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Home My WebLink About20161266 Ver 1_670051 Archaeological AR15-04-0020 NoSitesPresent_20161220Project Tracking No.: 15-04-0020 NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES o� '��' �� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES -�� , �ap� �`� PRESENT FORM ��, �' �� ! � {�-4.�� ' This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not '�„... .� ..;�: �,+� ��-,�`.�"`-¢-� valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the ��..,�a;� Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group. PROJECT INFORMATION Project No: N/A WBS No F.A. No. 17BP.7.R.94 N/A Federal Permit Required? County: ORANGE Document: Funding: � State ❑ Yes ❑ No Permit Type: N/A ❑ Federal Project Description: NCDOT Division 7 proposes to replace Bridge No. 51 on SR 1534 (McKee Road) over Buffalo Creek in Orange County. As defined by the NCDOT, the survey area (Area of Potential Effects [APE]) for archaeology measures approximately 1,056 feet (321.87 meters) long (centered on the mid-point of the existing bridge). The study corridor is approximately 100 feet (30.48 meters) wide, extending 50 feet (15.24 meters) on each side of the centerline of the roadway/bridge. For the purposes of this review, the APE is estimated to encompass an area of slightly more than 2.42 acres (approximately .98 hectare). SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS An archaeological survey and evaluation of the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 51 on SR 1534 (McKee Road) over Buffalo Creek was conducted on February 10, 2016 by Terri Russ and Lauren Roper of Environmental Services, Inc. (ESI). As a result of the investigations, no archaeological sites were located within the project's APE. No further archaeological investigations are needed for this project. I concur with this recommendation as the proposed bridge replacement project will not impact significant archaeological resources. If the project expands and impacts subsurface areas beyond the defined APE, further archaeological consultations will be necessary. The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject project and determined: �� /1 � // There are no National Register listed or eligible ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present within the project's area of potential effects. (Attach any notes or documents as needed) No subsurface archaeological investigations were required for this project. Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources. Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources considered eligible for the National Register. All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 1 of 13 Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions: See below. SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION See attached: � Map(s) ❑ Previous Survey Info Signed: � • . . NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST Project Tracking No.: 15-04-0020 ❑Correspondence March 29, 2016 Date "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 2of13 Project Tracking No.: 15-04-0020 Bridge 51 AR15-04-0020 Environmental Services, Inc. (ESI) conducted an intensive archaeological survey for the replacement of Bridge No. 51 on SR 1534 (McKee Road) over Buffalo Creek in Orange County, North Carolina on February 10, 2016 (Figures 1 and 2). As defined by the NCDOT, the survey area (Area of Potential Effects [APE]) for archaeology measures approximately 1,056 feet (321.87 meters) long (centered on the mid-point of the existing bridge). The study corridor is approximately 100 feet (30.48 meters) wide, extending 50 feet (15.24 meters) on each side of the centerline of the roadway/bridge. Background Summary A map review and site file search conducted by NCDOT at the Ofiice of State Archaeology (OSA) on April 23, 2015 revealed that no comprehensive archaeological survey of this bridge has been conducted, and no previously recorded sites have been documented within the project's APE; however, several archaeological sites have been recorded nearby along the uplands adjacent to Buffalo Creek. These sites were recorded in 1987 during an archaeological survey for the Nello Teer North Durham Quarry (Hargrove 1987). Most of these sites have been destroyed by mining activities. A search of the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office online database (HPOWEB GIS Service) revealed no previously recorded historic architectural resources within the APE that have the potential to yield intact archaeological deposits. Topographic maps, aerial photography, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) soil survey maps, and historic maps were examined for information on natural or cultural factors that might have affected site locations or preservation. The ca. 191�1919 Rural Delivery Routes map and 1918 soils map appear to show the current road alignment for McKee Road (Figures 3 and 4). The 1951 and 1974 topographic quadrangles also appear to show the current road alignment and bridge (Figures 4 and 5). No structures are shown within the APE on any of these maps. Environmental Setting The APE is located within the Piedmont physiogaphic region and consists of the floodplain and adjacent terraces of Buffalo Creek. SR 1534 (McKee Road) crosses Buffalo Creek roughly northeast to southwest. Buffalo Creek drains south-southeast into the Little River. Map units (soil series) are named for the major soil or soils within the unit, but may have minor inclusions of other soils (NRCS 2014). The floodplain of the APE is mapped as Chewacla loam, a somewhat poorly drained, frequently flooded soil series (Table 1). The terraces on the south side of the bridge within the APE are mapped as well drained Tarrus silt loam. These soils are derived from parent material consisting of weathered metavolcanic and/ar argillite residuum. The soils along the terraces on the north side of the bridge within the APE are mapped as well drained Enon loam. The parent material of this soil series consists of saprolite derived from diorite and/or gneiss. Soil Name Chewacla loam, freq. flooded Enon loam Tarrus silt loam Table 1: Project Area Soils. Code Slope Drainage Ch 0-2% Somewhat Poorly EnC 6-12% Well TaD 8-15% Well Landform Floodplains Hillslopes on Ridge Hillslopes on Ridges The current archaeological investigation included pedestrian (visual) inspection and shovel testing within the APE. Photographs of the project area are shown as Figures 7-14. A systematic visual inspection of "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" farm for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 3of13 Project Tracking No.: 15-04-0020 the APE was undertaken to search for surface artifacts, above-ground resources, or other signs of cultural activity. A total of 32 shovel tests were excavated during the current investigation (see Figure 2 for shovel test locations). The APE was divided into four quadrants (e.g., northeast, southeast) based roughly on their locations relative to the bridge. Each quadrant of the APE is described below. Southwest Quadrant The southwest quadrant of the APE consisted of a low, wooded area gently sloping down to Buffalo Creek. Surface visibility in this portion of the APE was generally poor due to leaf litter and other groundcover. A general visual inspection of the southwest quadrant of the APE recorded no surface artifacts or evidence of historic or prehistoric cultural activity. A total of nine shovel tests were excavated in this portion of the APE (STs 1-9; see Figures 7-8). Shovel tests encountered 5 to 15 centimeters of light brown silty loam and rock over yellowish brown clay loam subsoil. No artifacts were recovered from any of the shovel tests. Northwest Quadrant The northwest quadrant of the APE included the side slope of a small ridge and floodplain of Buffalo Creek. Surface visibility in this portion of the APE was poor due to groundcover; a general visual inspection of this portion of the APE revealed no surface artifacts or evidence of historic or prehistoric cultural activity. Eight shovel tests (STs 13-20) were excavated in this portion of the APE. One shovel test (ST 12) was not excavated due to steep slope. The remaining two unexcavated shovel tests (STs 21 and 22) were located adjacent to Buffalo Creek and encountered hydric soils just below the ground surface. Soils in the excavated shovel test locations consisted of 15 centimeters or less of brown silty loam over reddish brown clay loam or dark yellowish brown clay loam and rock. No artifacts were recovered from any of the shovel tests. Southeast Quadrant The majority of the southeast quadrant of the APE consisted of a landscaped residential lawn (see Figure 11). Surface visibility in this portion of the APE was poor due to groundcover; a general visual inspection of this portion of the APE revealed no surface artifacts. Eight shovel tests were excavated within this portion of the APE (STs 24-25, 27-32). Shovel testing generally revealed up to 15 centimeters of reddish brown sandy loam over reddish brown sandy clay loam or clay loam subsoil. No artifacts were recovered from any of the shovel tests. Northeast Quadrant The northeast quadrant of the APE consisted of an overgrown former pasture in the eastern portion of the quadrant and floodplain of Buffalo Creek in the western portion of the quadrant (see Figures 12-13). A visual inspection of this portion of the APE revealed no surface artifacts or structural remains. Seven shovel tests (STs 33-39) were excavated within the wooded, upland portion of the northeast quadrant of the APE. Shovel tests encountered 15 centimeters or less of brown loam ar sandy loam over reddish brown sandy clay subsoil or yellowish brown sandy clay and rock. No artifacts were recovered from these shovel tests. Excavated shovel tests measured 30 centimeters in diameter and were excavated to sterile subsoil, hydric/saturated soils, or the water table (whichever was encountered first). All soils were excavated by natural levels (soil strata) and screened through a 0.25-inch hardware mesh. No artifacts were recovered from any of the shovel tests. "NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT" farm for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement. 4of13 Project Tracking No.: 15-04-0020 Based on the results of the background research and field investigations, no archaeological resources are located within the APE for Bridge No. 51 in Orange County. It is recommended that this project be allowed to proceed without concern for impacts to significant cultural resources. Should the boundary of the proposed APE be expanded or moved, additional archaeological investigations may be necessary, as determined in consultation with the NCDOT and/or SHPO per the Programmatic Agreement. REFERENCES CITED Hargrove, T. H. 1987 An Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Proposed Site of the Nello Teer North Durham Quarry, Rougemont Vicinity, Durham and Orange Counties. Archaeological Research Consultants, Inc. Raleigh, North Carolina National Geographic Society/ESRI 2011 Rougemont, North Carolina. I-cubed Seamless USGS Quadrangle. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) 2014 Orange County, North Carolina Soil Survey. Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agiculture Web Soil Survey. http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda. o�v/ accessed 2 February 2016. United States Bureau of Soils: North Carolina Department of Agriculture 1918 Soil Map, North Carolina, Orange County Sheet. On iile, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/sin�leitem/collection/ncmaps/id/313/rec/27 accessed 1 February 2016. United States Geological Survey (USGS) 1951 Durham North, N.C., 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map. Historical Topographic Map Collection. http://historicalmaps.arcgis.com/us�s/ accessed 1 February 2016. 1974 Rougemont, N.C., 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map. Historical Topographic Map Collection. http://historicalmaps.arcgis.com/us�s/ accessed 1 February 2016. United States Post Office Department 1919 Rural Delivery Routes, Orange County, N. C., between 1910 and 1919. On file, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/6666/rec/21 accessed 2 February 2016. 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REGISTFR FLIGBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SI'!'ES PRESF.NT" %�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend. 6of13 Project Tracking No.: ]5-04-0020 :� �. `'� ' ,' � �` .;�`. � Project Boundary (APE) .,ij� X '' � � � �� + � • ShQval Test- Negative �(� 1 � `1� ; ' ` ,,.�, ti� �} � Shovel Test- Not Dug * *� �:. ' , � � r �Y} , . � �r�� fl 75 150 � �' � i . � 1.. 1 S , � . .t+ �. ,��'- .11 �.. �,� � y h � _ ! k � �J r . �� ' � ! Source:� ESRI wodd �ase iayers�, f'roject Boundary � � � �J "�' � -r ' !�, /. � provided 6y NGDOT �. � +E - � ' � w t � �, ��!-' r.��' �� o�� i rh . o d p E d Mn � rg sr -..� t,�Hq�i� �. ��;•.� �+- � '�}. .?��.a j .,. I I d_ F df. ,_ •'��61 y1 .�{ � ` Y: � I. L, l I . -.; _-..., �+Y� "M.� i•� _ �t� �� n� + .I � f`� �;�1� ` � �! � �j i , ��. �' Y +,� �� , Ail � i+ � � � ;� �'� �;. ru � �j � ~ H` 1 i . � A . �� 'q,� +s j,.; �� . M �. 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REGISTFR FLIGBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SI'!'ES PRESF.NT" %�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend. 7of13 Project Tracking No.: ]5-04-0020 _ _ �, �- �� . � � � �, . � �. `_ , `� ,-1 Approximate Project Area �•�' �-.!�"-' Figure 3. ca. 1910-1919 Rural Delivery Route, Orange County Figure 4. 1918 Soils Map of Orange County "NO NATIONAl. REGISTFR FLIGBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SI'!'ES PRESF.NT" %�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend. 8of13 Project Tracking No.: ]5-04-0020 Figure 5. 1951 Topographic Quadrangle (Duyhain NoYZh, N.C.) � �1 � �� }`\��' 1 ��!. r � �,}r'1; \ � �� :�� ; � � ��, � � �� ,��•. - � � , � � a . �, � � , ,,� �i � . ,, �: � I!� Approximate Project Area I \�l;,�, _ --- ��. .. � �_ .. , �� =�� ..i� �°..�� _ - -- - _ _ ' _-_ ��-�� _ , , _ - - - _- . _ . Figure 6. 1974 Topographic Quadrangle (Rougemont, N.C.) "NO NAY70NAl. REGISTFR FLIGBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SI'!'ES PRESF.NT" %�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend. 9of13 Project Tracking No.: ]5-04-0020 Figure 7. Southwest Quadrant of APE, facing Northeast Figure 8. Southwest Quadrant of APE, facing North (towards McKee Road) "NO NATIONAl. REGISTFR FLIGBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SI'!'ES PRESF.NT" %�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend. 10 of l3 �- � _ ',•dF �b. � + � r t� .' � V�,�N �� . * � -1�';r ^� ` Y k .. � � � � �"� , w`� . � �,�-. �. .�' , � � .� � � � . � ; , ': P � � - �'`.[ J 4M ¢ _ g• � �} � s-�t. ;: w y '� . " !� � -.�,4 . �. § � ;� � • s � � . � �� y �� v i ,'• w , r c r' �� `_ t.� o ��t: ,� � x .s ... , �r � � j r � ' � 3t � ,k. '� i� � a' g� i .� � uJ�� .� �Lr-.0 ��' (� i, , � i % d�r � 1 � �� . ` � � � �4:�� '§�,� � � �� - �'�y� \Is � d �,1� �� .� - 'ab.- �aa �"s.:�.-a. a a,� � �.'r - .� �a�, h m �� ° . . '",� `� 3's � � ,.. r = ! �:� �� _. '� ��r ' �, :4.: � n t o��. � � � s ' � � � 'r � W� � .e,,. rv r ' ,� "� .+�u� . �i�U � . i J�m°.�' �` 4; A� '� ��x �'�R .. ��{ � � � � 4 � ` �9 R �;6 L k iN' * } ..� � �ro�" w,Y � � °s� ,�srw � -,��,.r'.. ,� ' . ar ,. .r� '�� +�,, ,� '�� `- F r y . . �� a �� ',�' Y � = t^ � 'C''�. 4 _r ;� a r x��y ^`' �'kx � t � .;� t ,ti. � � Y �� . . .,$I q ` � ' Y� .�J � . �r ;�r�. . n-w" �" 7. �. 'te��r�'a'°.c.s � � ��; h� �� 1 - � t ��%��'� , :K.�ra-��,. k� � �' i . ..w�a��. e ::�::,'6 �t'+rr �,-vy!�, r:, t,; �- Figure 9. Northwest Quadrant of APE, facing West Project Tracking No.: ]5-04-0020 Y :- Y ,Gq.� {{{ Vfi �} r' �' y'..". S Y � 'k . ;�` �e . r= �,> �� ; b ��°. - �� r� � � ii. � � �� iE� '°" ��,��. .� ' � �� ': � y �4 r �' s �� f $� 1 ��` d � � � : � � - �; r y � ' 3"°' d �� : � �� yt i n � x � �.� �` � ��e` 1 � v �� .._. h ,�,?!q-' Figure 10. View of Bridge No. 51 from Northwest Quadrant of APE, facing East "NO NAY70NAl. REGISTFR FLIGBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SI'!'ES PRESF.NT" %�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend. 11 of l3 Project Tracking No.: ]5-04-0020 Figure 11. Southeast Quadrant of APE, facing Northeast ._ � ;m�, ��.�� -�,,,. � � �N ,, � �� y�.i3°'� a„��` -. � ' � `,,, �� ,� ', , � k. � � a y�; � ��'�a .. ��r�� : � �� .�, �' ��. F �.�-� e �;,.*' � . , , ��. > _ � �?i"' : r , .F�' ?�"i : '+�iiq'' Yb� �1 A-; � :_ a ��$ R°i` ' ��. ,r i }�'' � 3°.� � u.a 3 �,* -� % ��`'t� ` i ti`` � .� � �; af � '� '`a� rY � [ ! e., � � 1 �� „ , �� $ ,� � �"a �� ft � ��ir 1�'� � � s � r .� �ti ��9 rw,��§ � �_ � � � � � Y �� f -�� - . x � ��i�. y g� . �'4,� '� .d � �,.:� � s �. � �' ; " l r . � ., Y'�"`�.-ur. x 4 '� ^ ` k , y A �G 1 � Rq � � . + .: � � # - \,` . 6� ,f�, �y � ' • �7 � ,� � w �� . � .; � '4 �' � �Y.. � ,''�,y �� 7 $ � '�' .' . �.� � M i � �,� � ,g f . p �°��f y d * i. �.I�' ��t' 3 �.�,��~ . -�, ��G � �� 4j � � �. F �#, :.�e i :. s �1 � � 5 _. � � .t � � . . E, � t �;'� �'.i : : a- � ,. � � �� , � y �, 1. �� . E. � ;p . if� V P"� J�q�`� ��. 1� Y a .�, .. � M�. e �'��5 y .i ` r�!.�r4 �' f g A V. , � '��[�y �m iy� j f ! d � _ i t ! l �� . x � 4 J` �� f I:�1 M� F� " f ��'M1 V4 ' � �A� � •�� ., < � Y�;, �'��t�� , �� .yj', � ��i: ti�i .r. '_� _ '_ RI �I.. # ! �p4 � ��l�n • i � �'' - y ! -3� � l' . �, . `l �� f � !�z i �', �.:I�j�+�, � l� 4. 4144� 'j F « �4. ; x� . 1 �. { ~'"w� r:� sa,, '�',.:.� �� 'a' � ,`5 / J d"f'•: 'j `� �., .'.�C i' {�, h� �t . . �� . � �� i � �s�:� : , r -'.. r+C �6. , r. _ ,: i ,: � ' • � .�, - . �rs -8- : - - ' ' _� +. � � _�., ; .._ Figure 12. Northcast Quadrant of APE, facing Southwest "NO NATIONAl. REGISTFR FLIGBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SI'!'ES PRESF.NT" %�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend. 12 of l3 Project Tracking No.: ]5-04-0020 Figure 13. Northeast Quadrant of APE, facing Southwest ',��` �� y �� ::�`,�` � x� �,��" ' -�,`� ��' � ,a' ��,��.�' � t';� �� '� !,�,�� ,�'�, � ,�,�� ,.� � , � �� 3�� n"`':: :�: ",.�� ; � ,r>�7 , ? �,�� i C - � ,. a, � . � �3 • . . ��.. z � :�� A �a p{ ' =�r :.<� �', p��. �'�.,� I'.,_.�Y��,��,` � �/� - n > ��' � : 1 � 7,. ,� �.: m w ,� �.' T.'"f -�� e � �� i � � � ' ,.,�� ;�. ;�, - _ � ,t .f' � 11."�Y ��'fi '� � �,{ � k t`�XY=,r 3;k . � ��~ �p a ��'i`u � ��(j.9 . � ��Y ` � ��hh 9i��4. �I kt�L#� r t - � `'. �! �. '� f .; � � � � �t � � � � 4��''.� � rt, � � �c , n ' � �`�r�, �,mbw �'�y�a':'+t` f � a � � ,� + .�� wa . +�' . � a� �' � ,�„ ^4 : i � ' ' . 1"�i , r,�y�„ ._ . ' `a �� . � � : � � �� . � � � .e� � � � - �'' a.� ' - d " +�� !� �' e� � ' ,� ;,,; '� ��`�;v�� .�j -� � ...�r � � n�!'', � �� . � � �� w ' , ' , f ° , �v - 1R� �y� E,�� '�� - � .` - � �;� 't��z.�:� � .,. " >�,,, �. �'�� _. e -� � � �� P,T',�� _ .. �5"`.,t.S^ . `!-__�' ; . �_ � Figure 14. Bridge No. 51, facing South "NO NATIONAl. REGISTFR FLIGBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SI'!'ES PRESF.NT" %�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend. 13 of l3