HomeMy WebLinkAbout20161182 Ver 1_670137 Archaeological AR15-04-0021 NoSitesPresent_20161129Project Tracking No.:
15-04-0021
NO NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES
o� '��' �� ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES -�� �,
�ap� �`� PRESENT FORM ��, �'
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{�-4.���� ��' This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not '�„... .� ..;�: �,+�
��-,�`.�"`-¢-� valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the ��..,�a;�
Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group.
PROJECT INFORMATION
Project No: N/A
WBS No
F.A. No.
17BP.7.R.97
N/A
Federal Permit Required?
County: ORANGE
Document:
Funding: � State
❑ Yes ❑ No Permit Type: N/A
❑ Federal
Project Description:
NCDOT Division 7 proposes to replace Bridge No. 137 on SR 1550 (Edmund Latta Road) over Forrest
Creek in Orange County. As defined by the NCDOT, the survey area (Area of Potential Effects [APE])
for archaeology measures approximately 1,056 feet (321.87 meters) long (centered on the mid-point of
the existing bridge). The study corridar is approximately 100 feet (30.48 meters) wide, extending 50 feet
(15.24 meters) on each side of the centerline of the roadway/bridge. For the purposes of this review, the
APE is estimated to encompass an area of slightly more than 2.42 acres (approximately .98 hectare).
SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDINGS
An archaeological survey and evaluation of the proposed replacement of Bridge No. 137 on SR 1550
(Edmund Latta Road) over Forrest Creek was conducted on February 10, 2016 by Terri Russ and Lauren
Roper of Environmental Services, Inc. (ESI). As a result of the investigations, no archaeological sites
were located within the project's APE. No further archaeological investigations are needed for this
project. I concur with this recommendation as the proposed bridge replacement project will not impact
significant archaeological resources. If the project expands and impacts subsurface areas beyond the
defined APE, further archaeological consultations will be necessary.
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Archaeology Group reviewed the subject
project and determined:
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There are no National Register listed or eligible ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES present
within the project's area of potential effects. (Attach any notes or documents as needed)
No subsurface archaeological investigations were required for this project.
Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources.
Subsurface investigations did not reveal the presence of any archaeological resources
considered eligible for the National Register.
All identified archaeological sites located within the APE have been considered and all
compliance for archaeological resources with Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Brief description of review activities, results of review, and conclusions:
See below.
SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION
See attached: � Map(s) ❑ Previous Survey Info
Signed:
� , -
NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST
Project Tracking No.:
15-04-0021
❑Correspondence
March 29, 2016
Date
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qua[ified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
15-04-0021
Bridge 137 AR15-04-0021
Environmental Services, Inc. (ESI) conducted an intensive archaeological survey for the replacement of
Bridge No. 137 on SR 1550 (Edmund Latta Road) over Forrest Creek in Orange County, North Carolina
on February 10, 2016 (Figures 1 and 2). As defined by the NCDOT, the survey area (Area of Potential
Effects [APE]) for archaeology measures approximately 1,056 feet (321.87 meters) long (centered on the
mid-point of the existing bridge). The study corridor is approximately 100 feet (30.48 meters) wide,
extending 50 feet (15.24 meters) on each side of the centerline of the roadway/bridge.
Background Summary
A map review and site file search conducted by NCDOT at the Ofiice of State Archaeology (OSA) on
April 23, 2015 revealed that no comprehensive archaeological survey of this bridge has been conducted,
and no previously recorded sites have been documented within the project's APE. A search of the North
Carolina State Historic Preservation Office online database (HPOWEB GIS Service) revealed no
previously recorded historic architectural resources located within the APE that have the potential to yield
intact archaeological deposits; however, the early twentieth century Latta Bungalow (OR1430) is located
adj acent to the eastern edge of the APE.
Topographic maps, aerial photography, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) soil survey
maps, and historic maps were examined for information on natural or cultural factors that might have
affected site locations ar preservation. The ca. 1910-1919 Rural Delivery Route map and 1918 soils map
appear to show a slightly different alignment for Edmund Latta Road and the bridge (Figures 3 and 4).
Instead of curving sharply to the east before the creek crossing, the road appears to continue roughly
north, crossing Forrest Creek northwest of the current bridge and intersecting with an unnamed road
running east-west. The 1938 Orange County road map and 1953 highway map also appear to show a
slightly different alignment than the current Edmund Latta Road, though this may be a result of the map
scale, as the 1938 aerial photograph shows the same general road alignment as the current road alignment
(Figures 5-7). Aerial photographs also indicated that Edmund Latta Road was realigned between 1999
and 2005 (Figures 8 and 9). Patrick Purcell, the current owner of the adjacent Latta Dairy Farm,
indicated that Edmund Latta Road was unpaved prior to the 2000 realignment.
Environmental Setting
The APE is located within the Piedmont physiographic region and consists of the floodplain and adjacent
terraces of Forrest Creek. Edmund Latta Road (SR 1550) crosses Forrest Creek roughly west to east.
Forrest Creek drains roughly east-northeast into the Little River.
Map units (soil series) are named for the major soil or soils within the unit, but may have minor
inclusions of other soils (NRCS 2014). The floodplain of the APE is mapped as Chewacla loam, a
somewhat poorly drained soil series (Table 1). The soils along the terraces on either side of the
floodplain are mapped as well drained Georgeville silt loam. Well drained Herndon silt loam is mapped
at each end of the APE.
Table 1: Project Area Soils.
Soil Name Code Slope Drainage Landform
Chewacla loam Ch 0-2% Somewhat Poorly Floodplains
Georgeville silt loam GeB 2-6% Well Interfluves
Georgeville silt loam GeC 6-10% Well Hillslopes
Herndon silt loam HrB 2-6% Well Interfluves
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
farm for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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The current archaeological investigation included pedestrian (visual) inspection and shovel testing within
the APE. Photographs of the project area are shown as Figures 10-18. A systematic visual inspection of
the APE was undertaken to search for surface artifacts, above-ground resources, or other signs of cultural
activity. A total of 26 shovel tests were excavated during the current investigation (see Figure 2 for
shovel test locations). The APE was divided into four quadrants (e.g., northeast, southeast) based roughly
on their locations relative to the bridge. The entire APE is located within the Latta dairy farm. Each
quadrant of the APE is described below.
Southwest Quadrant
The southwest quadrant of the APE consists of disturbed areas including gravel driveways and parking
areas for farm machinery. A fenced cow pasture is located in the eastern portion of this quadrant adjacent
to Forrest Creek. Surface visibility within the cow pasture was excellent; a visual inspection of the APE
revealed no surface artifacts or cultural materials. Of the 11 shovel tests located in this quadrant, six were
not excavated due to disturbance (see Figures 1�11). Excavated shovel tests encountered 10 to 20
centimeters of dark reddish brown silty loam over strong brown silty clay loam or clay subsoil. No
artifacts were recovered from any of the shovel tests.
Southeast Quadrant
The southeast quadrant of the APE adjacent to Forrest Creek consisted of a fenced pasture with mature
cedar trees flanking the original road alignment (see Figures 12-13). The eastern portion of the APE in
this quadrant was located within the disturbed former alignment of Edmund Latta Road (see Figures 7—
8). Of the 12 shovel tests located in this quadrant, seven were not excavated due to disturbance from the
previous road alignment. Surface visibility in this portion of the APE was generally poor due to
groundcover. Excavated shovel tests encountered 10 to 15 centimeters of brown or reddish brown silty
loam over strong brown or reddish brown clay subsoil. No artifacts were recovered from any of the
shovel tests.
Northeast Quadrant
The northeast quadrant of the project area consisted of a recently tilled garden area and pasture (see
Figure 14). Surface visibility in this portion of the APE was generally good; a visual inspection of the
APE and general vicinity revealed no surface artifacts or cultural materials. A total of 11 shovel tests
were excavated in this portion of the APE (STs 24-34). Shovel tests within this portion of the APE
consisted of 10 to 20 centimeters of light reddish brown, brown, or reddish brown silty loam over reddish
brown or dark reddish brown clay subsoil. Shovel tests 33 and 34 (located within the floodplain of
Forrest Creek) encountered standing water and hydric soils. No artifacts were recovered from any of the
shovel tests.
Northwest Quadrant
The northwest quadrant of the APE consists of disturbed areas (gravel driveways and parking areas
associated with the dairy farm) in the western portion of this quadrant of the APE (Figure 17). The
eastern portion of this quadrant consisted of a grassy, eroded terrace sloping down to Forrest Creek.
Surface visibility in this portion of the APE was poor due existing disturbance or grass cover; however, a
general visual inspection of the APE revealed no surface artifacts or cultural materials. Six of the 11
shovel tests in this quadrant were not excavated because of existing gravel driveways or other
disturbance. The remaining five shovel tests (STs 35-39) encountered between five and 10 centimeters of
brown or reddish brown silty clay loam over strong brown or reddish brown clay subsoil. No artifacts
were recovered from any of the shovel tests.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
farm for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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In summary, excavated shovel tests measured 30 centimeters in diameter and were excavated to sterile
subsoil, hydric/saturated soils, or the water table (whichever was encountered first). All soils were
excavated by natural levels (soil strata) and screened through a 0.25-inch hardware mesh. No artifacts
were recovered from any of the shovel tests within the APE and no archaeological sites were recorded.
Based on the results of the background research and field investigations, no archaeological resources are
located within the APE for Bridge No. 137 in Orange County. It is recommended that this project be
allowed to proceed without concern for impacts to significant cultural resources. Should the boundary of
the proposed APE be expanded or moved, additional archaeological investigations may be necessary, as
determined in consultation with the NCDOT and/or SHPO per the Programmatic Agreement.
REFERENCES CITED
National Geographic Society/ESRI
2011 Caldwell, North Carolina. I-cubed Seamless USGS Quadrangle.
Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
2014 Orange County, North Carolina Soil Survey. Natural Resources Conservation Service, United
States Department of Agriculture Web Soil Survey. http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda. o�v/
accessed 2 February 2016.
North Carolina State Highway and Public Works Commission
1938 Orange County Highway Map. On file, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh.
http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/sin�leitem/collection/ncmaps/id/1711/rec/34 accessed 1 February
2016.
1953 Orange County Highway Map. On file, North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh.
http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/8052/rec/38 accessed 1 February
2016.
United States Bureau of Soils: North Carolina Department of Agriculture
1918 Soil Map, North Carolina, Orange County Sheet. On file, North Carolina State Archives,
Raleigh. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/313/rec/27
accessed 1 February 2016.
United States Deparhnent of Agriculture (USDA)
1938 USDA Historic Aerial Photographs, Orange County, North Carolina. Digitized by
University Libraries, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
http://www2.lib.unc.edu/reference/gis/iJSDA/orange_1938/index.html accessed 4 February
2016.
United States Geological Survey (USGS)
1968 Caldwell, N.C., 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map. Historical Topographic Map
Collection. http://historicalmaps.arc�is.com/us�s/ accessed 1 February 2016.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
farm for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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United States Post Ofiice Department
1919 Rural Delivery Routes, Orange County, N. C., between 1910 and 1919. On file, North
Carolina State Archives, Raleigh.
http://dc.lib.unc.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/ncmaps/id/6666/rec/21 accessed 2 February
2016.
"NO NATIONAL REGISTER ELIGIBLE OR LISTED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PRESENT"
form for Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2007 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
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Figure 6. 1953 Orange County Highway Map
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Figure 7. 1938 Aerial Photograph of Project Area
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Figure 8. 1999 Aerial Photograph of Project Area Showing Old Road Alignment
"NO NAY70NAL REG/STF.R El,fGBLF. OR LISTF.D A2CHAEOLOGICAL SITF,S PRF.SF,NT"
%�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend.
l l of l6
Project Tracking No.:
]5-04-0021
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Figure 9. 2008 Aerial Photograph of Project Area Showing Current Road Alignment
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Figurc 10. Southwcst Quadrant of APE, facing West
"NO NAY70NAL REG/STF:R ELfGBLF. OR LISTF.D A2CHAEOLOGICAL SITF,S PRF.SF,NT"
%�orm far Minor Tran.rportatio�a Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend.
12 of l6
Project Tracking No.:
]5-04-0021
Figure 11. Southwest Quadrant of APE, facing West
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Figure 12. Southeast Quadrant of APE, facing Southwest
(Shovel marks the centerline of former road alignment)
`NO NAY70NAL REG/STF.R EI fGBLF. OR LISTF.D A2CHAEOLOGICAL SITF,S PRF.SF,NT"
�orm far Minor Tran.rportation Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend.
13 of l6
Project Tracking No.:
]5-04-0021
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Figure 13. Southeast Quadrant of APE, facing North along Former Road Alignment
Figure 14. Northeast Quadrant of APE, facing Southwest
`NO NAY70NAL REG/STF:R ELfGBLF. OR LISTF.D A2CHAEOLOGICAL SITF,S PRF.SF,NT"
�orm far Minor Tran.rportatio�a Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend.
14 of l6
Project Tracking No.:
]5-04-0021
Figure 15. West Half of the APE, facing East
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Figure 16. Northwest Quadrant of the APE, i�acing East
"NO NAY70NAL REG/STF:R ELfGBLF. OR LISTF.D A2CHAEOLOGICAL SITF,S PRF.SF,NT"
%�orm far Minor Tran.rportatio�a Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend.
15 of l6
Project Tracking No.:
]5-04-0021
Figure 17. Northwest Quadrant of the APE, facing Northeast
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Figure ] 8. East Half of the APE, facing West
`NO NAY70NAL REG/STF:R ELfGBLF. OR LISTF.D A2CHAEOLOGICAL SITF,S PRF.SF,NT"
�orm far Minor Tran.rportatio�a Projects as Qualifed in Ihe 2007 P��ogrammatic Agreernend.
16 of L6