NC0039586_1989 Annual Environmental Monitoring Report_19900914

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Carolina Power & Light Corn g 2 `r 199 0
SEP 1 4 1990PFP%IITS C! " VITiP tiF?;�?�r a cJ�e @ �.
Serial: 90ESS34
Dr. George T. Everett
North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health, and Natural Resources,
Division of Environmental Management
P.O. Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 s 19,10
Dear Dr. Everett: �. ry ,.`u y
'E
Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant
1989 Annual Environmental Monitoring Report
Enclosed are three copies of the Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant environmental
monitoring report about studies that Carolina Power & Light Company conducted at Harris
Lake during 1989. Harris Lake continued to support an excellent fishery which was
dominated by gizzard shad, largemouth bass, and bluegill. Hydrilla continued to spread in
the lake, although no impacts to power plant operations occurred. No Asiatic clams were
found in the intake structures, intake canals, or the auxiliary reservoir, although increasing
numbers were collected in the lake. The magnitude of the peak chlorophyll a concentration
increased relative to previous years which probably indicated increased biologically available
phosphorus.
A copy of this report is also being sent to the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission. Please contact Mr. R. C. Yates at [phone] or Dr. Bobby Ward at (919)
362-3268 if you have any questions concerning this report or our studies at Harris Lake.
Yours very truly,
- 1! 5- --� 4,4�
G. J. Oliver, Ph.D.
Manager
Environmental Services
GJO/rrb
Enclosures
c: Mr. R. B. Hamilton (NCWRC)
Dr. B. J. Ward d
Mr. R. C. Yates SEP
.� 2$ 1990
CEtORAL FILE COPY
411 Fayetteville Street • P. O. Box 1551 • Raleigh, N. C. 27602

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SHEARON HARRIS
NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING REPORT
CP&L y
Dal ,SEP 281990
Carolina Power & Light CompanjFNTRA6 MR ��PY

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SHEARON HARRIS NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
1989 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT
Prepared by:
R. J. Blue
Wildlife Management
R. R. Bryson
Editor, Compiler
D. D. Herlong
Benthic Macroinvertebrates
R. S. Hobbs
Water Quality and Chemistry,
Phytoplankton
D. H. Schiller
Aquatic Vegetation
J. M. Swing
Fisheries
Environmental Services Section
CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY
NEW HILL, NORTH CAROLINA
September 1990
Reviewed and Approved by:
Manager
Biol gical Assessment Unit
4 J,
Manager
Environmental Assessment Unit
This report was prepared under my supervision and direction, and I
accept full responsibility for its content.
Manager
Environmental Services Section
�Pgg
bv� IID
t4fP Ps 1
CENTRAL FILE COPY

This copy of the report
Biological Monitoring Unit, Biology
Unit Procedures Manual and Qu
original of this report subsequer
not a controlled document as detailed in the
al Assessment Unit, and Environmental Assessment
ity Assurance Manual. Any changes made to the
to the date of issuance can be obtained from:
Manager
Enviro mental Services Section
Carolina Power & Light Company
P.O. Box 1551
411 Fayetteville Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27602

Acknowledgments
The help of various people associated with the Biological Assessment Unit and
the Environmental Assessment Unit resulted in the preparation of this report.
Appreciation is extended to Mr. Rick Smith for sample processing. Ms. Betty Carter
and Mr. Rick Smith assisted with the collection of field samples. Ms. Betty Carter
maintained water quality and chemistry field sampling equipment, and Mr. Mack
McKinnie maintained the boats used for field sampling. Ms. Ann Harris and Mr.
Larry Birchfield assisted with the data analyses and figure preparation.
Special thanks are given to members of Carolina Power & Light Company's
Chemistry Laboratory for conducting the chemical analyses and to members of the
Office Services Unit at the Harris Energy & Environmental Center for assistance with
the proofing of the final report and appendices.
aP 28 1990 DD,
1 CF-11TRAL FILE COPY

Table of Contents
Page
Acknowledgments ......................................... i
List of Appendices ......................................... iii
Metric -English Conversion and Units of Measure .................. v
INTRODUCTION ......................................... 1
SUMMARY OF KEY ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS ......... 1
Water Quality ....................................... 1
Water Chemistry ..................................... 2
Phytoplankton....................................... 5
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ............................. 7
Fisheries........................................... 7
Wildlife Management .................................. 8
Aquatic Vegetation ................................... 10
CONCLUSIONS .......................................... 11
REFERENCES ........................................... 13
i
FSEp 28 1990
ii
CENTRAL FILE COPY

List of Appendices
Appendix
page
1
Harris Lake environmeni
al monitoring program for 1989 ..........
14
2
Harris Lake environmen
al monitoring program changes from the
1988 study plan to the 1989
study plan .......................
15
3
Harris Lake sampling arias
and stations for 1989 ...............
16
4
References for field sampling
and laboratory methods followed in
the 1989 Harris Lake en
'ronmental monitoring program .........
17
5
Statistical analyses performed
on data collected in the 1989 Harris
Lake environmental mor{
toring program .....................
18
6
Water quality data collected
from Harris Lake during 1989 ........
19
7
Temporal trends of Bele
ted limnological variables from the surface
waters at Stations E2, H2,
and P2 of Harris Lake, 1985-1989 ......
22
8
Mean, maximum, and minimum
values calculated from surface water
quality samples collected
from Harris Lake during 1989 ..........
23
9
Means and ranges of water
chemistry monitoring variables from the
surface and bottom waters
of Harris Lake during 1989 ...........
24
10
Means and ranges of tra
a element monitoring variables from the
surface and bottom waters
of Harris Lake during 1989 ...........
25
11
Key to water chemistry abbreviations
used in Appendix 12 ........
26
12
Concentrations of water
chemistry variables in Harris Lake
during1989 ...........................................
27
13
Trends in selected water
chemistry variables and precipitation in
Harris Lake during 1989
.................................
32
14
Trends in selected water
chemistry variables and precipitation in
Harris Lake, 1985-1989
..................................
33
15
Chlorophyll a concentra ions
by station in Harris Lake, 1987-1989 ..
34
iii

List of Appendices ,continued)
Append
ix
Page
16
Fish species collected from Harris Lake, 1986-1989 ..............
35
17
Fish collected during boat electrofisher sampling in Harris Lake
during1989 ...........................................
36
18
Annual mean catch rate of fish collected during boat electrofisher
sampling in Harris Lake, 1983-1989 .........................
37
19
Length -frequency distribution of bluegill collected during boat
electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989 ...............
38
20
Length -frequency distribution of redear sunfish collected during
i
boat electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989 ............
39
21
Length -frequency distribution of black crappie collected during
boat electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989 ............
40
22
Length -frequency distribution of largemouth bass collected during
boat electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989 ............
41
23
Length -frequency distribution of brown bullhead collected during
boat electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989 ............
42
24
Length -frequency distribution of pumpkinseed collected during boat
electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989 ...............
43
25
Length -frequency distribution of gizzard shad collected during boat
electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989 ...............
44
26
Aquatic and wetland plants observed in or adjacent to Harris Lake
and the auxiliary reservoir during 1989 .......................
45
iv
OLD
SEP 28 1990
CENTRAL FILE CQP`(

Metric -English
Length
Conversion and Units of Measure
1 micron (µm) = 4.0 x 1 -5 inch
1 millimeter (mm) = 1000 µm = 0.04 inch
1 centimeter (cm) = 10 m = 0.4 inch
1 meter (m) = 100 cm = 3.28 feet
1 kilometer (km) = 1000 m = 0.62 mile
Area
1 square meter (m2) = 13.76 square feet
1 hectare = 10,000 m2 = 2.47 acres
Weight
1 microgram (µg) = 10-3 mg or 10-6 g = 3.5 x 10-8 ounce
1 milligram (mg) = 3.5 x 10-5 ounce
1 gram (g) = 1000 mg = 0.035 ounce
1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 g = 2.2 pounds
1 metric ton = 1000 kg — 1.1 tons
1 kg/hectare = 0.89 you �d/acre
Volume
1 milliliter (ml) = 0.034 uid ounce
1 liter (1) = 1000 ml = 0 26 gallon
1 cubic meter (m3) = 35.P cubic feet
Temperature
Degrees Celsius (°C) = 519 (°F - 32)
Conductivity
Turbidi
NTU = Nephelometric 7
= µS/cm = µmhos/cm
Unit
V

INTRODUCTION
The Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant (SHNPP) circulating and cooling
tower makeup water systems began testing operations in January 1987, and the plant
began commercial operation in May 1987. The nonradiological environmental
monitoring program continued during 1989 to support the Environmental Protection
Plan for SHNPP. The program included investigations of the water quality, water
chemistry, phytoplankton, benthic macroinvertebrates, fish, and vegetation of the
1660 -hectare Harris Lake (Appendices 1-4). Wildlife management activities were
conducted on the surrounding lands.
"Key indicators" of the environmental quality of Harris Lake were evaluated
during 1989, and appropriate supporting data summaries and statistical results are
attached (Appendices 5-26).
SUMMARY OF KEY ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS
Water Ouality
(Appendices 6-8)
• The thermal characteristics of Harris Lake included one period of complete
water column mixing (monomictic) during the winter and a period of thermal
stratification producing distinct temperature strata in the main reaches of the
lake during the summer. Stratification was observed during May, July, and
September 1989, with a well-defined thermocline ranging between 2 and 9 m
depending on station and month.
• Harris Lake surface waters were well oxygenated throughout the year with
oxygen saturation exceeding 100 percent at all stations (E2--1id%; H2--112%;
P2--116%; and S2--115%) during September. Portions ofth @r v�tj�'j
L11
"
strata (metalimnion and hypolimnion) exhibited near ana - condit�o�ns 1996
1 CENTRAL FILE COPY

(dissolved oxygen concentration < 1.0 mg/liter) during May, July, and
September. Reservoi ide annual mean surface dissolved oxygen
concentrations increased during 1989 over those of 1987, probably as a result
of oxygen additionsf om photosynthesis by increased phytoplankton
populations.
• The 1989 specific condulctance values were significantly higher than values
observed prior to plant operation (1985 and 1986). An increase in
precipitation, which contributed to lake water ion concentration dilution and
ion flushing from the lake, was reflected in slightly lower specific conductance
values during 1989 than in 1988.
• The pH of the lake surface water ranged from 5.9 to 7.9 and remained
relatively constant with depth. Surface pH values exhibited no statistically
significant spatial or temporal trends.
• Secchi disk transparenc es were similar in the main reaches of the lake
(Stations E2, H2, and P2). Transparencies were generally less in the
headwaters (Station S2 due to the greater quantities of dissolved and
suspended matter introd iced with stream inflows.
Water Chemistry
(Appendices 7 and 9-14)
• Mean annual anion and
waters exhibited no star
Mean annual magnesiur
E2 and P2 than at St,
concentration in bottom
concentration in surface
magnesium reflected re.
ition (except magnesium) concentrations in surface
tically significant reservoirwide spatial differences.
concentrations were significantly higher at Stations
ons H2 and S2. The mean annual magnesium
aters at Station E2 was significantly higher than the
raters at Station E2. This greater concentration of
spension of magnesium from the sediments during
2

anoxic conditions. All other mean anion and cation concentrations did not
vary significantly between surface and bottom waters at Station E2.
• Temporal trends indicated anion and cation (except calcium) concentrations
were generally higher during 1988 and 1989 than those concentrations during
1985 through 1987. All 1989 anion and cation (except magnesium)
concentrations were slightly lower than 1988 levels reflecting increased
precipitation resulting in dilution of ion concentrations in the lake water.
• Calculated hardness, a function of calcium and magnesium concentrations,
exhibited no statistically significant spatial trends. Reservoirwide calculated
hardness was lower during 1989 than in 1988 and similar to 1987 values.
These temporal changes may be related to variations in precipitation and the
inverse relationship which may exist between precipitation and ion
concentrations.
• Reservoirwide total alkalinity declined from 1988 to 1989, while the 1989
annual mean concentration was similar to the 1987 mean. Variations in total
annual precipitation may partially explain these temporal differences since
during the relatively wet years of 1987 and 1989, alkalinity declined, and
during a somewhat drier year (1988), alkalinity increased.
• With the exception of total solids which were significantly higher at the bottom
of Station E2 compared to the surface at Station E2, no significant spatial
trends were apparent for total solids, total suspended solids, or total organic
carbon concentrations. Likewise, there were no significant spatial trends for
turbidity. Reservoirwide total organic carbon annual mean concentrations
were higher during 1989 than during 1986 through 1988, possibly due to
increased phytoplankton abundance. Turbidity in 1989 was higher than during
1988 but was similar to 1986 and 1987 values.i��
!SEp 28 1990
C
CENTRAL FILE COPY

• Surface water annual mean
total nitrogen concentrations were similar at all
stations during 1989. Tie
decomposition of biogenic materials below the
thermocline and nitrogen
resuspension from the sediments during anoxic
conditions was reflected in
significantly higher total nitrogen concentrations in
the bottom waters than
in surface waters at Station E2. The 1989
reservoirwide annual mean
total nitrogen concentration was similar to that of
1988 but was significantly
higher than either the 1985 or 1986 annual mean
concentrations.
• Total phosphorus conceni
rations were significantly higher in the surface waters
at Station E2 than at any
other station. Although resuspension of phosphorus
from the sediments during
anoxic conditions increased the phosphorus
concentrations of bottom
waters at Station E2, there was no significant
difference between cc
ncentrations in bottom and surface waters.
Reservoirwide total phos
horus concentrations were significantly higher during
1989 than during previc
us years. This increase was related to the zinc
phosphate contained in 1
he cooling tower blowdown which was discharged
near Station E2. The aount
of phosphorus discharged peaked during June
and July then declined ti
lower levels for the remainder of the year.
• With a few exception, annual mean surface water trace element
concentrations were below or near laboratory reporting limits. One exception
was surface water aluminum concentrations which were significantly higher in
the headwaters (Station 2) as compared to Station E2. Concentrations at
Stations H2 and P2 were intermediate. Annual mean aluminum
concentrations increased during 1989 at Stations H2 and P2 compared to
1988. The higher concentrations at Stations H2 and P2 influenced the 1989
reservoirwide annual men aluminum concentration which was significantly
higher than concentratior s during 1987 or 1988. The annual mean aluminum
concentration in the b ttom waters during 1989 was higher (but not
significantly different) c mpared to the surface waters at Station E2. This

difference in aluminum concentrations reflected resuspension of aluminum
into bottom waters during anoxic conditions.
• Station E2 bottom water concentrations of mercury were significantly higher
than surface water concentrations. These higher concentrations in the bottom
waters appeared to be related to resuspension of mercury during anoxic
conditions. Surface water copper and zinc concentrations were above
laboratory reporting limits, but in both cases, concentrations in 1989 were
similar to those values observed in 1988.
• All surface water trace element concentrations, with the possible exception of
mercury, were below the specified North Carolina Water Quality Standards
and Action Levels (CP&L laboratory reporting limit for mercury was
0.05 goiter and the N.C. Water Quality Standard was 0.012 gg/liter).
Phytoplankton (Algae)
(Appendix 15)
Seasonal changes of total biomass (estimated by chlorophyll a concentrations)
were evident at all stations (E2, H2, P2, and S2). At each station,
chlorophyll a concentrations peaked during May and then declined. Peak
chlorophyll a concentrations occurred when the water temperature, day length,
and biologically available macronutrients (particularly phosphorus) were most
favorable for algal growth.
• During 1989, the magnitude of the peak chlorophyll a concentration for each
station increased relative to previous years. The increased peak
concentrations of chlorophyll a probably indicated increased biologically
available phosphorus. These peaks contributed to increased annual mean
chlorophyll a concentrations. The 1989 means were 5%, 75%, a
higher than 1988 values at Stations E2 H2 and P2 respective"A
a
SEP 28 1990
5
CErITRAI_ FIRE. COPY

among annual mean con entrations could not be tested because of significant
year/transect interaction .
• The maximum chlorophyll a concentrations in Harris Lake during 1989 were
high compared to m.axi7um concentrations in other Carolina Power & Light
Company piedmont m undments e. ., H co Reservoir and Mayo Reservoir
P ( g Y Y )
but similar to concentrat ons reported for the nearby highly productive Jordan
Lake (Weiss and Franci co 1984).
• Spatial variation in ann al mean chlorophyll a concentrations included lower
values upstream of the tate Road 1127 bridge (Station S2--22.9 µg/liter) and
near the main dam (Sta ion E2--23.1 µg/liter) and relatively higher values in
the two main arms of he lake (Station H2--37.8 µg/liter and Station P2--
39.8 µg/liter)(Appendix 3). During 1987 and 1988, the annual mean
chlorophyll a concen rations at Station H2 were higher than the
concentrations at Station P2. Due to an increase in chlorophyll a
concentrations at Statio P2, the 1987 and 1988 spatial pattern did not recur,
rather the 1989 mean c lorophyll a concentrations were similar at Stations P2
and H2.
• Although an explana
concentrations was r.
(1) wind -induced phyte
available macronutrie
abundance due to va
optimal light zone or,
a
)n for the 1989 spatial variation in chlorophyll a
t apparent, possible contributory factors included
)lankton clumping; (2) spatial variability in biologically
ts; or (3) spatial differences in phytoplankton
ability in the rate phytoplankton settled from the
e rate at which they were consumed by predators.
R

Benthic Macroinvertebrates
• Monitoring for Asiatic clams Corbicula fluminea was conducted in Harris
Lake, the intake canals, the intake structure, and the auxiliary reservoir during
April and October 1989.
• Asiatic clams were found during the October sampling at Harris Lake at
Station P2 (Holleman's boat ramp) and Station E2 (NC 42 boat ramp).
Organism densities were 57/m2 at Station P2 and 14/m2 at Station E2.
• No Asiatic clams were found in the intake structures, the intake canals, or the
auxiliary reservoir.
• The 1989 Asiatic clam distribution and density did not pose a threat to
Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant operations.
Fisheries
(Appendices 16-25)
• Species composition during 1989 (19 species representing 6 families) was
similar to the composition observed during previous years (1985 and 1987)
when boat electrofisher was the only sampling gear used. No previously
uncollected species were found.
• Gizzard shad, bluegill, and largemouth bass continued to dominate the fish
community. Threadfin shad, which were introduced during 1988, overwintered
successfully and were collected in moderate numbers.
• Catch rates increased during 1989 for gizzard shad, bluegill, pumpkinseed, f
redear sunfish, largemouth bass, and black crappie. Higher catc)r.
attributed primarily to increased boat electrofsher catch succe�D newl
Y
SEP 28 1990
7 CENTRAL FILE COPY
J
I MS.YS •�

constructed beaver lodges in Areas S and V. Fish typically seek refuge and
concentrate around beaver lodges making them more susceptible to collection
by the boat electrofishe . Brown bullhead catch rates decreased in 1989.
However, this species has shown wide variations in catch rates from year to
year in Harris Lake.
• Length -frequency distributions indicated good recruitment for most species.
The number of intermdiate and large fish increased for bluegill, redear
sunfish, largemouth b:ss, and black crappie providing better fishing
opportunities for angler. There was a slight increase in the number of brown
bullhead larger than 275 mm. Similar to 1988, the number of pumpkinseed
greater than 150 mm dJcreased. Gizzard shad length -frequency distribution
was similar to previojs years except the number of young -of -year fish
increased during 1989. Only three channel catfish (which were stocked during
1985) were collected du I ing 1989. These channel catfish ranged from 461 mm
to 558 mm indicating g I od growth since their introduction.
• The Harris Plant has had no detectable impact on the fish community in
Harris Lake.
Wildlife Management
• Wildlife management i ctivities were conducted to monitor the Greentree
Reservoir and the wgod duck and bluebird nest boxes. No systematic
terrestrial vertebrate s I mpling was conducted during 1989.
• Beavers constructed a large dam in the spillway of the Greentree Reservoir
in the summer of 198'. The pond remained flooded during the winter and
provided the intended waterfowl habitat. The dam was destroyed as a result
-of the flow from heavy rains during the spring of 1989 and beavers did not
recolonize the area during the remainder of 1989. Due to the poor condition
1 8

of the access road, it was not possible to haul in stoplogs and the greentree
basin was not impounded during the fall of 1989.
• The wood duck nest boxes were checked once during the spring of 1989 for
nesting activity. At least 25 (61% occupancy) wood duck nests had been
initiated with evidence that young hatched successfully in 17 (68%) nests. For
the first time since 1984 when the boxes were first placed in Harris Lake,
evidence of nest predation was noted when a black rat snake was found in one
box. Due to the high water level, the predator shield was only an inch or two
above water which allowed the snake to access the box.
• During October 1989, 30 of the original 45 wood duck nest boxes (15 wooden
and 15 light plastic bucket boxes) were removed from Harris Lake and
replaced with 45 new wooden boxes. The 15 "Tom Tubbs" plastic boxes
obtained from the Minnesota Waterfowl Association were left in place since
they were still in good condition. However, the exteriors of these boxes were
painted with a gray primer since there was some concern that their dark color
made the interior temperature too high for the ducks nesting later in the
spring. A total of 60 boxes was then present in three arms of Harris Lake
(Little White Oak, Cary, and White Oak creek arms).
• Bluebird nest boxes were checked periodically to clean and remove old nests
during the spring and summer of 1989. Boxes continued to be used regularly
by bluebirds.
• The red -cockaded woodpecker colony site was checked during July 1989. No
signs of activity were noted on the cavity trees or cavity starts associated with
this colony site and no woodpeckers were observed.
f
��I
SEP 28 1990
9
CENTRAL FILE COPY

• Harris Lake continued ti
vegetation during 1989.
berchtoldii, spike-rush E
grew in almost all areas c
deep or less.
• Hydrilla Hydrilla verticil
occurred in the lake. F
upstream and downstrf
White Oak Creek arm
herbicide during the s
species. Although iml
result from the presenc
of the lake less than 3 -
other biological compo
• Floating -leaf vegetat
lotus Nelumbo lutea,
shallow (up to 2 m d
Oak Creek arm.
• Emergent vegetation
Harris Lake. Domi
effusus, bulrushes Sc
primrose Ludwigia ui
• The auxiliary reservc
dominated by naiad,
ua
(Appendix 26)
support moderate to large quantities of submersed
Dominant species were pondweed Potamogeton
ocharis baldwuul, and naiad Najas minor. These
the lake where water depth was approximately 3 m
ta, a potentially problematic submersed species, also
drilla grew in an area covering approximately 30 ha
m from the SR 1127 causeway and bridge over the
,f the lake. The application of a registered aquatic
-ing did not arrest the growth and spread of this
cts to power plant operations are not expected to
of hydrilla, it has the potential to spread to all areas
m deep and impact recreational activities and alter
ts.
in the lake consisted of water shield Brasenia schreberi,
I water -lily Nymphaea odorata. These species grew in
) water around the perimeter, primarily in the White
in a band approximately 2 m wide around most of
species were cat -tail 7jpha latifolia, rush Juncus
atrovirens and S. cyperinus, and creeping water
iensis.
supported small quantities of submersed vegetation
:)ndweed Potamogeton diversifolius, and musk grass
10

Chara sp. Floating -leaf vegetation was absent and emergent vegetation
consisted of the same species that grew around the main lake.
CONCLUSIONS
• Harris Lake continued to be warm and well oxygenated with a relatively low
degree of mineralization and low concentrations of dissolved ions as is typical
for most southeastern United States piedmont reservoirs. Statistically
significant spatial or temporal trends in most water quality and chemistry
variables were not apparent. Temporal changes in specific conductance,
alkalinity, and anion/cation concentrations in surface waters appeared to be
related to dilution from increased precipitation during 1989. Higher bottom
versus surface concentrations of various ions and trace elements at Station E2
reflected the resuspension of these constituents during anoxic conditions.
Macronutrient concentrations, particularly total phosphorus, increased in 1989
due to phosphorus additions from power plant blowdown effluents. This
increase was sufficient to increase lake chlorophyll a concentrations.
• Chlorophyll a concentrations peaked during May 1989. These peak
concentrations were greater than peak concentrations observed during
previous years. The 1989 peak chlorophyll a concentrations were higher than
concentrations observed in other Carolina Power & Light Company piedmont
impoundments which have been categorized as low to moderately productive.
Spatial differences in annual mean chlorophyll a concentrations included
relatively low concentrations at Stations E2 and S2 and high concentrations at
Stations H2 and P2.
• Although Asiatic clams were found in Harris Lake during 1989, none were
found in the auxiliary reservoir, intake structures, or intake canals. Harris
Plant operations were not threatened by Asiatic clams at this time.
)i _220
SEP 281990
11
CEi 1 T RI L FILE COPY

• An abundant fishery exisied at Harris Lake with gizzard shad, bluegill, and
largemouth bass dominat'Ing the fish community. Increases in larger sport fish
(i.e., largemouth bass a d bluegill) provided anglers with excellent fishing
opportunities. The Harri Plant had little or no measurable impact on the fish
population in the lake.
• Harris Lake continued t support moderate to large amounts of submersed
aquatic vegetation in al ost all areas less than 3 m deep. The dominant
species were pondweed nd naiad. The auxiliary reservoir supported small
quantities of submerse and no floating -leaf vegetation. Hydrilla, first
observed in the lake in 988, has spread to cover about 30 ha in the White
Oak Creek arm. This species was expected to expand in coverage to
dominate the existing su mersed species and might cover as much as 45% of
the lake surface area. ydrilla was not observed in the auxiliary reservoir.
Although no impacts to ower plant operations were expected because of the
low water intake veloci ies and quantities, impacts to recreation and other
biological components may occur in the future.
Harris Lake appeared typical of many impoundments in the southeastern
United States --shallow, warm, and well oxygenated with moderately high
productivity. It is co mon for such waters to contain an excellent sport
fishery and for the I.1ttoral zone to support large amounts of aquatic
vegetation. Also, the , resence of Asiatic clams in lakes and reservoirs is
becoming increasingly ommon throughout the southeast.
12

REFERENCES
APHA. 1986. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater.
17th ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C.
CP&L. 1984a. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1982 annual environmental
monitoring report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, N.C.
1984b. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1983 annual environmental
monitoring report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, N.C.
1985. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1984 annual environmental
monitoring report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, N.C.
1986. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1985 annual environmental
monitoring report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, N.C.
1987. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1986 annual environmental
monitoring report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, N.C.
1990. Mayo Steam Electric Plant 1989 annual environmental
monitoring report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, N.C.
1990. Roxboro Steam Electric Plant 1988 annual environmental
monitoring report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, N.C.
1990. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1987-1988 annual
environmental monitoring report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New
Hill, N.C.
USEPA. 1979. Methods for the chemical analysis of water and wastes. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, EPA -600/4-79-020, Cincinnati, OH.
Weiss, C. M., and D. E. Francisco. 1984. Water quality study --B. Everett Jordan
Lake, North Carolina. Year 1, December 1981 --November 1982. ESE Pub.
777. Dept. Env. Sci. Eng., University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C.
CAENFSEP 28
13
CENTRAL FILE COPY

Appendix 1. Harris Lake environmental monitoring program for 1989.
Program Frequency Location
Water quality Alternate months (Jan, E2, H2, P2, S2 (surface to
(temperature, DO, pH, Mar, May, Jul, Sep, Nov) bottom at 1-m intervals)
specific conductance,
Secchi disk
transparency)
Water chemistry Alternate months (Jan,
Mar, May, Jul, Sep, Nov)
Plankton Alternate months (Jan,
(phytoplankton and Mar, May, Jul, Sep, Nov)
chlorophyll)
Benthic invertebrates
Shoreline Corbicula Once per year (Oct)
survey
Emergency service Twice per year (Apr, Oct)
water and cooling tower
makeup systems
Corbicula survey
Intake canal Corbicula Twice per year (Apr, Oct)
survey
Fisheries
Electrofisher Once every three months
(Feb, May, Aug, Nov)
E2 (surface and bottom);
H2, P2, S2 (surface)
E2, H2, P2, S2
E3, H1, 03, P1, Q3, T3
Emergency service water
and cooling tower
makeup system intake
structures
V3, Z1, MI, AI
(3 samples per station)
El, E3, H1, H3, P1, P3,
S1, S3, V1, V3
Troublesome aquatic Spring, summer, fall I, E, P, Q, S, V, Z
vegetation survey
Wildlife program As needed Wildlife Management
maintenance Areas Aggg
or 190
14
CEI ITRAL FILE COPY

Appendix 2. Harris Lake environmental monitoring program changes from the 1988
study plan to the 11989 study plan.
Water quality and chemistry
Chlorophyll
Plankton
Benthic macroinvertebrates
Shoreline Corbicula survey
Intake canal Corbicula survey
Fisheries
Station S2 added
Station S2 added
Phytoplankton to be collected but not
identified unless needed to assess bloom
conditions
Zooplankton sampling discontinued
Ponar sampling at E1, H1, and P1
discontinued
Stations MI and AI discontinued
Frequency reduced from alternate months
to twice per year
Stations MI and AI added
Larval fish sampling discontinued
Rotenone sampling discontinued
15

Harris 13
E&E
Center Little White Oak
US1 Creek
Intake Canal
H•ttle -4--SR1127
Pt•pl
Auxiliary 1
Reservoir Z 1
U
�.. 3• 5�
I
W..
S- -
3
!7
Q
•3
3 •
2•
1P 1.
s
M Boat Ramp
N Blowdown J
Pipeline
2
1 H �
^v K3
L
Boat Ramp F SR14M
E
3
Mein
Dam
Suckhom Creek
HA2
White Oak I
, Creek
Cary Branch
SR1112
uucknom I
Creek
NORTH CAROLINA
ShearonHarrla
Nuclear Powar Plant
1 N O li 1
MILE
1 W 0 1 KILOMETER
Appendix 3. Harris Lake sampling areas and stations for 1989.
9"
16 SEP 28 1990
CENTRAL FILE COPS

Appendix 4. References for fled sampling and laboratory methods followed in the
1989 Harris Lake environmental monitoring program.
Water Quality
CP&L (1987), CP&L (1990)
Water Chemistry
USEPA (1979), APHA (1986), CP&L (1990)
Phytoplankton
CP&L (1984a), CP&L (1984b)
Benthic Macroinvertebrates
CP&L (1986), CP&L (1990)
Fisheries
CP&L (1987)
Aquatic Vegetation
CP&L (1985)
Wildlife Management
CP&L (1985)
17

r�
m
0
0
0
Appendix 5. Statistical analyses performed on data collected in the 1989 Harris Lake environmental monitoring
program.
Statistical Main Interaction
Program Variable test/model$ effect(s) term
Water quality Specific conductance, Two-way, block Station, year Station -by -year
Secchi disk transparency on month
Water chemistry Chemical variables Paired t-test Station: surface
vs bottom
CO Two-way, block Station, year Station -by -year
on month
Phytoplankton Chlorophyll a Two-way, block Station, year Station -by -year
on month
$Statistical tests used were analysis of variance (ANOVA) one-way and two-way models and paired t-tests (water
chemistry program only). A Type I error rate of 0.5% (a = 0.05) was used to judge the significance of all tests. For
the ANOVA models, Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test was applied to determine where differences
means occurred.
rn
CD

r•
Appendix
6. Water
quality data collected
from Harris Lake during
1989.
----------------------------------------------------------
January
10, 1989
---------------------
--------------------------------------
Depth (m)
------------------------
Temperature (°C)
Dissolved Oxygen
-----------------------
(mg/L)
-----------------------
pH
Conductivity (NS/cm)
Secchi (m)
E2
------------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2 H2
-----------------------
P2
S2
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
-----------------------
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
-----------------------
E2 H2 P2 S2
-----------------------
0.2
8.3
8.2
8.0
8.0
10.4 9.9
10.5
10.3
7.1
7.1
7.3
7.2
83
76
79
74
1.7 1.5 1.7 1.3
1.0
8.3
8.2
8.0
8.0
10:5 9.9
10.7
10.2
7.1
7.1
7.3
7.2
83
74
78
74
2.0
8.3
8.2
8.0
8.0
10.5 10.0
10.8
10.2
7.1
7.0
7.3
7.2
84
73
78
74
3.0
8.3
8.2
8.0
8.0
10.5 10.0
10.7
10.2
7.1
7.0
7.3
7.2
83
74
78
74
7.1
7.0
7.3
83
73
77
5.0
8.4
8.2
8.1
10.7 10.1
10.5
7.1
7:
834-77
6.0
8.4
7.8
8.1
11.0 8.5
10.5
7.1
7.0
7.3
84
73
77
7.0
8.4
7.8
8.1
11.1 8.3
10.8
7.1
7.0
7.3
83
73
77
8.0
8.4
7.7
8.1
11.2 7.7
10.9
7.1
7.0
7.3
83
73
76
9.0
8.4
11.3
7.1
83
10.0
8.4
11.5
7.1
84
11.0
8.4
11.5
7.1
83
12.0
8.4
11.6
7.1
83
13.0
8.0
10.6
7.1
84
----------------------------------------------------------
March
7, 1989--------
---------------------------------------------------
Depth (m)
Temperature
------------------------
(°C)
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L)
-----------------------
-----------------------
pH
Conductivity
(pS/cm)
Secchi (m)
E2
------------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2 H2
-----------------------
P2
S2
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
-----------------------
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
-----------------------
E2 H2 P2 S2
-----------------------
0.2
8.1
8.3
7.9
8.6
9.4 9.6
9.3
8.7
7.0
7.1
7.9
6.7
81
63
74
43
1.1 0.9 1.1 0.5
1.0
8.1
8.3
7.9
8.6
9.4 9.6
9.4
8.7
7.0
7.1
7.9
6.7
81
63
74
43
2.0
8.1
8.3
8.0
8.7
9.4 9.6
9.4
8.7
7.0
7.1
7.9
6.7
81
63
74
43
3.0
8.1
8.3
' 8.0
8.7
9.4 9.6
9.5
8.7
7.0
7.1
7.9
6.7
81
63
74
43
4.0
8.1
8.3
8.0
8.7
9.4 9.6
9.5
8.7
7.0
7.1
7.9
6.7
81
63
74
43
5.0
8.1
8.3
8.0
8.7
9.4 9.6
9.5
8.7
7.0
7.1
7.9
6.7
81
63
74
43
6.0
8.1
8.3
8.0
8.7
9.4 9.6
9.5
8.7
7.0
7.1
7.9
6.7
81
63
74
43
7.0
8.1
8.3
8.0
9.4 9.6
9.5
7.0
7.1
7.9
81
63
74
8.0
8.1
8.3
8.0
9.4 9.6
9.5
7.0
7.1
7.9
81
63
74
9.0
8.1
8.1
8.0
9.4 8.8
9.5
7.0
7.1
7.9
81
67
74
10.0
8.2
9.5
7.0
81
11.0
8.2
9.5
7.1
81
12.0
8.2
9.5
7.0
81
13.0
8.2
9.5
7.0
81
14.0
8.2
9.3
7.0
81

Appendix 6. (continued)
----------------------------------------------------------
May
10, 1989 ------------------------------------------------------------
Depth
(m)
------------------------
Temperature
(°C)
Dissolved
-----------------------
Oxygen
(mg/L)
-----------------------
pH
Conductivity
-----------------------
(NS/cm)
Secchi (m)
-----------------------
E2
------------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2 H2 P2 S2
-----------------------
0.2
18.0
19.0
19.0
18.2
7.6
8.8
8.1
8.0
6.4
6.5
6.2
5.9
69
58
64
50
1.7 1-1 1.2 0.6
1.0
18.0
18.9
19.0
18.2-
7.6
8.7
8.1
8.0
6.4
6.5
6.2
6.0
69
58
64
50
2.0
18.0
18.9
19.0
17.9
7.6
8.6
8.1
7.5
6.3
6.5
6.2
6.0
69
59
65
49
3.0
17.9
18.8
18.9
17.2
7.3
7.9
7.8
6.3
6.3
6.5
6.2
6.0
69
59
65
47
4.0
17.8
18.4
18.7
16.7
7.3
7.4
7.6
5.8
6.4
6.5
6.2
5.9
69
58
66
45
5.0
17.8
17.3
18.6
7.2
3.8
7.6
6.4
6.4
6.2
70
65
66
6.0
17.5
15.3
18.2
6.4
1.3
7.5
6.4
6.3
6.2
69
71
67
7.0
17.0
14.0
16.2
4.6
0.4
2.3
6.3
6.3
6.2
72
71
68
8.0
14.6
13.6
13.9
2.8
0.2
0.3
6.3
6.3
6.2
73
74
80
9.0
13.5
13.3
13.6
2.8
0.0
0.0
6.3
6.2
6.2
74
82
86
10.0
13.0
13.2
2.8
0.0
6.3
6.2
74
87
11.0
12.6
2.7
6.3
75
tv
CD
12.0
12.1
2.1
6.3
75
13.0
10.9
0.2
6.3
82
----------------------------------------------------------
July
17, 1989 ------------------------------------------------------------
Depth (m)
Temperature
------------------------
(°C)
Dissolved
-----------------------
Oxygen
(mg/L)
-----------------------
pH
Conductivity
-----------------------
(NS/cm)
Secchi (m)
-----------------------
E2
------------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2
-----------------------
H2
P2
S2
E2 H2 P2 S2
-----------------------
0.2
28.0
27.9
28.0
27.9
6.0
5.2
6.5
6.4
6.7
6.6
6.9
7.0
71
67
71
72
1.4 1.3 1.3 0.9
1.0
28.0
27.9
28.0
27.9
5.9
5.1
6.5
6.4
6.7
6.6
6.9
7.0
70
67
71
72
2.0
28.0
27.9
28.0
27.9
5.9
5.1
6.5
6.3
6.7
6.5
6.9
7.0
70
67
72
72
3.0
28.0
27.8
28.0
26.7
5.1
5.0
6.5
3.1
6.7
6.6
6.9
6.6
70
67
72
67
4.0
28.0
25.8
28.0
4.9
0.6
6.5
6.7
6.3
6.7
71
75
73
5.0
26.9
24.6
26.8
1.8
0.0
1.8
6.3
6.3
6.5
73
76
77
6.0
7.0
23.8
22.0
23.0
21.2
22.7
20.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
6.4
6.5
6.4
6.5
6.4
6.4
91
103
91
99
89
96
77
8.0
9.0
20.6
17.4
19.8
19.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.6
6.7
6.5
6.5
105
107
114 100
-V
10.0
16.0
0.0
0.0
6.7
6.8
105
11.0
14.8
106
r-
i1
12.0
12.9
0.0
7.0
123
00!
13.0
. 12.1
0.0
7.0
129
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Appendix 7. Temporal trends of selected limnological variables from the surface
waters at Stations E2, H2, and .P2 of Harris Lake, 1985-1989A All
variables are in mg/liter except for Secchi disk transparency in meters,
specific conductance in µS/cm, and turbidity in NTU.
Variable 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989
Secchi disk transparency
1.7a
1.6ab
1.4bc
1.3c
1.4bc
Specific conductance
56d
64c
68 b
83a
73b
Chloride
4.1c
4.6b
4.3bc
5.7a
5.5a
Sulfate
5.Oc
5.7c
6.8b
8.7 a
7.8a
Calcium
4.0a
3.8a
3.5b
3.8a
3.3b
Magnesium
1.6a
1.5b
1.5b
1.7a
1.7a
Sodium
4.5b
4.9b
5. lb
7.8a
7.3 a
Total phosphorus
0.013c
0.013c
0.024b
0.029b
0.045a
Total nitrogen
0.39b
0.35b
0.44ba
0.47a
0.49a
Total organic carbon
NS"
6.6b
6. lb
6.7b
8.4a
Total solids
NS
NS
NS
NS
67
Total suspended solids
NS
NS
NS
NS
3.0
Turbidity
NS
3.6a
3.7a
2.8b
4.0a
Total alkalinity
15a
16a
13b
15a
12b
Calculated hardness
17a
16ba
15b
17a
15b
Dissolved oxygen
8.2ab
8 Obc
7.5c
9.0a
8.4 ab
*Fisher's protected least significant difference test was applied only if the
overall F test for the treatment was
significant.
Means
followed
by the same
superscript were not significantly different (P > 0.05).
"NS = Not sampled.��
SEP 28 1996
22
CENTRAL FILE COPi

Appendix 8. Mean, maximum, and minimum values calculated from surface water quality samples collected from
Harris Lake during 1989.
f
pH
Mean Max Min
6.7
Temperature
Dissolved oxygen
Conductivity
7.1
(°C)
(mg/liter)
(µS/cm)
Station
Mean Max Min
Mean Max Min
Mean Max Min
E2
17.8 28.0 8.1
8.1 10.4 6.0
76 83 69
H2
18.1 27.9 8.2
8.5 9.9 5.2
69 78 58
P2
18.0 28.0 7.9
8.5 10.5 6.5
74 84 64
S2
76 43
N
W
pH
Mean Max Min
6.7
7.1
6.4
6.8
7.1
6.4
6.8
7.9
6.2
6.9
7.4
5.9
Secchi disk
transparency (m)
Mean Max
Min
1.5 1.7
1.1
1.4 1.9
0.9
1.4 1.7
1.1
1.0 1.6
0.5

Appendix 9. Means and ranges (in parentheses) of water chemistry monitoring variables from the surface and bottom waters
of Harris Lake during 1989. All units are mg/liter except for turbidity which is in NTU.
Variable E2 -Surface
E2 -Bottom
Station
1 -12 -Surface
P2 -Surface
S2 -Surface
Chloride (5.2-7.1)5.9
(4.8-7.0)5.8
(4.5-6.6)5.2
(3.6-6.7)5.4
(3.5-7.1)5.1
Sulfate (5.0-11)8.2
(2.9-13)8.2
(4.7-10)7.3
(5.2-11)8.1
(5.1-9.8)7.5
Calcium (2.9-4.0)3.5
(3.2-5.6)4.2
(2.6-3.7)3.2
(3.0-3.7)3.4
(2.7-3.8)3.3
Magnesium (1.6-1.8)1.8°
(1.8-2.1)1.9¶
(1.5-1.8)1.66
(1.6-1.8)1.7°
(1.3-1.8)1.66
Sodium (6.5-9.5)7.8
(7.2-9.6)8.2
(5.4-8.6)7.0
(4.4-8.8)7.1
(3.6-8.3)6.5
Total phosphorus (0.023-0.14)0.070°
(0.024-0.63)0.22
(0.013-0.052)0.0356
(0.018-0.051)0.0316 (0.018-0.058)0.0326
Total nitrogen (0.34-0.67)0.46
(0.49-2.20)1.02
(0.32-0.69)0.50
(0.43-0.70)0.-50------
(0.43-0.72)0.50
Total organic carbon (6.6-8.9)7.5
(6.6-9.9)7.9
(6.3-9.3)7.3
(6.2-9.0)7.4
(6.4-9.6)8.0
N
Total solids (40-120)67
(40-110)771
(50-100)68
(30-100)67
(40-100)70
.A
Total suspended solids (1-3)2
(2-6)4
(1-6)4
(< 1-9)4
(2-17)6
Turbidity (1.5-4.8)2.8
(2.3-9.9)5.2
(1.6-8.8)4.1
(1.7-10)5.1
(2.0-29.0)7.9
Total alkalinity (11-16)13
(14-42)22
(10-14)12
(8-14)12
(11-14)13
Calculated hardness (14-17)16
(15-23)18
(13-16)15
(14-16)16
(12-17)15
Total nitrogen/
Total phosphorus§ (4.8-16.7)9.8
(3.5-22.1)8.7
(9.1-24.6)15.5
(9.6-26.1)19.2
(9.8-24.4)18.2
$Fisher's protected least significant difference test was applied only if the overall F test for the treatment
was significant.
Means followed by the same superscript
were not significantly
different (P > 0.05).
c;
z
Mean concentrations in the surface
and bottom waters were significantly different at Station E2 as determined by paired
rn t igs (P <_ 0.05).
Total is
nitrogen/total phosphorus a
weight ratio.
0CD

G 4.. .
Appendix
10. Means and ranges (in parentheses) of trace element monitoring variables
from the surface and bottom waters
;r. =
of Harris Lake during 1989$ Statistical analyses are given when concentrations were
;+
reporting limits.
All units are µg/liter and sample size equaled 6.
at or above
the analytical
N.C.
Variable
E2 -Surface
Station
S2 -Surface
Water Quality
Standard4
E2 -Bottom
H2 -Surface
P2 -Surface
Arsenic
(<1-1)<l
(<1-1)<l
<1
<1
<1
50
Aluminum
(<20-100)526
(<20-230)113
(<20-220)124ab
(20-150)78ab
(<20-420)134°
None
Cadmium
<0.1
(<0.1-0.2)<0.I
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
2
Chromium
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
50
Copper
(2.2-4.9)3.5
(2.8-8.6)4.5
(1.9-3.8)2.8
(2.2-5.0)3.2
(1.3-5.3)3.0
7§
Lead
<1.0
<1.0-3.8)1.1
<1.0
<1.0
(<1.0-1.3)<1.0
25
Mercury
<0.05
(0.06-0.18)0.11t
<0.05
<0.05
<0.05
0.012§£
Nickel
N
<5.0
<5.0
<5.0
<5.0
<5.0
88§
"' Selenium
< 1
< 1
< 1
< 1
< 1
5
Zinc
(<20-40)22
(<20-30)23
<20
(<20-20)<20
<20
50
*Fisher's protected least significant difference test was applied only if the overall F test for the treatment was significant.
Means followed by the same superscript were not significantly different (P > 0.05).
"Copper and zinc are Action Levels (NCDEM 1989).
*Effective October 1, 1989, the N.C. Water Quality Standards or Action Level changed from 15 µg/liter to 7µg/liter for
copper, from 0.2 µg/liter to 0.012 µgAiter for mercury, and from 50 µg/liter to 88 µg/liter for nickel (NCDEM 1989).
£Laboratory detection level was 0.05 µg/liter.
tMean concentrations in the surface and bottom waters were significantly different at Station E2 as determined by paired
t tests (P s 0.05).

Appendix 11. Key to water chemistry abbreviations used in Appendix 12.
Ions and Nutrients
Variable
Cl-
Chloride
S0 2-
Sulfate
Ca 2+
Total calcium
Mg 2+
Total magnesium
Na+
Total sodium
Total N
Total nitrogen
Total P
Total phosphorus
TOC
Total organic carbon
TS
Total solids
TSS
Total suspended solids
Trace Elements
Variable
Al
Total aluminum
As
Total arsenic
Cd
Total cadmium
Cr
Total chromium
Cu
Total copper
Hg
Total mercury
Ni
Total nickel
Pb
Total lead
Se
Total selenium
Zn
Total zinc
Aug
SEP 231990 •
26 CENTRAL FILE COPY

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Phosphorus
0.08
0.07
0.06
2 0.05
0.04
E 0.03
0.02
0.01
Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov
Nitrogen
0.7-
0.6
y;
= 0.5
rn
E 0.4-
0.3
Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov
Total Organic Carbon
9
d 8
E 7
6
Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov
Alkalinity
15-
14-
13-
12-
11
514131211
10
9
Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov
Precipitation
20-
15-
E
015E 10
v
5
TIM0
J F M A M J J A S 0 N D
Hardness
17
L 16
d
15-
E 14-
13
Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov
Calcium
4.0
3.8-
3.6-
3.4-
3.2-
E
.83.63.43.2
3.0-
2.8
Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov
Chloride
7
d s
E 5
4
Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov
Sodium
10-
9-
8-
ZZ -
098m 7-
E 6-
5
Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov
Sulfate
12
L 10
d
8-
E 6-
4
Jan Mar May Jul Sep Nov
Appendix 13. Trends in selected water chemistry variables and precipitatio��
Lake during 1989. b
1M 28 19
)0
32
CENTRAL FILE GOFT

0.05
L 0.04
0.03
ZZ
" 0.02
E
0.01
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
E
0.30
17
16
E 13
12
18
17
16
15
14
140-
120-
E
40120E
U 100-
80
Phosphorus
85 86 87 88 89
Year
Nitrogen
85 86 87 88 891
Alkalinity
85 86 87 88
Hardness
85 86 87 88
Calcium
4.0-
3.8-
3.6
.03.83.6
3.4
E
3.2
85 86 87 88 89
Year
Chloride
6-
5-
E 5E
4
85 86 87 88 89
Sodium
8
7
:= 6
E 5
4
85 86 87 88 89
Sulfate
9-
8-
a)
8aa) 7
m
6
E 5-
85 86 87 88 89
Precipitation I Copper
4
L 3
as
2
1
85 86 87 88 �9 85 86 87 88 89
`Appendix 14. Trends in sel
1 Harris Lake,
water chemistry variables and precipitation in
-1989. -

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MOO
06
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OBI

Appendix 16. Fish species collected from Harris Lake, 1986-1989.
Scientific name
Common name
1986
1987
1988
1989
Amiidae
bowfins
Amia calva
bpwfin
x
x
Anguillidae
freshwater eels'
Anguilla rostrata
American eel
x
x
Clupeidae
heImngs
Dorsoma cepedimu m
D.
shad
x
x
x
x
petenense
eadfin shad
x
x
Esocidae
pies
Esox americanus
americanus
iedfin pickerel
x
x
E. niger
chain pickerel
x
x
x
x
Cyprinidae
Clbwaomus funduloides
carps and minnows
dace
r&3'de
x
Notemigonus crysoleucas
golden shiner
x
x
x
x
Notropu spp.
unidentified shiner
x
x
x
N. petersom
coastal shiner
x
x
Catostomidae
sackers
Erimyzon oblongus
creek chubsucker
x
x
x
Moxostoma anisumm
Silver redhorse
x
Tom,=*idaP
blullhead catfishes
Ictahow spp.
junidentifed bullhead
x
x
L natalisyellow
bullhead
x
x
x
x
L nebulosus
brown bullhead
x
x
x
x
L platycephalus
flat bullhead
x
x
x
L punctatus
channel catfish
x
x
x
Noturus spp.
unidentified madtom
x
N. gyrinus
tadpole madtom
x
Plyodictis olivaris
flathead catfish
x
x
Poeciliidae
iivebearers
Gambusia affinis
I mosquitofish
x
x
Centrarchidae
nfishes
Acanthanchus pomotis
mud fish
x
Centr=hus macropterus
flier
x
x
Enneacanthus glortosus
bluespotted sunfish
x
x
x
x
I-epomis sp.
unidentified sunfish
x
x
x
I-epomis spp.
hybrid sunfish
x
x
x
L auritus
redbreast sunfish
x
x
x
x
L cyanellus
green sunfish
x
x
x
x
L gibbosus
pumpkinseed
x
x
x
x
th
x
x
x
x
L m�hbw
bluegill
X
L. microlophus
redear sunfish
x
x
x
Microptems salmoides
largemouth bass
x
x
x
x
Pomaus spp.
unidentified crappie
x
x
x
P annularis
white crappie x
x
P.;`zugromaculatus
black crappie
x
x
x
x
Percidae`
perches
Etheostoma spp.
unidentified darter
x
x
x
E. , fusi forme
swamp darter
x
35

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6
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C
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w
w
00
00
tri
t-
O
N
O
N
N
O
O
C
C
D\
tri
r
O
N
oo
Wi
Wi
C
O
N
en
N
N
tr1
C
C
O�
N
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M��
00
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cy
Cl
tri
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tl-
c\
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O
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r -
co

30
15
0
15
0
15
0
Q)
15
)
a_ 0
15
0
15
0
15
1989
n-1055
1988
n=864
1987
n-233
1986
n=415
1985
n=536
1984
n=388
1983
n=353
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
Length (mm)
Appendix 19. Length -frequency distribution of bluegill collected during bog-ej s
sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989. T-9��
=SEP 28 1990
38
CENTRAL FILE COPY

C:
Q)
L
Q
a_
15
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0.
1989
n=138
1988
n=74
1987
n FM
n=69
1986
n=48
1985
n=55
1984
F1 El
n=47
1983
F�, AFM
n=61
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Length (mm)
Appendix 20. Length-fregi
electrofisher
distribution of redear sunfish collected during boat
Ung at Harris Lake, 1983-1989.
39

24
12
0
12
0
12
0
aD
12
CL 0
12
0
12
0
12
1989
n=140
1988
n=79
1987
n=22
1986
n=15
1985
n=,34
1984
FE
n=24
1983
n=28
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Length (mm)
Appendix 21. Length -frequency distribution of black crappie collected dun'
electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989
SEP 23 1990
40 -
CENTRAL FILE GOP
J

15
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0
10
5
0
1989
n=458
1988
n=332
1987
n=295
1986
n=493
1985
n=571
1984
n-454
1983
n=645
--..... I ................... I..........
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Appendix 22: Length-fregt
' electrofisher
Length (mm)
distribution of largemouth bass collected during boat
ling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989.
41

30
15
0
15
0
15
15
0
15
0
15
0
50
i ....... ....... , „.r,- r
100 150 200 250 300 350
Length (mm)
Appendix 23. Length -frequency distribution of brown bullhead collected` d C A`_"4�
electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989.
6 19t,
CENTRAL FILE COF
42
1989
n=91
1988
n=158
1987
n=167
1986
n=113
0 k1i I
1985
n=223
1984
n=52
1983
n=103
i ....... ....... , „.r,- r
100 150 200 250 300 350
Length (mm)
Appendix 23. Length -frequency distribution of brown bullhead collected` d C A`_"4�
electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989.
6 19t,
CENTRAL FILE COF
42

Q)
a�
n
30
C
1�
C
15
0
15
0
15
0
15
0
15
1989
n=508
1988
n=157
1987
n=60
1986
n=55
1985
n=163
1984
n=229
1983
n=225
0
0
Appendix 24. ' Length-fregi
electrofisher
50 100 150 200 250
Length (mm)
distribution of pumpkinseed collected during boat
ling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989.
43
4
50 100 150 200 250
Length (mm)
distribution of pumpkinseed collected during boat
ling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989.
43

30
15
0
15
0
15
c
0
a�
CD
15
D
a_ 0
15
0
15
1989
n=290
1988
n=84
1987
n=87
1986
n=109
1985
n=96
1984
n = 104
1983
n=158
50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Length (mm)
b�
n - � 1 r�
Appendix 25. Length-frequencydistribution of jig �bo�� y S
gizzard shad collected da
electrofisher sampling at Harris Lake, 1983-1989. LIE
'SEP 23 1990
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Appendix 26. Aquatic and wetla#d plants observed in or adjacent to Harris Lake and the `
auxiliary reservoir during 1989.
Submersed Vegetation
Emergent Vegetation (continued)
Characeae
Leersia oryzoides
Charas .
sip.
Panicum dichotomiflorum
Nitella
P. stipitatum
Potamogetonaceae
Zizaniopsis aquatica
Potamogeton berchtoldii
Cyperaceae
P. diversifolius
Carex lurida
Najadaceae
C. odoratus
Najas gracillima
C. pseudovegetus
N. guadalupensis
Eleocharis microcarpa
N. minor
E. obtusa
Hydrocharitaceae
E. quadrangulata
Hydrilla verticilatta
Fimbristylis autumnalis
Cyperaceae
Rhynchospora corniculata
Eleocharis baldwinii
Scirpus atrovirens
Haloragaceae
S. cypennus
Myriophyllum brasiliense
Juncaceae
Lentibulariaceae
Juncus acuminatus
Utricularia &qWa
J. coriaceus
F_ lnating_T a_af_ Vegetation
J marginllw
J. tenurs
Azollaceae
Salicaceae
Azolla caroliniana
Po ulus deltoides
Lemnaceae
Salix nigra
Spirodela polyrhiza
Saururaceae
Nymphaeaceae
Saururus cernuus
Nymphaea odorata
Betulaceae
Nelumbonaceae
Betula nigra
Nelumbo lutea
Alnus senulata
Cabombaceae
Polygonaceae
Brasenia schreberi
Polygonum pens lvanicum
Onagraceae
Ludwigia uruguayensis
P. hydropiperoides
Platanaceae
Platanus occidentalis
Emergent_ Vegetation
Melastomataceae
Rheda mariana
Osmundaceae
Onagraceae
Osmunda cinnamomea
Ludwigia leptocarpa
Typhaceae
L. palustris
Typha latifolia
Cornaceae
Spar ganiaceae
Cornus amomum
SSparganium americanum
Rubiaceae
Alismataceae
Cephalanthus occidentalis
Alisma subcordatum
Campanulaceae
Sagittaria engelmanniana
Lobelia siphilitica
Poaceae"
Asteraceae
Echinochloa crusagalli
Mikania scandens
'Ehanthus giganteus
Pluchea foetida
45

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