NC0039586_Environmental Monitoring Report_20021218

v�
CP&L
A Progress Energy Company
DEC 1 8 2002
Mr. Alan Klimek, Director
Division of Water Quality
N. C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
aue- F 3t1o3
SERIAL: HNP -02-166
Subject: Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Dear Mr. Klimek:
s� co"-��o
Enclosed are three copies of the Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report.
The report summarizes the results of water quality monitoring conducted by Carolina Power &
Light Company at the Harris Reservoir during 2001.
During 2001, operational effects of the Harris Nuclear Plant on the water quality and aquatic life
continued to be minimal. Nutrient concentrations, including total phosphorus and total nitrogen
concentrations, remained stable for the reporting period (1997-2001). The concentrations of most
chemical constituents did not exhibit any consistent temporal trends.
Please contact Mr. R. T. Wilson at [phone] if you have any questions concerning this
report or if you have a need for additional information.
Sincerely,
011��
B. C. Wald1Qp
Plant General Manager
Harris Nuclear Plant
MGW
Enclosure
c: Mr. D. Goodrich — NCDWQ
I
Mr. F. A. Harris — NCWRC DEC D 3 D 2002
Ms. C. Sullins - NCDWQ I'
Harris Nuclear Plant _
5413 Shearon Harris Road z -
New Hill, NC 27562

HARRIS NUCLEAR PLANT
2001 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT
October 2002
Environmental Services Section
CP&L — A Progress Energy Company
New Hill, North Carolina
e

Harris Nuclear Plant
2001 Environmental Mon
Preface
This copy of the report is not a conti olled document as detailed in Environmental Services
Section Biology Program Procedures aid Quality Assurance Manual. Any changes made to the
original of this report subsequent to the late of issuance can be obtained from:
Director
Enviro mental Services Section
CP&L — A. Progress Energy Company
3932 New Hill -Holleman Road
New Hill, orth Carolina 27562-0327
Carolina Power & Light Company I Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Table of Contents
Page
Preface................................................. :...................................................................................
i
Listof Tables......:..................................................:.................................................................
iii
List of Figures.....................................................................................:...................................
Listof Appendices................................::.................................................................................
ui
Metric -English Conversion and Units of Measure.......................................:...........................
iv
Water Chemistry Abbreviations.......:...........................................:....................:.....................
iv
EXECUTIVESUMMARY.............................::......................................................................
v
HARRIS NUCLEAR PLANT 2000 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT
ReservoirDescription........................................................................................................
1
- Objectives:.. _ . _ _ - : .............................
Methods.............................................................................................................................
2
RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AT HARRIS RESERVOIR
DURING 2000 -
Limnology..................................... :...................................................................................
7
Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen.....:.....................................................................
7
WaterClarity...........................................................................................................:...
7
Chlorophylla:...............................................:.....................:........................................
7
Nutrients and Total Organic Carbon...........................................................................
8
Specific Conductance, Ions and Hardness..............................................:....................
8
pHand Total Alkalinity..................................................... :.........................................
8
Trace Metals and Metalloids ................. :...................................... ................... ............
9
Biofouling Monitoring Surveys ...................................... ................... :..................................
9
AquaticVegetation............................................................................................................
9
CONCLUSIONS......................................................................................::.............................
10
REFERENCES................. :........................................................................... :..........................
11
Carolina Power & Light Company ii Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Repo
List of Tables
Table Page
1 Environmental monitoring pr gram at Harris Reservoir for 2001 .......................... 4
2 Field sampling and laboratory methods followed in the 2001 environmental
monitoring program at Harris eservoir.................................................................. 5
3 Statistical analyses performed on data collected for the 2001 environmental
monitoring program at Harris eservoir........:...................:................................ 6
List of Figures
Figure Page
1 Sampling areas and stations at Harris Reservoir during 2001 .................................. 3
Appendix
1 Water temperature, dissoly
transparency data collected
2 Means, ranges, and spatial
from the surface waters of l
3 Annual mean water chemis
of Harris Reservoir 1997-21
4 Concentrations of chemical
Carolina Power & Light Company
t of Appendices
Page
oxygen, conductivity, pH, and Secchi disk
:)m Harris Reservoir during 2001 ......................... A-1
nds of selected limnological variables
rris Reservoir during 2001 ................................... A-2
variables from the surface waters
1............................................................................ A-3
riables in Harris Reservoir during 2001 .............. A-4
iii
Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant 2007 Environmental Monitoring Report
Metric -English Conversion and Units of Measure
Length
1 micron (um) = 4.0 x 10-5 inch
1 millimeter (mm) = 1000 Aim =-0.04 inch
1 centimeter (cm) = 10 mm = 0.4 inch
1 meter (m) = 100 cm = 3.28 feet
1 kilometer (km) = 1000 m = 0.62 mile
Area
1 square meter (m2) = 10.76 square feet
1 hectare (ha) = 10,000 m2 = 2.47 acres
Volume
1 milliliter (ml) = 0.034 fluid ounce
1 liter = 1000 ml = 0.26 gallon
1 cubic meter = 35.3 cubic feet
Cl-
- Chloride
SO4
- Sulfate
Ca2'
- Total calcium
Weight
1 microgram (,ug) = 10"3 mg or
10-6 g = 3.5 x 10-8 ounce
1 milligram (mg) = 3.5 x 10-5 ounce
1 gram (g) = 1000 mg = 0.035 ounce- - — -
1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 g = 2.2 pounds
1 metric ton = 1000 kg = 1.1 tons
1 kg/hectare = 0.89 pound/acre-
Temperature-
Degrees Celsius ('C) = 5/9 (°17-32)
Specific conductance
gS/cm = Microsiemens/centimeter
Turbidity
NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Unit
Water Chemistry Abbreviations
Mg 2+ - Total magnesium
Na' - Total sodium
TN - Total nitrogen
NH3-N - Ammonia -nitrogen
NO3 + NO2 - N - Nitrate +
nitrite -nitrogen
TP - Total phosphorus
TOC - Total organic carbon
TS - Total solids
TDS - Total dissolved solids
TSS - Total suspended solids
Al - Total aluminum
Cd - Total cadmium
Cu - Total copper
Hg - Total mercury
Carolina Power & Light Company iv Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant
Harris Reservoir supplies makeup
Plant. The Harris Nuclear Plant
volume waste discharges into the i
Nutrient concentrations, including tots
stable for the reporting period (1997 -
reservoir in this area. The concentra
consistent statistically significant temp
detrimental to the biological communit
Hydrilla stands reaching the surface
Reservoir during 2001. However, no f
of hydrilla were observed in the littora
to control hydrilla in the auxiliary rese
and 1997 appears to have been effe
vegetation.
Carolina Power & Light Company
2001 Environmental Monitoring Report I
SUMMARY
to the closed -cycle cooling system for the Harris Nuclear
primarily cooling tower blowdown along with low
near the main dam.
phosphorus and total nitrogen concentrations, -remained- - - - -
)01) and were in an acceptable range for a productive
Dns of most chemical constituents did not exhibit any
-al changes and were in ranges that were not considered -
the water were observed in the intake canal in Harris
ing of the plant intake screens has occurred. No stands
zone of the auxiliary reservoir during 2001. The attempt
voir by releasing grass carp in the autumn of 1994, 1996,
Ive in reducing the quantity and area covered by this
V
Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
HARRIS NUCLEAR PLANT
2001 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT
Reservoir Description
Harris Reservoir, located in Chatham and Wake, Counties, North Carolina, was created by
impounding Buckhorn Creek, a tributary of the Cape Fear River (Figure 1). The main body of
Harris Reservoir has a surface area of 1680 ha; the auxiliary reservoir has a surface area of
130 ha. The main reservoir has a maximum depth of 18 in, a mean depth of 5.3 in, a volume of
8.9 x 1W m3, a full -pool 'elevation of 67.1 m National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD), and an
average residence time of 28 months. The reservoir began -filling in December 1980 and
full -pool elevation was reached in February 1983. The 64.5 -km shoreline is mostly wooded and
the 183.9 -km2 drainage area is mostly rolling hills with land used primarily for forestry and
agriculture. The conversion of areas from forestry or agricultural purposes to residential uses
continues in many areas of the drainage.
Harris Reservoir was constructed to supply cooling tower makeup and auxiliary reservoir
makeup water to the 900 -MW Harris Nuclear Plant, which began commercial operation in May
1987. In 1986 the bottom waters of the reservoir near the main dam began receiving National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)-permitted wastewater discharges from the
power plant. -cooling tower. Tributaries also receive NPDES-permitted discharges from the
Harris Energy and Environmental Center and from wastewater treatment plants at Apex and
Holly Springs. The reservoir is a source of drinking water for some CP&L employees.
Objectives
The primary objectives of the 2001 Harris Nuclear Plant non -radiological environmental
monitoring program were to: (1) assess the reservoir's overall water quality, (2) identify any
natural or power plant -induced effects on the water quality in the reservoir, and (3) document the
introduction and expansion of nonnative plant and animal populations in the reservoir. These
objectives have also been addressed in previous annual monitoring reports with the most recent
detailed in CP&L 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, and 2001.
Carolina Power & Light Company 1 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant
The 2001 environmental program
characteristics (water quality, water
vegetation, and (3) possible introduce
methods, data summaries, and statist
those used for data collected during
data were evaluated for the most rece
2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Methods
monitoring the reservoir's: (1) limnological
tmistry, and chlorophyll a), (2) distribution of aquatic
is of the zebra mussel and the quagga mussel. Sampling
1 analyses for data collected during 2001 were similar to
)0 (CP&L 2001) (Tables 2 and 3). Trend analyses of the
five years of monitoring (1997-2001) for most programs.
Supporting data summaries and. appr priate statistical analyses were used to describe and
interpret the environmental quality of th,e reservoir (Table 3). _
All analytical testing, except total phosphorus analyses, completed in support of the Harris
Reservoir environmental monitoring program was performed by testing laboratories that are
certified by the N. C. Division of Water Quality's Laboratory Certification Program to perform
water and wastewater testing. Perkin Limnological Consulting, LLC, a vendor approved by
CP&L for this testing, conducted total phosphorus analysis. The accuracy and precision of
laboratory analyses of water chemistry data were determined with analytical standards, spikes,
and replicates. Quality assurance info ation including the accuracy and percent recovery of
water chemistry standards are available upon request. In this report where concentrations were
less than the laboratory -reporting limit the concentrations were assumed _to be at one-half the
reporting limit for the calculation of the mean. Where statistically significant -results were
reported, a Type I error rate of 5% (« L 0.05) was used and Fisher's protected least significant
difference test was applied to determine]where significant differences in mean values occurred.
Carolina Power & Light Company
2 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Tom Jack
- Thomas
y;
P 2
t
f �dClt€S��e
IDtake
I
Auxiliary
Cf07
Canal:.
Reservoir
49
(MI)
Z
DikeBoat
R
\Outfall.
Ramp
006
r
-Emergency y
Figure 1. Sampling areas and stations at Harris Reservoir during 2001.
Carolina Power & Light Company 3 Environmental Services Section
Service.
Water.lntake
P 2
t
Holl
s
Cf07
r
-
Boa
4A.
Figure 1. Sampling areas and stations at Harris Reservoir during 2001.
Carolina Power & Light Company 3 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant'
AAAA C�.....�.�...�.�i..l ■■�.�7i�..7.��. []L:��..i
Table 1. Environmental monitoring program at Harris Reservoir for 2001.
Program Frequency Location
Water quality
January, May,
July, November
Stations E2, H2, P2, and S2
(surface to bottom at
1-m intervals) -
Water chemistry
January, May,
July, November
Stations E2, H2, P3, and S2
(surface samples at all stations)
Plankton+
January, May,
July, November
Stations E2, H2,.P3, and S2
Biofouling monitoring
-_
Zebra mussel surveys
January; May,
July, November
Areas E, P or -Q, and -V - -
Aquatic vegetation survey
Once per calendar
year (Fall)
Areas MI and Z
+Plankton included phytoplankton (algae) and chlorophyll a samples. Phytoplankton samples
were collected and preserved but were not identified because all sampled chlorophyll a
concentrations were < 40 ,ug/L.
Carolina Power & Light Company 1 4 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Table 2. Field sampling and laboratory methods followed in the 2001 environmental
monitoring program at Harris Reservoir.
Program Method
Water quality Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance were measured with
calibrated YSI@ multiparameter instruments and YSIo dissolved oxygen meters.
Measurements were taken from surface to bottom at 1-m intervals. Water clarity was
measured with a Secchi disk.
Water chemistry Surface (Stations E2, H2, P2, and S2) and bottom samples (Station E2) were collected
in appropriate containers, transported to the laboratory on ice, and analyzed according
- - - - to -accepted -laboratory methods.-
Phytoplankton Equal amounts of water from the surface, the Secchi disk transparency depth, and
twice the Secchi disk transparency depth were obtained with a Van Dorn sampler and
mixed in a plastic container. A 250-m1 sub sample was taken -and preserved with 5 ml
of "MY fixative.
Chlorophyll a Equal amounts of water from the surface, the Secchi disk transparency depth, and
twice the Secchi disk transparency depth were obtained with a Van Dorn sampler,
placed in a plastic container and mixed, then a 1000-m1 sub sample was collected in a
dark bottle. All samples were placed on ice and returned to the laboratory. In the
laboratory a 250-m1 sub sample was analyzed according to Strickland and Parsons
(1972) and APHA (1995).
Zebra mussel The dock at the Holleman's boat ramp, or water quality station marker buoys were
visually inspected for the presence of mussels during routine water quality monitoring.
Aquatic Portions of the shoreline and/or littoral zone of the Harris Plant main reservoir intake
vegetation canal and auxiliary reservoir were systematically surveyed by boat to document the
survey presence of aquatic vegetation, specifically --hydrilla- and creeping water
primrose.
Carolina Power & Light Company 5 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant
2001 Environmental
Table 3. Statistical analyses perfo�med on data collected for the 2001 environmental
monitoring program at Harris Reservoir.
Transfor- Statistical Main
Program Variable mation Test/model' effect(s)
Water quality Specific conductance
Secchi disk transpare
Specific conductance
Secchi disk transpare
Water chemistry _Select_monitoring var
Select monitoring var
Phytoplankton Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll a
None One-way, block on month Station
None Two-way, block on month Station, year
None _ One -way, -block on -month
Station
None Two-way, block on month
Station, year
None One-way, block on month
Station
None Two-way, block on month
Station, year
+Statistical tests used were one-way and two-way analysis of variance models. A Type I error
rate of 5% (a = 0.05) was used to judge the significance of all tests. Fisher's protected
least significant difference (LSD) test was applied to determine where differences in
means occurred.
Carolina Power & Light Company 6 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant
2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AT
HARRIS RESERVOIR DURING 2001
Limnology
Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen
• Reservoir waters were stratified at all stations during May and July and were either well
mixed or very weakly stratified during January and November, 2001 (Appendix 1). During
May and July, portions of the hypolimnion were anoxic (i.e., conditions where dissolved
oxygen concentrations are less than 1 mg/liter) at Stations E2, H2, P2, and S2 (Appendix 1).
A bottom -water oxygen decline is typical at the deeper stations during the warm -summer
months in Harris Reservoir and in other productive southeastern water bodies when well-
defined thermoclines develop.
Water Clarity (Secchi disk transparency, Solids, and Turbidity)
• The Secchi disk transparency depth (a water clarity indicator) generally increased with linear
distance from the headwater region (Station S2) to the dam during May and July 2001
(Appendix 1). However, headwaters were much clearer than downstream stations during
January and November of 2001. Although there were monthly spatial differences, there
were no significant differences in the annual mean Secchi disk transparencies between
stations during 2001 (Appendix 2). Neither were there any significant differences in the
reservoir -wide annual mean Secchi disk transparency values during the period 1997 to 2001
(Appendix 3).
• There were no significant spatial trends for solids (i.e., total solids and total suspended solids)
or turbidity except for total dissolved solids during 2001 (Appendix 2).
• The annual mean total solids and total dissolved solids were statistically variable during the
1997 through 2001 observation period (Appendix 3).
biologically important.
Chlorophyll a
These minor fluctuations were not
• During 2001, mean chlorophyll a concentrations (an indicator of algal biomass) in Harris
Carolina Power & Light Company 7 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant
Reservoir continued to be indicative
unlike concentrations measured in 1
the North Carolina water quality star
were no significant spatial differ
(Appendix 2).
2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
of moderate to high biological productivity. However,
97 and 1998, no chlorophyll a concentration exceeded
lard of 40 µg/liter during 2001 (NCDEM 1992). There
nces in chlorophyll a concentrations during 2001 -
Annual mean chlorophyll a concen tions observed during 2001 were significantly less than
during 1997 and 1998 (Appendi)c 3).
Nutrients and Total Organic Carbon ( urface waters)
• There were no significant spatial differences among stations for mean nutrient (i.e.,
phosphorus, ammonia -N, nitrate + trite -N, and total nitrogen) and total organic carbon
concentrations in Harris Reservoir d 'ng 2001 (Appendix 2).
• Statistically significant temporal tre ds were detected only for nitrate + nitrite -N and total
organic carbon from "1997 to 2001 Appendix .3). However, these differences were not
considered biologically important.
Specific Conductance, Ions, and K
• There were no significant spatial
during 2001 (Appendix 2).
• The annual mean chloride concent
concentrations during 1997- 1999. (
and sulfate were also greater during
these values represent relatively sm
• The annual mean reservoir conducti,
the previous four years (Appendix 3).
Carolina Power & Light Company
waters
in conductivity, ion- concentration or hardness
ion significantly increased during 2001 compared to
pendix 3). The annual mean concentrations of sodium
D1 compared to one or more previous years. However,
increases.
was significantly higher during 2001 compared to
8 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
pH and Total Alkalinity
e Similar to 2000, the median pH in the surface waters of Harris Reservoir was 7.2 during 2001
(Appendix 1)..
e In 2001 total alkalinity concentrations were not statistically different among stations
(Appendix 2). The annual mean total alkalinity concentrations fluctuated significantly but
with no consistent pattern during the 1997 to 2001 comparison period (Appendix 3).
Trace Metals and -Metalloids (surface waters)
e Overall, concentrations of trace elements in Harris Reservoir were generally low in 2001 with
most concentrations less than or near their respective laboratory reporting limits (Appendices
2 and 4). No spatial trends for any measured trace elements were observed during 2001
(Appendix 2). Aluminum concentrations ranged from < 50 to 92 jig/liter during 2001 with
the greater value recorded in a headwater region where aluminum concentrations may have
been influenced by upstream watershed sources (Appendices 2 and 4).
e Copper exhibited statistically significant variations in surface waters but no true temporal
trend was observed during the 1997 to 2001 comparison period (Appendix 3). Aluminum
also exhibited statistically significant variations in surface waters. The mean aluminum
concentration measured during 1999 was significantly greater than alLother-years from 1997 -
to 2001. No other temporal differences were observed among trace element concentrations in
the surface waters of Harris Reservoir for the period 1997 to 2001 (Appendices 3 and 4).
Biofouling Monitoring Surveys
e No zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) or quagga mussels (D. bugensis), potentially
serious biofouling organisms to power plant operations, were found in Harris Reservoir or the
auxiliary reservoir during 2001. Zebra mussels and quagga mussels are not expected to
thrive in Harris Reservoir because concentrations of alkalinity, calcium, total hardness, and
pH are sub -optimal for mussel growth and reproduction (Claudi and Mackie 1993).
Carolina Power & Light Company 9 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant
2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Aquatic Vegetation
• A visual survey for troublesome aq atic vegetation was conducted in the Harris Auxiliary
Reservoir on October 15, 2001. The survey included traveling by boat along the reservoir
and intake canal shorelines looking r topped -out stands of hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) as
well as visiting shoreline locations where stands of hydrilla had previously grown. No
hydrilla was observed in the auxili reservoir. These observations indicate that stocking
grass carp effectively reduced the abi ndance of hydrilla.
A similar aquatic vegetation survey was conducted the same'day; in areas -just outside -of and -
in theHarris Reservoir main intake canal. This survey indicated the presence of hydrilla
growing in the main intake canal. Both shorelines of the main intake canal were covered
with dense stands of water primros (Jussiaea repens) and smartweed (Polygonum spp.).
These stands appeared to be similar in. density and coverage area to stands seen in previous
years. Hydrilla in the intake canald in the Thomas Creek area just outside the intake canal
was relatively more abundant in 200 than during 2000 due to the mild winter and warm, dry
summer. Similar levels of hydrillaowth have been observed in the past with no effect on
Harris Plant operations.
• No impacts to Harris Nuclear Plant operations from aquatic vegetation occurred during 2001.
NCLUSIONS
During 2001, the Harris Reservoir continued to show characteristics of a typical biologically
productive southeastern, reservoir with sasonally occurring oxygen -deficient subsurface waters,
elevated nutrient concentrations, and abu dant rooted, shallow -water aquatic plants.
The environmental monitoring program conducted during 2001 continued to provide an
assessment of the effects of the Harris Nuclear Plant's operation on the various components of
the aquatic environment. Most key indicators of the environmental quality in Harris Reservoir
were unchanged from the previous five ears. Nutrient concentrations have been a concern in
Harris Reservoir since phosphorous annitrogen concentrations increased rapidly in the late
1980s and early 1990s. Water quality as essments determined that nutrient concentrations have
remained stable since 1995 and at lev is acceptable for productive, southeastern reservoirs.
Carolina Power & Light Company
10 Environmental Services Section

Hams Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Assessments of other water quality parameters, including solids, turbidity, total organic carbon,
ions (calcium, chloride, magnesium, sodium, and sulfate), total alkalinity, hardness, and metals,
indicate few if any consistent, statistically significant spatial or temporal trends. None of these
variables were at concentrations that would be detrimental to the aquatic community.
No nuisance algal blooms, as indicated by chlorophyll a concentrations, or exotic mussels were
detected in the main reservoir during 2001. Reservoir -wide chlorophyll a concentrations
demonstrated no consistent statistically significant increasing trend for the period 1997-2001.
Hydrilla was relatively more abundant in the intake canal during 2001 compared to 2000. The
reduced size and extent of aquatic vegetation stands in the auxiliary reservoir indicates that grass
carp released in the fall of 1994, 1996, and 1997 continued to control the amount and area
coverage of hydrilla during 2001. No operational impacts have occurred at the Harris Nuclear
Plant because of aquatic vegetation biofouling.
REFERENCES
APHA. 1995. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 19th ed.
American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
CP&L. 1997. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1996 annual environmental monitoring
report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, NC.
1998. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1997 annual environmental monitoring
report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, NC.
1999. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1998 annual environmental monitoring
report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, NC.
2000. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 1999 annual environmental monitoring
report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, NC.
2001. Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant 2000 annual environmental monitoring
report. Carolina Power & Light Company, New Hill, NC.
Claudi, R., and G. L. Mackie. 1993. Practical manual for zebra mussel monitoring and control.
Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL.
NCDEM. .1992. North Carolina lake assessment report. Report No. 92-02. Water Quality
Section, Division of Environmental Management, North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC.
1994. Administrative code. Classification and water quality standards applicable to
Carolina Power & Light Company 11 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant
surface waters of North
Management, Department of
Strickland, J. D. H., and T. R. Paj
Bulletin No. 167 (2nd ed.). F
2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
ina. North Carolina Division of Environmental
onment, Health, and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC.
1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis.
Research Board of Canada.
Carolina Power & Light Company 12 Environmental Services Section

' Harris Nuclear Plant
24.6
25.3
24.6
2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Appendix 1.
Water
temperature,
dissolved oxygen,
conductivity, pH,
and Secchi disk
23.6
23.8
23.5
transparency
data collected
from Harris Reservoir during 2001.
22.8
23.4
23.2
4.0
23.1
21.7
January 23, 2001
1.4
5.0
Depth
Temperature
Dissolved oxygen Conductivity pH
Secchi disk depth
(m)
19.6
(°C)
19.7
0.2
(mg/L)
(/,,S/cm)
18.5
(m)
E2
H2
P2 -S2
E2
H2 P2
S2 E2 H2 P2
S2 E2 H2 P2 S2
E2 H2 P2 S2
0.2
6.2
6.8
5.9 6.8
12.1
13.0 12.5
10.9 81 73 73
89 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.5
1.4 1.8 1.5 1.8
1.0
6.2
6.8
5.9 6.8
12.1
13.0 12.4
10.9 81 73 73
89 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.5
13.0
2.0
6.2
6.4
5.9 6.7
12.1
13.0 12.3
10.8 81 72 73
92 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.5
3.0
6.1
6.3
5.9 6.7
12.1
13.0 12.3
10.3 81 72 73
93 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.5
4.0
6.1
6.3
5.8
12.1
13.0 12.3
81 72 73
6.9 6.9 6.7
5.0 -
6:1
_6.3 -5.8--
• .12.1
-13.0. 12:2
81 72 73
-6.9 -6:9- - 6.7- -
6.0
6.1
6.3
5.8
12.1
12.9 12.2
81 72 73
6.9 6.8 6.7
7.0
6.1
6.2
5.8
12.1
12.8 12.2
81 72 73
6.9 6.8 6.7
8.0
6.1
6.2
5.8
12.1
12.5 12.2
81 72 73
6.9 6.8 6.7
9.0
6.1
12.1
81
6.9
10.0
6.1
12.1
81
6.9
11.0
6.1
12.1
81
6.9
12.0
6.1
12.1
81
6.9
13.0
6.1
12.1
81
6.9
14.0
6.1
12.1
81
6.9
15.0
6.0
11.9
81
6.8
May 30, 2001
Depth
Temperature
Dissolved oxygen Conductivity pH
Secchi disk depth
(m)
(°C)
(mom)
(PS/cm)
(m)
E2
H2
P2 S2
E2
H2 P2
S2 E2 H2 P2
S2 E2 H2 P2 S2
E2 H2 P2 S2
0.2
24.6
25.3
24.6
24.6
1.0
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.0
2.0
23.6
23.8
23.5
23.8
3.0
23.5
22.8
23.4
23.2
4.0
23.1
21.7
22.8
1.4
5.0
21.4
20.6
20.8
0.3
6.0
19.6
20.1
19.7
0.2
7.0
18.2
18.5
18.3
8.0
17.8
17.5
17.7
0.1
9.0
17.3
17.2
0.1
10.0
16.6
0.1
11.0
16.0
12.0
15.4
0.0
13.0
14.9
0.0
14.0
14.1
15.0
13.6
16.0
13.6
17.0
13.5
12.1
11.7
11.0
10.2
12.4
12.2
11.2
9.6
12.6
12.2
11.2
9.2
12.1
8.4
10.2
1.2
10.4
5.3
8.2
5.9
1.3
3.2
1.4
0.8
1.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
171 120 122 123
122 118 121 121
119 117 119 120
119 117 118 124
118 117 118
118 116 119
121 117 118
124 120 119
124 126 121
121 128
119
118
117
118
122
124
126
129
7.8 7.7 6.7 6.3
7.9 7.7 6.9 6.5
8.0 7.7 6.9 6.5
7.9 7.7 6.9 6.4
7.7 7.6 6.8
7.7 7.4 6.8
7.5 7.3 6.7
7.5 7.2 6.7
7.4 7.1 6.6
7.3 7.0
7.3
7.2
7.2
7.1
7.0
7.0
6.9
6.9
1.4 1.4 1.2 0.9
Carolina Power & Light Company A-1 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant
2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Appendix 1 (continued)
July 2, 2001
Depth
Temperature
Dissolved
oxyg�n
Conductivity
pH
Secchi disk depth
(m)
(°C)
(mg/L)
(,US/cm)
(m)
E2
H2
P2
S2
E2
H2
P2
S2
E2 H2 P2 S2
E2
H2
P2
S2
E2 H2 P2 S2
0.2
28.5
30.9
30.1
30.6
8.4
9.2
8.4
8.9
119
123 123 119
6.7
6.8
6.7
6.3
1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1
1.0
28.5
30.3
30.1
30.4
8.5
9.4
8.6
9.1
119
122 123 119
6.8
6.9
6.8
6.5
2.0
28.5
30.2
30.0
30.2
8.6
9.5
8.8
9.0
119
121 123 119
6.8
6.9
6.8
6.5
3.0
28.2
28.9
29.5
29.5
8.2
7.9
8.5
4.6
118
117 122 115
6.8
6.9
6.8
6.5
4.0
27.8
24.6
25.2
27.9
6.9
1.0
0.2
0.5
117
111 121 115
6.8
7.0
6.8
6.4
5.0
26.4
22.8
21.4
--1-.7
0.2
0.1
115
.119 130
6.8
-6.8
6.6
6.0
21.7
20.5
20.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
141
131 132
6.8
6.7
6.5
7.0
20.9
19.9
19.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
144
136 133
6.6
6.6
6.4
8.0
19.9
19.3
19.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
142
138 136
6.4
6.5
6.3
9.0
19.4
19.1
18.9
0.0
0.1
0.0
141
139 137
6.3
6.3
6.3
10.0
19.4
18.4
0.0
0.0
136
141
6.3
6.2
11.0
17.7
0.0
134
6.3
12.0
17.1
0.0
133
6.2
13.0
16.1
0.0
134
6.2
14.0
14.7
0.0
146
6.2
15.0
14.5
0.0
148
6.2
16.0
14.3
0.0
154
6.1
November
29, 2001
Depth
Temperature
Dissolved oxyg
n
Conductivity
pH
Secchi disk depth
(m)
(°C)
(mg/L)
(YS/cm)
(m)
E2
H2
P2
S2
E2
H2
P2
S2
E2
H2 P2 S2
E2
H2
P2
S2
E2 H2 P2 S2
0.2
15.0
17.1
16.6
16.8
8.6
11.2
10.8
10.8
89
92 88 93
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.7
1.3 1.6 1.7 2.0
1.0
14.8
16.9
16.2
16.8
7.8
11.0
10.6
10.7
89
91 92 92
7.4
7.5
7.5
7.7
2.0
14.6
16.2
15.9
15.8
7.5
10.8
10.3
10.5
89
90 90 92
7.3
7.5
7.5
7.8
3.0
14.5
15.0
15.4
14.0
7.0
10.0
9.5
8.1
88
86 89 98
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.2
4.0
14.4
14.5
14.8
13.2
6.8
8.3
8.2
7.5
89
86 89 109
7.2
7.4
7.4
7.1
5.0
14.4
14.2
14.4
6.6
7.6
7.4
88
86 87
7.2
7.3
7.3
6.0
14.3
14.0
14.0
6.4
6.7
6.3
88
86 88
7.2
7.3
7.2
7.0
14.3
13.9
14.0
6.4
5.5
5.7
89
86 88
7.2
7.2
7.2
8.0
14.3
13.9
14.0
6.4
5.0
5.4
88
86 89
7.2
7.2
7.1
9.0
14.2
13.8
14.0
6.3
3.9
4.9
88
86 90
7.1
7.0
7.1
10.0
14.2
6.0
88
7.1
11.0
14.1
5.8
89
7.1
12.0
14.1
5.6
89
7.1
13.0
14.1
5.0
93
7.0
14.0
14.1
4.1
93
7.1
Carolina Power & Light Company
A-2
Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Appendix 2. Means, ranges, and spatial trends of selected limnological variables from the
surface waters of Harris Reservoir during 2001.+
Carolina Power & Light Company A-3 Environmental Services Section
Station
E2
H2
P2
S2
Variable
Solids (mg/liter)
Total
82
76
75
82
(52-94)
(37-94)
(38-91)
42-98)
Total dissolved;
7ab�
5
;67bb
69;;
a
82
(69 $3)
(48 80)h
(47'82)
(76 89)
Total suspended
3.9
2.6
2.1(3-.T-5.0)
(< 5-5)--- _
- (<-5--2.3) -
(< 5-4.2) -
Turbidity (NTU)
4.3
4.2
4.5
6.0
(2.8-6.6)
(2.3-6.1)
(3.2-5.8)
(4.9-7.2)
Secchi disk transparency (m)
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.5
(1.3-1.4)
(1.2-1.8)
(1.2-1.7)
(0.9-2.0)
Chlorophyll a (µg/liter)
15
17
12
8.9
(9.0-22)
(9.0-31)
(7.5-22)
(4.8-13)
Nutrients (mg/liter)
Ammonia -N
0.08
<0.10
0.11,
0.11
(< 0.05-0.13)
(<0.02-0.16)
(< 0.02-0.19)
(< 0.02-0.24)
Nitrate + Nitrite -N
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.02
(< 0.02-0.13)
(< 0.02-0.04)
(< 0.02-0.10)
(< 0.02-0.03)
Total nitrogen
0.67
0.65
0.61
0.61
(0.52-0.87)
(0.54- 0.79)
(0.48-0.75)
(0.47-0.72)
Total phosphorus
0.042
0.026
0.025
0.031
(0.026-0.074)
(0.021-0.030)
(0.020-0.030)
(0.017-0.039)
Total organic carbon (mg/liter)
8.5
8.4
8.2
8.6
(7.5-9.3)
(7.4-8.8)
(7.4-8.7)
(7.2-9.6)
Ions (mg/liter)
Calcium
3.8
3.7
3.6
4.1
(3.5-4.1)
(3.3-3.9)
(2.9-4.4)
(3.45.2)
Chloride
10
10
11
12
(12-14)
(9.0-11)
(10-12)
(9.2-14)
Magnesium
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.7
(1.0-2.0)
(1.1-1.8)
(<1.0-1.8)
(1.0-2.1)
Sodium12
11
11
12
(11-14)
(8.9-12)
(10-12)
(11-14)
Sulfate
16
15
15
15
(14-17)
(10-12)
(14-18)
(14-17)
12
14
14
16
Total alkalinity (mg/liter as CaCO3)
(7.0-15)
(13-15)
(12-15)
(12-23)
Hardness (calculated as mg
16
15
13
17
equivalents CaCO3/liter)
(13-18)
(14-17)
(3.1-18)
(14-22)
Conductivity (µS/cm)
103
102
102
106
(81-123)
(73-123)
(73-123)
(89-123)
Carolina Power & Light Company A-3 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant
Appendix 2 (continued)
2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
+Fisher's protected least significant difference test was applied only if the overall F test for the
treatment was significant. Me s followed by the same superscript were not significantly
different (P > 0.05)—see shad d row. Sample size equaled 4 for all variables unless
otherwise noted. The mean seplaration technique may yield separations that are obscured
by data rounding.
if This value is an action level, not
substances, which are generall,
life because of chemical forr
characteristics (NCDEM 1994)
NA = All measured values were less tr
Carolina Power & Light Company
r water quality standard. An action level is for toxic
not bioaccumulative and have variable toxicity to aquatic
, solubility, stream characteristics, or associated waste
yIan the laboratory lower reporting limit.
A-4 Environmental Services Section
N.C. water
Station
quality
Variable
standard
E4
H2
P2
S2
Metals (µg/liter)
Aluminum
None
< 5<
50
<50
50
N
NA
NA
(< 50-92)
Cadmium
2
< 015
< 0.5
< 0.5
< 0.5
NA
NA
NA
NA
Copper
711
2.
1.3
1.5
1.4
(1.2-
.0)
(< 1.0-3.0)
(< 1.0-2.0)
(< 1.0-2.0)
Mercury
0.012
< 0{2
< 0.2
< 0.2
< 0.2
NA
NA
NA
NA
+Fisher's protected least significant difference test was applied only if the overall F test for the
treatment was significant. Me s followed by the same superscript were not significantly
different (P > 0.05)—see shad d row. Sample size equaled 4 for all variables unless
otherwise noted. The mean seplaration technique may yield separations that are obscured
by data rounding.
if This value is an action level, not
substances, which are generall,
life because of chemical forr
characteristics (NCDEM 1994)
NA = All measured values were less tr
Carolina Power & Light Company
r water quality standard. An action level is for toxic
not bioaccumulative and have variable toxicity to aquatic
, solubility, stream characteristics, or associated waste
yIan the laboratory lower reporting limit.
A-4 Environmental Services Section

Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Appendix 3. Annual mean water chemistry variables from the surface waters of Harris
Reservoir 1997-2001.+
Variable
Solids (mg/liter)
Total
Total dissolved
Total suspended¶
Turbidity (NTU)
Secchi disk transparency (m)
Chlorophyll a (µg/liter)
Nutrients (mg/liter)
Year
1997
1998
20 17
1999
2000
2001
_
`$.lbr _ . . _ . 7'66~ 85b..
Metals (µg/liter)
54b
68a -:76a
-5 'b
78a
Aluminum
76b...
Cadmium
54b
69a 73a 58b
73a
<6
4
3. Sa' 2 6 ."k 1 `Cb
<5
<5
<5
5.7
5.8
Mercury
8.9
6.2
4.8
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.5
1.4
2?__�._.14b.�
20abj
13b
.,_.
Ammonia -N. < 0.07 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05. 0.10
Nitrate +nitrite -N O OSab O 04ab 0 08w U.03 0 03b
Total nitrogen 0.74 0.56 0.62 0.58 0.63
Total phosphorus
Total organic carbon (mg/liter)
Ions (mg/liter)
Calcium
Chloride
Magnesium
Sodium
Sulfate -
Total alkalinity (mg/liter as CaCO3)
0.034 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.031
72bc s 7 Bab 8 3a 8 4a
3.7 5.3 3.9 3.6 3.8
866. 93b12a lla F
1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.9
Hardness (mg equivalents CaCO3/liter)
16
20 17
16
16
Conductivity {µS/cm)
_
`$.lbr _ . . _ . 7'66~ 85b..
Metals (µg/liter)
Aluminum
76b...
Cadmium
< 0.5
< 0.5 < 0.5
< 0.5
< 0.5
Copper
3. Sa' 2 6 ."k 1 `Cb
Mercury
< 0.2
< 0.2 < 0.2
< 0.2
< 0.2
+Fisher's protected least significant difference test was applied only if the overall F test for the
treatment was significant. Means followed by the same superscript were not significantly
different (P > 0.05) -see shaded rows. Data were rounded to conform to significant digit
requirements. The mean separation technique may yield separations that are obscured by
data rounding.
¶In June 1998, the lower reporting limits (LRLs) changed for total suspended solids from 6 to
3 mg/L and in 1999, the LRLs changed for total suspended solids from 3 to 5 mg/l.
fie
Carolina Power & Light Company A-5 Environmental Services Section

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Harris Nuclear Plant 2001 Environmental Monitoring Report
Appendix 4 (continued)
+Units are in mg/L except for trace elements (tg/L), turbidity (NTU), total alkalinity (mg/L as
CaCO3), and hardness (calculated as mg equivalents CaCO3/Q.
Carolina Power & Light Company A-7 Environmental Services Section
Station S2
Month
Alkalinity
Hardness CI
SO4
Cat+
Mgt+
Na+
TN
NH3-N
NO3 + NO2 -N
Jan
23
22
14
14
5.2
2.1
14
0.69
0.07
0.03
May
14
14
12
17
3.8
1.0
13
0.72
0.24
< 0.02
Jul
12
17
9.2
14
3.9
1.7
11
0.54
0.12
< 0.02
Nov
14
16
12
15
3,4
1.8
11
0.47
< 0.02
< 0.02
Month
TP
TOC
Turbidity
TS
TDS
TSS
Al
Cd
Cu
Hg
TN:TP
Jan
0.036
8.5
5.4
92
84
< 5.0
<50
<0.5
< 1.0
-< 0.20
19
May
0.039
9.2
6.5
98
89
4.2
92
< 0.5
2.0
< 0.20
18 -
Jul
0.030
9.6
4.9
95
80
3.6
57
< 0.5
2.0
=<=0.20
18
Nov
0.017
7.2
7.2 -
42
76
2.2
<50
< 0.5
1.1
< 0.20
28
+Units are in mg/L except for trace elements (tg/L), turbidity (NTU), total alkalinity (mg/L as
CaCO3), and hardness (calculated as mg equivalents CaCO3/Q.
Carolina Power & Light Company A-7 Environmental Services Section

T3