20170187 Ver 1_400108 Archaeological Structure 400108 Guilford No NRHP Archaeological Sites Present Form_20170214

Project Tracking No.:
15-04-0011
NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
o� '��' �� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES .�'�'�,�
��Q� PRESENT OR AFFECTED FORM t� � �'
fI2 -��.,�;� [�;- i .�. o
"¢-o.�"° '�' This form onl ertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this ro'ect. It is not `��
Y P P J � .`''•...:......�.
��`� valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the �.`��
Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group.
PROJECT INFORMATION
Project No.
WBS No
Structure 400108
17BP.7.R.89
County:
Document:
Guilford
Attachment G
F.A. No: N/A Funding: � State ❑ Federal
Federal Permit Required? ❑ Yes ❑ No Permit Type.• To Be Determined
Project Description: NCDOT's Division 7 proposes to replace Bridge No. 108 on SR 2022 (Linville
Road) over the Haw River in Guilford County. Bridge No. 108 was built in 1956, and is considered to be
structurally deficient. There may be minor ditch-line impacts, and an off-site detour is to be used during
construction. The Area of Potential Effects (APE) will measure approximately 50 feet to either side of
the centerline of the roadway/bridge and 501 feet from either end of the bridge. Based on these
measurements and the size of the existing bridge, the APE measures approximately 101,828 square feet ar
about 2.34 acres, inclusive of the existing roadway and the existing structure to be replaced.
SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject
project and determined:
There are no National Register listed ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES within the project's
area of potential effects.
No subsurface archaeological investigations were required for this project.
Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources.
Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources
considered eligible for the National Register.
All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all
compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project.
There are no National Register Eligible or Listed ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present
or affected by this project. (Attach any notes or documents as needec�
Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions:
A map review and site file search was conducted at the Office of State Archaeology (OSA) on Monday,
Apri120, 2015. An archaeological survey at this particular bridge location has never been conducted, and
no archaeological sites have been recorded within one-half (1/2) mile of the proposed project. Digital
copies of HPO's maps (Belews Creek Quadrangle) as well as the HPOWEB GIS Service
(http://gis.ncdcr.gov/hpoweb/) were last reviewed on Thursday, Apri130, 2015. There are no known
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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historic architectural resources within the vicinity of the project area that may have intact archaeological
deposits within the footprint of the proposed project. In addition, topographic maps, historic maps
(NCMaps website), USDA soil survey maps, and aerial photographs were utilized and inspected to gauge
environmental factors that may have contributed to histaric or prehistoric settlement within the project
limits, and to assess the level of modern, slope, agricultural, hydrological, and other erosive-type
disturbances within and surrounding the archaeological APE.
As stated in the Survey Required Form for this project, "At this time, the need for a Federal permit and
temporary/permanent easements has not been deternuned. In addition, this is a State-funded project. For
now, there appears to be no Federal connection for this project. Moreover, we are in compliance with NC
GS 121-12a since there are no eligible (i.e. National Register-listed) archaeological resources located
within the project's Area of Potential Effects (APE) that would require our attention. All proposed
project activities are to take place within the proposed APE, defined as 50 feet to either side of centerline
and 501 feet from either end of the bridge. Since NCDOT's existing ROW along SR 2022 (Linville
Road) measures 60 feet wide, there may be environmental impacts beyond what is currently
owned/maintained by the NCDOT. A 100-foot ROW is being proposed. From an environmental
perspective, the APE falls within the Piedmont physiographic region, consists of the floodplain for the
Haw River and the rolling/undulating terrain characteristic of the region, and is composed of four (4) soil
types: Chewacla sandy loam (Ch), Wehadkee silt loam (Wh), Cecil sandy loam, 2-6% slopes (CcB), and
Appling sandy loam, 6-10% slopes (ApC). The proposed project area consists largely of somewhat
poorly drained and poorly drained soils that are frequently flooded for brief periods of time. In fact, most
of the proj ect area is categorized as a Flood Hazard Zone, based on an overlay of floodplain mapping.
However, the drainage is flanked by well-drained soils typical of a broad, smooth upland setting.
Although there are no known archaeological sites in the immediate vicinity, there were twelve (12)
recorded archaeological sites recorded as part of the surveys for the Piedmont Landfill and its expansion
(Biblios #2167, 2249, 3941, 4010, and 4085), the location of which is a mere 1.7 miles to the northwest.
Since both historic and prehistoric archaeological components were discovered along both sides of
tributaries of Belews Creek, an area not that far removed from the proposed project, there is the potential
for intact archaeological deposits to be located within the defined APE for Bridge No. 108. Based on the
information provided, an archaeological survey is, therefore, recommended for the proposed project. A
visual inspection of the entire Area of Potential Effects (APE) should be conducted frst, followed then by
systematic archaeological excavations within areas of moderate to high archaeological probability.
Should the description of this project change or design plans be made available prior to construction,
additional consultation regarding archaeology will be required."
Field investigations around Bridge No. 108 on SR 2022 (Linville Road) over the Haw River occurred on
Wednesday, June 10, and Wednesday, June 24, 2015, and were comprised of pedestrian survey and
systematic shovel testing to locate and assess potentially signiiicant archaeological remains that could be
damaged ar destroyed by the proposed project as described above. The entire extent of the project's APE
was visually inspected in order to determine the need for excavations. Based on current soil conditions,
shovel tests were positioned strategically to investigate the terraces on either side of the Haw River. One
(1) shovel test was positioned in the Northeast Quadrant. Three (3) shovel tests and two (2) radials were
positioned in the Northwest Quadrant. Two (2) shovel tests were positioned in the Southeast Quadrant.
Five (5) shovel tests and four (4) radials were positioned in the Southwest Quadrant. In all, seventeen
(17) shovel tests were excavated. Please refer to the Shovel Test Discussion for detailed descriptions (soil
strata, color, and texture) of each shovel test. Only one (1) shovel test was warranted for the Northeast
Quadrant. Flood debris was noted throughout much of this quadrant. Modern trenching and a large
modern glass bottle dump were evident within the woods along the property line. No archaeological
remains were recovered from the Northeast Quadrant. Five (5) shovel tests were excavated in the
Northwest Quadrant, which, at the time of our survey, consisted of an open field overgrown with poison
ivy, thistle, and wild berries. The landform appeared concave or bowl-shaped, with a rounded berm
parallel to SR 2022 (Linville Road). One (1) flake was noted in STP 3 on the edge of the berm along the
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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road. Radials were excavated in order to investigate the potential for additional artifacts within the field.
However, no archaeological remains were recovered other than the flake from STP 3. Based on the
landform (i.e. berm), it is believed that the artifact from STP 3 is not in its original context, having been
located on a man-made feature along the side of the road. Nevertheless, it has been recorded as an
archaeological isolate and has been designated as Site 31GF559 with the Office of State Archaeology
(OSA). On the opposite side of the river, two (2) shovel tests were placed in the Southeast Quadrant to
investigate an area of fairly level, non-floodplain soils. No archaeological resources were recovered from
this quadrant. Five (5) shovel tests were positioned in the Southwest Quadrant on a fairly level toeslope,
overlooking a swampy area of the Haw River. Three (3) of the five (5) shovel tests (STPs 6, 7, 8) were
positive for archaeological material. Based on the presence of artifacts, additional radial shovel tests were
excavated in order to delineate the extent of the artifacts on the landform. Only one (1) radial proved to
be positive as well although the landform limited the number of additional shovel tests that could be
excavated. The site, though, is confined to this little toeslope jutting into the floodplain of the Haw River,
and has been designated as Site 31GF560 with the Office of State Archaeology (OSA). Clearing for the
nearby residence and drainage along the road have exacerbated the erosion on this landform since the
most recent soil survey for the county. A total of eight (8) artifacts were recovered from four (4) positive
shovel tests. One (1) Late Woodland Small Triangular projectile point (possibly a Caraway) and three (3)
Early-Middle Woodland Badin series ceramics were recovered from STP 6. An Early Archaic Kirk
Stemmed projectile point was recovered from STP 7. Two (1) bifacial thinning flakes and a flake
fragment round out the artifact assemblage for Site 31GF560. Artifact density is very low, with only 8
artifacts covering an area over 1/3 of an acre in size. Despite the presence of three (3) diagnostics,
stratigraphic integrity is also extremely suspect with three (3) broad time periods represented by artifacts
recovered from the same soil stratum: Early Archaic (8000-6000 BC), Early-Middle Woodland (1000
BGAD 800), and Late Woodland (AD 1500-1700). This commingling of artifacts from such a lengthy
span of time would suggest a modicum of soil deflation across the landform. Overall, there is a lack of
subsurface integrity caused by soil deflation and erosion across the landform.
In the end, one (1) archaeological site (31GF560) and one (1) archaeological isolate (31GF559) were
recorded within the project's Area of Potential Effects (APE). Both resources are recommended as not
eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The isolated find (31 GF559) retains no
integrity and has no potential to provide important information beyond that which has already been
documented. Based on soil deflation and the lack of subsurface stratigraphic integrity, Site 31GF560
would not be able to contribute important information about the prehistory of the region. Therefore, no
further archaeological work is recommended prior to construction. In addition, both resources, though
technically within the defined APE, will not be impacted by the proposed project. Therefore, a finding of
"no historic properties affected" is considered appropriate in association with this bridge replacement
project. Should the description of this project or design plans change prior to construction, then
additional consultation regarding archaeology will be required. If archaeological materials are uncovered
during project activities, then such resources will be dealt with according to the procedures set forth for
"unanticipated discoveries," to include notification of NCDOT's Archaeology Group.
Shovel Test Discussion:
STP 1: 0-9cmbs, lOYR 4/3, clay loam; 9-22cmbs, 7.SYR 6/4, clay; no cultural material
STP 2: 0-14cmbs, lOYR 4/3, clay loam; 14-18cmbs, 7.SYR 6/4, clay; moderate erosion, no cultural
material
STP 3: 0-12cmbs, lOYR 4/3, clay loam; 12-18cmbs, 7.SYR 6/4, clay; moderate erosion, one (1) flake
— ISOLATE (31GF559)
STP 3a: 0-26cmbs, lOYR 4/3, clay loam; 26-31 cmbs, 7.SYR 6/4, clay; deeper stratigraphy within a bowl-
shaped landform, no cultural material
STP 3b: 0-8cmbs, root mat; 8-25cmbs, lOYR 4/3, clay loam; 25-33cmbs, 7.SYR 6/4, clay; soil matrix has
a bit of sand in it, but no cultural material
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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STP 4: 0-1 lcmbs, lOYR 4/3, clay loam; 11-19cmbs, saprolitic; no cultural material
STP 5: 0-16cmbs, lOYR 3/3, sandy loam; 16-27cmbs, lOYR 7/4, sandy clay loam; below 27cmbs, rocks
and gravel at base; no cultural material at the tip of a very constricted landform
STP 6: 0-22cmbs, lOYR 3/3, sandy loam; 22-30cmbs, lOYR 7/4, sandy clay loam; - SITE (31GF560)
STP 6a: 0-13cmbs, lOYR 5/3, loam; 13-24cmbs, lOYR 6/4, loam; 24-30cmbs, 7.SYR 6/6, clay loam; no
cultural material
STP 7: 0-15cmbs, lOYR 5/3, loam; 15-24cmbs, lOYR 6/4, loam; 24-30cmbs, 7.SYR 6/6, clay loam; -
SITE (31GF560)
STP 7a: 0-17cmbs, lOYR 5/3, loam; 17-29cmbs, lOYR 6/4, loam; 29-40cmbs, 7.SYR 6/6, clay loam; -
SITE (31GF560)
STP 7ab: 0-17cmbs, lOYR 5/3, loam; 17-35cmbs, lOYR 6/4, loam; 35-38cmbs, 7.SYR 6/6, clay loam; no
cultural material
STP 8: 0-15cmbs, lOYR 5/3, loam; 15-22cmbs, lOYR 6/4, loam; 22-26cmbs, 7.SYR 6/6, clay loam; -
SITE (31GF560)
STP 8a: 0-2lcmbs, lOYR 6/4, loam; 21-27cmbs, 7.SYR 6/6, clay loam; no cultural material in the yard of
the house
STP 9: 0-2cmbs, root mat, eroded followed by rock and gravel in the front yard of the house
STP 10: 0-16cmbs, lOYR 5/3, loam; 16-32cmbs, lOYR 6/4, loam; no cultural material in the floodplain
setting which is lower in elevation than from where the artifacts were recovered
STP 11: 0-24cmbs, lOYR 5/3, loam; 24-35cmbs, lOYR 6/4, loam; no cultural material in the floodplain
setting, closer to the water than STP 10.
SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION
See attached: � Map(s)
Signed:
�i
!
NCDOT ARCHAE O
❑ Previous Survey Info
IST
� Photos ❑Correspondence
July 7, 2015
Date
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Figure 1: Bclews Creek, NC (USGS 1969).
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Photo 1: Location of Site 31GF559, lookiu� South.
NO NATIONdL REGlSTE2 ELIGl6LE OR LlSTED ARCIL�iEOLOGIC�L SITES PRLSLNT 02 _aF!'ECTED
forrn for� A4i�ior Trzuas�ortation Pr�ojectr a,s Oi�alrfied in dre �007 Progranan�afic �gree�me�at.
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Photo 3: Location of Site 31 GF560, looking Soutl�east in the treeline.
NO N.-1 TION.9L REGISTGR ELIGl6LE OR L/STED dPC1L�?EOLOGIC,l L SITES PR6SLNT OR _IFFECTED
farni Jbr Aliuoi� Tr�ue.rportution Projects u.s Oi�ulified in die �007 Pi�agi�amnmPic A,,reement.
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Project Tracking No.:
15-04-0011
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Photo 4: Diagnostic Artifacts (From left to right: Kirk Stemmed Projectile Point, Small Triangular
Projectile Point, Net-Impressed Badin series ceramics).
"NO NATLONAL RECISTER ELLGIBLE OR LISTED ARCfIAEOLOGKAL SITES PRESENT OR AFFECTED
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualifi'ed in the 2007 Programmalic Agreement.
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