HomeMy WebLinkAbout20042007 Ver 1_Monitoring Report Year 1_20080414Charles Creek Park
Wetland Restoration
Year One Monitoring Report
Pasquotank County, North Carolina
-44
March 2008
EEP Project Manager: Tracy Morris
S&EC Project Manager: Patrick Smith, P.E.
Cataloging Unit - 03010205 Pasquotank County
EEP Project No. 79
Prepared For:
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Table of Contents
1. Executive Summary / Project Abstract ....................................................................... 2
II. Project Background ..................................................................................................... 3
A. Project Goals and Objectives ............................................................................... 3
B. Project Structure, Restoration Type, and Approach ........................................ 3
C. Location and Setting ............................................................................................. 4
D. Project History and Background ......................................................................... 5
E. Monitoring Plan View ........................................................................................... 7
III. Project Condition and Monitoring Results .............................................................. 7
A. Vegetation Assessment .......................................................................................... 7
1. Problem Areas Plan View (Vegetation) .......................................................... 7
2. Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View ............................................................. 7
B. Wetland Assessment ............................................................................................. 7
1. Problem Areas Plan View (Wetland) .............................................................. 8
2. Wetland Criteria Attainment ........................................................................... 8
IV. Methodology Section ............................................................................................. 9
Tables
Exhibit Table I. Project Structure Table
Exhibit Table II. Project Activity and Reporting History
Exhibit Table III. Project Contact Table
Exhibit Table IV. Project Background Table
Exhibit Table V. Wetland Criteria Attainment
Appendices
Appendix A Vegetation Raw Data
1. Vegetation Survey Data Tables
2. Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
Appendix B Wetland Data
Appendix C Integrated Problem Area Plan View
Charles Creek Park Restoration Site Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Year I Monitoring - FINAL I S&EC Job # 728 LD2
March 2008
I. Executive Summary / Project Abstract
The Charles Creek Park Wetland Restoration project is located in the Pasquotank River
Basin, Hydrologic Cataloging Unit 03010205. The site consists of approximately 2.13
acres along the southeast bank of Charles Creek near its confluence with the Pasquotank
River. Of this acreage, a total of 1.93 acres is comprised of restored wetlands, enhanced
wetlands, or open water areas. The restoration site is located within Charles Creek Park
in downtown Elizabeth City, NC. The property is currently owned by the City of
Elizabeth City; the conservation easement is owned by NCDENR-Ecosystem
Enhancement Program (EEP).
The Charles Creek Park Wetland Restoration project restored wetland hydrology and the
targeted cypress-gum swamp plant community onsite (Schafale and Weakley, 1990).
The restoration of this riverine wetland commenced in July 2007 and consisted of re-
grading previously filled wetlands in order to lower the site elevation to bring it closer to
the water table and the mean water surface elevation of the adjacent Charles Creek
thereby restoring wetland hydrology. The site was planted in July 2007 with native
woody (tree and shrub) and herbaceous vegetation, and seeded with a native herbaceous
seed mix.
Monitoring of the vegetated buffer was performed by Soil & Environmental Consultants,
PA (S&EC) during the growing season of 2007 (from April 7 to November 1). Stem
counts were performed within the established vegetation monitoring plots, resulting in an
average woody live stem density of approximately 1,073 stems per acre.
Only two (2) of the four (4) installed groundwater gauges achieved the desired success
criteria. This most likely due to the sever drought which was documented across the
State of North Carolina in 2007. However, based on site observations, including
inundation (or evidence thereof to include wrack lines, etc.), vegetative success, and
overall site conditions it appears that the site has performed successfully.
Year 2 Monitoring (coordinated by NCEEP) will commence in January of 2008.
Charles Creek Park Restoration Site Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Year I Monitoring - FINAL 2 S&EC Job # 7281 D2
March 2008
II. Project Background
The Charles Creek Park Wetland Restoration Site is located in downtown Elizabeth City
in Pasquotank County, NC. The site is approximately 2.13 acres and is located along the
southeastern bank of Charles Creek near its confluence with the Pasquotank River in the
Pasquotank River basin (Cataloging Unit 03010205). Of this acreage, a total of 1.93
acres is comprised of restored wetlands, enhanced wetlands, or open water areas.
The project site is located within a property owned by the City of Elizabeth City, in an
urban residential area comprised primarily of single family homes. NCEEP owns a
conservation easement on the property. Charles Creek Park is bordered by a paved
basketball court and Southern Avenue to the west, Dawson Street to the south, Hunter
Street to the east and Tuscarora Avenue and Charles Creek itself to the north.
The majority of the site surface was filled an unknown number of years ago in order to
create the city park. Most of the usable surface was maintained as turf grass (for
recreational purposes) with some remnant areas of cypress-gum swamp along Charles
Creek and the two unnamed tributaries to Charles Creek within the project site. These
unnamed tributaries enter the site through culverts under surrounding streets. One
tributary flows west under Hunter Street and across the north edge of the site until its
confluence with Charles Creek. The other tributary flows north into Charles Creek
through the center of the property essentially bisecting the property. The natural areas
onsite contained many large bald cypress trees.
A. Project Goals and Objectives
The specific goals and objectives of the Charles Creek Park wetland restoration as
described in the Restoration Plan (March 2005) are to:
1) Restore and enhance wetland function, vegetative structure, and wildlife
habitat to approximately 2 acres of lower coastal plain bald cypress-gum
swamp,
2) Incorporate the restoration effort into the site's surrounding areas in an
aesthetically pleasing manner that does not mark a significant departure
from similar nearby cypress-gum swampland,
3) Retain valuable natural onsite assets (i.e., large existing bald cypress
individuals) and incorporate them into the site restoration, and
4) Incorporate the site into the Elizabeth City community in a manner that is
conducive to fostering public interest in wetland restoration.
B. Project Structure, Restoration Type, and Approach
The restoration design for the site was based on qualitative assessment, species lists for
vegetative strata and techniques utilizing reference data sets and existing wetland
Charles Creek Park Restoration Site Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Year 1 Monitoring - FINAL 3 S&EC Job # 7281.132
March 2008
conditions survey data. Reference data utilized in our design included the previously
described reference data in the Charles Creek Park Wetland Restoration Plan (March
2005).
The implementation of the Restoration Plan resulted in the restoration of a previously
impacted riverine wetland and the enhancement of natural habitat through the removal of
fill, the removal of exotic invasive vegetation, and the planting of native vegetation based
on reference wetland conditions. This restoration also provided a more appropriate
hydraulic connection of the pre-existing hydrologic regime and the local historic
floodplain.
Hand auger borings and visual site assessment indicated varying depths of fill material
overlaying the residual site soils. This was confirmed based on a review of the
Pasquotank County Soil survey, which indicates the presence of primarily Mattapex fine
sandy loam in upland areas as well as Bibb and "Swamp" mapped soils to lesser degrees.
Restoration operations included removal of this fill material to expose residual soils. The
resultant presence of groundwater closer to the soil surface in conjunction with the
planting of appropriate vegetative species (tree, shrub, and herbaceous) supports the
restoration approach.
C. Location and Setting
The Charles Creek Park Riverine Wetland Restoration Site is located in downtown
Elizabeth City in Pasquotank County, NC. The site is located along the southeastern
bank of Charles Creek near its confluence with the Pasquotank River in the Pasquotank
River basin (Cataloging Unit 03010205).
The restoration site is located within a property owned by the City of Elizabeth City, in
an urban residential area comprised primarily of single family homes. The conservation
easement on the property is owned by EEP. Charles Creek Park is bordered by a paved
basketball court and Southern Avenue to the west, Dawson Street to the south, Hunter
Street to the east and Tuscarora Avenue and Charles Creek itself to the north.
Charles Creek Park Restoration Site Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Year I Monitoring - FINAL 4 S&EC Job # 728 LD2
March 2008
D. Project History and Background
The following tables summarize the project history and background:
Exhibit Table I. Project Restoration Components
Charles Creek Park Wetland Mitigation Site
Project wo d
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ca o d
Segment or d ;; Stationing Comment
Reach ID
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Restoration 1.16 R N/A 1.16 N/A
Enhancement 0.60 E N/A 0.60 N/A
Open Water 0.17 N/A N/A 0.17 N/A
Mitigation Unit Summations
Stream (If) Riparian Nonriparian Total Wetland Buffer (Ac) Comment
Wetland (Ac) Wetland (Ac) (Ac)
N/A 1.93 N/A 1.93 N/A
Site construction and planting were completed in July 2007. Additional information
regarding the project history and schedule are shown in Table II.
Exhibit Table II. Project Activity and Reporting History
Charles Creek Park Wetland Miti ation Site
Activity or Report
Data Collection
Complete Actual
Completion or
Delivery
Restoration Plan Mar-05
Construction Jul-06
Planting / Permanent seed mix applied Jul-06
Mitigation Plan / As-built ear 0 Monitoring - baseline Mar-07
Year 1 Monitoring Nov-07 Dec-07
Year 2 Monitoring Dec-08
Year 3 Monitoring Dec-09
Year 4 Monitoring Dec-10
Year 5 Monitoring Dec-11
Charles Creek Park Restoration Site Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Year I Monitoring - FINAL 5 S&EC Job # 7281.D2
March 2008
Exhibit Table III. Project Contacts Table
Charles Creek Park Wetland Mitigation Site
Designer Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Primary Project Design POC 11010 Raven Ridge Rd
Raleigh, NC 27614
Patrick K. Smith 919 846-5900
Construction Contractor North State Environmental, Inc.
Construction Contractor POC 2889 Lowery St.
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Darrell Westmoreland 336 725-2010
Planting Contractor North State Environmental, Inc.
Planting Contractor POC 2889 Lowery St.
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Darrell Westmoreland 336 725-2010
Seeding Contractor North State Environmental, Inc.
Seeding Contractor POC 2889 Lowery St.
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Darrell Westmoreland 336 725-2010
Monitoring Performers Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
11010 Raven Ridge Rd.
Raleigh, NC 27614
Vegetation Monitoring POC Jessica Regan 919 846-5900
Wetland Monitoring POC Jessica Regan 919 846-5900
Exhibit Table IV. Project Background Table
Gray Farm Stream Restoration Site/EEP Project # 92219
Project County Pas uotank
Drainage area 21.3 ac
Drainage impervious cover estimate (%) < 20%
Stream Order N/A
Ph sio ra hic Region Coastal Plain
Ecore ion Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain
Rosgen Classification of As-built N/A
Cowardin Classification Estuarine
Dominant soil types Matta ex, Bibb, "Swamp"
Reference site ID Charles Creek
USGS HUC for Project and Reference 03010205
NCDWQ Sub-basin for Project and Reference 03-01-50
NCDWQ classification for Project and Reference C;Sw
An ortion of an project segment 303d listed? No
Any portion of any project segment upstream of a 303d
listed segment?
No
Reasons for 303d listing or stressor N/A
% of project easement fenced No Fence
Charles Creek Park Restoration Site Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Year 1 Monitoring - FINAL 6 S&EC Job # 7281.132
March 2008
E. Monitoring Plan View
Four (4) vegetation monitoring plots were established across the restored wetland area.
Monitoring plots consist of l Om x l Om squares with a groundwater monitoring gauge
serving as one corner of the plot. The remaining plot corners are marked with 1.5-inch
diameter PVC pipes. A corner of each vegetation monitoring plot was established as a
permanent photo point for vegetation monitoring photos.
The locations of all monitoring devices are shown on Sheet 1 (Monitoring Plan View).
III. Project Condition and Monitoring Results
A. Vegetation Assessment
The vegetative success of the restored riparian wetland will be based on the combined
survival of tree and shrub species for the five-year monitoring period. Survival of woody
(tree and shrub) species planted within the restored wetland will be at least 320
stems/acre through year three, 288 stems/acre through year four, 260 stems/acre through
year five. The stem count will be based on an average of the stem counts of the evaluated
vegetation plots. The taxonomic standard used for the counts is "Flora of the Carolinas,
Virginia, Georgia, and Surrounding Areas" by Alan S. Weakley.
In Year 1 (2007), vegetation monitoring shows an average density of 1,073 live stems per
acre (trees and shrubs). Future vegetation monitoring data will be compared with
baseline monitoring data to determine survival rates and stem densities for woody
vegetation planted within the restored wetland. Vegetation monitoring data for buffer
plots is presented in Appendix A.
1. Problem Areas Plan View (Vegetation)
There are currently no vegetative problem areas.
2. Vegetative Problem Areas Plan View
There are currently no vegetative problem areas.
B. Wetland Assessment
Four (4) Infinities, USA groundwater monitoring gauges along with one (1) Infinities,
USA rain gauge were installed onsite after construction was completed. The
groundwater gauges record daily readings of groundwater depth. The rain gauge records
daily rainfall depths.
The growing season in Pasquotank County typically begins April 7 and ends November 1
(209 days). Success criteria for wetland hydrology require that the area be inundated or
saturated within 12-inches of the ground surface for a period of 8.5% of the growing
season or approximately 18 consecutive days. This duration is selected as the mean and
Charles Creek Park Restoration Site Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Year 1 Monitoring - FINAL 7 S&EC Job # 7281.D2
March 2008
generally desired percentage, however, an individual gauge is deemed successful if it
falls within the range of 5 to 12% of the growing season or approximately 10 to 26 days.
1. Problem Areas Plan View (Wetland)
An assessment of the stability of the wetland was preformed on during
monthly visits that occurred from January through November 2007, by S&EC.
Groundwater gauges were downloaded quarterly.
As shown on the Problem Area Plan View (Sheet 2), two (2) of the four (4)
gauges on-site achieved wetland success criteria of saturation for 8.5% of the
growing season (18 days). CCP 2 and CCP3 experienced 50 and 51
consecutive days of saturation, respectively. The two (2) gauges that did not
meet criteria are CCP 1 and CCP4 which experienced a maximum of 4 and 7
consecutive days, respectively. However, based on site observations,
including inundation (or evidence thereof to include wrack lines, etc.),
vegetative success, and overall site conditions it appears that the site has
performed successfully.
Based on data collected from the onsite rain gauges a total of 20.36 inches of
rainfall was measured during the growing season. Based on data from the
State Climate Office (NC SCO), normal rainfall during the growing season in
Elizabeth City is 28.04 inches. It should be noted that much of the State of
North Carolina was in a severe drought for a majority of 2007 and that onsite
rainfall was well below normal. In fact, observed onsite rainfall equates to
less than 75% of that expected during a normal year.
And considering gauges CCP1 and CCP4 were relatively close to achieving
saturation within the desired range of 5 to 12% of the growing season, it
would be expected that during a normal rainfall year, all gauges would likely
meet hydrologic success criteria.
2. Wetland Criteria Attainment
Table V: Wetland Criteria Attainment
Charles Creek Park Wetland Mitigation Site
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Charles Creek Park Restoration Site Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Year 1 Monitoring - FINAL 8 S&EC Job # 7281.D2
March 2008
IV. Methodology Section
No deviations from initially prescribed methodologies were implemented as a part of
monitoring Year 1 (2007) activities. Vegetation counts were completed according to
EEP 2004 Stem Counting Protocol.
References
Weakley, Alan S. 2004. Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and Surrounding
Areas.
Charles Creek Park Restoration Site Soil & Environmental Consultants, PA
Year I Monitoring - FINAL 9 S&EC Job # 7281.D2
March 2008
APPENDIX A -
Vegetation Survey Data Tables
Table X1 It: Wetland Criteria Attainment
Charles Creek Park Welland Mitigation Site
Plot Number & Year
i
S
T
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2007 pec
es
ota
2007
Species Type 1 2 3 4
Viburnum dentatum
Arrowwood Shrub 4 2 6
Cyrilla racemiflora
TiTi Shrub 1 2 2 5
Perea borbonta
Red Bay Tree 3 1 5 9
Cephalanthus occidenialis
Buttonbush Shrub 2 3 9 14
Lyonia lucida
Fetterbush Shrub 3 2 2 7
F'raxinus pennsylvanica
Green Ash Tree 2 1 2 5
Viburnum nudum
Possum Haw Shrub 3 1 5 S 17
Magnolia virginiana
Sweet Bay Tree 1 1
Taxodium distichum
Bald Cypress Tree 1 4 4 4 13
Vaccinium corymbosum
Hi hbush Blueberry Shrub 3 3
Clethra alm/blia
Sweet Pe rbush Shrub 4 3 7 14
yssa aquatica
Water Tupelo Tree 3 3 3 9
Quercus phellos
Willow Oak Tree 2 1 3
Totals 25 10 24 47 106
Live Stem Density 1012 405 971 1902 1073
APPENDIX A -
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
Appendix A
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
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Year One Monitoring-FINAL S*EC Job# 7281 .D2
March 2008
Appendix A
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
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March 2008
Appendix A
Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
Plot #3-2006-A5-Built (August 9, 2006)
Plot #3-2007-Year One Monitoring (August 30, 2007)
Charles Creek Park Wetland Restoration
Year One Monitoring-FINAL
Soil t Environmental Consultants, PA
S*EC Job# 7281 D2
March 2006
Appendix A Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos
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March 2008
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