Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout20170393 Ver 1_670189 Archaeological AR15-04-0022 NoSitesPresent_20170403Project Tracking No.: 15-�4-��ZZ NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES o� '��' �� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES -�� �, �a � � PRESENT FORM � �' �� ! � `�p .�° � This form onl ertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this ro ect. It is not �`�� �¢ �� YP P J '�;. •..:.:....:� 8 �-,�`.�"`-¢-� valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the ��..,�a� Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group. PROJECT INFORMATION Project No: N/A WBS No F.A. No. 17BP.7.R.98 N/A Federal Permit Required? County: ORANGE Document: Attachment G Funding: � State ❑ Federal ❑ Yes ❑ No Permit Type: ? Project Description: NCDOT Division 7 proposes to replace Bridge No. 189 on SR 1140 (Buckhorn Road) over Cane Creek in Orange County. As defined by the NCDOT, the survey area (Area of Potential Effects [APE]) for archaeology measures approximately 1,056 feet (321.87 meters) long (centered on the mid-point of the existing bridge). The study corridor is approximately 100 feet (30.48 meters) wide, extending 50 feet (15.24 meters) on each side of the centerline of the roadway/bridge. For the purposes of this review, the APE is estimated to encompass an area of slightly more than 2.42 acres (approximately .98 hectare). SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS An archaeological survey and evaluation of the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 189 on SR 1140 (Buckhorn Road) over Cane Creek was conducted on February 18, 2016 by Terri Russ and Reese Adams of Environmental Services, Inc. (ESI). As a result of the investigations, no archaeological sites were located within the project's APE. No further archaeological investigations are needed for this project. I concur with this recommendation as the proposed bridge replacement project will not impact significant archaeological resources. If the project expands and impacts subsurface areas beyond the defined APE, further archaeological consultations will be necessary. The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject project and determined: �� � /1 � // There are no National Register listed or eligible ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present within the project's area of potential effects. (Attach any notes or documents as needed) No subsurface archaeological investigations were required for this project. Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources. Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources considered eligible for the National Register. All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 1 of 15 Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions: SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION See attached: � Map(s) ❑ Previous Survey Info Signed: �. • . - NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST Project Tracking No.: 15-�4-��ZZ ❑Correspondence March 29, 2016 Date "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 2of15 Project Tracking No.: 1 S-�/�l-��ZZ Bridge 189 AR15-04-0022 An archaeological survey and evaluation of the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 189 on SR 1114 (Buckhorn Road) over Cane Creek in Orange County, North Carolina was conducted on February 18, 2016 by Terri Russ and Reese Adams of Environmental Services, Inc. (Figures 1 and 2). As defined by the NCDOT, the survey area (Area of Potential Effects [APE]) for archaeology measures approximately 1,056 feet (321.87 meters) long (centered on the mid-point of the existing bridge). The study corridor is approximately 100 feet (30.48 meters) wide, extending 50 feet (15.24 meters) on each side of the centerline of the roadway/bridge. Background Summary A map review and site file search conducted by NCDOT at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) on 23 Apri12015 revealed that no comprehensive archaeological survey of this bridge has been conducted, and no previously recorded sites have been documented within the project's APE; however, in his predictive model for the distribution of archaeological sites in Orange County, Randy Daniel (1994:95-97) indicated that the upland areas within the Cane Creek drainage should be considered to have a high probability of containing prehistoric (and possibly historic) artifact scatters. Two archaeological sites (310R197 and 310R215**) have been identified in close vicinity to the project APE and are described below. Site 310R197 is a prehistoric lithic scatter recorded by Trawick Ward during an archaeological survey for the proposed Cane Creek Reservoir (Ward 1978). The site is located in an agricultural field along a hill top outside of the eastern edge of the APE and consisted of two metavolcanic flakes and one unidentified quartz biface. This site was not assessed for its National Register of Historic Places (National Register) eligibility. Site 310R215**, also recorded as part of the Cane Creek Reservoir study, is the location of Thompson's Mill. The mill was constructed in 1813 and remained in operation through the 1930s (Ward 1978: 14). The milldam was restored in the 1970s by the current property owner Edward Johnson. A search of the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office online database (HPOWEB GIS Service) revealed no previously recorded historic architectural resources located within the APE that have the potential to yield intact archaeological deposits. Topographic maps, aerial photography, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) soil survey maps, and historic maps were examined for information on natural or cultural factors that might have affected site locations or preservation. The 1918 soils map, ca. 1910-1919 Rural Delivery Route map, 1938 Orange County highway map, and 1968 topographic quadrangle map all appear to show the current general road and bridge location (Figures 3-6). No structures are depicted within or immediately adjacent to the APE. The 1938 aerial photograph of the project area shows a slightly different alignment far the road than later aerial photographs (Figure 7). The 1955 aerial photograph shows remnants of this old road bed (Figure 8). Environmental Setting The APE is located within the Piedmont physiographic region and consists of the floodplain and adjacent terraces of Cane Creek. Buckhorn Road (SR ll 14) crosses Cane Creek roughly northwest to southeast. Cane Creek drains southwest into the Haw River. Map units (soil series) are named for the major soil or soils within the unit, but may have minor inclusions of other soils (NRCS 2014). The relatively narrow floodplain of the APE is mapped as Chewacla loam, a somewhat poorly drained, frequently flooded soil series (Table 1). The soils along the "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" farm for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 3of15 Project Tracking No.: 1 S-�/�l-��ZZ steeply sloping terraces on either side of Cane Creek within the APE are mapped as well drained Goldston channery silt loam (15-45% slopes). Georgeville silt loam is mapped at both ends of the APE. Soil Name Chewacla loam, freq. flooded Georgeville silt loam Georgeville silt loam Goldston channery silt loam Table 1: Project Area Soils. Code Slope Drainage Ch 0-2% Somewhat Poorly GeB 2-6% Well GeC 6-10% Well G1F 15-45% Well Landform Floodplains Interfluves Hillslopes Hillslopes on Ridges The current archaeological investigation included pedestrian (visual) inspection and shovel testing within the APE. Photographs of the project area are shown as Figures 9-16. A systematic visual inspection of the APE was undertaken to search for surface artifacts, above-ground resources, or other signs of cultural activity. A total of 27 shovel tests were excavated during the current investigation (see Figure 2 for shovel test locations). The APE was divided into four quadrants (e.g., northeast, southeast) based roughly on their locations relative to the bridge. Each quadrant of the APE is described below. Southeast Quadrant The southern half of the southeast quadrant of the APE consists of a fallow field; the remainder of this quadrant of the APE is located along a fairly steep rocky, wooded side slope (see Figures 9-10). Eight shovel tests were excavated in this portion of the project area. Soils in the excavated shovel tests consisted of up to 25 centimeters of yellowish red loam and quartz over red silty clay loam or clay subsoil. No artifacts were recovered from any of the excavated shovel tests. A visual inspection of the southeast quadrant of the APE revealed no surface artifacts, structural remains, or other evidence of past human activity. A large amount of quartz material was scattered throughout the APE and adj acent field; however, none of this material appeared to be culturally modified. Southwest Quadrant The southwest quadrant of the APE consists of a wooded and rocky side slope (see Figures 11-12). Seven shovel tests were excavated in this portion of the APE (STs 16-22). Shovel tests encountered 10 to 15 centimeters of grayish brown or brown rocky loam over reddish brown clay subsoil. No artifacts were recovered from any of the excavated shovel tests. A visual inspection of the southwest quadrant of the APE revealed no surface artifacts or structural remains. Northeast Quadrant The northeast quadrant of the project area consists of a wooded upland terrace sloping steeply toward Cane Creek (see Figures 13-14). Eight shovel tests were excavated in this portion of the APE (STs 26— 33; see Figure 2). Shovel tests encountered 10 centimeters of light grayish brown rocky loam over reddish brown clay subsoil. No artifacts were recovered from any of the excavated shovel tests. Northwest Quadrant The northwest quadrant of the APE is located along the side slope of a wooded upland terrace sloping south-southeast toward Cane Creek (see Figures 15-16). A soil berm planted in hemlock trees follows the curve of the road in the northernmost portion of this quadrant of the APE. Only four shovel tests (STs 34-37) were excavated in this portion of the APE, as the majority of this portion of the APE exhibited steep slope. Soils in the excavated shovel tests consisted of 10 centimeters or less of very rocky grayish "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" farm for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 4of15 Project Tracking No.: 1 S-�/�l-��ZZ brown loam over light reddish brown clay loam subsoil ar rock. No artifacts were recovered from any of the excavated shovel tests. Excavated shovel tests measured 30 centimeters in diameter and were excavated to sterile subsoil, bedrock, hydric/saturated soils, the water table, or 75 centimeters below surface (whichever was encountered first). All soils were excavated by natural levels (soil strata) and screened through a 0.25- inch hardware mesh. No artifacts were recovered from any of the shovel tests. Based on the results of the background research and field investigations, no archaeological resources are located within the APE for Bridge No. 189 in Orange County. It is recommended that this project be allowed to proceed without concern for impacts to significant cultural resources. Should the boundary of the proposed APE be expanded or moved, additional archaeological investigations may be necessary, as determined in consultation with the NCDOT and/or SHPO per the Programmatic Agreement. 1:7�1�i�1:��1►[�.Y�1YY�i17 Daniel, I. Randolph, Jr. 1994 An Archaeological Survey of Portions of Orange County, North Carolina. Research Report No. 12. Research Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. National Geographic Society/ESRI 2011 White Cross, North Carolina. I-cubed Seamless USGS Quadrangle. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) 2014 Orange County, North Carolina Soil Survey. Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture Web Soil Survey. http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.� accessed 2 February 2016. North Carolina State Highway and Public Works Commission 1938 Orange County Highway Map. On file, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/sin�leitem/collection/ncmaps/id/1711/rec/34 accessed 1 February 2016. United States Bureau of Soils: North Carolina Department of Agriculture 1918 Soil Map, North Carolina, Orange County Sheet. On file, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/313/rec/27 accessed 3 February 2016. United States Deparhnent of Agriculture (USDA) 1938 USDA Historic Aerial Photographs, Orange County, North Carolina. Digitized by University Libraries, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. http://www2.lib.unc.edu/reference/gis/iJSDA/orange_1938/index.html accessed 4 February 2016. 1955 ZISDA Historic Aerial Photographs, Orange County, North Carolina. Digitized by University Libraries, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. http://www2.lib.unc.edu/reference/gis/USDA/orange_1955/index.html accessed 4 February 2016. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" farm for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. Sof15 Project Trackdng No.: 15-04-0022 United States Geological Survey (USGS) 1968 White Cross North, N.C., 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map. Historical Topographic Map Collection. http://historicalmaps.arcgis.com/us�s/ accessed 3 February 2016. United States Post Office Department 1919 Rural Delivery Routes, Orange County, N. C., between 1910 and 1919. On file, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/6666/rec/21 accessed 3 February 2016. Ward, Trawick 1978 An Archaeological Survey of the Cane Creek Reservoir, Orange County, North Carolina. Ms. On file, Research Laboratories of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 6of15 Project Tracking No.: I 5-04-0022 ,, , ✓ � ► � � ` 'w • �. �� _��J � -.. . � . 1 i:i � ;' �`� _ . . -`-'_ � , . " �'�„`��` � - ;�`�t� ! 1 � � `� �, `ti.. ��jr �'�� -- �. N ���- ti„ � 6 . � _ � ��-=-- --� -� --� � - ,� � �, �..�-�- _ - �� � � � � '} � ,}V! l ��� ; ; __� � � � � ' /,' ,I, � �,•',.•����.�'/`` _ _�. . I;�' i �. -� � • : �/ '; ► (� `��- .�<<' � �� � ( ' t /�� � L."� �' � ' _` �� '' � S, � . � � � � �� - � . i �� � , _ • _ � i , i /r'. : % � ' :� % --_ _ � . - � � f � �� �� � ��� �ti� � � � � � � 'S _ '�. I�' +�,�� i t� � . � /� f � ,� � C"� \��, �',� � � " �`j� � - ' � , ., - ti' ; � � � , •��i��' %±��� ` ��{y.' • l � /J .. = _ . _ `I ��y � � il.:, ' _ .'1 � �� f �� 1 � /��� �' ,. y r . - ! b~ -'� ' � � � •"i3 j � �,,� �t', � � � � ,� - -�;` . + � `._. �// . , � ` , , ti_ ; , , : - t � f ,_"� .r ` � , �.: ' � /r � �.,! 1 ` .. %�r �•�, • �,r �� ' � 1 ' YI � . , j� � I�/ ' �— '� ' •1 +` ��\_/ � f I � LL � Z ra \ ' i �//�/��.� -�� 1 � 4y�` ' _ ' y `• ��� 1•�` \ � ��\. �� � f//� �_�� . .'i' , l_ � �.��~ _ ++ " 1 '• F � ' � � \ �. 1 I � � 1 l ` ��� � �1• � f ���" � 4� _� / � J,/ ' � . •'\� � Y 1,\ � �,-\ � �I � '( 1 . _—� L/ � ���� l� \,� -��� �i t� "\ , �'� / ��� �� f_' + . i �! i_'� y"� �1 I` �� — � �� ��— � �__ _ . � �� �` ' i � , � � �� ' ' ��� � �'� �. ,� �� �i � � � � � �; `.. , '� � - 1J � ... ���� , ..�"`--'� _ � `� �� en '\ •�y' r-� 9F`� � ���'�,� ` 1M1 � , ' ��i �� � � �.. 1 d ' I -- � '� l � i. � � �.. i : �' S-`. t�y 4 .i�r., . i�� � � �:., �.= i �[" � � � - I� `'" "� � , i !_ ��� � . `�r �' �' r f � r �`- _ _ t�� �� / �� - _ , � ,�, � . ��� � , :, , i � _�' `-� �_ � ���, '�� � �j '� , f - . ��'`�= ' = _. �,.�`' r�.`l-� � a �` ` ' T� � _ � ' ' ! A��—��� �C?,� _ ' .''i� ) � � - •fl '`-=�- - •'�� .___ � ;�,'� `�``r .. �- ' . �' �-= 1.`` �„ -',r ` , '� '� i �,/� � 1 .F . s _ . �` , ' �f ' � L~_ � �� ��`-� ~ � . � '� �`� . -� \� % . - ,.��"�'��.� _ � �,ti-. ) � � j ' J/ 1 � � �,�-r �\ 'r �a�; / 1 , , �',,�� ��. fiy ' � "�'{ � � � ,�-� ° - - � ( ; �.�-,; � � �� �� ,� -�-� � /� .���� , � -- - � � - _ �- �� r� ( � � � o eoo �oao ' �--��� �n�•�J � � { 'S 7b � '"1 � � ( r � ' � i . � ._� � � � �. '� i� a. F�et �, /� � I � �� � r Soarce:2911 Na[ional Geographic5acietylESRI, i-cubed ��,�-' / J �.� � '_ -- seamless USGS quadrangles (Whi[e Cross, NC)�, Project �� �� J� ��' • F3oun4ary Rrvv�Aed 6y NGPQT, Fie7d�work Gy ESI. r � , C'-/�. � i � � /.--� i � � . -.x . � /� � I � / � o�sae�4n,e� Tns �nrurma�'�on aer��c�ea on cros n9��e is ro� '_i "� � iii -� ' _ � inf4rmatrenal ovrpo�.ees only and w not v�epared for, znd is not - � ' , � . /' ! � su�itableforlegaloren8�aigeering puiposes_ l.� �' ' f:nnvrCnhY Figure 1. Project Location (White Cross, NC USGS 7.5-Minute Topographic Quadrangle) `NO NATIONAL REGISTER FLIGIBL.E OR LLSTF.D ARCHAF,OI,OGICAL Sl1'F,S PRESF.NT" form for Minor Tran.r/�orlatio�a Projects as Qualif ed in !he 2007 Pr�ogr�ammafic Agreemenf. 7of15 Project Tracking No.: I 5-04-0022 � ,,..� , f. � �,/` a� � P�oject Boundary (APE) R t ,�r t .�' , ,r % ;' < .• }� '.r � . r �� � Shovel Test- Negative l �� • �' Y . ��jx1 �• � a' f� _> '� ' w'w�'` � Shovel Test- Not Dug !�� •, f�, : i� • , r 7\T �' ff ~` , ` /w i • � � � : .�l r / � lY j.,�, . f f} ;�. ',r. , �%.i_ / .�,'.� 0 75 15p ^ �,r „+1 { � s ���7' ��/j#� • I ' ' 4� !�. '� �lI ' ' , �{ � .� ;) 'y. ! ��. _ +' � (� �' Feet r - �fl� . �` '� f / � , � � .. � �'r� : � �` t ,I'� . �.�+ • s s � � ...� . � � '� . t �, Source ESRI wodd base layers Proje t Ra� ndary ��'�, .� , t 1��� ' s,� j . -, pwvided by NC�OT. :y �4 +f J/ ! . . � , �• .. 4 y�/� .. �' ,y.��(� . � I I�� � y� � r�+�" 6 I �. The i t. t d p t d th� fg re s for .,�• � ���k`� �� q�,.. u�' � inb�m�l o af �.�ppses� o ly a d as oE p epa 2d �ar and =... �}��' r � ��, .( l� � t �. �� % �� �, j� '� J �� i�Gle fo I g I or eig�ne o�:pases ' � �f`� �/ I 1�. � Y. � � � r ` � �� .� ." f � t S. � � • �.r l ' � . ✓ � � � � 1 Y - X � �+ 33 �-�• � r �... ♦ ...,.i' �• �:,� � R :' : . % �y ��' r! � ' ��, '! t , ��I r'.. + ,.. , e.r���' � �' %A� • r� y'/ � . ♦ ,` Q' �'fRl��� '•��r�ny, � • � �/y�r� � ~ ��"r,� �,'� ./� � '34 � .� •�' �f.. / �',) . 'r � `� � .�.;� �. { i. F � . . �:� 7 �, � �'� Y �p ,y � ��1 ,4,.�f; - �� ", ! �l.r , ,,� � l,, +�"'' , A �` � � °r°'� ,�s 'i�. ;.b %� ;'�« � �.; � �, . _, • „'�. ry��.��:` / •�? �' !�'• /f . . 'v. !�w�+i' r'',' � �` 3G, `+ l, � � .�' �` ' t n ♦ i • �.V11 • 'w. �} / .(• � . 4 p+ �. �' ,%� E � f � � ,1�3F; .. � t�f ��I a� 1�. �• � :. T �. , � ,�, .► ,� � �� .' , . „1 � ''�� . � 'p�� � � 1 - /. . ��. 'iN� � � Y � � � { .r� ��� , ` t �/ � � . ' � 73r��' . . ��'� ' , f. a . �• . � p: 'r_ � 1 �y• r �y�,� �•'�/ .� ' • �ti`r' ZP + �.,. : . t .: ; � �, �. , �- .i j(� � . ` •� : f,1 �'ir ;F �"7P' . . �'ii�,,� � � � , /' ,� ` s� : � ��� i.,k�'���Y � .' - l� �ti. � � ', r A� C i i ' � .'! � �.1 lr ti , , ,�, .�. , , { , � :,�� �, �. :�� ,�. �,.�,,,,� , , , , � � �. ,��. . r , � �,.. ' • . r , � ' �,s� � � j,���'� J,�:. ,� • �; � �Y�' i! A'-�. ,L� � _ +r�, r* zu � '+r � �' ' �. ' 1�. { y YT!�/ ` �r,G ',/.�'; � ; � • 1k. 'R�,,4� '- �� : �., � '�.. ,.�� ,,�,, r'�,aA, r <:. ;�i. �� .�'* ,w., � �k � .r� : �!� z'�, ;-��� v- �>}. '� � � ��' �� �'�. • . �, r �. A ' �L4 .. �° J r,� � '�dI`� . �� . �. .23 wi�i, ��'���• �''K� �Y���I. ,t ,�' ^�a . . . 4� �r, y:�. J�.� �1' / �..,t�+� 4. � ti'�} �� /� ;.. 1•.%r ' %' .� . � f• -t' 7i'i�' �� _{R� �'•\,,. � �h / 4 . 1 �., w`��,��• �. ��� � s j�, -.� i ��,I.�. l� ! d,. �� ;�� �1y44- 1 14 r „y�*�GCi` 3� '� s� � / a�:�y4 ��� a ',r ,t. '� � as �.„ . ' I�' �; . +� . ,, ji,� , r�._. �.s, t 2 .::.• ., �_. '� ���,. _} � ; .. . r n ��'� ►, j � '�► • f•,. ' M �,�j �Ar: ' � � . { -� �•�,, a �S'' � 4 '�• r�,, r '- ' y �;'�� �1 '�.r'd�'_ +,� ' \ 14 . Y;�` ` _�-y �, . � �, � � _ i. , . . !�. � i . ♦ � ,�� .}� '� �1J f � y�� 1 jr -�-i� �� s �.� ,� 1` � y�`�'� '' f- .i ���, +, � . � 7 y ,�� /t '�� ' _� , • ';+`' ` �,� i''� :# /i� s d.. �y� `, � �,", 11r`{;'' ix •t -� �'.4�.�,���- �N �,' J �� „i :�Y ` ✓ '1,�'/ %' I, 4� ,�+ `'� //+' 1i• �4 �'y 4 � j� ,77"�'� t �I� t �]� /J �Y � ' �Y �� � �� �i� � � 1 ,I � � P �. �� ^ �'" � /' �V. �:'• %� 1 . �.� �i'�.y/ ��, ��� {.%� n��d�� 1�:. �, ' ���_ _.-.. - � , ' -, ! �. ' � �iy -r'� �f ' � I �, 1�� � • ' . ' �t �� �( �� �' ` � � �. y�'i, or ��,z �`I ��y' i � r 'Y � ;� r� �� �F� �v � l �t�•��`g��' �:. �, ";� :,f,�'r • � � ��'".�'�'."•� '� � ��� '� �r``f• ,y Kx> r ��� ,�� ' � ' � j _ . � �, r � "� ' „ '�' ` ,, � ` t ' �.� � r -_ . {,� .r�. � � ai i_•: , � � y..r • r���' •��� y,��'�/'� �` , �,r , , , �-;. �.. � . x�. ,a� �� _ '� i� . �} . '�'. .�,. 'i�� , ,��t �4,�� i�; .f�"��/,�f��4 ��.�� Zi�� � +t� •:.., �' �� � � �.��r k�%�' �� .�.�7� .i �I 't,�!'7�'w �...Y�- � �. _�# ' d +i ��y � � :� L '�' [` .[ . .1/ .�'� '�, . � �j`r' ' �' �„T"�ryry^����) �'� 1 Y f% + .r. --.:li �� � .t�., y�i �Y �� +' ' �I� / , `f► •�� t/ F� , f ` 3 �� �.� � . N ��qfi 1"si � �� rt i < /:� Y- �Z l�"�� . a� � M .�i`�`^� .�{ ���. ,k �_ � �� . .r,�' / � �.t� t -,M�7 `� / r � � : , A T�"j��y•�s, �' r �ii n { t '( � �: �• it�r� � 1 r � /7 .'J�' �!r' ' _ V 1 � . ��i�L �. . , � ��' . •. t . r . . ., � "S� Figure 2. Bridge No. l89 APE and Shovel Test Locations `NO NATIONAL REGISTER FLIGIBLE OR LLSTF.D ARCHAF,OI,OGICAL Sl1'F,S PRESF.NT" form for Minor Tran.r/�orlatio�a Projects as Qvalif ed in !he 2007 Pr�ogr�ammafic Agreemenf. 8of15 � s' ^�,,��. s � �a • � .. ' J f" �. ^� r• 1 � � Approximate Project Area - { . . �, �,,, . +„7r : , �`,�, , � �. ,, �i'' - �•�' '� .{ , �� .-,._ ; . � . Figure 3. ca. 1910-1919 Rural Delivery Route, Orange County _ _���[ '��� ' �ia� � �� '� h �,p.r , '� . ' � s � �r,�, 'L s�>�-�, _� _ � �� � �, . ,� � M . • .._-� Q� �?�°K `� � �, �.._ C _ t � ,. & _ � � �\"^ h� 1 � � �'.. AI Project Tracking No.: I 5-04-0022 �� ` �` ! r _,�' I/ � i41 � ' �` �ti, > /' 7 � �� �,�' Sl A �� � ��. � _�-- �` .1 % Fr � �,< ��� � - �i' . 'P-'.1� , .. , �r" Approxikmate Project Area "__R ' _. � I' ' . ��— �� � _- -"�� _f ,� - _ Gs ��� ' » � f � ��� � -�:: - I' � ¢3��-" AI C� � -> � � ��`�, •C)`r�,�G�,u �p�� `� �= G � Gs 1Y • �" A1 L ta .�/� �,�- �-' f � • - ��1 � �:ti, d's Mtn�`, ` ,��s '� � � S �^,�� / C I `��'` ��� -- � '►a-=� - __ :=4�a'k����k,,� y, --t�+''� - e�' , v=�`` s It', ati � ' � ',�` _�' . _ - -� _ �;* Gs�� � � • ' ���- - .`. Figure 4. 1918 Soils Map of Orange County `NO NATIONAL REGISTER FLIGIBLE OR LLSTF.D ARCHAF,OI,OGICAL Sl1'F,S PRESENT" form for Minor Tran.r/�orlatio�a Projects as Qualif ed in !he 2007 Pr�ogr�ammafic Agreemenf. 9of15 Project Tracking No.: I 5-04-0022 � '� - - . + ��� y#,� . . . , s�' :� . � � • � t� ��� , ` i �_ � �� . _ , ,_ ' -�-. , C' . , . �° � J�� ' , .. -� ' � /- � �, Approxim�ate Project Area '1 r +i' �� 7 � }. � �, ' � _. � � • �������� � � ' �` � viav�� : ..�. '�� ,' + -� = -f`�' s • �t�OSO �S �,r, , ► if �„�' � � s �- '� i � R OA� QS �r'' , ` � `!' tj' ' � - ��,-� y�`" ��. , � . � , � ,,.,\_ � , + i_ � ` ( �4 x'� ,�r ��F�rr - ''7 � �, '; '( ,'�i�� � .� Figure 5. 1938 Orange County Highway Map 5 5 7 �' �`— � , �,�.� ;�."`� . � `�� � �� /r � �I :, � Figure 6. 1968 USGS Topographic Quadrangle (White Cross, NC) `NO NATIONAL REGISTER FLIGIBLE OR LLSTF.D ARCHAF,OI,OGICAL Sl1'F,S PRESF.N1'" form for Minor Tran.r/�orlatio�a Projects as Qualif ed in !he 2007 Pr�ogr�ammafic Agreemenf. 10 Of l5 �•'r �.. �_'� .�, I r3 � ia�, ��^.4' . _ " y�. �, �F.--i.� ', �n;.� ` � � 4 r I J�L�'rti';�� �`M`��/ .- , r ' �.{�{` y� yt $rS� ,� � / � ¢ ..�� �s� �;.r�.'F �i "' .4 t ,�sY � : �, �� 1��� �,y�: � �;� ."�`. ta �' �f. ', . _ kr v ■�+s+i * ' !d �� ,�►'. Ci 't��. V �. � ♦ ,y ry �����}� � r ���II�` ��.!Y � �y�'�' �f'n. ��,� . t�pK. • s:� a^�.. ,4';,�e . •� � . �+ � .� �,y� /• �'If'dlY:�'. , . '.. Project Tracking No.: I 5-04-0022 f � �r`' ;r L: .�,.*� , ' _ P : � - - ���� � �{',�jT- l � / • y�,�ll • 4� � � � f .,w� .R �� r ��-��,�,.e � . � "��}� ��r� , 'r ."`.� r �rp`?, : � `'.'' '� ��• . �v • i '° t� t Y f � • , ! , �" `��{�� - r r . ," :.x'• . . � , . � �' . . - « ► „ ^,, • ' ,, .i i � � . .. . � ,. � • ,; .�}•s� " �;� • a �- •' � :r t ,. � � ,' t -, . a; ,t,a�;-,. r . " i r;r• ��y"'I�i .. �.-� �� �,j � � . ,.}�`'7Rti iA p� �,, -✓� ��� `�jl. •�J�yy �`? t+• �; 4�'�1 ' �� V^» y• 1�' iY"' ,. 'x3;�, (,� t .- t � �^ .�°F�=�"":.F 'r�.�F! ��:� �il :: ! f �� ° 1'.i *�L �'��'► '� : . w �ys� � • y "�,• �` 1 `� �� : � _ • ��, �' e Y - � � � , y � . � _ i 7a'�i� s>� S. �� , .: . +'ti� 1+ " �� F ' �'�„�:', -�,w � t ,,�;� . `;s ,�� � .y r�� �,� ._ . ,, � , + , � r #�p� � �� ��_s�.f`� ` �' � . � � - 4 F,�' � / , .� �„�;�.� •;�.;���', ;.-h.. r �a' � J . !� �� , w'�'�!. i, , •. �. ��'M� �� J r��. ��� _ � _ i _. . ..• ..�'" . �♦...f�.�^ I� � k . .� Y- Figure 7. 1938 Aerial Photograph of Projcct Area Showing Old Road Alignment r� --'' � � , �'r ���tt �^a �. ,- ,�p �. .� w� .� , � , �, �. �.~ i� i -�:. �'Si �� � � �2'1Y r:��. �; • h Y r�y.. t . '�" -j . ¢' � g SJ �L��,��. �ti �� � •* v.e .�. , �. ' �� `r, �: - 7. 'ny '.'<+ _ - ' A._ � . r � 71' .. .. ` � Y ,._i. ` �R� �. ^` , ... � � ': �i� " . . -0 . � s �'k' ` V � ;T` ` . . �' � , •�1' '�'� �` i . � .1.. ` } ,y; '� ` i�: �j ,��!i+� • �^ �- ,�i � k � }�.', �, � ` , ` �,, �*+M ; � ` :�: �-�� • � � � "��t' '. +1 � ��i' � ` �`• ' ' �,� �, ; . ,�� . • ti* W r' ro y�-� .� ►, �� e„ .�- � .,'� Y a . t„�� , �. ` -� ♦ h ��� . � _ » ��+;,�.'� ' . :�. '• '`k�'8� ^ ;,r t��'t�`��Yr�!� • �'�'��t ", ,C � , � �� . � , . L�, .b ��r i e'� F '�:. �. �" ". �%'' . r� A - �e�, s_..�¢�K* .�^ a. ' �y� . . . . � ' y �.�� (�'�" ' 31 � - # '�• . : i * C �"4-� ' . !�� n � a v,� r'� " ti� x�`'� , i,- '�"+ `j � '� "�'e �. � L7�/�- 1� '� y.y ♦ � : u � �:�^ 1Y•'L� r. l\ � r^../� .�, ��.9����� �T�;S f'j 1 \'tiK' •� , y '.� � � ti� ��� ���t;� �. .. � . . A'` � �* _ 'j�r , S'1'��.� 9k +�` � � . {t,.��� ���� 1,$,: r y 1' � ' `x � 1 ..�a •�� ^� �� e�� 4 �'• ��� '�ii 1�'�y,�'M .a� 0. S `r z' - t �. . �"'1A. i-` �1� �.'� Y��1 . ��+� • � . � ,�''��S-C` � .. . � _� ,.� ' - L� i x .�� l .4'�j�.. � ' - � . , e � ,+�`�!, '� Figure 8. 1955 Aerial Photograph of Project Area Showing Current Road Alignment `NO NATIONAL REGISTER FLIGIBLE OR LLSTF.D ARCHAF,OI,OGICAL Sl1'F,S PRESENT" form for Minor Tran.r/�orlatio�a Projects as Qualif ed in !he 2007 Pr�ogr�ammafic Agreemenf. 11 Of l5 Project Tracking No.: I 5-04-0022 Figure 9. Southeast Quadrant of APE, facing Southeast F.� � �,� � � ' , " � � ^ �'t ,, y - � ti ` `�,, �f ' S , 4 � , r• � � �.'_"�a9ab.. . -- �� � a �{ � t � � ' � %� i ', � . � r .�- 't . t r � y ,. �„�, Cs x IY j 1 �,-�}� . � M1 . �. � �- A����Rf Y�� ��'� �'�i _ . , � � � 4 � ' � � { ._ .. i ;� �, r�, � �_ r _ . f - r. _.k, � `i ,�;,, . y� � r .�� = z �;ri — 5 3 6 �� t ; r� ,A ,� :. � � A , :�- � � ; ,4.�'t 1 �Y �.'y\ . ��.f y( 1 � � � � LL � �y. A � � 1 � ? '� ,� ; 5 �C ad � F p ' ^�i� _ i :� rt — � "K � k �'' k . � i,y f � � �� , �} � � � �kby �r� � � ; �m * � < �4 � '�� � . � �� �b � � � �, � � � � °, � , (' ' , y� �.; p� �,�� � � ' r . , f �°�t�; � ...��� _ „ �� �i- F ,�a� �� , �� ' ���Fr ,�..;tC ,--"-� _ � . s+ i � ,a 5 , :: i � f� f 4 1_}}}���` -. .� � � � _� , f .: } Y' , � jy �' � Y'�� �;� � �1 l"�. � - �`F, f i +?' � �a � --- �r n � �.i J �4 ��. °. � { � _f � > � ; -- . _ -. � � � � .� ' �' t `�'% ` � x ; ,� s � �� � � ° '� � ` s r .: � ,"�" aF �` ' '� � -- j� . ' �� ,� � � � �, �' _,� � �: � ��. � . � ` ; � - �� ,sF�ie.�..• j :�,. i � , ,, � � f �•��! �, '- i e d� .: � � � .:`a � `° � r: 1 � +P� �y�N' �� ��:, . '�i � � .� .F & ��7.�:rd o, ial .t � , ��� � �.�z s p�" ,y fi� i . .., ,1 'X� .� "�- ,��.e�. �' F '"'�r,�� 'ir f .a��, �f M l�� } v � .' — �4 '� � '�4 1�y � .,7,�'� ."+�r�� 9L �s ` r _ yr� � �.i . f" T'L.l '�S1,IA4 Yi ..y,fi + � q' �` h.k�* �1tlP' t� d+ . Y..�,` � ' . � �,�` ..t � � .ak. u, y�� �• '; _ k'•�3� '. � ' �.° � � :�� � ♦ �y1p 1 "R . .�".�'� •�`i „�< . ^�° 3' '�,w�'A+F � ' �� ��^"�'� � .v.:ti • �! Figure 10. Southeast Quadrant of APE, facing Northwest `NO NATIONAL REGISTER FLIGIBLE OR LLSTF.D ARCHAF,OI,OGICAL Sl1'F,S PRESF.N1'" form for Minor Tran.r/�orlatio�a Projects as Qvalifed in !he 2007 Pr�ogr�ammafic Agreemenf. 12 Of l5 Project Tracking No.: I 5-04-0022 Figure 11. Southwest Quadrant of APE, facing Southeast Figure 12. Southwcst Quadrant of APE, facing East `NO NATIONAL REGISTER FLIGIBL.E OR LLSTF.D ARCHAF,OI,OGICAL Sl1'F,S PRESF.NT" form for Minor Tran.r/�orlatio�a Projects as Qvalifed in !he 2007 Pr�ogr�ammafic Agreemenf. 13 of l5 Project Tracking No.: I 5-04-0022 Figure 13. Northeast Quadrant of APE, facing South ��, . -�; . �i�y' ,� �,: �--''...____ � �,�, _; �. � , r+��'� _ r.� � �il� ; � � - r �� ,.'.� ` ` e` �`�' �. k . J; � � ;� ��r � I ,i � �' � , �.,�� t '� s. � �' � J � � � t '� : , � ��9�x � ��r �� � �;, �, ��= .� t �� a�. � � � � : r �,. � � �� � ;r �t . � 1�7- `f� � 71�sk4�u� X '�'� f` �9 ������h ��;� f���� ,�,��`� �� P�'� � ��� T�;��y� :,� � �i¢+ .,� . � �.� �''� �a}' �/ .:%..- C iN �� ,� �4 �� � Y c'�i`� � . ..i ��� �- � �• ���'.u„� �.�.��:.�-4,�..,. u'. ka � L� N"�t f •� t =`� a ' _ +�"`'��.�� 4 r' '�* ., '`� +•� # ,f• '�!. (�.� a" � � �H � s:t. ' I ' �'"lh�.-'^�? �A�' � 'm. ' + �Y:r9+ � ��, ;� - �- , .�`' f �� . . � , 4� ,",��� . � _ ' � �v. �� 7 ��. �� '�� � �/�_ Figure 14. Northcast Quadrant of APE, facing Northwcst `NO NATIONAL REGISTER FLIGIBL.E OR LLSTF.D ARCHAF,OI,OGICAL Sl1'F,S PRESF.NT" form for Minor Tran.r/�orlatio�a Projects as Qualif ed in !he 2007 Pr�ogr�ammafic Agreemenf. 14 of l5 Project Tracking No.: I 5-04-0022 Figure 15. Northwest Quadrant of APE, facing Southeast �`_ f rY � .�'f }�/; � � �`"�`�. . , ;�= � �;T;�, �� � � t � �. Y������<� .. .. �a�� . �-'K'JI .. � y� 4* g� lt ►'. � .- `�`�f . �_.,,�� '���; � Y ya.'�, - � � . .��` ._..�� IL' '.. �' i'�4 E:_� � �Y e � . x�- �' �r :..L ���� , <� g �t. r ...y, b. � -� X _r. a, . ` �-. �� . r -}��1� ' - /ye�.� t �i � �� .(M ` � h �'� � h'�'; , ti"F � `f1. �1. ' .l! . t� 4 'b: a� � � �� � �3�. � ,� V '� :�'. � � ���`,�� �� �,. � �'-'ie" L � R�{ - �.. - '� „ . . � . , - . . ��,f :� T . , � s fi � ' � . , �,� ;� f ' �� �� y�, 4.. t , �kr �' p�. F ' k ':p[':`�'� • - Figure 16. Bridge No. 189, facing West towards the Northwest Quadrant of the APE `NO NATIONAL REGISTER FLIGIBLE OR LLSTF.D ARCHAF,OI,OGICAL Sl1'F,S PRESENT" form for Minor Tran.r/�orlatio�a Projects as Qualif ed in !he 2007 Pr�ogr�ammafic Agreemenf. 15 Of l5