NC0004961_6. RBSS_CAP Part 2 Appx C_FINAL_20160212

Appendix C
Addendum to Soil
Sorption Evaluation

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Addendum to Soil Sorption Evaluation
Riverbend Steam Station
Catawba County, NC

Prepared for:
HDR Engineering, Inc.
Hydropower Services
440 S. Church St, Suite 1000
Charlotte, NC 28202
Investigators:
William G. Langley, Ph.D., P.E.
Dongwook Kim, Ph.D.

UNC Charlotte / Lee College of Engineering
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
EPIC Building 3252
9201 University City Blvd.
Charlotte, NC 28223

February 2, 2016

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Background ......................................................................................................................... 1
2 Results ................................................................................................................................ 1
3 Comments and Recommendations ..................................................................................... 1
4 References ......................................................................................................................... 3
TABLES
Table 1. Arsenic
Table 2. Boron
Table 3 Cadmium
Table 4 Chromium
Table 5 Molybdenum
Table 6 Selenium
Table 7 Thallium
Table 8 Vanadium

FIGURES
(See Tables 1-8 for figure numbers)

1

1 Background
This addendum provides three sorption isotherm equations for batch data analyzed and initially
reported in the Soil Sorption Evaluation for Riverbend Steam Station (Langley and Oza 2015).
The isotherm model equations are:

Linear: S = KdC

Linear with S0 > 0: S = KdC + S0

Freundlich: S = KfC1/n

where S is the constituent concentration on soil (ug/g), Kd is the linear sorption coefficient (ml/g),
C is the constituent concentration in water (ug/l), S0 is the soil concentration at C = 0, n is the
unitless Freundlich exponent, and Kf is the Freundlich constant (l1/nug(1-1/n)/g). The parameters
Kd, S0, Kf, and n are estimated using linear regressions on the sorption data. The parameter S0
represents that portion of constituent concentration on the soil that is sorbed irreversibly.

2 Results
Results are provided in Tables 1 through 8 by constituent and sample. The results include
parameter estimates and indicators of the goodness-of-fit of the resulting model equations to the
sorption data.

3 Comments and Recommendations
In addition to the general comments and qualifiers offered in the Results and Table 16 of the
original report, the following comments and recommendations are provided.

For the fate and transport model, the range of sorption estimates (maximum and minimum)
should be used as the upper and lower limits for selecting a calibrated value that is consistent
with measured constituents.

For a specific constituent and sample, the isotherm model with the minimum chi-square value
best represents the lab data in its arithmetic form.

Linear isotherms with S0 < 0 are considered not applicable because they imply negative soil
concentrations (S) as constituent concentration (C) approaches zero.

For linear isotherms with S0 > 0, the y-intercept S0 is assumed to represent irreversible sorption
as opposed to previous exposure to the constituent in the field which is manifested as a
negative-sloping or irregular isotherm as would have been noted in the original report.

2

Freundlich isotherms with n < 1 are considered not applicable because they are not concave
downward (Freundlich 1924).

For constituents not considered for Riverbend, sorption values may be transferable from other
sites with similar geochemical settings, or may be estimated using site-specific data from the
Comprehensive Site Assessment in a geochemical model.

3

4 References
Freundlich H. 1924. The Elements of Colloidal Chemistry, translated by George Barger. Dutton
and Company Publishers: New York, NY, pp. 58-61.
Langley, W.G. and Oz, Shubhashini. Soil Sorption Evaluation for Riverbend Steam Station,
UNC-Charlotte, October 2015.
Ho, Yuh-Shan, Wen-Ta Chiu, and Chung-Chi Wang. "Regression analysis for the sorption
isotherms of basic dyes on sugarcane dust." Bioresource technology 96.11 (2005): 1285-1291.
Matott, L. Shawn, IsoFit Documentation and User’s Guide Version 1.2, State University of New
York at Buffalo Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Version 1.2,
updated 01/18/07.
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Appendix C
Addendum to Soil
Sorption Evaluation
Attachments
• Tables
• Figures

Attachments provided in electronic format
on CAP Part 2 CD only.

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Table 1 Arsenic
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
AB - 4D 5 4 0.904 0.991 0.407 0.874 0.991 0.446 0.844 0.406 0.990 0.222 0.791 0.613 0.995 0.070 1.077 0.943 0.974 0.186 1.232 0.849 0.998 0.017 1,2
AB - 6S 2 2 5.279 0.883 1.501 5.225 0.891 1.395 3,4
AB - 7S 5 5 0.091 0.500 13.755 0.092 0.498 13.661 5,6
GWA - 1BRU 5 5 0.006 0.837 1.172 0.006 0.786 1.594 7,8
GWA - 7D 5 5 0.018 0.861 1.366 0.019 0.925 0.757 9,10
GWA - 8D 1 1 9.058 9.058 11,12
GWA - 1S 3 3 2.137 0.989 0.412 2.265 0.984 0.621 1.995 0.458 0.968 0.331 2.098 0.507 0.953 0.481 2.264 0.971 0.907 0.353 2.429 0.949 0.857 0.520 13,14
GWA - 2S 5 5 0.788 0.996 0.173 0.726 0.989 0.435 0.747 0.315 0.997 0.065 0.672 0.466 0.990 0.178 0.941 0.933 0.997 0.031 0.942 0.909 0.993 0.098 15,16
GWA - 4S 5 5 0.306 0.994 0.199 0.274 0.977 0.784 0.302 0.068 0.986 0.213 0.251 0.432 0.964 0.561 0.322 0.979 0.929 0.568 17,18
GWA - 5S 3 3 1.993 0.999 0.023 1.687 0.998 0.056 1.599 0.361 0.998 0.021 1.866 0.941 0.997 0.013 19,20
GWA - 6S 3 3 2.408 0.992 0.279 2.512 0.990 0.362 21,22
GWA - 7S 3 3 1.827 1.000 0.006 1.991 0.999 0.032 23,24
GWA - 10S 2 2 3.512 1.000 0.004 3.506 0.999 0.013 3.415 0.208 1.000 0.000 3.623 0.962 1.000 0.000 25,26
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 9.058 3.415 0.613 3.623 0.979
Minimum 0.006 0.251 0.068 0.322 0.849
Median 1.757 0.818 0.419 1.232 0.943
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from linear regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(f)(f)
(d)
(d)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(f)
(e)
(e)
Fig. Nos.Trial B
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B Trial A
(d)
(d)
(d)
(e)
(f) (f)
(d)
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)(d)
(d)(d)
(f)
Table 2 Boron
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
AB - 4D 5 3 0.000 0.520 0.496 0.000 0.824 0.044 27,28
AB - 6S 5 5 0.002 0.913 0.282 0.002 0.993 0.025 29,30
AB - 7S 0 0 -,-
GWA - 1BRU 5 5 0.001 0.625 0.637 0.000 0.541 0.723 0.001 0.009 0.001 0.637 31,32
GWA - 7D 0 0 -,-
GWA - 8D 5 5 0.002 0.988 0.042 0.002 0.924 0.280 33,34
GWA - 1S 5 5 0.000 0.936 0.059 0.000 0.573 0.690 35,36
GWA - 2S 5 5 0.0007 0.951 0.071 0.0006 0.934 0.073 37,38
GWA - 4S 5 5 0.001 0.879 0.221 0.001 0.954 0.088 39,40
GWA - 5S 5 5 0.003 0.950 0.228 0.002 0.995 0.020 41,42
GWA - 6S 5 5 0.002 0.951 0.157 0.003 0.985 0.052 0.0004 0.461 0.324 0.020 0.003 0.001 0.788 0.052 0.144 0.247 0.426 0.018 43,44
GWA - 7S 5 5 0.003 0.916 0.361 0.003 0.987 0.075 0.0007 0.571 0.280 0.078 0.002 0.295 0.995 0.001 0.141 0.305 0.430 0.069 0.025 0.635 0.996 0.001 45,46
GWA - 10S 5 5 0.002 0.939 0.208 0.002 0.920 0.251 47,48
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 0.003 0.003 0.571 0.144 0.635
Minimum 0.0002 0.0004 0.001 0.025 0.247
Median 0.002 0.001 0.295 0.141 0.305
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from linear regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
(d)(e)
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
(d)(e)
(g) (g)(g)(g)(g)(g)
(g) (g)
(d)
Fig. Nos.
Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial B
(e)(d)
Trial B Trial A
(d)(d)(e)
(e)
(e)
(g)
(e)
(d)
(d)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(d)
(d)
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(g)
(d)
Trial A Trial B Trial A
(g)
(d)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(g)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
Table 3 Cadmium
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
AB - 4D 5 5 1.555 0.976 1.013 1.470 0.985 0.718 49,50
AB - 6S 5 5 0.072 0.931 1.142 0.079 0.981 0.422 51,52
AB - 7S 5 5 0.118 0.891 2.359 0.120 0.896 2.249 53,54
GWA - 1BRU 5 5 0.281 0.654 7.049 0.291 0.917 2.274 0.233 0.624 0.241 6.222 0.826 0.461 0.325 2.274 55,56
GWA - 7D 5 5 1.256 0.864 2.512 1.205 0.827 5.442 1.229 0.774 0.407 6.908 57,58
GWA - 8D 5 5 0.325 0.970 1.079 0.321 0.979 0.818 59,60
GWA - 1S 5 5 0.965 0.964 1.113 1.000 0.982 0.662 61,62
GWA - 2S 5 5 1.281 0.943 1.517 1.385 0.976 0.874 63,64
GWA - 4S 5 5 0.119 0.917 1.907 0.116 0.930 1.729 65,66
GWA - 5S 5 5 0.045 0.961 0.912 0.038 0.994 0.180 67,68
GWA - 6S 5 5 0.046 0.999 0.037 0.046 0.997 0.073 69,70
GWA - 7S 5 5 1.075 0.950 0.996 1.261 0.987 0.387 71,72
GWA - 10S 5 5 0.187 0.983 0.605 0.176 0.976 0.592 73,74
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 1.555 0.233 0.624 1.229 0.774
Minimum 0.038 0.233 0.624 0.826 0.461
Median 0.286 0.233 0.624 1.027 0.618
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from linear regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
(d)(e)(e)
Fig. Nos.Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(e)
Table 4 Chromium
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
AB - 4D 1 1 1.719 1.719 75,76
AB - 6S 0 0 -,-
AB - 7S 0 0 -,-
GWA - 1BRU 5 5 0.005 0.028 98.420 0.015 0.119 17.984 77,78
GWA - 7D 5 5 0.072 0.288 5.659 0.066 0.220 5.801 79,80
GWA - 8D 5 5 0.259 0.720 1.421 0.270 0.696 1.581 81,82
GWA - 1S 2 3 0.733 1.000 0.002 0.867 0.876 0.511 0.697 0.077 1.000 0.000 0.775 0.934 1.000 0.000 83,84
GWA - 2S 1 1 1.719 1.719 85,86
GWA - 4S 0 0 -,-
GWA - 5S 1 1 1.936 1.936 87,88
GWA - 6S 1 1 1.719 1.719 89,90
GWA - 7S 1 1 1.719 1.719 91,92
GWA - 10S 1 1 1.936 1.936 93,94
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 1.936 0.697 0.077 0.775 0.934
Minimum 0.005 0.697 0.077 0.775 0.934
Median 1.719 0.697 0.077 0.775 0.934
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from linear regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
Fig. Nos.Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial BWell ID
No.
data points
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B
Trial A Trial B
(f)(f)(f)(f)(f) (f)
(g)(g)(g)(g)
(g)(g)(g)(g)
(d)(d)(e)(e)
(d)(d)(e)
(d)(d)(e)
(d)(e)
(f)(f)(f)(f)
(g)
(f)(f)(f)(f)
(f)(f)(f)(f)
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(g) (g)
(g) (g)
(g) (g)
(f) (f)
(f)
(f)
(f)
(f)
(f)
(e)
(e)
(f)
(f)
(f)
(f)(f)(f)(f)
(f)(f)(f)(f)
(g)(g)(g)
Table 5 Molybdenum
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
AB - 4D 5 5 0.018 0.993 0.210 0.016 0.991 0.290 0.017 0.247 0.983 0.065 0.014 0.398 0.996 0.015 0.046 0.821 0.982 0.094 0.051 0.787 0.995 0.024 95,96
AB - 6S 2 1 6.549 0.886 1.817 9.747 97,98
AB - 7S 5 5 0.317 0.950 3.838 0.342 0.949 4.091 0.269 1.149 0.963 0.773 0.290 1.170 0.964 0.764 0.776 0.757 0.975 0.368 0.838 0.752 0.971 0.367 99,100
GWA - 1BRU 5 5 0.0002 0.707 0.207 0.0001 0.730 0.066 101,102
GWA - 7D 4 5 0.0003 0.482 0.618 0.0001 0.744 0.097 103,104
GWA - 8D 1 1 10.380 10.380 105,106
GWA - 1S 5 5 0.044 0.820 34.368 0.055 0.841 28.305 0.032 1.715 0.895 1.075 0.041 1.692 0.911 1.065 0.809 0.434 0.986 0.121 0.794 0.466 0.986 0.136 107,108
GWA - 2S 5 5 0.025 0.994 0.279 0.021 0.972 0.831 0.022 0.387 1.000 0.001 0.017 0.681 0.980 0.093 0.066 0.809 0.996 0.018 0.083 0.743 0.996 0.024 109,110
GWA - 4S 5 5 0.053 0.822 40.858 0.044 0.771 60.542 0.039 1.659 0.900 1.113 0.031 1.768 0.853 1.489 0.935 0.422 0.985 0.112 1.008 0.396 0.963 0.302 111,112
GWA - 5S 1 1 10.380 10.380 113,114
GWA - 6S 1 1 10.475 10.475 115,116
GWA - 7S 5 5 0.123 0.904 26.280 0.134 0.888 26.071 0.098 1.579 0.967 0.592 0.106 1.666 0.950 0.897 1.143 0.473 0.991 0.053 1.160 0.494 0.992 0.064 117,118
GWA - 10S 1 1 10.380 10.380 119,120
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 10.475 0.290 1.768 1.160 0.821
Minimum 0.0001 0.014 0.247 0.046 0.396
Median 0.129 0.035 1.374 0.802 0.618
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from linear regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
(f)
(f) (f)
(f)
(f) (f)
(f)
(d)(e)(e)
(d)(d)(e)(e)
Fig. Nos.
(f)(f)(f)(f)
Trial B
Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial A
(d)(f)(e)(f)
(d)
Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0
Trial A Trial B
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
(f)(f)(f)
(f)
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(f)(f)
(f)
(f)
(f)(f)(f)
(f)(f)(f)
Table 6 Selenium
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
AB - 4D 5 5 0.145 0.982 1.495 0.124 0.962 3.191 0.129 0.909 0.992 0.190 0.106 1.209 0.978 0.450 0.347 0.796 0.995 0.045 0.387 0.750 0.987 0.143 121,122
AB - 6S 1 1 10.247 11.143 123,124
AB - 7S 5 5 0.573 0.970 1.605 0.589 0.961 1.974 125,126
GWA - 1BRU 5 5 0.001 0.797 0.336 0.0002 0.758 0.196 127,128
GWA - 7D 5 5 0.002 0.641 2.032 0.002 0.954 0.154 129,130
GWA - 8D 1 1 12.580 12.580 131,132
GWA - 1S 5 5 0.398 0.958 4.161 0.437 0.964 3.500 0.341 1.339 0.973 0.701 0.378 1.261 0.979 0.563 0.967 0.752 0.980 0.272 0.994 0.763 0.985 0.203 133,134
GWA - 2S 5 5 0.129 0.976 1.756 0.135 0.975 1.746 0.113 0.990 0.985 0.288 0.119 0.989 0.984 0.316 0.328 0.789 0.995 0.071 0.337 0.793 0.995 0.090 135,136
GWA - 4S 5 5 0.112 0.901 12.549 0.088 0.853 23.665 0.089 1.619 0.943 1.029 0.068 1.840 0.907 1.590 0.790 0.549 0.926 0.707 137,138
GWA - 5S 5 5 3.158 0.541 19.389 3.097 0.595 15.270 2.969 0.203 0.000 30.575 139,140
GWA - 6S 5 5 1.955 0.579 15.932 1.650 0.519 20.520 141,142
GWA - 7S 5 5 0.274 0.986 2.046 0.280 0.980 2.065 0.246 0.861 0.997 0.119 0.247 1.003 0.994 0.164 0.675 0.740 0.989 0.146 0.667 0.761 0.999 0.006 143,144
GWA - 10S 1 1 12.580 12.580 145,146
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 12.580 0.378 1.840 2.969 0.796
Minimum 0.0002 0.068 0.861 0.328 0.203
Median 0.418 0.124 1.106 0.671 0.756
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from linear regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
(f)(f)(f)(f)
(f) (f)
(f) (f)
(f) (f)
(f)
(d)(d)(e)
(e)
(d)(d)(e)(e)
Fig. Nos.Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B Trial A
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
(f)
(e)
Trial B
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(d)
(f)
(e)
(f)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(f)
(e)
(d)(e)
(e)
(f)(f)(f)
(d)(e)
Table 7 Thallium
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
AB - 4D 5 5 0.541 0.998 0.191 0.513 0.996 0.269 0.523 0.299 0.998 0.066 0.486 0.492 0.997 0.072 0.679 0.920 0.991 0.073 0.674 0.915 0.999 0.023 147,148
AB - 6S 5 5 0.074 0.956 1.198 0.082 0.996 0.174 149,150
AB - 7S 5 5 0.112 0.962 1.678 0.113 0.973 1.358 151,152
GWA - 1BRU 5 5 0.255 0.784 9.273 0.319 0.922 2.893 1.112 0.419 0.411 2.893 153,154
GWA - 7D 5 5 0.083 0.971 1.029 0.093 0.997 0.209 0.091 0.147 0.993 0.143 0.120 0.893 0.869 1.209 0.136 0.903 0.977 0.191 155,156
GWA - 8D 5 5 0.256 1.000 0.065 0.256 0.999 0.124 0.252 0.147 0.999 0.018 0.246 0.348 1.000 0.001 0.321 0.933 0.997 0.043 0.338 0.925 1.000 0.001 157,158
GWA - 1S 5 5 0.692 0.999 0.044 0.696 0.999 0.077 0.676 0.282 1.000 0.012 0.691 0.992 0.998 0.049 0.807 0.949 1.000 0.003 159,160
GWA - 2S 5 5 0.934 0.997 0.404 0.835 0.988 1.267 0.883 0.520 0.999 0.012 0.760 0.896 0.995 0.126 1.291 0.860 0.996 0.036 1.385 0.807 0.997 0.027 161,162
GWA - 4S 5 5 0.132 1.000 0.012 0.117 0.992 0.408 0.131 0.031 1.000 0.010 0.108 0.564 0.994 0.115 0.140 0.984 0.998 0.011 0.190 0.895 0.997 0.043 163,164
GWA - 5S 5 5 0.058 0.999 0.040 0.053 0.997 0.241 0.058 0.026 0.997 0.036 0.050 0.418 0.999 0.024 0.067 0.969 0.997 0.039 0.096 0.882 0.996 0.031 165,166
GWA - 6S 5 5 0.055 0.998 0.109 0.055 0.999 0.092 0.052 0.332 0.998 0.031 0.052 0.284 1.000 0.005 0.077 0.935 0.998 0.013 0.082 0.916 0.999 0.007 167,168
GWA - 7S 4 5 1.018 0.986 1.045 1.076 0.995 0.697 0.993 0.235 0.964 0.679 1.042 0.298 0.992 0.285 1.616 0.755 0.945 0.948 1.498 0.820 0.970 0.479 169,170
GWA - 10S 5 5 0.196 0.997 0.351 0.201 0.985 0.841 0.185 0.524 1.000 0.008 0.195 0.272 0.968 0.499 0.326 0.870 0.999 0.016 0.383 0.816 0.975 0.672 171,172
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 1.076 1.042 0.896 1.616 0.992
Minimum 0.053 0.050 0.026 0.067 0.419
Median 0.199 0.221 0.299 0.338 0.903
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from linear regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
(e)
(e)
(e)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(e)
(e)
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
Fig. Nos.Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B Trial A
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
Trial B
Table 8 Vanadium
Kd R2 χ2 Kd R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kd So R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2 Kf 1/n R2 χ2
l/g -µg/g l/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g l/g µg/g -µg/g (c) - -µg/g (c) - -µg/g
AB - 4D 3 3 0.872 0.995 0.110 0.788 0.991 0.204 0.792 0.374 0.997 0.016 0.697 0.477 0.997 0.020 1.093 0.870 0.998 0.005 1.085 0.824 0.999 0.004 173,174
AB - 6S 1 1 4.936 4.936 175,176
AB - 7S 4 4 1.547 0.953 0.827 1.650 0.946 0.956 177,178
GWA - 1BRU 5 5 0.003 0.647 1.438 0.003 0.657 1.257 179,180
GWA - 7D 5 5 0.013 0.850 0.923 0.014 0.866 0.870 181,182
GWA - 8D 1 1 5.385 5.385 183,184
GWA - 1S 4 3 0.794 0.985 0.339 0.981 0.986 0.307 0.728 0.327 0.976 0.219 0.861 0.509 0.979 0.123 0.919 0.948 0.942 0.211 1.240 0.869 0.956 0.107 185,186
GWA - 2S 5 5 0.922 0.992 0.250 0.802 0.990 0.264 0.798 0.019 0.977 0.268 187,188
GWA - 4S 3 3 0.651 0.946 1.805 0.533 0.920 3.768 0.507 0.899 0.953 0.248 0.397 1.064 0.941 0.307 1.272 0.665 0.884 0.230 1.356 0.568 0.832 0.317 189,190
GWA - 5S 1 1 5.385 5.385 191,192
GWA - 6S 1 1 5.333 5.333 193,194
GWA - 7S 5 5 1.072 0.928 1.178 1.151 0.970 0.686 195,196
GWA - 10S 1 1 5.39 5.39 197,198
Linear S0=0
Kd Kd So Kf 1/n
Maximum 5.385 0.861 1.064 1.356 0.948
Minimum 0.003 0.397 0.019 0.919 0.568
Median 1.112 0.728 0.477 1.166 0.846
Notes
a.Coefficient of determination (R2) indicates goodness of fit of individual isotherm to its linear regression (Ho et al. 2005).
b.Minimum chi-square (χ2) indicates best fit of three isotherms in arithmetic form (Ho et al. 2005).
c.units: l(1/n)µg(1-1/n)/g
d.Not applicable for S0<0 or Kd<0 from linear regression.
e. Not applicable for (1/n)>1 or Kf<0 from linear regression (Matott 2007).
f.For all C<MDL (method detection limit), estimate a minimum Kd using C = MDL at lowest soil-to-solution ratio.
g. Isotherm data not available.
(f) (f)
(f) (f)
(f)(f) (f) (f)(f)(f)
(f)
(e)(e)
(f)
(f)
(f)
Fig. Nos.Well ID
Linear Isotherm, So = 0 Linear isotherm, So > 0 Freundlich isotherm
Trial A Trial B Trial A Trial B Trial A
No.
data points
Trial A Trial B
Trial B
(f)
Linear S0>0 Freundlich
(d)(d)
(d)
(f)(f)
(f)
(d)
(f)
(d)
(d)(d)
(f)(f)
(f)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(f)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(f) (f)
(e)(e)(d)(d)
(f)(f)(f)
(f)
(f)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 1 Arsenic Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - A linear S0=0 linear S0>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 2 Arsenic Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - B linear S0=0 linear S0>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 3 Arsenic Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 4 Arsenic Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 5 Arsenic Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 6 Arsenic Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 7 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 8 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 9 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 10 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 11 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 12 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 13 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - A linear S0=0 linear S0>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 14 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - B linear S0=0 linear S0>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 15 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - A linear S0=0 linear S0>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 16 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - B linear S0=0 linear S0>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 17 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - A linear S0=0 linear S0>0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 18 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - B linear S0=0 linear S0>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 19 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 20 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -5S
Freundlich Trial - B linear S0=0 linear S0>0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 21 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 22 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 23 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 24 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 25 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - A linear S0=0 linear S0>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 26 Arsenic Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 27 Boron Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - A linear So=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 28 Boron Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 29 Boron Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 30 Boron Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 31 Boron Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
linear So>0 Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 32 Boron Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 33 Boron Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 34 Boron Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - B linear So=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 35 Boron Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 36 Boron Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 37 Boron Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 38 Boron Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 100 200 300 400
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 39 Boron Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 100 200 300 400
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 40 Boron Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 41 Boron Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 42 Boron Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 43 Boron Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 44 Boron Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 45 Boron Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
0 70 140 210 280 350 420
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 46 Boron Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 47 Boron Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 48 Boron Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 49 Cadmium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 50 Cadmium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 51 Cadmium Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 52 Cadmium Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0 10 20 30 40 50
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 53 Cadmium Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0 10 20 30 40 50
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 54 Cadmium Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0 5 10 15 20 25
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 55 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0 5 10 15 20 25
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 56 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 57 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 58 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Freundlich Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 59 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 60 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 61 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 62 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 63 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 64 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0 10 20 30 40 50
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 65 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0 10 20 30 40 50
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 66 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0 50 100 150
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 67 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0 50 100 150
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 68 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 69 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 70 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 71 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 72 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0 10 20 30 40
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 73 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0 10 20 30 40
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 74 Cadmium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 75 Chromium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 76 Chromium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 77 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 78 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 1 2 3 4 5
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 79 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0 1 2 3 4 5
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 80 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0 1 2 3 4 5
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 81 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0 1 2 3 4 5
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 82 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 83 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - A linear S0=0 linear S0>0 Freundlich
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 84 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 85 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 86 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 87 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 88 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 89 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 90 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 91 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 92 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 93 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - A linear S0=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 94 Chromium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - B linear S0=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 95 Molybdenum Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 96 Molybdenum Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 97 Molybdenum Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 98 Molybdenum Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 99 Molybdenum Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 100 Molybdenum Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0 100 200 300 400 500
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 101 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - A linear So=0
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0 100 200 300 400 500
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 102 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - B linear So=0
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0 100 200 300 400 500
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 103 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - A linear So=0
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0 100 200 300 400 500
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 104 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 105 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -8D
linear So=0 Trial - A
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 106 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -8D
linear So=0 Trial - B
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 107 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 108 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 109 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 110 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 111 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 112 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 113 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 114 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 115 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 116 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 117 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 118 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 119 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - A linear So=0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 120 Molybdenum Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
0 20 40 60 80 100
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 121 Selenium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
0 20 40 60 80 100
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 122 Selenium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 123 Selenium Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
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)
C (ug/l)
Figure 124 Selenium Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
0 5 10 15 20
S
(
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g
/
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)
C (ug/l)
Figure 125 Selenium Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
0 5 10 15 20
S
(
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g
/
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)
C (ug/l)
Figure 126 Selenium Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 100 200 300 400 500
S
(
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g
/
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)
C (ug/l)
Figure 127 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0 100 200 300 400 500
S
(
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g
/
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)
C (ug/l)
Figure 128 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0 100 200 300 400 500
S
(
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g
/
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)
C (ug/l)
Figure 129 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0 100 200 300 400 500
S
(
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g
/
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)
C (ug/l)
Figure 130 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
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g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 131 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
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g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 132 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
S
(
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g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 133 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
S
(
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g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 134 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
S
(
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g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 135 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So=0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 136 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0 20 40 60 80 100
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 137 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -4S
Freundlich Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0 20 40 60 80 100
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 138 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 139 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - A linear So=0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 140 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 141 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 142 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 143 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 144 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 145 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 146 Selenium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 147 Thallium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 148 Thallium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 149 Thallium Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 150 Thallium Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 20 40 60 80
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 151 Thallium Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 20 40 60 80
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 152 Thallium Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 153 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Freundlich Trial - A linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 154 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - B linear So=0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 155 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - A linear So=0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 156 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 10 20 30 40 50
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 157 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 10 20 30 40 50
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 158 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 159 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - A linear So=0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 160 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 3 6 9 12 15
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 161 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 3 6 9 12 15
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 162 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 20 40 60 80
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 163 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 20 40 60 80
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 164 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 165 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 166 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 167 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 168 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 169 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 170 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 171 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 172 Thallium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 173 Vanadium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 174 Vanadium Isotherms for AB -4D
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 175 Vanadium Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 176 Vanadium Isotherms for AB -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 177 Vanadium Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 178 Vanadium Isotherms for AB -7S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 179 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 180 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -1BRU
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 181 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 182 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -7D
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 183 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 184 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -8D
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 185 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 186 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -1S
Freundlich Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 187 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 188 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -2S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 189 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - A linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 190 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -4S
Trial - B linear So=0 linear So>0 Freundlich
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 191 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 192 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -5S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 193 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 194 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -6S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 195 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 196 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -7S
Trial - B linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 197 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - A linear So=0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
S
(
u
g
/
g
)
C (ug/l)
Figure 198 Vanadium Isotherms for GWA -10S
Trial - B linear So=0