20010404 Ver 1_Monitoring Report_20080527 (2)

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ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2007
Monitoring Year 2
SALT Mitigation Site
Cape Fear River Basin,
Moore County, North Carolina
RECEIVED
NC ECOSYSTEM
ENHANCEMENTPROGRAM
Submitted to:
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Ecosystem Enhancement Program
Raleigh, North Carolina
l c ystem
Effl(?? t-o1:lmp
MAY 2 7 2008
DEN, - v,'ATER QU,AUTY
WETLANDS AND STORMWATER WAKH
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 2
1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................... 2
1.2 PURPOSE ................................................................................................. 2
1.3 PROJECT HISTORY ................................................................................. 2
2.0 HYDROLOGY ..................................................................................................... ..4
2.1 SUCCESS CRITERIA .............................................................................. .. 4
2.2 HYDROLOGIC DESCRIPTION ............................................................... .. 4
2.3 RESULTS OF HYDROLOGIC MONITORING ......................................... .. 6
2.3.1 Site Data ....................................................................................... .. 6
2.3.2 Climatic Data ................................................................................. .. 9
2.4 CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................... .. 9
3.0 VEG ETATION .................................................................................................... 11
3.1 SUCCESS CRITERIA .............................................................................. 11
3.2 DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES .................................................................. 12
3.3 RESULTS OF VEGETATION MONITORING .......................................... 13
3.4 CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................................... 13
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................... 13
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Site Location Map ........................................................................................... 3
Figure 2. Monitoring Gauge Location Map ..................................................................... 5
Figure 3. 2006 Hydrologic Monitoring Results ................................................................ 8
Figure 4. 30-70 Percentile Graph, New Bern, NC ........................................................ 10
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Hydrologic Monitoring Results .......................................................................... 6
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A GAUGE DATA GRAPHS
APPENDIX B VEGETATION PLOT LOCATIONS, SITE PHOTOS
' The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement Project
Project No. 92675
SUMMARY
' The 327 acre Sandhills Area Land Trust (SALT) Wetland Mitigation Site in Moore
County, North Carolina serves as mitigation for the R-210 (US Bypass). This mitigation
site was acquired by NCDOT in 1998 and put into permanent conservation status at that
' time. The following report summarizes the monitoring activities conducted in 2007 at
the (SALT) site. Monitoring Year 1 data were collected in 2006 by NCDOT - Roadside
Environmental Unit. Monitoring Year 2 (2007) represents the first year of hydrologic
' and vegetation monitoring conducted by The Louis Berger Group, Inc.
To be considered successful the SALT site must demonstrate hydrologic and vegetation
' success for a minimum of five years. Hydrologic success criteria are based on the
approved mitigation plan (NCDOT 2000) and require that the site show saturation or
inundation within one foot of the soil surface for at least 12.5% of the growing season. In
' 2007, 12 of the 13 gauges recorded data that demonstrated the presence of wetland
hydrology for greater than 12.5% of the growing season.
' Of the 24.5 acres of planting on this site, approximately 15.9 acres involved bottomland
hardwood tree planting. Approximately 8.6 acres of upland buffer were planted with
longleaf pine. Four vegetation-monitoring plots were established by DOT throughout
' the bottomland hardwood planting area. The 2007 vegetation monitoring of the site
revealed an average tree density of 527 trees per acre. This average is above the
minimum success criteria of 320 trees per acre.

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Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) FINAL

' The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement Proiect
Project No. 92675
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
The Sandhills Area Land Trust (SALT) Mitigation Site serves as mitigation for the R-210
' (US-Bypass). The 327-acre site is located in southern Moore County, along the Little
River, near the town of Lobelia (Figure 1). The 327-acre site includes 48 acres of
wetland restoration and 169 acres of wetland enhancement.
1.2 Purpose
' In order to demonstrate successful mitigation, hydrologic and vegetation monitoring
must be conducted for a minimum of five years or until the site is deemed successful.
Success criteria are based on federal guidelines for wetland mitigation and as stipulated
' in the approved mitigation plan. Criteria for hydrologic conditions and vegetation
survival are included in this document. Also included in this report are analyses of
hydrologic and vegetation-monitoring results, discussions of local climate conditions
' throughout the growing season and site photographs.
1.3 Project History

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December 2001 Site KG Sheared and Drum Chopped
July 2002 Site Sprayed
February 2003 Site Planted
January 2006 Ditches Plugged
January 2006 Monitoring Gauges reprogrammed
March-November 2006 Hydrologic Monitoring (Year 1)
February 2007 Vegetation Monitoring (Year 1)
April - October 2007 Hydrologic Monitoring (Year 2)
August 2007 Vegetation Monitoring (Year 2)
Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) FINAL 2
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The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement Project
Project No. 92675
2.0 HYDROLOGY
2.1 Success Criteria
The hydrologic success criteria established for the SALT Mitigation Site require that
saturated or inundated conditions be present within the upper 12 inches of soil for at
least 12.5% of the growing season. Alternatively, hydrology success criteria may be
established through comparison of well data between the wetland restoration area and
the reference wetland (i.e. depth to groundwater). The reference hydroperiod will be
compared to the restoration areas which must exceed 75 percent of the hydroperiod
exhibited by the reference gauges, located within the same physiographic landscape
area.
The growing season of Moore County begins on April 9 and ends October 26. The
' dates correspond to a 50% probability that surface air temperature will be above 280
between April 9 and October 261; thus, the growing season is 201 days. Local climate
must represent normal conditions for the area.
' 2.2 Hydrologic Description
' Monitoring data for 2007 represents the second year of hydrologic monitoring for the
site. The groundwater gauges are set to record ground water levels three times daily.
Figure 2 is a graphical representation of gauge locations throughout the SALT site.
Rain gauge data were not available from the site during the 2007 monitoring period.
Precipitation data was gathered from the National Climatic Data Center affiliated with
NOAA2. The official weather station from which the precipitation data was collected
from is located approximately 8 miles from the site at Ft. Bragg's water treatment plant
in Spring Lake, North Carolina.
Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) FINAL 4

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' The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement Project
Project No. 92675
Results of Hydrologic Monitoring
' 2.2.1 Site Data
The SALT site experienced extreme drought conditions throughout the 2007 growing
' season. When compared to the average rainfall amounts from historical data covering
the period of 1964-2006, rainfall amounts at the SALT site were generally below
average (Figure 4).

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The maximum number of consecutive days that saturation occurred within 12-inches of
the ground surface was determined for each groundwater monitoring gauge. This
number was converted into a percentage of the 201-day growing season (April 9 -
October 26). Table 1 provides the 2007 hydrologic results; Figure 3 provides a
graphical representation of these results. Appendix A includes graphs of the data
recorded at each groundwater gauge.
Table 1. 2007 Hydrologic Monitoring Results
Monitoring Gauge >12.5% Actual % Success Dates
STGW1 X 100 April 9-October 26
STGW2 X 100 April 9-October 26
STGW3 X 100 April 9-October 26
STGW4 X 53.7 April 9-July 25
STGW5 X 53.7 April 9-July 25
STGW6 X 60.2 April 9-August 7
STGW8 X 14.4 April 9-May 7
STGW9 4.4 April 12-April 20
STGW10 X 15.9 April 9-May 10
STGW11 X 22.9 April 9-May 29
STGW12 X 30.0 April 9-May 24
STGW13 X 26.4 April 9-May 31
STGW14 X 23.9 April 9-May 26
A summary table comparing Hydrologic Monitoring Results for Monitoring Year 1 and
Monitoring Year 2 is provided below.
Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) FINAL 6
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' The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement Proiect
Project No. 92675
1 2.2.2 Climatic Data
' Figure 4 is a comparison of 2007 monthly rainfall to historical precipitation for the area.
This comparison indicates whether 2007 was "average" in terms of climate conditions
by comparing the 2007 monthly rainfall to that of historical monthly rainfall. The figure
' averages all rainfall data collected between 1964 and 2006 and compares two historical
rainfall values per month the 30th percentile and 70th percentile values, (the values
below which 30 percent and 70 percent of all observations may be found) with the
' actual 2007 monthly rainfall amount. The NOAA National Data Office provided all
historical rainfall data"'.
' This graph depicts the general precipitation conditions for the surrounding area.
Consistent with the Palmer drought index review, 2007 was a below average rainfall
year for the Ft. Bragg area and the SALT site'". During February, March, May, August,
September, and October rainfall amounts were below historic averages. Rainfall
' amounts during April and June were normal.

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Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) FINAL 9

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The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
Project No. 92675
3.0 VEGETATION: SALT MITIGATION SITE
' 3.1 Success Criteria
Vegetation success criteria established for the SALT Mitigation Site requires survival of
320 planted seedling stems per acre at the conclusion of the first three years of
' monitoring. This survival criterion will decrease by 10% per year after the third year of
vegetation monitoring (i.e., for an expected 290 stems per acre for Year 4, and 260
stems per acre for Year 5). The number of plants of one species is not to exceed 20%
of the total number of plants of all species planted. Vegetation will be inventoried by
counting planted woody stems rooted within established sample plots (Appendix B) and
recording the quantity per species. For each of the four vegetation plots, the sampling
' methodology followed DOT Stem Counting Protocol.
3.2 Description of Species
' The following species were planted in the Wetland Restoration Area:
Chamaecyparis thyoides, Atlantic White Cedar
' Taxodium distichum, Baldcypress
Quercus laurifolia, Laurel Oak
' Nyssa sylvatica var. biflora, Swamp Blackgum
Quercus nigra, Water Oak
' Quercus phellos, Willow Oak

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Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) FINAL
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' The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
Project No. 92675

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3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring
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1 5 1 7 8 21 27 365.90
2 5 3 5 13 39 226.51
3 5 4 2 10 10 2 33 46 574.99
4 18 4 7 3 19 3 54 50 940.90
TOTAL 33 8 10 16 36 18 121 162 2108.3
Average Tree Densi : 527.08
Approximately 15.9 acres of the SALT Mitigation Site were planted as a bottomland
hardwood forest community. There were four vegetation monitoring plots established
within this area. The 2007 vegetation monitoring data indicated an average density at
' 527 stems/acre, an increase from 2006 average density at 440 stems/acre. This
average is above the minimum success criteria of 320 trees per acre.
t A summary table of the vegetation monitoring results in both monitoring years 1 and 2 is
provided below.

Atlantic white Bald cypress Laurel oak Swamp Water Oak Willowoak Total Tote I(at Density (Treeslacre)
Plots Year l Year 2 Year 1 Year 2 Year 1 Year 2 Year 1 Year 2 Year l Year 2 Year l Year 2 Year 1 Year 2 Planting) Year 1 Year 2
1 7 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 7 7 8 8 22 21 27 554 365.9
2 6 5 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 3 5 11 13 39 192 226.51
3 5 5 4 4 2 2 6 10 7 10 4 2 28 33 46 414 574.99
4 17 18 7 4 5 7 4 3 6 19 6 3 44 54 50 578 940.9
TOTAL 35 33 11 8 9 10 10 16 20 36 21 18 105 121 162 1738 2108.3
Average Tree Density Year 1: 440, Year 2: 527
4.0 Overall Conclusions/Recommendations
' 2007 represents the second year of monitoring for the SALT Mitigation Site. During
2007, twelve of the thirteen hydrologic gauges met the jurisdictional wetland hydrology
criteria for greater than 12.5% of the growing season. Groundwater Monitoring Gauge 9
' is the only monitoring gauge that did not meet the success criteria. During monitoring
activities, Berger personnel observed that beaver activity had raised water levels in the
vicinity of monitoring gauges 1, 2, and 3. These wells were completely submerged until
' August and again in October. Data in Appendix A reflect these conditions. NCEEP
reported that successful beaver trapping had been carried out in November 2007.
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Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) FINAL 12

' The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
Project No. 92675
Three of the four vegetation monitoring plots yielded stem densities above the success
criteria. In both Monitoring Year 1 (2006) and Monitoring Year 2 (2007) the average
' densities for Plot 2 did not meet the success criteria of 320 stems/acre; the 2006
average density was reported at 192 stems/acre and the 2007 average density at 226
stems/acre. The monitoring report for Year 1 indicated evidence of Plot 2 having been
mowed by the landowner. Observations during Year 2 monitoring indicated that the
area was not mowed in 2007, yet the plot did appear to be in a clearing at the end of a
road.
EEP will continue monitoring the hydrology at the SALT Mitigation Site for the 2008
monitoring year.
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Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) FINAL 13
1
' The Louis Berger Group, Inc. SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
Project No. 92675
5.0 References
Soil Conservation Service, Soil Survey of Moore County, North Carolina, 1989.
2 National Climatic Data Center and NOAA Satellite and Information Service, Record of Climatological
' Observations. Last updated 5 2007, http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.clov/DLY
"' National Climatic Data Center and NOAA Satellite and Information Service, Record of Climatological
' Observations. Last updated 5 2007, http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/DLY
'v National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Drought Information Center, The Palmer Drought
Severity Index, http://www.drought.noaa.gov/paimer.html
' Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) FINAL 14

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APPENDICES

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APPENDIX A
1. GAUGE DATA GRAPHS
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1

APPENDIX B
1. VEGETATION MONITORING PLOT PHOTOS

The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
Proiect No. 92675
Monitoring Report Year 2 of S (2007)
Page 17
II
Vegetation Plot 1-10/17/2007
Vegetation Plot 2 -10/17/2007
The Louis Beer Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
Project No. 92675
Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007)
Page 18
1
Vegetation Plot 3 -10/17/2007
Vegetation Plot 4 -10/17/2007
1

n

1
C

1
1
1

APPENDIX B
' 2. VEGETATION PLOT LOCATIONS
0

1
1

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?
___________________
APPENDIX B
3. SITE PHOTOS
The Louis Beer Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
Project No. 92675
Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007) Page 22
Looking east from gauge 14 -10/17/2007
rLooking northwest from southwest corner of vegetation plot 2 -10/17/2007

The Louis Berger Group, Inc. SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
Proiect No. 92675
Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007)
Page 23

Looking south from southwest corner of vegetation plot 2 -10/17/2007
Looking southeast from southwest corner of vegetation plot 4 -10/17/2007

The Louis Berger Group Inc SALT Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
' Project No. 92675
Monitoring Report Year 2 of 5 (2007)
Page 24

Looking east from gauge 6 -10/17/2007