20081368 Ver 1_Year 2 Monitoring Report_20080527

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ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT
YEAR 2 2007 Ny'????®sYSr ???
(Contract Number D05015-3)
BROGDEN ROAD BUFFER RESTORATION SITE
JOHNSTON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared for:
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
ECOSYSTEM ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
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PROGRAM
Prepared by:
Restoration Systems, L.L.C.
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 107
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
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ARCADIS 4tr nE?v 2 , 2008
ARCADIS G&M of North Carolina, IncN?SgN?srMwA
801 Corporate Center Drive, Suite 300
Raleigh, North Carolina 27607
August 2007
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Restoration Systems, LLC (Restoration Systems) has completed riparian buffer restoration at the
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site (hereafter referred to as the "Site") to assist the North
Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) in fulfilling restoration goals in the region.
The Site is located approximately 0.25 mile south of Smithfield, in Johnston County. This
portion of Johnston County is located centrally within Neuse River Basin 14-digit Targeted
Local Watershed 03020201140010.
The Site encompasses approximately 15 acres immediately adjacent to unnamed tributaries to the
Neuse River. A total of 15 Buffer Mitigation Units, resulting from 15 acres of buffer restoration,
were completed in January 2006.
Prior to restoration, Site land use consisted of agricultural fields utilized for row crop production.
Site stream banks were characterized by little or no vegetation and extensive erosion. Excessive
runoff during storms from nearby Interstate 95 appeared to have exacerbated stream bank
erosion problems caused by previous onsite land use.
Site reforestation, consisting of a Mesic Pine Flatwoods community, was implemented within the
entire 15-acre Site. The primary goals of this buffer restoration project focused on reforestation
of the Site with native species to 1) improve water quality; 2) enhance flood attenuation; 3)
reduce sedimentation/siltation; 4) increase channel bank stability; 5) filter and reduce pollutants
prior to entering the Neuse River; 6) serve as a wildlife corridor by providing connectivity to
forested areas adjacent to the Site; 7) provide increased habitat for aquatic and terrestrial
wildlife; 8) increase organic matter, carbon export, and woody debris in the stream corridor; 9)
restore shade to open waters; 10) increase potential for freshwater mussel recruitment; 11)
enhance macroinvertebrate species populations in the channel; 12) augment the existing Mesic
Pine Flatwoods Natural Community documented by the North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program (NCNHP) just northeast of the Site; and 13) expand potential red-cockaded woodpecker
(Picoides borealis) foraging habitat for populations documented by the North Carolina Natural
Heritage Program (NCNHP) approximately 0.3 mile and 0.9 mile northeast of the Site.
As a whole, the densities of four vegetation plots across the Site were above the required 320
stems/acre with an average of 1,032 tree stems per acre in the Second Monitoring Year (Year
2007). All individual vegetation plots met success criteria and had good species diversity with 6
to 11 Character Tree Species present within each plot. Average stems per acre nearly doubled
across the Site compared to 2006 monitoring data; however, species diversity decreased slightly.
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site page i
Annual Monitoring Report August 2007
Year 2 (2007) Restoration Systems, LLC
I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................1
2.0 VEGETATION MONITORING PROGRAM ............................................................................. 4
2.1 Vegetation Success Criteria ............................................................................................... 4
2.2 Vegetation Sampling Results and Comparison to Success Criteria ..................................... 6
3.0 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................ 6
4.0 REFERENCES ...........................................................................................................................8
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Character Tree Species ................................................................................................. 4
Table 2. 2007 Vegetation Monitoring Data and Results ............................................................. 7
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Site Location .............................................................................................................. 2
Figure 2. Monitoring Plan .......................................................................................................... 5
APPENDICES
Appendix A. Vegetation Plot Photographs
Appendix B. Wildlife Observations
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site
Annual Monitoring Report
Year 2 (2007)
page ii
August 2007
Restoration Systems, LLC
BROGDEN ROAD BUFFER RESTORATION SITE
ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT
YEAR 2 (2007)
JOHNSTON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Restoration Systems, LLC (Restoration Systems) has completed riparian buffer restoration at the
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site (hereafter referred to as the "Site") to assist the North
Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP) in fulfilling restoration goals in the region. The
Site is located approximately 0.25 mile south of Smithfield, in Johnston County (Figure 1).
The Site conservation easement encompasses 15 acres immediately adjacent to unnamed
tributaries to the Neuse River within subbasin 03-04-02 of the Neuse River Basin. The Site is part
of United States Geological Survey Catalog Unit 03020201 of the South Atlantic/Gulf Region and
is encompassed within a watershed that has been targeted for restoration needs (Targeted Local
Watershed 03020201140010) (NCWRP 2002).
A Detailed Buffer Restoration Plan was completed for the Site in July 2005. The plan outlined
methods designed to reforest the entire 15-acre Site with native species. Prior to implementation,
the entire Site was composed of row-crop agriculture. The following implemented activities
provide 15 Buffer Mitigation Units as requested under the EEP Request for Proposal (RFP) 16-
D05015 dated October 22, 2004:
• Restoration of approximately 15 acres of riparian buffer through planting with native forest
species.
• Protection of the Site in perpetuity with a conservation easement which is held by the State
of North Carolina.
The primary goals of this buffer restoration project focused on reforestation of the entire 15-acre Site with
native species to 1) improve water quality; 2) enhance flood attenuation; 3) reduce sedimentation/siltation;
4) increase channel bank stability; 5) filter and reduce pollutants prior to entering the Neuse River; 6) serve
as a wildlife corridor by providing connectivity to forested areas adjacent to the Site; 7) provide increased
habitat for aquatic and terrestrial wildlife; 8) increase organic matter, carbon export, and woody debris in
the stream corridor; 9) restore shade to Site open waters; 10) increase potential for appropriate mussel
habitat; 11) enhance characteristic macroinvertebrate species populations in the channel; 12) augment the
existing Mesic Pine Flatwoods Natural Community documented by the North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program (NCNHP) just northeast of the Site; and 13) expand potential red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides
borealis) foraging habitat for populations documented by the NCNHP approximately 0.3 mile and 0.9 mile
northeast of the Site.
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site
Annual Monitoring Report
page 1
August 2007
Year 2 (2007) Restoration Systems
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Source: 1977 North Carolina Atlas and Gazetteer, pp. 63.
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801 Corporate Center Dr SITE LOCATION
Suite 300 BROGDEN ROAD
Raleigh, NC 27607
Tel.[phone] BUFFER RESTORATION SITE FIGURE 1
A- RCADIS Fax.[phone] Johnston County, North Carolina
The primary goals were accomplished by:
1. Removing non-point sources of pollution associated with agricultural production including
a) cessation of broadcasting fertilizer, pesticides, and other agricultural materials into and
adjacent to Site streams and b) providing a vegetative buffer adjacent to streams to treat
surface runoff.
2. Reducing sedimentation in onsite and downstream receiving waters through a) reduction of
bank erosion associated with agricultural practices, b) filter surface runoff from adjacent
land and reduce particulate matter deposited into area waterways, and c) planting a forested
buffer adjacent to Site streams.
3. Promoting floodwater attenuation by revegetating Site floodplains thereby promoting
increased frictional resistance on floodwaters crossing Site floodplains.
4. Providing wildlife habitat including a forested riparian corridor.
As constructed, the Site provides 15 acres of riparian buffer restoration (15 Buffer Mitigation
Units).
On July 1, 2005, EEP contracted with Restoration Systems to complete restoration of the Site. A
Detailed Buffer Restoration Plan was completed for the project in July 2005. Upon completion of
the detailed plan, Bruton Nurseries and Landscapes planted the Site during the first week of
January 2006. Axiom Environmental, Inc. completed an As-built Mitigation Report in April 2006.
Information on project managers, owners, and contractors follows:
Owner Information
Restoration Systems, L.L.C.
George Howard and John Preyer
1101 Haynes Street, Suite 107
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
[phone]
Designer & Year One Monitoring Firm Information Planting Contractor Information
Axiom Environmental, Inc. Bruton Nurseries and Landscapes
W. Grant Lewis Charlie Bruton
2126 Rowland Pond Drive PO Box 1197
Willow Spring, North Carolina 27592 Fremont, North Carolina 27830
[phone]
Year Two Monitoring Firm Information
ARCADIS G&M of North Carolina, Inc.
Ben Furr and Keven Duerr
801 Corporate Center Drive, Suite 300
Raleigh, NC 27607
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site
Annual Monitoring Report
page 3
August 2007
Year 2 (2007) Restoration Systems
2.0 VEGETATION MONITORING PROGRAM
Monitoring procedures for vegetation were designed in accordance with Stream Mitigation
Guidelines (USACE et al. 2003) and the Draft Internal Guidance for Vegetation Monitoring Plans
for NCWRP Riparian Buffer and Wetland Restoration Projects (undated). A general discussion of
the plant community restoration monitoring program is provided. Monitoring of restoration
efforts will be performed for a minimum of 5 years or until success criteria are fulfilled. The
locations of monitoring plots are depicted in Figure 2.
Quantitative second year sampling was conducted on August 10, 2007. Future quantitative
vegetation sampling will be performed between June 1 and September 30 of each monitoring year
for five years or until the vegetation success criteria are achieved. Four sample transects were
installed within planted areas of the Site shortly after replanting to equally represent the Site
(Figure 2). Each transect is 300 feet in length and 8 feet in width (0.055 acre). In each sample
plot, vegetation parameters monitored include species composition and species density. Visual
observations of the percent cover of shrub and herbaceous species were also noted. Photographs
of the 4 vegetation plots are included in Appendix A.
2.1 Vegetation Success Criteria
Success criteria have been established to verify that the vegetation component is dependent upon
density and growth of "Character Tree Species." Character Tree Species include planted species,
those observed in forest stands near the Site, and those listed in the Mesic Pine Flatwood
community descriptions from Classification of the Natural Communities of North Carolina
(Schafale and Weakley 1990). All planted canopy tree species and those identified in Schafale
and Weakley (1990) will be utilized to define "Character Tree Species" as termed in the success
criteria.
Table 1. Character Tree Species
Planted Species I Examples of Mesic Pine Flatwood Species*
River Birch (Betula nigra)
Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda)
White Oak (Quercus alba)
Southern Red Oak (Quercus falcata)
Swamp Chestnut Oak (Quercus michauxii)
Water Oak (Quercus nigra)
Cherrybark Oak (Quercus pagoda)
Willow Oak (Quercus phellos)
Mockernut Hickory (Carya alba)
Sand Hickory (Carya pallida)
Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris)
Bluejack Oak (Quercus incana)
Post Oak (Quercus stellata)
Blackjack Oak (Quercus marilandica)
Black Gum (Nyssa sylvatica)
Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra)
Flowering Dogwood (Corpus Florida)
* Species described in Schafale and Weakley (1990) and observed in adjacent sites; this is not a comprehensive list.
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site
Annual Monitoring Report
page 4
August 2007
Year 2 (2007) Restoration Systems
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Vegetation success criteria for the Site will be the existence of an overall density of at least 320
stems per acre five years after the initial planting. Additional seedlings are expected to be
recruited to the Site from adjacent forested communities. These individuals may also be counted
in the overall success rate for the Site provided they are native hardwood tree species.
If vegetation success criteria are not achieved based on average density calculations from
combined plots over the entire restoration area, supplemental planting may be performed with
Character Tree Species. Supplemental planting will be performed as needed until achievement of
vegetation success criteria.
No quantitative sampling requirements are proposed for herb assemblages as part of the vegetation
success criteria. Development of floodplain forests over several decades will dictate the success in
recruitment and establishment of desired understory and groundcover populations. Visual
estimates of the percent cover of herbaceous species will be noted and documented through
periodic photographs. Photographs of the vegetation plots are included in Appendix A.
2.2 Vegetation Sampling Results and Comparison to Success Criteria
Quantitative sampling of vegetation was conducted on August 10, 2007. Results are provided in
Table 2. Vegetation success criteria for year 2 (320 stems per acre) were exceeded for the 2007
annual monitoring year with 1,032 tree stems per acre across the Site. All individual vegetation
plots met success criteria and had good species diversity with 6 to 11 Character Tree Species
present within each plot.
3.0 CONCLUSIONS
In summary, as a whole, vegetation plots across the Site were above the required 320 stems/acre
with an average of 1,032 tree stems per acre in the Second Monitoring Year (Year 2007). All
individual vegetation plots met success criteria and had good species diversity with 6 to 11
Character Tree Species present within each plot. The average number of stems per acre nearly
doubled across the Site compared to 2006 monitoring data, however, species diversity decreased
slightly.
Documented animal species that utilize the developing wetland ecosystem are listed in Appendix
B.
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site
Annual Monitoring Report
page 6
August 2007
Year 2 (2007) Restoration Systems
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4.0 REFERENCES
North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP). 2002. North Carolina Wetlands Restoration
Program Neuse River Basin Watershed Restoration Plan. North Carolina Department of
Environment and Natural Resources, Raleigh.
North Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program (NCWRP). Undated. Draft Internal Guidance for
Vegetation Monitoring Plans for NCWRP Riparian Buffer and Wetland Restoration Projects.
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Raleigh, North Carolina.
Schafale, M.P., A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities of North Carolina: Third
Approximation, NC Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks and Recreation, NC DEM,
Raleigh NC.
United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), United States Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA), North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC), Natural Resources
Conservation Service (MRCS), and North Carolina Division of Water Quality (NCDWQ). 2003.
Stream Mitigation Guidelines. State of North Carolina.
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site page 8
Annual Monitoring Report August 2007
Year 2 (2007) Restoration Systems
APPPENDIX A
VEGETATION PLOT PHOTOGRAPHS
Plot 1
Plot 3
Brogden Road Buffer Restoration Site
Year 2 (2007) Annual Monitoring Report
Vegetation Plot Photographs Taken August 2007
Plot 2
APPPENDIX B
WILDLIFE OBSERVATIONS
WILDLIFE OBSERVED AT BROGDEN ROAD RESTORATION SITE
Au ust 2007

BIRDS*
Common Name Scientific Name
Red-tailed Hawk Buteo 'amaicensis
Common Crow Corvus brach rh nchos
Chipping Sparrow S izella asserina
Morning Dove Zenaida macroura
Prairie Warbler Dendroica discolor
Eastern Towhee Pi ilo a thro hthalmus
Common Grackle Quiscalus uiscula

*Bird list: The Sibley Guide to Birds by David Allen Sibley. National Audubon Society.
2000. Chanticleer Press, Inc.

Observation incidental to other fieldwork