area
2003
Sept-03
Permanent seed mix
applied 2003 Sept-03
Containerized and
B&B plantings for
reach/sepments 1&2
2004
June-04
Mitigation Plan / As-
built (Year 0
Monitoring -
2004
Spring 04
Performed by NCSU
Year 1 monitoring 2005 Oct-05 Nov-05 Performed by SEC, PA
Year 2 Monitoring 2006 Oct-06 Jan-07 Performed by KHA, Inc.
Year 3 Monitoring 2007 Nov-07 Feb-08 Performed by KHA, Inc.
Year 4 Monitoring 2008
Year 5 Monitoring 2009
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The project was designed by HDR Engineering, Inc of the Carolinas. Construction was
performed by SEI Environmental. Monitoring activities for Year 1 were performed by S&EC.
Kimley-Horn and Associates performed monitoring for Year 2 and Year 3. Table III provides
additional information regarding contractors.
Table III: Proiect Contact Table
Table III. Project Contact Table
Little Sugar Creek Stream Restoration Site (EEP Project #141)
Designer 128 South Tryon St., Suite 1400
HDR Engineering, Inc. of the Charlotte, NC 28202
Primary Designer POC
Construction Contractor 5100 North I-85, Suite 7
SEI Environmental Charlotte, NC 28206
Primary Contractor POC
Planting Contractor

Planting contractor POC
Seeding Contractor

Planting contractor POC
Seed Mix Sources
Nursery Stock Suppliers
Monitoring Performers PO Box 33068
Kimley-Horn and Associates Raleigh, NC 27636
Stream Monitoring POC Andrew Kiley [phone]
Vegetation Monitoring POC Andrew Kiley [phone]
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The project is located within Mecklenburg County, portions of which are located within the
Charlotte Belt of the Piedmont of North Carolina. The site is located within a highly urbanized
area. Table IV provides additional information regarding this stream.
Tahle IV: Praiect Rackground Table
Table IV. Project Background Table
Little Sugar Creek Stream Restoration Site EEP Project #141
Project County Mecklenburg
Drainage Area 13.6 square miles
Drainage impervious cover estimate % 75%
Stream Order 3
Ph sio ra hic Region Piedmont
Ecore ion Charlotte Belt
Ros en Classification of As-built C4
Cowardin Classification N/A
Dominant soil types - Cecil, Monacan
Reference site ID N/A
USGS HUC for Project and Reference 03050103
NCDWQ Sub-basin for Project and
Reference 03-08-34
NCDWQ classification for Project and
Reference C
Any portion of any project segment 303d
listed? No
Any portion of any project segment
upstream of a 303d listed segment? No
Reasons for 303d listing or stressor No
of project easement fenced 0%
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1.3 Monitoring Plan View
The monitoring plan assesses the project stream's geomorphology using a set of nine (9) cross
sections located throughout the project reach. The longitudinal profile and pattern assessment
covered the entire reach. Twenty-three (23) permanent photo points provide for a visual
comparison of key site features through time. The monitoring plan uses six (6) randomly placed
vegetation quads to assess riparian buffer restoration. Monitoring Plan View Sheets 1 to 3 show
the locations of the monitoring features.
?
Freedom Park (Little Sugar Creek) (141) Final December 2007 -Year 3 of 5 8
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2.0 Project Conditions and Monitoring Results
2.1 Vegetation Assessment
Planted zones related to the stream restoration consisted of the riparian buffer zone and the
stream banks. The riparian buffer zone begins at the top of the bank and continues out
perpendicular from the stream. The planted stream bank begins at the normal base flow elevation
and extends to the top of bank or interface with the flood plain.
KHA assessed site vegetation in September and October, 2007. Kudzu had invaded much of the
site in 2006, but was less evident in 2007. Several sections continue to exhibit bare banks. As
noted in previous monitoring reports, the cause of the bare banks may be due to a lack of root
development capable of withstanding stresses to during flood flows and/or compacted soils
inhibiting vegetation growth. Two sections of floodplain appear to have been cleared (prior to
2006) to establish or maintain a mix of natural and ornamental vegetation. Some evidence of
invasives was observed in the upper, larger cleared area. Appendix A provides a summary of
vegetative problem areas. Figures 2-4 show the problem areas.
KHA conducted a vegetation assessment during the early fall of 2007. The stem count table in
appendix A summarizes the results of the vegetation sample. Each of the plots meet success
criteria for planted stem counts. In several plots, species such as Betula nigra, Acer negundo,
Populus deltoids, Fraxinus pennsylvanicum, and Liquidambar styraciflua are rapidly colonizing.
Freedom Park (Little Sugar Creek) (141) Final December 2007 - Year 3 of 5 12 _
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2.2 Stream Assessment
KHA assessed the stream channel during the spring and fall of 2007. Several isolated sections
exhibited bank scour. Causes of scour may include lack of vegetative establishments; frequent
flooding flows; unstable soils; and failed short-term protection such as coir fiber matting. Two
areas utilizing boulder toe protection had pools developing behind them. Most structures seemed
to remain in place and functional. One structure appeared to be missing completely; one
structure appeared to be missing a header rock; and one structure had a collapse of boulders
making up the arm. A set of root wads near the bottom of the reach showed severe scour behind
the root balls. Large boulders have been placed at the base of theses root wads. The boulders
have held the root wads in place. Monitoring Plan View Sheets 1 through 3 show the location of
the stream problem areas and table B 1 in appendix B summarizes the stream problem areas.
Table V provides a listing of probable bankfull events based on site observations and limited
gage data.
Table V: Verification of Rnnkfull Events
Table V. Verification of Bankfull Events
Little Sugar Creek Stream Restoration Site EEP Pro'ect #141
Date of Data Date o ccurrence e o 0 o
10/1/2006 Before 10/1/2006 Photographed On-Stie

I I F9
Table VI provides a categorical view of the stream visual stability assessment. The visual
assessment shows an apparent increase in stability related to bank condition. Bank condition for
certain reaches was upgraded because the sections had remained unchanged from the previous
year and woody vegetation was becoming established. Table B2 in appendix B provides a
breakdown of the visual assessment.
Table Vi: Categorical Stream Features Visunl Stability Assessment
Table VI. Categorical Stream Feature Visual Stability Assessment
Little Sugar Creek Stream Restoration Site EEP Pro'ect #141
Reac h 1
Feature Initial MY-01 MY-02 MY-03 MY-04 MY-05
A. Riffles -- 100% 100% 100% --
B. Pools -- 95% 98% 98% --
C. Thalwe -- 100% 100% 100% --
D. Meanders -- 85% 72% 72% --
E. Bed General -- 94% 100% 100% --
F. Bank Condition -- 92% 82% 95%
G. Vanes / J Hooks etc. -- 100% 80% 80% --
H. Wads and Boulders -- 100% 35% 35% -- --
Table VI and Table VII summarize the site geomorphic assessment. KHA continued using the
bankf ill elevations established during the 2006 monitoring period. These elevations were
determined using a combination of upstream gage data, urban piedmont regional curves, and site
indicators. The field investigators had difficulty identifying cross section benchmarks in the
field; therefore some of the cross sections had a slightly different alignment than previous year's
Freedom Park (Little Sugar Creek) (141) Final December 2007 -Year 3 of 5 13 ?n KmNyt -
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cross sections. The difference in alignment negates a very fine comparison between years for a
cross section but does allow for the identification of significant changes in cross section. The
cross sections did not show a significant change in the shape or area compared to earlier years.
Appendix B provides photographs and graphing for geomorphic data.
Freedom Park (Little Sugar Creek) (141) Final December 2007 -Year 3 of 5 14
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3.0 Methodology
monitoring methods for 2007 were similar to those used in 2006.
Freedom Park (Little Sugar Creek) (141) Final December 2007 -Year 3 of 5 18
T:\pn\011795022 06-07 Monitoring\Freedom Park\MY 2007\Freedom Park MY3 2007 Final Monitoring Report.docx

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APPENDIX A
VEGETATION MONITORING DATA
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Table VI. Vegetative Problem Areas
Little Su ar Creek Stream Restoration Site EEP Project #141
Feature/Issue Station # / Ran a Probable Cause Photo #
2007
100 - 350 (Right Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events VPl
400 - 700 (Right Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events VP2
750 - 775 (Right Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events VP3
800 - 850 (Right Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events
930 - 950 (Right Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events

B
B
k 1,690 - 1,750 (Left Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events invasive, treatment
are
an 2,070 - 2,130 (Right Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events or invasive treatment
2,250 - 2,600 (Left Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events

2,280 - 2,335 (Right Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding

events invasive, treatment
VP4
2,600 - 2,700 (Left Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events invasive treatment
3,010 - 3,070 (Left Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events or in asive treatment VP5
3,120 - 3,190 (Right Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events or invasive treatment
Bare Bench

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1,250 - 1,580 (Left Floodplain) Cleared area exhibiting sucessional growth

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VP6
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2,065 - 2,200 (Left Bank) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding

events or invasive treatment
VP7
Invasive/Exotic Populations 1,250 - 1,580 (Left Floodplain) Cleared area exhibiting sucessional growth
including invasives from local sources VP6

410 - 1,140 (Both Banks) Excessive bank stresses during yearly flooding
events
Bare Bank 1,690 - 1,750 Left Bank)
2,065 - 2,350 (Both Banks
Bare Bench --
Bare Flood Plain 1,250 - 1,580 (Left Floodplain) Cleared area exhibiting sucessional growth
35 - 1,030 (Both Banks) Local source colonization after bank scour
1,240 - 1,860 (Left Bank)

Invasive/Exotic Populations 1,250 - 1,580 (Left Floodplain) Cleared area exhibiting sucessional growth

including invasives from local sources
1,950 - 2,190 (Left Bank
2,210 - 2,380 (Right Bank
2,680 - 3,065 (Left Bank
2,690 - 3,555 (Right Bank
3,555 - 3,790 Left Bank
2005
B
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2004
2,500 - 2,800 a an as poor er aceous success
3,100 - 3,200 Le an as poor herbaceous success
General 3,400 - 3,500 Right an as poor herbaceous success
3,700- 4,479 of banks have poor herbaceous success
oug ou Poor hardwood tree an live stake establish ment
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APPENDIX B
STREAM MONITORING DATA
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Table Bl. Stream Problem Areas
Little Sugar Creek Stream Restoration Site (EEP Project 4141)
Feature Issue Reach Station numbers Description Suspected Cause Photo number
2007
Aggradation/Bar
315 - 320 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Stormwater Drain
1,300 - 1,360 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Excessive shear stresses SPl
2,015 - 2,060 Bank Scour (Right Bank) Excessive shear stresses SP2
Bank scour 2,040 - 2,140 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Excessive shear stresses SP3
2,630 - 2,700 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Excessive shear stresses SP4
2,625 - 2,740 Scour behind toe protect (Right Bank) Excessive shear stresses SPS
4,030 - 4,070 Scour (Left Bank) - Possibly displaced root wads Excessive shear stresses SP6

Engineered structures
- back or arm scour 1,260

2,020 - 2,060 Missing header rock
Scour behind coir log. Stressed rip-rap clusters (both
sides of channel Excessive shear stresses

Excessive shear stresses

SP3
Etc. 2,660 Arm boulder collapse Excessive shear stresses SP4
3,950 - 4,140 Scour behind root wads Excessive shear stresses SP7
2006
Aggradation/Bar
. 945 - 1,140 Bank Scour (Both Banks) Excessive shear stresses
315 - 320 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Storrwater Drain
1,260 - 1,330 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Excessive shear stresses
1,310 - 1,390 Bank Scour (Right Bank) Excessive shear stresses
1,395 - 1,500 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Excessive shear stresses
1,570 - 1,620 Bank Scour (Right Bank) Excessive shear stresses
Bank scour 1,940 - 2,015 Bank Scour (Right Bank) Excessive shear stresses
2,040 - 2,140 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Excessive shear stresses
2,190 - 2,700 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Excessive shear stresses
2,625 - 2,740 Scour behind toe protect (Right Bank) Excessive shear stresses
3,270 - 3,340 Bank Scour (Left Bank) Excessive shear stresses
3450 Scour behind toe protection (Right Bank) Excessive shear stresses
4,030 - 4,070 Scour (Left Bank) - Possibly displaced root wads Excessive shear stresses
Engineered structures 1,260 Missing header rock Excessive shear stresses
- back or arm scour 1,960 Missing structure Excessive shear stresses
Etc. 2,660 Arm boulder collapse Excessive shear stresses
3,950 - 4,140 Scour behind root wads Excessive shear stresses
2005
1,047-1,117 Excessive a sear stress
Bank Scour 1,339 - 1,394 Resultant from oo p ain drainage
2,066 - 2,182 Excessive a shear stress

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^L'
^W
LL
XS8 2007
Particle Size (mm)
? XS8 2007 (PC)
N XS8 2006 (PC)

0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• a)

C
U
• a)
• n
XS9 2007
1
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Particle Size (mm)
? XS9 2007
(PC)
e XS9 2006
(PC)